WO2023088023A1 - 差速电机、具有该差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车 - Google Patents

差速电机、具有该差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023088023A1
WO2023088023A1 PCT/CN2022/126325 CN2022126325W WO2023088023A1 WO 2023088023 A1 WO2023088023 A1 WO 2023088023A1 CN 2022126325 W CN2022126325 W CN 2022126325W WO 2023088023 A1 WO2023088023 A1 WO 2023088023A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
differential
gear
transmission
housing
motor
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/126325
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李磊
张卓
Original Assignee
宁波维伦智能科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023088023A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023088023A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of motors, in particular to a differential motor, a rear axle with the differential motor, a power-assisted tricycle and a power-assisted four-wheel vehicle.
  • the two driving wheels of a power-assisted tricycle or a power-assisted four-wheel vehicle are respectively installed on two transmission shafts, and the two transmission shafts are connected to the differential, and the output motor is connected to the cycloid through a gear set, a chain transmission or a belt transmission.
  • the reducer is connected by transmission, and the power decelerated by the cycloid reducer is transmitted to the differential through the clutch to drive the two driving wheels to rotate.
  • the inventor believes that the output motor and the cycloid reducer are connected through a gear set, chain drive or belt drive, and the integration level is relatively low, which is not convenient for later disassembly and maintenance, and there is still room for improvement.
  • the application provides a differential motor and an electric tricycle with the differential motor.
  • the present application provides a differential motor, which adopts the following technical solution:
  • a differential motor including a housing, an output motor and a reducer, the output motor and the reducer are both arranged in the housing, and both ends of the housing are provided with a first A piercing hole, the output shaft of the output motor is provided with a second piercing hole for piercing the transmission shaft, the outer wall of the output shaft of the output motor is provided with an eccentric setting eccentric ring;
  • the reducer includes:
  • a needle-tooth housing arranged in the housing and fixedly connected with the housing;
  • pin-tooth sleeves arranged on the inner side wall of the pin-tooth housing, and the plurality of pin-tooth sleeves are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the pin-tooth housing;
  • a cycloidal wheel swingingly connected in the pin gear housing, the cycloidal wheel is provided with a cycloidal hole for the output shaft of the output motor to pass through, and the eccentric ring is inserted into the cycloidal hole to drive the
  • the cycloidal wheel swings in the pintooth housing; and the number of transmission connection shafts is multiple, and the plurality of transmission connection shafts are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pintooth housing, and the cycloidal wheel is provided with transmission hole, when the cycloidal wheel swings in the pin gear housing, the transmission connection shaft rotates around the output shaft of the output motor and at the same time rolls against the inner side wall of the transmission hole, the transmission connection The shaft is connected to the transmission shaft.
  • the output shaft of the output motor rotates, it drives the eccentric ring to rotate, and the eccentric ring drives the cycloid wheel to swing in the pin gear housing, and finally the decelerated power is output through the transmission connection shaft, so that the output motor and the cycloid decelerate
  • the drive is integrated together and directly driven, with high integration, which is convenient for the maintenance of the output motor and the cycloid reducer in the later stage, without the need to connect the cycloid reducer with the belt drive, chain drive or gear drive, which improves the output motor and the cycloid reducer.
  • the efficiency of power transmission between devices when the output shaft of the output motor rotates, it drives the eccentric ring to rotate, and the eccentric ring drives the cycloid wheel to swing in the pin gear housing, and finally the decelerated power is output through the transmission connection shaft, so that the output motor and the cycloid decelerate
  • the drive is integrated together and directly driven, with high integration, which is convenient for the maintenance
  • it also includes a clutch arranged in the housing, the outer ring of the clutch is rotatably connected to the outside of the output motor, the transmission connection shaft is fixed on the end surface of the outer ring of the clutch, and a plurality of The transmission connection shaft is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the clutch.
  • the clutch is a one-way clutch, so that when the transmission shaft of the power-assisted tricycle reverses, the transmission shaft is separated from the cycloid clutch, so that the power when the transmission shaft of the power-assisted tricycle reverses is not easily transmitted to the cycloid reducer.
  • the trajectory circle formed by the plurality of transmission connection shafts is concentrically arranged with the outer ring of the clutch.
  • the output power transmission of the cycloidal reducer is evenly shared by multiple transmission connection shafts, so that the service life of multiple transmission connection shafts is kept as consistent as possible, and it is not easy for individual transmission connection shafts to be damaged in advance.
  • the service life of the cycloid reducer is improved.
  • the differential also includes a differential arranged in the housing, the inner ring of the clutch is fixedly connected to the input end of the differential, and the differential includes:
  • the differential case is rotatably connected with the case, and the differential case includes a differential case body, a differential front end cover and a differential rear end cover, and the differential front end cover is connected to the differential case
  • the differential rear end cover is respectively arranged on the two ends of the differential case body, and the differential front end cover and the differential rear end cover are fixedly connected with the differential case body, so
  • the front end cover of the differential is fixedly connected to the output end of the clutch, and the rear end cover of the differential and the front end cover of the differential are both provided with a third piercing hole for passing through the transmission shaft;
  • the two sun gears are connected to the front end cover of the differential and the rear end cover of the differential in one-to-one correspondence, and the two sun gears are respectively used to connect the two transmission shafts ;
  • the number of the first planetary gear is at least one, the first planetary gear includes a first transmission shaft, a first differential gear and a first transmission gear, the first transmission shaft is rotatably connected in the differential housing, The first differential gear is arranged on the outer wall of the first transmission shaft and meshes with one of the sun gears, the first transmission tooth is arranged on the outer wall of the first transmission shaft; and
  • the second planetary gear, one of the first planetary gears is provided with at most two second planetary gears
  • the second planetary gears include a second transmission shaft, a second differential gear and a second transmission gear
  • the second The transmission shaft is rotatably connected in the differential case and arranged adjacent to the first transmission shaft, and the second differential gear is fixed on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft and is mutually connected with the other sun gear. meshing, the second transmission gear is fixed on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft, the first differential gear meshes with the second transmission gear, the second differential gear and the first The drive teeth mesh with each other.
  • the setting of the differential enables the power output by the motor to be directly transmitted to the two transmission shafts.
  • the output motor is integrated with the cycloid reducer, clutch and differential, which facilitates disassembly and assembly of the differential motor, and also facilitates later maintenance of the differential motor.
  • the sun gear, the first planetary gear, and the second planetary gear are helical gears, or the sun gear, the first planetary gear, and the second planetary gear are spur gears .
  • a tower base is also included, the tower base is rotatably connected to the front end cover of the differential, the tower base includes a flywheel fixing sleeve, a connecting sleeve, a pawl and a snap ring, and the flywheel fixing sleeve is used for installing Flywheel, the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected with the flywheel fixing sleeve, a ratchet collar is fixed on the side of the differential front end cover away from the differential case, and the inner wall of the ratchet collar is There are a plurality of ratchets, the connecting sleeve is passed through the ratchet ring and is rotatably connected with the ratchet ring, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is provided with a ratchet groove, and the ratchet part is located at In the ratchet groove, the snap ring is sleeved on the connecting sleeve, and the outer wall of the connecting s, and
  • the differential motor can be directly connected with the flywheel.
  • it also includes a torque sensor sleeved on the ratchet collar, the torque sensor is used to detect the torque of the flywheel fixing sleeve and convert it into a torque detection signal, the controller and the The torque sensor is connected to receive the torque detection signal and control the opening and closing and the rotation speed of the output motor according to the torque detection signal.
  • the controller can control the opening and closing of the output motor and the speed of the output motor according to the torque applied by the user to the tower base, that is, the output power of the output motor is positively correlated with the torque applied by the user to the tower base , which realizes the automation of the output motor control and makes the power control of the output motor more reasonable.
  • the present application provides a rear axle, which adopts the following technical solution:
  • a rear axle includes the above-mentioned differential motor.
  • the present application provides a power-assisted tricycle, which adopts the following technical solution:
  • a power-assisted tricycle includes the above-mentioned differential motor.
  • the present application provides a power-assisted four-wheel vehicle, which adopts the following technical solution:
  • a power-assisted four-wheel vehicle includes the above-mentioned differential motor.
  • the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the output motor is integrated with the cycloidal reducer, clutch and differential, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the differential motor, and also facilitates the later maintenance of the differential motor;
  • the controller can control the opening and closing of the output motor and the speed of the output motor according to the torque transmitted by the user to the tower base, which realizes the automation of the control of the output motor and makes the output power control of the output motor more reasonable.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a differential motor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the output motor, the pinion housing, the cycloidal wheel and the clutch according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of the differential of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view along B-B in Fig. 4 .
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the sun gear, the first planetary gear, and the second planetary gear according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded schematic view of the front end cover of the differential, the torque sensor, the circlip, the pawl, and the fixed sleeve of the flywheel according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the differential motor includes a housing 10 , an output motor 20 and a reducer 30 .
  • the output motor 20 and the reducer 30 are both arranged in the casing 10 and connected in sequence, so that the output motor 20 and the reducer 30 are integrated together and directly transmitted through the shaft, which has a high degree of integration, facilitates later maintenance, and has high transmission efficiency.
  • the housing 10 includes a motor housing body 11 , a motor front cover 12 and a motor rear cover 13 . Specifically, the two ends of the motor housing body 11 are connected, and the motor front end cover 12 and the motor rear end cover 13 are respectively fixed on the two ends of the motor housing body 11, and one of the motor front end cover 12 and the motor rear end cover 13 can be connected with
  • the motor housing body 11 is integrally formed, and the motor front end cover 12 cooperates with the motor rear end cover 13 and the motor housing body 11 to form a space for the output motor 20 and the reducer 30 to be installed.
  • the motor front end cover 12 and the motor rear end cover 13 are all provided with There is a first through hole 121, and the first through hole 121 is used for the transmission shaft to pass through.
  • a bearing is installed in the first through hole 121 , the outer ring of the bearing is inserted into the first through hole 121 , and the transmission shaft is inserted into the inner ring of the bearing to provide support for the transmission shaft.
  • the output motor 20 includes a stator 22 , a rotor 23 and an output shaft 21 .
  • the stator 22 is fixed in the motor housing 11, the rotor 23 is penetrated in the stator 22 and is rotationally connected with the rotor 23, the output shaft 21 is penetrated on the rotor 23 and is fixedly connected with the rotor 23, the output shaft 21 is connected with the rotor 23.
  • the stator 22 is arranged concentrically, and the output shaft 21 is mounted on the rear end cover 13 of the motor through the bearing rotation.
  • the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20 is provided with a second piercing hole 211 , and the second piercing hole 211 is used for piercing the transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the differential 50 after passing through the output motor 20 .
  • the speed reducer 30 includes a pin gear housing 31 , a pin gear sleeve 32 , a cycloidal wheel 33 and a drive connection shaft 34 .
  • the pintooth housing 31 is fixed in the motor housing body 11, the pintooth housing 31 is arranged adjacent to the stator 22, the number of pintooth sleeves 32 is multiple, and the plurality of pintooth sleeves 32 are fixed in the pintooth housing 31 along the The circumferential direction of the pin gear housing 31 is evenly arranged, and the number of pin gear housings 32 can be set according to the reduction ratio required by the reducer 30 .
  • the cycloidal wheel 33 is swingably connected in the pin-toothed housing 31, and the cycloidal wheel 33 is provided with a cycloidal hole 331, which runs through both ends of the cycloidal wheel 33, and the cycloidal hole 331 and the pin-toothed housing 31 are arranged concentrically.
  • the outer wall of the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20 is fixedly connected with an eccentric ring 212, the eccentric ring 212 is eccentrically arranged with the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20, the diameter of the eccentric ring 212 is smaller than the diameter of the cycloidal hole 331, and the output motor 20
  • the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20 drives the eccentric ring 212 to rotate, and the eccentric ring 212 drives the cycloid wheel 33 to swing in the pin gear housing 31 .
  • the number of transmission connection shafts 34 is multiple, and the plurality of transmission connection shafts 34 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pintooth housing 31 .
  • the cycloid wheel 33 is provided with a transmission hole 332, the transmission hole 332 corresponds to the transmission connection shaft 34 one by one, the diameter of the transmission hole 332 is greater than the diameter of the transmission connection shaft 34, when the cycloid wheel 33 swings in the pin gear housing 31, The inner wall of the transmission hole 332 rolls against the transmission connection shaft 34 to drive the transmission connection shaft 34 to rotate around the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20.
  • the transmission connection shaft 34 is connected to the transmission shaft as the output end of the reducer 30, so that the output The rotational speed of the motor 20 is transmitted to the transmission shaft of the wheel after being decelerated by the speed reducer 30 .
  • the differential motor also includes a clutch 40, which is rotatably connected in the housing 10, and the clutch 40 is a one-way clutch 40.
  • the clutch 40 uses a roller
  • the column type overrunning clutch 40 is taken as an example for introduction.
  • the clutch 40 and the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20 are arranged concentrically, the outer ring 41 of the clutch 40 is connected to the outside of the output shaft 21 of the output motor 20 through bearing rotation, and a plurality of transmission connecting shafts 34 are fixed on the outer ring 41 of the clutch 40 close to the swing.
  • a plurality of transmission connection shafts 34 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer ring 41 of the clutch 40 .
  • the inner ring 42 of the clutch 40 is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft through a bearing, so as to provide support for the transmission shaft.
  • the differential motor also includes a differential 50, which is rotatably connected in the housing 10, and the differential 50 is used for Connect two transmission shafts, one transmission shaft passes through the casing 10 in turn, the output motor 20 is connected with the differential 50 after the reducer 30, and the other transmission shaft passes through the casing 10 and is connected with the differential 50, so that the output
  • the motor 20, the speed reducer 30, and the differential gear 50 are arranged coaxially with the transmission shaft, which reduces the space occupied by the rear axle of the electric tricycle, and at the same time has a high degree of integration and is convenient for later maintenance.
  • the differential 50 includes a differential case 51 , a sun gear 52 , a first planetary gear 53 and a second planetary gear 54 .
  • the differential case 51 is rotatably connected in the motor case body 11, and the differential case 51 includes a differential case body 511, a differential front end cover 512 and a differential rear end cover 513.
  • the front end cover 512 of the differential and the rear end cover 513 of the differential are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the differential case body 511, and the front end cover 512 of the differential and the rear end cover 513 of the differential are both provided with a third piercing hole 5121 , the third piercing hole 5121 is used for piercing the transmission shaft.
  • the differential rear end cover 513 and the differential housing body 511 are integrally formed.
  • the outer side wall of the differential rear end cover 513 is provided with an installation groove 5132, and a bearing is installed in the installation groove 5132, and the differential rear end cover 513 is rotatably connected in the motor casing body 11 through the bearing.
  • the number of sun gears 52 is two, and the two sun gears 52 are arranged concentrically adjacent to each other.
  • the two sun gears 52 are respectively connected to the differential front end cover 512 and the differential rear end cover 513 in rotation.
  • the two sun gears 52 are respectively For connecting two transmission shafts, the sun gear 52 may or may not be provided with a central hole.
  • the sun gear 52 is introduced as an example with a central hole.
  • the sun gear 52 can be connected to the transmission shaft through an interference fit, or can be connected to the transmission shaft through a spline connection.
  • the sun gear 52 is introduced by taking the connection with the transmission shaft through an interference fit as an example.
  • the center of the sun gear 52 Two limiting planes 521 are arranged on the inner wall of the hole, and the two limiting planes 521 are parallel to each other.
  • the end of the transmission shaft inserted into the sun gear 52 is flat, so that the transmission shaft inserted into the sun gear 52 is not easy to contact with the sun gear. 52 relative rotations take place.
  • the two sun gears 52 are respectively rotatably connected to the differential front end cover 512 and the differential rear end cover 513 .
  • the outer walls of the two sun gears 52 away from each other are provided with a rotating groove 523, and a rotating sleeve 522 is arranged in the rotating groove 523.
  • the rotating sleeve 522 is connected to the sun gear 52 in rotation, and the rotating sleeve 522 is inserted into the third through
  • the hole 5121 is provided to rotatably connect the sun gear 52 to the differential case body 511 .
  • a stop ring 5221 is fixed on the outer side walls of the two rotating sleeves 522 close to each other, and a stop groove 5122 is opened on the inner wall of the third through hole 5121, and the stop ring 5221 is arranged in the stop groove 5122, and the stop ring 5221 and the stop groove The groove bottoms of 5122 abut against each other, making it difficult for the two sun gears 52 to move away from each other.
  • the first planetary gear 53 includes a first transmission shaft 531 , a first differential gear 532 and a first transmission gear 533 .
  • the axis of the first transmission shaft 531 and the axis of the sun gear 52 are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the first transmission shaft 531 are inserted into the differential front cover 512 and the differential rear cover 513 respectively. It is rotatably connected with the front end cover 512 of the differential and the rear end cover 513 of the differential.
  • the first differential gear 532 is fixed on the outer wall of the first transmission shaft 531, the first differential gear 532 is uniformly arranged along the circumference of the first transmission shaft 531, and the first differential gear 532 meshes with one of the sun gears 52 .
  • the first transmission gear 533 is fixed on the outer wall of the first transmission shaft 531, the first transmission gear 533 and the first differential gear 532 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 531, and the first transmission gear 533 is arranged along the first
  • the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 531 is uniformly arranged.
  • the number of the first planetary gear 53 is at least one, and when the number of the second planetary gear 54 is more than two, the two first planetary gears 53 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sun gear 52.
  • the first planetary gear 53 The number of three is used as an example for introduction, and the three first planetary gears 53 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the sun gear 52, so that the transmission is stable and reliable.
  • the second planetary gear 54 includes a second transmission shaft 541 , a second differential gear 542 and a second transmission gear 543 .
  • the axis of the second transmission shaft 541 and the axis of the sun gear 52 are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the second transmission shaft 541 are respectively inserted into the differential front end cover 512 and the differential rear end cover 513. It is rotatably connected with the front end cover 512 of the differential and the rear end cover 513 of the differential.
  • the second differential gear 542 is fixed on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft 541, the second differential gear 542 is evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second transmission shaft 541, and the second differential gear 542 meshes with another sun gear 52 , the second differential gear 542 also meshes with the first transmission gear 533 .
  • the second transmission tooth 543 is fixed on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft 541, the second transmission tooth 543 and the second differential gear 542 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second transmission shaft 541, and the second transmission tooth 543 is arranged along the second transmission shaft 541.
  • the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 541 is uniformly arranged, and the second transmission gear 543 and the first differential gear 532 mesh with each other.
  • a first planetary gear 53 can correspond to a second planetary gear 54, also can correspond to two second planetary gears 54, when a first planetary gear 53 corresponds to a second planetary gear 54, the first planetary gear 53 and the second The planetary gears 54 are arranged adjacently; when one first planetary gear 53 corresponds to two second planetary gears 54, the two second planetary gears 54 are adjacently arranged with the first planetary gears 53, and the two second planetary gears 54 are respectively arranged on the second planetary gears 54.
  • the two sides of a planetary gear 53 are introduced in this embodiment by taking the first planetary gear 53 and the second planetary gear 54 in one-to-one correspondence as an example.
  • the two sun gears 52 mesh with the first differential gear 532 and the second differential gear 542 respectively, the first differential gear 532 and the second transmission gear 543 mesh with each other, and the second differential gear 542 and the first transmission gear 533 mesh with each other.
  • the first differential gear 532, the first transmission gear 533, the second differential gear 542, and the second transmission gear 543 rotate together with the sun gear 52 instead of rotating, so that the two The speed of travel of the two wheels remains the same.
  • the sun gear 52 , the first planetary gear 53 and the second planetary gear 54 are all spur gears.
  • the sun gear 52 , the first planetary gear 53 and the second planetary gear 54 are all helical gears.
  • the two wheels connected by the differential motor are on wet, muddy, icy or sandy roads, when one wheel stalls, the internal friction force when the helical teeth mesh, the pressure formed by the pressure angle and the axial force act together to limit the entire
  • the gear train rotates on its own and plays a role of limited slip. In this case, more torque can be transmitted to the wheel on the side with higher adhesion to the ground, so that the driving force of the wheel is increased, and it has better passability and anti-skid performance.
  • the first differential gear 532 is a left helical tooth
  • the first differential gear 532 meshes with a sun gear 52
  • the first transmission gear 533 is a left helical tooth
  • the second differential gear 542 is a right helical tooth
  • the second transmission tooth 543 is a right helical tooth
  • the first transmission tooth 533 and the second differential gear 542 mesh with each other
  • the second transmission tooth 543 and the second transmission tooth 543 are meshed with each other.
  • One differential gear 532 meshes with each other
  • the second differential gear 542 meshes with another sun gear 52 .
  • the differential motor in order to facilitate the direct connection of the differential motor to the flywheel, also includes a tower base 70 .
  • the body base 70 includes a flywheel fixing sleeve 71 , a connecting sleeve 72 , a pawl 73 and a retaining spring 74 .
  • the flywheel fixing sleeve 71 is used for installing the flywheel, and the connecting sleeve 72 is fixedly connected to one end of the flywheel fixing sleeve 71 , and the outer diameter of the connecting sleeve 72 is smaller than that of the flywheel fixing sleeve 71 .
  • the number of pawls 73 is at least one.
  • the pawls 73 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the connecting sleeve 72.
  • the number of pawls 73 is introduced as an example.
  • the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 72 is provided with a pawl groove 721, and the pawl groove 721 and the pawl 73 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the ratchet 73 is partially arranged in the pawl groove 721.
  • a ratchet collar 5123 is fixed on the side of the differential front end cover 512 far away from the differential case body 511. There are a plurality of ratchets on the inner wall of the ratchet collar 5123. Evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, the connecting sleeve 72 is passed through the ratchet collar 5123 , and the connecting sleeve 72 is connected to the ratchet collar 5123 in rotation.
  • the differential motor further includes a torque sensor 80 and a controller 60 .
  • the torque sensor 80 is installed outside the ratchet collar 5123, and the torque sensor 80 is used to detect the torque transmitted from the flywheel fixing sleeve 71 to the ratchet collar 5123, and convert it into a torque detection signal.
  • the controller 60 is arranged in the casing 10, and the controller 60 is connected with the torque sensor 80 to receive the torque detection signal and control the opening and closing and the rotation speed of the output motor 20 according to the torque detection signal.
  • the implementation principle of a differential motor in the embodiment of the present application is: the output motor 20 is connected with the reducer 30, the clutch 40, and the differential 50 in sequence and then installed in the housing 10, so that the output motor 20 is connected with the reducer 30 and the clutch 40.
  • Differential 50 are integrated together, the integration degree is high, the occupied space is small, and the later maintenance is convenient.
  • the output motor 20 is directly driven by the shaft of the reducer 30 without chain transmission, belt transmission or gear transmission, and the transmission efficiency is high.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a rear axle, including the above-mentioned differential motor.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a power-assisted tricycle, including the above-mentioned differential motor.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a power-assisted four-wheel vehicle, including the above-mentioned differential motor.

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Abstract

一种差速电机、具有差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车，差速电机包括壳体（10）、输出电机（20）和减速器（30），输出电机（20）与减速器（30）均设于壳体（10）内，壳体（10）的两端均设有第一穿设孔（121），输出电机（20）的输出轴（21）上设有第二穿设孔（211），输出电机（20）的输出轴（21）外侧壁上设有偏心环（212）；减速器（30）包括：针齿壳（31），固定连接于壳体（10）内；针齿套（32），设于针齿壳（31）的内侧壁上，多个针齿套（32）沿针齿壳（31）的周向均匀设置；摆线轮（33），摆动连接于针齿壳（31）内，摆线轮（33）上设有摆线孔（331）；以及传动连接轴（34），多个传动连接轴（34）沿针齿壳（31）的周向间隔设置，摆线轮（33）上设有传动孔（332），传动连接轴（34）与传动轴连接。

Description

差速电机、具有该差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车 技术领域
本申请涉及电机的领域，尤其是涉及一种差速电机、具有该差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车。
背景技术
相关技术中，助力三轮车或助力四轮车的两个主动轮分别安装于两个传动轴上，两个传动轴连接于差速器上，输出电机通过齿轮组、链传动或带传动与摆线减速器传动连接，经过摆线减速器减速的动力经离合器传递至差速器驱使两个主动轮转动。
针对上述中的相关技术，发明人认为输出电机与摆线减速器通过齿轮组、链传动或带传动连接，集成度较底，不便于后期的拆装和维护，尚有改进的空间。
发明内容
为了方便电机与摆线减速器后期维护，本申请提供一种差速电机及具有该差速电机的电动三轮车。
第一方面，本申请提供一种差速电机，采用如下的技术方案：
一种差速电机，包括壳体、输出电机和减速器，所述输出电机与所述减速器均设于所述壳体内，所述壳体的两端均设有用于穿设传动轴的第一穿设孔，所述输出电机的输出轴上设有用于穿设传动轴的第二穿设孔，所述输出电机的输出轴外侧壁上设有与所述输出电机的输出轴呈偏心设置的偏心环；
所述减速器包括：
针齿壳，设于所述壳体内且与所述壳体固定连接；
针齿套，数量为多个且设于所述针齿壳的内侧壁上，多个所述针齿套沿所述针齿壳的周向均匀设置；
摆线轮，摆动连接于所述针齿壳内，所述摆线轮上设有供所述输出电机的输出轴穿设的摆线孔，所述偏心环插入所述摆线孔内驱使所述摆线轮于所述针齿壳内摆动；以及传动连接轴，数量为多个，多个所述传动连接轴沿所述针齿壳的周向间隔设置，所述摆线轮上设有传动孔，所述摆线轮于所述针齿壳内摆动时，所述传动连接轴绕所述输出电机的输出轴转动的同时相对所述传动孔的内侧壁滚动抵接，所述传动连接轴与传动轴连接。
通过采用上述技术方案，输出电机的输出轴转动时带动偏心环转动，偏心环驱使摆线轮于针齿壳内摆动，最后通过传动连接轴将减速后的动力输出，使得输出电机与摆线减速器集成在一起直接传动，集成度高，方便后期对输出电机与摆线减速器的维护，而无需通过带传动、链传动或齿轮传动与摆线减速器连接，提高了输出电机与摆线减速器之间的动力传递效率。
可选的，还包括设于所述壳体内的离合器，所述离合器的外环转动连接于所述输出电机的外侧，所述传动连接轴固定于所述离合器的外环端面上，多个所述传动连接轴沿 所述离合器的周向间隔设置。
通过采用上述技术方案，离合器为单向离合器，使得助力三轮车的传动轴反转时，传动轴与摆线离合器分离，进而使得助力三轮车的传动轴反转时的动力不易传递至摆线减速器。
可选的，多个所述传动连接轴形成的轨迹圆与所述离合器的外环呈同心设置。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得摆线减速器输出动力传递时由多个传动连接轴均匀分担，使得多个传动连接轴的使用寿命尽可能保持一致，而不易出现个别传动连接轴提前损坏的情况，提高了摆线减速器的使用寿命。
可选的，还包括设于所述壳体内的差速器，所述离合器的内环与所述差速器的输入端固定连接，所述差速器包括：
差速器壳体，与所述壳体转动连接，所述差速器壳体包括差速器壳身、差速器前端盖和差速器后端盖，所述差速器前端盖与所述差速器后端盖分别设于所述差速器壳身的两端，所述差速器前端盖与所述差速器后端盖均和所述差速器壳身固定连接，所述差速器前端盖与所述离合器的输出端固定连接，所述差速器后端盖与所述差速器前端盖上均设有用于穿设传动轴的第三穿设孔；
太阳齿轮，数量为两个，两所述太阳齿轮分别一一对应转动连接于所述差速器前端盖与所述差速器后端盖上，两所述太阳齿轮分别用于连接两传动轴；
第一行星齿轮，数量至少为一个，所述第一行星齿轮包括第一传动轴、第一差速齿和第一传动齿，所述第一传动轴转动连接于所述差速器壳身内，所述第一差速齿设于所述第一传动轴的外侧壁上且与其中一所述太阳齿轮互相啮合，所述第一传动齿设于所述第一传动轴的外侧壁上；以及
第二行星齿轮，一个所述第一行星齿轮至多对应设置有两个第二行星齿轮，所述第二行星齿轮包括第二传动轴、第二差速齿和第二传动齿，所述第二传动轴转动连接于所述差速器壳身内且毗邻所述第一传动轴设置，所述第二差速齿固定于所述第二传动轴的外侧壁上且与另一所述太阳齿轮互相啮合，所述第二传动齿固定于所述第二传动轴的外侧壁上，所述第一差速齿与所述第二传动齿互相啮合，所述第二差速齿与所述第一传动齿互相啮合。
通过采用上述技术方案，差速器的设置，使得电机输出的动力能够直接传递给两个传动轴。同时将输出电机与摆线减速器、离合器和差速器集成在一起，方便对差速电机进行拆装，还方便对差速电机进行后期的维护。车辆转弯时，一太阳齿轮上的轮子悬空并转速变快，另一太阳齿轮上的轮子则承受较大的驱动力，此时一太阳齿轮加速的同时，通过第一行星齿轮与第二行星齿轮、太阳齿轮的相互啮合传动，使得另一太阳齿轮减速，从而形成转速差，使得转向平稳，防止车辆发生侧翻。
可选的，所述太阳齿轮与所述第一行星齿轮、所述第二行星齿轮均为螺旋齿轮，或者所述太阳齿轮与所述第一行星齿轮、所述第二行星齿轮均为直齿轮。
可选的，还包括塔基，所述塔基转动连接于所述差速器前端盖上，所述塔基包括飞轮固定套、连接套、棘爪和卡簧，所述飞轮固定套用于安装飞轮，所述连接套与所述飞轮固定套固定连接，所述差速器前端盖远离所述差速器壳身的一侧固定有棘齿套圈，所述棘齿套圈的内侧壁上具有多个棘齿，所述连接套穿设于所述棘齿套圈且与所述棘齿套圈转动连 接，所述连接套的外侧壁上设有棘爪槽，所述棘爪部分位于所述棘爪槽内，所述卡簧套设于所述连接套上，所述连接套的外侧壁上与所述棘爪背向所述连接套的侧壁上均设有供所述卡簧放置的放置槽。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得差速电机能够直接与飞轮连接。
可选的，还包括套设于所述棘齿套圈上用于的扭矩传感器，所述扭矩传感器用于检测所述飞轮固定套的扭矩并转换为扭矩检测信号，所述控制器与所述扭矩传感器连接以接收扭矩检测信号并根据扭矩检测信号控制所述输出电机的启闭和转速。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得控制器能够根据使用者施加给塔基的扭矩来控制输出电机的启闭以及输出电机的转速，即输出电机的输出的功率与使用者施加给塔基的扭矩正相关，实现了输出电机控制的自动化，同时使得输出电机的功率控制更加合理。
第二方面，本申请提供一种后桥，采用如下的技术方案：
一种后桥，包括如上所述的差速电机。
第三方面，本申请提供一种助力三轮车，采用如下的技术方案：
一种助力三轮车，包括如上所述的差速电机。
第四方面，本申请提供一种助力四轮车，采用如下的技术方案：
一种助力四轮车，包括如上所述的差速电机。
综上所述，本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1、输出电机的输出轴转动时带动偏心环转动，偏心环驱使摆线轮于针齿壳内摆动，最后通过传动连接轴将减速后的动力输出，使得输出电机与摆线减速器集成在一起直接传动，集成度高，方便后期对输出电机与摆线减速器的维护，而无需通过带传动、链传动或齿轮传动与摆线减速器连接，提高了输出电机与摆线减速器之间的动力传递效率；
2、将输出电机与摆线减速器、离合器和差速器集成在一起，方便对差速电机进行拆装，还方便对差速电机进行后期的维护；
3、使得控制器能够根据使用者传递给塔基的扭矩来控制输出电机的启闭以及输出电机的转速，实现了输出电机控制的自动化，同时使得输出电机的输出功率控制更加合理。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的差速电机的俯视图。
图2是图1中A-A向的剖视图。
图3是本申请实施例的输出电机与针齿壳、摆线轮、离合器的爆炸示意图。
图4是本申请实施例的差速器的俯视图。
图5是图4中B-B向的剖视图。
图6是本申请实施例的太阳齿轮与第一行星齿轮、第二行星齿轮的结构示意图。
图7是本申请实施例的差速器前端盖与扭矩传感器、卡簧、棘爪、飞轮固定套的爆炸示意图。
附图标记说明：10、壳体；11、电机壳身；12、电机前端盖；121、第一穿设孔；13、电机后端盖；20、输出电机；21、输出轴；211、第二穿设孔；212、偏心环；22、定子；23、转子；30、减速器；31、针齿壳；32、针齿套；33、摆线轮；331、摆线孔；34、传动连接轴；332、传动孔；40、离 合器；41、外环；42、内环；50、差速器；51、差速器壳体；511、差速器壳身；512、差速器前端盖；5121、第三穿设孔；5122、挡槽；5123、棘齿套圈；513、差速器后端盖；5131、插接环；5132、安装槽；52、太阳齿轮；521、限位平面；522、转动套；5221、挡环；523、转动槽；53、第一行星齿轮；531、第一传动轴；532、第一差速齿；533、第一传动齿；54、第二行星齿轮；541、第二传动轴；542、第二差速齿；543、第二传动齿；60、控制器；70、塔基；71、飞轮固定套；72、连接套；73、棘爪；74、卡簧；721、棘爪槽；722、放置槽；80、扭矩传感器。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-7对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请实施例公开一种差速电机。参照图1与图2，差速电机包括壳体10、输出电机20和减速器30。输出电机20与减速器30均设于壳体10内且依次连接，使得输出电机20与减速器30集成在一起直接通过轴传动，集成度高，方便后期维护，同时传动效率高。
壳体10包括电机壳身11、电机前端盖12和电机后端盖13。具体地，电机壳身11的两端贯通，电机前端盖12和电机后端盖13分别固定于电机壳身11的两端，电机前端盖12和电机后端盖13中的一个可以与电机壳身11一体成形，电机前端盖12与电机后端盖13、电机壳身11配合形成供输出电机20和减速器30安装的空间，电机前端盖12和电机后端盖13均设有第一穿设孔121，第一穿设孔121供传动轴穿设。
进一步地，第一穿设孔121内安装轴承，轴承的外圈插接于第一穿设孔121内，传动轴插接于轴承的内圈内，以为传动轴提供支撑。
参照图2与图3，输出电机20包括定子22、转子23和输出轴21。具体地，定子22固定于电机壳身11内，转子23穿设于定子22内且与转子23转动连接，输出轴21穿设于转子23上且与转子23固定连接，输出轴21与转子23、定子22呈同心设置，输出轴21通过轴承转动电机后端盖13上。输出电机20的输出轴21上开设有第二穿设孔211，第二穿设孔211用于穿设传动轴，以方便传动轴穿过输出电机20之后与差速器50固定连接。
减速器30包括针齿壳31、针齿套32、摆线轮33和传动连接轴34。具体地，针齿壳31固定于电机壳身11内，针齿壳31毗邻定子22设置，针齿套32的数量为多个，多个针齿套32固定于针齿壳31内且沿针齿壳31的周向均匀设置，针齿套32的数量可以根据减速器30需要的减速比进行设置。摆线轮33摆动连接于针齿壳31内，摆线轮33上设有摆线孔331，摆线孔331贯穿摆线轮33的两端面，摆线孔331与针齿壳31呈同心设置，输出电机20的输出轴21的外侧壁上固定连接有偏心环212，偏心环212与输出电机20的输出轴21呈偏心设置，偏心环212的直径小于摆线孔331的直径，输出电机20转动工作时，输出电机20的输出轴21带动偏心环212转动，偏心环212驱使摆线轮33于针齿壳31内摆动。传动连接轴34的数量为多个，多个传动连接轴34沿针齿壳31的周向间隔设置，本实施例中多个传动连接轴34以沿针齿壳31的周向均匀设置为例，摆线轮33上设有传动孔332，传动孔332与传动连接轴34一一对应，传动孔332的直径大于传动连接轴34的直径，摆线轮33于针齿壳31内摆动时，传动孔332的内侧壁与传动连接轴34滚动抵接，以驱使传动连接轴34绕输出电机20的输出轴21转动，传动连接轴34作为减速器30的输出端与传动轴连接，以使得输出电机20的转速经过减速器30减速之后传递给轮子的传动轴。
为了使得传动轴反向转动的动力不易传递至减速器30，差速电机还包括离合器 40，离合器40转动连接于壳体10内，离合器40为单向离合器40，本实施例中离合器40以滚柱式超越离合器40为例进行介绍。离合器40与输出电机20的输出轴21呈同心设置，离合器40的外环41通过轴承转动连接于输出电机20的输出轴21外侧，多个传动连接轴34固定于离合器40的外环41靠近摆线轮33的端面上，多个传动连接轴34沿离合器40外环41的周向均匀设置。离合器40的内环42与传动轴通过轴承转动连接，以为传动轴提供支撑。
为了使得差速电机与两个轮子的传动轴连接时，两个轮子不易侧翻，差速电机还包括差速器50，差速器50转动连接于壳体10内，差速器50用于连接两个传动轴，一个传动轴依次穿过壳体10、输出电机20与减速器30之后和差速器50连接，另一个传动轴穿过壳体10之后与差速器50连接，使得输出电机20与减速器30、差速器50与传动轴同轴设置，减小了电动三轮车后桥的占用空间，同时集成度高，方便后期维护。
参照图4、图5与图6，差速器50包括差速器壳体51、太阳齿轮52、第一行星齿轮53和第二行星齿轮54。具体地，差速器壳体51转动连接于电机壳身11内，差速器壳体51包括差速器壳身511、差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513，差速器前端盖512与差速器后端盖513分别固定连接于差速器壳身511的两端，差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513上均设有第三穿设孔5121，第三穿设孔5121用于穿设传动轴，本实施例中差速器后端盖513与差速器壳身511一体成形。差速器后端盖513的外侧壁上开设有安装槽5132，安装槽5132内安装有轴承，差速器后端盖513通过轴承转动连接于电机壳身11内。
太阳齿轮52的数量为两个，两个太阳齿轮52呈同心毗邻设置，两个太阳齿轮52分别转动连接于差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513上，两个太阳齿轮52分别用于连接两个传动轴，太阳齿轮52可以设有中心孔，也可以不设中心孔，本实施例中太阳齿轮52以设有中心孔为例进行介绍。太阳齿轮52可通过过盈配合与传动轴连接，也可通过花键连接与传动轴连接，本实施例中太阳齿轮52以通过过盈配合与传动轴连接为例进行介绍，太阳齿轮52的中心孔内侧壁上设置有两个限位平面521，两个限位平面521互相平行，传动轴插入太阳齿轮52内的端部呈扁平设置，使得插入太阳齿轮52内的传动轴不易与该太阳齿轮52发生相对转动。
两个太阳齿轮52分别转动连接于差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513上。具体地，两个太阳齿轮52彼此远离的外侧壁上均开设有转动槽523，转动槽523内设有转动套522，转动套522与太阳齿轮52转动连接，转动套522插接于第三穿设孔5121内，以将太阳齿轮52转动连接于差速器壳身511内。
两个转动套522彼此靠近的外侧壁上均固定有挡环5221，第三穿设孔5121的内侧壁上开设有挡槽5122，挡环5221设于挡槽5122内，挡环5221与挡槽5122的槽底抵接，使得两个太阳齿轮52不易彼此远离。
第一行星齿轮53包括第一传动轴531、第一差速齿532和第一传动齿533。具体地，第一传动轴531的轴线与太阳齿轮52的轴线互相平行，第一传动轴531的两端分别插入差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513上，第一传动轴531与差速器前端盖512、差速器后端盖513转动连接。第一差速齿532固定于第一传动轴531的外侧壁上，第一差速齿532沿第一传动轴531的周向均匀设置，第一差速齿532与其中一个太阳齿轮52互相啮合。第一传动齿533固定于第一传动轴531的外侧壁上，第一传动齿533与第一差速齿532沿第一传动轴531的轴向呈间隔设置，第一传动齿533沿第一传动轴531的周向均匀设置。第一行星齿轮53的数量至少 为一个，第二行星齿轮54的数量为两个以上时，两个第一行星齿轮53沿太阳齿轮52的周向均匀设置，本实施例中第一行星齿轮53的数量以三个为例进行介绍，三个第一行星齿轮53沿太阳齿轮52的周向均匀设置，使得传动平稳可靠。
第二行星齿轮54包括第二传动轴541、第二差速齿542和第二传动齿543。具体地，第二传动轴541的轴线与太阳齿轮52的轴线互相平行，第二传动轴541的两端分别插入差速器前端盖512和差速器后端盖513上，第二传动轴541与差速器前端盖512、差速器后端盖513转动连接。第二差速齿542固定于第二传动轴541的外侧壁上，第二差速齿542沿第二传动轴541的周向均匀设置，第二差速齿542与另一个太阳齿轮52互相啮合，第二差速齿542还和第一传动齿533互相啮合。第二传动齿543固定于第二传动轴541的外侧壁上，第二传动齿543与第二差速齿542沿第二传动轴541的轴向呈间隔设置，第二传动齿543沿第二传动轴541的周向均匀设置，第二传动齿543与第一差速齿532互相啮合。一个第一行星齿轮53可以对应一个第二行星齿轮54，也可以对应两个第二行星齿轮54，一个第一行星齿轮53对应于一个第二行星齿轮54时，第一行星齿轮53与第二行星齿轮54毗邻设置；一个第一行星齿轮53对应于两个第二行星齿轮54时，两个第二行星齿轮54与第一行星齿轮53毗邻设置，两个第二行星齿轮54分别设于第一行星齿轮53的两侧，本实施例中以第一行星齿轮53与第二行星齿轮54一一对应设置为例进行介绍。
正常行驶过程中，两个太阳齿轮52分别与第一差速齿532、第二差速齿542一一对应啮合，第一差速齿532与第二传动齿543互相啮合，第二差速齿542与第一传动齿533互相啮合，此时第一差速齿532与第一传动齿533、第二差速齿542、第二传动齿543随太阳齿轮52一起转动，而不自转，使得两个轮子的行进速度保持相同。
当车辆行驶中突然转弯时，其中一个太阳齿轮52连接的轮子悬空并转速加快，另一个太阳齿轮52连接的轮子则承受较大的驱动力与地面附着力，此时其中一个太阳齿轮52驱使与其啮合的第一行星齿轮53转速加快，第一行星齿轮53与第二行星齿轮54通过齿轮相互啮合传动，使得两个太阳齿轮52形成转速差，使得转向平稳，防止车辆发生侧翻。
在一个实施例中，太阳齿轮52与第一行星齿轮53、第二行星齿轮54均为直齿轮。
在另一个实施例中，太阳齿轮52与第一行星齿轮53、第二行星齿轮54均为螺旋齿轮。当差速电机连接的两个轮子处于潮湿、泥泞、冰面或者多沙路面时，一侧车轮失速时，螺旋齿啮合时的内摩擦力，压力角形成的压力以及轴向力共同作用，限制整个齿轮系自转，起到限滑作用。此种情况下，还能够将更多的扭矩传递给与地面附着力高的一侧的轮子，使该轮子驱动力增大，具有较好的通过性和防滑性能。
当一个太阳齿轮52为右螺旋齿时，另一个太阳齿轮52为左螺旋齿，第一差速齿532为左螺旋齿，第一差速齿532与一个太阳齿轮52互相啮合，第一传动齿533为左螺旋齿，第二差速齿542为右螺旋齿与第二传动齿543均为右螺旋齿，第一传动齿533与第二差速齿542互相啮合，第二传动齿543与第一差速齿532互相啮合，第二差速齿542与另一个太阳齿轮52互相啮合。
参照图5与图7，为了方便差速电机直接连接飞轮，差速电机还包括塔基70。具体地，塔基70包括飞轮固定套71、连接套72、棘爪73和卡簧74。飞轮固定套71用于安装飞轮，连接套72固定连接于飞轮固定套71的一端，连接套72的外径小于飞轮固定套71的外径。棘爪73的数量至少为一个，棘爪73的数量为两个以上时，棘爪73沿连接套72的周向均匀设置，本 实施例中棘爪73的数量以三个为例进行介绍。连接套72的外侧壁上开设有棘爪槽721，棘爪槽721与棘爪73一一对应设置，棘爪73部分设于棘爪槽721内，棘爪73与连接套72的外侧壁上均开设有放置槽722，卡簧74设于放置槽722内，以将棘爪73束缚于棘爪槽721内，棘爪73可于棘爪槽721内活动。差速器前端盖512远离差速器壳身511的一侧固定有棘齿套圈5123，棘齿套圈5123的内侧壁上具有多个棘齿，多个棘齿沿棘齿套圈5123的周向均匀设置，连接套72穿设于棘齿套圈5123内，连接套72与棘齿套圈5123转动连接。飞轮固定套71沿箭头C指示的方向转动时，棘爪73在棘齿的引导下于棘爪槽721内摆动，飞轮固定套71转动连接于棘齿套圈5123内。飞轮固定套71沿箭头C指示的反方向转动时，棘爪73与棘齿咬合，使得棘齿套圈5123随飞轮固定套71一起转动。
参照图2与图7，为了实现输出电机20的自动控制，差速电机还包括扭矩传感器80和控制器60。扭矩传感器80安装于棘齿套圈5123的外侧，扭矩传感器80用于检测飞轮固定套71传递给棘齿套圈5123的扭矩，并转换为扭矩检测信号。控制器60设于壳体10内，控制器60与扭矩传感器80连接，以接收扭矩检测信号并根据扭矩检测信号控制输出电机20的启闭和转速。
本申请实施例一种差速电机的实施原理为：输出电机20与减速器30、离合器40、差速器50依次连接之后安装于壳体10内，使得输出电机20与减速器30、离合器40、差速器50集成到一起，集成度高，占用空间小，方便后期维护。同时输出电机20直接与减速器30轴传动，而无需通过链传动、带传动或齿轮传动，传递效率高。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种后桥，包括如上所述的差速电机。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种助力三轮车，包括如上所述的差速电机。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种助力四轮车，包括如上所述的差速电机。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本申请的保护范围，故：凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种差速电机，其特征在于：包括壳体(10)、输出电机(20)和减速器(30)，所述输出电机(20)与所述减速器(30)均设于所述壳体(10)内，所述壳体(10)的两端均设有用于穿设传动轴的第一穿设孔(121)，所述输出电机(20)的输出轴(21)上设有用于穿设传动轴的第二穿设孔(211)，所述输出电机(20)的输出轴(21)外侧壁上设有与所述输出电机(20)的输出轴(21)呈偏心设置的偏心环(212)；
    所述减速器(30)包括：
    针齿壳(31)，设于所述壳体(10)内且与所述壳体(10)固定连接；
    针齿套(32)，数量为多个且设于所述针齿壳(31)的内侧壁上，多个所述针齿套(32)沿所述针齿壳(31)的周向均匀设置；
    摆线轮(33)，摆动连接于所述针齿壳(31)内，所述摆线轮(33)上设有供所述输出电机(20)的输出轴(21)穿设的摆线孔(331)，所述偏心环(212)插入所述摆线孔(331)内驱使所述摆线轮(33)于所述针齿壳(31)内摆动；以及
    传动连接轴(34)，数量为多个，多个所述传动连接轴(34)沿所述针齿壳(31)的周向间隔设置，所述摆线轮(33)上设有传动孔(332)，所述摆线轮(33)于所述针齿壳(31)内摆动时，所述传动连接轴(34)绕所述输出电机(20)的输出轴(21)转动的同时相对所述传动孔(332)的内侧壁滚动抵接，所述传动连接轴(34)与传动轴连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的差速电机，其特征在于：还包括设于所述壳体(10)内的离合器(40)，所述离合器(40)的外环(41)转动连接于所述输出电机(20)的外侧，所述传动连接轴(34)固定于所述离合器(40)的外环(41)端面上，多个所述传动连接轴(34)沿所述离合器(40)的周向间隔设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的差速电机，其特征在于：多个所述传动连接轴(34)形成的轨迹圆与所述离合器(40)的外环(41)呈同心设置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的差速电机，其特征在于：还包括设于所述壳体(10)内的差速器(50)，所述离合器(40)的内环(42)与所述差速器(50)的输入端固定连接，所述差速器(50)包括：
    差速器壳体(51)，与所述壳体(10)转动连接，所述差速器壳体(51)包括差速器壳身(511)、差速器前端盖(512)和差速器后端盖(513)，所述差速器前端盖(512)与所述差速器后端盖(513)分别设于所述差速器壳身(511)的两端，所述差速器前端盖(512)与所述差速器后端盖(513)均和所述差速器壳身(511)固定连接，所述差速器前端盖(512)与所述离合器(40)的输出端固定连接，所述差速器后端盖(513)与所述差速器前端盖(512)上均设有用于穿设传动轴的第三穿设孔(5121)；
    太阳齿轮(52)，数量为两个，两所述太阳齿轮(52)分别一一对应转动连接于所述差速器前端盖(512)与所述差速器后端盖(513)上，两所述太阳齿轮(52)分别用于连接两传动轴；
    第一行星齿轮(53)，数量至少为一个，所述第一行星齿轮(53)包括第一传动轴(531)、第一差速齿(532)和第一传动齿(533)，所述第一传动轴(531)转动连接于所述差速器壳身(511)内，所述第一差速齿(532)设于所述第一传动轴(531)的外侧壁上且与其中一所述太阳齿轮(52)互相啮合，所述第一传动齿(533)设于所述第一传动轴(531)的外侧壁上；以及
    第二行星齿轮(54)，一个所述第一行星齿轮(53)至多对应设置有两个第二行星齿轮 (54)，所述第二行星齿轮(54)包括第二传动轴(541)、第二差速齿(542)和第二传动齿(543)，所述第二传动轴(541)转动连接于所述差速器壳身(511)内且毗邻所述第一传动轴(531)设置，所述第二差速齿(542)固定于所述第二传动轴(541)的外侧壁上且与另一所述太阳齿轮(52)互相啮合，所述第二传动齿(543)固定于所述第二传动轴(541)的外侧壁上，所述第一差速齿(532)与所述第二传动齿(543)互相啮合，所述第二差速齿(542)与所述第一传动齿(533)互相啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的差速电机，其特征在于：所述太阳齿轮(52)与所述第一行星齿轮(53)、所述第二行星齿轮(54)均为螺旋齿轮，或者所述太阳齿轮(52)与所述第一行星齿轮(53)、所述第二行星齿轮(54)均为直齿轮。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的差速电机，其特征在于：还包括塔基(70)，所述塔基(70)转动连接于所述差速器前端盖(512)上，所述塔基(70)包括飞轮固定套(71)、连接套(72)、棘爪(73)和卡簧(74)，所述飞轮固定套(71)用于安装飞轮，所述连接套(72)与所述飞轮固定套(71)固定连接，所述差速器前端盖(512)远离所述差速器壳身(511)的一侧固定有棘齿套圈(5123)，所述棘齿套圈(5123)的内侧壁上具有多个棘齿，所述连接套(72)穿设于所述棘齿套圈(5123)且与所述棘齿套圈(5123)转动连接，所述连接套(72)的外侧壁上设有棘爪槽(721)，所述棘爪(73)部分位于所述棘爪槽(721)内，所述卡簧(74)套设于所述连接套(72)上，所述连接套(72)的外侧壁上与所述棘爪(73)背向所述连接套(72)的侧壁上均设有供所述卡簧(74)放置的放置槽(722)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的差速电机，其特征在于：还包括扭矩传感器(80)和控制器(60)，所述扭矩传感器(80)套设于所述棘齿套圈(5123)上，所述扭矩传感器(80)用于检测所述飞轮固定套(71)的扭矩并转换为扭矩检测信号，所述控制器(60)与所述扭矩传感器(80)连接以接收扭矩检测信号并根据扭矩检测信号控制所述输出电机(20)的启闭和转速。
  8. 一种后桥，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的差速电机。
  9. 一种助力三轮车，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的差速电机。
  10. 一种助力四轮车，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的差速电机。
PCT/CN2022/126325 2021-11-18 2022-10-20 差速电机、具有该差速电机的后桥、助力三轮车及助力四轮车 WO2023088023A1 (zh)

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