WO2023045309A1 - 鱼鳍式应急防洪屏 - Google Patents

鱼鳍式应急防洪屏 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045309A1
WO2023045309A1 PCT/CN2022/086845 CN2022086845W WO2023045309A1 WO 2023045309 A1 WO2023045309 A1 WO 2023045309A1 CN 2022086845 W CN2022086845 W CN 2022086845W WO 2023045309 A1 WO2023045309 A1 WO 2023045309A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fin
water
seepage
type anti
type
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PCT/CN2022/086845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王小东
顾芳芳
胡继洲
徐进超
董家
孟伟
娄奇
杨倩倩
苏南
Original Assignee
水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院
德尼尔科环境技术(苏州)有限公司
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Application filed by 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院, 德尼尔科环境技术(苏州)有限公司 filed Critical 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院
Publication of WO2023045309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045309A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of urban flood control, and relates to professional equipment suitable for urban waterlogging rescue.
  • An emergency flood screen is provided to solve one of the above problems.
  • a fin-type emergency flood protection screen comprising a water-receiving part, a water-receiving part connected to the water-receiving part and extending a predetermined distance along one side thereof, and at least in close contact with the extending end of the water-receiving part and extending toward the A fin-type anti-seepage member extending outside for a predetermined distance; said fin-type anti-seepage member has flexibility required in engineering.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage component is buckled, bonded, socketed, or integrally formed with the water-bearing part.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage component is detachably connected to the water receiving part.
  • the free end of the fin type anti-seepage member is provided with a counterweight.
  • the side parts of the fin-type anti-seepage parts are fan-shaped, and when the adjacent emergency flood protection screens are combined, the adjacent fin-type anti-seepage parts form a overlapping part.
  • the lateral extension distance of the fin-type anti-seepage member is not less than the grounding width of the water-receiving part; the fin-type anti-seepage member is made of polymer materials.
  • the water-receiving portion is bent at a predetermined angle from both sides to the middle, forming an arched body that is substantially cylindrical.
  • arc corner weakening parts are provided on both sides of the arched body.
  • one side of the water-receiving part is provided with a first locking part that can be installed with a spring lock, and the other side is provided with a first locking part that cooperates with the first locking part to lock adjacent flood screens.
  • the second locking part is provided.
  • a fin-type anti-seepage member comprising:
  • the main body is rectangular, trapezoidal, fan-shaped, or ring-shaped, and is made of flexible materials required by engineering.
  • connection part is formed on one side of the main body and connected with the water receiving part of the flood control system.
  • At least one set of counterweights is formed on the other side of the main body at least during operation, and the extending direction thereof is substantially parallel to the connecting portion.
  • the main body When working, the main body is in close contact with the extension end of the water receiving part and extends outward for a predetermined distance.
  • the body is made of polymer materials.
  • the weight portion is detachably connected to the body.
  • This embodiment can increase the sealing and anti-seepage effect of the flood screen, especially the anti-seepage effect under the condition of uneven ground, and is convenient to use.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is another perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the buckle of the present invention.
  • relatively flexible fin-type anti-seepage parts are added along the direction of flood screen extension to form a larger contact area with the ground and at the same time extend the anti-seepage distance (seepage diameter ) to improve the anti-seepage effect.
  • the flood screen consists of two main parts integrally formed, namely, the water-receiving part and the water-receiving part, and the water-receiving part extends a predetermined length along one side of the water-receiving part, with To support the overall stability of the flood screen.
  • the water-receiving part and the water-receiving part can adopt other shapes, such as non-concave-convex ribs (or ribs), and the non-working surfaces of the water-receiving part and the water-receiving part, that is, the bottom and the rear facade adopt graphic design.
  • the stress is concentrated, such as the connection between the water-bearing part and the water-facing part, it is reinforced by thickening or similar methods. Several reinforcement strips are set up on the surface of the water bearing part and the water facing part.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage component is connected to the water receiving part through a detachable connection.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage member extends along the direction in which the flood screen extends, that is, the direction W in the figure, and has a predetermined length in the direction facing the water, that is, the direction L.
  • the contact surface between the fin-type anti-seepage parts and the water-bearing part shall at least have an engineering-acceptable sealing strength to form a sealed connection.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage part and the flood screen can be designed separately, and the two can be connected and fixed together during work. It can also be a fixed design, that is, when leaving the factory, the two are sealed and fixed, and can be used directly when needed.
  • the detachable connection manner may adopt one of the following manners, or a combination of several manners.
  • continuous or discontinuous grooves or protrusions are provided on the edge of the water-bearing part, and corresponding protrusions or grooves are provided on the connecting edge of the fin-type anti-seepage member, so that the two can be buckled together.
  • other types of fastening methods may also be used.
  • Velcro or double-sided tape can be used to connect and fix the water bearing part.
  • ⁇ or C-shaped grooves can also be formed on the edge of the water-bearing part, and the fin-type anti-seepage parts can be sleeved in it, or the fin-type anti-seepage parts can be fixed in the grooves by pressing strips.
  • it can also be fixed by means such as heat welding, ultrasonic welding or riveting, or integrally formed or 3D printed during production.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage element can be laid on the upper surface or the lower surface of the water receiving part, and can also be clamped on the side of the water receiving part.
  • the number of fin-type anti-seepage parts can be 2 or more, and they are arranged in a way of overlapping each other. That is to say, the fin type anti-seepage parts can be stacked up and down two or more layers. For the superimposed part, that is, the connection of adjacent fin-type anti-seepage parts, one or more layers of fin-type anti-seepage parts can be superimposed again.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage element can be connected with the anti-seepage strip arranged under the water-receiving part, and then integrally connected to the edge of the water-receiving part.
  • the anti-seepage strip and the fin-type anti-seepage piece can be made of the same material, or can be made of different materials.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage parts should generally be fully paved at least at the grounded part of the water-bearing part.
  • the part of the water-bearing part in contact with the ground should be connected with the fin-type anti-seepage parts, and the overlapping parts of the water-bearing parts may or may not be laid with fin-type anti-seepage parts.
  • the plug-in part of the flood screen is located at the edge of the water-bearing part.
  • the plug-in part can be set inward, and the outer part of the water-bearing part The edge forms a relatively flat surface, which facilitates the connection of the fin-type anti-seepage parts, or provides a design space for the connection of the fin-type anti-seepage parts.
  • the extension end of the water-bearing part the direction extending from the upstream part to one side can be called the extension end of the water-bearing part, and the connection between the fin-type anti-seepage part and the water-bearing part can be located near One side of the water-receiving part or the middle part of the water-receiving part is not limited to the outermost part of the water-receiving part.
  • the connection of the fin type anti-seepage parts can be formed by design. Space, the above connections all belong to the connection with the extension end of the water bearing part.
  • the detachable method is only an example, and engineers can choose other forms of detachable structures according to actual conditions. Therefore, the fin type anti-seepage element can be easily installed on the water receiving part.
  • the density of the fin-type anti-seepage member is relatively low, it is generally less dense than water.
  • several continuous or discontinuous counterweights are arranged on the fin-type anti-seepage parts, preferably laid along the W direction, so as to press the fish on the outer edge. Fin-type impermeable parts.
  • the side edge of the fin-type anti-seepage member extends outward, for example, extends outward along the dotted line portion shown in FIG. 1 , to form a fan-shaped block.
  • the same fin-type anti-seepage member is in close contact with multiple flood screens.
  • This method also belongs to the protection scope of claim 1. That is to say, one fin anti-seepage element can be closely connected with multiple flood screens to form an integral anti-seepage structure.
  • the fan-shaped block is only used as an example, and the fan-shape is broadly defined, and any manner or shape similar to a fan-shape may be used.
  • the fan shape means that from the direction close to the edge of the water bearing part to the direction away from it, the area extending outward becomes larger and larger, that is to say, the fan shape represents the overall shape, and there is no limit to the shape of the edge.
  • the fan-shaped edges can be straight lines, arcs, curves, lace, or even irregular shapes, and can extend a predetermined distance so as to overlap with adjacent fin-type anti-seepage parts.
  • the inner edge of the fin-type anti-seepage part is adapted to the edge shape of the water receiving part, which can be arc or straight, and the outer edge can be arc, straight or irregular.
  • the structure of the fin anti-seepage mainly includes a main body and connecting parts and counterweight parts arranged on both sides of the main body.
  • the main body it can be rectangular, trapezoidal, fan-shaped, or ring-shaped, or Other polygons may be shaped like a rectangle, trapezoid, sector, or ring as a whole, and the edges may be in various regular or irregular shapes.
  • flexible materials required by engineering can be used, and the relevant physical parameters of the materials can meet the requirements of engineering conditions.
  • an adhesive part, a fastening part or a connecting part may be provided on one side of the main body, and a complete flood screen system may be formed by sealingly connecting with the flood screen.
  • a complete flood screen system may be formed by sealingly connecting with the flood screen.
  • it can be installed in the factory, folded above or below the water-bearing part, and unfolded during use. It can also be mounted while in use. For example, it can be placed on the back side of the flood screen first, or it can be placed separately and combined when in use.
  • the density of most polymer materials is less than that of water.
  • the direction of the edge of the water-bearing part is arranged at intervals or continuously, and it can also be arranged along the direction L in which the fin-type anti-seepage member extends, and then several counterweights are arranged at predetermined distances. That is to say, no matter how the individual counterweights are distributed, there must be a certain extension distance in the lateral direction of the flood screen, that is, in the direction of W.
  • one or more groups of counterweights arranged in parallel can be used, extending roughly in the direction parallel to W, or a plurality of counterweights parallel to L, and then spaced apart in the direction of W, Horizontal extension. Or extend it in combination.
  • the overall extending direction is substantially parallel to the connection direction, that is, the W direction. Its basic purpose is to add weight to the free end of the fin-type anti-seepage member to reduce the probability of it being washed up.
  • the counterweight part and the fin-type anti-seepage part can be connected in a fixed or detachable manner. stand up. It is also possible to directly install the fin-type anti-seepage parts in it when making the fin-type anti-seepage parts. For example, when the fin type anti-seepage part is connected with the bottom seal, the counterweight part is also installed together at the same time to form a complete anti-seepage part system.
  • the free end of the water-receiving part forms a flat connection space for connecting with the fin-type anti-seepage parts.
  • the fin-type anti-seepage parts are not shown Structure.
  • the water-receiving portion forms a bend at a predetermined angle from both sides to the middle, forming an arched body that is roughly cylindrical.
  • the body is arched/curved towards the side facing the water, forming a curved or arched surface.
  • the arc angle ⁇ refers to the angle between the reference plane of the upstream surface and the tangent line of the edge of the upstream surface.
  • the applicant has carried out secondary optimization, that is, setting arc angle weakening parts on both sides of the arched body. Reduce the angle to below 45°, preferably to 15-30°.
  • the arc angle weakening part 3b can adopt a reinforced part with a Z-shaped cross section, that is, the water-receiving part extends a predetermined length in the opposite direction to the back side of the water surface to form a force-bearing part.
  • the two sides of the water-facing surface are set as reinforced columns or ribs to disperse the force on the water-facing surface.
  • a plurality of reinforcing parts are arranged at intervals or continuously on both sides of the water-facing surface, and these reinforcing parts can be flexibly connected with external force-bearing devices. That is, by distributing the force on the arched surface to the two sides or the bottom, the arching angle of the facing surface is reduced. Make it possible to obtain greater water-retaining force through a smaller arch.
  • the columnar arched surface or curved surface is collectively referred to as the curved surface facing water part 3a in this embodiment.
  • one side of the water-receiving part is provided with a first lock part 303 which can be installed with a spring lock; Two locking parts 304 .
  • the two sides of the flood screen are respectively provided with C-shaped or C-shaped protrusions that can be matched and extend along the edge of the water-facing surface and the edge of the water-bearing part.
  • the protrusions on both sides can be clamped together, so when relatively When the adjacent flood screens are installed together, a C-shaped or ⁇ -shaped sealing channel is formed on the connecting surface, and the sealing and anti-seepage effect is better.
  • external support is used to improve the water-retaining performance of the system, and grooves or protrusions can be set on the back of the flood screen to cooperate with similar support devices such as support rods, thereby improving the system. water-repellent performance.
  • a structure of the locking part is described with reference to FIG. 6 .
  • it mainly includes a receiving slot 501 , a spring 502 , a fastening cover 503 and a cover plate 504 .
  • a storage tank is formed on the flood screen, the bottom of the storage tank can be provided with a spring guide or a spring holder, one end of the spring is in contact with the bottom of the storage tank, the spring guide or the spring holder, and the other end is in contact with the inner wall of the fastening cover Abutting, the cover plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fastening cover and fixed with the flood screen, thereby forming a locking assembly.
  • the other side of the flood screen can be provided with fastening holes and other structures. When the adjacent flood screens are assembled, the fastening cover is pressed down first, and then resets and bounces up, so as to be locked in the fastening hole, thereby forming a locking structure.
  • the outer end of the water-receiving part and the pressure plate have fastening holes, and the fin-type seepage-proof part is locked between the pressure plate and the water-receiving part through buckles, so as to improve the sealing effect of the fin-type seepage-proof part. At the same time, it is convenient for production, installation, transportation and use.
  • the technical equipment in this application has significant advantages such as lightness and convenience, flexible assembly, strong adaptability, good durability, and reusability, and can be better applied to urban waterlogging and water retention scenarios under various terrains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其中鱼鳍式应急防洪屏包括迎水部，与所述迎水部连接并沿其一侧延伸预定距离的承水部，以及至少在工作时与所述承水部的延伸端密接并向外侧延伸预定距离的鱼鳍式防渗件；所述鱼鳍式防渗件具有工程上所需的柔性。本实施例能够增加防洪屏的密封防渗效果，尤其是在非平整地面工况下的防渗效果，而且使用方便。

Description

鱼鳍式应急防洪屏 技术领域
本发明属于城市防洪领域，涉及一种适用于城市内涝抢险的专业装备。
 背景技术
近年来，我国气候年景总体偏差，极端气候频发，短历时强降雨等导致的城市内涝时有发生，目前我国600多座城市中有一半以上都存在着严重的城市洪涝问题，城市防洪形势非常严峻，越是大型城市，暴雨引起的内涝问题越突出，造成的损失越严重。
目前，国内大部分城市的防洪防涝能力还偏低，难以满足经济社会发展的需要。随着经济水平的快速发展，城市防洪领域对于防洪抢险新技术、新设备应用需求也日益增长。
为了解决上述问题，工程师提出了多种设计方案，有的方案采用不锈钢折叠屏，需要在地面安装支撑组件，施工复杂，周期长。近年来，包括申请人在内，也提出了采用一体成型的高分子防洪板，这种方案相对轻便，便于快速搬运和布设，但是由于其工艺和材质所限，防渗效果相对较差，尤其是在非平整地面上防渗效果更不理想。
 技术问题
提供一种应急防洪屏，以解决上述问题之一。
 技术解决方案
一种鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，包括迎水部，与所述迎水部连接并沿其一侧延伸预定距离的承水部，以及至少在工作时与所述承水部的延伸端密接并向外侧延伸预定距离的鱼鳍式防渗件；所述鱼鳍式防渗件具有工程上所需的柔性。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述鱼鳍式防渗组件与承水部扣合、粘接、套接、或一体成型。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述鱼鳍式防渗组件与承水部可拆卸连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的自由端设置有配重部。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述配重部至少为一组且沿鱼鳍式防渗件的横向分布。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的侧部成扇形，当相邻的应急防洪屏组合时，相邻的鱼鳍式防渗件形成叠合部。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的横向延伸距离不小于承水部的接地宽度；所述鱼鳍式防渗件采用高分子材料制作。
根据本申请的一个方面，所述迎水部从两侧向中间的方向，形成预定角度的弯曲，形成大致成圆柱弧面的拱形本体。
根据本申请的一个方面，所述拱形本体的两侧设置有弧角削弱部。
根据本申请的一个方面，所述迎水部的一侧设置有可安装弹簧锁扣的第一锁扣部、另一侧设置有与第一锁扣部配合，以将相邻防洪屏锁紧的第二锁扣部。
在进一步的实施例中，提供一种鱼鳍式防渗件，包括。
本体，成矩形、梯形、扇形、或环形，采用工程上所需的柔性材料制成。
连接部，形成于本体的一侧，与防洪系统的承水部连接。
配重部，至少一组，至少在工作时形成于本体的另一侧，其延伸方向基本与连接部平行。
在工作时，本体与所述承水部的延伸端密接并向外侧延伸预定距离。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述本体采用高分子材料制作。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，所述配重部与本体可拆卸连接。
 有益效果
本实施例能够增加防洪屏的密封防渗效果，尤其是在非平整地面工况下的防渗效果，而且使用方便。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例的另一角度视图。
图3是本发明另一实施例的结构示意图。
图4是本发明另一实施例的组合结构示意图。
图5是本发明另一实施例的立体图。
图6是本发明锁扣的剖面图。
图中，鱼鳍式防渗件1、扇形块101、承水部2、迎水部3、弧面迎水部3a、弧角削弱部3b、纵向主肋条201、纵向副肋条202、竖向主肋条301、竖向副肋条302、第一锁扣部303、第二锁扣部304，收容槽501、弹簧502、扣合盖503、盖板504。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
申请人在实际工程中发现，现有防洪屏虽然解决了铝合金或钢制防洪围栏不易运输和安装的问题，提高了运输和安装效率，降低了成本，但是在实际使用的过程中，由于防洪屏是直接放置在地面上的，没有像防洪围栏那样在地面进行密封加固等施工作业。因此，防洪屏的防渗效果实际上与所处的环境密切相关，在部分较为平整的地面，防渗效果非常好，但是在相对不平整的地面，则存在渗水的情况。为此，申请人进行了深入地研究，提出了如下的技术方案。
如图1所示，在相对刚性的本体上，沿着防洪屏延伸的方向增设相对柔性的鱼鳍式防渗件，用于跟地面形成更大接触面积，同时延长防渗的距离（渗径），提高防渗效果。
具体而言，在图1所示的案例中，防洪屏包括一体成型的两个主要部分，即迎水部和承水部，承水部沿着迎水部的一侧延伸预定的长度，用于支撑防洪屏整体稳定。在其他实施例中，迎水部和承水部可以采用其他形状，例如采用非凹凸型加强筋（或称肋条），承水部和迎水部的非工作面，即底部和后立面采用平面设计。在应力集中的地方，例如承水部和迎水部的连接处，采用增厚或类似的方式进行加强处理。在承水部和迎水部的表面设立若干加筋条。
在本实施例中，鱼鳍式防渗件通过可拆卸连接的方式与承水部连接。具体而言，鱼鳍式防渗件沿着防洪屏延伸的方向，即图中W方向延伸，同时在迎水方向，即L方向上具有预定的长度。鱼鳍式防渗件与承水部的接触面至少应具有工程上可以接受的密封强度，形成密封连接。
换句话说，鱼鳍式防渗件与防洪屏可以是分离式的设计，在工作时，将两者连接固定在一起即可。也可以是固定式的设计，即在出厂的时候，就将两者密封连接固定，在需要的时候直接使用即可。
在本实施例中，可拆卸的连接方式可以采用如下方式中的一种，或者采用几种方式的组合。例如采用扣合，在承水部的边缘开设连续或间断的凹槽或凸起，对应在鱼鳍式防渗件的连接边设置凸起或凹槽，从而能够将两者扣合起来。或者在承水部的边缘开设朝向来水方向的U形槽，形成上下的夹紧部，将鱼鳍式防渗件的边缘放置于U形槽中，然后夹紧。或者也可以采用其他形式的扣合方式。在其他的方式中，可以采用魔术贴或双面胶的方式，与承水部连接固定。在工程上，还可以在承水部的边缘形成Ω或C形槽，将鱼鳍式防渗件套接在其中，或者采用压条将鱼鳍式防渗件固定在槽中。当然，除了上述可拆卸方式外，还可以采用诸如热焊接、超声波焊接或铆接等方式固定，或者在生产时一体成型或者3D打印成型。
在进一步的实施例中，鱼鳍式防渗件可以铺设在承水部的上表面或下表面，也可以夹持在承水部的侧面。鱼鳍式防渗件的数量可以为2个或以上，采用相互叠合的方式布设。也就是说，鱼鳍式防渗件可以上下叠合两层或多层。对于相互叠合的部分，就是相邻鱼鳍式防渗件连接处，可以再次叠加一层或以上的鱼鳍式防渗件。
在某个实施例中，鱼鳍式防渗件可以与设置在承水部下方的防渗条带连接，然后整体连接在承水部边缘。防渗条带与鱼鳍式防渗件可以采用相同的材料制作，也可以采用不同的材料制作。
在上述各个实施例中，沿防洪屏延伸的方向，即W方向，鱼鳍式防渗件一般应至少在承水部接地的部分满铺。换句话说，在各个防洪屏单元中，承水部与地面接触的部分应与鱼鳍式防渗件连接，承水部相互搭接的部分，可以铺设或不铺设鱼鳍式防渗件。
在图1所示的实施例中，防洪屏的插接部位于承水部的边缘，为了给鱼鳍式防渗件提供铺设空间，可以将插接部向内设置，在承水部的外边缘形成较为平整的表面，便于将鱼鳍式防渗件的连接，或者说为鱼鳍式防渗件的连接提供设计空间。需要说明的是，对于承水部的延伸端，从迎水部向一侧延伸的方向均可以称为承水部的延伸端，鱼鳍式防渗件与承水部的连接处可以位于靠近迎水部的一侧或者位于承水部的中部，不局限于承水部最外侧。或者说，在上述实施例中，从承水部与迎水部的连接处到承水部的自由端（与连接端相对的一端），均可以通过设计，形成鱼鳍式防渗件的连接空间，上述连接均属于与承水部的延伸端连接。
对于承水部外边缘与内边缘长度不相等的防洪屏，例如内扇形或者外扇形的防洪屏，可以采用类似的方式进行铺设。
需要说明的是，可拆卸方式仅为举例，工程师可以根据实际情况选择其他形式的可拆卸结构。从而使得鱼鳍式防渗件能够便于安装在承水部。
在进一步的实施例中，由于鱼鳍式防渗件的密度相对较小，一般而言比水密度小。为了防止鱼鳍式防渗件飘起、浮起或者被水冲起，在鱼鳍式防渗件上设置若干连续或者间断的配重部，优选沿着W方向铺设，从而在外边缘压住鱼鳍式防渗件。
在进一步的实施例中，鱼鳍式防渗件的侧边缘向外延伸，例如沿着如图1所示的虚线部分向外部延伸，形成扇形块。当相邻的防洪屏拼接在一起时，通过扇形块叠合的方式，形成更大的搭接区域，从而提高防渗效果。
在其他实施例中，通过同一块鱼鳍式防渗件与多个防洪屏密接。这种方式也属于权利要求1的保护范围。也就说，一个鱼鳍式防渗件可以于多个防洪屏密接，从而形成整体式的防渗结构。
需要说明的是，扇形块仅作为案例，扇形是广义的，类似扇形的方式或形状均可。扇形的含义为从靠近到远离承水部边缘的方向，向外侧延伸的面积越来越大，也就说扇形表示的是整体的形态，对于边缘形状并无限定。扇形的边缘可以为直线、弧线、曲线、花边、甚至不规则的形状，能够延伸预定距离，从而与相邻的鱼鳍式防渗件叠合即可。
鱼鳍式防渗件的内边与承水部的边缘形状适配，可以为弧形或直线形，外边可以为弧形、直线或不规则形状。
在进一步的实施例中，鱼鳍式防渗件的结构主要包括本体和设置在本体两侧的连接部和配重部，对于主体而言，可以为矩形、梯形、扇形、或环形，或者是其他多边形，或者整体成类似矩形、梯形、扇形、或环形等形状，边缘可以成各种规则或不规则的形状。在材料上，可以采用工程上所需的柔性材料，材料的相关物理参数符合工程条件所需即可。
在一个实施例中，可以采用在主体的一侧设置粘接部、扣合部或连接部，通过与防洪屏密封连接，形成完整的防洪屏系统。在实际生产使用中，可以在工厂安装好，折叠在承水部上方或下方，在使用时展开即可。也可以在使用时安装。例如可以先安放在防洪屏后侧，或者分开盛放，在使用时安装组合。
一般而言，大部分的高分子材料密度小于水的密度。在使用过程中，容易发生与地面贴合不严密的情况，例如被水冲起，所以需要在鱼鳍式防渗件的横向延伸方向上间隔或连续设置若干配重部，可以沿着平行于承水部边缘的方向间隔或连续设置，也可以沿着鱼鳍式防渗件延伸的方向L设置，然后每隔预定的距离设置若干配重件。也就是说，无论配重件个体如何分布，在防洪屏的横向上，即W的方向上，要有一定的延伸距离。
换句话说，在工程中，可以采用平行设置的一组或多组配重件，大致沿平行于W的方向延伸，或者多个平行于L的配重件，然后在W方向上间隔部分，横向延伸。或者采用组合的方式进行延伸。总之，整体的延伸方向基本与连接方向，即W方向平行即可。其基本目的是在鱼鳍式防渗件的自由端增加重量，减少其被冲起的几率。
需要说明的是，配重部与鱼鳍式防渗件可以采用固定式或可拆卸的方式进行连接，例如在鱼鳍式防渗件上设置若干扣合部，在使用时将配重件组合起来。也可以在制作鱼鳍式防渗件的时候，直接将鱼鳍式防渗件安装在其中。例如在将鱼鳍式防渗件与底部密封件连接时，将配重件也同时安装在一起，形成完整的防渗件系统。
在图2所示的实施例中，承水部的自由端形成了一段平整的连接空间，用于和鱼鳍式防渗件连接，在本实施例中，没有展示出鱼鳍式防渗件的结构。
如图3所示，从图可知，在该实施例中，迎水部从两侧向中间的方向，形成预定角度的弯曲，形成大致成圆柱弧面的拱形本体。换句话说，本体朝着迎水面的一侧拱起/弯曲，形成弧形面或者拱形面。通过弧形面或拱形面提高挡水能力。从图中可知，弧角θ是指迎水面的基准面与迎水面边缘的切线之间的角度。
从理论计算可知，这一角度在60-80°，拱起的幅度比较大，影响制造、运输和使用，同时也增加了防洪屏的体积和重量。因此，申请人进行了二次优化，即在拱形本体的两侧设置有弧角削弱部。将角度降低至45°以下，优选降低至15~30°。在具体工程中，弧角削弱部3b可以采用截面为Z形的加强部，即承水部反向向背水面一侧延伸预定长度，形成受力部。或者将迎水面的两侧设置为加强柱或加强筋结构，用以分散迎水面上的作用力。或者在迎水面的两侧间隔或连续设置若干加强部，这些加强部可与外部受力装置活动连接。即通过将拱形面上的作用力分散到两侧或底部的方式，降低迎水面的拱起角度。使之能够通过较小的拱起，获得更大的挡水作用力。柱状拱形面或弧形面在本实施例中统称为弧面迎水部3a。
在本实施例中，迎水部的一侧设置有可安装弹簧锁扣的第一锁扣部303、另一侧设置有与第一锁扣部配合，以将相邻防洪屏锁紧的第二锁扣部304。
在图4中即可看出，当两个防洪屏按照顺序组装在一起时，第一锁扣部和第二锁扣部配合，从而锁紧，提高系统整体的密封性和防洪作用力。在本实施例中，防洪屏的两侧分别设置有可配合的、沿迎水面边缘和承水部边缘延伸的C形或凵形凸起，两侧的凸起可以卡在一起，因此当相邻的防洪屏安装在一起时，连接面上形成C形或凵形的密封通道，密封防渗效果更好。
如图5所示，在该实施例中，采用外部支撑的方式，提高系统的挡水性能，可以在防洪屏的背面设置凹槽或凸起，与支撑杆等类似支撑装置配合，从而提高系统的挡水性能。
结合图6描述一种锁扣部的结构。具体而言，主要包括收容槽501、弹簧502、扣合盖503和盖板504。在防洪屏上形成一个收容槽，收容槽的底部可以设置弹簧导向件或弹簧固定件，弹簧的一端与收容槽的底部、弹簧导向件或弹簧固定件抵接，另一端与扣合盖的内壁抵接，盖板套接在扣合盖的外周并与防洪屏固定，从而形成锁扣组件。防洪屏的另一侧可以设置扣合孔等结构。当相邻的防洪屏组装时，扣合盖先被按压下去，然后复位弹起，从而锁定在扣合孔中，进而形成锁紧结构。
在本实施例中，承水部的外端和压板具有扣合孔，通过卡扣将鱼鳍式防渗件锁紧在压板与承水部之间，提高鱼鳍防渗件的密封效果。同时便于生产、安装、运输和使用。
总之，本申请中的该技术装备具有轻巧便捷、组装灵活、适应性强、耐久性好、可重复使用等显著优点，能较好的适用于各种地形下的城市内涝挡水场景。
需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，包括迎水部，与所述迎水部连接并沿其一侧延伸预定距离的承水部，以及至少在工作时与所述承水部的延伸端密接并向外侧延伸预定距离的鱼鳍式防渗件；所述鱼鳍式防渗件具有工程上所需的柔性。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述鱼鳍式防渗组件与承水部扣合、粘接、套接、或一体成型。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述鱼鳍式防渗组件与承水部可拆卸连接。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的自由端设置有配重部。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述配重部至少为一组且沿鱼鳍式防渗件的横向分布。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的侧部成扇形，当相邻的应急防洪屏组合时，相邻的鱼鳍式防渗件形成叠合部。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述鱼鳍式防渗件的横向延伸距离不小于承水部的接地宽度；所述鱼鳍式防渗件采用高分子材料制作。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述迎水部从两侧向中间的方向，形成预定角度的弯曲，形成大致成圆柱弧面的拱形本体。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述拱形本体的两侧设置有弧角削弱部。
  10. 如权利要求1、8或9所述的鱼鳍式应急防洪屏，其特征在于，所述迎水部的一侧设置有可安装弹簧锁扣的第一锁扣部、另一侧设置有与第一锁扣部配合，以将相邻防洪屏锁紧的第二锁扣部。
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