WO2023088488A1 - 一种防治脑部疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种防治脑部疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of biomedicine, and relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating brain diseases, a preparation method and application thereof.
- Brain injury is a comprehensive brain disease caused by multiple factors. Brain injury-related diseases include stroke, sequelae of stroke, vascular dementia, cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases. Stroke is mainly divided into two categories: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. It is an important killer that threatens human health, and the incidence rate is very high in the middle-aged and elderly people. It is estimated that there are about 12 million stroke patients nationwide, of which 60-80% are ischemic stroke patients, up to nearly 9 million people, and the global figure is more than 40 million people, and the age of onset is getting younger More than 70% of stroke patients lose their ability to work, seriously impairing social labor force and creativity.
- Alzheimer's disease is a common cognitive impairment disease in the elderly, including different types such as vascular dementia (Vascular Dementia, VD) and senile dementia (Alzheimer disease, AD).
- VD vascular dementia
- AD senile dementia
- vascular dementia is an important type of senile dementia and one of the main sequelae of cerebral apoplexy. It is quite common in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and the prevalence rate can reach more than 10% in people over 60 years old. Quality of life of the elderly. With the gradual aging of my country's population, stroke and VD patients are increasing.
- the etiology of brain injury includes ischemia, inflammation, oxidative stress injury, nerve and vascular tissue damage, damage to nerve structure and function, decreased synthesis of neurotransmitters at the junction, etc., requiring multi-level, multi-link, multi-target comprehensive regulation of anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidative stress, promoting nerve and blood vessel regeneration and repair, and restoring its normal nerve structure and function can effectively control and even cure this disease. Therefore, it is currently an important research topic to find traditional Chinese medicines with multi-target effects, low toxicity, controllable quality, anti-cerebral ischemic injury, prevention and treatment of brain injury and cognitive impairment that reflect the overall therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
- the present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition.
- the composition of raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine composition includes: 10-40 parts by weight of ginseng, 40-120 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-50 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the raw material composition of the traditional Chinese medicine composition includes 10-30 parts by weight of ginseng, 40-110 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-45 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the raw material composition of the traditional Chinese medicine composition includes 15-30 parts by weight of ginseng, 50-110 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-40 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of the following raw materials: 10-40 parts by weight of ginseng, 40-120 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-50 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials: 10-30 parts by weight of ginseng, 40-60 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-40 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials: 10-25 parts by weight of ginseng, 45-60 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-35 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials: 10-20 parts by weight of ginseng, 50-60 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20-30 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of the following raw materials: 10-18 parts by weight of ginseng, 53-60 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 25-30 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of the following raw materials: 12.5 parts by weight of ginseng, 62.5 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 25 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of the following raw materials: 14 parts by weight of ginseng, 58 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 28 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition is made of the following raw materials: 20 parts by weight of ginseng, 60 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa, and 20 parts by weight of hawthorn.
- the present invention provides a combination of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, the combination comprising: 10-40 parts by weight of ginseng extract, 20-80 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa extract, and 20-50 parts by weight of hawthorn extract .
- the combination includes: 10-30 parts by weight of ginseng extract, 40-110 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa extract, and 20-45 parts by weight of hawthorn extract.
- the combination includes: 15-30 parts by weight of ginseng extract, 50-110 parts by weight of Rehmannia glutinosa extract, and 20-40 parts by weight of hawthorn extract.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine composition or the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine extracts, comprising the following steps: taking each raw drug in proportion by weight, extracting, filtering, and vacuum drying Obtain the described Chinese medicine composition or the described Chinese medicine extract combination.
- the extraction includes any one of immersion extraction, decoction extraction, reflux extraction, percolation extraction or ultrasonic extraction, and the number of extractions is 1 to 5 times.
- the extraction times are 2-5 times.
- the extraction times are 2-4 times.
- the method includes the following steps: taking each bulk drug in proportion by weight, and extracting with solvent reflux for 1 to 5 times, and the mass of the solvent added for each extraction is 1 to 15% of the mass of the bulk drug. times, each time for 5 minutes to 5 hours, filter, combine the extracts, and vacuum dry to obtain the Chinese medicine composition or the Chinese medicine extract combination.
- the vehicle includes water or ethanol in water.
- the extract of the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn is ethanol extract or water extract.
- the extract of the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn is an ethanol extract.
- the preparation method of the combined extract of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa, and hawthorn comprises: taking each raw medicinal material in proportion by weight, crushing it into a coarse powder, and adding an ethanol solution 4 to 15 times the weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal material Reflux extraction for 1 to 5 times, filter, combine extracts, and vacuum dry to obtain the extract.
- the vacuum drying conditions are 0.07-0.1 MPa, 40-80°C.
- the vacuum drying conditions are 0.07-0.09MPa, 40-70°C.
- the ethanol solution is 40-100% v/v ethanol in water.
- the ethanol solution is 50-100% v/v ethanol in water.
- the ethanol solution is 50-80% v/v ethanol in water.
- the ethanol solution is 60-90% v/v ethanol in water.
- the ethanol solution is 60-80% v/v ethanol in water.
- the ethanol solution is 60-70% v/v ethanol in water.
- an ethanol solution that is 6 to 15 times the weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal material is refluxed for extraction.
- an ethanol solution 6 to 10 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicine is refluxed for extraction.
- the extraction time is 20 minutes to 5 hours.
- the extraction time is 30 minutes to 4 hours.
- the extraction time is 1 hour to 4 hours.
- the extraction time is 1h-3h.
- the present invention provides a health care product, comprising the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine composition or the above-mentioned combination of Chinese medicine extracts.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation, including the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine composition or the traditional Chinese medicine extract, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical preparation includes decoction, pill, capsule, tablet, powder, granule or oral liquid.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include diluents, disintegrants, lubricants, flow agents, plasticizers, colorants, sweeteners, viscosity enhancers, preservatives or antioxidants one or more.
- the present invention provides the application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition or the combination of traditional Chinese medicine extracts or the pharmaceutical preparation in the preparation of medicines for preventing or treating brain diseases.
- the brain diseases include diseases related to cerebral ischemic injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
- the brain disease includes cerebral arteriosclerosis, stroke, sequelae of stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
- Cerebral ischemic disease or vascular dementia or Parkinson's disease are refractory diseases, although there are many other medicines for preventing and treating cerebral ischemic disease or vascular dementia or Chinese patent medicine compound preparations for Parkinson's disease, such as Hua Tuozaizai Pills, Angong Niuhuang Pills, and Shenwu Capsules are generally large compound prescriptions. These traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions have multiple flavors (mostly composed of more than 8 traditional Chinese medicines) and complex ingredients. It is difficult to effectively control the quality of their products in practical applications.
- the inventors of the present invention overcome the prejudice of the prior art, and combine ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn three-flavored medicines, and its effect on Cerebral ischemic disease or vascular dementia or Parkinson's disease can achieve a very good therapeutic effect.
- the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn of the present invention is better than a single medicine or a combination of two, showing a synergistic effect.
- the synergistic therapeutic effect is far beyond the general expectations of those skilled in the art.
- the inventors of the present invention have not only obtained a small compound formula consisting of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn, which has very significant beneficial effects in the treatment of brain diseases, and the compound formula Security is also quite high.
- the compound prescription composed of ginseng, Polygonum multiflorum, and Ginkgo biloba has the effect of treating Parkinson's disease, although it is the same as the present invention, it is also obtained by combining ginseng, Polygonum multiflorum or Ginkgo biloba that can treat Parkinson-related diseases.
- the formula is simple (the quality of the small compound is more controllable), and the composition of the traditional Chinese medicine is relatively clear (comparative example 7).
- the therapeutic effect (even slightly stronger), and the traditional Chinese medicine composition of the present invention is safer such as has lower liver toxicity, and no obvious side effects of coagulation disorders.
- the compound recipe composed of ginseng, Polygonum multiflorum, and Ginkgo biloba has very obvious side effects of coagulation disorders. It is not conducive to long-term use by patients, especially not suitable for patients with hemorrhagic stroke, patients with hemorrhage, and patients with liver and kidney heterogeneity damage.
- Figure 1 is the effect of traditional Chinese medicine composition on the behavioral score of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 2A is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the high-dose group on the cerebral infarction area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 2B is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the low-dose group on the cerebral infarction area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 3A is the protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the high-dose group on neurons in the CA area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 3B is the protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition of the low-dose group on neurons in the CA area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 4 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the time to reach the platform (space exploration and learning ability) in the water maze of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 5 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the times of reaching the platform (spatial memory) in the water maze in rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Fig. 6A is the immunofluorescence measurement result of the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the number of new neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of the rat brain with MCAO cerebral ischemia.
- Fig. 6B is a histogram of the number of new neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia caused by the traditional Chinese medicine composition.
- Fig. 7 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the neovascularization value of cerebral cortex tissue of MCAO cerebral ischemia rats.
- Fig. 8 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the time that Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice stay on the rotarod.
- Fig. 9 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the frequency of turning in circles in Parkinson's disease (PD) model rats.
- Fig. 10 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the content of dopamine in rat striatum.
- Fig. 11 is the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the tremor behavior of mice induced by oxytremorine.
- Figure 12 shows the improvement effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurocortical cells induced by A ⁇ amyloid peptide.
- compositions and methods include the recited elements, but do not exclude others.
- Consisting essentially of means excluding other elements that are essential to the combination.
- a composition consisting essentially of certain elements, as defined herein does not exclude other elements which have no material effect on the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention.
- Consisting of means excluding other components and method steps of essential significance beyond the recited measures. Embodiments defined by each transitional clause are within the scope of the invention.
- extract refers to the crude extract of Chinese herbal medicines and/or specific solvent-soluble extracts of the crude extracts, which can be in the form of solutions, concentrates and powders. form.
- extract refers to an extract obtained by extracting Chinese medicinal materials using water or an organic solvent.
- extracts obtained using extraction solvents such as ethanol, ether, water, etc. may be used.
- the extraction solvent is ethanol or a combination thereof.
- combination of Chinese medicine extracts refers to both a mixture of extracts obtained by extracting individual Chinese medicinal materials or herbal medicines, and an extract obtained by extracting a mixture of Chinese medicinal materials or herbal medicines.
- composition may refer to a single compound, or may refer to a combination of at least two compounds.
- the composition may contain active ingredients extracted from Chinese herbal medicines and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- a “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is a diluent, adjuvant, excipient or vehicle with which the composition is administered.
- Pharmaceutical carriers include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like that are physiologically compatible.
- examples of pharmaceutical carriers include, but are not limited to, sterile liquids such as water, oils and lipids such as phospholipids and glycolipids.
- sterile fluids include, but are not limited to, those derived from petroleum, animal, vegetable, or synthetic sources, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, and the like.
- compositions according to the invention can be used as nutraceuticals or nutraceuticals, in particular as medicines.
- the term "nutraceutical product” denotes any product having a nutritional and/or physiological effect, including in particular food supplements, food products, dietary products and the like. These products can be administered in particular via oral, gastric or intravenous routes.
- the term "nutraceutical” means any product having a beneficial effect on health, prophylaxis or treatment, whether the effect is physiological or pharmacological, especially a drug, pharmaceutical product. These products can be administered in particular via oral, gastric, intravenous or dermal routes.
- Each of the traditional Chinese medicines in the disclosed composition is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, which is described in detail in "Chinese Pharmacopoeia” and “Chinese Materia Medica”, and can be easily obtained through commercial channels.
- the present invention has no special restrictions on the origin and sources of these Chinese medicinal materials, as long as they comply with relevant national standards or regulations.
- administering means that the composition may be administered orally, by injection, by infusion, parenterally, intravenously, mucosally, sublingually, intramuscularly, intradermally, nasally, intraperitoneally, intraarterially, subcutaneously or by any other combination of existing techniques. Dosing is complete. In one embodiment of the invention, the administration is systemic.
- the dosage forms containing the Chinese medicine extract include decoction, pill (honeyed pill, water pill, pasted pill, wax pill, concentrated pill), powder, ointment (cream, ointment, plaster), elixir, liquor , syrup, extract, lozenge, dew, gel, tea, nail, stick, suppository, song, paste, cake, liniment, oil, thread (drug thread), Strips (medicated twist), ironing agent, sunburn agent, smoke agent, tablet, granule, bag, oral liquid, capsule, drop pill, mixture, tincture, aerosol, enema, film (film) agents), nasal preparations (nose drops, nasal sprays), injections, etc.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprising the traditional Chinese medicine extract described in the present disclosure can be formulated as a solid preparation for oral administration.
- it can be prepared as tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, etc., and these solid preparations can be prepared by combining Chinese medicine extracts containing it with at least one excipient such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, gelatin, etc. Mix to prepare.
- lubricants such as magnesium stearate may be used together instead of excipients alone.
- the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated as liquid preparations for oral administration such as suspensions, liquids for internal use, emulsions, syrups and the like.
- excipients other than water and liquid paraffin such as humectants, sweeteners, flavoring agents, preservatives and the like can be used to formulate liquid preparations.
- crude medicine refers to raw medicinal materials or herbal decoction pieces.
- the combined extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure to 1 g crude drug/mL extract; then vacuum-dried at 0.07 MPa and 60° C. to obtain 11.9 kg of total extract (RD) of ginseng rehmannia glutinosa compound.
- ginseng extract 50 kg was crushed through wicker and sieved into coarse powder, refluxed and extracted three times with ethanol aqueous solution (60% v/v) of 10 times, 8 times and 8 times the weight of the Chinese medicinal material, each time for 2 hours, after filtering the extract, The three extracts were combined. The combined extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure to 1 g crude drug/mL extract, and then vacuum-dried at 0.07 MPa and 60° C. to obtain 6.8 kg of ginseng extract (Rs).
- Hawthorn 100kg is pulverized and sieved into coarse powder by wicker, refluxed and extracted three times with ethanol aqueous solution (60% v/v) of 10 times, 8 times and 8 times the weight of the Chinese herbal medicine, each time for 2 hours, after filtering the extract, The three extracts were combined. The combined extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure to 1 g crude drug/mL extract, and then vacuum-dried at 0.07 MPa and 60° C. to obtain 11.2 kg of hawthorn extract (Sz).
- Example 5 Effect Test of Traditional Chinese Medicine Composition on Preventing and Treating Cerebral Ischemic Disease or Vascular Dementia
- Newborn cells were labeled by intraperitoneal injection of BrdU 3 days before drug withdrawal, using NeuN (a marker of mature neurons) as an endogenous marker of neurogenesis and CD36 (a marker of mature vascular endothelial cells) as an endogenous marker of angiogenesis. Markers, immunofluorescence detection of neuron regeneration (NeuN + /BrdU + positive cells) and angiogenesis (CD + /BrdU + positive cells) in rat brain after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
- NeuN a marker of mature neurons
- CD36 a marker of mature vascular endothelial cells
- Model group rats treated with MCAO method + 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution given as a vehicle at a volume of 10 ml/kg.
- Dh group Rats treated with MCAO method+administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 5 by intragastric administration;
- Sz group the rats treated with MCAO method+gavage the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 6;
- RD group Rats treated with MCAO method + intragastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 1;
- RS group Rats treated with MCAO method + intragastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 2;
- RDS1 group Rats treated with MCAO method+gastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 1;
- RDS2 group rats treated with MCAO method+gavage the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 2;
- RDS3 group Rats treated with MCAO method+gastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 4;
- FRY group Rats treated with MCAO method + intragastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 7.
- the drug preparation method during administration in each administration group is: calculate and weigh the required amount of each extract according to the amount of crude drug, and add 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution to prepare according to the administration capacity of 10ml/kg into a suspension and administered by intragastric administration.
- the administration volume of 10ml/kg refers to the administration of 10mL of the drug solution according to the weight of rats of 1kg.
- the measurement method of the behavioral score is: 24 hours after the modeling, the neurological deficit score is implemented for all animals, and the scores are divided into six grades according to the scoring standard established by Longa et al. (1) No neurological damage, 0 points; (2) ) the left front paw cannot be fully extended, mild neurological deficit, score 1 point; (3) when walking, the rat turns in circles to the left, moderate neurological deficit, scoring 2 points; (4) when walking, the rat Leaning to the left side, with moderate neurological deficit, score 3 points; (5) unable to walk spontaneously, with loss of consciousness, score 4 points; (6) animal death, score 5 points. Included experiments with a neurological score of 1-4.
- the three single traditional Chinese medicines of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn, their two-two combinations and their compound combination in the present invention can all improve the neurobehavioral score of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has the best effect. If one or both of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn are removed, the effect is not as good as the combination of the three. It can be seen that the composition composed of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn of the present invention can significantly reduce the neurobehavioral score of rats, and has a synergistic effect.
- the three single traditional Chinese medicines of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn, their two-two combinations and the compound combination of the three in the present invention can significantly reduce the cerebral infarction area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury, and play a significant role in improving it.
- the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has the best effect. If one or both of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn are removed, the effect is not as good as the combination of the three. It can be seen that the composition composed of ginseng, Rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has a synergistic effect on improving the cerebral infarction area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- the method for measuring neuronal protection in the CA area is:
- Ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa, and hawthorn three single-flavored traditional Chinese medicines in the present invention can all significantly increase the number of surviving neurons in the CA area of MCAO cerebral ischemia-injured rats, and play a role in significantly improving neurological function.
- Protective effects. Among them, the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has the best effect. If one or both of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn are removed, the effect is not as good as the combination of the three. It can be seen that the composition composed of ginseng, Rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has a synergistic effect on improving the survival and protection of neurons in the CA area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury.
- Orientation navigation test tests the learning and memory ability of animals:
- the Morris water maze test was started after 30 minutes of administration on the 9th day after the operation. Each rat was trained 3 times a day, that is, 3 water entry points were trained every day. The interval was 2-3h, and the test lasted 5d.
- the composition composed of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn can significantly shorten the time to reach the plateau in MCAO cerebral ischemic injury rats (improve learning ability), and the single Chinese medicine of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn and their two-two Both the combination and the compound combination of the three can significantly improve the learning ability of MCAO cerebral ischemia rats.
- the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has the best effect. If one or both of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn are removed, the effect is not as good as the combination of the three.
- the composition composed of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn shows a synergistic effect on improving the learning and memory ability of MCAO cerebral ischemia rats.
- composition composed of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn of the present invention can significantly improve the number of times (spatial memory ability) across the maze platform in MCAO cerebral ischemic injury rats, and has a significant improvement effect on learning and memory ability, reaching synergistic effect.
- the method for measuring the microvascular neovascularization value in the rat cerebral cortex area is as follows: 3 days before drug withdrawal, BrdU-labeled newborn cells are injected intraperitoneally, and CD36 (a marker of mature vascular endothelial cells) is used as a marker of endogenous angiogenesis to detect the deficiency by immunofluorescence.
- Angiogenesis (CD + /BrdU + positive cells) in rat brain after blood reperfusion injury.
- Example 6 Effect test of traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating Parkinson's disease
- Model group Probenecid (250mg/kg) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 25mg/kg) combined with intraperitoneal injection of C57BL/6 mice for 5 weeks (2 times a week)+gavage 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution of 10ml/kg;
- Dh group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 5;
- RD group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 1;
- RS group PD model mice + gavage with the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 2;
- DS group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 3;
- RDS1 group PD model mice + gavage administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 1;
- RDS2 group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 2;
- RDS3 group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 4;
- FRY group PD model mice + orally administered the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Comparative Example 7.
- the drug preparation method during administration in each administration group is: calculate and weigh the required amount of each extract according to the amount of crude drug, and add 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution according to the administration capacity of 10ml/kg Prepared into a suspension and administered by intragastric administration.
- the administration volume of 10ml/kg refers to the administration of 10mL of the drug solution according to the weight of rats of 1kg.
- the rats received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopa (6-OHDA) (2 ⁇ g/ ⁇ L) 4 ⁇ L in the striatum to establish a PD model in male SD rats.
- 6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopa
- Animals in the sham operation group were injected with the same amount of normal saline.
- Divided into sham operation group, model group, dopaselazide group, different composition extract (equivalent to crude drug 10g/kg) group grouping of different composition extracts is the same as "1.1 The time that mice stay on the rotarod" part).
- APO apomorphine, 0.50 mg/kg
- Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the survival number of striatal injured neurons.
- the measurement method of striatum/brain index (mg/g) at the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed acutely, the brain tissue was separated, weighed precisely (to 0.001g), and then the tattooed body was separated and weighed precisely (to 0.1mg ), the striatum/brain index (mg/g) was obtained by striatum weight/brain weight.
- Normal control group continuous intragastric administration of distilled water (10ml/kg/day) for 2 weeks + mice given a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% normal saline (0.3ml/only);
- Model group 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution was continuously orally administered (10ml/kg/day) for 2 weeks (the mice were given 1 day before modeling) + mice were given benzyloxytremorine (0.15mg/kg ) single intraperitoneal injection;
- Drug group different compositions are formulated with 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution to be equivalent to the suspension of crude drug 1g/ml for continuous intragastric administration (10g/kg/day) for 2 weeks (the mice just started 1 day before modeling) administration)+ mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection of benzyloxytremorine (0.15 mg/kg).
- Dopaserazide group (positive control drug group): Dopaserazide 65mg/kg/day orally administered for 2 weeks (the mice were given 1 day before model establishment) + mice were given benzyl oxide tremorin (0.15mg/kg/day) kg) single intraperitoneal injection.
- the drug preparation method during administration in each administration group is: calculate and weigh the required amount of each extract according to the amount of crude drug, and add 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution according to the administration capacity of 10ml/kg Prepared into a suspension and administered by intragastric administration.
- mice in the model group After intraperitoneal injection of 0.15 mg/kg oxytremorine, the mice in the model group showed obvious tremor behavior, and the tremor duration was significantly longer than that in the normal group. After the administration of the mice in the model group of the present invention, symptoms such as tremor, salivation, and restlessness were alleviated compared with the model group, and the tremor duration was significantly shortened compared with the model group. Dopaselazine equivalent.
- Oxotremorine is an M receptor agonist, which can cause severe muscle contraction and can simulate the tremor performance of the disease. Therefore, this model is also a necessary animal model for evaluating the efficacy of anti-Parkin's disease.
- the traditional Chinese medicine composition of the invention can significantly shorten the duration of animal tremors, showing a synergistic effect.
- Example 8 Effects on A ⁇ amyloid peptide-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons
- Newborn SD rat suckling mice were used to isolate primary hippocampal neurons for primary culture. After 48 hours, aging-treated A ⁇ amyloid peptide (A2-35, final concentration of 10 ⁇ mol/L) was added to induce apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. At the same time, the extracts of different compositions were added at a final concentration of 5 or 20 ⁇ g/ml (equivalent to the concentration of the crude drug) for treatment, and the model group was only added with the same volume of vehicle. In the normal control group, no A ⁇ amyloid peptide and drugs were added, and only an equal volume of vehicle was added.
- Neurons were collected after 24 hours of treatment, and the apoptosis rate of neurons was detected by flow cytometry for comparison.
- the three single traditional Chinese medicines of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn in the present invention, their two-two combinations and the three compound combinations can all significantly inhibit the apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurocortical cells induced by A ⁇ amyloid peptide, and reduce the neuron apoptosis rate. play a significant role in neuroprotection.
- the combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has the best effect. If one or both of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn are removed, the effect is not as good as the combination of the three.
- composition composed of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn has a synergistic effect on inhibiting A ⁇ amyloid peptide-induced apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurocortical cells and protecting neurons from damage.
- mice There were 10 mice in each group, half male and half male. After being fed for one week, different compositions were administered continuously for 30 days. Blood was collected to detect the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in liver function, and compared them.
- the medicine used in the medicine group is the same as in Example 5.
- mice There were 20 mice in each group, half male and half male. After feeding for one week, different compositions were administered continuously for 14 days, blood was collected to detect coagulation function (prothrombin time), and the results were compared.
- the medicine used in the medicine group is the same as in Example 5.
- Example 11 Comparative test of the effect of water-repellent extract and alcohol extract of traditional Chinese medicine composition on preventing and treating cerebral ischemic disease or Parkinson's disease
- the RDS2 water group refers to the rats treated with MCAO method+gastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 3;
- RDS2 group refers to the rats treated with MCAO method + intragastric administration of the traditional Chinese medicine extract prepared in Example 2.
- the water extract and ethanol extract of the compound combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn in the present invention can improve the neurobehavioral score of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury. There is no significant difference between the two.
- the detection method of cerebral infarction area is the same as before, and the results are shown in Table 8.
- the water extract and ethanol extract of the compound combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn in the present invention can significantly reduce the cerebral infarction area of rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury, and obviously improve the effect. No significant difference.
- Orientation navigation test tests the learning and memory ability of animals:
- the method is the same as before.
- the water extract and ethanol extract of the compound combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn in the present invention can significantly reduce the time for MCAO cerebral ischemic injury rats to cross the maze and reach the platform, and play a significant role in improving. no significant difference in efficacy.
- the water extract and ethanol extract of the compound combination of ginseng, rehmannia glutinosa and hawthorn in the present invention can significantly increase the number of times that rats with MCAO cerebral ischemia injury pass through the maze, and obviously improve learning and memory. There was no significant difference in efficacy.
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Abstract
一种防治脑部疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用，中药组合物的原料为：人参、熟地黄、山楂，可用于治疗脑缺血、血管性痴呆、阿尔兹海默症、帕金森、脑动脉硬化、中风、多发性硬化症等疾病。
Description
本发明属于生物医药领域，涉及一种防治脑部疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
脑损伤是一多因素致病的综合性脑疾病，脑损伤相关疾病包括脑卒中、中风后遗症、血管性痴呆和脑识知障碍性疾病、帕金森病、多发硬化病等神经退行性疾病。脑卒中主要分为缺血性中风和出血性中风二大类，是威胁人类健康的重要杀手，在中老年人群发病率很高。全国脑卒中(中风)病人估计约1200万，其中60～80％为有缺血性中风病人，高达近9百万人，全球更是高4千多万人以上，而且发病年龄是越趋年轻化，70％以上中风病人丧失劳动能力，严重损害社会劳动力和创造力。
老年痴呆是老年常见的识知障碍性疾病，包括有血管性痴呆(Vascular Dementia，VD)和老年性痴呆(Alzheimer disease，AD)等不同类型。血管性痴呆是老年痴呆的一种重要类型，也是脑中风的主要后遗症之一，在缺血性脑血管疾病患者中相当普遍，在60岁以上人群中患病率可达10％以上，严重影响老年人生活质量。随着我国人口的逐渐老龄化，脑中风和VD患者在不断增加。
国内每年用于脑中风后遗症和老年性痴呆的治疗费用高达上1000多亿元，全球更是高达近千亿美元，给家庭社会带来沉重负担。但迄今为止，对这些疾病尚无特效的治疗和预防药物。
脑损伤病因包括缺血、炎症、氧化应激损伤、神经和血管组织损伤、神经结构功能破坏，接头部神经递质合成减少等等、需要多层次、多环节、多靶点全面调节抗炎、抗氧化应激、促进神经和血管再生和修复、恢复其正常神经结构和功能，才能有效地控制直至治愈这种疾病。因此，寻找多靶点起效、低毒、质量可控、体现中医药整体治疗作用的抗脑缺血损伤、防治脑损伤和识知障碍的中药成为当前一个重要的研究课题。
发明内容
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了一种中药组合物，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括：人参10～40重量份、熟地黄40～120重量份、山楂20～50重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括人参10～30重量份、熟地黄40～110重量份、山楂20～45重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括人参15～30重量份、熟地黄50～110重量份、山楂20～40重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～40重量份、熟地黄40～120重量份、山楂20～50重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～30重量份、熟地黄40～60重量份、山楂20～40重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～25重量份、熟地黄45～60重量份、山楂20～35重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～20重量份、熟地黄50～60重量份、山楂20～30重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～18重量份、熟地黄53～60重量份、山楂25～30重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参12.5重量份、熟地黄62.5重量份、山楂25重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参14重量份、熟地黄58重量份、山楂28重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参20重量份、熟地黄60重量份、山楂20重量份。
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了一种中药提取物的组合，所述组合包括：人参提取物10～40重量份、熟地黄提取物20～80重量份、山楂提取物20～50重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述组合包括：人参提取物10～30重量份、熟地黄提取物40～110重量份、山楂提取物20～45重量份。
在一些实施方式中，所述组合包括：人参提取物15～30重量份、熟地黄提取物50～110重量份、山楂提取物20～40重量份。
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了一种制备所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物的组合的方法，包括以下步骤：按重量比例取各原料药，提取，过滤、真空干燥即得所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物组合。
在一些实施方式中，所述提取包括浸渍提取、煎煮提取、回流提取、渗漉提取或超声提取中的任意一种，提取次数为1～5次。
在一些实施方式中，所述提取次数为2～5次。
在一些实施方式中，所述提取次数为2～4次。
在一些实施方式中，所述方法包括以下步骤：按重量比例取各原料药，用溶媒回流提取1～5次，每次提取加入的所述溶媒的质量为所述原料药质量的1～15倍，每次5min～5h，过滤，合并提取液，真空干燥即得所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物组合。
在一些实施方式中，所述溶媒包括水或乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述人参、熟地黄、山楂组合的提取物为乙醇提取物或水提取物。
在一些实施方式中，所述人参、熟地黄、山楂组合的提取物为乙醇提取物。
在一些实施方式中，所述人参、熟地黄、山楂组合的提取物的制备方法包括：按重量比例取各原料药材，粉碎成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的4～15倍的乙醇溶液回流提取1～5次，过滤、合并提取液，真空干燥即得所述的提取物。
在一些实施方式中，所述真空干燥的条件为0.07-0.1MPa，40～80℃。
在一些实施方式中，所述真空干燥的条件为0.07-0.09MPa，40～70℃。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为40-100％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为50-100％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为50-80％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为60-90％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为60-80％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，所述乙醇溶液为60-70％v/v的乙醇水溶液。
在一些实施方式中，以所述中药材重量的6～15倍的乙醇溶液回流提取。
在一些实施方式中，以所述中药材重量的6～10倍的乙醇溶液回流提取。
在一些实施方式中，所述的提取时间为20min～5h。
在一些实施方式中，所述的提取时间为30min～4h。
在一些实施方式中，所述的提取时间为1h～4h。
在一些实施方式中，所述的提取时间为1h～3h。
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了一种保健品，包括所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物的组合。
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了一种药物制剂，包括所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物的组合，以及药学上可接受的辅料。
在一些实施方式中，所述的药物制剂的剂型包括汤剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、散剂、颗粒剂或口服液。
在一些实施方式中，所述药学上可接受的辅料包括稀释剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、流动剂、塑化剂、着色剂、甜味剂、黏度增强剂、保存剂或抗氧化剂中的一种或多种。
在一些实施方式中，本发明提供了所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物的组合或所述的药物制剂在制备预防或治疗脑部疾病的药物中的应用。
在一些实施方式中，所述脑部疾病包括脑缺血损伤相关疾病、神经退行性疾病。
在一些实施方式中，所述脑部疾病包括脑动脉硬化、中风、中见风后遗症、Alzheimer病、帕金森病和多发性硬化症。
脑缺血疾病或血管性痴呆或帕金森疾病属于难治性疾病，目前虽已有其它多个用于防治脑缺血疾病或血管性痴呆的药物或帕金森疾病的中成药复方制剂，如华佗再造丸、安宫牛黄丸、参乌胶囊等普遍都是大复方，这些中药复方，有多味(大部分多于8味中药组成)，成分复杂，实际应用中其产品质量不易获得有效控制，最终将影响产品临床疗效的稳定；且用于制备药物制剂时无效组分太多，服用量大，剂型不能多样化，不利于大规模生产上市，应用受到限制。
对于目前这些难治性的脑部疾病，在现有技术的基础上，为了达到理想的治疗效果，本领域技术人员可能会普遍认为需要大复方才能够改善治疗效果。而中药材中具有抗脑缺血损伤作用的单味中药约有近百余种，如人参、灯盏花、三七、山楂、丹参、川芎、何首乌、黄芪等。
在一些实施方案中，在有诸多组合需要探索，而药效又无法简单预期的前提下，本发明的发明人克服了现有技术的偏见，将人参、熟地黄和山楂三味药组合后其对脑缺血疾病或血管性痴呆或帕金森疾病能够达到非常好的治疗效果，本发明的这种人参、熟地黄和山楂的组合比单味药、两两组合的效果都要好，显示出了协同增效的治疗效果，这远远超出本领域技术人员的普遍预期。也就是说，仅仅是三味中药组成的中药复方即可实现脑缺血疾病或血管性痴呆的药物或帕金森疾病的治疗，相对于现有的大复方而言，其产品质量更易获得有效控制，有利于大规模推广使用，具有极大的现实意义。
在一些实施方案中，本发明的发明人不仅获得了含人参、熟地黄和山楂三味药组成的小复方，所述小复方在治疗脑部疾病方面具有非常显著的有益效果，并且所述复方的安全性也是相当较高的。如由人参、制何首乌、银杏叶组成的复方具有治疗帕金森疾病的作用，虽然其与本发明一样，也是分别由可以治疗帕金森相关疾病的人参、制何首乌或银杏叶进行组合得到的这种配方简单(小复方质量更可控)、成分比较清楚的中药组合物(对比例7)，但是本发明的组合物的效果与其相比，不仅可以达到人参、制何首乌和银杏叶组成的配方的的治疗效果(甚至稍微要强一些)，并且本发明的中药组合物更安全如具有更低的肝毒性，以及无明显的凝血障碍副作用。但是人参、制何首乌、银杏叶组成的复方具有非常明显的凝血障碍副作用。不利于患者长期服用，特别不适于出血型脑中风患者和有出血倾血的患者和肝肾异质性损伤患者使用。
图1为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠行为评分的影响。
图2A为高剂量组中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积的影响。
图2B为低剂量组中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积的影响。
图3A为高剂量组中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠CA区神经元的保护作用。
图3B为低剂量组中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠CA区神经元的保护作用。
图4为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠水迷宫到达平台时间(空间探索学习能力)的影响。
图5为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠水迷宫到达平台次数(空间记忆)的影响。
图6A为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血大鼠大脑海马CA1区新生神经元数的影响的免疫荧光测定结果。
图6B为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血大鼠大脑海马CA1区新生神经元数的影响的神经元数目柱状统计图。
图7为中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血大鼠大脑皮质组织新生血管值的影响。
图8为中药组合物对帕金森病(PD)模型小鼠停留在转棒的时间的影响。
图9为中药组合物对帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠转圈频率的影响。
图10为中药组合物对大鼠纹状体多巴胺含量的影响。
图11为中药组合物对氧化震颤素致小鼠震颤行为的影响。
图12为中药组合物对Aβ淀粉肽诱导大鼠海马神经皮质细胞凋亡的改善作用。
以下通过具体的实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案，具体实施例不代表对本发明保护范围的限制。其他人根据本发明理念所做出的一些非本质的修改和调整仍属于本发明的保护范围。
正本文使用的那样，术语“包括”意指组合物和方法包括列举的元素，但未将其他的排除在外。当用来定义组成和方法时，“基本由…组成”意指排除对这一组合具有本质意义的其他元素。例如，正如于此定义的那样，基本由某些元素组成的成分并不排除其它对所要求发明的基本和新颖特点没有本质影响的其它元素。“由…组成”意味着排除超过所列举的衡量的其它组分和本质意义的方法步骤。每个过渡条款所界定的实施方案均在本发明范围内。
除非另作说明，正如于此使用的那样，单数形式“一(a，an)”和“所述(the)”，包括复数例证。因而，如提到“一个组合物”也包括其复数“一些组合物”。
本文中的术语“提取物”是指中药材的粗提取物并且/或者所述粗提取物的特定溶剂-可溶提取物(solvent-soluble extract)，其可以是以溶液、浓缩物和粉末的形式。
术语“提取物”是指通过使用水或有机溶剂提取中药材而获得的提取物。一些实施例中，可以使用提取溶剂如乙醇、乙醚、水等获得的提取物。一些实施例中，提取溶剂为乙醇或其组合。
本公开中的术语“中药提取物组合”既指分别通过提取各个中药材或草药得到的提取物的混合物，又指通过提取中药材或者草药的混合物而得到的提取物。
术语“药物组合物”可以指单一化合物，或者可以指至少两种化合物的组合。例如，组合物可以包含从中药材中提取到的活性成分和药学上可接受的载体。
“药学上可接受的载体”为与之一起给予组合物的稀释剂、助剂、赋形剂或媒介物。药物载体包括任何和所有生理上相容的溶剂、分散介质、包衣、等渗剂和吸收延迟剂等。药物载体的实例包括但不限于无菌液体，例如水、油和脂质，例如磷脂和糖脂。这些无菌液体包括但不限于衍生自石油、动物、蔬菜或合成来源的那些物质，例如花生油、豆油、矿物油、芝 麻油等。
根据本发明的组合物可用作营养产品或保健品，特别作为药物。
术语“营养产品”表示具有营养和/或生理效应的任何产品，尤其包含食品增补剂、食品、饮食产品等。这些产品可特别经由口腔、胃或静脉途径施用。
术语“保健品”表示对健康、预防或治疗具有有益效果的任何产品，无论该效果是生理性的或药理性的，特别是药物、制药产品。这些产品可特别经由口腔、胃、静脉或皮肤途径施用。
本公开组合物中的各中药都是常用中药，在《中国药典》以及《中华本草》等中均有详细的记载，并且都可以通过商业途径容易地获得。本发明对这些中药材的产地来源等并无特别限制，只要符合相关国家标准或规定即可。
“给药”指组合物可能通过口服、注射、输液、肠外、静脉、粘膜、舌下、肌内、皮内、鼻腔、腹腔、动脉内、皮下或通过任意其他与现有技术相结合的给药方式完成。在本发明的一个实施例中，给药是系统性的。
一些实施方式中，包含所述中药提取物的剂型有汤剂、丸剂(蜜丸、水丸、糊丸、蜡丸、浓缩丸)、散剂、膏剂(膏滋、软膏、膏药)、丹剂、酒剂、糖浆剂、浸膏剂、锭剂、露剂、胶剂、茶剂、钉剂、棒剂、栓剂、曲剂、糊剂、糕剂、洗搽剂、油剂、线剂(药线)、条剂(药捻)、熨剂、炙剂、烟剂、片剂、冲剂、袋泡剂、口服液剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、合剂、酊剂、气雾剂、灌肠剂、膜剂(薄膜剂)、鼻用制剂(滴鼻剂、喷鼻剂)、针剂等。
一些实施例中，包含本公开所述的中药提取物的药物组合物可以配制为固体制剂用于口服施用。例如,其可以制备为片剂、丸剂、粉末、颗粒、胶囊等，并且这些固体制剂可以通过将含有其的中药提取物与至少一种赋形剂如淀粉、碳酸钙、蔗糖或乳糖、明胶等混合来制备。此外，可以一起使用润滑剂如硬脂酸镁，而不是单个赋形剂。此外，药物组合物可以配制为用于口服的液体制剂如悬浮液、用于内用的液体、乳液、糖浆等。除了水和液体石蜡之外的各种赋形剂如湿润剂(humectants)、甜味剂、增香剂、防腐剂等可以用于配制液体制剂。
本文中，“生药”指的是原始药材或药材饮片。
实施例1 中药复方的总提取物1(RDS1)的制备
取人参12.5kg、、熟地黄62.5kg和山楂25kg(人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：5：2)的中药材原料共100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次提取2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药(即加入的原始药材)/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到中药复方总提取物1(RDS1)10.2kg。
实施例2 中药复方的总提取物2(RDS2)的制备
取人参14kg、熟地黄58kg、山楂28kg(人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：4：2)的中药材原料共100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次提取2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到中药复方总提取物2-1(RDS2)10.1kg。
实施例3 中药复方的水总提取物(RDS2水)的制备
取人参14kg、熟地黄58kg、山楂28kg(人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：4：2)的中药材原料共100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的 水分别回流提取三次，每次提取2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到中药复方总提取物2-1(RDS2水)15.1kg。
实施例4 中药复方的总提取物3(RDS3)的制备
取人参20kg、熟地黄60kg、山楂20kg(人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：3：1)的中药材原料共100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次提取2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到中药复方总提取物3(RDS3)10.6kg。
对比例1 无山楂的人参熟地黄中药复方的总提取物(RD)的制备
将人参20kg、熟地黄80kg的中药材原料共100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液；然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到人参熟地黄复方总提取物(RD)11.9kg。
对比例2 无熟地黄的人参山楂中药复方的总提取物(RS)的制备
将人参33.3kg、山楂66.7kg的中药材原料共组合物100kg，粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液；然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到人参山楂复方总提取物(RS)12.5kg。
对比例3 无人参的熟地黄山楂中药复方的总提取物(DS)的制备
将熟地黄66.7kg、山楂33.3kg的中药材原料100kg粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到熟地黄山楂复方总提取物(DS)11.3kg。
对比例4 人参提取物(Rs)的制备
将人参50kg粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到人参提取物(Rs)6.8kg。
对比例5 熟地黄提取物(Dh)的制备
将熟地黄100kg粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到熟地黄提取物(Dh)11.6kg。
对比例6 山楂提取物(Sz)的制备
将山楂100kg粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到山楂提取物(Sz)11.2kg。
对比例7 中药复方(FRY)的总提取物的制备
取人参20kg、制何首乌30kg、银杏叶40kg(人参、制何首乌和银杏叶的重量比为 1:1.5:2))的中药材原料共90kg，粉碎过柳条筛成粗粉，以所述中药材重量的10倍、8倍和8倍的乙醇水溶液(60％v/v)分别回流提取三次，每次提取2h，过滤提取液后，合并3次的提取液。将合并后的提取液真空减压浓缩至1g生药/mL提取液，然后于0.07MPa，60℃下真空干燥得到中药复方总提取物(FRY)10.8kg。
实施例5 中药组合物防治脑缺血疾病或血管性痴呆的效果测试
1、实验方法
250～280g成年大鼠，MCAO法制备脑缺血模型，随机分组，雌雄各半，模型溶媒给药组20只，正常假手术对照组15只，其余各组每组10只，分别给予不同组的药物低剂量(5g生药/kg体重)和高剂量(10g生药/kg体重)，每天灌胃给药一次，连续给药14天，进行神经学评分，停药24小时后处死动物，分离大脑组织，进行病理学检测，检测脑部炎症情况，并进行统计学分析。其中，给药期间第3天开始进行水迷宫实验检测5次，检测空间探索能力和空间记忆能力等学习记忆能力。停药前3天腹腔内注射BrdU标记新生细胞，使用NeuN(成熟神经元的标记物)作为内源性神经发生的标记物和CD36(成熟血管内皮细胞的标记物)作为内源性血管发生的标记物，免疫荧光检测缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠脑内神经元再生(NeuN
+/BrdU
+阳性细胞)和血管再生(CD
+/BrdU
+阳性细胞)的情况。
实验分组包括：
正常假手术组：只分离大脑中动脉，不作结扎，再按10ml/kg的容量给予溶媒0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液。
模型组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+按10ml/kg的容量给予溶媒0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液。
Rs组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例4制备的中药提取物；
Dh组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例5制备的中药提取物；
Sz组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例6制备的中药提取物；
RD组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例1制备的中药提取物；
RS组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例2制备的中药提取物；
DS组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例3制备的中药提取物；
RDS1组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予实施例1制备的中药提取物；
RDS2组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予实施例2制备的中药提取物；
RDS3组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予实施例4制备的中药提取物；
FRY组：MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予对比例7制备的中药提取物。
其中，各个给药组中的给药时的药物配制方法为：按生药量计算称取所需要量的各提取物，并按10ml/kg给药容量加0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液配制成混悬液，灌胃给药。
10ml/kg给药容量指的是：按照大鼠体重1kg，给予10mL药物溶液的量给药。
2、实验结果
2.1对MCAO脑缺血损伤的保护作用
2.1.1对MCAO脑缺血损伤行为评分(x±SD，n＝10)的影响
结果如表1和图1所示。
表1不同组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠行为评分的影响(x±SD，n＝10)
注：与正常假手术组比较，**P<0.01；与模型组比较，
##P<0.01；#指的是与模型组比较P<0.05；与RDS2组比较，
&P<0.05；
&&P<0.01，以下各个实施例表示方法相同。
行为评分的测定方法为：造模24h后，对所有动物实施神经功能缺陷评分，按照Longa等制定的评分标准将评分分为六个等级，(1)无神经功能损伤，记0分；(2)左侧前爪不能完全伸展，轻度神经功能缺损，记1分；(3)行走时，大鼠向左侧转圈，中度神经功能缺损，记2分；(4)行走时，大鼠向左侧倾倒，中度神经功能缺损，记3分；(5)不能自发行走，出现意识丧失，记4分；(6)动物死亡，记5分。神经功能评分为1-4分的纳入实验。
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三个单味中药、其二二组合及三者复方组合，均能够改善MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的神经行为评分。其中，人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好。将人参、熟地、山楂组合物中的一种或两种去掉，效果都没有三者组合的好。从中可以看出，本发明的人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物能够明显减少大鼠神经行为评分，具有协同增效作用。
2.1.2对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积的改善作用
脑梗死面积的测试使用本领域常规的检测方法检测，结果如图2A和图2B所示。
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三个单味中药、其二二组合及三者复方组合，均能够明显地减少MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的脑梗死面积，起到明显地改善作用。其中，人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好。将人参、熟地、山楂组合物中的一种或两种去掉，效果都没有三者组合的好。从中可以看出，本发明的这种人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物在改善MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积方面起到了协同增效的效果。
2.1.3对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠CA区神经元保护作用
结果如图3A和图3B所示。
注：*指的是与正常假手术组比较，**P<0.01；##指的是与模型组比较P<0.01；与RDS2组比较，
&P<0.05，
&&P<0.01
CA区神经元保护的测定方法为：
动物连续给药14天后，用戊巴比妥钠(600mg/kg B.W.)深度麻醉后进行心脏灌注，小心取出脑组织于4％PFA中固定24h，石蜡包埋后切成4μm的冠状切片，尼氏法染色，计算CA区尼氏体数目(存活神经元数)。
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三个单味中药、其二二组合及三者复方组合，均能够明显地增加MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的CA区存活神经元数，起到明显地神经保护作用。其中，人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好。将人参、熟地、山楂组合物中的一种或两种去掉，效果都没有三者组合的好。从中可以看出，本发明的这种人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物在改善MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠CA区神经元存活保护方面起到了协同增效的效果。
2.2对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠学习记忆能力的改善(Morris水迷宫试验)
定向航行试验(place navigation test)测试动物学习记忆能力：
手术后第8天让大鼠自由游泳2min以适应周围环境，术后第9天给药30min后开始Morris水迷宫测试，每只大鼠每天训练3次，即每天训练3个入水点，每次间隔2～3h，试验历时5d。
训练时随机选择入水点，将大鼠面向侧壁放入水中，待大鼠找到平台之后，让其在平台上停留10s，观察并记录大鼠寻找平台时间(latency of the rats to reach the platform)；如果大鼠在90s内未找到平台，需用手将其引至平台，这时潜伏期记为90s，连续5d。以寻找到达平台时间即潜伏期作为检测学习记忆的指标。
空间探索试验(spatial probe test)：
手术后14d进行空间探索实验。撤除平台，从离原平台所在象限最远的一个入水点将大鼠面向侧壁放入水中，记录大鼠90s内在原平台所在象限的探索路程和穿越平台次数以观察记忆能力。
2.2.1对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫到达平台时间的影响
结果如图4所示。
从图4可知，发明的人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物能够显著地缩短MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠寻找到达平台时间(学习能力改善)，人参、熟地、山楂单味中药和它们的二二组合及三者复方组合，均对MCAO脑缺血大鼠的学习能力有显著改善作用。其中，人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好。将人参、熟地、山楂组合物中的一种或两种去掉，效果都没有三者组合的好。本发明的人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物对MCAO脑缺血大鼠的学习记忆能力的改善显示出了协同增效的效果。
2.2.2对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫平台次数(N)的影响(相当记忆能力的作用)
结果如图5所示。
从结果中可以看出，本发明的人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物能够显著地提高MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫平台次数(空间记忆能力)，对学习记忆能力有显著改善作用，达到协同增效的效果。
2.3对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠神经再生的作用
结果如图6A-6B所示，可以看出，人参、熟地和山楂中的一种或几种组成的不同组合物均对MCAO脑缺血大脑海马CA1区神经元新生有促进作用，显著增加新生神经元数。同样人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好，显示出协同增效的效果。并且组合物中以人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：4：2那一组的效果最佳。
2.4对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠血管再生的作用
大鼠脑皮质区微血管新生值的测定方法为：停药前3天腹腔内注射BrdU标记新生细胞，使用CD36(成熟血管内皮细胞的标记物)作为内源性血管发生的标记物免疫荧光检测缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠脑内血管再生(CD
+/BrdU
+阳性细胞)的情况。
结果如图7所示。从图7可以看出，不同中药组合物对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的脑组织血管新生也有明显改善作用，显著增加脑组组血管新生。同样人参、熟地黄、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好，显示出协同增效的效果。并且组合物中以人参、熟地黄和山楂的重量比为1：4：2那一组的效果最佳。
实施例6 中药组合物防治帕金森病的效果测试
1、对转棒法行为学的影响
1.1小鼠停留在转棒的时间
1.1.1实验方法
采用丙磺舒和1-甲基-4-苯基-1、2、3、6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)联合腹腔注射C57BL/6小鼠5周(每周2次)制作小鼠慢性帕金森病(PD)模型，连续30d灌胃给予高剂量(10g/kg生药)的不同组合物治疗。最后通过转棒法检测小鼠运动能力。
实验分组包括：
正常组：丙磺舒腹腔注射(250mg/kg)C57BL/6小鼠5周(每周2次)+灌胃给予10ml/kg的0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
模型组：丙磺舒(250mg/kg)和1-甲基-4-苯基-1、2、3、6-四氢吡啶(MPTP，25mg/kg)联合腹腔注射C57BL/6小鼠5周(每周2次)+灌胃给予10ml/kg的0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
Rs组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例4制备的中药提取物；
Dh组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例5制备的中药提取物；
Sz组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例6制备的中药提取物；
RD组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例1制备的中药提取物；
RS组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例2制备的中药提取物；
DS组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例3制备的中药提取物；
RDS1组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予实施例1制备的中药提取物；
RDS2组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予实施例2制备的中药提取物；
RDS3组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予实施例4制备的中药提取物；
FRY组：PD模型的小鼠+灌胃给予对比例7制备的中药提取物。
其中，各个给药组中的给药时的药物配制方法为：按生药量计算称取所需要量的各提取物，并按10ml/kg的给药容量加0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液配制成混悬液，灌胃给药。
10ml/kg给药容量指的是：按照大鼠体重1kg，给予10mL药物溶液的量给药。
1.1.2实验结果
造模结束后的小鼠在转棒法行为测定中，随着转速的增大，小鼠在棒时间逐渐减少。结果如图8所示，在同一个转速(28转/min)下，与正常组对比，其他各组停留在转棒的时间明显减少，表明PD模型造模成功。
1.2大鼠侧向转圈频率
大鼠禁食12h后接受纹状体单侧注射6-羟基多巴(6-OHDA)(2μg/μL)4μL建立雄性SD大鼠PD模型。假手术组动物注射等量生理盐水。分假手术组、模型组、多巴丝肼组、不同组合物提取物(相当于生药10g/kg)组(不同组合物提取物分组同“1.1小鼠停留在转棒的时间”部分)。给药24d，末次给药1h后，按1mL/kg皮下注射APO(阿扑吗啡，0.50 mg/kg)激发大鼠向对健侧旋转，记录各组大鼠旋转圈数，从注射APO后第5min开始测定30min内的转圈圈数，计算转圈频率。实验结束后，进行动物腹主动脉取血后，大鼠断头取脑，冰上迅速剥离受损侧纹状体，称重，80℃冻存，计算损侧纹状体/脑指数，按照ELISA Kit中规定的方法测定纹状体中DA含量。
结果：如图9所示，与模型组相比，不同组合物提取物组转圈频率减少。
1.3对大鼠氧化应激诱发纹状体损伤的神经元存活数的影响
受损侧纹状体的获得见上述“1.2大鼠侧向转圈频率”实验部分。
酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组织化学染色法检测纹状体损伤的神经元存活数。
脑组织取材后常规固定脱水包埋，6μm冠状切片，以海马最大切面出现开始计，每组织取连续切片3片，经二甲苯脱蜡，100％，95％和80％乙醇直至水化，柠檬酸缓冲液微波抗原修复，3％H
2O
2灭活内源性过氧化氢酶，正常山羊血清室温封闭1h，滴加TH一抗(1∶1000)4℃孵育过夜，滴加HRP标记二抗室温孵育1h，DAB显色，入95％，100％乙醇进行脱水，二甲苯透明，中性树胶封片。ZEISS AXIO Cam软件对受损侧纹状体的神经元阳性细胞进行拍照计数。
结果如表2所示。
表2不同组合物对大鼠受损侧纹状体神经元存活数的影响(x±SD,n＝10)
2、对大鼠纹状体损伤、纹状体脑指数和多巴胺含量的影响
实验方法见上述“1.2大鼠侧向转圈频率”实验部分。
结果如表3和图10所示。其中中药提取物的给药剂量为10g(生药)/kg。
表3对大鼠纹状体/脑指数的影响(X±SD，n＝10)
| 组别 | 纹状体/脑指数(mg/g) |
| 正常组 | 41.5±8.6 |
| 模型组 | 6.1±6.3** |
| Rs组 | 23.1±13.6 ##& |
| Dh组 | 20.2±16.8 & |
| Sz组 | 18.2±12.2 & |
| RD组 | 24.5±9.3 ##& |
| RS组 | 28.2±11.9 ## |
| DS组 | 24.6±11.2 ##& |
| RDS1组 | 31.2±13.5 ## |
| RDS2组 | 37.8±11.53 ## |
| RDS3组 | 34.2±15.8 ## |
| FRY组10.0g/kg | 34.1±9.3 ## |
| 多巴丝肼50mg/kg | 34.6±16.1 ## |
纹状体/脑指数(mg/g)的测定方法：实验结束时，急性处死大鼠，分离大脑组织，精密称重(至0.001g)，再分离出纹身状体精密称重(至0.1mg)，用纹状体重量/大脑重量即得纹状体/脑指数(mg/g)。
实施例7 对氧化震颤素致小鼠震颤行为的影响
1、实验方法
(1)动物：ICR小鼠，雄性，清洁级，体重18±2g。
(2)试剂：氧化震颤素(Oxotremorin)。
(3)动物分组
正常对照组：蒸馏水连续灌胃(10ml/kg/天)2周+小鼠给予0.9％生理盐水单次腹腔注射(0.3ml/只)；
模型组：0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液连续灌胃(10ml/kg/天)2周(小鼠在造模前1天就开始给予)+小鼠给予槟氧化震颤素(0.15mg/kg)单次腹腔注射；
药物组：不同组合物用0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液配制成相当于生药1g/ml混悬液连续灌胃(10g/kg/天)2周(小鼠在造模前1天就开始给予)+小鼠给予槟氧化震颤素(0.15mg/kg)单次腹腔注射。
多巴丝肼组(阳性对照药组)：多巴丝肼65mg/kg/天灌胃2周(小鼠在造模前1天就开始给予)+小鼠给予槟氧化震颤素(0.15mg/kg)单次腹腔注射。
(4)小鼠震颤行为评价：氧化震颤素0.15mg/kg腹腔注射后，记录每只小鼠自给予氧化震颤素后至产生肉眼明显可见的肌肉震颤产生后至消失所需时间为震颤持续时间。
其中，各个给药组中的给药时的药物配制方法为：按生药量计算称取所需要量的各提取物，并按10ml/kg的给药容量加0.5％羧甲基纤维素纳溶液配制成混悬液，灌胃给药。
2、实验结果
结果如图11所示。
模型组小鼠在给予氧化震颤素0.15mg/kg腹腔注射后，出现明显的震颤行为，其震颤持续的时间明显高于正常组。本发明模型组小鼠在给药后，震颤、流涎、躁动不安等症状较模型组减轻，震颤持续时间较模型组显著缩短，本发明人参、熟地黄、山楂三者组成的组合物 其效果与多巴丝肼相当。
帕金森病人最直观的临床表现是肌肉震颤、僵直及运动不能。氧化震颤素为M受体激动剂，可以引起肌肉的剧烈收缩，能够模拟该病的震颤表现，故本模型也是评价抗帕金病药效的一种必要动物模型。本发明的中药组合物能够显著缩短动物震颤持续时间，显示出了协同增效的效果。
实施例8 对Aβ淀粉肽诱导海马神经元凋亡的影响
1、实验方法
用新生SD大鼠乳鼠，分离原代大脑海马神经元，进行原代培养，48小时后加入经老化处理的Aβ淀粉肽(A2-35，终浓度为10μmol/L)，诱导海马神经元凋亡，同时加入不同组合物的提取物终浓度为5或20μg/ml(相当于生药浓度)进行治疗，模型组只加等同体积的溶媒。正常对照组不加Aβ淀粉肽和药物，只加等体积溶媒。
作用24小时后收集神经元，用流式细胞仪检测神经元调亡率，进行对比。
2、实验结果
结果如图12(为高剂量组的图)所示。
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三个单味中药、其二二组合及三者复方组合，均能够明显地抑制Aβ淀粉肽诱导大鼠海马神经皮质细胞凋亡，降低神经元凋亡率，起到明显地神经保护作用。其中，人参、熟地、山楂的三者组成的组合物的作用效果最好。将人参、熟地、山楂组合物中的一种或两种去掉，效果都没有三者组合的好。从中可以看出，本发明的这种人参、熟地、山楂组成的组合物在抑制Aβ淀粉肽诱导大鼠海马神经皮质细胞凋亡，保护神经元损伤方面起到了协同增效的效果。
实施例9 中药组合物对小鼠特异质反应肝毒性的影响
1、实验方法
小鼠，每组10只，雌雄各半，喂养一周后，不同组合物连续给药30天，采血检测肝功能谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性，并进行比较。
2、实验结果
结果如表4和表5所示。
药物组使用的药物同实施例5。
表4不同组合物对小鼠谷草转氨酶值(ALT，x±SD，n＝10)的影响
| 组别 | 0g/kg | 5.0g/kg | 10.0g/kg |
| 对照组 | 45.5±6.2 | / | / |
| R s组 | / | 56.6±15.9 | 55.1±16.0 |
| Dh组 | / | 55.3±16.2 | 53.8±16.8 |
| S z组 | / | 54.3±15.5 | 52.8±15.6 |
| RD组 | / | 54.8±15.6 | 52.6±16.5 |
| RS组 | / | 53.2±15.8 | 51.5±16.1 |
| DS组 | / | 52.3±16.3 | 50.1±16.7 |
| RDS1组 | / | 50.9±16.8 | 56.3±18.2 |
| RDS2组 | / | 50.1±15.1 | 54.8±16.7 |
| RDS3组 | / | 51.5±15.9 | 49.1±15.2 |
| FRY组 | / | 50.5±16.1 | 72.7±56.5 |
表5不同组合物对小鼠谷丙转氨酶值(GPT，x±SD，n＝10)的影响
| 分组 | 0g/kg | 5.0g/kg | 10.0g/kg |
| 正常组 | 35.8±17.6 | / | / |
| Rs组 | / | 41.2±15.6 | 43.5±17.3 |
| Dh组 | / | 40.5±16.1 | 38.8±16.2 |
| Sz组 | / | 38.5±15.3 | 39.3±16.5 |
| RD组 | / | 34.3±15.2 | 42.8±15.3 |
| RS组 | / | 38.8±14.2 | 42.2±16.1 |
| DS组 | / | 42.3±16.8 | 45.1±17.7 |
| RDS1组 | / | 42.6±15.3 | 44.1±16.4 |
| RDS2组 | / | 41.6±14.5 | 45.6±15.2 |
| RDS3组 | / | 43.3±14.6 | 45.1±16.8 |
| FRY组 | / | 45.3±16.6 | 53.8±46.1 |
实施例10 中药组合物对小鼠凝血功能的影响
1、实验方法
小鼠，每组20只，雌雄各半，喂养一周后，不同组合物连续给药14天，采血检测凝血功能(凝血酶原时间)，进行结果比较。
2、实验结果
结果如表6所示。
药物组使用的药物同实施例5。
表6不同组合物对小鼠凝血酶原时间(秒s，x±SD，n＝10)的影响
| 分组 | 0g/kg | 5.0g/kg | 10.0g/kg |
| 正常组 | 13.5±6.2 | / | / |
| Rs组 | / | 14.3±5.5 | 16.8±5.6 |
| Dh组 | / | 14.8±5.6 | 12.6±6.5 |
| Sz组 | / | 24.3±7.9 | 30.8±15.6 |
| RD组 | / | 14.8±5.6 | 12.6±6.5 |
| RS组 | / | 18.2±7.8 | 19.5±8.1 |
| DS组 | / | 19.3±9.3 | 23.1±9.7 |
| RDS1组 | / | 16.5±6.9 | 15.8±6.2 |
| RDS2组 | / | 14.3±7.5 | 16.8±8.6 |
| RDS3组 | / | 14.8±5.6 | 15.6±9.5 |
| FRY组 | / | 45.3±16.2＊＊&& | 53.8±16.8＊＊&& |
与正常组比较**P＜0.01；与RDS2组比较
&&P＜0.01；
结果显示，本发明这种人参、熟地和山楂组成的组合物对凝血功能的影响明显低于FRY组。
实施例11 中药组合物防水提物和醇提物防治脑缺血疾病或帕金森病的效果比较测试
其中，RDS2水组：指的是MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予实施例3制备的中药提取物；
RDS2组：指的是MCAO法处理后的大鼠+灌胃给予实施例2制备的中药提取物。
1、对MCAO脑缺血损伤行为评分(x±SD，n＝10)的影响
实验方法同实施例5。
结果如表7所示。
表7对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠行为评分的影响(x±SD,n＝10)
注：与正常假手术组比较，**P<0.01；
与模型组比较，
##P<0.01；
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三者复方组合水提物和醇提物给药，均能够改善MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的神经行为评分。两者无显著差异。
2、对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积的改善作用
方法同以上第“1”部分。
脑梗死面积的测试检测方法同前，结果如表8所示。
表8对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠脑梗死面积的影响(％，X±SD，n＝10)
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三者复方组合的水提物和醇提物，均能够明显地减少MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠的脑梗死面积，起到明显地改善作用，二者药效无显著差异。
3、对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠学习记忆能力的改善(Morris水迷宫试验)
定向航行试验(place navigation test)测试动物学习记忆能力：
方法同前。
3.1对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫到达平台时间的影响
结果如表9所示。
表9对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫到达平台时间的影响(秒，X±SD，n＝10)
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三者复方组合的水提物和醇提物，均能够明显地减少 MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫到达平台时间，起到明显地改善作用，二者药效无显著差异。
3.2对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫平台次数的影响
结果如表10所示。
表10对MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫平台次数的影响(％，X±SD，n＝10)
本发明中的人参、熟地、山楂三者复方组合的水提物和醇提物，均能够明显地增加MCAO脑缺血损伤大鼠穿越迷宫的次数，起到明显地改善学习记忆作用，二者药效无显著差异。
Claims (18)
- 一种中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括：人参10～40重量份、熟地黄40～120重量份、山楂20～50重量份。
- 如权利要求1所述的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括人参10～30重量份、熟地黄40～110重量份、山楂20～45重量份。
- 如权利要求1所述的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物的原料药组成包括人参15～30重量份、熟地黄50～110重量份、山楂20～40重量份。
- 如权利要求1所述的的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物由以下原料药制成：人参10～40重量份、熟地黄40～120重量份、山楂20～50重量份。
- 一种中药提取物的组合，其特征在于，所述组合包括：人参提取物10～40重量份、熟地黄提取物20～80重量份、山楂提取物20～50重量份。
- 如权利要求5所述的中药提取物的组合，其特征在于，所述组合包括：人参提取物10～30重量份、熟地黄提取物40～110重量份、山楂提取物20～45重量份。
- 如权利要求5所述的中药提取物的组合，其特征在于，所述组合包括：人参提取物15～30重量份、熟地黄提取物50～110重量份、山楂提取物20～40重量份。
- 一种制备权利要求1-4任一所述的中药组合物或权利要求5-7任一所述的中药提取物的组合的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：按重量比例取各原料药，提取，过滤、真空干燥即得所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物组合。
- 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述提取包括浸渍提取、煎煮提取、回流提取、渗漉提取或超声提取中的任意一种，提取次数为1～5次。
- 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：按重量比例取各原料药，用溶媒回流提取1～5次，每次提取加入的所述溶媒的质量为所述原料药质量的1～15倍,每次5min～5h，过滤，合并提取液，真空干燥即得所述的中药组合物或所述的中药提取物组合。
- 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述溶媒包括水或50～80％v/v乙醇水溶液。
- 一种保健品，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-4任一所述的中药组合物或权利要求5-7任一所述的中药提取物的组合。
- 一种药物制剂，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-4任一所述的中药组合物或权利要求5-7任一所述的中药提取物的组合，以及药学上可接受的辅料。
- 如权利要求13所述的药物制剂，其特征在于，所述的药物制剂的剂型包括汤剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、散剂、颗粒剂或口服液。
- 如权利要求13所述的药物制剂，其特征在于，所述药学上可接受的辅料包括稀释剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、流动剂、塑化剂、着色剂、甜味剂、黏度增强剂、保存剂或抗氧化剂中的一种或多种。
- 权利要求1-4任一所述的中药组合物或权利要求5-7任一所述的中药提取物的组合或权利要求13-15任一所述的药物制剂在制备预防或治疗脑部疾病的药物中的应用。
- 如权利要求16所述的应用，其特征在于，所述脑部疾病包括脑缺血损伤相关疾病、神经退行性疾病。
- 如权利要求16所述的应用，其特征在于，所述脑部疾病包括脑动脉硬化、中风、中风后遗症、Alzheimer病、帕金森病和多发性硬化症。
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