WO2023071573A1 - 一种水面可折叠急造跑道 - Google Patents

一种水面可折叠急造跑道 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071573A1
WO2023071573A1 PCT/CN2022/118619 CN2022118619W WO2023071573A1 WO 2023071573 A1 WO2023071573 A1 WO 2023071573A1 CN 2022118619 W CN2022118619 W CN 2022118619W WO 2023071573 A1 WO2023071573 A1 WO 2023071573A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
runway
folding
foldable
inflation
water surface
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PCT/CN2022/118619
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王博
刘相新
黎兰
李称赞
李曜
Original Assignee
北京航天发射技术研究所
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Application filed by 北京航天发射技术研究所 filed Critical 北京航天发射技术研究所
Priority to US18/003,985 priority Critical patent/US20240092461A1/en
Publication of WO2023071573A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071573A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/50—Vessels or floating structures for aircraft
    • B63B35/53—Floating runways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B7/00—Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels
    • B63B7/06—Collapsible, foldable, inflatable or like vessels having parts of non-rigid material
    • B63B7/08—Inflatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
    • B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers

Definitions

  • the present invention claims the priority of the application proposed by the applicant, the application date is October 25, 2021, the application number is CN2021112384943, and the application name is "a foldable emergency runway on water surface".
  • the entire content of the above application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the present application relates to the technical field of rapidly building airstrips, in particular to a water surface foldable rapid building runway.
  • the water surface runway is an important technical basis guarantee for the aircraft to perform the tasks of takeoff and landing on the water surface.
  • Traditional water surface runways and rush-built runways generally have the following problems: traditional water surface runways are set up as fixed facilities with fixed positions, and cannot be quickly deployed and recovered as needed; traditional water surface runways are expensive, long construction period, huge system, and Runways usually need to be built close to the coast, which cannot meet the conditions for aircraft takeoff and landing under open sea conditions; there are many applications and research foundations in the field of rapid construction of runways on land.
  • the application When it is on the water surface, it needs to provide a large buoyancy for the emergency runway to support its own weight, so it cannot be used directly on the water surface; the water surface runway based on the ship is one of the important functions of the aircraft carrier, but this method requires the aircraft carrier to have a higher speed. Compared with the flight speed, it is not comparable at all, so if you want to use the aircraft carrier to provide a rush-built runway, you need the aircraft carrier to arrive at the destination in advance.
  • the present invention aims to provide a foldable emergency runway on the water surface, which has the advantages of low cost, small space occupation, convenient transportation and short construction time, and has the characteristics of strong overturning resistance, compression resistance and flex resistance.
  • the present invention provides a foldable emergency runway on water, which includes a storage box, and also includes:
  • the folding runway is made of light and flexible material, and has an internal gas-filled to carry the unfolded state of the aircraft, and a folded state when the internal vacuum;
  • the recovery device is set in the storage box and connected with the folding runway, which is used to push the folding runway out of the storage box when it needs to be unfolded, and retract the folding runway into the storage box after being folded;
  • the retracting device is arranged on the folding runway to assist the unfolding and folding of the folding runway;
  • the inflation and deflation device is set in the storage box and is sealed and connected to the folding runway through a pipeline and communicated with the inside of the folding runway, so as to inflate the folding runway when unfolded and exhaust the folded runway when it is folded;
  • the anchoring device is arranged on the bottom surface of the folding runway, and is used for fixing the unfolded folding runway in water.
  • the present invention provides a collapsible emergency runway on water surface, which also includes:
  • An attitude monitoring system located on the folding runway, is used to monitor the state data of the folding runway itself and the hydrological information of the positions around the folding runway;
  • the attitude control system is electrically connected with the recovery device, the retraction device, the inflation and deflation device and the anchoring device respectively, and is used to control the recovery device, the retraction device, the inflation and deflation device and the anchoring device to complete corresponding actions according to corresponding control instructions.
  • the present invention provides a foldable emergency runway on the water surface, wherein the foldable runway includes an outer non-slip hydrophobic layer and an inner reinforcing layer, and the outer anti-slip hydrophobic layer and the inner reinforcing layer are bonded by means of glue, and the outer The non-slip hydrophobic layer and the internal reinforcement layer enclose a closed space and define the expanded shape of the folded runway after inflated by drawing.
  • the present invention is a foldable emergency runway on water, wherein the recovery device includes at least one first telescopic assembly, the fixed end of the first telescopic assembly is fixedly connected to the storage box, and the movable end of the first telescopic assembly is connected to the folding runway connection.
  • the present invention provides a collapsible emergency runway on water surface, wherein the shrinking device includes a plurality of second telescopic assemblies and a plurality of third telescopic assemblies, and the plurality of second telescopic assemblies are arranged at intervals on the folding runway.
  • the third telescopic assemblies are spaced apart from each other and arranged between two adjacent second telescopic assemblies.
  • the present invention provides a collapsible emergency runway on water, wherein the movable end of the first telescopic assembly is connected to the folding runway through a second telescopic assembly close to the storage box.
  • the present invention is a foldable emergency runway on the water surface, wherein the inflation and deflation device includes an inflation device, an air extraction device, an inflation valve and an exhaust valve, and the inflation device communicates with the interior of the folding runway through an inflation pipeline,
  • the inflation valve is installed on the inflation pipeline, the suction device is connected to one end of the exhaust valve through the exhaust pipeline, and the other end of the exhaust valve is connected to the inflation pipeline.
  • the present invention is a collapsible emergency runway on the water surface
  • the anchoring device includes an anchor chain retractable device, an anchor chain and an anchor, one end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor chain retractable device, and the other end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor chain retractable device.
  • the anchor is fixedly connected, when the folded runway is in the folded state, the anchor chain is in the recovery state; when the folded runway is in the stretched state, the anchor chain is in the released state.
  • the present invention provides a foldable emergency runway on water surface, wherein multiple anchoring devices are provided.
  • the present invention provides a foldable emergency runway on water, wherein the attitude monitoring system includes sensors, the sensors are arranged on the foldable runway, and the sensors are electrically connected to the attitude control system.
  • the foldable emergency runway on the water surface of the present invention has the following advantages: when not in use, all components are placed in the storage box, which takes up less space and is convenient for storage and transportation. When it needs to be used, it can be put into the designated location in the designated waters by aircraft or ship according to actual needs, and the folding runway can be pushed out from the storage box by using the recovery device, and the folding runway can be unfolded by using the shrinking device and the inflation and deflation device.
  • the folding runway is made of light flexible inflatable material, which has strong pressure resistance and flex resistance It can be used as a take-off and landing runway for fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters. And compared with the existing water surface runway, the cost of the present invention is lower, does not need a long time to build, and does not depend on ships, and is more suitable for use as emergency equipment; it also has strong anti-overturning properties, and can be used in extreme weather It can be used as a temporary berthing place for emergency rescue personnel or small boats under certain conditions.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view structure schematic diagram of a water surface foldable emergency runway of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water surface foldable emergency runway of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the folding runway section structure of a water surface foldable emergency runway according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a foldable emergency runway on water according to the present invention.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, first information may also be called second information, and similarly, second information may also be called first information.
  • the present invention is a specific embodiment of a water surface foldable emergency runway, which includes a storage box 1, and also includes:
  • Folding runway 2 is made of light and flexible materials, and has the unfolded state filled with gas to carry the aircraft, and the folded state when the interior is vacuumed;
  • the recovery device 3 is arranged in the storage box 1 and connected with the folding runway 2, and is used to push the folding runway 2 out of the storage box 1 when it needs to be unfolded, and retract the folding runway 2 into the storage box 1 after being folded;
  • the shrinking device 4 is arranged on the folding runway 2, and is used to assist the folding runway 2 to unfold and fold;
  • the inflation and deflation device 5 is located in the storage box 1 and is sealed and connected to the folding runway 2 through a pipeline and communicated with the inside of the folding runway 2, so as to inflate the folding runway 2 when unfolding, and exhaust the folding runway 2 when folding; and ,
  • the anchoring device 6 is arranged on the bottom surface of the folding runway 2, and is used for fixing the unfolded foldable runway 2 in water.
  • Unfold the foldable runway 2 wait for the foldable runway 2 to be fully unfolded and fix it with the anchor device 6 to complete the construction of the water runway, so that the foldable runway 2 can be quickly expanded to shorten the construction time, and the foldable runway 2 is made of light flexible inflatable materials, It has strong compression resistance and flex resistance, and can be used as a take-off and landing runway for fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters. And compared with the existing water surface runway, the cost of the present invention is lower, does not need a long time to build, and does not depend on ships, and is more suitable for use as emergency equipment; it also has strong anti-overturning properties, and can be used in extreme weather It can be used as a temporary berthing place for emergency rescue personnel or small boats under certain conditions.
  • this embodiment also includes:
  • the attitude monitoring system is set on the folding runway 2, and is used to monitor the state data of the folding runway 2 itself and the hydrological information of the positions around the folding runway 2; and,
  • the posture control system is electrically connected to the recovery device 3, the retraction device 4, the inflation and deflation device 5 and the anchoring device 6, and is used to control the recovery device 3, the retraction device 4, the inflation and deflation device 5 and the anchoring device 6 according to the corresponding control instructions Complete the corresponding action.
  • the attitude monitoring system can be used to monitor the unfolding degree of the folding runway 2, the pressure that the folding runway 2 can withstand after the inflation is completed, and the position of the folding runway 2 in the water after the folding runway 2 is unfolded, and the depth of immersion in the water , the vibration amplitude of the folded runway 2 and the wind direction on the water surface, and other data, through the collection of the above data, it is artificially judged whether it can meet the aircraft take-off and landing operations.
  • the automation of the foldable emergency runway on the water surface can be realized through the attitude control system, so that the recovery device 3, the retraction device 4, the inflation and deflation device 5, and the anchoring device 6 can act autonomously according to the control instructions issued by the attitude control system.
  • the folding runway 2 specifically includes an outer non-slip hydrophobic layer 21 and an inner reinforcing layer 22, and the outer anti-skid hydrophobic layer 21 and the inner reinforcing layer 22 are bonded by gluing, and then the outer non-slip Hydrophobic layer 21 and internal reinforcing layer 22 enclose a closed space and limit the unfolded shape of folded runway 2 after inflating by drawing 23 (that is, an airtight airbag structure is formed by internal reinforcing layer 22, and external non-slip hydrophobic layer 21 is glued connected to the outer surface of the internal reinforcement layer 22, and then connected in series up and down in the closed space formed by the internal reinforcement layer 22 through the dense wire drawing 23, so that the external non-slip hydrophobic layer 21 It forms an integral structure like brushed cloth with the internal reinforcing layer 22, and then defines the final shape of the airbag structure after inflation.
  • the drawing wire 23 is in a relaxed state when it is not inflated, and the internal reinforcing layer 22 will play the role of drawing wire 23 when inflated stretch out according to the established shape).
  • the outer anti-slip hydrophobic layer 21 can be made of EVA anti-slip mat, of course, it does not rule out the use of other materials that can realize the hydrophobic and anti-slip function. Made of other materials with the required strength for the folding runway 2.
  • the recovery device 3 specifically includes at least one first telescopic assembly 31 , the fixed end of the first telescopic assembly 31 is fixedly connected to the storage box 1 , and the movable end of the first telescopic assembly 31 is connected to the folding runway 2 .
  • the first telescopic assembly 31 may adopt an existing mechanical telescopic structure or a multi-stage pneumatic/hydraulic cylinder structure. In order to increase the structural stability, multiple first telescopic assemblies 31 can be provided. When multiple first telescopic assemblies 31 are provided, the multiple first telescopic assemblies 31 act synchronously to enhance the consistency and stability of their actions. And the first telescopic assembly 31 can complete the telescopic action according to the control command issued by the attitude control system.
  • the attitude control system sends a control command to control the first telescopic assembly 31 to stretch out gently to remove the folding runway 2 from the storage box 1 Roll out inside;
  • the attitude control system sends a control command to control the first telescopic assembly 31 to retract gently to bring the folded runway 2 into the storage case 1 from the outside of the storage case 1, so as to improve its automation performance.
  • the shrinking device 4 specifically includes a plurality of second telescopic assemblies 41 and a plurality of third telescopic assemblies 42. They are arranged between two adjacent second telescopic components 41 at a distance from each other.
  • the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 may adopt an existing mechanical telescopic structure or a structure such as a multi-stage air/hydraulic cylinder.
  • two second telescopic assemblies 41 and three third telescopic assemblies 42 are shown.
  • the numbers of the second telescopic assemblies 41 and the third telescopic assemblies 42 can also be changed according to the size of the folding runway 2 .
  • the second telescopic assembly 41 can assist the folding runway 2 to complete folding along its length direction
  • the third telescopic assembly 42 can assist the folding runway 2 to complete folding along its width direction.
  • the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 can complete the above-mentioned actions according to the control instructions issued by the attitude control system, so as to improve their automation performance.
  • the movable end of the first telescopic assembly 31 is connected to the folding runway 2 through the second telescopic assembly 41 close to the storage box 1 .
  • the first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 are formed as a whole. After being released in the middle, use the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 to carry out the stretching action to unfold the folded runway 2; 2. After being folded, use the first telescopic assembly 31 to complete the shrinking action to retract the folded runway 2 into the storage box 1.
  • the inflation and deflation device 5 specifically includes an inflation device 51, an air extraction device 52, an inflation valve 53 and an exhaust valve 54, and the inflation device 51 communicates with the inside of the folding runway 2 through an inflation pipeline 55, and the inflation valve 53 Installed on the inflation pipeline 55 , the suction device 52 is connected to one end of the exhaust valve 54 through the exhaust pipeline 56 , and the other end of the exhaust valve 54 is connected to the inflation pipeline 55 .
  • the inflation device 51 can adopt inflation equipment such as an air inflator
  • the air extraction device 52 can adopt air extraction equipment such as a vacuum pump; 2 can push out and withdraw from storage case 2, and the inflatable pipeline road 55 that will be connected with folding runway 2 is designed as high-strength flexible pipeline.
  • the inflation device 51 and the air extraction device 52 can be actively started and stopped according to the control instructions issued by the attitude control system, and the inflation valve 53 and the exhaust valve 54 can be actively opened and closed according to the control instructions issued by the attitude control system to improve its automation performance.
  • first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 are also possible to set the first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 as multistage pneumatic cylinders, and the first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 share with the folding runway 2 Inflator 51 , air extractor 52 , inflation valve 53 and exhaust valve 54 .
  • the first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 are simultaneously stretched while the folding runway 2 is inflated, thereby shortening the unfolding time of the folding runway 2; 2.
  • the first telescopic assembly 31, the second telescopic assembly 41 and the third telescopic assembly 42 shrink synchronously while exhausting, thereby shortening the folding time of the folding runway 2. Thereby shortening the construction time of the folding runway 2 and gaining precious time for the units using the runway.
  • the anchoring device 6 specifically includes an anchor chain retractable device 61, an anchor chain 62 and an anchor 63. One end of the anchor chain 62 is connected with the anchor chain retractable device 61, and the other end of the anchor chain 62 is fixedly connected with the anchor 63.
  • the anchor chain retracting device 61 is generally fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the folding runway 2 (that is, the side that is in contact with the water surface when the folding runway 2 is unfolded), and the anchor chain retracting device 61 can use a reel or the like to hold the anchor chain 62 is fixed by winding, in order to disconnect the anchor chain 62 when reclaiming the folding runway 2 conveniently, one end of the anchor chain 62 that is not fixed with the anchor 63 can be hung on the winding shaft of the anchor chain retracting device 61.
  • the anchor chain 62 will reserve a section to be wound on the winding shaft of the anchor chain retracting device 61; Continue to rotate, and the anchor chain 62 will fall off on the protrusion of the winding shaft due to its own gravity, and then the folding runway 2 gets rid of the restraint of the anchor chain 62.
  • change new anchor chain 62 and anchor 63 and just can carry out next use When carrying out next use, change new anchor chain 62 and anchor 63 and just can carry out next use.
  • the posture monitoring system in this embodiment specifically includes sensors, the sensors are arranged on the folding runway 2, and the sensors are electrically connected to the posture control system.
  • Sensors include shaft encoders, vibration sensors, pressure sensors, liquid level sensors, wind direction sensors and other sensors, and additional sensors with different functions can be added according to the required functions.
  • the attitude control system includes a data processor.
  • the data processor can perform analog-to-digital conversion on the data collected by various sensors and perform corresponding settlement output, and then send the Control instructions, the data processor can use DSP (Digital Signal Processor) digital signal processor, FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) field programmable gate array, MCU (MicrocontrollerUnit) system board, SoC (system on a chip) system board or PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) minimum system including I/O.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • MCU MicrocontrollerUnit
  • SoC system on a chip
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • the specific use process of the present invention is as follows: when it needs to be unfolded, the posture control system issues an instruction to control the first telescopic assembly 31 to push the folding runway 2 out of the storage box 1;
  • the inflator 51 is injected into the closed space surrounded by the outer non-slip hydrophobic layer 21 and the inner reinforcement layer 22 through the inflation pipeline 55, and simultaneously a plurality of second telescopic assemblies 41 and a plurality of third telescopic assemblies 42 are stretched outwards, and the light flexible
  • the folding runway 2 expands outwards according to the predetermined overall shape, and is stretched by high-strength drawing wire 23 at the same time. After filling enough gas and reaching a certain pressure, the folding runway 2 unfolds into a flat shape and floats on the water.
  • the anchoring device 6 releases multiple sets of anchors 63 into the bottom of the water through the anchor chain retracting device 61 to fix them to form a runway, providing a runway for small fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters to take off and land; at the same time, the attitude monitoring system monitors the hydrological conditions through various sensors. And parameters such as the internal pressure of the folded runway 2 are monitored.
  • the attitude control system issues an instruction to start the anchoring device 6, and the anchor chain 62 connected to multiple sets of anchors 63 is disconnected through the anchor chain retracting device 61, and then the exhaust valve 54 and the air extraction device 52 are opened to close the anchor chain.
  • Inflatable valve 53 high-pressure gas is discharged from the closed space surrounded by the outer non-slip hydrophobic surface 21 and the inner reinforcement layer 22, and at the same time, multiple second telescopic assemblies 41 and multiple third telescopic assemblies 42 shrink outward, waiting for the runway to be folded After the air in 2 is completely exhausted, the first telescopic assembly 31 arranged in the storage box 1 is retracted, and the folding runway 2 is retracted into the storage box 1 for storage.
  • the water surface foldable emergency runway provided by the present invention is suitable for use as emergency equipment and has strong anti-overturning performance, and can be used as a temporary berthing place for emergency rescue personnel or small boats under extreme weather conditions.
  • the formed product can be mass-produced and used in industry.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其包括存放箱，还包括：折叠跑道，采用轻型柔性材质制作，具有内部填充气体以承载飞机的展开状态，以及内部真空时的收拢状态；回收装置，设于存放箱内并与折叠跑道连接，用以需展开时将折叠跑道推出存放箱，收拢后将折叠跑道收回存放箱；收缩装置，设于折叠跑道，用以辅助折叠跑道展开和收拢；充放气装置，设于存放箱内通过管路与折叠跑道密封连接并与折叠跑道内部连通，用以展开时向折叠跑道内充气，收拢时对折叠跑道排气；以及，锚固装置，设于折叠跑道的底面，用以对展开后的折叠跑道在水中进行固定。其造价低廉，占用空间小，便于运输，搭建时间短，具有较强防倾覆性、抗压性和耐屈挠性。

Description

一种水面可折叠急造跑道
本发明要求由申请人提出的，申请日为2021年10月25日，申请号为CN2021112384943，名称为“一种水面可折叠急造跑道”的申请的优先权。上述申请的全部内容通过整体引用结合于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及急造飞机跑道技术领域，尤其涉及一种水面可折叠急造跑道。
发明背景
水面跑道是飞机在执行水面起飞、降落任务中的重要技术基础保障。传统水面跑道及急造跑道普遍存在以下问题：传统水面跑道作为固定设施进行设置，位置固定、无法根据需要快速完成布设及回收；传统水面跑道成本高，施工周期长，系统庞大，功能复杂；传统水面跑道通常需要倚靠海岸进行修建，无法满足远海条件下飞机起飞、降落条件；陆地急造跑道领域具有较多应用及研究基础，由于使用自重较大的金属材料为飞机起降提供较高平整度，应用于水面时，需为急造跑道提供较大浮力以支撑其自重，所以无法直接在水面使用；基于船只的水面跑道是航母重要功能之一，但该方式要求航母具有较高的航速，船只的航速相较于飞行速度，本就不具有可比性，所以想要通过航母提供急造跑道，需要航母提前抵达目的地。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其具有造价低廉，占用空间小，便于运输，搭建时间短的优点，并具有较强防倾覆性、抗压性和耐屈挠性等特点。
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其包括存放箱，还包括：
折叠跑道，采用轻型柔性材质制作，具有内部填充气体以承载飞机的展开状态，以及内部真空时的收拢状态；
回收装置，设于所述存放箱内并与折叠跑道连接，用以需展开时将折叠跑道推出存放箱，收拢后将折叠跑道收回存放箱；
收缩装置，设于所述折叠跑道，用以辅助折叠跑道展开和收拢；
充放气装置，设于所述存放箱内通过管路与折叠跑道密封连接并与折叠跑道内部连通，用以展开时向折叠跑道内充气，收拢时对折叠跑道排气；以及，
锚固装置，设于所述折叠跑道的底面，用以对展开后的折叠跑道在水中进行固定。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中还包括：
姿态监测系统，设于所述折叠跑道，用于监测折叠跑道自身的状态数据和折叠跑道周围所处位置的水文信息；以及，
姿态控制系统，分别与回收装置、收缩装置、充放气装置和锚固装置电连接，用以控制回收装置、收缩装置、充放气装置和锚固装置根据相应控制指令完成相应动作。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述折叠跑道包括外部防滑疏水层和内部补强层，所述外部防滑疏水层与内部补强层采用胶粘方式进行粘接，由外部防滑疏水层和内部补强层围成一个密闭空间并通过拉丝限定所述折叠跑道充气后的展开形状。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述回收装置包括至少一个第一伸缩组件，所述第一伸缩组件的固定端与存放箱固定连接，第一伸缩组件的活动端与折叠跑道连接。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述收缩装置包括多个第二伸缩组件和多个第三伸缩组件，多个所述第二伸缩组件相互间隔设置在折叠跑道上，多个所述第三伸缩组件相互间隔设置在相邻的两个所述第二伸缩组件之间。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述第一伸缩组件的活动端通过靠近存放箱的第二伸缩组件与折叠跑道连接。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述充放气装置包括充气装置、抽气装置、充气阀和排气阀，所述充气装置通过充气管路与折叠跑道的内部连通，所述充气阀安装在所述充气管路上，所述抽气装置通过排气管路与排气阀的一端连接，所述排气阀的另一端与充气管路连接。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述锚固装置包括锚链收放装置、锚链和锚，所述锚链的一端与锚链收放装置连接，锚链的另一端与锚固定连接，当折叠跑道处于收拢状态时，锚链处于回收状态；当折叠跑道处于伸展状态时，锚链处于释放状态。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述锚固装置设为多个。
进一步的，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其中所述姿态监测系统包括传感器，所述传感器布设在折叠跑道上，所述传感器与姿态控制系统电连接。
本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：在不需要使用时，所有部件全部放置在存放箱中，占用空间较小，便于存放并且方便运输。在需要使用时，可通过飞机或者舰船根据实际需求将其投放到指定水域的指定位置，利用回收装置将折叠跑道从存放箱中推出，同时利用收缩装置和充放气装置将折叠跑道展开，等待折叠跑道完全展开利用锚固装置进行固定即可完成水上跑道的搭建，使得折叠跑道能够快速展开缩短搭建时间，并且折叠跑道使用轻型柔性充气材料制作，其具有较强的抗压性和耐屈挠性，可为固定翼飞机或直升机的起降跑道。并且与现有水面跑道相比本发明造价更低、无须较长时间的修建，并且不依赖于舰船，更适合作为急造装备进行使用；同时还具有较强的防倾覆性，可在极端气候条件下作为应急救援人员或小型船只的临时停靠处所。
上述的非惯用的实施方式所具有的进一步效果将在下文中结合具体实施方式加以说明。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道的俯视结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道的整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道的折叠跑道截面结构示意图；
图4为本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道的仰视结构示意图。
实施本发明的方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本申请使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
应当理解，尽管在本申请可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本申请范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。
如图1-4所示，本发明一种水面可折叠急造跑道的具体实施例，其包括存放箱1，还包括：
折叠跑道2，采用轻型柔性材质制作，具有内部填充气体以承载飞机的展开状态，以及内部真空时的收拢状态；
回收装置3，设于存放箱1内并与折叠跑道2连接，用以需展开时将折叠跑道2推出存放箱1，收拢后将折叠跑道2收回存放箱1；
收缩装置4，设于折叠跑道2，用以辅助折叠跑道2展开和收拢；
充放气装置5，设于存放箱1内通过管路与折叠跑道2密封连接并与折叠跑道2内部连通，用以展开时向折叠跑道2内充气，收拢时对折叠跑道2排气；以及，
锚固装置6，设于折叠跑道2的底面，用以对展开后的折叠跑道2在水中进行固定。
在实际应用中，不需要使用时，所有部件全部放置在存放箱1中，占用空间较小，便于存放并且方便运输。在需要使用时，可通过飞机或者舰船根据实际需 求将其投放到指定水域的指定位置，利用回收装置3将折叠跑道2从存放箱1中推出，同时利用收缩装置4和充放气装置5将折叠跑2道展开，等待折叠跑道2完全展开后利用锚固装置6进行固定即可完成水上跑道的搭建，使得折叠跑道2能够快速展开缩短搭建时间，并且折叠跑道2使用轻型柔性充气材料制作，其具有较强的抗压性和耐屈挠性，可为固定翼飞机或直升机的起降跑道。并且与现有水面跑道相比本发明造价更低、无须较长时间的修建，并且不依赖于舰船，更适合作为急造装备进行使用；同时还具有较强的防倾覆性，可在极端气候条件下作为应急救援人员或小型船只的临时停靠处所。
在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中还包括：
姿态监测系统，设于折叠跑道2，用于监测折叠跑道2自身的状态数据和折叠跑道2周围所处位置的水文信息；以及，
姿态控制系统，分别与回收装置3、收缩装置4、充放气装置5和锚固装置6电连接，用以控制回收装置3、收缩装置4、充放气装置5和锚固装置6根据相应控制指令完成相应动作。
在本实施例中，可以利用姿态监测系统对折叠跑道2的展开程度，充气完成后折叠跑道2可承受的压力，以及折叠跑道2展开完成后折叠跑道2在水中的位置，浸在水中的深度，折叠跑道2的振动幅度以及水面风向等数据，通过上述数据的汇集，人为判断能否满足飞机起降操作。通过姿态控制系统可以实现水面可折叠急造跑道的自动化，使得回收装置3、收缩装置4、充放气装置5和锚固装置6可以按照姿态控制系统发布的控制指令自主动作。
如图2和图3所示，折叠跑道2具体包括外部防滑疏水层21和内部补强层22，将外部防滑疏水层21与内部补强层22采用胶粘方式进行粘接，进而由外部防滑疏水层21和内部补强层22围成一个密闭空间并通过拉丝23限定折叠跑道2充气后的展开形状(即由内部补强层22围成一个密闭的气囊结构，将外部防滑疏水层21粘接在内部补强层22的外表面上，然后通过致密的拉丝23在内部补强层22形成的密闭空间中上下串接在上下相对的内部补强层22之间，使得外部防滑疏水层21和内部补强层22形成像拉丝布的一体结构，进而限定气囊结构充气后的最终形状，在不充气的情况下拉丝23处于放松状态，在充气时内部补强层22会在拉丝23的作用下按照既定的形状向外伸展)。外部防滑疏水层21可以采用EVA防滑垫制作，当然不排除使用能够实现疏水防滑功能的其它材料制作，内部补强层22采用超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强复合膜材制作，当然不排除使用能够满足折叠跑道2所需强度的其它材料制作。通过以上设置，在向外部防滑疏水层21与内部补强层22围成的封闭空间充气后，外部防滑疏水层21与内部补强层22在拉丝23的拉紧条件下按照既定的整体形状向外膨胀，展开成为跑道形状，漂浮在水面上，充分展开的折叠跑道2表面平整，应力分布均匀，对地压力可承受3Mpa，可满足轻型飞机(例如：小型固定翼飞机、直升飞机或无人机)的起降；气密性好，一次使用可保证正常使用半年以上；抗拉强度高，撕裂强度高，耐屈挠10000次以上，经久耐用，并且具有制作简单，制作成本低的优点。
如图4所示，回收装置3具体包括至少一个第一伸缩组件31，第一伸缩组件31的固定端与存放箱1固定连接，第一伸缩组件31的活动端与折叠跑道2连接。 第一伸缩组件31可以采用现有的机械伸缩结构或者采用多级气/液压缸等结构。为了增加结构稳定性可以将第一伸缩组件31设置为多个，在设置多个第一伸缩组件31时，多个第一伸缩组件31同步动作，以增强其动作一致性和稳定性。并且第一伸缩组件31能够根据姿态控制系统发出的控制指令完成伸缩动作，在需要适用折叠跑道2时，姿态控制系统发出控制指令控制第一伸缩组件31平缓伸出将折叠跑道2从存放箱1内推出；在需要将折叠跑道2进行回收时，姿态控制系统发出控制指令控制第一伸缩组件31平缓缩回将折叠跑道2从存放箱1外带入存放箱1内，以提高其自动化性能。
如图4所示，收缩装置4具体包括多个第二伸缩组件41和多个第三伸缩组件42，多个第二伸缩组件41相互间隔设置在折叠跑道2上，多个第三伸缩组件42相互间隔设置在相邻的两个第二伸缩组件41之间。第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42可以采用现有的机械伸缩结构或者采用多级气/液压缸等结构。在图4中出示了两个第二伸缩组件41和三个第三伸缩组件42，当然也可根据折叠跑道2的大小更改第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42设置的数量。通过以上设置，利用第二伸缩组件41可以辅助折叠跑2完成沿其长度方向折叠，利用第三伸缩组件42可以辅助折叠跑道2完成沿其宽度方向折叠。并且第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42能够根据姿态控制系统发出的控制指令完成上述动作，以提高其自动化性能。
作为进一步的改进，将第一伸缩组件31的活动端通过靠近存放箱1的第二伸缩组件41与折叠跑道2连接。通过以上设置，使得第一伸缩组件31、第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42形成一个整体，在展开折叠跑道2时，利用第一伸缩组件31完成伸展动作将折叠跑道2从存放箱1中推出后，利用第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42进行伸展动作将折叠跑道2展开；在收拢折叠跑道2时，利用第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42进行收缩动作将折叠跑道2收拢后，利用第一伸缩组件31完成收缩动作将折叠跑道2收回存放箱1中。
如图2所示，充放气装置5具体包括充气装置51、抽气装置52、充气阀53和排气阀54，充气装置51通过充气管路55与折叠跑道2的内部连通，充气阀53安装在充气管路55上，抽气装置52通过排气管路56与排气阀54的一端连接，排气阀54的另一端与充气管路55连接。可以理解的是，充气装置51可以采用空气充气机等充气设备，抽气装置52可以采用抽真空气泵等抽气设备；充气阀53和排气阀54可以采用电磁阀等阀门，为了满足折叠跑道2能够从存放箱2中推出和收回将与折叠跑道2连接的充气管道路55设计成高强度的柔性管路。并且充气装置51和抽气装置52能够根据姿态控制系统发出的控制指令主动启停，充气阀53和排气阀54能够根据姿态控制系统发出的控制指令主动启闭，以提高其自动化性能。
也可以将第一伸缩组件31、第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42均设置为多级气压缸，第一伸缩组件31、第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42与折叠跑道2共用充气装置51、抽气装置52、充气阀53和排气阀54。使进行展开操作时，折叠跑道2在充气的同时第一伸缩组件31、第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42同步伸展，进而缩短折叠跑道2的展开时间；在进行收拢操作时，折叠跑道2在排 气的同时第一伸缩组件31、第二伸缩组件41和第三伸缩组件42同步收缩，进而缩短折叠跑道2的收拢时间。从而缩短折叠跑道2搭建的时间，为使用该跑道的单位赢得宝贵的时间。
如图2和图3所示，为了保障折叠跑道2展开后能够更加稳定的固定在水面上，将锚固装置6设为多个。锚固装置6具体包括锚链收放装置61、锚链62和锚63，锚链62的一端与锚链收放装置61连接，锚链62的另一端与锚63固定连接，当折叠跑道2处于收拢状态时，锚链62处于回收状态；当折叠跑道2处于伸展状态时，锚链62处于释放状态。在实际应用中，锚链收放装置61一般固定安装在折叠跑道2的底面上(即折叠跑道2展开时与水面接触的一面)，锚链收放装置61可以采用卷线器等将锚链62通过绕设的方式进行固定，为了方便在回收折叠跑道2时断开锚链62，可以将锚链62未与锚63固定的一端挂设在锚链收放装置61的绕线轴上设置的凸起上，在对折叠跑道2进行固定时，锚链62会预留一段绕设在锚链收放装置61的绕线轴上；在回收折叠跑道2时，锚链收放装置61的绕线轴继续旋转，锚链62就会因自身重力在绕线轴的凸起上脱落，进而折叠跑道2摆脱锚链62的束缚。在进行下次使用时换上新的锚链62和锚63便能进行下次使用。
在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例中姿态监测系统具体包括传感器，传感器布设在折叠跑道2上，传感器与姿态控制系统电连接。传感器包括轴角编码器、振动传感器、压力传感器、液位传感器、风向传感器等传感器，可以根据所需功能另外增加具有不同功能的传感器。姿态控制系统包括数据处理器，数据处理器可以对各类传感器采集的数据进行模数转换并进行相应的结算输出，之后向回收装置3、收缩装置4、充放气装置5和锚固装置6发送控制指令，数据处理器可以采用DSP(Digital Signal Processor)数字信号处理器、FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array)现场可编程门阵列、MCU(MicrocontrollerUnit)系统板、SoC(system on a chip)系统板或包括I/O的PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)最小系统。
本发明的具体使用过程如下：需要展开时，姿态控制系统发出指令，控制第一伸缩组件31将折叠跑道2从存放箱1中推出；打开充气阀53，关闭排气阀54，之后高压气体从充气装置51通过充气管路55注入由外部防滑疏水层21和内部补强层22围成的封闭空间，同时多个第二伸缩组件41和多个第三伸缩组件42向外伸展，将轻型柔性的折叠跑道2按既定的整体形状向外膨胀，同时通过高强度的拉丝23进行拉紧，充入足够气体并达到一定压力后，折叠跑道2展开成为扁平状，漂浮在水面上。锚固装置6通过锚链收放装置61将多组锚63释放入水底进行固定构成跑道，为小型固定翼飞机或直升飞机提供起飞、降落的跑道；同时姿态监测系统通过各种传感器对水文条件及折叠跑道2内部压力等参数进行监测。
需要收回时，由姿态控制系统发出指令，启动锚固装置6，通过锚链收放装置61将连接多组锚63的锚链62进行断开，之后打开排气阀54和抽气装置52，关闭充气阀53，高压气体从由外部防滑疏水面21和内部补强层22围成的封闭空间中排出，同时多个第二伸缩组件41和多个第三伸缩组件42向外收缩，等待折叠跑道2内的空气完全排出后，布置于存放箱1内的第一伸缩组件31收回，将折 叠跑道2收回至存放箱1进行收纳。
在下一次使用之前只需要将新的锚63及锚链62与锚链收放装置61连接，即可重复使用。
以上仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。
工业实用性
本发明提供的一种水面可折叠急造跑道适合作为急造装备进行使用，同时还具有较强的防倾覆性，可在极端气候条件下作为应急救援人员或小型船只的临时停靠处所。形成的产品可以在工业中批量生产和使用。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其包括存放箱，其特征在于，还包括：
    折叠跑道，采用轻型柔性材质制作，具有内部填充气体以承载飞机的展开状态，以及内部真空时的收拢状态；
    回收装置，设于所述存放箱内并与折叠跑道连接，用以需展开时将折叠跑道推出存放箱，收拢后将折叠跑道收回存放箱；
    收缩装置，设于所述折叠跑道，用以辅助折叠跑道展开和收拢；
    充放气装置，设于所述存放箱内通过管路与折叠跑道密封连接并与折叠跑道内部连通，用以展开时向折叠跑道内充气，收拢时对折叠跑道排气；以及，
    锚固装置，设于所述折叠跑道的底面，用以对展开后的折叠跑道在水中进行固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，还包括：
    姿态监测系统，设于所述折叠跑道，用于监测折叠跑道自身的状态数据和折叠跑道周围所处位置的水文信息；以及，
    姿态控制系统，分别与回收装置、收缩装置、充放气装置和锚固装置电连接，用以控制回收装置、收缩装置、充放气装置和锚固装置根据相应控制指令完成相应动作。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述折叠跑道包括外部防滑疏水层和内部补强层，所述外部防滑疏水层与内部补强层采用胶粘方式进行粘接，由外部防滑疏水层和内部补强层围成一个密闭空间并通过拉丝限定所述折叠跑道充气后的展开形状。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述回收装置包括至少一个第一伸缩组件，所述第一伸缩组件的固定端与存放箱固定连接，第一伸缩组件的活动端与折叠跑道连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述收缩装置包括多个第二伸缩组件和多个第三伸缩组件，多个所述第二伸缩组件相互间隔设置在折叠跑道上，多个所述第三伸缩组件相互间隔设置在相邻的两个所述第二伸缩组件之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述第一伸缩组件的活动端通过靠近存放箱的第二伸缩组件与折叠跑道连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述充放气装置包括充气装置、抽气装置、充气阀和排气阀，所述充气装置通过充气管路与折叠跑道的内部连通，所述充气阀安装在所述充气管路上，所述抽气装置通过排气管路与排气阀的一端连接，所述排气阀的另一端与充气管路连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述锚固装置包括锚链收放装置、锚链和锚，所述锚链的一端与锚链收放装置连接，锚链的另一端与锚固定连接，当折叠跑道处于收拢状态时，锚链处于回收状态；当折叠跑道处于伸展状态时，锚链处于释放状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述锚固装置设为多个。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种水面可折叠急造跑道，其特征在于，所述姿态监测系统包括传感器，所述传感器布设在折叠跑道上，所述传感器与姿态控制系统电连接。
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