WO2023061097A1 - 凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵 - Google Patents

凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023061097A1
WO2023061097A1 PCT/CN2022/116761 CN2022116761W WO2023061097A1 WO 2023061097 A1 WO2023061097 A1 WO 2023061097A1 CN 2022116761 W CN2022116761 W CN 2022116761W WO 2023061097 A1 WO2023061097 A1 WO 2023061097A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve body
central axis
elastic
valve
away
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PCT/CN2022/116761
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓斌
姜琛
王继鑫
王宝杰
张树林
李朋
Original Assignee
烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023061097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023061097A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a valve body, valve assembly and plunger pump.
  • fracturing In the field of oil and natural gas extraction, fracturing refers to a technology that uses high-pressure fracturing fluid to form cracks in oil and gas layers during oil or gas extraction. Through fracturing operations, oil and gas layers can be fractured, which can improve the flow environment of oil or natural gas underground and increase the production of oil wells. Therefore, fracturing operation is the main production stimulation method in oil and gas field exploitation.
  • shale gas resources are abundant in the world, but due to the low permeability of shale formations, they have not been widely developed yet.
  • fracturing technology can be widely used in shale reservoir reconstruction and shale gas exploitation.
  • Equipment used to perform fracturing operations generally includes sand mixing equipment, mixing equipment, and fracturing equipment.
  • Sand mixing equipment and compounding equipment can be used to prepare fracturing fluid with fracturing sand; fracturing equipment can pressurize the fracturing fluid.
  • Fracturing equipment usually includes a plunger pump and a prime mover that provides power for the plunger pump. The plunger pump can use the mechanical power provided by the prime mover to pressurize the fluid.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a valve body, a valve assembly and a plunger pump.
  • the Valve body includes a Valve body part, a first elastic part and a second elastic part; the Valve body part has a central axis; the Valve body part includes an upper body part and a lower body part arranged in sequence in the extending direction of the central axis , the first elastic part is located on the side of the upper body part away from the central axis, and the second elastic part is located on the side of the lower body part away from the central axis.
  • the upper body part and the lower body part are arranged symmetrically, and the first elastic part and the second elastic part are arranged symmetrically.
  • the valve body can continue to be used after the valve body is turned over when the first elastic part or the second elastic part is worn out to be unusable. Therefore, the valve body can greatly increase the service life and reduce maintenance costs.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a valve body comprising: a valve body portion having a central axis; a first elastic portion; and a second elastic portion, the valve body portion including an extension of the central axis
  • the upper body part and the lower body part are arranged in sequence in the direction, the first elastic part is located on the side of the upper body part away from the central axis, and the second elastic part is located on the side of the lower body part away from the center
  • the upper body part and the lower body part are arranged symmetrically, and the first elastic part and the second elastic part are arranged symmetrically.
  • the first elastic part is a ring structure and is sleeved on the upper body part
  • the second elastic part is a ring structure and is sleeved on the upper body part. on the lower body.
  • the distance between the surface of the first elastic part away from the central axis and the central axis is greater than the distance between the surface of the upper body part away from the central axis and the central axis.
  • the distance from the central axis; the distance between the surface of the second elastic part away from the central axis and the central axis is greater than the distance between the surface of the lower body part away from the central axis and the central axis.
  • the valve body part further includes a middle part located between the upper body part and the lower body part, and the radial dimension of the middle part is larger than A radial dimension of the upper body portion and a radial dimension of the lower body portion.
  • the upper body portion includes a first groove located on a side of the upper body portion away from the central axis, and the first elastic portion is at least partially located Inside the first groove;
  • the lower body part includes a second groove, located on a side of the lower body part away from the central axis, and the second elastic part is at least partially located in the second groove within.
  • the first groove is connected to the middle part
  • the second groove is connected to the middle part
  • the middle part includes a protruding part protruding from the upper body part and the lower body part, and the protruding part includes a A first surface intersecting the first surface and away from the upper body portion, a second surface intersecting the first surface and away from the lower body portion, the second surface includes a first A recess structure recesses the protrusion from the second surface, and the third surface includes a second recess structure recesses the protrusion from the third surface.
  • the first elastic part includes a first protruding structure, which is arranged corresponding to the first concave structure and located in the first concave structure;
  • the two elastic parts include a second protruding structure corresponding to the second concave structure and located in the second concave structure.
  • the first distance between the surface of the first elastic portion away from the central axis and the central axis is less than or equal to the first surface and the center axis distance
  • the second distance between the surface of the second elastic portion away from the central axis and the central axis is less than or equal to the distance between the first surface and the central axis.
  • the first elastic part and the second elastic part are integrated into one body.
  • the valve body part includes a third groove, located on the side of the valve body part away from the central axis, the first elastic part and The second elastic parts are at least partially located in the third groove.
  • valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: a guiding structure connected with the valve body part.
  • the guide structure includes a guide rod, and the guide rod includes a first sub-guide rod and a second sub-guide rod, and the first sub-guide rod and the The upper body part is connected and extends along the extension direction of the central axis, and the second sub-guiding rod is connected with the lower body part and extends along the extension direction of the central axis.
  • the first sub-guide rod, the second sub-guide rod and the valve body part are integrally formed.
  • the first sub-guide rod and the second sub-guide rod are arranged coaxially and have the same length.
  • the upper body part includes a first slot
  • the lower body part includes a second slot
  • the central axis passes through the first slot and the second slot.
  • the guide structure includes a tongue configured to be inserted into the first slot or the second slot.
  • the guide structure includes a guide frame or a guide rod.
  • the materials of the first elastic part and the second elastic part include one or more of rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride .
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a valve assembly, which includes the valve body described in any one of the above.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a plunger pump, which includes the valve assembly described in any one of the above.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fluid end of a plunger pump
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Valve body
  • Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of another kind of Vail body
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a valve assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a plunger pump provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a common plunger pump includes a power end and a liquid end; the power end is connected to the prime mover, and converts the mechanical power output by the prime mover into the reciprocating motion of the plunger, and the reciprocating motion of the plunger can cause the liquid in the liquid end.
  • the volume and pressure changes of the cavity in the valve box at the force end.
  • the plunger pump can convert the mechanical power provided by the prime mover from low-pressure fluid to high-pressure fluid.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fluid end of a plunger pump.
  • the liquid end 30 includes a valve box 31 , a plunger 32 , a first sealing component 33 , a second sealing component 34 , a packing sealing component 35 , a first valve component 36 and a second valve component 37 .
  • the valve box 31 includes a first cavity 41 and a second cavity 42 , and the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 are intersected to form an intersecting area 43 at the intersecting position.
  • the first sealing assembly 33 and the packing sealing assembly 35 are located at both ends of the first cavity 41 respectively, and the plunger 32 is partly arranged in the packing sealing assembly 35 and can reciprocate in the first cavity 41;
  • a valve assembly 36 and a second valve assembly 37 are respectively located at two ends of the second cavity 42, and the second sealing assembly 34 is arranged on the side of the second valve assembly 37 away from the first valve assembly 36, and the second cavity 42 end seal.
  • the liquid end 30 also includes a liquid inlet 38 and a liquid outlet 39.
  • the liquid inlet 38 is located on the side of the first valve assembly 36 away from the second valve assembly 37, and the liquid outlet 39 is located between the second valve assembly 37 and the second seal.
  • the first valve assembly 36 is configured to allow external fluid to enter the second chamber 42 from the liquid inlet 38, but prohibits the fluid of the second chamber 42 from flowing out from the liquid inlet 38;
  • the second valve assembly 37 is configured to allow the second The fluid in the cavity 42 flows out from the liquid outlet 39 , but the external fluid cannot flow into the second cavity 42 from the liquid outlet 39 .
  • the first valve assembly 36 is closed, the second valve assembly 37 is opened, and the high-pressure fluid can pass through the second valve assembly 37 and flow out from the liquid outlet 39, thereby realizing the pressurization and discharge process of the fluid; when the plunger 32 progresses to the limit , the total volume of the first cavity 41 and the second cavity 42 is the smallest, and the discharge process of the high-pressure fluid is completed.
  • the processes of suction, pressurization and discharge of fluid can be continuously performed through the reciprocating motion of the plunger.
  • the valve assembly is one of the important components; as shown in Figure 1, the first valve assembly 36 can generally include a valve spring seat 36A, a spring 36B, a valve body 36C, and a valve seat 36D
  • the valve spring seat 36A is arranged on the alternating area 43
  • the spring 36B is arranged on the valve spring seat 36A
  • one end of the valve body 36C is set in contact with the spring 36B
  • the other end of the valve body 36C is set in contact with the valve seat 36D .
  • the valve body 36C Under the elastic force of the spring 36B, the valve body 36C can seal the middle hole of the valve seat 36D, thereby realizing the closing of the first valve assembly 36; when the fluid flows from the valve seat 36D to the valve spring seat 36A When the force exerted on the valve body 36C is greater than the elastic force of the spring 36B, the valve body 36C will disengage or partially disengage from the valve seat 36D, so that the middle hole of the valve seat 36D cannot be sealed, thereby realizing the opening of the valve. On the other hand, when the fluid exerts pressure on the valve body 36C in the direction from the valve spring seat 36A to the valve seat 36D, the valve body 36C still seals the middle hole of the valve seat 36D. Thus, the first valve assembly 36 can realize the function of a one-way valve.
  • the second valve assembly 37 can generally include a valve spring seat 37A, a spring 37B, a valve body 37C, and a valve seat 37D; a part of the second sealing assembly 34 can be used as the valve spring seat 37A, and the spring 37B is arranged on On the valve spring seat 37A, one end of the valve body 37C is arranged in contact with the spring 37B, and the other end of the valve body 37C is arranged in contact with the valve seat 37D.
  • the valve body 37C Under the elastic force of the spring 37B, the valve body 37C can seal the middle hole of the valve seat 37D, thereby realizing the closing of the second valve assembly 37; when the fluid flows from the valve seat 37D to the valve spring seat 37A
  • the valve body 37C and the valve seat 37D are disengaged or partially disengaged, so that the middle hole of the valve seat 37D cannot be sealed, thereby realizing the opening of the valve.
  • the valve body 37C still seals the middle hole of the valve seat 37D.
  • the first valve assembly 37 can realize the function of a one-way valve.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve body
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another valve body.
  • the valve body 10 includes a valve body 11 and a rubber 12, and the rubber 12 is sleeved on the valve body 11; the valve body 11 can be divided into an upper body 11A and a lower body Part 11B, rubber 12 is provided on the lower body part 11B.
  • valve body collides with the valve seat, and the valve body is often washed by high-pressure medium, the valve body is prone to corrosion, rubber cracking, etc., resulting in the use of the valve body The lifespan is short, resulting in frequent disassembly and assembly of the valve body, which consumes more time and manpower.
  • fracturing operations have higher and higher requirements for the displacement and pressure of fracturing fluid; fracturing fluid contains a large amount of quartz sand, ceramsite and various impurities.
  • the high-pressure fracturing fluid has a particularly strong erosion on the valve body, making the valve body more likely to be worn.
  • valve body and valve assembly The Valve body includes a Valve body part, a first elastic part and a second elastic part; the Valve body part has a central axis; the Valve body part includes an upper body part and a lower body part arranged in sequence in the extending direction of the central axis , the first elastic part is located on the side of the upper body part away from the central axis, and the second elastic part is located on the side of the lower body part away from the central axis.
  • the upper body part and the lower body part are arranged symmetrically, and the first elastic part and the second elastic part are arranged symmetrically.
  • the valve body can continue to be used after the valve body is turned over when the first elastic part or the second elastic part is worn out to be unusable. Therefore, the valve body can greatly increase the service life and reduce maintenance costs.
  • valve body and the valve assembly provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the valve body 100 includes a valve body part 110 , a first elastic part 121 and a second elastic part 122 .
  • the valve body 110 has a central axis 111 , for example, the valve body 110 may be a body of revolution, and the above-mentioned central axis 111 may be an axis of rotational symmetry of the valve body 110 .
  • the body part 110 includes an upper body part 112 and a lower body part 114 arranged in sequence in the direction of extension of the central axis 111, and the first elastic part 121 is located on the upper body part 112 away from the central axis 111.
  • One side of the first elastic part 121 is located on the outer side of the upper body part 112;
  • the upper body part 112 and the lower body part 114 are arranged symmetrically, and the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 are arranged symmetrically.
  • the upper body portion 112 and the lower body portion 114 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the central axis 111 ; the first elastic portion 121 and the second elastic portion 122 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the central axis 111 .
  • the upper body part 112 and the lower body part 114 are arranged symmetrically, and the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 are arranged symmetrically, including substantially symmetrically arranged with each other.
  • the valve body can continue to be used after the valve body is turned over when the first elastic part or the second elastic part is worn out, which shows that the first and second elastic parts and At least the outer contours of the upper and lower body parts are arranged symmetrically, and a certain difference in the internal structure is allowed on the basis of ensuring that the elastic parts on both sides can realize the function of the Verne body.
  • valve body since the valve body includes a first elastic part and a second elastic part respectively arranged outside the upper body part and the lower body part, and the upper body part and the lower body part are arranged symmetrically , the first elastic part and the second elastic part are arranged symmetrically; the valve body can be used continuously after the valve body is turned over when the first elastic part or the second elastic part is worn out to be unusable. Therefore, the valve body can greatly increase the service life and reduce maintenance costs.
  • the first elastic portion 121 is an annular structure and is sleeved on the upper body portion 122
  • the second elastic portion 122 is an annular structure and is sleeved on the lower body portion 124 .
  • the material of the first elastic portion 121 includes one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and the material of the first elastic portion may also be other elastic and wear-resistant materials.
  • the material of the second elastic portion 122 includes one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and the material of the second elastic portion may also be other elastic and wear-resistant materials.
  • the distance between the surface of the first elastic portion 121 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 is greater than the distance between the surface of the upper body portion 112 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 ;
  • the distance between the surface of the second elastic portion 122 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 is greater than the distance between the surface of the lower body portion 114 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 . Therefore, during the collision and contact process of the valve body and the valve seat, the first elastic part and the second elastic part collide and contact with the valve seat, so that the effect of wear resistance and erosion resistance can be achieved. On the other hand, the first elastic part and the second elastic part can also enhance the sealing performance between the valve body and the valve seat.
  • the valve body portion 110 further includes a middle portion 116 located between the upper body portion 112 and the lower body portion 114 , and the radial dimension of the middle portion 116 is larger than that of the upper body portion 112 The radial dimension of and the radial dimension of the lower body portion 114.
  • the middle portion 116 can be used to separate the first elastic portion 121 and the second elastic portion 122 and provide support for the first elastic portion 121 and the second elastic portion 122 respectively.
  • the upper body portion 112 includes a first groove 131 located on a side of the upper body portion 112 away from the central axis 111 , and the first elastic portion 121 is at least partially located in the first groove. 131 ; thus, the first groove 131 can function to fix the first elastic part 121 .
  • the lower body portion 114 includes a second groove 132 located on a side of the lower body portion 114 away from the central axis 111 , and the second elastic portion 122 is at least partially located in the second groove. 132 ; thus, the second groove 132 can play a role of fixing the second elastic part 122 .
  • the first groove 131 is in contact with the middle portion 116
  • the second groove 132 is in contact with the middle portion 116 . That is, the middle portion 116 may serve as a part of the sidewall of the first groove 131 , and the middle portion 116 may serve as a part of the sidewall of the second groove 132 .
  • the second surface 152 intersecting with the first surface 151 and away from the lower body portion 114 and the third surface 153 intersecting with the first surface 151 and away from the upper body portion 112;
  • the second surface 152 includes a first concave structure 161, from the first
  • the second surface 152 is recessed into the protruding portion 1162
  • the third surface 153 includes a second concave structure 162
  • the protruding portion 1162 is recessed from the third surface 153 .
  • the first concave structure 161 and the second concave structure 162 can be further used to fix the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 .
  • the first elastic part 121 includes a first protruding structure 171, which is arranged corresponding to the first concave structure 161 and located in the first concave structure 161; the second elastic part 122 includes The second protruding structure 172 is disposed corresponding to the second recessed structure 162 and located in the second recessed structure 162 .
  • the first concave structure 161 can fix the first elastic part 121 through the first protruding structure 171 ;
  • the second concave structure 162 can fix the second elastic part 122 through the second protruding structure 172 .
  • the distance between the surface of the first elastic portion 121 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 is less than or equal to the distance between the first surface 151 and the central axis 111
  • the second elastic portion The distance between the surface of 122 away from the central axis 111 and the central axis 111 is less than or equal to the distance between the first surface 151 and the central axis 111 .
  • the valve body 100 further includes a guide structure 180, and the guide structure 180 is connected to the valve body part 110, so as to guide the valve body and limit the valve body in the valve body. Deflection in your seat.
  • the guide structure 180 includes a guide rod 182, and the guide rod 182 includes a first sub-guide rod 1821 and a second sub-guide rod 1822, and the first sub-guide rod 1821 and the upper body part 112 and extend along the extension direction of the central axis 111 , the second sub-guiding rod 1823 is connected with the lower body part 114 and extend along the extension direction of the central axis 111 . Therefore, after the Valve body is turned up and down, the guide rod can still play a guiding role.
  • the first sub-guiding rod 1821 , the second sub-guiding rod 1822 and the valve body 110 are integrally formed.
  • the valve body has a high mechanical strength and a simple structure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and the first sub-guide rod, the second sub-guide rod and the valve body can also be manufactured separately and then assembled together.
  • the first sub-guiding rod 1821 and the second sub-guiding rod 1822 are arranged coaxially and have the same length.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another valve body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 are integrated into one body. That is to say, the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 are two parts of an integral elastic member. As a result, the number of parts and assembly difficulty of the valve body can be reduced.
  • the valve body part 110 includes a third groove 133 located on the side of the valve body part 110 away from the central axis 111 , the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 are at least partially located in the third groove 133 .
  • the elastic member composed of the first elastic portion 121 and the second elastic portion 122 is at least partially located in the third groove 133 .
  • the third groove 133 can be used to fix the first elastic part 121 and the second elastic part 122 .
  • the valve body 100 also includes a guide structure 180, and the guide structure 180 is connected with the valve body part 110, so as to guide the valve body and limit the valve body in the valve body. Deflection in your seat.
  • the upper body portion 112 includes a first slot 191
  • the lower body portion 114 includes a second slot 192
  • the central axis 111 passes through the first slot 191 and the second slot.
  • the slot 192 , the guide structure 180 includes the tongue 185 is configured to be inserted into the first slot 191 or the second slot 192 , so that the guide structure 180 can be fixed on the upper body portion 112 or the lower body portion 114 .
  • guide structure 180 includes guide frame 184 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and the guide structure may also be the guide rod shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .
  • the material of the second elastic portion 122 includes one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and the material of the second elastic portion may also be other elastic and wear-resistant materials.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a valve assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the valve assembly 200 includes the valve body 100 provided in any of the above examples. Since the valve body includes a first elastic portion and a second elastic portion respectively arranged outside the upper body portion and the lower body portion, and the upper body portion and the lower body portion are arranged symmetrically, the first elastic portion and the second elastic portion are arranged symmetrically ;
  • the valve body can continue to be used after the valve body is turned over when the first elastic part or the second elastic part is worn out to be unusable. Therefore, the service life of the valve assembly including the valve body can be greatly improved and the maintenance cost can be reduced.
  • the valve body 100 in FIG. 8 adopts the valve body shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 provided the valve body.
  • the valve assembly 200 further includes a valve spring seat 210, a spring 220 and a valve seat 240; Contacting arrangement, the other end of the valve body 100 is arranged in the middle hole of the valve seat 240 . Under the elastic force of the spring 220, the valve body 100 can seal the middle hole of the valve seat 240, thereby realizing the closing of the valve assembly 200; When the pressure applied by the valve body 100 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 220, the valve body 100 and the valve seat 240 are separated or partially separated, so that the middle hole of the valve seat 240 cannot be sealed, thereby realizing the opening of the valve.
  • valve assembly 200 can realize the function of a one-way valve.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a plunger pump provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the plunger pump 300 includes a valve box 310 , a plunger 320 , a first sealing assembly 330 , a second sealing assembly 340 , a packing sealing assembly 350 , a first valve assembly 360 and a second valve assembly 370 .
  • the valve box 310 includes a first cavity 410 and a second cavity 420 , and the first cavity 410 and the second cavity 420 are intersected to form an intersecting area 430 at the intersecting position.
  • the first sealing assembly 330 and the packing sealing assembly 350 are located at both ends of the first cavity 410 respectively, and the plunger 320 is partly arranged in the packing sealing assembly 350 and can reciprocate in the first cavity 410;
  • a valve assembly 360 and a second valve assembly 370 are located at both ends of the second cavity 420 respectively, the second sealing assembly 340 is arranged on the side of the second valve assembly 370 away from the first valve assembly 360, and the second cavity 420 end seal.
  • the plunger pump 300 also includes a liquid inlet 380 and a liquid outlet 390, the liquid inlet 380 is located at the side of the first valve assembly 360 away from the second valve assembly 370, and the liquid outlet 390 is located at the side of the second valve assembly 370 between assembly 370 and second sealing assembly 340 .
  • the first valve assembly 360 is configured to allow external fluid to enter the second chamber 420 from the liquid inlet 380, but prohibits the fluid of the second chamber 420 from flowing out from the liquid inlet 380;
  • the second valve assembly 370 is configured to allow the second The fluid in the cavity 420 flows out from the liquid outlet 390 , but the external fluid cannot flow into the second cavity 420 from the liquid outlet 390 .
  • the first valve assembly 360 is closed, the second valve assembly 370 is opened, the high-pressure fluid can pass through the second valve assembly 370, and flow out from the liquid outlet 390, thereby realizing the pressurization and discharge process of the fluid; when the plunger 320 progresses to the limit , the total volume of the first cavity 410 and the second cavity 420 is the smallest, and the discharge process of the high-pressure fluid is completed.
  • the processes of suction, pressurization and discharge of fluid can be continuously performed through the reciprocating motion of the plunger.
  • both the first valve assembly 360 and the second valve assembly 370 can use the valve assembly 200 provided in any of the above examples, so that the maintenance time and cost of the plunger pump can be greatly reduced.

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Abstract

一种凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵。该凡尔体(100)包括凡尔本体部(110)、第一弹性部(121)和第二弹性部(122)；凡尔本体部(110)具有中心轴(111)；凡尔本体部(110)包括在中心轴(111)的延伸方向上依次设置的上本体部(112)和下本体部(114)，第一弹性部(121)位于上本体部(112)远离中心轴(111)的一侧，第二弹性部(122)位于下本体部(114)远离中心轴(111)的一侧。上本体部(112)和下本体部(114)对称设置，第一弹性部(121)和第二弹性部(122)对称设置。该凡尔体(100)可在第一弹性部(121)或第二弹性部(122)被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后，可继续进行使用。由此，该凡尔体可大大提高使用寿命，降低维护成本。

Description

凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵
本申请要求于2021年10月13日递交的中国专利申请202111192918.7号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵。
背景技术
在石油和天然气开采领域，压裂作业是指在采油或采气过程中，利用高压的压裂液使油气层形成裂缝的一种技术。通过压裂作业可使得油气层形成裂缝，从而可改善石油或天然气在地下的流动环境，使油井产量增加。因此，压裂作业是油气田开采中主要的增产方式。另一方面，世界页岩气资源丰富，但由于页岩地层渗透率很低，目前还没有得到广泛开发。压裂技术作为页岩气开发的核心技术之一，可广泛用于页岩储层改造和页岩气的开采。
用于进行压裂作业的设备通常包括混砂设备、混配设备和压裂设备。混砂设备和混配设备可用于制备携带有压裂砂的压裂液；压裂设备可对压裂液进行加压。压裂设备通常包括柱塞泵和为柱塞泵提供动力的原动机，柱塞泵可利用原动机提供的机械动力对流体进行增压。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种凡尔体、阀门组件和柱塞泵。该凡尔体包括凡尔本体部、第一弹性部和第二弹性部；凡尔本体部具有中心轴；凡尔本体部包括在中心轴的延伸方向上依次设置的上本体部和下本体部，第一弹性部位于上本体部远离中心轴的一侧，第二弹性部位于下本体部远离中心轴的一侧。上本体部和下本体部对称设置，第一弹性部和第二弹性部对称设置。该凡尔体可在第一弹性部或第二弹性部被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后，可继续进行使用。由此，该凡尔体可大大提高使用寿命，降低维护成本。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种凡尔体，其包括：凡尔本体部，具有中心轴；第一弹性部；以及第二弹性部，所述凡尔本体部包括在所述中心轴的延伸 方向上依次设置的上本体部和下本体部，所述第一弹性部位于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第二弹性部位于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述上本体部和所述下本体部对称设置，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部对称设置。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部为环状结构，套设在所述上本体部上，所述第二弹性部为环状结构，套设在所述下本体部上。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离大于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离；所述第二弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离大于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述凡尔本体部还包括中间部，位于所述上本体部和所述下本体部之间，所述中间部的径向尺寸大于所述上本体部的径向尺寸和所述下本体部的径向尺寸。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述上本体部包括第一凹槽，位于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第一弹性部至少部分位于所述第一凹槽之内；所述下本体部包括第二凹槽，位于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第二弹性部至少部分位于所述第二凹槽之内。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一凹槽与所述中间部相接，所述第二凹槽与所述中间部相接。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述中间部包括凸出于所述上本体部和所述下本体部的凸出部，所述凸出部包括远离所述中心轴的第一表面、与所述第一表面相交且远离所述上本体部的第二表面和与所述第一表面相交且远离所述下本体部的第三表面，所述第二表面包括第一凹陷结构，从所述第二表面凹入所述凸出部，所述第三表面包括第二凹陷结构，从所述第三表面凹入所述凸出部。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部包括第一突出结构，与所述第一凹陷结构对应设置且位于所述第一凹陷结构之中；所述第二弹性部包括第二突出结构，与所述第二凹陷结构对应设置且位于所述第二凹陷结构之中。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴之间的第一距离小于等于所述第一表面与所述中心轴 的距离，所述第二弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴之间的第二距离小于等于所述第一表面与所述中心轴的距离。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部集成为一体。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述凡尔本体部包括第三凹槽，位于所述凡尔本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部均至少部分位于所述第三凹槽之中。
例如，本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体还包括：导向结构，与所述凡尔本体部相连。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述导向结构包括导向杆，所述导向杆包括第一子导向杆和第二子导向杆，所述第一子导向杆与所述上本体部相连，且沿中心轴的延伸方向延伸，所述第二子导向杆与所述下本体部相连，且沿所述中心轴的延伸方向延伸。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一子导向杆、所述第二子导向杆和所述凡尔本体部一体成型。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一子导向杆和所述第二子导向杆同轴设置且长度相同。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述上本体部包括第一插槽，所述下本体部包括第二插槽，所述中心轴穿过所述第一插槽和所述第二插槽，所述导向结构包括插舌，被配置为插入所述第一插槽或所述第二插槽。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述导向结构包括导向架或导向杆。
例如，在本公开一实施例提供的凡尔体中，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部的材料包括橡胶、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯中的一种或多种。
本公开至少一个实施例还提供一种阀门组件，其包括上述任一项所述的凡尔体。
本公开至少一个实施例还提供一种柱塞泵，其包括上述任一项所述的阀门组件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简 单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为一种柱塞泵的液力端的结构示意图；
图2为一种凡尔体的剖面示意图；
图3为另一种凡尔体的剖面示意图；
图4为本公开一实施例提供的一种凡尔体的结构示意图；
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种凡尔体的剖面示意图；
图6为本公开一实施例提供的另一种凡尔体的结构示意图；
图7为本公开一实施例提供的另一种凡尔体的剖面示意图；
图8为本公开一实施例提供的阀门组件的示意图；以及
图9为本公开一实施例提供的柱塞泵的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
通常的柱塞泵包括动力端和液力端；动力端与原动机相连，并将原动机输出的机械动力转换为柱塞的往复运动，而柱塞的往复运动可在液力端中导致液力端的阀箱内的腔体的体积和压力变化。此时，通过液力端中阀门组件和柱塞的往复运动的配合，可在柱塞进行回程运动时，从外界吸入低压流体，在柱塞进行进程运动时，对低压流体进行加压。由此，柱塞泵可将原动机提供的机械动力将低压流体转换为高压流体。
图1为一种柱塞泵的液力端的结构示意图。如图1所示，该液力端30包括阀箱31、柱塞32、第一密封组件33、第二密封组件34、盘根密封组件35、第一阀门组件36和第二阀门组件37。阀箱31包括第一腔体41和第二腔体42，第一腔体41和第二腔体42交叉设置，并在交叉位置形成交贯区域43。第一密封组件33和盘根密封组件35分别位于第一腔体41的两端，柱塞32部分设置在盘根密封组件35之中，并可在第一腔体41内进行往复运动；第一阀门组件36和第二阀门组件37分别位于第二腔体42的两端，第二密封组件34设置在第二阀门组件37远离第一阀门组件36的一侧，并将第二腔体42的端部密封。液力端30还包括进液口38和出液口39，进液口38位于第一阀门组件36远离第二阀门组件37的一侧，出液口39位于第二阀门组件37和第二密封组件34之间。第一阀门组件36被配置为允许外界流体从进液口38进入第二腔体42，但禁止第二腔体42的流体从进液口38流出；第二阀门组件37被配置为允许第二腔体42中的流体从出液口39流出，但是外界流体无法从出液口39流入第二腔体42。
如图1所示，当柱塞32进行回程运动时，第一腔体41和第二腔体42的总容积变大，因此产生负压；外界的低压流体(例如压裂液)可从第一阀门组件36进入第二腔体42和第一腔体41，从而实现流体的吸入过程；当柱塞32回程到极限时，第一腔体41和第二腔体42的总容积最大；当柱塞32进行进程运动时，第一腔体41和第二腔体42的容积变小，第一腔体41和第二腔体42中的低压流体受到压力而转换为高压流体，此时由于第一阀门组件36关闭，第二阀门组件37打开，高压流体可通过第二阀门组件37，并从出液口39流出，从而实现流体的加压和排出过程；当柱塞32进程到极限时，第一腔体41和第二腔体42的总容积最小，完成高压流体的排出过程。由此，通过柱塞的往复运动可不断地进行流体的吸入、加压和排出过程。
可见，在柱塞泵中，阀门组件是重要的组件之一；如图1所示，第一阀门组件36可通常包括凡尔弹簧座36A、弹簧36B、凡尔体36C、和凡尔座36D；凡尔弹簧座36A设置在交变区域43，弹簧36B设置在凡尔弹簧座36A上，凡尔体36C的一端与弹簧36B接触设置，凡尔体36C的另一端与凡尔座36D接触设置。在弹簧36B的弹力作用下，凡尔体36C可将凡尔座36D的中间孔封住，从而实现第一阀门组件36的关闭；当流体在从凡尔座36D到凡尔弹簧座36A的方向给凡尔体36C施加的力大于弹簧36B的弹力时，凡尔体36C与凡 尔座36D脱离或者部分脱离，从而无法将凡尔座36D的中间孔封住，从而实现阀门的打开。另一方面，当流体在从凡尔弹簧座36A到凡尔座36D的方向给凡尔体36C施压力时，凡尔体36C仍然将凡尔座36D的中间孔封住。由此，第一阀门组件36可实现单向阀的功能。
类似地，第二阀门组件37可通常包括凡尔弹簧座37A、弹簧37B、凡尔体37C、和凡尔座37D；第二密封组件34的一部分可作为凡尔弹簧座37A，弹簧37B设置在凡尔弹簧座37A上，凡尔体37C的一端与弹簧37B接触设置，凡尔体37C的另一端与凡尔座37D接触设置。在弹簧37B的弹力作用下，凡尔体37C可将凡尔座37D的中间孔封住，从而实现第二阀门组件37的关闭；当流体在从凡尔座37D到凡尔弹簧座37A的方向给凡尔体37C施加的力大于弹簧37B的弹力时，凡尔体37C与凡尔座37D脱离或者部分脱离，从而无法将凡尔座37D的中间孔封住，从而实现阀门的打开。另一方面，当流体在从凡尔弹簧座37A到凡尔座37D的方向给凡尔体37C施压力时，凡尔体37C仍然将凡尔座37D的中间孔封住。由此，第一阀门组件37可实现单向阀的功能。
图2为一种凡尔体的剖面示意图；图3为另一种凡尔体的剖面示意图。如图2和图3所示，凡尔体10包括凡尔本体部11和胶皮12，胶皮12套设在凡尔本体部11上；凡尔本体部11可分为上本体部11A和下本体部11B，胶皮12设置在下本体部11B上。
在柱塞泵的工作过程中，由于凡尔体会与凡尔座发生碰撞，并且凡尔体经常受到高压介质冲刷，因此凡尔体极易发生腐蚀、胶皮碎裂等情况，造成凡尔体使用寿命短，从而造成凡尔体需要频繁拆装，消耗较多的时间和人力。另一方面，随着压裂技术的不断发展，压裂作业对于压裂液的排量和压力的要求也越来越高；压裂液中含有大量的石英砂、陶粒及各种杂质，高压的压裂液对凡尔体的冲蚀特别厉害，使得凡尔体更容易被磨损。
对此，本公开实施例提供一种凡尔体和阀门组件。该凡尔体包括凡尔本体部、第一弹性部和第二弹性部；凡尔本体部具有中心轴；凡尔本体部包括在中心轴的延伸方向上依次设置的上本体部和下本体部，第一弹性部位于上本体部远离中心轴的一侧，第二弹性部位于下本体部远离中心轴的一侧。上本体部和下本体部对称设置，第一弹性部和第二弹性部对称设置。该凡尔体可在第一弹性部或第二弹性部被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后，可继续进行使用。由此，该凡尔体可大大提高使用寿命，降低维护成本。
下面，结合附图对本公开实施例提供的凡尔体和阀门组件进行详细的说明。
本公开一实施例提供一种凡尔体。图4为本公开一实施例提供的一种凡尔体的结构示意图；图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种凡尔体的剖面示意图。如图4和图5所示，凡尔体100包括凡尔本体部110、第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122。凡尔本体部110具有中心轴111，例如，凡尔本体部110可为回转体，而上述的中心轴111可为凡尔本体部110旋转对称的轴。
如图4和图5所示，凡尔本体部110包括在中心轴111的延伸方向上依次设置的上本体部112和下本体部114，第一弹性部121位于上本体部112远离中心轴111的一侧，即第一弹性部121位于上本体部112的外侧；第二弹性部122位于下本体部114远离中心轴111的一侧，即第二弹性部122位于下本体部114的外侧。
如图4和图5所示，上本体部112和下本体部114对称设置，第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122对称设置。例如，上本体部112和下本体部114可相对于垂直于中心轴111的一平面对称设置；第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122可相对于垂直于中心轴111的一平面对称设置。需要说明的是，这里的上本体部112和下本体部114对称设置以及第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122对称设置，也包括彼此大致的彼此对称设置。可以理解的是，该凡尔体可在第一弹性部或第二弹性部被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后可继续进行使用，这表明了第一和第二弹性部以及上下本体部至少外部轮廓是对称设置的，而在保证两侧弹性部均能实现凡尔体功能的基础上允许内部结构有一定的差别。
在本公开实施例提供的凡尔体中，由于该凡尔体包括分别设置在上本体部和下本体部外侧的第一弹性部和第二弹性部，并且上本体部和下本体部对称设置，第一弹性部和第二弹性部对称设置；该凡尔体可在第一弹性部或第二弹性部被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后，可继续进行使用。由此，该凡尔体可大大提高使用寿命，降低维护成本。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一弹性部121为环状结构，套设在上本体部122上，第二弹性部122为环状结构，套设在下本体部124上。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一弹性部121的材料包括橡胶、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯中的一种或多种。当然，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，第一弹性部的材料也可采用其他具有弹性和耐磨性的材料。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第二弹性部122的材料包括橡胶、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯中的一种或多种。当然，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，第二弹性部的材料也可采用其他具有弹性和耐磨性的材料。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一弹性部121远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111的距离大于上本体部112远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111的距离；第二弹性部122远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111的距离大于下本体部114远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111的距离。由此，在凡尔体与凡尔座的碰撞和接触过程中，是第一弹性部和第二弹性部与凡尔座碰撞和接触，从而可起到耐磨损、耐冲蚀的效果。另一方面，第一弹性部和第二弹性部也可增强凡尔体与凡尔座之间的密封性能。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，凡尔本体部110还包括中间部116，位于上本体部112和下本体部114之间，中间部116的径向尺寸大于上本体部112的径向尺寸和下本体部114的径向尺寸。由此，中间部116可用于分隔第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122，并分别为第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122提供支撑。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，上本体部112包括第一凹槽131，位于上本体部112远离中心轴111的一侧，第一弹性部121至少部分位于第一凹槽131之内；由此，第一凹槽131可起到固定第一弹性部121的作用。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，下本体部114包括第二凹槽132，位于下本体部114远离中心轴111的一侧，第二弹性部122至少部分位于第二凹槽132之内；由此，第二凹槽132可起到固定第二弹性部122的作用。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一凹槽131与中间部116相接，第二凹槽132与中间部116相接。也就是说，中间部116可作为第一凹槽131的侧壁的一部分，中间部116可作为第二凹槽132的侧壁的一部分。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，中间部116包括凸出于上本体部112和下本体部114的凸出部1162，凸出部1162包括远离中心轴111的第一表面151、与第一表面151相交且远离下本体部114的第二表面152和与第一表面151相交且远离上本体部112的第三表面153；第二表面152包括第一凹陷结构161，从第二表面152凹入凸出部1162，第三表面153包括第二凹陷结构162，从第三表面153凹入凸出部1162。第一凹陷结构161和第二凹陷结构162可进一步用于固定第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一弹性部121包括第一突出结构171，与第一凹陷结构161对应设置且位于第一凹陷结构161之中；第二弹性部122包括第二突出结构172，与第二凹陷结构162对应设置且位于第二凹陷结构162之中。由此，第一凹陷结构161可通过第一突出结构171将第一弹性部121固定；第二凹陷结构162可通过第二突出结构172将第二弹性部122固定。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一弹性部121远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111之间的距离小于等于第一表面151与中心轴111的距离，第二弹性部122远离中心轴111的表面与中心轴111之间的距离小于等于第一表面151与中心轴111的距离。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，该凡尔体100还包括导向结构180，导向结构180与凡尔本体部110相连，从而对凡尔体进行导向，限制凡尔体在凡尔座中的偏转。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，导向结构180包括导向杆182，导向杆182包括第一子导向杆1821和第二子导向杆1822，第一子导向杆1821与上本体部112相连，且沿中心轴111的延伸方向延伸，第二子导向杆1823与下本体部114相连，且沿中心轴111的延伸方向延伸。由此，当凡尔体进行上下翻转之后，导向杆仍然可以起到引导的作用。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一子导向杆1821、第二子导向杆1822和凡尔本体部110一体成型。由此，该凡尔体具有较高的机械强度和简单的结构。当然，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，第一子导向杆、第二子导向杆和凡尔本体部也可分别制作，然后在装配在一起。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，第一子导向杆1821和第二子导向杆1822同轴设置且长度相同。
图6为本公开一实施例提供的另一种凡尔体的结构示意图；图7为本公开一实施例提供的另一种凡尔体的剖面示意图。如图6和图7所示，第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122集成为一体。也就是说，第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122为一个整体的弹性件的两个部分。由此，可减少该凡尔体的零件数量和装配难度。
在一些示例中，如图6和图7所示，凡尔本体部110包括第三凹槽133，位于凡尔本体部110远离中心轴111的一侧，第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122均至少部分位于第三凹槽133之中。
例如，如图6和图7所示，由第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122组成的弹性件至少部分位于第三凹槽133之中。由此，第三凹槽133可用于固定第一弹性部121和第二弹性部122。
在一些示例中，如图6和图7所示，该凡尔体100还包括导向结构180，导向结构180与凡尔本体部110相连，从而对凡尔体进行导向，限制凡尔体在凡尔座中的偏转。
在一些示例中，如图6和图7所示，上本体部112包括第一插槽191，下本体部114包括第二插槽192，中心轴111穿过第一插槽191和第二插槽192，导向结构180包括插舌185，被配置为插入第一插槽191或第二插槽192，从而可将导向结构180固定在上本体部112或下本体部114。
在一些示例中，导向结构180包括导向架184。当然，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，导向结构也可为图4和图5所示的导向杆。
在一些示例中，如图6和图7所示，第二弹性部122的材料包括橡胶、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯中的一种或多种。当然，本公开实施例包括但不限于此，第二弹性部的材料也可采用其他具有弹性和耐磨性的材料。
本公开至少一个实施例还提供一种阀门组件。图8为本公开一实施例提供的阀门组件的示意图。如图8所示，该阀门组件200包括上述任一示例提供的凡尔体100。由于该凡尔体包括分别设置在上本体部和下本体部外侧的第一弹性部和第二弹性部，并且上本体部和下本体部对称设置，第一弹性部和第二弹性部对称设置；该凡尔体可在第一弹性部或第二弹性部被磨损到无法使用时，将凡尔体进行翻转后，可继续进行使用。由此，包括该凡尔体的阀门组件可大大提高使用寿命，降低维护成本。需要说明的是，虽然图8中的凡尔体100采用了如图6和图7所示的凡尔体，但本公开实施例包括但不限于此，该阀门组件也可包括其他示例(例如图4和图5)提供的凡尔体。
在一些示例中，如图8所示，阀门组件200还包括凡尔弹簧座210、弹簧220和凡尔座240；弹簧220设置在凡尔弹簧座210上，凡尔体100的一端与弹簧220接触设置，凡尔体100的另一端设置在凡尔座240的中间孔之内。在弹簧220的弹力作用下，凡尔体100可将凡尔座240的中间孔封住，从而实现阀门组件200的关闭；当流体在从凡尔座240到凡尔弹簧座210的方向给凡尔体100施压力，且大于弹簧220的弹力时，凡尔体100与凡尔座240脱离或者部分脱离，从而无法将凡尔座240的中间孔封住，从而实现阀门的打开。另一 方面，当流体在从凡尔弹簧座210到凡尔座240的方向给凡尔体100施压力时，凡尔体100仍然将凡尔座240的中间孔封住。由此，阀门组件200可实现单向阀的功能。
本公开至少一个实施例还提供一种柱塞泵。图9为本公开一实施例提供的一种柱塞泵的结构示意图。如图9所示，该柱塞泵300包括阀箱310、柱塞320、第一密封组件330、第二密封组件340、盘根密封组件350、第一阀门组件360和第二阀门组件370。阀箱310包括第一腔体410和第二腔体420，第一腔体410和第二腔体420交叉设置，并在交叉位置形成交贯区域430。第一密封组件330和盘根密封组件350分别位于第一腔体410的两端，柱塞320部分设置在盘根密封组件350之中，并可在第一腔体410内进行往复运动；第一阀门组件360和第二阀门组件370分别位于第二腔体420的两端，第二密封组件340设置在第二阀门组件370远离第一阀门组件360的一侧，并将第二腔体420的端部密封。
如图9所示，柱塞泵300还包括进液口380和出液口390，进液口380位于第一阀门组件360远离第二阀门组件370的一侧，出液口390位于第二阀门组件370和第二密封组件340之间。第一阀门组件360被配置为允许外界流体从进液口380进入第二腔体420，但禁止第二腔体420的流体从进液口380流出；第二阀门组件370被配置为允许第二腔体420中的流体从出液口390流出，但是外界流体无法从出液口390流入第二腔体420。
如图9所示，当柱塞320进行回程运动时，第一腔体410和第二腔体420的总容积变大，因此产生负压；外界的低压流体(例如压裂液)可从第一阀门组件360进入第二腔体420和第一腔体410，从而实现流体的吸入过程；当柱塞320回程到极限时，第一腔体410和第二腔体420的总容积最大；当柱塞320进行进程运动时，第一腔体410和第二腔体420的容积变小，第一腔体410和第二腔体420中的低压流体受到压力而转换为高压流体，此时由于第一阀门组件360关闭，第二阀门组件370打开，高压流体可通过第二阀门组件370，并从出液口390流出，从而实现流体的加压和排出过程；当柱塞320进程到极限时，第一腔体410和第二腔体420的总容积最小，完成高压流体的排出过程。由此，通过柱塞的往复运动可不断地进行流体的吸入、加压和排出过程。
如图9所示，第一阀门组件360和第二阀门组件370均可采用上述任一示例提供的阀门组件200，从而可大大降低该柱塞泵的维护时间和成本。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图中，只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)在不冲突的情况下，本公开同一实施例及不同实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种凡尔体，包括：
    凡尔本体部，具有中心轴；
    第一弹性部；以及
    第二弹性部，
    其中，所述凡尔本体部包括在所述中心轴的延伸方向上依次设置的上本体部和下本体部，所述第一弹性部位于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第二弹性部位于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，
    所述上本体部和所述下本体部对称设置，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部对称设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部为环状结构，套设在所述上本体部上，所述第二弹性部为环状结构，套设在所述下本体部上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离大于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离；
    所述第二弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离大于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴的距离。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的凡尔体，其中，所述凡尔本体部还包括中间部，位于所述上本体部和所述下本体部之间，所述中间部的径向尺寸大于所述上本体部的径向尺寸和所述下本体部的径向尺寸。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的凡尔体，其中，所述上本体部包括第一凹槽，位于所述上本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第一弹性部至少部分位于所述第一凹槽之内；
    所述下本体部包括第二凹槽，位于所述下本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，所述第二弹性部至少部分位于所述第二凹槽之内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一凹槽与所述中间部相接，所述第二凹槽与所述中间部相接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的凡尔体，其中，所述中间部包括凸出于所述上本体部和所述下本体部的凸出部，所述凸出部包括远离所述中心轴的第一表面、与所述第一表面相交且远离所述下本体部的第二表面和与所述第一表面相 交且远离所述上本体部的第三表面，
    所述第二表面包括第一凹陷结构，从所述第二表面凹入所述凸出部，所述第三表面包括第二凹陷结构，从所述第三表面凹入所述凸出部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部包括第一突出结构，与所述第一凹陷结构对应设置且位于所述第一凹陷结构之中；
    所述第二弹性部包括第二突出结构，与所述第二凹陷结构对应设置且位于所述第二凹陷结构之中。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴之间的第一距离小于等于所述第一表面与所述中心轴的距离，所述第二弹性部远离所述中心轴的表面与所述中心轴之间的第二距离小于等于所述第一表面与所述中心轴的距离。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部集成为一体。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的凡尔体，其中，所述凡尔本体部包括第三凹槽，位于所述凡尔本体部远离所述中心轴的一侧，
    所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部均至少部分位于所述第三凹槽之中。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的凡尔体，还包括：
    导向结构，与所述凡尔本体部相连。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的凡尔体，其中，所述导向结构包括导向杆，所述导向杆包括第一子导向杆和第二子导向杆，所述第一子导向杆与所述上本体部相连，且沿中心轴的延伸方向延伸，所述第二子导向杆与所述下本体部相连，且沿所述中心轴的延伸方向延伸。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一子导向杆、所述第二子导向杆和所述凡尔本体部一体成型。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一子导向杆和所述第二子导向杆同轴设置且长度相同。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的凡尔体，其中，所述上本体部包括第一插槽，所述下本体部包括第二插槽，所述中心轴穿过所述第一插槽和所述第二插槽，所述导向结构包括插舌，被配置为插入所述第一插槽或所述第二插槽。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的凡尔体，其中，所述导向结构包括导向架或导向杆。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的凡尔体，其中，所述第一弹性部和所述第二弹性部的材料包括橡胶、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯乙烯中的一种或多种。
  19. 一种阀门组件，包括根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的凡尔体。
  20. 一种柱塞泵，包括根据权利要求19所述的阀门组件。
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