WO2023091047A1 - Новое применение сегнетовой соли - Google Patents
Новое применение сегнетовой соли Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023091047A1 WO2023091047A1 PCT/RU2021/000571 RU2021000571W WO2023091047A1 WO 2023091047 A1 WO2023091047 A1 WO 2023091047A1 RU 2021000571 W RU2021000571 W RU 2021000571W WO 2023091047 A1 WO2023091047 A1 WO 2023091047A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rochelle
- salt
- whitening
- enamel
- piezoelectric
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- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009054 pathological process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003239 periodontal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004261 periodontium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001472 potassium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004313 potentiometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003642 reactive oxygen metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004029 silicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000329 smooth muscle myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940052228 zinc oxide paste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
- A61Q11/02—Preparations for deodorising, bleaching or disinfecting dentures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/365—Hydroxycarboxylic acids; Ketocarboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
- A61K2800/28—Rubbing or scrubbing compositions; Peeling or abrasive compositions; Containing exfoliants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
- A61K2800/522—Antioxidants; Radical scavengers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
- A61K2800/524—Preservatives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new applications of Rochelle salt and can be used in the field of dentifrices.
- the principle of the whitening action of a piezoelectric under conditions of periodic mechanical action in an electrolyte environment is based on the formation of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative cleavage of colored pigments present on the enamel. The effect is similar to radiation-activated photocatalytic reactions.
- the whitening method proposed by the authors makes it possible to replace insoluble abrasive particles in toothpaste formulations, which have limited effectiveness and in some cases, in particular, with prolonged systemic exposure, can lead to scratches on the enamel.
- the use of piezoelectric effects to lighten enamel, remove pigments and deposits is superior in safety and ease of use to chemical bleaching methods based on the use of hydrogen peroxide. It should be noted that piezoelectric nanoparticles exhibit chemical, structural, and electrical stability, which allows them to be introduced into multicomponent toothpaste formulations.
- piezoelectric whitening is a safer approach, allowing at home to provide gentle removal of pigments and effective whitening of enamel.
- the barium titanate BaTiO3 crystal became the first oxide of the perovskite family in which the existence of several ferroelectric phases was established [9].
- Typical piezoelectric systems also include hexagonal wurtzite ZnO crystals, 2D materials of the M0S2 type, and a group of bismuth derivatives [10].
- An example of a single-crystal weak piezoelectric is quartz. Materials based on zirconate-titanates, niobates (lead, sodium-potassium) are characterized by high piezoelectric properties [9].
- a promising direction in the production of toothpastes is the development of formulations for oral hygiene products of complex action, which not only effectively clean the surface of the teeth, have a preventive and healing effect on oral tissues, but also have a pleasant taste and smell and do not contain components that can ambiguously affect not only the organs oral cavity, but also with constant use on the human body as a whole, given the likelihood of ingestion of the paste.
- Rochelle salt due to its chemical and piezoelectric properties in the composition of toothpaste, can have a complex effect on the surface of teeth and oral tissues.
- Rochelle's salt is able to bind Ca 2+ calcium ions.
- Ions Ca 2+ and F' are involved in the mineralization of tooth enamel, and in case of pathology they increase the deposition of glycoproteins on it and the formation of plaque.
- Dental plaque arises by the deposition of microorganisms on the surface of the pellicle and grows due to the constant layering of new types of bacteria [19]. Calcification of plaque leads to the formation of tartar.
- SS is able to bind oral microorganisms that can form plaque colonies, as well as inhibit the growth of calcium phosphate crystals in saliva.
- the calcium ion binding constant for chelating agents in oral care products should be in the order of 1000 MN 5 [20].
- Agents with chelating properties in multicomponent formulations which include, among other things, toothpastes, also help to increase the stability and resistance to oxidation of the final product [20].
- Rochelle salt particles Due to their piezoelectric properties, Rochelle salt particles are capable of exhibiting a multiple mechanism of antibacterial action. The sterilizing effect is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species in solution under mechanical action on the piezoelectric. To date, antibacterial activity has been studied for such piezoelectric materials as barium titanate, tungsten disulfide. It was found that the effectiveness of their sterilizing action against Escherichia coli is 99.9% with a treatment time of 20-60 minutes [10].
- Particles of Rochelle salt under voltage are able to polarize.
- the lattice of positive ions is in the state thermodynamic equilibrium can be shifted relative to the lattice of negative ions in such a way that the crystals are electrically polarized even in the absence of an electric field.
- This causes an attraction to the charged regions of bacterial crystals that carry the opposite surface charge [21].
- the removal of bacterial cells from the oral cavity together with the Rochelle salt particles after the brushing process can be ensured.
- the condition of the periodontium namely the complex of tissues surrounding the tooth: the mucous membranes of the gums, the alveoli of the teeth, the ligamentous apparatus of the teeth, largely determines the health of the teeth.
- inflammatory periodontal diseases namely the complex of tissues surrounding the tooth: the mucous membranes of the gums, the alveoli of the teeth, the ligamentous apparatus of the teeth.
- One of the key links in pathogenesis is such a typical pathological process as oxidative stress. It develops under the condition of intensification of free radical processes, often against the background of a reduced potential of the antioxidant system. Processes can be corrected using antioxidant agents [23].
- One of the promising methods is the use of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes based on antioxidants.
- Potassium-sodium tartrate - Rochelle salt - is known in the food industry as an antioxidant E337.
- sodium tartrate it was found that its antioxidant activity may exceed that of ⁇ -tocopherol [24]. It is shown that sodium tartrate at a low concentration of 0.01% exhibits a pronounced antioxidant effect on samples of various types of vegetable oils subjected to heating.
- a-tocopherol was used at a concentration of 0.1%. For a-tocopherol, there are numerous experimental data confirming its positive effect on the state of the oral cavity due to its antioxidant activity [25–28].
- compositions with antioxidants are able to stop the effects of oxidative stress and can be recommended for regular use for preventive purposes.
- Another aspect of the antioxidant activity of Rochelle salt can be related to the following.
- a clinically important observation is the decrease in adhesive properties enamel after bleaching due to the retention of residual oxygen near its surface.
- a minimum of 2 weeks is required to restore adhesive properties when bleaching with hydrogen peroxide [29].
- post-treatment of the oral cavity with various antioxidants has a beneficial effect on this process [29].
- 10% ⁇ -tocopherol is effective in home bleaching [30].
- the antioxidant used in addition to restoring the adhesive properties of enamel after bleaching, should ensure the preservation of its color stability [29].
- amber-colored a-tocopherol does not meet this requirement, causing discoloration of the enamel.
- Rochelle salt is colorless and can effectively remove residual radicals without causing undesirable changes in enamel tone.
- Silicon dioxide is a widely used abrasive ingredient in toothpastes that is gentle on tooth enamel. SiOs particles polish the surface, preventing plaque formation for a long time.
- the advantages of this component are:
- Aerosil is able to enter into mechanochemical interaction with biologically active organic acids [31].
- Potassium-sodium tartrate is a salt of polybasic tartaric acid.
- the absorption water molecules of the dioxide silicon serve as a link between the carrier and monomeric acid molecules: aerosil - absorption water - polybasic acid.
- silicon dioxide can significantly modify the properties of Rochelle salt - potentiate its antioxidant activity, as well as enhance its antibacterial effect. It has been shown in experiments with various natural and synthetic antioxidants that the use of mesoporous silicon dioxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles as a carrier leads to a synergistic effect [32]. An increase in antimicrobial activity can be facilitated by multiple nonspecific interactions between a bacterial cell and the surface of SiOa particles [33].
- Rochelle salt in the composition can act as an active substance with a multiple mechanism of action, leading to a positive effect on the soft tissues of the oral cavity, a whitening effect due to piezoelectric properties.
- this component is the most fully characterized, has a proven safety and a long history of use, including in food products.
- Rochelle's salt in a tooth and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant damage to the microstructure of the enamel relief.
- Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant damage to the microstructure of the enamel relief compared to traditional peroxide systems.
- Rochelle's salt in a tooth and/or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause a significant damage to the enamel microhardness.
- Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause a significant damage to the enamel microhardness compared to traditional peroxide systems.
- the agent is toothpaste, prophylactic paste, tooth powder, dentifrice polish, tooth gel, chewing gum, candy, lozenge, mouth rinse, whitening strip, toothpaste coated floss, coated toothbrush, tinting gel, polish, syringe or dental tray containing gel or paste, whitening and/or remineralizing strips, tooth powder.
- FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate the operating conditions of the experiments.
- the present invention relates to new applications of Rochelle salt. Aspects of the invention according to the present application are listed below.
- Rochelle's salt in a tooth and/or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant/significant damage to the microstructure of the enamel relief.
- Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant / significant damage to the microstructure of the enamel relief compared to traditional peroxide systems.
- Rochelle's salt in a tooth and/or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant/significant damage to the enamel microhardness.
- Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant/significant damage to the enamel microhardness compared to traditional peroxide systems.
- the agent is a toothpaste, a prophylactic paste, a tooth powder, a dentifrice polish, a tooth gel, a chewing gum, candy, lozenge, mouthwash, whitening strip, coated floss, coated toothbrush, tinting gel, varnish, syringe or dental tray containing a gel or paste, whitening and/or remineralizing strips, tooth powder.
- Tester In order to determine the resistance of tooth enamel to abrasion on a Martindale tester (hereinafter referred to as the Tester), sets were studied - samples of piezoelectric solutions and toothbrushes according to the following indicator:
- Ft Cleaning 300 characterizes the cleaning ability of a solution (paste) when performing 300 cleaning movements (mah) in a suspension of piezoelectrics.
- the indicator is used as an analogue of PCR (Pellicle Cleaning Ration) and allows you to quantify the cleansing and whitening effect of the solution (paste) with a single cleaning.
- HAP substrates hydroxyapatite substrates according to the size of the hole in the Martindale tester brush-board, with a whiteness value (L) of 90-94;
- the finished tablet has a pronounced metallic sheen of the painted surface, the pigment has a pronounced adhesion of the pigment to the surface of the substrate, and does not stain the hands of the experimenter during contact and testing;
- FtC1300 values are calculated using the formula:
- Test solution toothpaste with Rochelle salt: 1 (10 ml) part of toothpaste with Rochelle salt - 2 (20 ml) parts of distilled water;
- barium titanate toothpaste 1 (10 ml) part of barium titanate toothpaste - 2 (20 ml) parts of distilled water;
- Zinc oxide paste solution 1 (10 ml) part of zinc oxide toothpaste - 2 (20 ml) parts of distilled water;
- Negative control 3 (30 ml) parts of water.
- composition of the studied pastes (at a single concentration of different piezoelectrics) is shown in Table 1.
- the lightness level was assessed according to the CIE LAB scale.
- the Lab color model was created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Color is not described in terms of elements reproduced by devices, but using the three components of human color vision. In this model, any color is defined by lightness (L-Lightness) and two chromatic components: the a channel is the colors from dark green through gray to magenta, the b channel is the colors from blue through gray to yellow. Channels a and b change from -128 to 127, and the parameter L from 0 to 100.
- the zero value of the color components at a brightness of 50 corresponds to gray in the RGB model (119,119,119). A brightness value of 100 produces white, while 0 produces black.
- the level of purification is estimated by the formula FtCln300, where:
- LHCX is the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs before staining.
- Eocr the value of the whiteness of hydroxyapatite discs after staining.
- FtC1300 100*(Lo4Hnj-LoKp)/(LHCx-LoKp), where the main variable is L - Lightness, which at a value of 100 denotes white, so the higher the FtCl value, the more effective was the cleaning of the surface of hydroxyapatite discs (Table 2 ).
- the reference toothpaste for cleansing was a highly abrasive paste SPLAT Special Blackwood, which in clinical studies shows the best results in whitening equal to 2.5 shades on the VITA scale;
- the reference piezoelectric was barium titanate, which has a typical piezoelectric tetrahedral structure and therefore should show the best results;
- Zinc oxide toothpaste has also been prepared, which is also a commercially available piezoelectric material.
- Tester In order to determine the resistance of tooth enamel to abrasion on a Martindale tester (hereinafter referred to as the Tester), sets were studied - samples of piezoelectric solutions and toothbrushes according to the following indicator:
- Ft Cleaning 300 characterizes the cleaning ability of a solution (paste) when performing 300 cleaning movements (mah) in a suspension of piezoelectrics.
- the indicator is used as an analogue of PCR (Pellicle Cleaning Ration) and allows you to quantify the cleansing and whitening effect of the solution (paste) with a single cleaning.
- the minimum set of equipment for testing was represented by the following devices:
- Hydroxyapatite substrates (hereinafter - HAP substrates) according to the size of the hole in the Martindale tester brush-board, with a whiteness value (L) of 90-94;
- the finished tablet should have a pronounced metallic luster of the painted surface, the pigment should have a pronounced adhesion of the pigment to the surface of the substrate, and not stain the hands of the experimenter during contact and testing.
- the substrates are dried with filter paper, then 5-10 min. dried in air, then - with an air dryer with an air temperature not higher than 40 ° C for 12-15 minutes, with periodic turning.
- FtC1300 values are calculated using the formula:
- the level of lightness is estimated according to the CIE LAB scale.
- the Lab color model was created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Color is not described in terms of elements reproduced by devices, but using the three components of human color vision. In this model, any color is defined by lightness (L-Lightness) and two chromatic components: the a channel is the colors from dark green through gray to magenta, the b channel is the colors from blue through gray to yellow. Channels a and b change from -128 to 127, and the parameter L from 0 to 100.
- the zero value of the color components at a brightness of 50 corresponds to gray in the RGB model (119,119,119). A brightness value of 100 produces white, while 0 produces black.
- the level of purification is estimated by the formula FtC1300, where:
- LHCX is the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs before staining.
- Eocr the value of the whiteness of hydroxyapatite discs after staining.
- Eclean the value of the whiteness of hydroxyapatite discs after cleaning with toothpaste solutions.
- FtC1300 100*(Lclean-cr)/(ref-Ecl), where the main variable is L - Lightness, which at a value of 100 means white, so the higher the FtCl value, the better the cleaning of the surface of the hydroxyaptaite discs.
- EXAMPLE 4 Determination of antioxidant activity with respect to ascorbic acid for a liquid sample by the ferricyanide spectrophotometric method.
- the object of the study was a solution of Rochelle's salt 2% in distilled water.
- Di is the optical density of the solution of the mediator system in the test sample.
- Basf Catalysts LLC Light-activated tooth whitening composition and methods therefor: pat. W02010045280 USA. 2008.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2008694A1 (de) * | 1969-02-27 | 1970-09-17 | Medisan AB, Uppsala (Schweden) | Zahnpasta |
WO1995031175A1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral compositions |
US20030003163A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-01-02 | Milton Hodosh | Therapeutic compositions and methods of use thereof |
CN100352536C (zh) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-12-05 | 南化集团研究院 | 抑制一乙醇胺回收二氧化碳系统中溶剂降解的方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 WO PCT/RU2021/000571 patent/WO2023091047A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2021-12-15 EP EP21920150.6A patent/EP4338723A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2008694A1 (de) * | 1969-02-27 | 1970-09-17 | Medisan AB, Uppsala (Schweden) | Zahnpasta |
WO1995031175A1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral compositions |
US20030003163A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-01-02 | Milton Hodosh | Therapeutic compositions and methods of use thereof |
CN100352536C (zh) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-12-05 | 南化集团研究院 | 抑制一乙醇胺回收二氧化碳系统中溶剂降解的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE GNPD [online] MINTEL; 23 April 2007 (2007-04-23), ANONYMOUS: "Chewy Candy", XP093015104, retrieved from https://www.gnpd.com/sinatra/recordpage/693440/ Database accession no. 693440 * |
WANG YANG ET AL: "Piezo-catalysis for nondestructive tooth whitening", NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 11, no. 1, 12 March 2020 (2020-03-12), XP093015279, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15015-3.pdf> DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15015-3 * |
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