WO2023051818A1 - 一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法 - Google Patents

一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法 Download PDF

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WO2023051818A1
WO2023051818A1 PCT/CN2022/123510 CN2022123510W WO2023051818A1 WO 2023051818 A1 WO2023051818 A1 WO 2023051818A1 CN 2022123510 W CN2022123510 W CN 2022123510W WO 2023051818 A1 WO2023051818 A1 WO 2023051818A1
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data
axis
module
comfort
comfort index
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PCT/CN2022/123510
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French (fr)
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邓元策
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瞬联软件科技(北京)有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling

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  • the invention relates to an indicating device for riding comfort and a corresponding indicating method for riding comfort, belonging to the technical field of vehicle driving.
  • the vestibular function may be imperfect because the nervous system is not fully developed.
  • the position of the baby's head is constantly changing due to the constant change of direction during driving, and the acceleration and deceleration make the body move in a straight line or rotate, which will cause the baby's vestibular organs to be strongly stimulated, such as overstimulation is too strong , exceeding the tolerance limit of the vestibular organ, resulting in postural adjustment disorder and autonomic dysfunction, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and other reactions will appear.
  • the primary technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an indicator device for riding comfort, so as to improve the riding comfort of passengers.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an indication method for riding comfort.
  • an indicator device for riding comfort including:
  • the first end of the elastic support is fixed on the top surface of the base, and the second end of the elastic support can elastically swing relative to the first end of the elastic support;
  • the supporting part is installed on the second end of the elastic supporting part
  • the sensor measurement module is installed on the side of the support part away from the base, and is used for calculating and displaying the comfort index.
  • the sensor measurement module includes a power module, a three-axis acceleration module, a single-chip microcomputer, and an indication execution module, and the three-axis acceleration module, the single-chip microcomputer, and the indication execution module are all electrically connected to the power supply module;
  • the three-axis acceleration module is electrically connected with the single-chip electromechanical device, so as to detect the instantaneous acceleration values of the three directions of the vehicle at the current moment and feed back to the single-chip microcomputer; wherein, the driving direction of the vehicle is defined as the Y-axis direction, the horizontal plane The direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction is defined as the X-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction in the vertical plane is defined as the Z-axis direction;
  • the instruction execution module is electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer for displaying the comfort index
  • the single-chip microcomputer is used to configure the three-axis acceleration, read and analyze data, and drive the instruction execution module to display the comfort index.
  • a method for indicating ride comfort comprising the following steps:
  • the vehicle The driving direction is defined as the Y-axis direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction in the horizontal plane is defined as the X-axis direction
  • the direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction in the vertical plane is defined as the Z-axis direction;
  • the Z-axis inclination is calculated after reading the data and stored in the buffer area, specifically including the following sub-steps:
  • the optimal parameter estimates are given through model parameter training
  • An output comfort index is determined according to the estimated parameter value.
  • the distribution estimation of the Z-axis inclination specifically includes the following sub-steps:
  • the effective data set is selected for subsequent model parameter training, which specifically includes the following sub-steps:
  • the optimal parameter estimation value is given through model parameter training, which specifically includes the following sub-steps:
  • training obtains parameter estimates c o , in, c is the model parameter, represents the concavity of the distribution curve, and c represents the steady-state expectation of the dip.
  • said determining and outputting the comfort index according to said estimated parameter value specifically includes the following sub-steps:
  • is an adjustable parameter of the system, and the larger the value of ⁇ , the less sensitive the comfort index calculation is to the estimated value of the distribution, otherwise, the more sensitive it is to the estimated value of the distribution.
  • said initializing the sensor measurement module and performing data configuration specifically includes the following sub-steps:
  • the timing interrupt response program includes reading the instantaneous data of the three-axis acceleration, and updating the instantaneous data and the mark of the three-axis acceleration.
  • the indicator device for ride comfort can be installed on the vehicle.
  • the sensor measurement module will simulate the same tendency of leaning forward and backward as the passenger due to the effect of inertia.
  • the tendency of leaning forward and backward will be converted into the change of the inclination angle of the sensor measurement module in the preset direction, so as to effectively indicate the riding comfort of the currently running vehicle.
  • the comfort index is displayed through the sensor measurement module. After the comfort index is displayed, the driver can be reminded of the feelings of the current passengers, and then the driver will be prompted to adjust the driving operation to improve the handling of the vehicle, so that the vehicle will run more smoothly, thus forming a ride comfort index. On the one hand, it can give the driver a warning, and on the other hand, it can also be used as one of the evaluation reference indicators for driving skills and safety service awareness.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an indicator device for riding comfort provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, a schematic structural view of a sensor measurement module
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-axis acceleration direction of the three-axis acceleration module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of closed-loop feedback regulation of riding comfort
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for indicating ride comfort according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention, the flowchart of timing interrupt response program
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-axis acceleration direction after the position of the three-axis acceleration module changes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an indicator device for riding comfort provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the indicating device at least includes: a base 1 , an elastic support 2 , a support part 3 and a sensor measurement module 4 .
  • the base 1 is used as an installation basis for other components and is used to be placed on the horizontal plane of the vehicle, for example, the base 1 is fixed in the horizontal plane of the vehicle by means of glue.
  • the base 1 is in the shape of a disk, and in other embodiments, it may also be in other shapes, such as triangle, rectangle, polygon, ellipse, rhombus, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the material of the base 1 can be adaptively selected according to needs, preferably metal, and of course plastic.
  • the first end of the elastic support 2 is fixed on the top surface of the base 1 , and the second end of the elastic support 2 can elastically swing relative to the first end of the elastic support 2 .
  • the elastic supporting member 2 is preferably a supporting spring, but is not limited to the specific type of the elastic supporting member 2, and the first end of the supporting spring is fixed on the top surface of the base 1 by a fixing screw 11 (it can also be The first end of the support spring is fixed on the top surface of the base 1 by welding), and the second end of the support spring is a free end, so that the second end of the support spring can elastically swing relative to the first end of the support spring.
  • the supporting part 3 is installed on the second end of the elastic supporting member 2 to serve as the installation base of the sensor measuring module 4 .
  • the supporting part 3 is in the shape of a disk. It is easy to understand that in other embodiments, the supporting part 3 can also be in other shapes, such as: triangle, rectangle, polygon, ellipse, rhombus, etc. The shape is not limited here.
  • the sensor measurement module 4 is installed on the side of the support part 3 away from the base 1 for calculating and displaying the comfort index. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, the sensor measurement module 4 includes a power supply module 41, a three-axis acceleration module 42, a single-chip microcomputer 43 and an instruction execution module 44; Electrically connected, so as to supply power to other components through the power module 41.
  • the three-axis acceleration module 42 is electrically connected with the single-chip microcomputer 43, and is used to detect the instantaneous acceleration values of the three directions of the vehicle at the current moment and feeds back to the single-chip microcomputer 43.
  • the three-axis acceleration module 42 mainly includes the adaptation Circuit and three-axis accelerometer, wherein, with reference to shown in Figure 3, the traveling direction of vehicle is defined as Y-axis direction, the direction perpendicular to Y-axis direction in the horizontal plane is defined as X-axis direction, and the direction vertical to Y-axis direction in vertical plane is defined as X-axis direction. The direction is defined as the Z-axis direction.
  • the single-chip microcomputer 43 includes a crystal oscillator and a conventional adaptation interface circuit, which are used to complete the configuration of the three-axis acceleration, read and analyze data, and drive the instruction execution module 44 to display the comfort index.
  • the instruction execution module 44 is electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer 43, and the instruction execution module 44 includes an audible and visual alarm device and a display module for displaying the comfort index through warning sounds or instruction pictures.
  • the sensor measurement module 4 will simulate the same tendency of leaning forward and backward as the passenger, through the action of the supporting spring , will convert this forward and backward tendency into the change of the inclination angle of the sensor measurement module 4 in the preset direction, so as to effectively indicate the ride comfort of the currently running vehicle, and execute through the indication in the sensor measurement module 4 Module 44 enables display of the comfort index.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an indicating method for riding comfort. As shown in Figure 5, the indicating method at least includes the following steps:
  • steps S11-S12 are included:
  • the timing interrupt response program includes two steps.
  • the first step is to read the instantaneous data of the three-axis acceleration
  • the second step is to update the instantaneous data and marks of the three-axis acceleration.
  • the interrupt response program is triggered by a timing interrupt, and its timing interval is Ts. It is mainly responsible for driving a specific bus interface to read the current acceleration values of the three-axis accelerometer in three directions, store them in the buffer, and update the flag bit for data update. To help follow-up to determine whether the data is updated.
  • S2 Determine whether the data in a certain period of time is updated. If the data is updated, read the data and calculate the Z-axis inclination and store it in the buffer area; if the data is not updated, continue to judge the data update until the data is updated.
  • the interrupt response program updates the three-axis acceleration. If the data is updated, the updated data can be used to solve the Z-axis inclination angle. (The specific calculation process will be described in detail below); if the data is not updated, continue to monitor the data until the data is updated.
  • the Z-axis inclination can be calculated once every Ts, and each time the Z-axis inclination is calculated is a sampling, when the cumulative sampling After the number of points reaches N, the comfort index can be calculated, wherein the number N can be determined according to actual needs, and in the embodiment of the present invention, N is preferably 1000.
  • S3 Determine whether the cumulative number of sampling points reaches the set number N. If the cumulative number of sampling points reaches N, analyze the Z-axis inclination distribution and calculate the comfort index; if the cumulative sampling points do not reach N, continue to accumulate sampling until the cumulative The number of sampling points reaches N.
  • steps S31-S34 are included:
  • steps S311-S312 are included:
  • f u may also be other values, such as 0.3 Hz or 0.15 Hz, and N may also be other values, such as 800 or 1200.
  • the effective data set after data filtering be S
  • the elements in the effective data set S are composed of non-zero elements of the sequence D(i)
  • steps S331-S332 are included:
  • is an adjustable parameter of the system, and the larger the value of ⁇ , the less sensitive the comfort index calculation is to the estimated value of the distribution, otherwise, the more sensitive it is to the estimated value of the distribution.
  • I was very young, I mainly considered the value of C.
  • the comfort index has the following properties:
  • the value range is between [0, 1].
  • the display of the instruction execution module 44 can include instructions or warnings including lights and sounds.
  • Pain means that the level of comfort gradually decreases
  • it can also be a color identification (for example: from green, yellow to red means that the level of comfort gradually decreases).
  • the display of the comfort index by expression and color is only two relatively simple implementation manners, and in other embodiments, various forms of display can be formed as required.
  • step S2 After the comfort index of the previous period is displayed, it is necessary to return to step S2 and repeat steps S2 to S5 to form a loop, so that the comfort index is continuously displayed during the driving process of the vehicle, which is beneficial to improve the user's comfort level. car experience.
  • the ride comfort indicating device and indicating method simulate the inertial response of a non-driver by fixing a three-axis acceleration sensor on a supporting spring.
  • the concavity and convexity of the curve are reflected, and the concavity and convexity of the curve are normalized and quantified, and finally the comfort index is given to reflect the smoothness of the current driving .
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention it can effectively indicate the ride comfort of the currently running vehicle.
  • the driver can give the driver a warning, form a closed-loop control, and improve the driver's awareness of safe driving; on the other hand, it can also be used as a driving technology It is one of the evaluation reference indicators for safety and service awareness, and is used for driving skill evaluation and accident risk evaluation.

Abstract

一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法。该指示装置包括底座(1),用于放置在车辆水平面上;弹性支撑件(2),弹性支撑件(2)的第一端固定在底座(1)的顶面,弹性支撑件(2)的第二端能够相对弹性支撑件(2)的第一端弹性摆动;支撑部(3),支撑部(3)安装在弹性支撑件(2)的第二端;传感器测量模块(4),安装于支撑部(3)上远离底座(1)的一侧,用于计算并显示舒适度指数。乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法能够模拟出与乘客相同的前倾和后仰的趋势,从而可以有效的指示目前运行车辆的乘坐舒适度,进而促使驾驶员产生调整驾驶操作的意愿,以提高对车辆的操控性,从而使得车辆行驶更加平稳,形成乘坐舒适度的闭环反馈调节,一方面可以给驾驶员警示,另一方面可作为驾驶技术及安全服务意识的评估参考指标之一。

Description

一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置,同时涉及相应的乘坐舒适度的指示方法,属于车辆驾驶技术领域。
背景技术
在车辆行驶的过程中,因为驾驶员对车辆绝对的掌控,精神高度集中,而加速以及刹车的操作也是基于对前方周围环境情况的综合预判,所以驾驶员从身心上都提前做好准备,进而导致在加速和刹车时,驾驶员不会有明显的“猛推背”和“急前倾”的感觉。但是,对于乘坐车辆的乘客而言,特别是坐在后排的乘客,对于加速和刹车时的推背和前倾的感觉会很明显。特别是“猛推背”和“急前倾”的感觉会让乘客对车辆安全担忧,极大影响乘坐的舒适度。
对于乘坐车辆的婴儿及少数青少年而言,因神经系统发育还不健全,前庭功能可能不完善。乘车时,由于行进中不断变换方向,宝宝的头部位置不断改变,并且加速、减速使身体作直线变速或旋转运动,就会使宝宝的前庭器官受到较强的刺激,如过刺激太强,超过前庭器官的耐受限度,造成姿势调节障碍和植物神经功能紊乱,就会出现眩晕、恶心、呕吐等反应。
因此,目前亟待一种能够指示运行的车辆的乘坐舒适度的装置,可以给驾驶员提醒目前乘客的感受,进而间接的影响驾驶员的驾驶操作,形成一个乘坐舒适度的闭环反馈调节。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的首要技术问题在于提供一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置,以提高乘客的乘坐舒适度。
本发明所要解决的另一技术问题在于提供一种乘坐舒适度的指示方法。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明采用以下的技术方案:
根据本发明实施例的第一方面,提供一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置,包括:
底座,用于放置在车辆水平面上;
弹性支撑件,所述弹性支撑件的第一端固定在所述底座的顶面,所述弹性支撑件的第二端能够相对所述弹性支撑件的第一端弹性摆动;
支撑部,所述支撑部安装在所述弹性支撑件的第二端;
传感器测量模块,安装于所述支撑部上远离所述底座的一侧,用于计算并显示舒适度指数。
其中较优地,所述传感器测量模块包括电源模块、三轴加速度模块、单片机以及指示执行模块,所述三轴加速度模块、单片机以及指示执行模块均与所述电源模块电连接;
所述三轴加速度模块与所述单片机电连接,以用于检测当前时刻下车辆的三个方向的瞬时加速度值并反馈给所述单片机;其中,车辆的行驶方向定义为Y轴方向、水平面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为X轴方向,竖直面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为Z轴方向;
所述指示执行模块与所述单片机电连接,以用于显示舒适度指数;
所述单片机用于完成三轴加速度的配置,数据的读取和分析,以及驱动所述指示执行模块显示所述舒适度指数。
根据本发明实施例的第二方面,提供一种乘坐舒适度的指示方法,包括以下步骤:
初始化传感器测量模块,并进行数据配置;
判断某一时段的数据是否更新,若数据更新,则读取数据后解算Z轴倾角并存入缓存区;若数据未更新,则持续数据更新判断,直至所述数据更新;其中,车辆的行驶方向定义为Y轴方向、水平面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为X轴方向,竖直面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为Z轴方向;
判断累计采样点数是否达到设定数量N,若累计采样点数达到N个,则分析Z轴倾角分布,计算出舒适度指数;若累计采样点数未达到N个,则持续累计采样,直至累计采样点数达到N个;
通过传感器测量模块显示舒适度指数,并清空缓存;
返回数据更新判断步骤,判断下一时段的数据是否更新。
其中较优地,若数据更新,则读取数据后解算Z轴倾角并存入缓存区,具体包括如下子步骤:
通过传感器测量模块读取X、Y、Z三个方向更新后的瞬时加速度值,分别为A x(n)、A y(n)、A z(n)
按照公式解算出Z轴倾角γ(n)并存入缓存区;
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000001
其中较优地,若累计采样点数达到N个,则分析Z轴倾角分布,计算出舒适度指数,具体包括如下子步骤:
对Z轴倾角进行分布估计;
筛选出有效的数据集供后续模型参数训练;
通过模型参数训练给出最优的参数估计值;
根据所述参数估计值判决输出舒适度指数。
其中较优地,所述对Z轴倾角进行分布估计,具体包括如下子步骤:
令数据集的更新频率为f u,则N=1/(f u*T s);
对Z轴倾角γ(n),n=0,...,N-1做M等级的直方图统计,得到分布序列D(i),i=0,...,M-1;其中,M为直方图统计的区间的个数,i为统计区间的索引。
其中较优地,所述筛选出有效的数据集供后续模型参数训练,具体包括如下子步骤:
令数据筛选后的有效数据集为S,所述有效数据集S中的元素由序列D(i)的非零元素组成,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000002
其中较优地,所述通过模型参数训练给出最优的参数估计值,具体包括如下子步骤:
假设所述有效数据集S中总共有K个元素,定义其中元素为(k,s k),k=0,...,K-1;
按照代价函数,训练得到参数估计值
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000003
c o
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000004
其中,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000005
c为模型参数,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000006
代表了分布曲线的凹凸性,c代表了倾角的稳态期望。
其中较优地,所述根据所述参数估计值判决输出舒适度指数,具体包括如下子步骤:
所述舒适度指数
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000007
按照如下公式计算:
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000008
其中,ε为系统可调参数,ε的值越大,则舒适度指数计算对所述分布估计值越不敏感,反之,则对所述分布估计值越敏感。
其中较优地,所述初始化传感器测量模块,并进行数据配置具体包括如下子步骤:
初始化缓冲区数据,并复位传感器测量模块中的三轴加速度模块;
配置定时器、看门狗及定时中断响应程序;
其中,所述定时中断响应程序包括读取三轴加速度瞬时数据,并更新三轴加速度瞬时数据和标记。
本发明所提供的乘坐舒适度的指示装置,可安装在车辆上,当车辆加速或者急刹的时候,因为惯性的作用,传感器测量模块会模拟出与乘客相同的前倾和后仰的趋势,通过弹性支撑件的作用,会将这种前倾和后仰的趋势转化为传感器测量模块在预设方向上的倾角的变化,从而可以有效的指示目前运行车辆的乘坐舒适度。最后,通过传感器测量模块对舒适度指数进行显示。舒适度指数显示后,可以给驾驶员提醒目前乘客的感受,进而促使驾驶员产生调整驾驶操作的意愿,以提高对车辆的操控性,从而使得车辆行驶更加平稳,由此,形成一个乘坐舒适度的闭环反馈调节,一方面可以给驾驶员警示,另一方面也可以作为驾驶技术及安全服务意识的评估参考指标之一。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例,传感器测量模块的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例,三轴加速度模块的三轴加速方向的示意图;
图4为本发明实施例,乘坐舒适度的闭环反馈调节的原理图;
图5为本发明实施例,乘坐舒适度指示的方法的流程图;
图6为本发明实施例,定时中断响应程序的流程图;
图7为本发明实施例,三轴加速度模块位置变化后三轴加速方向的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术内容进行详细具体的说明。
图1所示为本发明实施例提供的一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置。该指示装置至少包括:底座1、弹性支撑件2、支撑部3和传感器测量模块4。
其中,底座1作为其他部件的安装基础,用于放置在车辆水平面上,例如:通过粘胶的方式将底座1固定在车辆的水平面内。本发明实施例中,底座1呈圆盘状,在其他实施例中也可以是其他形状,例如:三角形、矩形、多边形、椭圆形、菱形等,在此不做限定。同时,底座1的材料可根据需要进行适应性选择,优选为金属,当然也可以是塑料。
弹性支撑件2的第一端固定在底座1的顶面,弹性支撑件2的第二端能够相对弹性支撑件2的第一端弹性摆动。在本发明实施例中,弹性支撑件2优选为支撑弹簧,但不限定于该弹性支撑件2的具体类型,该支撑弹簧的第一端通过固定螺钉11固定在底座1的顶面(也可以通过焊接的方式将支撑弹簧的第一端固定在底座1的顶面),该支撑弹簧的第二端为自由端,从而使得支撑弹簧的第二端能够相对支撑弹簧的第一端弹性摆动。
支撑部3安装在弹性支撑件2的第二端,以作为传感器测量模块4的安装基础。在本发明实施例中,支撑部3呈圆盘状,容易理解的是,在其他实施例中,支撑部3还可以是其他形状,例如:三角形、矩形、多边形、椭圆形、菱形等各种形状,在此不做限定。
传感器测量模块4安装于支撑部3上远离底座1的一侧,以用于计算并显示舒适度指数。具体的,参照图2所示,传感器测量模块4包括电源模块41、三轴加速度模块42、单片机43以及指示执行模块44;三轴加速度模块42、单片机43以及指示执行模块44均与电源模块41电连接,从而通过电源模块41为其他部件供电。
同时,三轴加速度模块42与单片机43电连接,以用于检测当前时 刻下车辆的三个方向的瞬时加速度值并反馈给单片机43,本发明实施例中,三轴加速度模块42主要包含适配电路和三轴加速度计,其中,参照图3所示,车辆的行驶方向定义为Y轴方向、水平面内与Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为X轴方向,竖直面内与Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为Z轴方向。单片机43包含晶振以及常规适配接口电路,以用于完成三轴加速度的配置,数据的读取和分析,以及驱动指示执行模块44显示舒适度指数。指示执行模块44与单片机43电连接,该指示执行模块44包含声光报警装置以及显示模块,以用于通过警示声或指示画面的方式显示舒适度指数。
由此,通过在车辆上安装该指示装置,当车辆加速或者急刹的时候,因为惯性的作用,传感器测量模块4会模拟出与乘客相同的前倾和后仰的趋势,通过支撑弹簧的作用,会将这种前倾和后仰的趋势转化为传感器测量模块4在预设方向上的倾角的变化,从而可以有效的指示目前运行车辆的乘坐舒适度,通过传感器测量模块4中的指示执行模块44能够对舒适度指数进行显示。
参照图4所示,当舒适度指数显示后,可以给驾驶员提醒目前乘客的感受,进而促使驾驶员产生调整驾驶操作的意愿,以提高对车辆的操控性,从而使得车辆行驶更加平稳,由此,形成一个乘坐舒适度的闭环反馈调节,一方面可以给驾驶员警示,另一方面也可以作为驾驶技术及安全服务意识的评估参考指标之一。在上述乘坐舒适度的指示装置的基础上,本发明实施例进一步提供一种乘坐舒适度的指示方法。如图5所示,该指示方法至少包括以下步骤:
S1:初始化传感器测量模块,并进行数据配置。
具体的,包括步骤S11~S12:
S11:初始化缓冲区数据,并复位传感器测量模块中的三轴加速度模块42;
S12:配置定时器、看门狗及定时中断响应程序;
其中,参照图6所示,定时中断响应程序包括两步,第一步为读取三轴加速度瞬时数据,第二步为更新三轴加速度瞬时数据和标记。该中断响应程序为定时中断触发,其定时间隔为Ts,主要负责驱动特定总线接口去读取三轴加速度计当前三个方向的加速度值,存入缓冲区中,并 更新数据更新的标志位,以帮助后续判断数据是否更新。
S2:判断某一时段的数据是否更新,若数据更新,则读取数据后解算Z轴倾角并存入缓存区;若数据未更新,则持续数据更新判断,直至数据更新。
具体的,当完成初始化、看门狗配置、定时器配置和定时中断配置后,需要判断中断响应程序是否将三轴加速度更新,如果数据更新,则可利用更新后的数据进行Z轴倾角的解算(具体解算过程在下文后详述);如果数据没有更新,则持续对数据进行监控,直至数据更新。
在该步骤中,由于中断响应程序的定时间隔为Ts,则正常情况下,每隔Ts后即可进行一次Z轴倾角的解算,每解算一次Z轴倾角即为一次采样,当累计采样点数达到N后,可进行舒适度指数的计算,其中,数量N可根据实际需要而定,本发明实施例中,N优选为1000。
下面,详细说明Z轴倾角γ(n)的解算过程:
参照图7所示,设当前三轴加速度模块42的位置如图7中虚框立方体所示位置,则通过三轴加速度模块42中的三轴加速度计分别读取X、Y、Z三个方向更新后的瞬时加速度值,分别为Ax(n)、Ay(n)、Az(n),此时,X、Y、Z三轴分别相对于参考位置(即图3所示的位置)产生了α(n)、β(n)以及γ(n)的夹角。
然后,按照公式解算出Z轴倾角γ(n)并存入缓存区即可,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000009
S3:判断累计采样点数是否达到设定数量N,若累计采样点数达到N个,则分析Z轴倾角分布,计算出舒适度指数;若累计采样点数未达到N个,则持续累计采样,直至累计采样点数达到N个。
具体的,包括步骤S31~S34:
S31:对Z轴倾角进行分布估计。
具体包括步骤S311~S312:
S311:令数据集的更新频率为f u,则N=1/(f u*T s)。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中,f u为0.2Hz,N=1000,则Ts=1/200。当然,在其它实施例中,f u也可以为其他值,例如0.3Hz或者0.15Hz等, N也可以为其它值,例如800或1200等。
S312:对Z轴倾角γ(n),n=0,...,N-1做M等级的直方图统计,得到分布序列D(i),i=0,...,M-1;其中,M为直方图统计的区间的个数,i为统计区间的索引。
S32:筛选出有效的数据集供后续模型参数训练。
具体的,令数据筛选后的有效数据集为S,该有效数据集S中的元素由序列D(i)的非零元素组成,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000010
S33:通过模型参数训练给出最优的参数估计值。
具体包括步骤S331~S332:
S331:假设所述有效数据集S中总共有K个元素,定义其中元素为(k,s k),k=0,...,K-1;
S332:按照代价函数,训练得到参数估计值
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000011
c o
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000012
其中,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000013
c为模型参数,
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000014
代表了分布曲线的凹凸性,c代表了倾角的稳态期望。
S34:根据参数估计值判决输出舒适度指数。
具体的,舒适度指数
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000015
按照如下公式计算:
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000016
其中,ε为系统可调参数,ε的值越大,则舒适度指数计算对分布估计值越不敏感,反之,则对分布估计值越敏感。当倾角估计凹凸性不明显并且
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000017
很小的时候,主要考虑C的数值大小。
该舒适度指数
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000018
具有如下性质:
一、值域在[0,1]之间。
二、舒适度指数的值越小,行车越平稳;舒适度指数的值越大,行车越不平稳(即:推背感或者前倾明显)。
S4:通过传感器测量模块4显示舒适度指数,并清空缓存;
具体的,当舒适度指数
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000019
计算完毕后,通过单片机43控制指示执行模块44显示该舒适度指数
Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-000020
其中,指示执行模块44的显示可以包含灯光、声音在内的指示或者警示,在本发明实施例中,参照图5所示,指示执行模块44可以是不同的表情(例如:按照笑脸,无表情,担心,痛苦表示舒适度逐渐降低),还可以是颜色的标识(例如:从绿色,黄色到红色表示舒适度逐渐降低)。容易理解的是,本发明实施例中通过表情和颜色进行舒适度指数的显示仅为较为简单的两种实现方式,在其他实施例中,可根据需要形成各种形式的显示。
S5:返回数据更新判断步骤,判断下一时段的数据是否更新。
具体的,当上一时段的舒适度指数显示完毕后,需要返回步骤S2,重复步骤S2~S5,以形成循环,从而在车辆行驶过程中,持续进行舒适度指数的显示,有利于提高用户乘车体验。
综上所述,本发明实施例提供的乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法,通过在支撑弹簧上固定三轴加速度传感器,以此来模拟非驾驶员的惯性响应。通过对三轴加速度计的Z轴倾角的分布进行拟合,反映出曲线的凹凸性,并对其凹凸性进行归一化的量化,最后给出舒适度的指数,从而反映当前行车的平稳程度。基于本发明所提供的技术方案,可以有效的指示目前运行车辆的乘坐舒适度,一方面可以给驾驶员警示,形成闭环的控制,提高驾驶员的安全驾驶意识;另一方面也可以作为驾驶技术及安全服务意识的评估参考指标之一,用于驾驶技术考评和出险风险评估。
上面对本发明所提供的乘坐舒适度的指示装置及指示方法进行了详细的说明。对本领域的一般技术人员而言,在不背离本发明实质内容的前提下对它所做的任何显而易见的改动,都将构成对本发明专利权的侵犯,将承担相应的法律责任。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种乘坐舒适度的指示装置,其特征在于包括:
    底座,用于放置在车辆水平面上;
    弹性支撑件,所述弹性支撑件的第一端固定在所述底座的顶面,所述弹性支撑件的第二端能够相对所述弹性支撑件的第一端弹性摆动;
    支撑部,所述支撑部安装在所述弹性支撑件的第二端;
    传感器测量模块,安装于所述支撑部上远离所述底座的一侧,用于计算并显示舒适度指数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的指示装置,其特征在于:
    所述传感器测量模块包括电源模块、三轴加速度模块、单片机以及指示执行模块,所述三轴加速度模块、单片机以及指示执行模块均与所述电源模块电连接;
    所述三轴加速度模块与所述单片机电连接,以用于检测当前时刻下车辆的三个方向的瞬时加速度值并反馈给所述单片机;
    其中,车辆的行驶方向定义为Y轴方向、水平面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为X轴方向,竖直面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为Z轴方向;
    所述指示执行模块与所述单片机电连接,以用于显示舒适度指数;
    所述单片机用于完成三轴加速度的配置,数据的读取和分析,以及驱动所述指示执行模块显示所述舒适度指数。
  3. 一种乘坐舒适度的指示方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
    初始化传感器测量模块,并进行数据配置;
    判断某一时段的数据是否更新,若数据更新,则读取数据后解算Z轴倾角并存入缓存区;若数据未更新,则持续数据更新判断,直至所述数据更新;其中,车辆的行驶方向定义为Y轴方向、水平面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为X轴方向,竖直面内与所述Y轴方向垂直的方向定义为Z轴方向;
    判断累计采样点数是否达到设定数量N,若累计采样点数达到N个,则分析Z轴倾角分布,计算出舒适度指数;若累计采样点数未达到N个,则持续累计采样,直至累计采样点数达到N个;
    通过传感器测量模块显示舒适度指数,并清空缓存;
    返回数据更新判断步骤,判断下一时段的数据是否更新。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的指示方法,其特征在于:若数据更新,则读取数据后解算Z轴倾角并存入缓存区,具体包括如下子步骤:
    通过传感器测量模块读取X、Y、Z三个方向更新后的瞬时加速度值,分别为A x(n)、A y(n)、A z(n)
    按照公式解算出Z轴倾角γ(n)并存入缓存区;
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100001
  5. 如权利要求3所述的指示方法,其特征在于:若累计采样点数达到N个,则分析Z轴倾角分布,计算出舒适度指数,具体包括如下子步骤:
    对Z轴倾角进行分布估计;
    筛选出有效的数据集供后续模型参数训练;
    通过模型参数训练给出最优的参数估计值;
    根据所述参数估计值判决输出舒适度指数。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的指示方法,其特征在于所述对Z轴倾角进行分布估计,具体包括如下子步骤:
    令数据集的更新频率为f u,则N=1/(f u*T s);
    对Z轴倾角γ(n),n=0,...,N-1做M等级的直方图统计,得到分布序列D(i),i=0,...,M-1;其中,M为直方图统计的区间的个数,i为统计区间的索引。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的指示方法,其特征在于所述筛选出有效的数据集供后续模型参数训练,具体包括如下子步骤:
    令数据筛选后的有效数据集为S,所述有效数据集S中的元素由序列D(i)的非零元素组成,其中
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100002
  8. 如权利要求7所述的指示方法,其特征在于所述通过模型参数训练给出最优的参数估计值,具体包括如下子步骤:
    假设所述有效数据集S中总共有K个元素,定义其中元素为(k,s k), k=0,...,K-1;
    按照代价函数,训练得到参数估计值
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100004
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100005
    c为模型参数,
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100006
    代表了分布曲线的凹凸性,c代表了倾角的稳态期望。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的指示方法,其特征在于所述根据所述参数估计值判决输出舒适度指数,具体包括如下子步骤:
    所述舒适度指数
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100007
    按照如下公式计算:
    Figure PCTCN2022123510-appb-100008
    其中,ε为系统可调参数,ε的值越大,则舒适度指数计算对所述分布估计值越不敏感,反之,则对所述分布估计值越敏感。
  10. 如权利要求3~9中任意一项所述的指示方法,其特征在于:所述初始化传感器测量模块,并进行数据配置,具体包括如下子步骤:
    初始化缓冲区数据,并复位传感器测量模块中的三轴加速度模块;
    配置定时器、看门狗及定时中断响应程序;
    其中,所述定时中断响应程序包括读取三轴加速度瞬时数据,并更新三轴加速度瞬时数据和标记。
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