WO2023070786A1 - 一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置 - Google Patents

一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023070786A1
WO2023070786A1 PCT/CN2021/132411 CN2021132411W WO2023070786A1 WO 2023070786 A1 WO2023070786 A1 WO 2023070786A1 CN 2021132411 W CN2021132411 W CN 2021132411W WO 2023070786 A1 WO2023070786 A1 WO 2023070786A1
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speaker
audio
noise
analog
signal
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PCT/CN2021/132411
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵江涛
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歌尔科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • G10L21/0216—Noise filtering characterised by the method used for estimating noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • G10L2021/02082—Noise filtering the noise being echo, reverberation of the speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • G10L21/0216—Noise filtering characterised by the method used for estimating noise
    • G10L2021/02161—Number of inputs available containing the signal or the noise to be suppressed
    • G10L2021/02163—Only one microphone

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of noise elimination, and in particular to an audio noise reduction method and an audio monitoring device.
  • Smart security products such as smart door locks and smart cameras are becoming more and more common in daily life.
  • Smart security products are generally equipped with a microphone (mic) and a speaker, which can handle two application scenarios, one is dual-talk, and the other is voice monitoring or voice recognition.
  • its complex use environment such as road noise, often puts forward higher noise reduction requirements for the monitoring system.
  • Multi-mic array is a commonly used noise reduction processing method. By placing the mics at intervals, the noise amplitude and phase difference picked up by different mics are used for noise reduction processing to improve the intelligibility and voice quality of the call. Recognition rate.
  • these commonly used monitoring systems often only use one mic, and the noise reduction effect is poor or even non-existent. It can be seen that to improve the noise reduction effect, multiple mics must be installed. Although multiple mics have a good noise reduction effect, but It will increase the cost of the equipment, and the prior art creates contradictions in performance and cost.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an audio noise reduction method and an audio monitoring device, which can achieve a higher noise reduction effect at a lower cost.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an audio noise reduction method, which is applied to an audio monitoring device, and the audio monitoring device includes a microphone, a speaker, and a microprocessor; the microprocessor includes a remote interface, and the method includes:
  • the microprocessor When the microprocessor does not receive the remote audio signal from the remote interface, it controls the speaker to collect background noise signals to control the audio monitoring device to enter the noise elimination mode;
  • the microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, so as to obtain the target voice signal.
  • the microprocessor when the microprocessor does not receive the remote audio signal from the remote interface, the microprocessor controls the speaker to collect a background noise signal, so as to control the audio monitoring device to enter a noise cancellation mode, including :
  • the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor detects whether there is a reference signal input, and if no reference signal input is detected, the loudspeaker is controlled to collect background noise signals, so as to control the audio monitoring device to enter a noise cancellation mode.
  • the method further includes:
  • the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor detects that there is a reference signal input, it controls the speaker to play a remote audio signal, so as to control the audio monitoring device to enter an audio playback mode.
  • the microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, so as to acquire the target voice signal ,Also includes:
  • the microprocessor before performing noise cancellation on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, the microprocessor further includes:
  • the background noise signal collected by the speaker is amplified by the amplifier.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides an audio monitoring device, including:
  • Microphone, loudspeaker, loudspeaker power amplifier and microprocessor includes first analog-to-digital conversion interface, second analog-to-digital conversion interface, digital-to-analog conversion interface and remote interface;
  • the microphone and the speaker are set at a predetermined distance apart; the microphone is connected to the first analog-to-digital conversion interface, the speaker is connected to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface, and the speaker is also passed through the speaker power amplifier connected to the digital-to-analog conversion interface;
  • the microprocessor When the microprocessor does not receive the remote audio signal, it controls the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the speaker, so as to control the audio monitoring device to enter the noise elimination mode; in the noise elimination mode, the The microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, so as to obtain the target sound signal;
  • the microprocessor After the microprocessor receives the remote audio signal through its remote interface, it controls the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to disconnect from the speaker, so as to control the speaker to enter the audio playback mode; in the audio playback mode, The microprocessor converts the remote audio signal into an analog signal, and then amplifies it through the speaker power amplifier to drive the speaker to work.
  • the microprocessor includes a first gain equalization module, a second gain equalization module, a noise cancellation module, an echo cancellation module, a modem, and a switch;
  • the first gain equalization module is connected to the first analog-to-digital conversion interface
  • the second gain equalization module is connected to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface
  • the input ends of the noise elimination module are respectively connected to the first analog-to-digital conversion interface.
  • the gain equalization module is connected to the second gain equalization module, the output end of the noise cancellation module is connected to the echo cancellation module and the modem in turn, and the modem is also connected to the digital-to-analog conversion interface;
  • the switch is connected between the speaker and the second analog-to-digital conversion interface, and is in a normally closed state;
  • the modem After the modem receives the far-end audio signal, it will be passed to the speaker through the digital-to-analog conversion interface for playback, and will also be passed to the echo cancellation module as a reference signal; the echo cancellation module detects that there is a reference When the signal is input, the control switch is turned on.
  • the audio monitoring device further includes an amplifier; the amplifier is connected between the speaker and the second analog-to-digital conversion interface, and the switching switch is a power supply switch of the amplifier;
  • the background noise signal collected by the speaker is amplified by the amplifier and input to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface.
  • the echo cancellation module when it detects that a reference signal is input, it controls the switching switch to be turned on through a GPIO pin.
  • the speaker is a dynamic speaker
  • the microphone is a dynamic microphone
  • the processor when the processor does not receive the remote audio signal from the remote interface, it controls the speaker to collect background noise signals to control the The audio monitoring device enters the noise elimination mode; in the noise elimination mode, the microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, so as to obtain the target voice signal.
  • the loudspeaker is used to form a noise reference signal to achieve the purpose of noise elimination, thereby reducing the setting of noise reduction microphones and achieving a higher noise reduction effect at a lower cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an audio monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of setting the preset distance between the microphone and the speaker in the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the setting position of the switch in the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 shows the second schematic diagram of the switch setting position in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a moving coil horn in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows the circuit diagram of the amplifier in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a noise reduction method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
  • the terms “include” and “have”, as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
  • a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes unlisted steps or units, or optionally further includes For other steps or units inherent in these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.
  • the structure of the dynamic microphone and the dynamic speaker are very similar, and the realization principle is also similar.
  • the realization principle of the dynamic microphone when the sound pushes the diaphragm to vibrate, the diaphragm drives the coil to cut the magnetic field line vibration together in the magnetic field, thereby generating a current. This current is connected to the back-end input system to realize the conversion of sound to electrical signal.
  • the moving coil speaker can convert the electrical signal of sound into sound, and can also realize the conversion of sound into electrical signal.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an audio monitoring device and an audio noise reduction method, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an audio monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the audio monitoring device includes:
  • Microphone 100 loudspeaker 200, loudspeaker power amplifier 300 and microprocessor 400;
  • Microprocessor 400 comprises first analog-to-digital conversion interface 410, second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420, digital-to-analog conversion interface 430 and remote interface 440;
  • Loudspeaker 300 is A dynamic speaker, and the microphone 100 is a dynamic microphone.
  • the microphone 100 and the loudspeaker 200 are set apart from the preset distance d, and devices such as a camera can also be set as required in the audio monitoring device, such as a smart camera; the microphone 100 is connected to the first analog-to-digital conversion interface 410, and the loudspeaker 200 Connected to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420 , the speaker 200 is also connected to the digital-to-analog conversion interface 430 through the speaker power amplifier 300 .
  • the function of the microphone is to collect sound and convert the sound signal into an energy conversion device of an electrical signal, that is, to collect the sound of speaking.
  • the function of the speaker is to play the sound
  • the transducer device that converts the electrical signal into an acoustic signal is to convert the electrical signal generated by the other party's speech into sound and play it.
  • the built-in speaker of the audio monitoring device and the analog input circuit are used to form a noise reference signal, and the noise signals picked up by the microphone and the speaker are subjected to difference processing, so as to achieve the noise reduction effect.
  • the microprocessor 400 did not receive the far-end audio signal, it controlled the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the speaker 200, so as to control the speaker 200 to enter the noise elimination mode;
  • the background noise signal is used to remove noise from the human voice signal collected by the microphone 100 .
  • the microprocessor 400 After the microprocessor 400 receives the far-end audio signal through its remote interface, it controls the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to disconnect from the speaker 200, so as to control the speaker 200 to enter the audio playback mode; in the audio playback mode, the microprocessor 400 will The remote audio signal is converted into an analog signal, and then amplified by the speaker power amplifier 300 to drive the speaker 200 to work.
  • the far-end audio signal refers to a far-end voice signal that needs to be played by a speaker
  • the near-end audio signal refers to a near-end human voice signal collected by a microphone
  • the microprocessor 400 includes a first gain equalization module 450, a second gain equalization module 460, a noise elimination module 470, an echo cancellation module 480, a modem 490 and a switch switch 210;
  • the first gain equalization module 450 is connected with the first analog-to-digital conversion interface 410
  • the second gain equalization module 460 is connected with the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420
  • the input end of the noise elimination module 470 is respectively connected with the first gain equalization module 450 and the second
  • the gain equalization module 460 is connected, and the output end of the noise elimination module 470 is connected with the echo cancellation module 480 and the modem 490 successively, and the modem 490 is also connected with the digital-to-analog conversion interface 430;
  • both the first gain equalization module 450 and the second gain equalization module 460 include gain and EQ (equalizer).
  • the basic function of EQ is to adjust the timbre by gaining or attenuating one or more frequency bands of the sound.
  • the first gain equalization module 450 specifically includes gain 1 and EQ1
  • the second gain equalization module 460 specifically includes gain 2 and EQ2, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the switch 210 is connected between the speaker 200 and the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420, and is in a normally closed state;
  • the switching switch 210 can be controlled through the GPIO pin.
  • GPIO (English: General-purpose input/output), the abbreviation of general-purpose input and output, its pins can be freely used by the user through program control, and the PIN pins are based on actual considerations. Can be used as general-purpose input (GPI) or general-purpose output (GPO) or general-purpose input and output (GPIO).
  • the modem 490 After the modem 490 receives the far-end audio signal, it will be passed to the speaker 200 to play by the digital-to-analog conversion interface 430, and it will also be passed to the echo cancellation module 480 as a reference signal; when the echo cancellation module 480 detects that there is a reference signal input, control The toggle switch 210 is turned on.
  • the audio monitoring device further includes an amplifier 220; as shown in FIG. Power supply switch; amplifier 220 can use FET (Field Effect Transistor).
  • amplifier 220 can use FET (Field Effect Transistor).
  • the background noise collected by the speaker 200 is amplified by the amplifier 220 and then input to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420 .
  • the echo cancellation module 480 when the echo cancellation module 480 detects that a reference signal is input, it controls the switching switch 210 to be turned on through the GPIO pin.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a moving coil horn.
  • the composition of the moving coil horn is shown in Figure 5, which mainly includes a magnet and a coil, and the coil is located in the magnetic field.
  • the alternating current is affected by the Lorentz force in the magnetic field, and forms a mutual repulsion or mutual attraction change with the magnet, and the coil drives the diaphragm to vibrate to produce sound; on the contrary, when the external sound is transmitted When it reaches the diaphragm, it will cause the diaphragm and the coil to vibrate, and the coil cuts the magnetic force line to generate a current.
  • the dynamic speaker can realize the microphone input function (that is, convert the sound into an electrical signal) .
  • this kind of current is often relatively small, and the impedance is relatively low, and the current can be amplified by the amplifier 220 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit diagram of the amplifier 220 .
  • Rb/Rc/Re sets the static operating point, and selects the impedance value according to the difference of Vcc;
  • Rf is the feedback resistor, which is used to adjust the amplification factor, and
  • Cin and Cout are DC blocking
  • the capacitor is used to isolate the DC bias of the two stages before and after, and its size also determines the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, which is actually set to the audio frequency range of 20-20kHz.
  • the output of Cout is connected to the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420 at the rear end, and the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420 converts the analog signal into a digital signal to facilitate the execution of the later algorithm.
  • speakers and microphones are generally installed on the front as shown in Figure 2.
  • the remote wireless signal received by the audio monitoring device is digital, which is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog conversion interface, and then amplified by the speaker amplifier to drive the speaker to work.
  • the speaker also serves as the sound pickup function of the microphone during the one-way near-end voice uplink process, and the relative position between the speaker and the microphone forms a "double mic”.
  • Array which attenuates the sound on both sides of the "dual mic array", and the distance d between the two directly determines the frequency range of its noise reduction. The larger d is, the more low frequency attenuation can be included, and vice versa.
  • the dynamic speaker can not only realize the function of playing the speaker, but also realize the function of picking up the sound of the microphone, which requires "time-division multiplexing". Specifically: when the microprocessor 400 receives After the signal is transferred to the speaker for digital-to-analog conversion through the digital-to-analog conversion interface 430, it will also be passed to the echo cancellation module 480, which is called a reference signal.
  • the microprocessor 400 will control the switch 210 through the GPIO pin to disconnect the power supply of the amplifier 220, or close the input path of the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420; when the echo cancellation module 480 of the microprocessor 400 has no reference signal When inputting, it means that there is no signal played by the speaker, and the microprocessor 400 can turn on the power supply of the amplifier 220 or the input path of the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420.
  • the dynamic speaker can be used as a microphone to realize the above-mentioned noise reduction process.
  • the echo cancellation module 480 performs echo cancellation on the human voice after noise cancellation, and sends it to the modem 490 for modulation processing after the echo cancellation, and then sends it to the remote end through the remote interface 440 .
  • the microprocessor when the microprocessor does not receive the remote audio signal, it controls its second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the speaker, so as to control the speaker to enter the noise elimination mode; in the noise elimination mode, The microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice collected by the microphone according to the background noise collected by the loudspeaker.
  • the control switching switch When the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor does not detect that there is a reference signal input, the control switching switch is turned off, so as to control its second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the speaker. It can be seen that in this application, the loudspeaker is used to form a noise reference signal to achieve the purpose of noise elimination, thereby reducing the setting of noise reduction microphones and achieving a higher noise reduction effect at a lower cost.
  • an audio monitoring device is provided. Based on the audio monitoring device, the present application also provides an audio noise reduction method. Please refer to FIG. 7 , which shows a flowchart of an audio noise reduction method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the audio noise reduction method includes:
  • the microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice signal collected by the microphone according to the background noise signal collected by the speaker, so as to obtain a target voice signal.
  • step S101 when the microprocessor in step S101 does not receive the remote audio signal, it controls the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected to the speaker, which can be specifically implemented in the following manner:
  • the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor detects whether there is a reference signal input, and if no reference signal input is detected, the loudspeaker is controlled to collect background noise signals, so as to control the audio monitoring device to enter a noise cancellation mode.
  • the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor when it does not detect that there is a reference signal input, it controls the switch to be turned off, so as to control the second analog-to-digital conversion interface to remain connected to the speaker, thereby entering the noise cancellation mode. model.
  • the audio noise reduction method also includes: if the echo cancellation module in the microprocessor detects that there is a reference signal input, then controlling the speaker to play a remote audio signal to control the audio
  • the monitoring device enters audio playback mode.
  • a step may further be included: sending the target sound signal to a remote end through the remote interface.
  • the above noise reduction method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include the step of amplifying the background noise collected by the speaker through an amplifier and inputting it into the second analog-to-digital conversion interface.
  • speakers and microphones are generally installed on the front as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the remote wireless signal received by the audio monitoring device is digital, which is converted into an analog signal through the digital-to-analog conversion interface, and then amplified by the speaker power amplifier to drive the speaker to work.
  • the speaker also serves as the sound pickup function of the microphone during the one-way near-end voice uplink process, and the relative position between the speaker and the microphone forms a "double mic”.
  • Array which attenuates the sound on both sides of the "dual mic array”, and the distance d between the two directly determines the frequency range of its noise reduction. The larger d is, the more low frequency attenuation can be included, and vice versa.
  • the microprocessor 400 when the microprocessor 400 receives the remote audio signal, it performs digital-to-analog conversion through the digital-to-analog conversion interface 430 and transmits it to the speaker for playback. At the same time, it will also be transmitted to the echo cancellation module 480, called the reference signal, when the echo cancellation module 480 detects that there is a reference signal input at this time, it means that the speaker is playing, and the microprocessor 400 will control the switch 210 through the GPIO pin to disconnect the power supply of the amplifier 220, or close the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420 input path; when the echo cancellation module 480 of the microprocessor 400 has no reference signal input, indicating that there is no signal played by the speaker, the microprocessor 400 can open the power supply of the amplifier 220 or the input path of the second analog-to-digital conversion interface 420, At this time, the dynamic speaker can be used as a microphone to realize the above-mentioned noise reduction process.
  • the reference signal when the echo cancellation module 480
  • the echo cancellation module 480 performs echo cancellation on the human voice after noise cancellation, and sends it to the modem 490 for modulation processing after the echo cancellation, and then sends it to the remote end through the remote interface 440 .
  • the microprocessor when the microprocessor does not receive the remote audio signal, it controls its second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the loudspeaker, so as to control the loudspeaker to enter the noise elimination mode; in the noise elimination mode , the microprocessor performs noise elimination on the human voice collected by the microphone according to the background noise collected by the loudspeaker.
  • the control switching switch is turned off, so as to control its second analog-to-digital conversion interface to keep connected with the speaker. It can be seen that in this application, the loudspeaker is used to form a noise reference signal to achieve the purpose of noise elimination, thereby reducing the setting of noise reduction microphones and achieving a higher noise reduction effect at a lower cost.
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置，其中音频降噪方法包括：微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号。相较于现有技术，本申请中利用喇叭形成一路噪声参考信号，以达到噪声消除的目的，从而减少了降噪麦克风的设置，能够以较低的成本实现较高的降噪效果。

Description

一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置
本申请要求于2021年10月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111258401.3、发明名称为“一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及噪音消除技术领域，具体涉及一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置。
背景技术
智能门锁、智能摄像头等智能安防类产品在日常生活中越来越常见。智能安防类产品一般都配有麦克风(mic)和喇叭，可以应对两种应用场景，一种是双讲通话，另外一种是语音监控或语音识别。但其复杂的使用环境，如马路噪声等，对监控系统往往提出更高的降噪要求。多mic阵列是经常用到的降噪处理方式，通过间隔性的摆放mic，利用不同的mic拾取到的噪声幅度和相位的差值进行降噪处理，以提高通话语音的可懂度和语音识别率。然而，为了降低成本，往往这些常用的监控系统只用到了一个mic，降噪效果较差甚至没有，可见，提高降噪效果就得设置多个mic，设置多个mic虽然降噪效果好，但会提高设备成本，现有技术在性能和成本上产生了矛盾。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种音频降噪方法及音频监控装置，能够以较低的成本实现较高的降噪效果。
本申请第一方面提供一种音频降噪方法，应用于音频监控装置，该音频监控装置包括麦克风、喇叭和微处理器；所述微处理器包括远端接口，所述 方法包括：
微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；
在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式，包括：
通过所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测有无参考信号输入，若未检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
若所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭播放远端音频信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入音频播放模式。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号之后，还包括：
将所述目标声音信号通过所述远端接口发送至远端。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除之前，还包括：
通过放大器放大所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号。
本申请第二方面提供一种音频监控装置，包括：
麦克风、喇叭、喇叭功放和微处理器；所述微处理器包括第一模数转换接口、第二模数转换接口、数模转换接口和远端接口；
所述麦克风和所述喇叭间隔预设距离设置；所述麦克风连接于所述第一 模数转换接口，所述喇叭连接于所述第二模数转换接口，所述喇叭还通过所述喇叭功放连接于所述数模转换接口；
所述微处理器未收到远端音频信号时，控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭保持连接，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号；
所述微处理器通过其远端接口接收远端音频信号后，控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭断开连接，以控制所述喇叭进入音频播放模式；在音频播放模式下，所述微处理器将所述远端音频信号转换成模拟信号，再通过所述喇叭功放放大后，驱动所述喇叭工作。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述微处理器包括第一增益均衡模块、第二增益均衡模块、噪声消除模块、回音消除模块、调制解调器和切换开关；
所述第一增益均衡模块与所述第一模数转换接口连接，所述第二增益均衡模块与所述第二模数转换接口连接，所述噪声消除模块的输入端分别与所述第一增益均衡模块和所述第二增益均衡模块连接，所述噪声消除模块的输出端依次与所述回音消除模块和所述调制解调器连接，所述调制解调器还与所述数模转换接口连接；
所述切换开关连接在所述喇叭和所述第二模数转换接口之间，处于常闭状态；
当所述调制解调器接收到远端音频信号后，通过所述数模转换接口传递给所述喇叭播放的同时，也会作为参考信号传递给所述回音消除模块；所述回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入时，控制所述切换开关打开。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述音频监控装置还包括放大器；所述放大器连接在所述喇叭和所述第二模数转换接口之间，所述切换开关为所述放大器的供电开关；
通过所述放大器放大所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号后输入所述第二模数转换接口。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入时，通过GPIO接脚控制所述切换开关打开。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述喇叭为动圈式喇叭，所述麦克风为动圈式麦克风。
相较于现有技术，本申请提供的音频降噪方法及音频监控装置，处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号。可见本申请中利用喇叭形成一路噪声参考信号，以达到噪声消除的目的，从而减少了降噪麦克风的设置，能够以较低的成本实现较高的降噪效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一部分附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种音频监控装置的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请实施例中麦克风和喇叭间隔预设距离设置的示意图；
图3示出了本申请实施例中切换开关设置位置的示意图之一；
图4示出了本申请实施例中切换开关设置位置的示意图之二；
图5示出了本申请实施例中动圈式喇叭的结构示意图；
图6示出了本申请实施例中放大器的电路图；
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的一种降噪方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施方式，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本申请使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
另外，术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
根据电磁感应原理，动圈式麦克风与动圈式喇叭的结构非常类似，实现原理也类似。动圈式麦克风的实现原理：当声音推动膜片振动时，膜片带动线圈在磁场中一起切割磁力线振动，从而产生电流。此电流接入后端输入系统，从而实现声音向电信号的转换。动圈式喇叭可以将声音的电信号转换成声音发出，也可以实现声音向电信号的转换。
基于上述原理，本申请实施例提供一种音频监控装置及一种音频降噪方法，下面结合附图进行说明。
请参考图1，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种音频监控装置的结构示意图，如图1所示，该音频监控装置包括：
麦克风100、喇叭200、喇叭功放300和微处理器400；微处理器400包括第一模数转换接口410、第二模数转换接口420、数模转换接口430和远端接口440；喇叭300为动圈式喇叭，麦克风100为动圈式麦克风。
如图2所示，麦克风100和喇叭200间隔预设距离d设置，该音频监控装置中还可以根据需要设置摄像头等器件，例如智能摄像头；麦克风100连接于第一模数转换接口410，喇叭200连接于第二模数转换接口420，喇叭200还通过喇叭功放300连接于数模转换接口430。
麦克风的功能是采集声音，将声音信号转换为电信号的能量转换器件，也就是用来采集说话的声音。
喇叭的功能是播放声音，把电信号转变为声信号的换能器件，就是把对方说话产生的电信号转换成声音播放出来。而本申请中利用音频监控装置自带的喇叭，和模拟输入电路形成一路噪声参考信号，将麦克风与喇叭拾取的噪声信号进行差值处理，从而实现降噪效果。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置的工作过程如下：
微处理器400未收到远端音频信号时，控制第二模数转换接口与喇叭200保持连接，以控制喇叭200进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，微处理器400根据喇叭200采集的背景噪声信号，对麦克风100采集的人声信号进行噪声消除。
微处理器400通过其远端接口接收远端音频信号后，控制第二模数转换接口与喇叭200断开连接，以控制喇叭200进入音频播放模式；在音频播放模式下，微处理器400将远端音频信号转换成模拟信号，再通过喇叭功放300放大后，驱动喇叭200工作。
应理解，远端音频信号是指需要喇叭播放的远端语音信号，近端音频信号是指麦克风采集的近端人声信号。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置中，继续参见图1，微处理器400包括第一增益均衡模块450、第二增益均衡模块460、噪声消除模块470、回音消除模块480、调制解调器490和切换开关210；
第一增益均衡模块450与第一模数转换接口410连接，第二增益均衡模 块460与第二模数转换接口420连接，噪声消除模块470的输入端分别与第一增益均衡模块450和第二增益均衡模块460连接，噪声消除模块470的输出端依次与回音消除模块480和调制解调器490连接，调制解调器490还与数模转换接口430连接；
其中，第一增益均衡模块450和第二增益均衡模块460均包括增益和EQ(均衡器)。EQ的基本作用是通过对声音某一个或多个频段进行增益或衰减，达到调整音色的目的。第一增益均衡模块450具体包括增益1和EQ1，第二增益均衡模块460具体包括增益2和EQ2，如图1所示。
如图3所示，切换开关210连接在喇叭200和第二模数转换接口420之间，处于常闭状态；
具体的，可以通过GPIO接脚控制切换开关210，GPIO(英语：General-purpose input/output)，通用型之输入输出的简称，其接脚可以供使用者由程控自由使用，PIN脚依现实考量可作为通用输入(GPI)或通用输出(GPO)或通用输入与输出(GPIO)。
当调制解调器490接收到远端音频信号后，通过数模转换接口430传递给喇叭200播放的同时，也会作为参考信号传递给回音消除模块480；回音消除模块480检测到有参考信号输入时，控制切换开关210打开。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置中，音频监控装置还包括放大器220；如图4所示，放大器220连接在喇叭200和第二模数转换接口420之间，切换开关210为放大器220的供电开关；放大器220可以采用FET(场效应晶体管)。
通过放大器220放大喇叭200采集的背景噪声后输入第二模数转换接口420。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置中，所述回音消除模块480检测到有参考信号输入时，通过GPIO接脚控制切换开关210打开。
下面对本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置的工作原理进行介绍。
请参考图5，其示出了动圈式喇叭的结构示意图。动圈式喇叭的构成如图5所示，主要包括磁铁和线圈，而线圈位于磁场中。当线圈上输入交流电信号时，交变的电流在磁场中受到洛伦兹力的影响，与磁铁形成互斥或互吸的变化，线圈带动振膜振动产生声音；相反地，当外界声音传递到振膜时，会引起振膜和线圈振动，线圈切割磁力线从而产生电流，其幅度和快慢决定电流大小和频率，因此动圈式喇叭可以实现麦克风输入功能(也就是将声音转换为电信号)。但这种电流往往比较小，而且阻抗比较低，可以经放大器220进行电流放大。
请参考图6，其示出了放大器220的电路图。如图6所示，可采用如下两级放大，Rb/Rc/Re设定静态工作点，根据Vcc的不同而选择阻抗值；Rf是反馈电阻，用于调整放大倍数，Cin和Cout是隔直电容用于隔离前后两级的直流偏置，其大小也决定了高通滤波器截止频率，实际设定到20～20kHz的音频范围内。Cout的输出接入后端第二模数转换接口420，第二模数转换接口420将模拟信号转换成数字信号以便于后期算法的执行。
对于安防类产品，一般如图2所示在正面设置喇叭和麦克风。通话过程中，音频监控装置接收到远端的无线信号是数字的，其通过数模转换接口转换成模拟信号，再被喇叭功放进行放大，来驱动喇叭工作。而对于本申请的降噪方法来说，喇叭除了上述作用外，在单向近端语音上行过程中，还充当了麦克风的拾音功能，喇叭与麦克风的之间的相对位置形成了“双mic阵列”，其衰减的是“双mic阵列”两侧的声音，两者的距离d直接决定了其降噪的频率范围。d越大，可包含的低频衰减更多，反之亦少。
另外，外界噪声，如马路车流声等，距离音频监控装置比较远，到达麦克风和喇叭的信号相当，但麦克风与喇叭因各自的传递函数不同，并且喇叭当做麦克风使用时的灵敏度较低，高频响应差，转换这类噪声后差异较大， 所以需要经过后端增益和EQ调整，使其幅度和频率相当，补偿灵敏度和高频响应，在噪声消除模块中进行抵消。而人距离音频监控装置较近，利用麦克风与喇叭的物理距离差，产生幅度和相位上的差异，即使经过后端噪声消除有所衰减，但也可以在后级模块中进行增益等补偿。
在本申请上述方案中，动圈式喇叭，即实现了喇叭播放功能，又可实现麦克风的拾取声音的功能，需要“分时复用”，具体地：当微处理器400接收到远端音频信号后，通过数模转换接口430进行数模转换传递给喇叭播放的同时，也会传递给回音消除模块480，称作参考信号，此时回音消除模块480检测到有参考信号输入时，说明喇叭在播放，微处理器400就会通过GPIO接脚控制切换开关210断开放大器220的供电，或者关闭第二模数转换接口420的输入通路；当微处理器400的回音消除模块480无参考信号输入时，说明没有喇叭播放的信号，微处理器400即可打开放大器220供电或第二模数转换接口420的输入通路，此时动圈式喇叭即可当做麦克风使用，实现上述降噪过程。
进一步的，回音消除模块480对噪声消除之后的人声进行回音消除，回音消除之后发送至调制解调器490进行调制处理，再通过远端接口440发送至远端。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频监控装置，微处理器未收到远端音频信号时，控制其第二模数转换接口与喇叭保持连接，以控制喇叭进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，微处理器根据喇叭采集的背景噪声，对麦克风采集的人声进行噪声消除。微处理器中的回音消除模块未检测到有参考信号输入时，控制切换开关关闭，以控制其第二模数转换接口与喇叭保持连接。可见本申请中利用喇叭形成一路噪声参考信号，以达到噪声消除的目的，从而减少了降噪麦克风的设置，能够以较低的成本实现较高的降噪效果。
在上述的实施例中，提供了一种音频监控装置，基于该音频监控装置， 本申请还提供了一种音频降噪方法。请参考图7，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种音频降噪方法的流程图。
如图7所示，所述音频降噪方法包括：
S101、微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；
S102、在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频降噪方法中，步骤S101微处理器未收到远端音频信号时，控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭保持连接，具体可以通过如下方式实现：
通过所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测有无参考信号输入，若未检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式。
具体的，所述微处理器中的回音消除模块未检测到有参考信号输入时，控制所述切换开关关闭，以控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭保持连接，从而进入噪声消除模式。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频降噪方法中，还包括：若所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭播放远端音频信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入音频播放模式。
本申请实施例提供的上述音频降噪方法中，上述步骤S102之后，还可以包括步骤：将所述目标声音信号通过所述远端接口发送至远端。
本申请实施例提供的上述降噪方法中，还可以包括步骤：通过放大器放大所述喇叭采集的背景噪声后输入所述第二模数转换接口。
实际应用中，对于安防类产品，一般如图2所示在正面设置喇叭和麦克风。通话过程中，音频监控装置接收到远端的无线信号是数字的，其通过数 模转换接口转换成模拟信号，再被喇叭功放进行放大，来驱动喇叭工作。而对于本申请的降噪方法来说，喇叭除了上述作用外，在单向近端语音上行过程中，还充当了麦克风的拾音功能，喇叭与麦克风的之间的相对位置形成了“双mic阵列”，其衰减的是“双mic阵列”两侧的声音，两者的距离d直接决定了其降噪的频率范围。d越大，可包含的低频衰减更多，反之亦少。
请参考图1，具体的，当微处理器400接收到远端音频信号后，通过数模转换接口430进行数模转换传递给喇叭播放的同时，也会传递给回音消除模块480，称作参考信号，此时回音消除模块480检测到有参考信号输入时，说明喇叭在播放，微处理器400就会通过GPIO接脚控制切换开关210断开放大器220的供电，或者关闭第二模数转换接口420的输入通路；当微处理器400的回音消除模块480无参考信号输入时，说明没有喇叭播放的信号，微处理器400即可打开放大器220供电或第二模数转换接口420的输入通路，此时动圈式喇叭即可当做麦克风使用，实现上述降噪过程。
进一步的，回音消除模块480对噪声消除之后的人声进行回音消除，回音消除之后发送至调制解调器490进行调制处理，再通过远端接口440发送至远端。
本申请的上述实施例提供的降噪方法，微处理器未收到远端音频信号时，控制其第二模数转换接口与喇叭保持连接，以控制喇叭进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，微处理器根据喇叭采集的背景噪声，对麦克风采集的人声进行噪声消除。微处理器中的回音消除模块未检测到有参考信号输入时，控制切换开关关闭，以控制其第二模数转换接口与喇叭保持连接。可见本申请中利用喇叭形成一路噪声参考信号，以达到噪声消除的目的，从而减少了降噪麦克风的设置，能够以较低的成本实现较高的降噪效果。
最后应说明的是：所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方 法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，又例如，多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些通信接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。
本说明书中各个实施例采用并列或者递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同或相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处可参见方法部分说明。
本领域普通技术人员还可以理解，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种音频降噪方法，应用于音频监控装置，该音频监控装置包括麦克风、喇叭和微处理器；所述微处理器包括远端接口，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；
    在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的音频降噪方法，其特征在于，所述微处理器未收到所述远端接口的远端音频信号时，控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式，包括：
    通过所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测有无参考信号输入，若未检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭采集背景噪声信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的音频降噪方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    若所述微处理器中的回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入，则控制所述喇叭播放远端音频信号，以控制所述音频监控装置进入音频播放模式。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的音频降噪方法，其特征在于，所述在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号之后，还包括：
    将所述目标声音信号通过所述远端接口发送至远端。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的音频降噪方法，其特征在于，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除之前，还包括：
    通过放大器放大所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号。
  6. 一种音频监控装置，其特征在于，包括：麦克风、喇叭、喇叭功放和微处理器；所述微处理器包括第一模数转换接口、第二模数转换接口、数模转换接口和远端接口；
    所述麦克风和所述喇叭间隔预设距离设置；所述麦克风连接于所述第一模数转换接口，所述喇叭连接于所述第二模数转换接口，所述喇叭还通过所述喇叭功放连接于所述数模转换接口；
    所述微处理器未收到远端音频信号时，控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭保持连接，以控制所述音频监控装置进入噪声消除模式；在噪声消除模式下，所述微处理器根据所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号，对所述麦克风采集的人声信号进行噪声消除，以获取目标声音信号；
    所述微处理器通过其远端接口接收远端音频信号后，控制所述第二模数转换接口与所述喇叭断开连接，以控制所述喇叭进入音频播放模式；在音频播放模式下，所述微处理器将所述远端音频信号转换成模拟信号，再通过所述喇叭功放放大后，驱动所述喇叭工作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的音频监控装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器包括第一增益均衡模块、第二增益均衡模块、噪声消除模块、回音消除模块、调制解调器和切换开关；
    所述第一增益均衡模块与所述第一模数转换接口连接，所述第二增益均衡模块与所述第二模数转换接口连接，所述噪声消除模块的输入端分别与所述第一增益均衡模块和所述第二增益均衡模块连接，所述噪声消除模块的输出端依次与所述回音消除模块和所述调制解调器连接，所述调制解调器还与所述数模转换接口连接；
    所述切换开关连接在所述喇叭和所述第二模数转换接口之间，处于常闭状态；
    当所述调制解调器接收到远端音频信号后，通过所述数模转换接口传递 给所述喇叭播放的同时，也会作为参考信号传递给所述回音消除模块；所述回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入时，控制所述切换开关打开。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的音频监控装置，其特征在于，所述音频监控装置还包括放大器；所述放大器连接在所述喇叭和所述第二模数转换接口之间，所述切换开关为所述放大器的供电开关；
    通过所述放大器放大所述喇叭采集的背景噪声信号后输入所述第二模数转换接口。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的音频监控装置，其特征在于，所述回音消除模块检测到有参考信号输入时，通过GPIO接脚控制所述切换开关打开。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的音频监控装置，其特征在于，所述喇叭为动圈式喇叭，所述麦克风为动圈式麦克风。
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