WO2023065571A1 - 一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2023065571A1
WO2023065571A1 PCT/CN2022/075595 CN2022075595W WO2023065571A1 WO 2023065571 A1 WO2023065571 A1 WO 2023065571A1 CN 2022075595 W CN2022075595 W CN 2022075595W WO 2023065571 A1 WO2023065571 A1 WO 2023065571A1
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metal
temperature
melting
outlet
temperature melting
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PCT/CN2022/075595
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周虹光
李帅英
严万军
白鹏
张朋飞
张伟
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西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • the invention belongs to the field of solid waste and hazardous waste disposal, and relates to a system and method for disposing of solid and hazardous waste and recovering metal by melting mother liquor.
  • Solid waste and hazardous waste usually contain metal particles and dust, and even precious metals.
  • extraction and other methods are usually used to recover metal particle dust in solid waste and hazardous waste.
  • This type of method has a complex system, and the removal of inorganic salts and organic matter requires a large amount of water and produces wastewater pollution. This process causes some metals to be lost.
  • a large amount of extracting liquid is consumed, and the extracting liquid needs to be processed again to be reduced to metals.
  • the production cost is high, and the precious metals and rare metals are difficult to extract and difficult to recycle, resulting in a waste of such rare resources.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a system and method for solid and hazardous waste disposal and metal melting recovery, which can dispose of solid and hazardous waste and melt and recover the metals therein.
  • the system for disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste and metal melting recovery described in the present invention includes a high-temperature melting system; a material inlet is provided on the high-temperature melting system, a high-temperature melting pool is provided at the bottom of the high-temperature melting system, and a high-temperature melting system is provided at the bottom.
  • the side of the high temperature melting system is provided with a metal outlet, the top of the high temperature melting system is provided with an air inlet, and the side of the top of the high temperature melting system is provided with a combustion product outlet.
  • It also includes a material crushing system; the outlet of the material crushing system communicates with the material inlet of the high-temperature melting system.
  • It also includes a material storage system; the outlet of the material crushing system is connected with the inlet of the material storage system, and the outlet of the material storage system is connected with the material inlet of the high-temperature melting system.
  • the outlet of the material crushing system communicates with the inlet of the material storage system through the first conveying system.
  • the outlet of the material storage system communicates with the material inlet of the high-temperature melting system through a feeding device and a second conveying system.
  • It also includes a harmless incineration system; the outlet of the combustion product of the high-temperature melting system is connected with the inlet of the harmless incineration system.
  • It also includes a metal comprehensive utilization system; the metal outlet of the high temperature melting system is connected with the inlet of the metal comprehensive utilization system.
  • a fan is also included; the outlet of the fan is connected with the air inlet of the high temperature melting system.
  • the method for solid waste hazardous waste disposal and metal melting recovery described in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the metal required to form a high-temperature molten pool is melted into a mother liquor in the high-temperature melting system in advance, thereby forming a high-temperature molten pool at the bottom of the high-temperature melting system.
  • Part of the metal is melted and mixed with the mother liquor in the high-temperature molten pool to form an alloy solution, in which the metal with a melting point higher than the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool is deposited in the bottom of the high-temperature molten pool in solid form, and the organic matter in the material is burned in the high-temperature molten pool. Release heat to supplement the heat required to maintain the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool.
  • the organic combustion products and the original inorganic particle dust float above the liquid level in the high-temperature molten pool, and are finally discharged through the outlet of the combustion products; the high-temperature melting system is intermittently discharged Part of the alloy solution in the high-temperature molten pool is added with the metal required to form the mother liquor; in addition, the solid metal deposited at the bottom of the high-temperature molten pool is discharged through the metal outlet.
  • the amount of alloy solution discharged each time accounts for 30% of the volume of the alloy solution in the high temperature molten pool.
  • the system and method for solid waste and hazardous waste disposal and metal melting recovery described in the present invention will pre-select the metal melted as the mother liquor of the high-temperature molten pool, and the high-temperature melting system will melt part of the metal in the material through the high-temperature molten pool.
  • the mother liquor in the high-temperature molten pool is mixed, wherein, the metal substance whose melting point is higher than the temperature of the mother liquor in the high-temperature molten pool is deposited in the bottom of the high-temperature molten pool in solid form, and the organic matter in the material burns in the high-temperature molten pool and releases heat to supplement maintenance
  • the heat required by the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool, the combustion products of organic matter and the original inorganic particle dust are discharged through the outlet of the combustion products.
  • the present invention recycles metal substances in solid waste and hazardous waste at low cost through physical methods through high-temperature melting pools, and at the same time realizes the harmless disposal of organic and inorganic substances in solid and hazardous waste, and recovers the heat therein. It has a system Simple, wide range of material adaptation, no consumption of other substances, low energy consumption and good environmental protection, it has special significance for the recovery of precious metals, realizes the recycling and harmless disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste, and contributes to the country's green development and Provide major technical support for the comprehensive utilization of social resources.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • 1 is the material crushing system
  • 2 is the first conveying system
  • 3 is the storage system
  • 4 is the feeding device
  • 5 is the second conveying system
  • 6 is the material inlet
  • 7 is the high temperature melting system
  • 8 is the combustion product outlet
  • 9 is a harmless incineration system
  • 10 is a metal outlet
  • 11 is a metal comprehensive utilization system
  • 12 is a fan
  • 13 is an air inlet.
  • the system for solid and hazardous waste disposal and metal melting recovery includes a material crushing system 1, a first conveying system 2, a material storage system 3, a feeding device 4, a second conveying system 5, a high temperature melting System 7, harmless incineration system 9, metal comprehensive utilization system 11 and fan 12.
  • the outlet of the material crushing system 1 is connected to the inlet of the first conveying system 2, the outlet of the first conveying system 2 is connected to the inlet of the storage system 3, the outlet of the storage system 3 is connected to the inlet of the feeding device 4,
  • the outlet of the feeding device 4 is connected to the inlet of the second conveying system 5, the outlet of the second conveying system 5 is connected to the material inlet 6 of the high-temperature melting system 7, and the combustion product outlet 8 of the high-temperature melting system 7 is connected to the harmless incineration
  • the inlet of the system 9 is connected; the metal outlet 10 of the high temperature melting system 7 is connected with the inlet of the metal comprehensive utilization system 11; the outlet of the fan 12 is connected with the air inlet 13 of the high temperature melting system 7 .
  • the method for solid waste hazardous waste disposal and metal melting recovery described in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Solid waste or hazardous waste is crushed in the material crushing system 1, and the crushed materials are sent to the storage system 3 for storage through the first conveying system 2, and the materials output by the storage system 3 pass through the feeding device 4 and the second conveyor
  • the system 5 is sent into the high-temperature melting system 7, and at the same time, the air is sent into the high-temperature melting system 7 through the fan 12.
  • the high-temperature melting system 7 pre-selects a certain metal to be melted as the mother liquid of the high-temperature melting pool according to the material condition, and then passes through the high-temperature
  • the molten pool melts part of the metal in the material and mixes it with the mother liquor in the high-temperature molten pool to form an alloy solution.
  • the metal whose melting point is higher than the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool is deposited in the bottom of the high-temperature molten pool in solid form.
  • the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool Set according to the type of metal in the material; the organic matter in the material burns in the high-temperature molten pool and releases heat to supplement the heat required to maintain the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool, and the combustion products of organic matter and the original inorganic particle dust float in the high-temperature molten pool above the liquid surface, and finally discharged from the high-temperature melting system 7 through the combustion product outlet 8, and then transported to the harmless incineration system 9 through a closed pipeline for harmless disposal, and the heat therein is recovered.
  • the high-temperature melting system 7 intermittently discharges part of the alloy solution in the high-temperature molten pool according to the operating conditions, wherein, each discharge accounts for 30% of the volume of the alloy solution in the high-temperature molten pool, and at the same time adds the metal required to form the mother liquor according to the situation;
  • the solid metal substances deposited at the bottom of the high-temperature molten pool are regularly discharged to the metal comprehensive utilization system 11 for comprehensive utilization, and the temperature of the high-temperature molten pool is determined according to the type of metal in the material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法，包括高温熔融系统；高温熔融系统上设置有物料入口，高温熔融系统的底部设置有高温熔池，高温熔融系统底部的侧面上设置有金属出口，高温熔融系统的顶部设置有空气入口，高温熔融系统顶部的侧面设置有燃烧产物出口，该系统及方法能够对固废危废进行处置并熔融回收其中的金属。

Description

一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法 技术领域
本发明属于固废及危废处置领域，涉及一种固废危废的处置及母液熔融回收金属的系统及方法。
背景技术
随着城市化进程加快，固废及危废产量急速增加，现有的环保设施处置能力呈现不足，且国民的环保意识逐渐提高，因此实现对固废危废的资源化及无害化处置成为各当地政府难题。固废危废中通常含有金属颗粒和粉尘，甚至存在贵金属。目前通常先采用萃取等方法对固废危废中的金属颗粒粉尘进行回收，该类方法系统复杂，无机盐和有机物清除需要大量的水，并产生废水污染，且此过程造成部分金属流失，另外需要大量消耗萃取液，萃取液需要再次处理才能还原成金属，生产成本较高，而其中的贵金属及稀有金属难以萃取，回收困难，造成了该类稀有资源的浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法，该系统及方法能够对固废危废进行处置并熔融回收其中的金属。
为达到上述目的，本发明所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统包括高温熔融系统；高温熔融系统上设置有物料入口，高温熔融系统的底部设置有高温熔池，高温熔融系统底部的侧面上设置有金属出口，高温熔融系统的顶部设置有空气入口，高温熔融系统顶部的侧面设置有燃烧产物出口。
还包括物料破碎系统；物料破碎系统的出口与高温熔融系统的物料入口相 连通。
还包括储料系统；物料破碎系统的出口与储料系统的入口相连通，储料系统的出口与高温熔融系统的物料入口相连通。
物料破碎系统的出口与储料系统的入口之间通过第一输送系统相连通。
储料系统的出口与高温熔融系统的物料入口之间通过给料装置及第二输送系统相连通。
还包括无害化焚烧系统；高温熔融系统的燃烧产物出口与无害化焚烧系统的入口相连接。
还包括金属综合利用系统；高温熔融系统的金属出口与金属综合利用系统的入口相连接。
还包括风机；风机的出口与高温熔融系统的空气入口相连接。
本发明所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的方法包括以下步骤：
预先将形成高温熔池所需的金属在高温熔融系统中融化成为母液，从而在高温熔融系统的底部形成高温熔池，物料经物料入口进入到高温熔融系统中，通过高温熔池将物料中的部分金属熔化，并与高温熔池中的母液混合形成合金溶液，其中，熔点高于高温熔池温度的金属以固态形式沉积于高温熔池的底部，物料中的有机物在高温熔池中燃烧并放出热量，以补充维持高温熔池温度所需的热量，有机物燃烧产物及原无机物颗粒粉尘飘浮于高温熔池中液面的上方，并最终经燃烧产物出口排出；高温熔融系统间歇性的排出高温熔池中的部分合金溶液，同时添加形成母液所需的金属；另外，高温熔池底部沉积的固态金属经金属出口排出。
每次排出的合金溶液量占高温熔池内合金溶液体积的30％。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法在具体操作时，将预先选取金属熔化后作为高温熔池的母液，高温熔融系统通过高温熔池将物料中部分金属熔化与高温熔池中的母液混合，其中，熔点高于高温熔池中母液 温度的金属物质以固态形式沉积于高温熔池的底部，物料中的有机物在高温熔池中燃烧并放出热量，以补充维持高温熔池温度所需的热量，有机物燃烧产物及原有无机物颗粒粉尘经燃烧产物出口排出。需要说明的是，本发明通过高温熔池以物理方法低成本回收固废危废中的金属物质，同时实现固废危废中有机物及无机物的无害化处置，回收其中的热量，具有系统简单、物料适应范围广、不消耗其它物质、能耗低及环保性好的特点，对贵重金属的回收具有特殊意义，实现固废危废的资源化及无害化处置，为国家绿色发展和全社会资源综合利用提供重大技术支持。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
其中，1为物料破碎系统、2为第一输送系统、3为储料系统、4为给料装置、5为第二输送系统、6为物料入口、7为高温熔融系统、8为燃烧产物出口、9为无害化焚烧系统、10为金属出口、11为金属综合利用系统、12为风机、13为空气入口。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，不是全部的实施例，而并非要限制本发明公开的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要的混淆本发明公开的概念。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通 技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
在附图中示出了根据本发明公开实施例的结构示意图。这些图并非是按比例绘制的，其中为了清楚表达的目的，放大了某些细节，并且可能省略了某些细节。图中所示出的各种区域、层的形状及它们之间的相对大小、位置关系仅是示例性的，实际中可能由于制造公差或技术限制而有所偏差，并且本领域技术人员根据实际所需可以另外设计具有不同形状、大小、相对位置的区域/层。
参考图1，本发明所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统包括物料破碎系统1、第一输送系统2、储料系统3、给料装置4、第二输送系统5、高温熔融系统7、无害化焚烧系统9、金属综合利用系统11及风机12。
物料破碎系统1的出口与第一输送系统2的入口相连接，第一输送系统2的出口与储料系统3的入口相连接，储料系统3的出口与给料装置4的入口相连接，给料装置4的出口与第二输送系统5的入口相连接，第二输送系统5的出口与高温熔融系统7的物料入口6相连接，高温熔融系统7的燃烧产物出口8与无害化焚烧系统9的入口相连接；高温熔融系统7的金属出口10与金属综合利用系统11入口相连接；风机12的出口与高温熔融系统7的空气入口13相连接。
本发明所述固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的方法包括以下步骤：
固废或危废在物料破碎系统1中进行破碎，破碎后的物料通过第一输送系统2送入储料系统3中进行存储，储料系统3输出的物料经给料装置4及第二输送系统5送入高温熔融系统7中，同时，空气经风机12送入到高温熔融系统7中，高温熔融系统7根据物料情况，预先选择某种金属熔化后作为高温熔池的母液，然后通过高温熔池将物料中的部分金属熔化，并与高温熔池中的母液混合形成合金溶液，其中，熔点高于高温熔池温度的金属以固态形式沉积于高温熔池的底部，高温熔池的温度根据物料中金属的种类设定；物料中的有机物在高温熔池中燃烧并放出热量，以补充维持高温熔池温度所需的热量，有机 物燃烧产物及原无机物颗粒粉尘飘浮于高温熔池中液面的上方，并最终经燃烧产物出口8排出高温熔融系统7，然后经密闭管道输送至无害化焚烧系统9中进行无害化处置，回收其中的热量。高温熔融系统7根据运行情况间歇性的排出高温熔池中的部分合金溶液，其中，每次的排出量占高温熔池内合金溶液体积的30％，同时根据情况添加形成母液所需的金属；另外，高温熔池底部沉积的固态金属物质定期排至金属综合利用系统11中进行综合利用，高温熔池的温度根据物料中金属种类确定。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，包括高温熔融系统(7)；高温熔融系统(7)上设置有物料入口(6)，高温熔融系统(7)的底部设置有高温熔池，高温熔融系统(7)底部的侧面上设置有金属出口(10)，高温熔融系统(7)的顶部设置有空气入口(13)，高温熔融系统(7)顶部的侧面设置有燃烧产物出口(8)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，还包括物料破碎系统(1)；物料破碎系统(1)的出口与高温熔融系统(7)的物料入口(6)相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，还包括储料系统(3)；物料破碎系统(1)的出口与储料系统(3)的入口相连通，储料系统(3)的出口与高温熔融系统(7)的物料入口(6)相连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，物料破碎系统(1)的出口与储料系统(3)的入口之间通过第一输送系统(2)相连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，储料系统(3)的出口与高温熔融系统(7)的物料入口(6)之间通过给料装置(4)及第二输送系统(5)相连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，还包括无害化焚烧系统(9)；高温熔融系统(7)的燃烧产物出口(8)与无害化焚烧系统(9)的入口相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，还包括金属综合利用系统(11)；高温熔融系统(7)的金属出口(10)与金属综合利用系统(11)的入口相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，其特征在于，还包括风机(12)；风机(12)的出口与高温熔融系统(7)的空气入 口(13)相连接。
  9. 一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求1所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统，包括以下步骤：
    预先将形成高温熔池所需的金属在高温熔融系统(7)中融化成为母液，从而在高温熔融系统(7)的底部形成高温熔池，物料经物料入口(6)进入到高温熔融系统(7)中，通过高温熔池将物料中的部分金属熔化，并与高温熔池中的母液混合形成合金溶液，其中，熔点高于高温熔池温度的金属以固态形式沉积于高温熔池的底部，物料中的有机物在高温熔池中燃烧并放出热量，以补充维持高温熔池温度所需的热量，有机物燃烧产物及原无机物颗粒粉尘飘浮于高温熔池中液面的上方，并最终经燃烧产物出口(8)排出；高温熔融系统(7)间歇性的排出高温熔池中的部分合金溶液，同时添加形成母液所需的金属；另外，高温熔池底部沉积的固态金属经金属出口(10)排出。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的方法，其特征在于，每次排出的合金溶液量占高温熔池内合金溶液体积的30％。
PCT/CN2022/075595 2021-10-18 2022-02-09 一种固废危废处置及金属熔融回收的系统及方法 WO2023065571A1 (zh)

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