WO2023084779A1 - Climatiseur - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2023084779A1
WO2023084779A1 PCT/JP2021/041927 JP2021041927W WO2023084779A1 WO 2023084779 A1 WO2023084779 A1 WO 2023084779A1 JP 2021041927 W JP2021041927 W JP 2021041927W WO 2023084779 A1 WO2023084779 A1 WO 2023084779A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heat exchanger
valve
control device
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/041927
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雄誠 小野
宗希 石山
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2021/041927 priority Critical patent/WO2023084779A1/fr
Priority to CN202180104077.1A priority patent/CN118215806A/zh
Publication of WO2023084779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023084779A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/10—Pressure
    • F24F2140/12—Heat-exchange fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to air conditioners.
  • An air conditioner includes a compressor and a heat exchanger that discharge high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant to a refrigerant circuit.
  • Patent Document 1 in a state in which the refrigerant is confined in the heat exchanger by closing the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger, refrigerant leakage is determined by detecting a pressure drop in the heat exchanger. It is stated that
  • the refrigerant When the amount of refrigerant trapped in the heat exchanger is large, the refrigerant may exist in the heat exchanger in a liquid state or a two-phase state. In this case, even if a refrigerant leak occurs in the heat exchanger, the refrigerant in the heat exchanger gasifies and the pressure of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger decreases until the pressure is equalized to the saturation pressure. It is not possible to accurately detect the presence of As a result, it may take time to identify the refrigerant leak.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve such problems, and an air conditioner capable of determining refrigerant leakage after making the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit suitable for determining refrigerant leakage. intended to provide
  • the present disclosure relates to air conditioners.
  • the air conditioner includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first valve, a second valve, and a refrigerant that includes the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve, the second A refrigerant circuit that circulates in order of two heat exchangers, a second valve, and a compressor; a first temperature sensor that detects a first temperature of a heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger; A second temperature sensor that detects a second temperature of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the exchanger; a first pressure sensor that detects a first pressure of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger; a second pressure sensor for detecting a second pressure of the refrigerant; A refrigerant leak is determined based on the first pressure, and when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the refrigerant leak is determined based on the second pressure with the first valve and the second
  • an air conditioner capable of determining refrigerant leakage after bringing the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit into a state suitable for determining refrigerant leakage.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner (Embodiment 1);
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner (Embodiment 1);
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 1).
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the details of the leakage determination process shown in FIG. 3 (Embodiment 1);
  • FIG. 10 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner (Embodiment 2).
  • FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner (Embodiment 2);
  • FIG. 11 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a first pump-down operation (Embodiment 2);
  • FIG. 9 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a second pump-down operation (Embodiment 2).
  • 9 is a flow chart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 2).
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the details of indoor leakage determination processing shown in FIG. 9 (Embodiment 2).
  • FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the details of the outdoor leakage determination process shown in FIG. 9 (Embodiment 2).
  • FIG. FIG. 11 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner (Embodiment 3).
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 4).
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner 100 (Embodiment 1).
  • an air conditioner 100 includes a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, an electronic expansion valve 3, a second heat exchanger 4, a first valve 11 and a second valve 12. and a control device 50 . These various devices are connected by refrigerant pipes 10 .
  • a first valve 11 that closes the refrigerant pipe 10 is provided between the electronic expansion valve 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • a second valve 12 that closes the refrigerant pipe 10 is provided between the second heat exchanger and the compressor 1 .
  • the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 are composed of electromagnetic valves, for example.
  • the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 may be electronic expansion valves.
  • the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 constitute a closing mechanism that closes the refrigerant circuit (refrigerant pipe 10).
  • the first heat exchanger 2 is positioned on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit when the compressor 1 is driven. Therefore, the first heat exchanger 2 functions as a condenser.
  • the second heat exchanger 4 is positioned on the low pressure side of the refrigerant circuit when the compressor 1 is driven. Therefore, the second heat exchanger 4 functions as an evaporator.
  • the air conditioner 100 functions as a heater that warms the indoor space.
  • the air conditioner 100 can be a cooler or a refrigerator that cools the indoor space. function as
  • the control device 50 includes a processor 51 and a memory 52 .
  • the memory 52 includes ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and flash memory.
  • the flash memory stores an operating system, application programs, and various data.
  • Processor 51 executes an operating system and application programs stored in memory 52 .
  • the control device 50 refers to various data stored in the memory 52 when executing the application program.
  • the control device 50 is arranged inside the indoor unit.
  • the control device 50 may be arranged inside the outdoor unit.
  • the compressor 1 circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit by increasing the pressure of the sucked refrigerant and then discharging the refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the first heat exchanger 2 and the outside air.
  • a high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant flows from the compressor 1 into the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • a first temperature sensor 21 is provided at the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the first temperature sensor 21 detects the temperature of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the heat medium is air existing in the space where the first heat exchanger 2 is installed. In other words, the first temperature sensor 21 detects the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • a first pressure sensor 31 is provided at the refrigerant outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • a first pressure sensor 31 detects the pressure of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the arrangement positions of the first temperature sensor 21 and the first pressure sensor 31 may be reversed.
  • the electronic expansion valve 3 adjusts the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant by adjusting the degree of opening.
  • the electronic expansion valve 3 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant by expanding the refrigerant condensed by the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the electronic expansion valve 3 constitutes a decompression device.
  • Low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows from the electronic expansion valve 3 into the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the second heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the second heat exchanger 4 and the outside air.
  • a second temperature sensor 22 is provided at the refrigerant inlet of the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the second temperature sensor 22 detects the temperature of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the heat medium is air existing in the space where the second heat exchanger 4 is installed. In other words, the second temperature sensor 22 detects the ambient temperature of the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • a second pressure sensor 32 is provided at the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • a second pressure sensor 32 detects the pressure of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the arrangement positions of the second temperature sensor 22 and the second pressure sensor 32 may be reversed.
  • Refrigerant such as Freon circulates in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 100 .
  • Ammonia, carbon dioxide, propane, or the like may be used as refrigerants other than Freon.
  • the air conditioner 100 circulates the refrigerant through the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the electronic expansion valve 3, the first valve 11, the second heat exchanger 4, the second valve 12, and the compressor 1 in this order.
  • a first order of circulating the refrigerant in such order is indicated by the arrows shown in FIG.
  • the control device 50 has a function of detecting refrigerant leakage in the refrigerant circuit when the compressor 1 is not driven. With the refrigerant pipe 10 closed by the first valve 11 and the second valve 12, the control device 50 checks the change in refrigerant pressure based on the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 or the second pressure sensor 32. . The control device 50 determines that refrigerant leakage has occurred in the first heat exchanger 2 when the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 gradually decreases over time. The control device 50 determines that refrigerant leakage has occurred in the second heat exchanger 4 when the detection value of the second pressure sensor 32 gradually decreases with the lapse of time.
  • control device 50 determines whether the refrigerant leakage occurs in the one with the higher ambient temperature out of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the reason is explained.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 Refrigerant is not evenly distributed in the This is because the refrigerant has the property of flowing from a space with a high temperature to a space with a low temperature.
  • the refrigerant circuit on the side with the lower temperature contains more refrigerant than the refrigerant circuit on the higher temperature side.
  • the refrigerant may not be completely gasified in the refrigerant circuit on the lower temperature side. In other words, refrigerant may exist in the liquid state or two-phase state in the refrigerant circuit on the lower temperature side.
  • the control device 50 determines whether the refrigerant leak is present in the first heat exchanger 2 or the second heat exchanger 4, whichever has the higher ambient temperature.
  • control device 50 first determines the refrigerant leakage from the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 with the higher ambient temperature, and then determines the refrigerant leakage from the one with the lower ambient temperature. You may This is because, when refrigerant leakage occurs in the side with the lower ambient temperature, the pressure of the refrigerant in the side with the lower ambient temperature is expected to equalize to the saturation pressure over time.
  • the control device 50 determines which of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 has a refrigerant leak based on the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 and the ambient temperature of the second heat exchanger 4. and based on Control device 50 identifies the ambient temperature of first heat exchanger 2 and the ambient temperature of second heat exchanger 4 based on the detection values of first temperature sensor 21 and second temperature sensor 22 . Of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4, the control device 50 determines whether or not there is a refrigerant leak in the one with the higher ambient temperature.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 100 (Embodiment 1).
  • the configuration of control device 50 shown in FIG. 2 is implemented by processor 51 and memory 52 shown in FIG.
  • the control device 50 includes an operation control unit 55, a storage unit 56, a leakage determination unit 57, and a notification unit 58.
  • a detection value of the first temperature sensor 21 , a detection value of the second temperature sensor 22 , a detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 , and a detection value of the second pressure sensor 32 are input to the control device 50 .
  • First temperature sensor 21 and second temperature sensor 22 are configured by, for example, thermistors.
  • the first pressure sensor 31 and the second pressure sensor 32 are, for example, electronic pressure sensors.
  • the operation control unit 55 controls the compressor 1 , the electronic expansion valve 3 , the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 .
  • the operation control unit 55 controls the operating frequency of the compressor 1, the degree of opening of the electronic expansion valve 3, the degree of opening of the first valve 11, and the degree of opening of the second valve 12 according to the program stored in the storage unit 56. .
  • the operation control unit 55 receives a start signal and a stop signal transmitted from a remote controller or the like.
  • the operation control unit 55 drives the compressor 1 when receiving the start signal, and stops driving the compressor 1 when receiving the stop signal.
  • the leakage determining unit 57 detects refrigerant leakage in the refrigerant circuit when the refrigerant circuit is separated between the first heat exchanger 2 side and the second heat exchanger 4 side by the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 . judge.
  • the leakage determination unit 57 notifies the notification unit 58 of the determination result.
  • the notification unit 58 outputs the determination result.
  • the notification unit 58 may output the determination result to the display device 60 .
  • display device 60 may be mounted on a remote controller of air conditioner 100 .
  • a user, a maintenance company, or the like can know the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage according to the determination result displayed on the display device 60 .
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 1). Processing based on this flowchart is implemented by the control device 50 .
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not a stop signal has been received (step S101).
  • the stop signal is a signal instructing to stop the air conditioning operation of the air conditioner 100 .
  • the stop signal is transmitted from the remote controller of air conditioner 100 to control device 50 .
  • step S102 is a step of acquiring the outdoor and indoor temperatures.
  • control device 50 executes leakage determination processing (step S103). After the leakage determination process, the control device 50 outputs the determination result (step S104). For example, control device 50 outputs the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage to display device 60 (see FIG. 2).
  • the leakage determination process step S103 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the details of the leakage determination process shown in FIG. 3 (Embodiment 1).
  • the control device 50 determines which of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 has a higher ambient temperature (step S105).
  • the control device 50 makes the determination in step S105 based on the ambient temperature acquired in step S102 of FIG.
  • the control device 50 sets the one with the higher ambient temperature among the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 as an inspection target for refrigerant leakage (steps S106 and S107). In other words, of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4, the control device 50 selects the one in which the amount of refrigerant decreases when the refrigerant is dispersed, that is, the one in which the refrigerant is easily gasified. set as
  • control device 50 stops driving the compressor 1 (step S108).
  • step S108 By stopping the driving of the compressor 1, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is dispersed according to the temperature of the refrigerant circuit. As a result, more refrigerant flows into one of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 where the ambient temperature is lower.
  • the control device 50 may execute step S108 of stopping the driving of the compressor 1 before making the determination of step S105. For example, control device 50 may execute step S108 between steps S101 and S102 in FIG.
  • the control device 50 closes the first valve 11 after the operating frequency of the compressor 1 reaches 0 Hz (step S109).
  • the control device 50 starts counting the first waiting time (step S110), and determines whether or not the first waiting time has passed (step S111).
  • the control device 50 closes the second valve 12 when the first waiting time has elapsed (step S112). Closing the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 separates the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 100 into the first heat exchanger 2 side and the second heat exchanger 4 side.
  • the first waiting time is set to a time required for the refrigerant to disperse according to temperature within the refrigerant circuit.
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P1 to be inspected (step S113).
  • the pressure P1 is detected by the first pressure sensor 31 .
  • the pressure P ⁇ b>1 is detected by the second pressure sensor 32 .
  • the control device 50 starts counting the second waiting time in order to confirm the change in the pressure P1 (step S114).
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not the second waiting time has passed (step S115), and counts the second waiting time until the second waiting time passes.
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P2 to be tested when the second waiting time has elapsed (step S116).
  • control device 50 determines whether or not P1-P2 exceeds the reference value Pth (step S117). When P1-P2 exceeds reference value Pth, control device 50 determines that there is refrigerant leakage (step S118). When P1-P2 does not exceed reference value Pth, controller 50 determines that there is no refrigerant leakage (step S119). After that, the control device 50 ends the processing based on this flowchart, and proceeds to step S104 in FIG. In step S104, for example, a signal may be output to the display device 60 (FIG. 2) to display a message "There is a refrigerant leak in the first heat exchanger 2." The signal may also include the second wait time and the value of P1-P2.
  • the one in which the amount of refrigerant decreases when the refrigerant is dispersed that is, the one in which the ambient temperature is higher to be inspected for refrigerant leaks.
  • the refrigerant leakage target is set to the one with the lower ambient temperature, it is possible to accurately detect that the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit decreases until the pressure of the refrigerant is equalized to the saturation pressure. Inconvenience such as inability to detect well does not occur.
  • the air conditioner 100 capable of determining the refrigerant leakage after making the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in a state suitable for the determination of the refrigerant leakage.
  • FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2.
  • the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1 uses the ambient temperature difference between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 in order to quickly determine refrigerant leakage in the refrigerant circuit. It is characterized by the fact that More specifically, the air conditioner 100 measures the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 and the ambient temperature of the second heat exchanger 4, and the one with the higher temperature, that is, the one with the smaller amount of refrigerant, A refrigerant leak is determined by checking for a pressure drop.
  • the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1 may not be able to make full use of its features. Therefore, in the air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2, when the ambient temperature difference between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 is small, Force the refrigerant to move to one side. In this way, the air conditioner 200 forcibly causes the amount of refrigerant to be uneven between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 . After that, the air conditioner 200 determines refrigerant leakage by checking a decrease in refrigerant pressure in the first heat exchanger 2 or the second heat exchanger 4, whichever has the smaller amount of refrigerant.
  • the air conditioner 200 will be described in more detail below.
  • the air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2 differs from the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1 in that a four-way valve 5 is provided.
  • the four-way valve 5 is controlled by the controller 50 .
  • the control device 50 sets the refrigerant discharge destination of the compressor 1 to the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 by switching the state of the four-way valve 5 between the first state and the second state.
  • FIG. 5 shows a state in which the refrigerant discharge destination of the compressor 1 is set to the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • a first sequence is configured to circulate the refrigerant.
  • a second sequence is configured to circulate the refrigerant.
  • the control device 50 when the first heat exchanger 2 is the outdoor unit and the second heat exchanger 4 is the indoor unit, the control device 50 performs cooling operation to cool the room. By switching the state of the four-way valve 5, the control device 50 switches the operation mode from the cooling operation for cooling the room to the heating operation for warming the room.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 200 (Embodiment 2).
  • the configuration of air conditioner 200 differs from the configuration of air conditioner 100 shown in FIG. 2 in that a four-way valve 5 is added.
  • the operation control section 55 is connected to the four-way valve 5 .
  • the operation control unit 55 controls the four-way valve 5 to set the refrigerant discharge destinations of the compressor 1 to the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the configuration of the air conditioner 200 is common to the configuration of the air conditioner 100 except for the configuration of the four-way valve 5 . Therefore, further description will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the first pump-down operation (Embodiment 2).
  • FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a second pump-down operation (Embodiment 2). 7 and 8, illustration of the control device 50 is omitted.
  • pump-down operation means operation in which the compressor is driven with the refrigerant circuit closed at the outlet of the condenser in the direction of refrigerant flow.
  • the pump-down operation forces the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to collect in the condenser.
  • the pump-down operation may be performed for the purpose of moving the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to the outdoor unit and recovering it before the air conditioner 200 is relocated.
  • the air conditioner 200 uses pump-down operation to forcibly move the refrigerant to one of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the air conditioner 200 forcibly causes an imbalance in the amount of refrigerant between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the air conditioner 200 is configured to perform a first pump-down operation and a second pump-down operation. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, here, the case where the outdoor unit 201 is configured by the first heat exchanger 2 and the indoor unit 202 is configured by the second heat exchanger 4 is taken as an example. An operation and a second pump-down operation will be described.
  • the first pump-down operation is performed to collect the refrigerant to the first heat exchanger 2.
  • the four-way valve 5 is set to the state shown in FIG.
  • the first valve 11 is closed and the second valve is open.
  • the compressor 1 is driven in this state, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is discharged to the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the control device 50 can effectively determine refrigerant leakage based on the detection value of the second pressure sensor 32 .
  • a second pump-down operation is performed to collect the refrigerant to the second heat exchanger 4.
  • the four-way valve 5 is set to the state shown in FIG.
  • the first valve 11 is closed and the second valve is open.
  • the compressor 1 is driven in this state, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is discharged to the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • the control device 50 can effectively determine refrigerant leakage based on the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 .
  • the outdoor unit 201 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 includes a first valve 11 and a second valve 12.
  • the indoor unit 202 may be configured to include the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 .
  • One of the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 may be included in the outdoor unit 201 and the other may be included in the indoor unit 202 .
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 2). Processing based on this flowchart is implemented by the control device 50 .
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not a stop signal has been received (step S201).
  • the stop signal is a signal instructing to stop the air conditioning operation of the air conditioner 100 .
  • the stop signal is transmitted from the remote controller of air conditioner 100 to control device 50 .
  • step S202 is a step of acquiring the outdoor and indoor temperatures.
  • control device 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the ambient temperature acquired from the first temperature sensor 21 and the ambient temperature acquired from the second temperature sensor 22 exceeds the threshold Tth (step S203). When determining that the temperature difference exceeds the threshold value Tth, the control device 50 executes leakage determination processing (step S204).
  • the processing executed in step S204 is steps S105 to S119 described as the first embodiment.
  • the control device 50 naturally disperses the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit by the method described as the first embodiment. , causing a bias in the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the control device 50 checks for a decrease in refrigerant pressure in the one of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 where the ambient temperature is higher, that is, in the one where the amount of refrigerant is smaller. Determine refrigerant leakage.
  • the details of the processing in step S204 have already been explained in steps S105 to S119, so further explanation will not be repeated here.
  • control device 50 determines that the temperature difference does not exceed the threshold value Tth, it executes the indoor leakage determination process (step S206) and the outdoor leakage determination process (step S208), and also executes the process of outputting the determination result. (step S207, step S209).
  • the indoor leakage determination process is a process of determining refrigerant leakage in the second heat exchanger 4 that constitutes the indoor unit 202 .
  • the indoor leakage determination processing includes a first pump-down operation for collecting the refrigerant to the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • FIG. 10 shows the details of the indoor leakage determination process.
  • the outdoor leakage determination process is a process of determining refrigerant leakage in the first heat exchanger 2 that constitutes the outdoor unit 201 .
  • the outdoor leakage determination processing includes a second pump-down operation for collecting the refrigerant to the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • FIG. 11 shows the details of the indoor leakage determination process.
  • control device 50 After the indoor leakage determination process, the control device 50 outputs the determination result to the outside (step S207), and after the outdoor leakage determination process, outputs the determination result to the outside (step S209).
  • steps S207 and S209 are the same as those of step S104 already described, and thus the description of the processes will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the details of the indoor leakage determination process shown in FIG. 9 (Embodiment 2).
  • the control device 50 closes the first valve 11 (step S211).
  • the control device 50 starts the first pump-down operation (step S212).
  • four-way valve 5 is set as shown in FIG. 7, compressor 1 is driven, and refrigerant is collected in first heat exchanger 2 of outdoor unit 201 .
  • the control device 50 counts the third waiting time (step S213).
  • the third waiting time is set to an appropriate time as the time required for most of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to move to the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not the third waiting time has passed (step S214), and counts the third waiting time until the third waiting time passes.
  • the control device 50 closes the second valve 12 when the third standby time has passed (step S215). Thereby, the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 200 is separated into the first heat exchanger 2 side and the second heat exchanger 4 side. Next, the control device 50 stops driving the compressor 1 (step S216). This completes the first pump-down operation. Since most of the refrigerant is collected in the first heat exchanger 2 , the amount of refrigerant is greatly uneven between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 . The amount of refrigerant that remains is much smaller in the second heat exchanger 4 than in the first heat exchanger 2 . Therefore, a state is created in which refrigerant leakage can be effectively determined based on the detection value of the second pressure sensor 32 .
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P1 of the second heat exchanger 4 from the second pressure sensor 32 (step S217).
  • the control device 50 starts counting the second waiting time in order to confirm the change in the pressure P1 (step S218).
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not the second waiting time has passed (step S219), and counts the second waiting time until the second waiting time passes.
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P2 of the second heat exchanger 4 from the second pressure sensor 32 when the second standby time has elapsed (step S220).
  • control device 50 determines whether or not P1-P2 exceeds the reference value Pth (step S221). When P1-P2 exceeds reference value Pth, control device 50 determines that there is refrigerant leakage (step S222). When P1-P2 does not exceed reference value Pth, controller 50 determines that there is no refrigerant leakage (step S223). Next, controller 50 opens first valve 11 and second valve 12 . After that, the control device 50 ends the processing based on this flowchart, and proceeds to step S207 in FIG. In step S207, for example, a signal may be output to display device 60 (FIG. 2) to display a message "Refrigerant leak in second heat exchanger 4". The signal may also include the second wait time and the value of P1-P2.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the details of the outdoor leakage determination process shown in FIG. 9 (Embodiment 2).
  • This flowchart differs from the flowchart of FIG. 10 in that the second pump-down operation is executed as the pump-down operation and the refrigerant leakage is determined for the refrigerant circuit on the first heat exchanger 2 side. Therefore, except for steps S232, S237, and S240 of FIG. 11, the flowchart of FIG. 11 is similar to the flowchart of FIG.
  • control device 50 closes the first valve 11 (step S231).
  • control device 50 starts the second pump-down operation (step S232).
  • four-way valve 5 is set as shown in FIG. 8, compressor 1 is driven, and refrigerant is collected in second heat exchanger 4 of indoor unit 202 .
  • control device 50 counts the third waiting time (step S233).
  • the third standby time is set to an appropriate time as the time required for most of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to move to the second heat exchanger 4 .
  • control device 50 determines whether or not the third waiting time has passed (step S234), and counts the third waiting time until the third waiting time passes.
  • the control device 50 closes the second valve 12 when the third waiting time has elapsed (step S235). Thereby, the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 200 is separated into the first heat exchanger 2 side and the second heat exchanger 4 side. Next, the control device 50 stops driving the compressor 1 (step S236). This completes the second pump-down operation. Since most of the refrigerant is collected in the second heat exchanger 4 , the amount of refrigerant is greatly uneven between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 . The amount of refrigerant that remains is much smaller in the first heat exchanger 2 than in the second heat exchanger 4 . Therefore, a state is created in which refrigerant leakage can be effectively determined based on the detection value of the first pressure sensor 31 .
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P1 of the first heat exchanger 2 from the first pressure sensor 31 (step S237).
  • the control device 50 starts counting the second standby time in order to confirm the change in the pressure P1 (step S238).
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not the second waiting time has passed (step S239), and counts the second waiting time until the second waiting time passes.
  • the control device 50 acquires the pressure P2 of the first heat exchanger 2 from the first pressure sensor 31 when the second waiting time has elapsed (step S240).
  • control device 50 determines whether or not P1-P2 exceeds the reference value Pth (step S241). When P1-P2 exceeds reference value Pth, control device 50 determines that there is refrigerant leakage (step S242). When P1-P2 does not exceed reference value Pth, controller 50 determines that there is no refrigerant leakage (step S243). Next, the controller 50 opens the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 (step S244). After that, the control device 50 ends the processing based on this flowchart, and proceeds to step S209 in FIG. In step S209, for example, a signal may be output to the display device 60 (FIG. 2) to display a message "There is a refrigerant leak in the first heat exchanger 2." The signal may also include the second wait time and the value of P1-P2.
  • the air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2 even when the ambient temperature difference between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 is small, the first heat By forcibly creating an imbalance in the amount of refrigerant between the exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4, refrigerant leakage in the refrigerant circuit can be quickly determined in the same manner as the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment. can do.
  • Embodiment 2 by executing the first pump-down operation and the second pump-down operation using the four-way valve 5, refrigerant leakage can be determined in both the outdoor unit 201 and the indoor unit 202. Therefore, it is possible to identify whether the refrigerant leak is occurring in the outdoor unit 201 or the indoor unit 202 . Since the location where the refrigerant leak is occurring can be specified, it is possible to quickly carry out appropriate repairs to eliminate the refrigerant leak.
  • the process is executed in the order of indoor leakage determination (step S206) and outdoor leakage determination (step S208).
  • the indoor unit 202 is prioritized over the outdoor unit 201 to determine the refrigerant leak, so it is possible to detect the refrigerant leak in the indoor unit earlier than the refrigerant leak in the outdoor unit. is.
  • FIG. 12 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner 300 (Embodiment 3).
  • the electronic expansion valve 3 and the first valve 11 of the air conditioner 100 according to Embodiment 1 are also used by the decompression device 30 .
  • the decompression device 30 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger 2 to the second heat exchanger 4 by expanding the refrigerant condensed by the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the decompression device 30 closes the refrigerant circuit together with the second valve 12 when determining refrigerant leakage.
  • the decompression device 30 is controlled by the control device 50 .
  • the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment.
  • the decompression device 30 may be applied to the air conditioner 200 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining refrigerant leakage (Embodiment 4).
  • the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 13 is applied to the air conditioner 100 described as the first embodiment.
  • the air conditioner 100 determines refrigerant leakage when receiving a stop signal. In Embodiment 4, the air conditioner 100 repeatedly determines refrigerant leakage when the operation of the air conditioner 100 is stopped.
  • the control device 50 determines whether or not the operation is stopped, that is, whether or not the driving of the compressor 1 is stopped (step S301). If the driving of the compressor 1 has not stopped, the control device 50 ends the processing based on this flowchart. When the driving of the compressor 1 is stopped, the control device 50 starts counting the fourth waiting time (step S302).
  • control device 50 determines whether or not the fourth waiting time has passed (step S303), and counts the fourth waiting time until the fourth waiting time passes.
  • the controller 50 acquires the ambient temperatures of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 from the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 when the fourth waiting time has elapsed (step S304). .
  • step S305 the control device 50 executes leakage determination processing.
  • the leakage determination process is the same as the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. Therefore, the description thereof will not be repeated here.
  • step S306 the determination result. This process is the same as step S104 in FIG. Therefore, the description thereof will not be repeated here.
  • step S307 the control device 50 determines whether or not the activation signal has been received.
  • the activation signal is transmitted from a remote controller or the like when the operation of the air conditioner 100 is started.
  • control device 50 If the control device 50 has not received the activation signal, the process returns to step S302. When receiving the activation signal, the control device 50 ends the processing based on this flowchart.
  • Embodiment 4 refrigerant leakage is determined while operation is stopped. Therefore, when refrigerant leakage is detected, the air conditioner 100 can be repaired using the operation stop period.
  • Embodiments 1 to 4 have been described in order above, Embodiments 1 to 4 may be combined arbitrarily. Modifications will be described below.
  • the positions of the electronic expansion valve 3 and the first valve 11 may be interchanged.
  • the ambient temperatures of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 were measured, then the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 were closed.
  • the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 may also be measured after the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 are closed.
  • Embodiment 2 it is desirable to measure the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 4 before closing the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 . This is because the temperature difference between the ambient temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 and the ambient temperature of the second heat exchanger 4 may not exceed the threshold.
  • the first temperature sensor 21 may be provided at any position in the air conditioner 100 as long as it can detect the temperature of the air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 . It is desirable to provide the first temperature sensor 21 in the first heat exchanger 2 itself. For example, if it is provided on a cover that covers the first heat exchanger 2, the measured temperature may be affected by disturbance. Similarly, it is desirable to provide the second temperature sensor 22 in the second heat exchanger 4 itself.
  • the second valve 12 is closed after the first valve 11 is closed.
  • the first valve 11 may be closed after the second valve 12 is closed.
  • the present disclosure relates to an air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner includes a compressor (1), a first heat exchanger (2), a second heat exchanger (4), a first valve (11), a second valve (12), and a refrigerant , a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first valve, a second heat exchanger, a second valve, and a refrigerant circuit ( FIG.
  • a first temperature sensor (21) that detects a first temperature of the heat medium that flows through the second heat exchanger
  • a second temperature sensor (22) that detects a second temperature of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchanger
  • a first pressure sensor (31) for detecting a first pressure of refrigerant in one heat exchanger
  • a second pressure sensor (32) for detecting a second pressure of refrigerant in a second heat exchanger
  • a control device When the first temperature is higher than the second temperature, the control device prevents refrigerant leakage based on the first pressure while the first valve and the second valve are closed (steps S109 and S112). (Steps S105 to S119), and when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, the first valve and the second valve are closed (Steps S109, S112), the refrigerant is Leakage is determined (steps S105
  • the air conditioner further comprises a four-way valve (5), which switches the order in which the refrigerant circulates between the first order and the second order. 1 heat exchanger, the first valve, the second heat exchanger, the second valve, and the compressor, and in the second order, the refrigerant flows through the compressor, the second valve, the second heat exchanger, the first Circulating in the order of the valve, the first heat exchanger, and the compressor (FIGS. 7 and 8), the first operation is when the order of refrigerant circulation is set to the first order, the first valve is closed, the compressor is driven, and then the second valve is closed to collect the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger (Fig. 7).
  • the control device is configured to execute either the first operation or the second operation when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is smaller than the threshold (steps S203, S206, Step S208), when executing the first operation, determine the refrigerant leakage based on the second pressure after the first operation (steps S217 to S223), when executing the second operation, after the second operation , the first pressure is used to determine refrigerant leakage (steps S237 to S243).
  • the refrigerant leakage is determined after the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is in a state suitable for the determination of the refrigerant leakage. can do.
  • one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger constitutes the outdoor unit (201) and the other constitutes the indoor unit (202).
  • the judgment of the refrigerant leakage that occurs in the outdoor unit is prioritized over the judgment of the refrigerant leakage that occurs in the outdoor unit (steps S206 and S208).
  • the refrigerant leakage is determined by prioritizing the outdoor unit over the outdoor unit, so it is possible to detect refrigerant leakage in the indoor unit earlier.
  • the control device outputs a signal for informing of the determination result of refrigerant leakage (58). According to the disclosure of (4) above, it is possible to specify the determination result of refrigerant leakage.
  • the control device closes the first valve and the second valve when receiving a stop signal instructing to stop driving the compressor (steps S108 to S112).
  • refrigerant leakage can be determined while the operation of the air conditioner is stopped.
  • control device After closing one of the first valve and the second valve, the control device closes the other after the elapse of the reference time (steps S109 to S112).
  • the controller After determining the first temperature and the second temperature, the controller closes the first valve and closes the second valve (steps S105, S109 to S112).
  • the second valve is composed of a decompression device (30) that reduces the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger in the refrigerant circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un climatiseur (100) comprend un compresseur (1), un premier échangeur thermique (2), un second échangeur thermique (4), une première vanne (11), une seconde vanne (12), un premier capteur de température (21), un second capteur de température (22), un premier capteur de pression (31), un second capteur de pression (32) et un dispositif de commande (50). Lorsque la température détectée par le premier capteur de température (21) est supérieure à la température détectée par le second capteur de température (22), le dispositif de commande (50) détermine s'il existe une fuite de réfrigérant sur la base d'une valeur détectée par le premier capteur de pression (31) lorsque la première vanne (11) et la seconde vanne (12) sont fermées et, lorsque la température détectée par le second capteur de température (22) est supérieure à la température détectée par le premier (21), le dispositif de commande (50) détermine s'il existe une fuite de réfrigérant sur la base d'une valeur détectée par le second capteur de pression (32) lorsque la première (11) et la seconde vanne (12) sont fermées.
PCT/JP2021/041927 2021-11-15 2021-11-15 Climatiseur WO2023084779A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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PCT/JP2021/041927 WO2023084779A1 (fr) 2021-11-15 2021-11-15 Climatiseur
CN202180104077.1A CN118215806A (zh) 2021-11-15 2021-11-15 空调机

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04369370A (ja) * 1991-06-14 1992-12-22 Hitachi Ltd 冷凍装置
JPH10213365A (ja) 1997-01-30 1998-08-11 Denso Corp 空調装置
JP2005241050A (ja) * 2004-02-24 2005-09-08 Mitsubishi Electric Building Techno Service Co Ltd 空調システム
JP2015206509A (ja) * 2014-04-18 2015-11-19 日立アプライアンス株式会社 冷温熱機器
WO2018011994A1 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
WO2020008625A1 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04369370A (ja) * 1991-06-14 1992-12-22 Hitachi Ltd 冷凍装置
JPH10213365A (ja) 1997-01-30 1998-08-11 Denso Corp 空調装置
JP2005241050A (ja) * 2004-02-24 2005-09-08 Mitsubishi Electric Building Techno Service Co Ltd 空調システム
JP2015206509A (ja) * 2014-04-18 2015-11-19 日立アプライアンス株式会社 冷温熱機器
WO2018011994A1 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
WO2020008625A1 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique

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