WO2023041664A1

WO2023041664A1 - Hollow body as a constituent of structural parts made of mesograde concrete

Info

Publication number: WO2023041664A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/075678
Authority: WO
Inventors: Maren SOSTMANN
Original assignee: Studio Werner Sobek Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-09-16
Filing date: 2022-09-15
Publication date: 2023-03-23
Also published as: DE102021123993A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction kit (1) for producing a hollow body (10) for integration in a structural part, preferably a concrete structural part, with a bottom element (110), side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and a cover element (310), wherein the bottom element (110), the side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and the cover element (310) are designed as individual parts and/or are configured to be plugged together in order to produce the hollow body (10). The present invention further relates to a hollow body (10) preferably produced with the construction kit, and to a structural part having a multiplicity of hollow bodies (10) integrated in the structural part.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Hollow bodies as part of components made of mesograded concrete

The present invention is in the field of construction and relates to a kit for producing a hollow body for integration into a component, preferably a concrete component, with a base element, side elements and a cover element. The invention also relates to a hollow body, which is produced by such a kit, and a component with a large number of such hollow bodies, which are integrated into the component.

In construction, one of the main tasks is the optimization of building materials and corresponding construction methods. With, for example, the same stability, material and thus weight savings should be achieved in particular. Related to this is, among other things, the release of emissions (e.g. carbon dioxide) when using concrete components.

In order to meet such requirements, components made of so-called gradient concrete are used, for example. Mesograded concrete components have hollow bodies which are inserted into a corresponding formwork before the reinforcement is laid and before the concrete is introduced or poured in to produce such a component.

For the production of hollow bodies made of mineral material with corresponding cavities, special hollow spheres or generally two-part (semi) shell-like bodies are used, for example, which are connected to one another in such a way that a hollow body is formed. In addition, two-part bodies are known, of which one part is curved in the shape of a shell and one part is plate-shaped, which serves as a base or a cover. However, hollow spheres and two-part bodies have the property that their inner surfaces and their outer surfaces do not lie in one plane, for example. Thus, for example, undercuts, grooves on the inside, grooves on the outside, profiling or sections protruding from the hollow body are not readily possible, especially if non-destructive stripping is required. In other words, blockages occur when the above-mentioned known hollow bodies are used due to their construction. This is accompanied by a significant limitation of geometric design possibilities of such hollow bodies and further the components based on them with correspondingly integrated hollow bodies.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a kit for producing a hollow body for integration into a component, which is primarily characterized by cost-effective production, simple assembly and optimized structural, preferably geometric, flexibility. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hollow body which is produced by such a kit, and to provide a component in which a multiplicity of such hollow bodies are integrated.

The object is solved by the features of claims 1, 24 and 25. Further exemplary embodiments and applications of the present invention result from the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in the following description with partial reference to the figures.

According to a first general aspect, the present invention relates to a kit for producing or forming a hollow body, preferably a dimensionally stable and/or a load-bearing hollow body with a cavity, for integration into a component, preferably a concrete component, with a base element, side elements and a Cover element, wherein the base element, the side elements and the cover element are designed as individual parts and/or are configured to be plugged together to produce the hollow body.

With the present invention, for example, a kit can be provided which, due to elements that are easy to produce (bottom element, side elements, cover element) in the form of separate parts and are easy to handle, i.e. above all due to simple assembly and simple integration into a component, which is to be designed as a concrete component.

The base element, the side elements and the cover element are configured and/or designed to produce the hollow body by plugging them together and also allow, for example, the formation of grooves, openings, profiles, elevations and/or holding devices in a simple manner. The page elements can be at least three page elements. The kit can preferably comprise exactly four side elements or alternatively at least four side elements.

The elements of the kit (bottom element, side elements, cover element) are designed as individual parts, preferably separately or separately from one another. The base element, the side elements and/or the cover element are individual parts that can preferably not be further dismantled. Each of the elements is thus characterized by the fact that it can be manufactured separately.

The component can preferably be a gradient component made of mineral material, for example concrete or clay. As a separate individual part, the floor element can preferably be the base element or the basic element and contribute significantly to the rigidity, stability and/or load-bearing capacity of the hollow body, in that it preferably has larger geometric dimensions, such as thickness, length and width, than the side elements and/or or the cover element. The floor element can preferably be used to set up the hollow body.

Furthermore, the side surfaces of the base element and/or the side elements and/or the cover element which face and/or form the cavity of the hollow body in the assembled state can have a profile at least in sections. A profiling can include at least one rib, at least one bead or at least one groove, for example.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the base element has at least one receiving section and at least one side element, preferably each side element, has at least one first connection section, preferably in each case on an end face of the side element, with the at least one receiving section and the respective at least one first connection section are configured, preferably in the assembled state of the kit, to form at least one essentially form-fitting connection, preferably a detachable essentially form-fitting connection.

In other words, the at least one receiving section and the respective at least one first connection section can be configured to form a substantially form-fitting connection. In other words, the at least one side element, preferably each side element, can be pushed onto the base element with a correspondingly designed free end or inserted into the base element, for example essentially perpendicular to the base element, and/or by a pivoting movement.

It is possible that with the configuration disclosed herein of the base element and the at least one side element, preferably each side element, an essentially non-positive connection can additionally be formed or is formed in the plugged-in state.

The essentially form-fitting connection can at least partially also be a snap-in connection or include a snap-in connection.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the at least one receiving section for the essentially positive connection with the respective at least one first connection section is designed as a groove or comprises a groove.

The groove can have, for example, a substantially U-shaped, V-shaped, triangular or a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. It is possible for the at least one receiving section or the groove to additionally have an undercut, at least in part. Alternatively, the groove can also have other cross-sectional shapes, which are preferably suitable for forming an essentially form-fitting connection.

By providing or forming a groove, it can be ensured, for example, that the at least one side element, preferably each side element, is sufficiently fastened in the floor element, for example while the hollow body is being placed in a formwork and/or during the subsequent filling of the formwork with concrete and thus during the pouring or spraying of the hollow body with concrete. Furthermore, manufacturing tolerances in the respective element can also be compensated for, for example.

By means of an undercut of a corresponding design, it is also possible, for example, to anchor the at least one side element, preferably each side element, on the base element. According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the at least one receiving section, preferably at a distance from the respective end faces or end faces of the floor element, extends at least in sections in one direction, preferably parallel to the end faces or end faces, or is designed to be closed all the way around.

Thus, the side elements can be inserted into the floor element or pushed onto the floor element within the floor element and thus at a distance from the outer edges of the floor element.

Additionally or alternatively, it is possible that the respective at least one first connection section at least partially has a substantially triangular cross section or a substantially trapezoidal cross section. In other words, the respective at least one first connection section can be essentially wedge-shaped or have a chamfer. The respective at least one first connection section can alternatively also have other cross-sectional shapes, which are preferably suitable for forming a substantially form-fitting connection.

It is possible for the cover element to have at least one closure section and at least one side element, preferably each side element, to have at least one second connection section in each case, with the at least one closure section and the respective at least one second connection section being configured to have at least one essentially form-fitting connection, preferably a detachable substantially form-fitting connection.

The respective at least one second connection section is preferably arranged opposite the respective at least one first connection section.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the at least one closure section for the essentially positive connection with the respective at least one second connection section is designed as a groove or comprises a groove.

The groove can have, for example, a substantially U-shaped, V-shaped, triangular or a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. It's possible that at least a closure section or the groove additionally at least partially has an undercut.

It is possible for the at least one closure section, preferably adjacent to respective end faces or end faces of the cover element, to extend at least in sections in one direction, preferably parallel to the end faces or end faces, or to be closed all the way around

Additionally or alternatively, it is possible that the respective at least one second connection section at least partially has a substantially triangular cross section or a substantially trapezoidal cross section. In other words, the respective at least one second connection section can be essentially wedge-shaped or have a chamfer. The respective at least one second connection section can alternatively also have other cross-sectional shapes, which are preferably suitable for forming a substantially form-fitting connection.

It is possible for the base element and/or the side elements and/or the cover element to be designed essentially flat and/or as a plate.

The base element is thus preferably in the form of a base plate, the cover element is therefore preferably in the form of a cover plate and the side elements are preferably in the form of side plates.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that at least one side element, preferably each side element, and/or the cover element each comprises at least one coupling section for receiving reinforcement and/or for increasing the stability of the hollow body.

It is possible for the respective at least one coupling section to extend from a respective end face or end face to a respective opposite end face or end face of the at least one side element, preferably each side element, and/or the cover element.

The respective at least one coupling section is preferably designed as a groove or as a groove, or comprises a groove or a groove. It is possible that the respective at least one coupling section is designed as a bead or comprises a bead, the bead preferably being at least partially concave on one side and at least partially convex on an opposite side.

In other words, a bead preferably has a recessed side, which can also be referred to as a groove, and a raised side (bulge), which can also be referred to as a rib. The bead can have a substantially U-shaped or a substantially V-shaped contour in a view, preferably in a sectional view.

The respective at least one coupling section can preferably be formed integrally in one piece with the respective side element and/or the cover element.

It is possible for the floor element to have at least one fastening device for the detachable fastening of a reinforcement, with the at least one fastening device being designed as a projection and/or being essentially cuboid and/or extending from an end face or end face of the floor element to at least one receiving section of the floor element extends.

The at least one fastening device can preferably be formed integrally in one piece with the floor element.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the base element and/or at least one side element and/or the cover element each comprise at least one reinforcement section, with the respective at least one reinforcement section being configured to increase the stability and/or load-bearing capacity of the hollow body.

The at least one reinforcement section can also be provided to reinforce the respective element.

It is possible that the respective at least one reinforcement section is designed as a rib or comprises a rib, with the respective at least one reinforcement section preferably being designed integrally in one piece with the base element and/or the at least one side element and/or the cover element. The at least one reinforcement section can also be essentially plate-shaped.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the bottom element and/or at least one side element and/or the cover element each has at least one opening, the respective at least one opening being suitable at least for flow through the hollow body, i.e. the cavity of the hollow body. is configured, preferably in an assembled state and/or in a state integrated into a component.

The respective at least one opening can, for example, be arranged essentially centrally or centrally in the respective element. The respective at least one opening can have, for example, a substantially circular cross section or a substantially square or a substantially rectangular cross section. Other cross-sectional shapes are also possible.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that at least one side element and at least one further side element each have a first end contact area and a second end contact area each, with the respective first end contact area of the at least one side element and the respective second end contact area of the at least one additional side element are configured for contacting in the assembled state of the hollow body and/or for forming a sufficient tightness of the hollow body.

An adhesive material and/or sealing material can be located between the respective first end contact surface and the respective second end contact surface. The adhesive material can be configured for the materially bonded connection of the respective side elements to one another via the respective end contact surfaces and/or can be a mineral adhesive material.

It is also possible for the base element, the side elements and the cover element to be glued together in the assembled state, i.e. when the hollow body is produced, at the respective connection sections (receiving section, first connection section, second connection section, closure section), preferably using a mineral adhesive material . As a result, a hollow body can be provided, for example, which is characterized by improved tightness. It is possible that the base element or the cover element has a traction means, and - depending on whether the base element has the traction means or the cover element has the traction means - the cover element or the base element is configured for fastening the traction means around the base element and the cover element to brace against each other in the assembled state of the hollow body.

The base element or the cover element can have an opening for the passage of the traction means in order to attach the traction means to the base element or to the cover element, preferably by knotting or by gluing the traction means.

The traction means can extend within the cavity of the hollow body in the assembled state.

It is possible that in a view, preferably in a side view, the bottom element and/or at least one side element and/or the cover element has/have an essentially square contour or an essentially rectangular contour.

Preferably, the kit according to the present invention comprises four side members. As already described above, the kit can alternatively also comprise more than four side elements. With the four side elements and the base element and the cover element, the kit therefore comprises six elements designed as individual parts.

It is possible that the base element is configured to form a spacer in the assembled state, preferably opposite a base element of a further adjacent hollow body, and in a view, preferably in a projection view, protrudes beyond the side parts and/or the cover element. For this purpose, the base element can preferably have a greater length and width than the cover element. The side elements can be plugged onto the floor element or inserted into the floor element within the floor element (and thus at a distance from the end faces or end faces of the floor element) and preferably arranged in a substantially perpendicular direction to the floor element. In other words, respective floor elements of several hollow bodies, which are inserted in a formwork, can contact each other and thus maintain a defined distance from one another. According to a further aspect of the present invention, it can be provided that the base element and/or the side elements and/or the cover element is/are formed essentially from a mineral material, preferably essentially from a cement-bound mineral material.

According to a second general aspect, the present invention relates to a hollow body, preferably produced by a kit as disclosed herein, for integration into a component, preferably a concrete component, with a base element, side elements and a cover element, the base element, the side elements and the cover element being individual parts are formed and / or are plugged together.

According to a third general aspect, the present invention relates to a component with a multiplicity of hollow bodies integrated into the component, preferably hollow bodies as disclosed herein, the component preferably having between 20 and 900 hollow bodies. The component can thus be designed or used, for example, as a supporting beam or as a ceiling of a building. Alternatively, it is also possible for the component to have fewer than 20 or more than 900 hollow bodies.

The component can be a gradient concrete component or a mesogradient concrete component and the gradation can be formed by the large number of hollow bodies integrated in the component.

The exemplary embodiments and features of the present invention described above can be combined with one another as desired. Further or other details and advantageous effects of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the attached figures.

Show it:

1 shows an embodiment of the kit according to the present invention in an exploded view;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hollow body according to the present invention formed with the embodiment of the assembly shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3A is a side view (outside with respect to the hollow body) of a side member of the embodiment of the kit shown in Fig. 1; Figure 3B is a sectional view (section AA) of the side panel shown in Figure 3A;

FIG. 4A shows a top view (outside in relation to the hollow body) of the cover element of the exemplary embodiment of the kit illustrated in FIG. 1;

Fig. 4B is a sectional view (section B-B) of the lid member shown in Fig. 4A;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the lid member taken from the sectional view (section B-B) shown in Fig. 4B;

FIG. 6 shows a section of the base element and a side element of the exemplary embodiment of the kit shown in FIG.

Identical or functionally equivalent components are identified in the figures with the same reference symbols. For their explanation, reference is also made in part to the description of other exemplary embodiments and/or figures in order to avoid repetition.

The following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures serves for the purpose of further illustration or clarification and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the kit 1 according to the present invention in an exploded view. The kit 1 serves to form or to produce a hollow body 10, ie a body with a cavity 11. The hollow body 10 with the cavity 11 is shown in FIG. 2 in a manufactured state, ie in an assembled state, for more detailed illustration.

The hollow body 10 is in turn provided for integration into a component, preferably into a concrete component. The component is not shown in the figures for reasons of clarity. A plurality of hollow bodies 10 is preferably placed in a formwork (casting mold) for such a component. Appropriate material, preferably concrete, is then filled into the formwork with the hollow bodies 10 inserted or arranged therein, ie cast or injected. A component can thus be produced which has cavities at defined points or positions. Such a component can, for example, a side wall or be a ceiling of a building. The cavities of the component are formed by the respective hollow bodies 10 with the cavities 11 . The hollow body 10 is preferably provided together with a large number of other hollow bodies 10 for integration into the component and thus enables, for example, sufficient stability with a reduced overall weight of the component.

The kit 1 preferably comprises six physical or structural elements for the production of the hollow body 10, which are described in more detail below. The kit 1 accordingly comprises a base element 110 and a cover element 310. The cover element 310 is in the assembled state of the kit 1 for forming or producing the hollow body 10, preferably in the assembled state of the kit 1, at a distance from the base element 110 and arranged opposite it. The kit 1 also preferably comprises a first side element 210, a second side element 220, a third side element 230 and a fourth side element 240 and thus a total of four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240. It is possible that another exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 according to of the present invention comprises, for example, more than four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240.

The base element 110, the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and the cover element 310 are each formed separately and/or as individual parts. In other words, the bottom member 110, the four side members 210, 220, 230, 240 and the lid member 310 are each parts that are manufactured separately or separately from each other. The base element 110 and/or the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and/or the cover element 310 can be produced, for example, by at least one injection molding process or by at least one casting process. The base element 110 and/or the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and/or the cover element 310 can essentially be formed from a mineral material, preferably from a cement-bound mineral material. Mineral material can be concrete, for example. This provides the possibility of recycling and/or utilizing the hollow body 10 after a component with the hollow body 10 or with a multiplicity of integrated hollow bodies 10 has reached the end of its useful life. The hollow body 10 is therefore preferably a mineral hollow body 10.

Furthermore, as already described above in relation to the base element 110 and the cover element 310, the base element 110, the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and the cover element 310 are designed and/or configured to be plugged together to produce the hollow body 10 become. The bottom element 110, the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and the cover element 310 of the kit 1 according to the present invention are thus for Formation of the hollow body 10 by assembly, preferably by mating or mating configured. The hollow body 10 is characterized by the cavity 11 (see Figure 2).

Both the bottom element 110 and the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and also the cover element 310 are preferably each essentially flat and/or designed as a plate. In other words, the base element 110 is designed as a base plate or base shell 110, the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 as side plates or side shells 210, 220, 230, 240 and the cover element 310 as a cover plate or cover shell 310. The base element 110, the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and the cover element 310 thus each extend essentially in a first direction and in a second direction. The second direction is or is arranged perpendicularly to the first direction.

The kit 1 according to the present invention is thus characterized by separate or individual elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 310 designed as a plate for forming the hollow body 10 with the cavity 11. The elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 310 are designed and/or configured in accordance with the invention in such a way that they can be plugged together in order to produce or form the hollow body 10, which will be described in more detail below.

The floor element 110 is characterized by four surrounding end faces 121, 122, 123 and 124, delimited by corresponding edges, abutting one another (see also Figure 2) and has a substantially square contour in a view, preferably in a plan view. The floor element 110 can, for example, be approximately 24 cm by 24 cm or approximately 30 cm by 30 cm in size in terms of its external dimensions. In other words, the floor element 110 can have a length L110 and a width B110 of approximately 24 cm or approximately 30 cm, which is shown in more detail in FIG.

The floor element 110 comprises a first receiving section 111, a second receiving section 112, a third receiving section 113 and a fourth receiving section 114. Each receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 of the floor element 110 is preferably designed as a groove or preferably comprises a groove. In the exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 shown in FIG. 1, the four receiving sections 111, 112, 113, 114 of the base element 110 together form a circumferential groove which extends circumferentially along and at a distance from the respective end faces 121, 122, 123, 124. Furthermore, the floor element 110 includes six fastening devices 402, one of which Fastening device 402 is marked in the floor element 110 in Figure 1 and which are described in more detail below.

The side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 each have a substantially square or at least a substantially rectangular contour in a view, preferably in a plan view. The first side element 210 includes a first connection section 211, the second side element 220 includes a first connection section 221, the third side element 230 includes a first connection section 231 and the fourth side element 240 includes a first connection section 241. The first connection section 211 is assigned to the receiving section 111, the first connecting section 221 is assigned to the receiving section 112 , the first connecting section 231 is assigned to the receiving section 113 and the first connecting section 241 is assigned to the receiving section 114 . In other words, each side element 210, 220, 230, 240 comprises at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241.

The respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 and the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 are designed and/or configured to form at least one essentially form-fitting connection, preferably at least one detachable essentially form-fitting connection. For this purpose, the respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 of the base element 110, as already described above, is designed as a groove or includes a groove. The groove of the respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 can preferably have a substantially triangular cross section. This also emerges, inter alia, from the illustration in FIG. 6, which is described in more detail below.

Alternatively, it is also possible, for example, for the groove of the respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 to have an essentially trapezoidal cross section, which extends from the inner surface and/or inner side of the floor element 110 (in relation to the hollow body 10) to the outer surface and/or the outside of the base element 110 (in relation to the hollow body 10) tapers.

Additionally or alternatively, the groove can at least partially have an undercut (not shown in the figures), which ensures, for example, a further improved anchoring of the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 in the base element 110. The respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 of the respective side element 210, 220, 230, 240 has - analogous to the respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 - at least partially a substantially triangular cross section (see also the representation in Figure 6). In other words, the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 can be at least partially essentially wedge-shaped or at least partially have a chamfer. Additionally or alternatively, the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 can at least partially have a projection for embracing an undercut of the groove of the respectively assigned receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114.

The cross section of the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 can preferably be essentially identical or at least similar to the cross section of the groove of the corresponding or the respectively assigned receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 in order to form the essentially positive connection . The essentially form-fitting connection is preferably a plug-in connection. Thus, the hollow body 10 can be connected to the hollow space 11 by comparatively simply plugging or plugging the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 onto the base element 110 via the respective at least one first connection sections 211, 221, 231, 241 and the respectively associated receiving sections 111, 112, 113, 114 are at least partially formed. By plugging or plugging together, the at least one essentially form-fitting connection is formed, which ensures a defined and/or constant position of the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 on and/or to the base element 110.

Furthermore, each side element 210, 220, 230, 240 of the kit 1 has at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242 in each case. The respective at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242 is arranged and/or formed opposite the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241. The respective at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242 can preferably be configured essentially identically or at least similarly to the respective at least one first connection section 211, 221, 231, 241 and preferably at least partially have an essentially triangular cross section. This can also be seen from the illustrations in FIGS. 5 and 6, among other things.

In a view, preferably in a plan view, the cover element 310 has an im

Substantially square contour K, which is formed by the four end faces 321, 322, 323, 324 is formed. The cover element 310 comprises a first closure section 311, a second closure section 312, a third closure section 313 and a fourth closure section 314. Each closure section 311, 312, 313, 314 of the cover element 310 is preferably designed as a groove or preferably comprises a groove. This also emerges from the illustration in FIG. 5, among other things. The four closure sections 311, 312, 313, 314 of the cover element 310 together preferably form a circumferential groove which is arranged and/or formed adjacent to the end faces 321, 322, 323, 324 of the cover element 310.

The respective closure section 311, 312, 313, 314 and the respective at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242 are also designed and/or configured to form at least one essentially form-fitting connection, preferably at least one detachable essentially form-fitting connection.

As already described, the hollow body 10 with the cavity 11 (see FIG. 2) is produced by plugging the respective elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 310 of the kit 1 together. After the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 with their respective at least one first connection sections 211, 221, 231, 241 have been plugged onto the base element 110, the cover element 310 is used by plugging it together or preferably by plugging it onto the respective at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242 to close the cavity 11 already formed by the bottom element 110 and the four side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and thus to form the hollow body 10.

Analogously to the base element 110, an essentially form-fitting connection can thus also be established between the cover element 310 and the respective side element 210, 220, 230, 240 via the respective at least one second connection sections 212, 222, 232, 242 and the respectively assigned closure sections 311, 312 , 313, 314 are formed. The essentially form-fitting connection is preferably a plug-in connection.

In other words, the hollow body 10 is configured and/or designed so that it can be plugged together by the corresponding elements 110 , 210 , 220 , 230 , 240 , 310 of the kit 1 . A possibility of plugging together the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 with the base element 110 and the cover element 310 to produce the hollow body 10 is shown in FIG. 1 with corresponding arrows which indicate directions of movement. In the assembled state of the kit 1, the respective end contact surfaces of the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 also make contact with one another. The first side member 210 has a first face contact surface 213 and a second face contact surface 214 . The second side member 220 has a first face contact surface 223 and a second face contact surface 224 . The third side member 230 has a first face contact surface 233 and a second face contact surface 234 and the fourth side member 240 has a first face contact surface 243 and a second face contact surface 244 . Between the respective or corresponding face contact surfaces 213, 224; 223, 234; 223, 234; 233, 244 and 243, 214, an adhesive material and/or a sealing material can preferably be arranged, which the respective side elements

210, 220, 230, 240 are at least partially bonded to one another and/or sufficiently sealed at this point. The adhesive material can be a mineral adhesive material, for example.

In order to improve mechanical and/or structural properties of the hollow body 10 (above all in the assembled state and/or in the state integrated into a component), such as stability and further rigidity and/or load-bearing capacity, the respective elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240, 310 corresponding further sections and devices of a structural nature, which are described in more detail below.

Each of the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 preferably has two coupling sections 401 for receiving a reinforcement 800 (see FIG. 5 in this regard). The coupling sections 401 are thus configured and/or designed to accommodate a reinforcement 800 . In FIG. 1, only one coupling section 401 is shown marked for each side element 210, 220, 230, 240.

The coupling sections 401 are preferably designed as beads running parallel to one another with--in a sectional view--a preferably essentially U-shaped contour or essentially V-shaped contour (see also FIG. 5). In the case of the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240, the coupling sections 401 extend from the respective at least one first connection section

211, 221, 231, 241 to the oppositely arranged, respective at least one second connection section 212, 222, 232, 242. Furthermore, the coupling sections 401 are arranged and/or formed as beads in such a way that, when the kit 1 is plugged together, they extend in the direction of the cavity 11 extend. In other words, the respective raised sides of the coupling sections 401, which have a rib-like shape, protrude in the direction of the cavity 11 of the hollow body 10. Furthermore, the cover element 310 also has a total of four coupling sections 401 in the form of beads for receiving reinforcement 800 and/or to increase the stability of the cover element 310, of which a coupling section 401 is shown marked in FIG. The four coupling sections 401 are arranged and/or formed so as to cross in the cover element 310, with two coupling sections 401 running parallel to one another crossing two further coupling sections 401 running parallel to one another essentially perpendicularly. This also emerges clearly from FIG. 4A. In the cover element 310, the coupling sections 401 each extend from one end face 311, 312 to the end face 313, 314 arranged opposite.

The reinforcement 800 can preferably be structural steel, which is inserted into the coupling sections 401 on the respective groove-shaped or trough-shaped sides of the coupling sections 401 designed as beads, preferably when the hollow body 10 or a large number of hollow bodies 10 is located in a formwork that is filled with concrete, for example is to be filled in order to integrate the hollow body 10 or the plurality of hollow bodies 10 into the concrete component.

It is additionally or alternatively possible for base element 110 and/or at least one side element 210, 220, 230, 240 and/or cover element 310 to each have at least one reinforcement section 500 to further increase the stability of the respective element 110, 210, 220, 230 , 240, 310 itself and also of the hollow body 10 has. The respective at least one reinforcement section 500 is preferably designed as a rib or comprises a rib. The respective at least one reinforcement section 500 can be arranged, for example, between two coupling sections 401 and can be arranged and/or configured as a rib essentially transversely to the two spaced-apart coupling section sections 401, preferably integrally in one piece with the respective side element 210, 220, 230, 240.

In order to be able to fasten the reinforcement 800, the floor element 110 also has fastening devices 402, preferably corresponding to the number of reinforcements 800 to be accommodated. The fastening devices 402 are used for the detachable fastening of the reinforcement 800 in at least one direction and are preferably designed as a projection and/or essentially formed cuboid. The fastening devices 402 extend from a respective end face 121, 122, 123, 124 of the floor element 110 to the respective receiving section 111, 112, 113, 114 of the floor element 110. In Figure 1, a fastening device 402 of a total of eight fastening devices 402 is shown marked. In other words, the fasteners 402 are outside and around the Receiving sections 111, 112, 113, 114 are arranged and/or formed around the base element 110, preferably formed integrally in one piece.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the bottom element 110 also has an opening 601, the cover element 310 has an opening 601 and the side element 240 has an opening 601. The respective opening 601 has an essentially circular cross-section and is preferably used, if necessary, for flow through the hollow body 10, i.e. the cavity 11 of the hollow body 10. The openings 601 each extend through the corresponding wall thicknesses or wall thicknesses of the respective elements 110, 240, 310 through into the interior, ie in the direction of the cavity 11 in the assembled state of the hollow body 10. In further exemplary embodiments, the openings 601 can also have other cross-sectional shapes than essentially circular cross-sections.

In order to further stiffen the hollow body 10 itself or to further increase its stability, the base plate 110 has a traction mechanism 700 . This can be necessary, for example, for transport and in particular for appropriate positioning in a formwork, for example with a vacuum lifter. The traction means 700 can be a wire or a band, for example, which is/are firmly anchored in the floor element 110 in the course of the production of the floor element 110, that is to say is fastened. The traction mechanism 700 can be passed through a further opening 602 in the cover element 310 or, when the hollow body 10 is in the assembled state, is passed through the further opening 602 and fastened to the cover element 310 in such a way that there is a pretension between the cover element 310 and the base element 110 via the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 is produced and/or formed, which preferably leads to a further increase in the overall rigidity and/or the load-bearing capacity of the hollow body 10. The traction means 700 can, for example, be correspondingly knotted on the outside of the cover element 310 or can be fastened to the cover element 310 with an adhesive material via a fastening device (not shown in the figures). As a result, above all, a hollow body 10 with increased dimensional stability can be provided. It is also possible in this connection to bond all elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240, 310 to one another by means of an adhesive material on corresponding sections and/or surfaces connected thereto, ie to form bonded connections. It can thus be ensured, for example, that the respective elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240, 310 cannot be displaced in relation to one another and/or that the tightness of the hollow body 10 is improved. The kit 1 according to the present invention is thus characterized by separate parts, i.e. elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240, 310 designed as individual parts, which, due to their configuration and/or formation, can be plugged together to produce a hollow body 10.

As already described above by corresponding references, FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the hollow body 10 according to the present invention, which is formed or produced by the exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 illustrated in FIG. The hollow body 10 is shown in an assembled, ie plugged together state.

The coupling sections 401, designed as beads, are clearly visible on the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 and on the cover element 310 for receiving a reinforcement 800 (see Figure 5) and for increasing the stability of the hollow body 10. On the identification of the respective receiving sections 111 , 112, 113, 114 of the base element 110, the connection sections 211, 212; 221, 222; 231, 232; 241, 242 of the respective side element 210, 220, 230, 240 and the closure sections 311, 312, 313, 314 of the cover element 310 have been dispensed with.

The hollow body 10 with the cavity 11 is essentially cube-shaped due to the assembled elements 110, 210, 220, 230, 240, 310, which are essentially flat and/or each designed as a plate, which, for example, allows a certain flexibility in production of a component with a large number of such hollow bodies 10 is guaranteed.

It is also clear from FIG. 2 that the floor element 110 is dimensioned in such a way that it forms a spacer, preferably with respect to at least one further such hollow body 10 which is placed adjacent in a formwork. Furthermore, the bottom element 110 protruding or protruding from the side elements 210, 220, 230, 240 prevents the hollow body 10 from “floating” while the formwork is being filled with concrete, for example by pouring or spraying.

Figure 3A shows a side view (outside in relation to the hollow body 10) of the second side element 220 of the exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 shown in Figure 1.

As can be seen from the view in FIG. 3A, the second side element 220 has an essentially square or at least essentially rectangular contour K. A chamfer of the at least one second connection section 222 for forming a can also be seen essentially form-fitting connection, preferably a plug-in connection, with the cover element 310.

Figure 3B shows a sectional view (section A-A) of the second side member 220 shown in Figure 3A.

The first end contact surface 223 and the second end contact surface 224 of the second side element 220 for corresponding contacting with the respective first and second end contact surfaces 234, 213 of the adjacent first and third side element 210, 230 are clearly visible.

The sectional view in Figure 3B shows that the coupling sections 401 as beads at least partially have an essentially trapezoidal cross-section and that the second side element 220 - analogously to the other elements 110, 210, 230, 240, 310 - is integral in one piece and essentially is flat and / or formed as a plate.

Figure 4A shows a top view (outside in relation to the hollow body 10) of the cover element 310 of the exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 shown in Figure 1 with the crossing coupling sections 401 of bead-shaped design for receiving a reinforcement 800 (see Figure 5) and also for further increase the stability of the cover element 310.

Figure 4B shows a sectional view (section B-B) of the cover element 310 shown in Figure 4A. The second closure section 312 and fourth closure section 314 visible in Figure 4B are each formed on the end face 322, 324 or are adjacent thereto and extend into the interior of the cover element 310 For a more detailed clarification of the formation of a closure section using the example of the closure section 312, the area marked with Z in the sectional view in FIG.

Furthermore, the respective at least one second connection section 222 of the second side element 220 is shown in broken lines in FIG.

Likewise, the reinforcement 800 is shown in FIG. 5 in a cross section. The reinforcement 800 is accommodated in the coupling section 401 designed as a bead on the recessed side (groove-shaped side of the bead), which to form a component with the then integrated Hollow body 10 is preferably filled with concrete. The coupling section 401 has an essentially V-shaped contour K in this sectional view.

Figure 6 shows a detail of the base element 110 and the first side element 210 of the exemplary embodiment of the kit 1 shown in Figure 1.

The essentially triangular cross section of the receiving section 111 of the base element 110 designed as a groove is clearly visible. The receiving section 111 extends at a distance from the end face 121 and along the end face 121 (see also FIG. 1). The at least one first connection section 211 of the first side element 210 is of essentially identical design to the receiving section 111 of the base element 110 and at least partially also has an essentially triangular cross section. In other words, the illustration in FIG. 6 shows that the at least one first connection section 211 is wedge-shaped. Thus, the first side element 210 can be at least partially inserted into the base element 110 in order to essentially form a form-fitting connection.

The hollow body 10 as disclosed herein is preferably provided for integration into a component. A large number of hollow bodies 10, for example between 20 and 900 hollow bodies 10, can preferably be provided for integration into a component. The component can preferably be a gradient concrete component or a mesogradient component, as a result of which the grading is designed to suit the load due to the respective arrangement of hollow bodies 10 as disclosed herein.

Thus, for example, a component can be provided which is characterized by a significantly reduced weight with sufficient stability. The component can be, for example, a supporting beam or a ceiling of a building or can be used in each case.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which also make use of the idea of the invention and therefore fall within the scope of protection. Preferably, the present invention also claims protection for the subject-matter and features of the subclaims independently of the claims referred to. Reference List

I kit

10 hollow bodies

II cavity

110 floor element

III recording section

112 recording section

113 recording section

114 recording section

121 face

122 face

123 face

124 face

210 page element

211 terminal section

212 terminal section

213 forehead contact surface

214 forehead contact surface

220 page element

221 terminal section

222 terminal section

223 forehead contact surface

224 forehead contact area

230 page element

231 terminal section

232 connection section

233 forehead contact surface

234 forehead contact surface

240 page element

241 connection section

242 connection section

243 forehead contact surface

244 forehead contact area

310 lid member 311 closure section

312 closure section

313 closure section

314 closure section

321 face

322 face

323 face

324 face

401 coupling section

402 fastener

500 reinforcement section

601 opening

602 opening

700 traction means

800 reinforcement

B110 width of floor element

K contour

L110 Length of floor element

* * * *

Claims

CLAIMS Kit (1) for producing a hollow body (10) for integration into a component, preferably a concrete component, with a base element (110), side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and a cover element (310), wherein the base element (110 ), the side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and the cover element (310) are designed as individual parts, and/or are configured to be plugged together to produce the hollow body (10). Kit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the base element (110) has at least one receiving section (111, 112, 113, 114) and at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240), preferably each side element (210, 220, 230 , 240), each having at least one first connection section (211, 221, 231, 241), wherein the at least one receiving section (111, 112, 113, 114) and the respective at least one first connection section (211, 221, 231, 241) are configured to form at least one positive connection, preferably a releasable positive connection. Kit (1) according to claim 2, wherein the at least one receiving section (111, 112, 113, 114) for positive connection with the respective at least one first connection section (211, 221, 231, 241) is designed as a groove or comprises a groove. Kit (1) according to Claim 2 or 3, the at least one receiving section (111, 112, 113, 114), preferably at a distance from the respective end faces (121, 122, 123, 124) of the base element (110), at least in sections in one direction is formed extending or closed circumferentially. Kit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover element (310) has at least one closure portion (311, 312, 313, 314) and at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240), preferably each

25 Each side element (210, 220, 230, 240) has at least one second connection section (212, 222, 232, 242), wherein the at least one closure section (311, 312, 313, 314) and the respective at least one second connection section (212 , 222, 232, 242) are configured to form at least one positive connection, preferably a releasable positive connection.

6. Kit (1) according to claim 5, wherein the at least one closure section (311, 312, 313, 314) for positive connection with the respective at least one second connection section (212, 222, 232, 242) is designed as a groove or a groove includes.

7. Kit (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the at least one closure section (311, 312, 313, 314), preferably adjacent to respective end faces (321, 322, 323, 324) of the cover element (310), at least in sections is formed extending in one direction or closed all the way around.

8. Kit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom element (110) and / or the side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and / or the cover element (310) are flat and / or designed as a plate.

9. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240), preferably each side element (210, 220, 230, 240), and/or the cover element (310) each have at least one Coupling section (401) for receiving a reinforcement (800) and / or to increase the stability of the hollow body (10).

10. Kit (1) according to claim 9, wherein the respective at least one coupling section (401) extends from a respective end face (321, 322, 323, 324) to a respective opposite end face (321, 322, 323, 324) of the at least one Side element (210, 220, 230, 240), preferably each side element (210, 220, 230, 240), and/or the cover element (310).

11. kit (1) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the respective at least one coupling section (401) is designed as a groove or as a groove, or comprises a groove or a groove.

12. Kit (1) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the respective at least one coupling section (401) is designed as a bead or comprises a bead, the bead preferably being at least partially concave on one side and at least partially convex on an opposite side .

13. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the floor element (110) has at least one fastening device (402) for the detachable fastening of a reinforcement (800), the at least one fastening device (402) being designed as a projection and/or cuboid and/or extends from an end face (121, 122, 123, 124) of the floor element (110) to at least one receiving section (111, 112, 113, 114) of the floor element (110).

14. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base element (110) and/or at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and/or the cover element (310) each comprises at least one reinforcement section (500), wherein the respective at least one reinforcement section (500) is configured to increase the stability of the hollow body (10).

15. Kit (1) according to claim 14, wherein the respective at least one reinforcement section (500) is designed as a rib or comprises a rib, wherein preferably the respective at least one reinforcement section (500) is integral with the base element (110), and/or the at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and/or the cover element (310).

16. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base element (110) and/or at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and/or the cover element (310) each have at least one opening (601), whereby the respective at least one opening (601) is configured at least for flow through the hollow body (10).

17. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and at least one further side element (210, 220, 230, 240) each have a first end contact surface (213, 223, 233, 243) and each have a second end contact surface (214, 224, 234, 244), the respective first end contact surface (213, 223, 233, 243) of the at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and the respective second end contact surface (214, 224, 234, 244) of the at least one further side element (210, 220, 230, 240) are configured for contacting when the hollow body (10) is plugged together and/or for forming a sufficient seal of the hollow body (10).

18. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base element (110) or the cover element (310) has a traction means (700), and the cover element (310) or the base element (110) for fastening the traction means (700) is configured to brace the base element (110) and the cover element (310) against one another in the assembled state of the hollow body (10).

19. Kit (1) according to claim 18, wherein the base element (110) or the cover element (300) has an opening (602) for the passage of the traction means (700) to the traction means (700) on the base element (110) or on to be attached to the cover element (310), preferably by knotting or by gluing the traction means (700).

20. Kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in a view, preferably in a front view, the base element (110) and/or at least one side element (210, 220, 230, 240) and/or the cover element (310) has/have a square contour (K) or a rectangular contour (K).

21. Kit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the kit (1) comprises four side elements (210, 220, 230, 240).

22. Kit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,

28 wherein the base element (110) is configured to form a spacer when plugged together and in a view, preferably in a projection view, projects beyond the side parts (210, 220, 230, 240) and/or the cover element (310).

23. Kit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom element (110) and / or the side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and / or the cover element (310) made of a mineral material, preferably a cement-bound mineral Material is formed / are.

24. Hollow body (10), preferably produced by a kit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, for integration into a component, preferably a concrete component, with a base element (110), side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and a cover element (310), wherein the base element (110), the side elements (210, 220, 230, 240) and the cover element (310) are designed as individual parts and/or are plugged together.

25. Component with a multiplicity of hollow bodies (10) integrated into the component according to claim 24, wherein the component preferably has between 20 and 900 hollow bodies (10).

26. Component according to claim 25, wherein the component is a gradient concrete component or a mesogradient concrete component and the graduation is formed by the multiplicity of hollow bodies (10) integrated into the component.

* * * *

29