WO2023041048A1 - 自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法 - Google Patents

自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023041048A1
WO2023041048A1 PCT/CN2022/119365 CN2022119365W WO2023041048A1 WO 2023041048 A1 WO2023041048 A1 WO 2023041048A1 CN 2022119365 W CN2022119365 W CN 2022119365W WO 2023041048 A1 WO2023041048 A1 WO 2023041048A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nucleic acid
acid extraction
clamping
pipette
connection module
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/119365
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴立忠
解亚平
符诚
侯海文
龙泽宇
曾波
Original Assignee
圣湘生物科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202111091554.3A external-priority patent/CN113908899B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202122938517.3U external-priority patent/CN216584999U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111427942.4A external-priority patent/CN114214183A/zh
Application filed by 圣湘生物科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 圣湘生物科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023041048A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023041048A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/24—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology tube or bottle type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/36—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of biological detection, and more specifically, to an automatic nucleic acid extraction device and a nucleic acid extraction method thereof.
  • the substance of nucleic acid detection is the nucleic acid of the virus, to determine whether the patient is infected by the virus by looking for the nucleic acid of the foreign invading virus in the patient's respiratory specimens, blood or feces.
  • Nucleic acid extraction equipment is required for nucleic acid detection.
  • nucleic acid extraction equipment includes a plurality of relatively independent instruments, such as liquid separation equipment, nucleic acid extraction equipment, and the like.
  • the full-automatic nucleic acid extractor described in the patent document CN213266452U only has the function of nucleic acid extraction, but does not have the function of dividing cups. It needs to use manual dividing cups, which greatly increases the burden on personnel and labor intensity; for example, the patent No. CN113150959A describes a new coronavirus sample cup-dividing device, which only has the function of cup-dividing. The process of nucleic acid extraction and transfer after cup-dividing is cumbersome, and it is easy to cause contamination of the extract.
  • the automatic cup dispensing machine recorded in the patent document with the patent No. CN13244972A does not have the function of opening the cover, and can only be opened manually. On the one hand, it is easy to pollute the extraction liquid, and on the other hand, it increases the workload of the staff. Labor intensity, low degree of automation.
  • an automatic nucleic acid extraction device and a nucleic acid extraction method thereof are provided.
  • An automatic nucleic acid extraction device comprising:
  • a sample carrier installed in the installation frame, and used to store sampling tubes
  • the clamping mechanism is installed in the installation frame and has a clamping position for clamping or loosening the sampling tube;
  • nucleic acid extraction mechanism installed in the installation frame and used for nucleic acid extraction
  • an opening mechanism installed in the installation frame, and used to transfer the sampling tube between the sample carrier and the clamping position, and uncap the sampling tube clamped at the clamping position or cover;
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism is installed in the installation frame, and is used to suck the liquid in the sampling tube at the clamping position, and transfer it to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment further includes a tip carrier installed in the installation frame, and the tip carrier is used to store the tip;
  • the pipetting mechanism includes a first drive assembly, a transfer base that is drivingly connected to the first drive assembly, and a pipette installed on the transfer base, and the first drive assembly is used to drive the transfer base.
  • the carrier moves along a horizontal plane and passes through the tip carrier, the clamping position and the nucleic acid extraction mechanism;
  • the pipette includes a pipette body and a first connection module located at one end of the pipette body; the pipette mechanism also includes:
  • the lifting component is installed on the mounting bracket
  • the second connection module is connected to the installation bracket and connected to the lifting assembly by transmission;
  • the fixing component is used to fix the first connection module
  • connection module is driven by the lifting assembly to reciprocate and lift in a direction intersecting with the horizontal direction to mate with or separate from the first connection module.
  • the second connection module when the second connection module is mated with the first connection module, the second connection module is electrically connected to the first connection module.
  • the first connecting module includes a first connecting module main body and a first electrical connecting unit, one end of the first connecting module main body is fixedly connected to the pipette main body, and the first electrical connecting unit The connection unit is arranged at an end of the first connection module body away from the pipette body.
  • the second connection module includes a second connection module main body and a second electrical connection unit, the second connection module main body is provided with a limiting slot extending along its own lifting direction, and the second The electrical connection unit is installed in the limiting slot or located outside the limiting slot, and the first connection module can be selectively inserted in the limiting slot and electrically connected with the second electrical connecting unit.
  • the pipetting mechanism further includes a slide rail, the slide rail is installed on the mounting bracket and extends along the lifting direction of the second connection module, and the second connection module is matched with the the slide rail and can slide along the slide rail.
  • the fixing assembly includes a first clamping unit and a second clamping unit arranged at intervals; the first clamping unit includes a first clamping motor and a first clamping block, and the first clamping unit includes a first clamping motor and a first clamping block.
  • a clamping block is fitted to the output end of the first clamping motor;
  • the second clamping motor includes a second clamping motor and a second clamping block, and the second clamping block is coupled to the the output terminal of the second clamping motor;
  • the first clamping motor is used to drive the first clamping block to reciprocate in one direction
  • the second clamping motor is used to drive the second clamping block to reciprocate in one direction.
  • a clamping gap for clamping the first connection module is formed between the clamping block and the second clamping block, and the clamping gap is sized in a direction perpendicular to the lifting direction of the second connection module. adjustable.
  • the fixing assembly includes a rotating clamping part, the rotating clamping part is rotatably mounted on the second connecting module, and the rotating clamping part is jointly formed with the second connecting module
  • a clamping gap for clamping the first connection module, the size of the clamping gap is adjustable in a direction perpendicular to the lifting direction of the second connection module.
  • the pipette is single-channel, double-channel, triple-channel, four-channel, five-channel, six-channel, eight-channel or sixteen-channel.
  • the pipette includes a first pipette having a first mounting head for detachably mounting the gun head;
  • the first installation head can pick up the gun tip on the gun tip carrier; when the transfer seat moves to the clamping position, The first pipette draws the liquid in the sampling tube through the gun head; when the transfer seat moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism, the first pipette can spit out the liquid in the gun head to the nucleic acid Extraction body.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment further includes a reagent carrier installed in the installation frame, and the reagent carrier is used to store reagent tubes;
  • the pipette includes a second pipette having a plurality of second mounting heads for detachably mounting the gun tip;
  • the transfer seat also passes through the reagent carrier under the driving action of the first drive assembly; when the transfer seat moves to the gun tip carrier, a plurality of the second mounting heads can simultaneously Pick up the gun tips on the gun tip carrier; when the transfer base moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism, the second pipette can absorb the nucleic acid extraction of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism through multiple gun tips simultaneously. liquid; when the transfer base moves to the reagent carrier, the second pipette can respectively spit out the nucleic acid extraction liquid in the plurality of pipette tips to the plurality of reagent tubes on the reagent carrier.
  • the first driving assembly is used to drive the transfer base to move along a first horizontal direction and/or a second horizontal direction intersecting with the first horizontal direction.
  • the first driving assembly includes a first crossbeam, the first crossbeam is movably connected to the installation frame along the first horizontal direction, and the transfer seat is moved along the first horizontal direction. Two horizontal directions are movably connected to the first beam.
  • the first driving assembly further includes a first driving member, a first driving pulley, a first driven pulley, and a first transmission belt;
  • the first driving member is installed on the installation frame, the first driving pulley is connected to the output shaft of the first driving member, and the first driven pulley is rotatably connected to the on the installation frame, and the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction; the first transmission belt is sleeved on the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley Between one driven pulley and connected with the first beam.
  • the first driving assembly further includes a first screw rod, a second driving member and a first screw nut, and the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the first beam around its own axis , and the axis of the first screw rod is parallel to the second horizontal direction, the second driving member is installed on the first beam, and is drivingly connected with the first screw rod, and the first The screw nut is threadedly connected to the first screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the transfer base.
  • the pipetting mechanism further includes a first lift drive assembly and a second lift drive assembly
  • the first pipette is mounted on the transfer base through the first lift drive assembly
  • the first lifting drive assembly is used to drive the first pipette to rise or fall in the direction of gravity
  • the second pipetting device is installed on the transfer base through the second lifting drive assembly
  • the second lifting drive assembly is used to drive the second pipette to rise or fall along the direction of gravity.
  • the first lifting drive assembly includes a first lifting seat, a second screw rod, a first lifting drive member and a second screw nut; the first lifting seat is connected up and down in the direction of gravity.
  • the first pipette is mounted on the first lifting base;
  • the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the first lifting base around its own axis, and the The axis of the second screw rod is parallel to the direction of gravity;
  • the first lifting driver is installed on the transfer seat and is connected to the second screw rod;
  • the second screw nut is threadedly connected to the on the second threaded rod, and is fixedly connected with the first lifting seat.
  • the second lifting drive assembly includes a second lifting seat, a third screw rod, a second lifting drive member and a third screw nut; the second lifting seat is connected up and down in the direction of gravity On the transfer base, the multi-channel pipetting assembly is installed on the second lifting base; the third screw is rotatably connected to the second lifting base around its own axis, and the The axis of the third screw rod is parallel to the direction of gravity; the second lifting drive member is installed on the transfer seat and is connected to the third screw rod by transmission; the third screw rod nut is threadedly connected to the on the third threaded mandrel, and is fixedly connected with the second lifting seat.
  • the nucleic acid extraction mechanism includes multiple nucleic acid extraction mechanisms, and the multiple nucleic acid extraction mechanisms can perform nucleic acid extraction independently of each other.
  • a nucleic acid extraction method using the above-mentioned automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment comprising steps:
  • the cover opening mechanism transfers the sampling tube on the sample carrier to the clamping position of the clamping mechanism
  • the clamping mechanism clamps the sampling tube at the clamping position
  • the cover-opening mechanism unscrews the tube cover on the sampling tube located at the clamping position
  • the pipetting mechanism moves to the clamping position, and sucks the liquid in the sampling tube located at the clamping position;
  • the pipetting mechanism moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism to release the sucked liquid to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism;
  • the cover opening mechanism re-tightens the tube cover on the sampling tube at the clamping position, and transfers the sampling tube at the clamping position to the sample carrier.
  • Fig. 1 is the perspective view of automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction device shown in Figure 1 from another perspective;
  • Fig. 3 is the top view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the front view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is the left view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is the right view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 7 is a rear view of the automatic nucleic acid extraction device shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the pipetting mechanism of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an assembly schematic diagram of the pipette of the pipetting mechanism shown in Fig. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a pipetting mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the pipetting mechanism shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is an assembly schematic diagram of the pipette of the pipetting mechanism shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the pipette of the pipetting device shown in Fig. 10;
  • Figure 14 is a flowchart of a nucleic acid extraction method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 60 pipetting mechanism; 611, the first beam; 612, transfer seat; 613, the first driving member; 614, the first driving pulley; 615, the first driven pulley; 616, the first transmission belt; 617, second drive member;
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are indirect through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • an automatic nucleic acid extraction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an installation frame 10, a sample carrier 20, a clamping mechanism 30, a nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, a cover opening mechanism 50 and a moving Liquid mechanism 60.
  • the sample carrier 20 is installed in the installation frame 10 and is used for storing the sampling tube a1. That is to say, the sample to be detected is stored in the sampling tube a1 using a reagent such as a preservation solution.
  • a reagent such as a preservation solution.
  • the sample carrier 20 can store several sampling tubes a1 at the same time, so as to facilitate subsequent nucleic acid extraction from the liquid in multiple sampling tubes a1 at the same time.
  • the clamping mechanism 30 is installed in the installation frame 10 and has a clamping position 31 for clamping or loosening the sampling tube a1.
  • the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 is installed in the installation frame 10, and is used to extract nucleic acid from the liquid in the sampling tube a1.
  • the opening mechanism 50 is installed in the installation frame 10, and is used for transferring the sampling tube a1 between the sample carrier 20 and the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30, and for the sampling tube a1 clamped at the clamping position 31 To uncap or cap.
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 is installed in the installation frame 10, and is used to suck the liquid in the sampling tube a1 located at the clamping position 31, and transfer it to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, so that the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 can perform nucleic acid extraction on the liquid.
  • the sampling tube a1 containing the sample to be tested is placed on the sample carrier 20 .
  • the cover opening mechanism 50 moves to the sample carrier 20 and clamps the sampling tube a1.
  • the opening mechanism 50 moves to the clamping mechanism 30 , and places the clamped sampling tube a1 in the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30 .
  • the clamping mechanism 30 clamps the sampling tube a1 located at the clamping position 31 .
  • the cap opening mechanism 50 unscrews the cap of the sampling tube a1 (i.e.
  • the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30, and sucks the sampling tube a1 located at the clamping position 31 liquid inside. Then, the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 and releases the sucked liquid to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 .
  • the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 is used to extract nucleic acid from the liquid.
  • the cap opening mechanism 50 tightens the cap on the sampling tube a1 again (and caps it).
  • the clamping mechanism 30 loosens the sampling tube a1 , and the cover opening mechanism 50 transfers the sampling tube a1 to the sample carrier 20 again.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction device of the present invention integrates the clamping mechanism 30, the cap opening mechanism 50, the pipetting mechanism 60, and the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, and utilizes the cap opening mechanism 50 and the pipetting mechanism 60 to realize the liquid in the sampling tube a1 transfer, and use the cap opening mechanism 50 to automatically unscrew and tighten the cap of the sampling tube a1.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment of the present invention can automatically complete uncapping, dividing cups and nucleic acid detection without transferring the sample solution between various instruments, and realizes automatic transfer inside the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment, thereby reducing the It reduces the risk of pollution, simplifies the steps, and has a high degree of automation, which is conducive to reducing the labor intensity of the staff.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction device includes a plurality of nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40, and the plurality of nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40 can perform nucleic acid extraction independently of each other. In this way, part or all of the nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40 can be flexibly selected to perform nucleic acid extraction operations respectively according to specific conditions. On the one hand, it is beneficial to improve the nucleic acid extraction efficiency of the equipment; on the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the flexibility and compatibility of the equipment during actual use. sex.
  • the automatic nucleic acid detection equipment includes three nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40, and the three nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40 are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction described below, so as to simplify the transfer of the liquid by the pipetting mechanism 60.
  • the movement path to each nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 is arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction described below, so as to simplify the transfer of the liquid by the pipetting mechanism 60.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment also includes a reagent carrier 90 installed in the installation frame 10, the reagent carrier 90 is used to store reagent tubes, and reagents such as preservation solutions are stored in the reagent tubes for receiving Nucleic acid extraction liquid obtained after nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 performs nucleic acid extraction.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment further includes a tip carrier 70 installed in the installation frame 10 , and the tip carrier 70 is used to store the tip a2.
  • the pipetting mechanism 60 includes a first driving assembly, a transfer base 612 and a pipette 621/631.
  • the first driving assembly is drivenly connected to the transfer base 612, so as to drive the transfer base 612 to move along a horizontal plane and pass through the tip carrier 70, the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30, the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 and the reagent carrier 90 .
  • the pipette 621/631 has a mounting head 6212a/6312a for detachably mounting the pipette tip a2, so that the pipette 621/631 can suck or discharge liquid through the pipette tip a2 mounted on the mounting head 6212a/6312a .
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment further includes a waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 installed in the installation frame 10 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the transfer seat 612 also passes through the waste gun tip collection mechanism 80 under the driving action of the first driving assembly.
  • the pipette 621 / 631 can release the pipette tip a2 on the mounting head 6212 a / 6312 a to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 .
  • the first driving assembly is used to drive the transfer seat 612 to move along the first horizontal direction and/or the second horizontal direction intersecting with the first horizontal direction.
  • the transfer base 612 can pass through the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30, the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, and the reagent carrier. 90 and the waste tip collection mechanism 80, so that the pipette 621/631 completes the corresponding action.
  • the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.
  • the first horizontal direction is the left-right direction
  • the second horizontal direction is the up-down direction
  • the gravity direction is the direction perpendicular to the paper.
  • the transfer seat 612 is located above the clamping mechanism 30 , the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 , the reagent carrier 90 and the waste tip collection mechanism 80 .
  • the pipette 621/631 can insert the gun tip a2 on the installation head 6212a/6312a into the clamp Hold the sampling tube a1 on the position 31, and absorb the liquid in the sampling tube a1.
  • the pipette 621/ 631 can complete the corresponding actions, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first driving assembly includes a first beam 611 , and the first beam 611 is movably connected to the installation frame 10 along the first horizontal direction.
  • the transfer base 612 is movably connected to the first beam 611 along the second horizontal direction, so as to realize the movement of the transfer base 612 along the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction.
  • the first driving assembly further includes a first driving member 613 , a first driving pulley 614 , a first driven pulley 615 and a first transmission belt 616 .
  • the first driving member 613 is installed on the installation frame 10 , and the first driving pulley 614 is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the first driving member 613 , so that the first driving member 613 can drive the first driving pulley 614 to rotate.
  • the first driven pulley 615 is rotatably connected to the installation frame 10 , and the first driving pulley 614 and the first driven pulley 615 are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction.
  • the first transmission belt 616 is sheathed between the first driving pulley 614 and the first driven pulley 615 , and is connected to the first beam 611 .
  • the first driving member 613 drives the first driving pulley 614 to rotate, thereby driving the first driving belt 616 to move between the first driving pulley 614 and the first driven belt.
  • the wheels 615 move forward sequentially, and then drive the first beam 611 and the transfer seat 612 on the first beam 611 to move along the first horizontal direction.
  • the first driving member 613 may be a motor.
  • the first driving pulley 614 and the first driven pulley 615 can be synchronous pulleys, and the first transmission belt 616 can be synchronous belts.
  • the first drive assembly is not limited to adopting a belt transmission structure to realize the movement of the transfer base 612 along the first horizontal direction, and in other embodiments, a rack and pinion transmission structure or a screw pair transmission structure can also be used. To achieve, not limited here.
  • the first driving assembly further includes a first screw, a second driving member 617 and a first screw nut.
  • the first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the first beam 611 around its own axis, and the axis of the first threaded rod is parallel to the second horizontal direction.
  • the second driving member 617 is installed on the first beam 611 and is drivingly connected with the first screw rod to drive the first screw rod to rotate around its own axis.
  • the first screw nut is threadedly connected to the first screw, and is fixedly connected with the transfer base 612 .
  • the second driving member 617 drives the first screw to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the first screw nut to move along the axial direction of the first screw (ie, the first screw nut). Two horizontal directions) to move, and then the first screw nut drives the transfer seat 612 to move along the second horizontal direction.
  • the second driving member 617 may use a motor.
  • the first driving assembly is not limited to using the above screw pair transmission structure to drive the transfer base 612 to move along the second horizontal direction.
  • a rack and pinion transmission structure, a belt transmission structure, etc. may also be used, which are not limited herein.
  • the pipette 621 includes a pipette body 6212 and a first connection module 6214 , and the installation head 6212 a is installed on the pipette body 6212 .
  • the transfer base 612 is provided with a second connection module 625 , and the transfer base 612 can be electrically connected with the first connection module 6214 through the second connection module 625 , so as to drive the pipette 621 to move and control the working state of the pipette 621 .
  • the specification of the pipette 621 is not limited, and the transfer base 612 can be matched with pipettes 621 of different specifications.
  • the same transfer base 612 can be matched with different pipette main bodies 6212, thereby expanding the scope of application of the pipetting mechanism 60,
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 can automatically replace different pipettes 621 according to needs, thereby improving the flexibility of use of the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 .
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 further includes a mounting bracket 622 , a control module 623 , a first lift driving component 626 and a fixing component 627 .
  • the mounting bracket 622 is fixedly connected to the transfer seat 612
  • the control module 623 and the first lifting drive assembly 626 are respectively connected to the mounting bracket 622
  • the second connecting module 625 is connected to the mounting bracket 622 and connected to the first lifting drive assembly 626
  • the fixing component 627 is connected to the second connection module 625 .
  • the installation bracket 622 is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and the length direction of the installation bracket 622 extends along the direction of gravity.
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 also includes two slide rails 624, and the two slide rails 624 are installed on opposite sides of the width direction of the mounting bracket 622 respectively, and each slide rail 624 extends from one end of the mounting bracket 622 along the length direction of the mounting bracket 622. extending to the other end of the mounting bracket 622 for guiding the movement of the second connection module 625 .
  • the control module 623 is affixed to one side of the mounting bracket 622 in the thickness direction, and the control module 623 communicates with the second connection module 625 , the first lifting drive assembly 626 and the fixing assembly 627 to control the working state of the pipette 621 .
  • the control module 623 includes a circuit board, and the circuit board is stacked on one side of the mounting bracket 622 in the thickness direction.
  • the lifting drive assembly 626 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting bracket 622 that is away from the control module 623 in the thickness direction.
  • the first lifting drive assembly 626 includes a screw motor, and the output end of the screw motor is connected to the second connection module 625 for transmission. Drive the second connection module 625 to reciprocate and lift along the direction of gravity.
  • the second connection module 625 includes a second connection module main body 6252 and a second electrical connection unit 6254 .
  • the second connecting module main body 6252 is installed on the side of the mounting bracket 622 provided with the first lifting drive assembly 626, and the two ends of the second connecting module main body 6252 in the width direction of the mounting bracket 622 are respectively matched with two slide rails 624 so as to Sliding along the slide rail 624, the middle part of the second connection module body 6252 in the width direction of the installation bracket 622 is connected with the lifting screw motor, so the first lift drive assembly 626 can drive the second connection module body 6252 along the slide rail 624 Reciprocating lifting in the direction of gravity.
  • the second connection module main body 6252 defines a limiting groove 6252a, the limiting groove 6252a penetrates the second connecting module main body 6252 along the thickness direction of the mounting bracket 622, and the second electrical connection unit 6254 is accommodated in the limiting groove 6252a.
  • the first connection module 6214 can be selectively inserted into the limiting slot 6252a to be electrically connected with the second electrical connection unit 6254 .
  • the end of the limiting groove 6252a away from the first lifting drive assembly 626 is further provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface extends obliquely relative to the direction of gravity, so as to provide a guiding function for the first connecting module 6214 so that the first connecting module 6214 can smoothly Insert it into the limiting groove 6252a.
  • the fixing component 627 is located on one side of the second connection module 625, and is fixedly connected with the second connection module 625 so as to follow the second connection module 625 to rise and fall synchronously.
  • the fixing component 627 forms a clamping gap for clamping the first connection module 6214,
  • the clamping gap is adjustable in a direction perpendicular to the lifting direction of the second connection module 625 to clamp the second connection module 625 of the pipette 621 .
  • the fixing assembly 627 is fixed on the side of the second connection module main body 6252 away from the first lifting drive assembly 626 , and the fixing assembly 627 includes a first clamping unit 6272 and a second clamping unit arranged at intervals along the width direction of the mounting bracket 622 holding unit 6274.
  • the first clamping unit 6272 includes a first clamping motor 6272a and a first clamping block 6272b, the first clamping block 6272b is connected to the output end of the first clamping motor 6272a, and the first clamping motor 6272a is used to drive the first clamping motor 6272a
  • a clamping block 6272b reciprocates along the width direction of the mounting bracket 622 .
  • the second clamping motor 6274a includes a second clamping motor 6274a and a second clamping block 6274b, the second clamping block 6274b is connected to the output end of the second clamping motor 6274a, and the second clamping motor 6274a is used to drive the second clamping motor 6274a
  • the two clamping blocks 6274b reciprocate along the width direction of the mounting bracket 622 .
  • a clamping gap is formed between the first clamping block 6272b and the second clamping block 6274b.
  • the first connection module 6214 includes a first connection module main body 62141 and a first electrical connection unit 62143 arranged on the top of the first connection module 6214.
  • the first electrical connection unit 62143 is electrically connected to the second electrical connection unit 6254 to implement data transmission.
  • the fixing component 627 clamps the main body 62141 of the first connection module so that the pipette 621 is firmly limited to the transfer base 612 .
  • the first connection module main body 62141 is respectively provided with locking grooves 62141a on both sides of the mounting bracket 622 in the width direction, and the shape of the locking grooves 62141a is similar to that of the first clamping block 6272b and the second clamping block
  • the shapes of the pipette 6274b are matched, so the first clamping block 6272b and the second clamping block 6274b can at least partially extend into the engagement groove 62141a, thereby making the clamping of the pipette 621 more reliable.
  • a guide surface is provided at the end of the first connection module body 62141 away from the pipette body 6212, and the guide surface extends obliquely relative to the vertical direction, so that the first connection module body 62141 can be smoothly inserted into the second connection module 625 in the limit slot 6252a.
  • the pipette 631 includes a pipette body 6312 and a first connection module 6314 , and the installation head 6312 a is installed on the pipette body 6312 .
  • the transfer base 612 is provided with a second connection module 635 , and the transfer base 612 can be electrically connected with the first connection module 6314 through the second connection module 635 , so as to drive the pipette 631 to move and control the working state of the pipette 631 .
  • the specification of the pipette 631 is not limited, and the transfer base 612 can be matched with pipettes 631 of different specifications.
  • the same transfer base 612 can be matched with different pipette main bodies 6312, thereby expanding the scope of application of the pipetting mechanism 60,
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 can automatically replace different pipettes 631 according to needs, thereby improving the flexibility of use of the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 .
  • the liquid pipetting mechanism 60 includes a mounting bracket 632 , a control module 633 , a second lift driving component 636 and a fixing component 637 .
  • the mounting bracket 632 is fixedly connected to the transfer seat 612
  • the control module 633 and the second lifting drive assembly 636 are respectively connected to the mounting bracket 632
  • the second connecting module 635 is connected to the mounting bracket 632 and connected to the second lifting drive assembly 636
  • the fixing component 637 is connected to the second connection module 635 .
  • the installation bracket 632 is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and the length direction of the installation bracket 632 extends along the direction of gravity.
  • the pipetting mechanism 60 also includes two slide rails 634, and the two slide rails 634 are respectively installed on opposite sides in the width direction of the mounting bracket 632, and each slide rail 634 extends from one end of the mounting bracket 632 along the length direction of the mounting bracket 632. extending to the other end of the mounting bracket 632 for guiding the movement of the second connection module 635 .
  • the control module 633 is affixed to one side of the mounting bracket 632 in the thickness direction, and the control module 633 communicates with the second connection module 635 , the second lifting drive assembly 636 and the fixing assembly 637 to control the working state of the pipette 631 .
  • the control module 633 includes a circuit board, and the circuit board is stacked on one side of the mounting bracket 632 in the thickness direction.
  • the second lift drive assembly 636 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting bracket 632 away from the control module 633 in the thickness direction.
  • the second lift drive assembly 636 includes a screw motor, and the output end of the screw motor is connected to the second connection module 635 through transmission. It is used to drive the second connection module 635 to reciprocate and lift along the direction of gravity.
  • the second connection module 635 includes a second connection module main body 6352 and a second electrical connection unit 6354 .
  • the second connecting module main body 6352 is installed on the side of the mounting bracket 632 provided with the second lifting drive assembly 636, and the two ends of the second connecting module main body 6352 in the width direction of the mounting bracket 632 are respectively matched with two slide rails 634 so as to Sliding along the slide rail 634, the middle part of the second connection module body 6352 in the width direction of the mounting bracket 632 is connected with the lifting screw motor, so the second lift drive assembly 636 can drive the second connection module body 6352 along the slide rail 634 Reciprocating lifting in the direction of gravity.
  • the second connecting module main body 6352 defines a limiting groove 6352a on one side of the mounting bracket 632 in the thickness direction, and the fixing component 637 is installed in the limiting groove 6352a to fix the first connecting module 6314 together with the second connecting module main body 6352 .
  • One side of the second connection module body 6352 in the width direction of the installation bracket 632 is provided with an installation groove, and the second electrical connection unit 6354 is installed in the installation groove.
  • the first connection module main body 63141 can be selectively inserted into the limiting groove 6352a to match with the second connection module main body 6352, and at the same time, the first electrical connection unit 63143 can be inserted into the second electrical connection unit 6354 to cooperate with The second electrical connection unit 6354 is electrically connected.
  • the fixing assembly 637 is accommodated in the limiting groove 6352a of the second connection module main body 6352.
  • the fixing assembly 637 includes a rotating clamping member 6372, a reset member 6374 and a limiting mechanism 6376. Under the action of the limiting mechanism 6376 and the restoring member 6374, The rotating clamping member 6372 and the second connection module main body 6352 jointly form a clamping gap for clamping the first connection module 6314 .
  • the rotating clamping member 6372 is rotatably installed in the limiting groove 6352 a of the second connecting module main body 6352 through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the rotating clamping member 6372 is parallel to the width direction of the mounting bracket 632 .
  • the rotating clamping part 6372 includes a rotating connection part 6372c, a holding part 6372a and a holding part 6372b.
  • the clamping portion 6372b is located on a side of the resisting portion 6372a away from the lifting screw motor.
  • the rotating connection part 6372c is rotatably installed in the limiting groove 6352a through the rotating shaft, the abutting part 6372a is provided with a supporting groove matched with the limiting mechanism 6376, and the holding part 6372b is provided with a hook protruding toward the abutting groove for Hold the first connection module 6314 .
  • One end of the reset member 6374 is affixed to the second connection module main body 6352, and the other end of the reset member 6374 extends along the thickness direction of the mounting bracket 632 and is held against the clamping portion 6372b of the rotating clamping member 6372.
  • the reset member 6374 can be rotated by an external force. Elastic deformation occurs under the action, so as to exert a force away from the second connection module main body 6352 on the abutting portion 6372a of the rotating holding member 6372, so that the holding portion 6372b of the rotating holding member 6372 has a tendency to approach the second connecting module main body 6352 has a tendency to rotate to hold the first connection module 6314.
  • the reset member 6374 is a compression spring.
  • the limit mechanism 6376 includes a limit drive part 6376a and a limit block 6376b.
  • the limit drive part 6376a is fixed in the limit groove 6352a of the second connection module main body 6352.
  • the limit drive part 6376a is a screw motor, and the limit block 6376b is installed on the output end of the limit driving part 6376a, and the limit driving part 6376a can drive the limit block 6376b to reciprocate up and down along the direction of gravity to resist or separate from the abutting part 6372a of the rotating clamping part 6372 .
  • the end of the limiting block 6376b away from the limiting driving member 6376a protrudes into the abutting groove of the abutting portion 6372a of the rotating holding member 6372 to prevent the rotating holding member 6372 from rotating.
  • the rotating clamping member 6372 can rotate under the action of other components.
  • a clamping gap is formed between the rotating clamping member 6372 and the second connecting module main body 6352, and when the first connecting module 6314 of the pipette 631 is inserted into the clamping gap, the second connecting module main body 6352 pushes the rotating clamping member 6372 overcomes the active force of reset member 6374 and rotates.
  • the limit drive member 6376a drives the limit block 6376b to extend into the abutment groove of the rotation clamp 6372 to prevent the rotation clamp 6372 from rotating, so that the pipette 631 is firmly It is limited to the transfer seat 612 .
  • the first connection module 6314 includes a first connection module main body 63141 and a first electrical connection unit 63143 arranged on the top of the first connection module 6314.
  • the first connection unit 63143 is electrically connected to the second electrical connection unit 6354 to realize data transmission.
  • the fixing component 637 clamps the main body 63141 of the first connection module so that the pipette 631 is firmly limited to the transfer base 612 .
  • the first connection module main body 63141 includes a fixed part 63141a, a movable part 63141b and an elastic connecting part 63141c.
  • the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b are arranged at intervals in the third direction, the elastic connecting part 63141c is connected between the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b, and the elastic connecting part 63141c can produce recoverable deformation under the action of external force, so that the movable part 63141b Close to or away from the fixing part 63141a.
  • the elastic connecting part 63141c includes a stepped screw and a spring sleeved outside the stepped screw. The two ends of the stepped screw are respectively matched with the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b. Move relative to the fixed part 63141a in the direction.
  • the surfaces on both sides of the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b away from each other form slopes extending obliquely relative to the direction of gravity, and the thickness of the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b in the thickness direction of the mounting bracket 622 is away from the pipette body
  • the direction of 6312 gradually decreases.
  • the inclined surface of the fixed part 63141a is provided with a clamping groove extending in the width direction of the mounting bracket 632 at one end close to the pipette body 6312 , and the clamping groove is matched with the clamping part 6372b of the rotating clamping member 6372 .
  • the holding part 6372b of the rotating holding part 6372 slides along the slope of the fixing part 63141a and rotates outward against the force of the reset part 6374.
  • the limit driving part 6376a drives the stop block 6376b against the abutting groove of the rotating holding part 6372 to prevent the rotating holding part 6372 from rotating, thereby making The pipette 631 is firmly restrained in the pipetting mechanism 60 .
  • the limit drive member 6376a drives the limit block 6376b to break away from the resisting groove, and the second connecting module main body 6352 rises driven by the second lift drive assembly 636, and the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b
  • the elastic connection part 63141c between them is compressed under the force of the rotating clamping part 6372, and the fixed part 63141a and the movable part 63141b are moved closer to each other until the rotating clamping part 6372 breaks away from the clamping groove.
  • the pipette 621/631 includes a single-channel first pipette and a multi-channel (such as two-channel, three-channel, four-channel, five-channel, six-channel, eight-channel or sixteen-channel) pipette.
  • the second pipette, the first pipette and the second pipette can be installed on the transfer seat 612 at the same time, the first pipette has a first installation head for detachably installing the gun head a2, the second pipette A pipette can suck or spit liquid through the gun head a2 installed on the first installation head.
  • the second pipette has a plurality of second mounting heads for detachably mounting the gun heads a2, and the second pipette absorbs or discharges liquid through the gun heads a2 mounted on the second mounting heads.
  • the first installation head can pick up the gun tip a2 on the gun tip carrier 70 .
  • the first pipette can absorb the liquid in the sampling tube a1 clamped at the clamping position 31 through the gun tip a2 .
  • the transfer base 612 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, the first pipette can spit out the liquid in the pipette tip a2 to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, so that the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 can extract nucleic acid from the liquid.
  • the transfer seat 612 first moves to the tip carrier 70, so that the first installation of the first pipette Pick up the gun tip a2 on the gun tip carrier 70. Then, the transfer base 612 moves to the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30 , so that the first pipette absorbs the liquid in the sampling tube a1 clamped at the clamping position 31 through the tip a2 .
  • the transfer seat 612 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, so that the first pipette spits out the liquid to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 through the tip a2, so that the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 can perform nucleic acid extraction on the liquid.
  • the transfer base 612 moves to the gun tip carrier 70
  • multiple second installation heads can simultaneously pick up the gun tip a2 on the gun tip carrier 70 .
  • the second pipette can simultaneously absorb the nucleic acid extraction solution of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 through the picked-up multiple tips a2 .
  • the second pipette can spit out the nucleic acid extraction liquid in the plurality of tips a2 to the plurality of reagent tubes on the reagent carrier 90 respectively. In this way, in actual use, the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 completes nucleic acid detection and obtains a nucleic acid extraction solution.
  • the transfer base 612 moves to the gun tip carrier 70, so that the multiple second mounting heads of the second pipette all pick up the gun tip a2. Then, the transfer base 612 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, so that the second pipette absorbs the nucleic acid extraction solution through each tip a2 thereon. Then, the transfer base 612 moves to the reagent carrier 90, so that the second pipette respectively releases the nucleic acid extraction solution sucked by each pipette tip a2 on it into the corresponding reagent tube.
  • the transfer seat 612 moves to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80, so that the first pipette releases the pipette tip a2 on the first mounting head to the waste pipette.
  • Gun tip collecting mechanism 80 Then, the transfer seat 612 moves to the gun head carrier 70 again, so that the first mounting head of the first pipette picks up the new gun head a2, so as to transfer the liquid in another sampling tube a1 again, avoiding the pollute.
  • the transfer seat 612 moves to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80, so that the first The second pipette releases the tips a2 on each second installation head to the waste tips collection mechanism 80 . Then the transfer seat 612 moves to the gun tip carrier 70 again, so that each second installation head of the second pipette picks up a new gun tip a2, so that the liquid in another sampling tube a1 can be obtained after nucleic acid detection.
  • the nucleic acid extraction solution was transferred to avoid contamination.
  • nucleic acid extraction solution of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 is transferred to the reagent tubes on the reagent carrier 90 by using the second pipette, thereby improving the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction and reducing time costs.
  • the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment of the present invention can flexibly select the first pipette and the second pipette for pipetting operation, which is beneficial to increase the flexibility and compatibility of the equipment.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (second The lifting drive assembly (636) drives the first pipette to descend along the direction of gravity, so that the first mounting head of the first pipette is matched with the gun tip a2 on the gun tip carrier 70 .
  • the first lift drive assembly 626 (the second lift drive assembly 636) drives the first pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, thereby driving the gun tip a2 matched with the first installation head to rise and separate from the gun tip carrier 70, That is, the pickup of gun tip a2 is completed.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636 ) to drive the first pipette down in the direction of gravity, so that the gun head a2 on the first installation head is inserted into the sampling tube a1, and at this time the first pipette sucks the liquid in the sampling tube a1 into the gun head a2 . Then, the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636 ) drives the first pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that the gun tip a2 on the first installation head exits the sampling tube a1.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636) drives the first moving
  • the liquid device descends along the gravity direction, so that the gun tip a2 on the first mounting head is inserted into the inner nucleic acid extraction tube of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, and the first pipette spits out the liquid in the gun tip a2 into the nucleic acid extraction tube.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636 ) drives the first pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that the gun tip a2 on the first installation head exits the sampling tube a1.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636) drives the first lifting and lowering driving assembly 636.
  • a pipette descends along the direction of gravity, so that the gun tip a2 on the first installation head is inserted into the waste tip collection mechanism 80, so that the gun tip a2 is unmated from the first installation head.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636 ) drives the first pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that the first installation head is separated from the gun head a2.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636) drives the first lifting and lowering driving assembly 636.
  • the pipette descends in the direction of gravity, so that each second installation head of the second pipette is mated with the corresponding pipette a2 on the pipette rack 70 .
  • the first lift drive assembly 626 (the second lift drive assembly 636) drives the second pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, thereby driving the gun heads a2 matched with each second installation head to rise and separate from the gun head carrier 70 , that is to complete the pickup of gun tip a2.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636) drives the second moving
  • the liquid device descends along the gravitational direction, so that the gun tips a2 on each second installation head are respectively inserted into a plurality of nucleic acid extraction tubes of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, and the second pipette absorbs the nucleic acid extraction liquid in each nucleic acid extraction tube respectively. to each gun tip a2.
  • the first lift drive assembly 626 (the second lift drive assembly 636 ) drives the second pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that the pipette tips a2 on each second installation head exit the plurality of nucleic acid extraction tubes respectively.
  • the first lifting driving component 626 (the second lifting driving component 636) drives the second moving
  • the liquid container descends along the direction of gravity, so that the gun tips a2 on the second mounting heads are respectively inserted into a plurality of reagent tubes on the reagent carrier 90, and at this time, the second pipettes respectively extract the nucleic acid extraction liquid in each gun tip a2 Spit out into the plurality of reagent tubes.
  • the first lift drive assembly 626 (the second lift drive assembly 636 ) drives the second pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that the tip a2 on each second installation head exits a plurality of reagent tubes respectively.
  • the first lifting driving assembly 626 (the second lifting driving assembly 636) drives the first lifting and lowering driving assembly 636.
  • the two pipettes descend along the direction of gravity, so that the tips a2 on each second installation head are inserted into the waste tip collection mechanism 80, so that each tip a2 is disconnected from the second installation head.
  • the first lift drive assembly 626 (the second lift drive assembly 636 ) drives the second pipette to rise in the direction of gravity, so that each second installation head is separated from the gun head a2.
  • the first lifting drive assembly includes a first lifting seat, a second screw rod, a first lifting drive member, and a second screw nut.
  • the first lift base is connected to the transfer base 612 in a liftable manner along the direction of gravity.
  • the first pipette is installed on the first lifting base so as to rise or fall in the direction of gravity together with the first lifting base.
  • the second screw mandrel is rotatably connected on the first lifting seat around its own axis, and the axis of the second screw mandrel is parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • the first lifting driving member is installed on the transfer seat 612 and is in transmission connection with the second screw rod to drive the second screw rod to rotate around its own axis.
  • the second screw nut is threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the first lifting base, so that the first lifting base follows the second screw nut to rise or fall in the direction of gravity.
  • the first lifting driver drives the second screw to rotate, so that the second screw nut drives the first lifting seat to rise or fall relative to the transfer seat 612 in the direction of gravity, and then Drive the first pipette up or down in the direction of gravity.
  • a motor can be used as the first lifting drive member.
  • the first lifting component is not limited to using the lead screw pair transmission structure to realize the lifting of the first pipette. In other embodiments, it can also be realized by using a rack and pinion transmission structure or a belt transmission structure. This is not limited.
  • the second lifting driving assembly includes a second lifting seat, a third screw, a second lifting driving member, and a third screw nut.
  • the second lift base is connected to the transfer base 612 in a liftable manner along the direction of gravity.
  • the second pipette is installed on the second lifting base to move along the gravity direction together with the second lifting base.
  • the third screw rod is rotatably connected to the second lifting base around its own axis, and the axis of the third screw rod is parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • the second lifting driving member is installed on the transfer seat 612 and is in transmission connection with the third screw rod to drive the third screw rod to rotate around its own axis.
  • the third screw nut is threadedly connected to the third screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the second lifting base, so that the second lifting base follows the third screw nut to rise or fall in the direction of gravity.
  • the second lifting driver drives the third screw to rotate, so that the third screw nut drives the second lifting seat to rise or fall relative to the transfer seat 612 in the direction of gravity, and then The second lifting seat drives the second pipette to rise or fall in the direction of gravity.
  • a motor can be used for the second lifting drive.
  • the second lifting assembly is not limited to the use of the screw pair transmission structure to realize the lifting of the second pipette. In other embodiments, it can also be realized by using a rack and pinion transmission structure or a belt transmission structure. This is not limited.
  • the cover opening mechanism 50 includes a second driving assembly and a cover opening robot 521 .
  • the second driving assembly is installed on the installation frame 10, and the opening manipulator 521 is drivingly connected to the second driving assembly, and the second driving assembly is used to drive the opening manipulator 521 to move along the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction, so that the cover is opened
  • the manipulator 521 moves between the sample carrier 20 and the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30 to realize the transfer of the sampling tube a1.
  • the cover-opening manipulator 521 is used to hold the sampling tube a1, and loosen or tighten the cap of the sampling tube a1 by rotating.
  • the second drive assembly includes a second beam 511 and a moving seat 512, the second beam 511 is movably connected to the installation frame 10 along the first horizontal direction, and the moving seat 512 is movably connected along the second horizontal direction Connected to the second beam 511 , the cover opening manipulator 521 is installed on the moving base 512 .
  • the second driving assembly further includes a third driving member 514 , a second driving pulley 515 , a second driven pulley 516 and a second transmission belt 517 .
  • the third driving member 514 is installed on the installation frame 10 , and the second driving pulley 515 is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the third driving member 514 so that the third driving member 514 can drive the second driving pulley 515 to rotate.
  • the second driven pulley 516 is rotatably connected to the installation frame 10 , and the second driving pulley 515 and the second driven pulley 516 are arranged at intervals along the first horizontal direction.
  • the second transmission belt 517 is sheathed between the second driving pulley 515 and the second driven pulley 516 , and is connected to the second beam 511 .
  • the third drive member 514 drives the second driving pulley 515 to rotate
  • the second driving pulley 515 drives the second driving belt 517 to move between the second driving pulley 515 and the second driving pulley 515.
  • the second driven pulleys 516 move forward sequentially, so that the second transmission belt 517 drives the second beam 511 to move along the first horizontal direction, and then drives the moving seat 512 and the cover opening robot 521 to move along the first horizontal direction.
  • the second driving assembly is not limited to adopting a belt transmission structure to realize the movement of the cap opening manipulator 521 along the first horizontal direction.
  • the second driving assembly can also adopt a screw pair transmission structure or a gear It can be realized by a rack transmission structure, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the second driving assembly further includes a fourth screw, a fourth driving member 513 and a fourth screw nut.
  • the fourth screw rod is rotatably connected to the second beam 511 around its own axis, and the axis of the fourth screw rod is parallel to the second horizontal direction.
  • the fourth driving member 513 is mounted on the second beam 511 and is in transmission connection with the fourth screw rod to drive the fourth screw rod to rotate around its own axis.
  • the fourth screw nut is threadedly connected to the fourth screw, and is fixedly connected with the moving base 512 .
  • the fourth driving member 513 drives the fourth screw to rotate around its own axis, so that the fourth screw nut moves along the second horizontal direction, thereby driving the moving seat 512 And the cap opening manipulator 521 moves along the second horizontal direction.
  • the fourth driving member 513 may use a motor.
  • the second drive assembly is not limited to using a screw pair transmission structure to realize the movement of the cap opening manipulator 521 along the second horizontal direction.
  • the second drive assembly can also use a belt transmission structure or a gear It can be realized by a rack transmission structure, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the opening mechanism 50 also includes a third lifting assembly, the opening manipulator 521 is installed on the moving base 512 through the third lifting assembly, and the third lifting assembly is used to drive the opening manipulator 521 to rise or fall along the direction of gravity .
  • the third lift assembly drives the uncapping manipulator 521 down, so that the capping manipulator 521 can clamp the cap of the sampling tube a1 .
  • the third lifting component drives the cover-opening robot 521 to rise, so that the clamped sampling tube a1 is separated from the sample carrier 20 .
  • the third lifting component drives the cover-opening manipulator 521 to descend, so that the cover-opening manipulator 521 can insert the sampling tube a1 into the clamping position 31 , and is clamped by the clamping mechanism 30. Then, the cover-opening manipulator 521 drives the tube cover of the sampling tube a1 to rotate, thereby unscrewing the tube cover. After the first pipette removes the liquid in the sampling tube a1, the cap-uncapping manipulator 521 re-tightens the cap on the sampling tube a1. Then, the clamping mechanism 30 releases the sampling tube a1 , and the third lifting assembly drives the cover-opening robot 521 to rise, so that the sampling tube a1 is separated from the clamping mechanism 30 .
  • the third lifting assembly includes a third lifting seat 522 , a fifth screw rod, a third lifting driving member 523 and a fifth screw nut.
  • the third lifting base 522 is connected to the moving base 512 in a liftable manner along the direction of gravity.
  • the cover-opening manipulator 521 is installed on the third lifting base 522 to ascend or descend together with the third lifting base 522 .
  • the fifth threaded rod is rotatably connected to the third lifting base 522 around its own axis, and the axis of the fifth threaded rod is parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • the third lifting driving member 523 is installed on the transfer seat 612 and is in transmission connection with the fifth screw rod to drive the fifth screw rod to rotate around its own axis.
  • the fifth threaded mandrel nut is threadedly connected to the fifth threaded mandrel, and is fixedly connected with the third lifting seat 522 .
  • the third lift driver 523 drives the fifth screw to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the fifth screw nut to move along the direction of gravity, so that the fifth screw nut drives the fifth screw nut to drive the fifth screw nut to move along the direction of gravity.
  • the three lifting seats 522 and the cover-opening manipulator 521 move along the direction of gravity.
  • the third lifting drive member 523 can use a motor.
  • the third lifting assembly is not limited to the use of the screw pair transmission structure to realize the rise or fall of the cover opening manipulator 521.
  • the third lifting assembly can also use a rack and pinion transmission structure or a belt transmission structure. structure, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the present invention also provides a nucleic acid extraction method using the automatic nucleic acid extraction equipment described in any of the above embodiments, including steps:
  • the opening mechanism 50 transfers the sampling tube a1 on the sample carrier 20 to the clamping position 31 of the clamping mechanism 30;
  • the clamping mechanism 30 clamps the sampling tube a1 located at the clamping position 31;
  • the cap opening mechanism 50 unscrews the cap on the sampling tube a1 at the clamping position 31;
  • the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the clamping position 31, and sucks the liquid in the sampling tube a1 located at the clamping position 31;
  • the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, so as to release the sucked liquid to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40;
  • the cap opening mechanism 50 retightens the cap on the sampling tube a1 at the clamping position 31 , and transfers the sampling tube a1 at the clamping position 31 to the sample carrier 20 .
  • steps S10 to S60 can be executed cyclically in sequence until the liquid in each sampling tube a1 on the sample carrier 20 is transferred to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 . And, when the quantity of the sample (that is, the liquid in the sampling tube a1 ) of one of the nucleic acid extraction mechanisms 40 is sufficient, the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 starts to perform nucleic acid extraction.
  • the code scanner 81 installed on the installation frame 10 is used to scan the sampling tube a1. Identification code to obtain the information of the sampling tube a1.
  • nucleic acid extraction method also includes steps:
  • the second pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 to absorb the nucleic acid extraction solution of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40, and transfer the nucleic acid extraction solution to the reagent tube on the reagent carrier 90.
  • step S70 and steps S10 to S60 can be performed simultaneously, that is to say, the transfer of the liquid in the sampling tube a1 and the nucleic acid extraction solution can be performed simultaneously, which is beneficial to improve the detection efficiency.
  • step S40 a step is also included: the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the tip carrier 70 and picks up the tip a2 on the tip carrier 70 .
  • step S50 a step is further included: the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 , and releases the pipette tip a2 to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 .
  • step 70 a step is also included: the second pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the tip carrier 70 and picks up the tip a2 on the tip carrier 70 .
  • step 70 a step is also included: the second pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 , and releases the pipette tip a2 to the waste pipette tip collection mechanism 80 .
  • step S40 when the deep well plate of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 is not pre-packaged with various reagents for nucleic acid extraction (such as lysate, washing solution and eluent, etc.), steps are also included before step S40:
  • the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the reagent carrier 90, and sucks the reagent in the reagent tube on the reagent carrier 90;
  • the first pipette of the pipetting mechanism 60 moves to the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 to release the aspirated reagent into the deep well plate of the nucleic acid extraction mechanism 40 .
  • the present application also provides a method for replacing the pipette 621/631.
  • the pipetting mechanism 60 in the first embodiment as an example, the method for replacing the pipette 621 is described below. Instructions, specifically include the following steps:
  • S110 Control the second connection module 625 to drive the pipette 621 down until the pipette 621 is placed on the installation frame 10 .
  • the lift driving assembly 626 drives the second connection module 625 to drive the pipette 621 down until the pipette 621 is placed on the installation frame 10 .
  • S120 Control the second connection module 625 to rise and separate from the first connection module 6214 of the pipette 621.
  • first clamping block 6272b and the second clamping block 6274b of the fixing assembly 627 move opposite to each other to loosen the first connection module 6214, and the lift drive assembly 626 drives the second connection module 625 to rise so that the second connection module 625 Disengage the first connection module 6214.
  • connection unit 62143 is electrically connected to the second electrical connection unit 6254 .
  • S140 Control the second connection module 625 to descend until the first connection module 6214 is mated with the first connection module 6214 of the pipette 621 .
  • first clamping block 6272b and the second clamping block 6274b of the fixing assembly 627 move toward each other to clamp the first connection module main body 62141 of the first connection module 6214 , thereby completing the replacement of the pipette 621 .

Abstract

一种自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法。该自动核酸提取设备包括：安装框架（10）；样本载架（20），安装于安装框架（10）内，且用于存放采样管（a1）；夹持机构（30），安装于安装框架（10）内，且具有一用于夹紧或松开采样管（a1）的夹持位（31）；核酸提取机构（40），安装于安装框架（10）内，且用于进行核酸提取；开盖机构（50），安装于安装框架（10）内，且用于在样本载架（20）和夹持位（31）之间转移采样管（a1），并对被夹紧于夹持位（31）的采样管（a1）进行开盖或封盖；及移液机构（60），安装于安装框架（10）内，且用于吸取位于夹持位（31）的采样管（a1）内的液体，并转移至核酸提取机构（40）。

Description

自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法
本申请引用于2021年11月27日递交的名称为“自动核酸提取设备”的第202122938517.3号中国专利申请、于2021年11月27日递交的名称为“自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法”的第202111427942.4号中国专利申请、于2021年09月17日递交的名称为“移液装置、核酸提取、检测装置及移液器更换方法”的第202111091554.3号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及生物检测技术领域，更具体的说，涉及一种自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法。
背景技术
核酸检测的物质是病毒的核酸，以通过查找患者的呼吸道标本、血液或粪便中是否存在外来入侵的病毒的核酸，来确定是否被病毒感染。在对核酸进行检测时需要用到核酸提取设备。
然而，现有的核酸提取设备包括多个相对独立的仪器，例如分液仪器、核酸提取仪器等。例如，专利号为CN213266452U的专利文献中记载的全自动核酸提取仪，仅仅具有核酸提取功能，不具备分杯功能，需要采用人工分杯，极大的增加了人员负担和劳动强度；例如，专利号为CN113150959A的专利文献中记载的一种新冠病毒样本分杯装置，只具有分杯功能，分杯后的核酸提取和转移的过程繁琐，且容易造成提取液的污染。专利号为CN13244972A的专利文献中记载的一种自动分杯机，不具备开盖功能，只能通过手动的方式来开盖，一方面容易对提取液造成污染，另一方面增加了工作人员的劳动强度，自动化程度低。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法。
一种自动核酸提取设备，包括：
安装框架；
样本载架，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于存放采样管；
夹持机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且具有一用于夹紧或松开采样管的夹持位；
核酸提取机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于进行核酸提取；
开盖机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于在所述样本载架和所述夹持位之间转移采样管，并对被夹紧于所述夹持位的采样管进行开盖或封盖；及
移液机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于吸取位于所述夹持位的采样管内的液体，并转移至所述核酸提取机构。
在其中一个实施例中，所述自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于所述安装框架内的枪头载架，所述枪头载架用于存放枪头；
所述移液机构包括第一驱动组件、与所述第一驱动组件驱动连接的移载座以及安装在所述移载座上的移液器，所述第一驱动组件用于驱动所述移载座沿一水平面移动并途经所述枪头载架、所述夹持位和所述核酸提取机构；
所述移液器包括移液器主体及设于所述移液器主体一端的第一连接模块；所述移液机构还包括：
安装支架，安装于所述移载座；
升降组件，安装于所述安装支架；
第二连接模块，配接于所述安装支架并传动连接于所述升降组件；
固定组件，连接于第二连接模块，所述固定组件用于固定所述第一连接模块；
其中，所述第二连接模块在所述升降组件的驱动下沿水平方向相交的方向往复升降以与所述第一连接模块相互配接或相互分离。
在其中一个实施例中，当所述第二连接模块与所述第一连接模块相互配接时，所述第二连接模块与所述第一连接模块电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一连接模块包括第一连接模块主体及第一电连接单元，所述第一连接模块主体的一端固接于所述移液器主体，所述第一电连接单元设于所述第一连接模块主体远离所述移液器主体的一端。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二连接模块包括第二连接模块主体及第二电连接单元，所述第二连接模块主体开设有沿自身的升降方向延伸的限位槽，所述第二电连接单元安装于所述限位槽内或位于所述限位槽外，所述第一连接模块可选择地插设于所述限位槽中并与所述第二电连接单元电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述移液机构还包括滑轨，所述滑轨安装于所述安装支架并沿所述第二连接模块的升降方向延伸，所述第二连接模块配接于所述滑轨并能够沿所述滑轨滑动。
在其中一个实施例中，所述固定组件包括间隔设置的第一夹持单元和第二夹持单元；所述第一夹持单元包括第一夹持电机和第一夹持块，所述第一夹持块配接于所述第一夹持电机的输出端；所述第二夹持电机包括第二夹持电机和第二夹持块，所述第二夹持块配接于所述第二夹持电机的输出端；
所述第一夹持电机用于驱动所述第一夹持块沿一方向往复移动，所述第二夹持电机用于驱动所述第二夹持块沿一方向往复移动，所述第一夹持块和所述第二夹持块之间形成用于夹持所述第一连接模块的夹持间隙，所述夹持间隙在垂直于所述第二连接模块的升降方向的方向上大小可调。
在其中一个实施例中，所述固定组件包括转动卡持件，所述转动卡持件可转动地安装于所述第二连接模块，所述转动卡持件与所述第二连接模块共同形成用于夹持所述第一连接模块的夹持间隙，所述夹持间隙在垂直于所述第二连接模块的升降方向的方向上大小可调。
在其中一个实施例中，所述移液器为单通道、双通道、三通道、四通道、五通道、六通道、八通道或十六通道。
在其中一个实施例中，所述移液器包括第一移液器，所述第一移液器具有一用于可拆离地安装所述枪头的第一安装头；
当所述移载座移动至所述枪头载架时，所述第一安装头能够拾取所述枪头载架上的枪头；当所述移载座移动至所述夹持位时，所述第一移液器通过枪头吸取采样管内的液体；当所述移载座移动至所述核酸提取机构时，所述第一移液器能够将枪头内的液体吐出至所述核酸提取机构。
在其中一个实施例中，所述自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于所述安装框架内的试剂载架，所述试剂载架用于存放试剂管；
所述移液器包括第二移液器，所述第二移液器具有多个用于可拆离地安装所述枪头的第二安装头；
所述移载座在所述第一驱动组件的驱动作用下还途经所述试剂载架；当所述移载座移动至所述枪头载架时，多个所述第二安装头能够同时拾取所述枪头载架上的枪头；当所述移载座移动至所述核酸提取机构时，所述第二移液器能够通过多个枪头同时吸取所述核酸提取机构的核酸提取液；所述移载座移动至所述试剂载架时，所述第二移液器能够将多个枪头内的核酸提取液分别吐出至所述试剂载架上的多个试剂管。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一驱动组件用于驱动所述移载座沿第一水平方向和/或与所述第一水平方向相交的第二水平方向移动。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一驱动组件包括第一横梁，所述第一横梁沿所述第一水平方向可移动地连接于所述安装框架上，所述移载座沿所述第二水平方向可移动地连接于所述第一横梁上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一驱动组件还包括第一驱动件、第一主动带轮、第一从动带轮及第一传动带；
所述第一驱动件安装于所述安装框架上，所述第一主动带轮传动连接于所述第一驱动件的输出轴上，所述第一从动带轮可转动地连接于所述安装框架上，且所述第一主动带轮和所述第一从动带轮沿所述第一水平方向间隔布设；所述第一传动带套设于所述第一主动带轮和所述第一从动带轮之间，且与所述第一横梁连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一驱动组件还包括第一丝杆、第二驱动件及第一丝杆螺母，所述第一丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第一横梁上，且所述第一丝杆的轴线与所述第二水平方向平行，所述第二驱动件安装于所述第一横梁上，且与所述第一丝杆驱动连接，所述第一丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第一丝杆上，且与所述移载座固定连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述移液机构还包括第一升降驱动组件和第二升降驱动组件，所述第一移液器通过所述第一升降驱动组件安装于所述移载座上，所述第一升降驱动组件用于驱动所述第一移液器沿重力方向上升或下降，所述第二移液器件通过所述第二升降驱动组件安装于所述移载座上，所述第二升降驱动组件用于驱动所述第二移液器沿重力方向上升或下降。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一升降驱动组件包括第一升降座、第二丝杆、第一升降驱动件及第二丝杆螺母；所述第一升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于所述移载座上，所述第一移液器安装于所述第一升降座上；所述第二丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第一升降座上，且所述第二丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行；所述第一升降驱动件安装于所述移载座上，且与所述第二丝杆传动连接；所述第二丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第二丝杆上，且与所述第一升降座固定连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二升降驱动组件包括第二升降座、第三丝杆、第二升降驱动件及第三丝杆螺母；所述第二升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于所述移载座上，所述多通道移液组件安装于所述第二升降座上；所述第三丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第二升降座上，且所述第三丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行；所述第二升降驱动件安装于所述移载座上，且与所述第三丝杆传动连接；所述第三丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第三丝杆上，且与所述第二升降座固定连接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述核酸提取机构包括多个，多个所述核酸提取机构能够相互独立地进行核酸提取。
一种应用上述的自动核酸提取设备的核酸提取方法，包括步骤：
所述开盖机构将所述样本载架上的采样管转移至所述夹持机构的所述夹持位；
所述夹持机构夹紧位于所述夹持位的采样管；
所述开盖机构将位于所述夹持位的采样管上的管盖拧下；
所述移液机构移动至所述夹持位处，并吸取位于所述夹持位的采样管内的液体；
所述移液机构移动至所述核酸提取机构处，以将吸取的液体释放至所述核酸提取机构；
所述开盖机构将管盖重新拧紧在位于所述夹持位的采样管上，并将位于所述夹持位的采样管转移至所述样本载架上。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据公开的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一实施例中自动核酸提取设备的立体图；
图2为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备在另一视角下的立体图；
图3为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备的俯视图；
图4为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备的前视图；
图5为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备的左视图；
图6为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备的右视图；
图7为图1所示的自动核酸提取设备的后视图；
图8为本发明第一实施例的移液机构的结构示意图；
图9为图8所示移液机构的移液器的装配示意图；
图10为本发明第二实施例的移液机构的结构示意图；
图11为图10所示移液机构的另一角度的结构示意图；
图12为图10所示移液机构的移液器的装配示意图；
图13为图10所示移液装置的移液器的结构示意图；
图14为本发明一实施例中核酸提取方法的流程图；
附图标号说明：
10、安装框架；20、样本载架；30、夹持机构；31、夹持位；40、核酸提取机构；50、开盖机构；511、第二横梁；512、移动座；513、第四驱动件；514、第三驱动件；515、第二主动带轮；516、第二从动带轮；517、第二传动带；521、开盖机械手；522、第三升降座；523、第三升降驱动件；
60、移液机构；611、第一横梁；612、移载座；613、第一驱动件；614、第一主动带轮；615、第一从动带轮；616、第一传动带；617、第二驱动件；
621、移液器；6212、移液器主体；6212a、安装头；6214、第一连接模块；62141、第一连接模块主体；62141a、卡接槽；62143、第一电连接单元；622、安装支架；623、控制模块；624、滑轨；625、第二连接模块；6252、第二连接模块主体；6252a、限位槽；6254、第二电连接单元；626、第一升降驱动组件；627、固定组件；6272、第一夹持单元；6272a、第一夹持电机；6272b、第一夹持块；6274、第二夹持单元；6274a、第二夹持电机；6274b、第二夹持块；
631、移液器；6312、移液器主体；6312a、安装头；6314、第一连接模块；63141、第一连接模块主体；63141a、固定部；63141b、活动部；63141c、弹性连接部；63143、第一电连接单元；632、安装支架；633、控制模块；634、滑轨；635、第二连接模块；6352、第二连接模块主体；6352a、限位槽；6354、第二电连接单元；636、第二升降驱动组件；637、固定组件；6372、转动卡持件；6372a、抵持部；6372b、卡持部；6372c、转动连接部；6374、复位件；6376、限位机构；6376a、限位驱动件；6376b、限位块；
70、枪头载架；80、收集机构；90、试剂载架。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请。但是本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
请参阅图1至图3所示，本发明一实施例提供的一种自动核酸提取设备，包括安装框架10、样本载架20、夹持机构30、核酸提取机构40、开盖机构50及移液机构60。
样本载架20安装于安装框架10内，且用于存放采样管a1。也就是说，待检测样本利用保存液等试剂储存在采样管a1内。当然，为了提高检测效率，样本载架20可同时存放若干采样管a1，以便于后续同时对多个采样管a1内的液体进行核酸提取。
夹持机构30安装于安装框架10内，且具有一用于夹紧或松开采样管a1的夹持位31。核酸提取机构40安装于安装框架10内，且用于对采样管a1内的液体进行核酸提取。开盖机构50安装在安装框架10内，且用于在样本载架20和夹持机构30的夹持位31之间转移采样管a1，并对被夹紧于夹持位31的采样管a1进行开盖或封盖。移液机构60安装在安装框架10内，且用于吸取位于夹持位31的采样管a1内的液体，并转移至核酸提取机构40，以便于核酸提取机构40对该液体进行核酸提取。
上述自动核酸提取设备，在实际使用时，首先，将装有待检测样本的采样管a1放置在样本载架20上。开盖机构50移动至样本载架20上，并夹持采样管a1。然后，开盖机构50移动至夹持机构30，并将夹持的采样管a1置于夹持机构30的夹持位31。夹持机构30夹紧位于该夹持位31的采样管a1。此时，开盖机构50将采样管a1的管盖拧下(即开盖)，移液机构60移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31处，并吸取位于夹持位31的采样管a1内的液体。再然后，移液机构60移动至核酸提取机构40处，并将吸取的液体释放至核酸提取机构40。核酸提取机构40用于对该液体进行核酸提取。同时，开盖机构50将管盖再次拧紧在采样管a1上(及封盖)。夹持机构30松开该采样管a1，开盖机构50将该采样管a1再次转移至样本载架20上。按照上述步骤依次循环，直至将样本载架20上所有的采样管a1内的液体分别转移至核酸提取机构40内，以便于核酸提取机构40分别对各个样本进行核酸提取。
如此，本发明的自动核酸提取设备集成了夹持机构30、开盖机构50、移液机构60及核酸提取机构40，并且利用开盖机构50和移液机构60实现了采样管a1内的液体的转移，并且利用开盖机构50对采样管a1的管盖进行自动的拧下和拧紧。与现有技术相比，本发明的自动核酸提取设备能够自动完成开盖、分杯和核酸检测，无需将样本溶液在各个仪器之间转移，实现了在自动核酸提取设备内部自动转移，从而降低了污染风险，并且简化了步骤，自动化程度高，有利于降低工作人员的劳动强度。
具体到实施例中，自动核酸提取设备包括多个核酸提取机构40，该多个核酸提取机构40能够相互独立地进行核酸提取。如此，可根据具体情况灵活的选择部分或全部核酸提取机构40分别进行核酸提取操作，一方面有利于提高设备的核酸提取效率；另一方面有利于提高设备在实际使用过程中的灵活性和兼容性。具体到附图所示的实施例中，自动核酸检测设备包括三个核酸提取机构40，该三个核酸提取机构40沿下述第一水平方向间隔布设，以便于简化移液机构60将液体转移至每个核酸提取机构40的移动路径。
具体到一些实施例中，自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于安装框架10内的试剂载架90，该试剂载架90用于存放试剂管，该试剂管内储存有例如保存液等试剂，用于接收核酸提取机构40进行核酸提取后得到的核酸提取液。
请结合图4及图8所示，本发明的实施例中，自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于安装框架10内的枪头载架70，该枪头载架70用于存放枪头a2。移液机构60包括第一驱动组件、移载座612及移液器621/631。第一驱动组件与移载座612驱动连接，以驱动该移载座612沿一水平面移动并途经枪头载架70、夹持机构30的夹持位31、核酸提取机构40以及试剂载架90。移液器621/631具有用于可拆离地安装枪头a2的安装头6212a/6312a，从而移液器621/631可通过安装在安装头6212a/6312a上的枪头a2来吸取或吐出液体。
具体到实施例中，自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于安装框架10内的废枪头收集机构80(见图3)。移载座612在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下还途经废枪头收集机构80。当移载座612移动至废枪头收集机构80处时，移液器621/631能够将安装头6212a/6312a上的枪头a2释放至废枪头收集机构80。
本发明的实施例中，第一驱动组件用于驱动移载座612沿第一水平方向和/或与该第一水平方向相交的第二水平方向移动。如此，通过利用第一驱动组件驱动移载座612在第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动，使得移载座612能够途经夹持机构30的夹持位31、核酸提取机构40、试剂载架90及废枪头收集机构80处，以便于移液器621/631完成响应的动作。优选地，第一水平方向与第二水平方向相垂直。具体到图3所示的实施例中，第一水平方向为左右方向，第二水平方向为上下方向，重力方向为垂直于纸面的方向。
可以理解的是，移载座612位于夹持机构30、核酸提取机构40、试剂载架90及废枪头收集机构80的上方。当移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31上方时，移液器621/631能将安装头6212a/6312a上的枪头a2插入至夹持位31上的采样管a1内，并吸取该采样管a1内的液体。同理，当移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至枪头载架70、核酸提取机构40、试剂载架90或废枪头收集机构80上方时，移液器621/631能够完成相应动作，在此不作赘述。
一些实施例中，第一驱动组件包括第一横梁611，该第一横梁611沿第一水平方向可移动地连接于安装框架10上。移载座612沿第二水平方向可移动地连接于该第一横梁611上，从而实现移载座612 沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向的移动。
具体到实施例中，第一驱动组件还包括第一驱动件613、第一主动带轮614、第一从动带轮615及第一传动带616。第一驱动件613安装于安装框架10上，第一主动带轮614传动连接于该第一驱动件613的输出轴上，使得第一驱动件613能够驱动第一主动带轮614旋转。第一从动带轮615可转动地连接于安装框架10上，且第一主动带轮614和第一从动带轮615沿第一水平方向间隔布设。第一传动带616套设于第一主动带轮614和第一从动带轮615之间，且与第一横梁611连接。如此，当需要驱动移载座612沿第一水平方向移动时，第一驱动件613驱动第一主动带轮614旋转，从而带动第一传动带616在第一主动带轮614和第一从动带轮615之间循序前移，进而带动第一横梁611及第一横梁611上的移载座612沿第一水平方向移动。可选地，第一驱动件613可以是电机。第一主动带轮614和第一从动带轮615可采用同步带轮，第一传动带616可采用同步带。
需要说明的是，第一驱动组件并不仅限于采用带传动结构来实现移载座612沿第一水平方向的移动，在其它实施例中也可采用齿轮齿条传动结构或丝杠副传动结构等来实现，在此不作限定。
具体到实施例中，第一驱动组件还包括第一丝杆、第二驱动件617及第一丝杆螺母。第一丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于第一横梁611上，且第一丝杆的轴线与第二水平方向平行。第二驱动件617安装于第一横梁611上，且与第一丝杆驱动连接，以驱动第一丝杆绕自身轴线转动。第一丝杆螺母螺纹连接于第一丝杆上，且与移载座612固定连接。如此，当需要驱动移载座612沿第二水平方向移动时，第二驱动件617驱动第一丝杆绕自身轴线转动，从而驱使第一丝杆螺母沿第一丝杆的轴向(即第二水平方向)移动，进而第一丝杆螺母带动移载座612沿第二水平方向移动。可选地，第二驱动件617可以采用电机。
需要说明的是，第一驱动组件并不仅限于采用上述丝杠副传动结构来驱动移载座612沿第二水平方向移动。在其它实施例中，也可采用齿轮齿条传动结构、带传动结构等，在此不作限定。
请结合图8及图9，在本申请的第一实施例中，移液器621包括移液器主体6212及第一连接模块6214，安装头6212a安装于移液器主体6212。移载座612上设有第二连接模块625，移载座612可通过第二连接模块625与第一连接模块6214电连接，从而驱动移液器621移动并控制移液器621的工作状态。可以理解，移液器621的规格不限，移载座612可与不同规格的移液器621配接。如此，通过将不同型号的移液器主体6212与第一连接模块6214连接，即可将同一移载座612与不同的移液器主体6212相配合，从而扩大了移液机构60的适用范围，移液机构60可根据需要自动更换不同的移液器621，进而提高了移液机构60的使用灵活性。
进一步地在第一实施例中，移液机构60还包括安装支架622、控制模块623、第一升降驱动组件626及固定组件627。安装支架622固接于移载座612，控制模块623和第一升降驱动组件626分别配接于安装支架622，第二连接模块625配接于安装支架622并传动连接于第一升降驱动组件626，固定组件627连接于第二连接模块625。
安装支架622呈矩形平板状结构，安装支架622的长度方向沿重力方向延伸。移液机构60还包括两条滑轨624，两条滑轨624分别安装于安装支架622的宽度方向上的相对两侧，每条滑轨624沿安装支架622的长度方向自安装支架622的一端延伸至安装支架622的另一端，用于引导第二连接模块625移动。
控制模块623固接于安装支架622的厚度方向上的一侧，控制模块623与第二连接模块625、第一升降驱动组件626以及固定组件627通信连接，从而控制移液器621的工作状态。具体在一实施例中，控制模块623包括电路板，电路板层叠设于安装支架622的厚度方向上的一侧。
升降驱动组件626固接于安装支架622的厚度方向上背离控制模块623的一侧，第一升降驱动组件626包括丝杆电机，丝杆电机的输出端传动连接于第二连接模块625，用于驱动第二连接模块625沿重力方向往复升降。
第二连接模块625包括第二连接模块主体6252及第二电连接单元6254。第二连接模块主体6252安装于安装支架622设有第一升降驱动组件626的一侧，第二连接模块主体6252在安装支架622的宽度方向上的两端分别与两条滑轨624配接以沿滑轨624滑动，第二连接模块主体6252在安装支架622的宽度方向上的中部与升降丝杆电机传动连接，因此第一升降驱动组件626可带动第二连接模块主体 6252沿滑轨624在重力方向上往复升降。
进一步地，第二连接模块主体6252开设有限位槽6252a，限位槽6252a沿安装支架622的厚度方向贯穿第二连接模块主体6252，第二电连接单元6254收容于限位槽6252a内。如此，第一连接模块6214可选择地插设于限位槽6252a中以与第二电连接单元6254电连接。
在一些实施例中，限位槽6252a远离第一升降驱动组件626的一端还设有导向面，导向面相对重力方向倾斜延伸，以为第一连接模块6214提供导向作用以使第一连接模块6214顺利地插入限位槽6252a中。
固定组件627位于第二连接模块625的一侧，并与第二连接模块625固接以跟随第二连接模块625同步升降，固定组件627形成用于夹持第一连接模块6214的夹持间隙，夹持间隙在垂直于第二连接模块625的升降方向的方向上大小可调以夹持移液器621的第二连接模块625。
具体地，固定组件627固接于第二连接模块主体6252远离第一升降驱动组件626的一侧，固定组件627包括沿安装支架622的宽度方向间隔设置的第一夹持单元6272和第二夹持单元6274。第一夹持单元6272包括第一夹持电机6272a和第一夹持块6272b，第一夹持块6272b配接于第一夹持电机6272a的输出端，第一夹持电机6272a用于驱动第一夹持块6272b沿安装支架622的宽度方向往复移动。第二夹持电机6274a包括第二夹持电机6274a和第二夹持块6274b，第二夹持块6274b配接于第二夹持电机6274a的输出端，第二夹持电机6274a用于驱动第二夹持块6274b沿安装支架622的宽度方向往复移动。
如此，第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b之间形成夹持间隙，当移液器621的第一连接模块6214插入第二连接模块625的限位槽6252a中时，第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b相向移动以夹持第一连接模块6214，从而使移液器621牢固地限位于移载座612。
第一连接模块6214包括第一连接模块主体62141和设于第一连接模块6214的顶端的第一电连接单元62143，当第一连接模块6214伸入第二连接模块625的限位槽6252a后，第一电连接单元62143与第二电连接单元6254电连接以实现数据传输。固定组件627则夹持第一连接模块主体62141以使移液器621牢固地限位于移载座612。
在一些实施例中，第一连接模块主体62141在安装支架622的宽度方向上的两侧分别开设有卡接槽62141a，卡接槽62141a的形状与第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b的形状相匹配，因此第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b可至少部分伸入卡接槽62141a中，从而使对移液器621的夹持更加可靠。
在一些实施例中，在第一连接模块主体62141远离移液器主体6212的一端设有导向面，导向面相对垂直方向倾斜延伸，以使第一连接模块主体62141顺利地插入第二连接模块625的限位槽6252a中。
如图10-13所示，在本申请的第二实施例中，移液器631包括移液器主体6312及第一连接模块6314，安装头6312a安装于移液器主体6312。移载座612上设有第二连接模块635，移载座612可通过第二连接模块635与第一连接模块6314电连接，从而驱动移液器631移动并控制移液器631的工作状态。可以理解，移液器631的规格不限，移载座612可与不同规格的移液器631配接。如此，通过将不同型号的移液器主体6312与第一连接模块6314连接，即可将同一移载座612与不同的移液器主体6312相配合，从而扩大了移液机构60的适用范围，移液机构60可根据需要自动更换不同的移液器631，进而提高了移液机构60的使用灵活性。
进一步地在第二实施例中，移液机构60包括安装支架632、控制模块633、第二升降驱动组件636及固定组件637。安装支架632固接于移载座612，控制模块633和第二升降驱动组件636分别配接于安装支架632，第二连接模块635配接于安装支架632并传动连接于第二升降驱动组件636，固定组件637连接于第二连接模块635。
安装支架632呈矩形平板状结构，安装支架632的长度方向沿重力方向延伸。移液机构60还包括两条滑轨634，两条滑轨634分别安装于安装支架632的宽度方向上的相对两侧，每条滑轨634沿安装支架632的长度方向自安装支架632的一端延伸至安装支架632的另一端，用于引导第二连接模块635移动。
控制模块633固接于安装支架632的厚度方向上的一侧，控制模块633与第二连接模块635、第二升降驱动组件636以及固定组件637通信连接，从而控制移液器631的工作状态。具体在一实施例中， 控制模块633包括电路板，电路板层叠设于安装支架632的厚度方向上的一侧。
第二升降驱动组件636固接于安装支架632的厚度方向上背离控制模块633的一侧，第二升降驱动组件636包括丝杆电机，丝杆电机的输出端传动连接于第二连接模块635，用于驱动第二连接模块635沿重力方向往复升降。
第二连接模块635包括第二连接模块主体6352及第二电连接单元6354。第二连接模块主体6352安装于安装支架632设有第二升降驱动组件636的一侧，第二连接模块主体6352在安装支架632的宽度方向上的两端分别与两条滑轨634配接以沿滑轨634滑动，第二连接模块主体6352在安装支架632的宽度方向上的中部与升降丝杆电机传动连接，因此第二升降驱动组件636可带动第二连接模块主体6352沿滑轨634在重力方向上往复升降。
第二连接模块主体6352在安装支架632的厚度方向上的一侧开设有限位槽6352a，固定组件637安装于限位槽6352a内以与第二连接模块主体6352共同固定第一连接模块6314。第二连接模块主体6352在安装支架632的宽度方向上的一侧开设有安装槽，第二电连接单元6354安装于安装槽中。如此，第一连接模块主体63141可选择地插设于限位槽6352a中以与第二连接模块主体6352配接，同时第一电连接单元63143可插设于第二电连接单元6354中以与第二电连接单元6354电连接。
固定组件637收容于第二连接模块主体6352的限位槽6352a内，固定组件637包括转动卡持件6372、复位件6374以及限位机构6376，在限位机构6376与复位件6374的作用下，转动卡持件6372与第二连接模块主体6352共同形成用于夹持第一连接模块6314的夹持间隙。
具体地，转动卡持件6372通过转轴可转动地安装于第二连接模块主体6352的限位槽6352a中，转动卡持件6372的转动轴平行于安装支架632的宽度方向。转动卡持件6372包括转动连接部6372c、抵持部6372a以及卡持部6372b，抵持部6372a与卡持部6372b在安装支架632的厚度方向上设于转动连接部6372c的相对两侧，且卡持部6372b位于抵持部6372a远离升降丝杆电机的一侧。转动连接部6372c通过转轴可转动地安装于限位槽6352a中，抵持部6372a开设有与限位机构6376配接的抵持槽，卡持部6372b设有向抵持槽突出的卡钩以卡持第一连接模块6314。
复位件6374的一端固接于第二连接模块主体6352，复位件6374的另一端沿安装支架632的厚度方向延伸并抵持于转动卡持件6372的卡持部6372b，复位件6374可在外力作用下发生弹性形变，以对转动卡持件6372的抵持部6372a施加远离第二连接模块主体6352的作用力，从而使转动卡持件6372的卡持部6372b具有向靠近第二连接模块主体6352转动的趋势以卡持第一连接模块6314。具体在一实施例中，复位件6374为压缩弹簧。
限位机构6376包括限位驱动件6376a与限位块6376b，限位驱动件6376a固接于第二连接模块主体6352的限位槽6352a内，限位驱动件6376a为丝杆电机，限位块6376b安装于限位驱动件6376a的输出端，限位驱动件6376a可驱动限位块6376b沿重力方向往复升降以与转动卡持件6372的抵持部6372a抵持或分离。当限位块6376b位于最低位置时，限位块6376b远离限位驱动件6376a的一端伸入转动卡持件6372的抵持部6372a的抵持槽中，以阻止转动卡持件6372转动。当限位块6376b脱离抵持槽后，转动卡持件6372可在其它部件的作用下转动。
如此，转动卡持件6372与第二连接模块主体6352之间形成夹持间隙，当移液器631的第一连接模块6314插入夹持间隙中时，第二连接模块主体6352推动转动卡持件6372克服复位件6374的作用力而转动。当第一连接模块6314卡持到位后，限位驱动件6376a驱动限位块6376b伸入转动卡持件6372的抵持槽中以阻止转动卡持件6372转动，从而使移液器631牢固地限位于移载座612。
第一连接模块6314包括第一连接模块主体63141和设于第一连接模块6314的顶端的第一电连接单元63143，当第一连接模块6314伸入第二连接模块635的限位槽6352a时，第一电连接单元63143与第二电连接单元6354电连接以实现数据传输。固定组件637则夹持第一连接模块主体63141以使移液器631牢固地限位于移载座612。
在一些实施例中，第一连接模块主体63141包括固定部63141a、活动部63141b以及弹性连接部63141c。固定部63141a与活动部63141b在第三方向上间隔设置，弹性连接部63141c连接于固定部63141a和活动部63141b之间，弹性连接部63141c可在外力作用下产生可恢复的形变，以使活动部 63141b靠拢或远离固定部63141a。具体在一实施例中，弹性连接部63141c包括台阶螺钉和套设于台阶螺钉外的弹簧，台阶螺钉的两端分别与固定部63141a和活动部63141b配接，活动部63141b可沿台阶螺钉的轴向方向相对固定部63141a移动。
进一步地，固定部63141a与活动部63141b相互背离的两侧表面均形成相对重力方向倾斜延伸的斜面，且固定部63141a与活动部63141b在安装支架622的厚度方向上的厚度朝远离移液器主体6312的方向逐渐减小。固定部63141a的斜面靠近移液器主体6312的一端开设有安装支架632的宽度方向延伸的卡持槽，该卡持槽与转动卡持件6372的卡持部6372b相匹配。
如此，当第一连接模块主体63141伸入限位槽6352a时，转动卡持件6372的卡持部6372b沿固定部63141a的斜面滑动而克服复位件6374的作用力向外转动，当转动卡持件6372的卡持部6372b卡入固定部63141a的卡持槽后，限位驱动件6376a驱动限位块6376b抵持转动卡持件6372的抵持槽以阻止转动卡持件6372转动，从而使移液器631牢固地限位于移液机构60中。当需要拆卸移液器631时，限位驱动件6376a驱动限位块6376b脱离抵持槽，第二连接模块主体6352在第二升降驱动组件636的带动下上升，固定部63141a与活动部63141b之间的弹性连接部63141c在转动卡持件6372的作用力下压缩，固定部63141a与活动部63141b相互靠拢直至转动卡持件6372脱离卡持槽。
具体在一些实施例中，移液器621/631包括单通道的第一移液器和多通道(例如双通道、三通道、四通道、五通道、六通道、八通道或十六通道)的第二移液器，移载座612上可同时安装有第一移液器和第二移液器，第一移液器具有一用于可拆离地安装枪头a2的第一安装头，第一移液器可通过安装在该第一安装头上的枪头a2来吸取或吐出液体。第二移液器具有多个用于可拆离地安装枪头a2的第二安装头，第二移液器通过安装在该第二安装头上的枪头a2来吸取或吐出液体。
当移载座612移动至枪头载架70时，第一安装头能够拾取枪头载架70上的枪头a2。当移载座612移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31时，第一移液器能够通过枪头a2吸取被夹紧于夹持位31的采样管a1内的液体。当移载座612移动至核酸提取机构40时，第一移液器能够将枪头a2中的液体吐出至核酸提取机构40，以便于核酸提取机构40对该液体进行核酸提取。如此，在实际使用时，在第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)的驱动作用下移载座612首先移动至枪头载架70处，使得第一移液器的第一安装头拾取枪头载架70上的枪头a2。然后，移载座612移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31处，使得第一移液器通过枪头a2吸取被夹紧在夹持位31的采样管a1内的液体。再然后，移载座612移动至核酸提取机构40处，使得第一移液器通过枪头a2将液体吐出至核酸提取机构40，以便于核酸提取机构40对该液体进行核酸提取。
当移载座612移动至枪头载架70处时，多个第二安装头能够同时拾取枪头载架70上的枪头a2。当移载座612移动至核酸提取机构40处时，该第二移液器能够通过拾取的多个枪头a2同时吸取核酸提取机构40的核酸提取液。移载座612移动至试剂载架90时，第二移液器能够将多个枪头a2内的核酸提取液分别吐出至试剂载架90上的多个试剂管。如此，在实际使用时，核酸提取机构40完成核酸检测并得到核酸提取液。移载座612移动至枪头载架70处，使得第二移液器的多个第二安装头均拾取枪头a2。然后，移载座612移动至核酸提取机构40处，使得第二移液器通过其上的各个枪头a2分别吸取核酸提取液。再然后，移载座612移动至试剂载架90，使得第二移液器分别将其上的各个枪头a2吸取的核酸提取液释放至对应的试剂管内。
在将一个采样管a1内的液体转移至核酸提取机构40后，移载座612移动至废枪头收集机构80处，使得第一移液器将第一安装头上的枪头a2释放至废枪头收集机构80。然后，移载座612再移动至枪头载架70，使得第一移液器的第一安装头拾取新的枪头a2，以便于再次对另一采样管a1内的液体进行转移，避免造成污染。同理，在将同一采样管a1内的液体经过核酸检测后得到的核酸提取液全部转移至试剂载架90上的试剂管内后，移载座612移动至废枪头收集机构80处，使得第二移液器将各个第二安装头上的枪头a2释放至废枪头收集机构80。然后移载座612再移动至枪头载架70，使得第二移液器的各个第二安装头拾取新的枪头a2，以便于再次对另一采样管a1内的液体经过核酸检测后得到的核酸提取液进行转移，避免造成污染。
需要说明的是，利用第二移液器将核酸提取机构40的核酸提取液转移至试剂载架90上的试剂管内， 从而提高了核酸提取的工作效率，降低时间成本。并且，本发明的自动核酸提取设备，能够灵活的选用第一移液器和第二移液器进行移液操作，有利于增加了设备的灵活性和兼容性。
更进一步地在上述过程中，在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至枪头载架70处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向下降，使得第一移液器的第一安装头与枪头载架70上的枪头a2配接。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向上升，从而带动与第一安装头配接的枪头a2上升并与枪头载架70分离，即完成枪头a2的拾取。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向下降，使得第一安装头上的枪头a2插入至采样管a1内，此时第一移液器将该采样管a1内的液体吸取至枪头a2内。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向上升，使得第一安装头上的枪头a2退出采样管a1。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至核酸提取机构40处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向下降，使得第一安装头上的枪头a2插入至核酸提取机构40的内核酸提取管内，此时第一移液器将枪头a2内的液体吐出至该核酸提取管内。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向上升，使得第一安装头上的枪头a2退出采样管a1。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至废枪头收集机构80处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向下降，使得第一安装头上的枪头a2插入至废枪头收集机构80，使得该枪头a2与第一安装头解除配接。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向上升，使得第一安装头与枪头a2分离。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至枪头载架70处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第一移液器沿重力方向下降，使得第二移液器的每一第二安装头与枪头载架70上对应的枪头a2配接。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向上升，从而带动与各个第二安装头配接的枪头a2上升并与枪头载架70分离，即完成枪头a2的拾取。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至核酸提取机构40处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向下降，使得各个第二安装头上的枪头a2分别插入至核酸提取机构40的多个核酸提取管内，此时第二移液器将各个核酸提取管内的核酸提取液分别吸取至各个枪头a2内。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向上升，使得各个第二安装头上的枪头a2分别退出多个核酸提取管。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至试剂载架90处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向下降，使得各个第二安装头上的枪头a2分别插入至试剂载架90上的多个试剂管内，此时第二移液器将各个枪头a2内的核酸提取液分别吐出至该多个试剂管内。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向上升，使得各个第二安装头上的枪头a2分别退出多个试剂管。
在第一驱动组件的驱动作用下移载座612沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动至废枪头收集机构80处时，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向下降，使得各个第二安装头上的枪头a2均插入至废枪头收集机构80，使得各个枪头a2均与第二安装头解除配接。然后，第一升降驱动组件626(第二升降驱动组件636)驱动第二移液器沿重力方向上升，使得各个第二安装头均与枪头a2分离。
具体到另一实施例中，第一升降驱动组件包括第一升降座、第二丝杆、第一升降驱动件及第二丝杆螺母。第一升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于移载座612上。第一移液器安装于第一升降座上，以随第一升降座一同在重力方向上上升或下降。第二丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于第一升降座上，且第二丝 杆的轴线与重力方向平行。第一升降驱动件安装于移载座612上，且与第二丝杆传动连接，以驱动第二丝杆绕自身轴线转动。第二丝杆螺母螺纹连接于第二丝杆上，且与第一升降座固定连接，以使第一升降座跟随第二丝杆螺母一同在重力方向上上升或下降。
如此，当第一移液器需要升降时，第一升降驱动件驱动第二丝杆旋转，从而使得第二丝杆螺母带动第一升降座相对移载座612在重力方向上上升或下降，进而带动第一移液器在重力方向上上升或下降。可选地，第一升降驱动件可以采用电机。
需要说明的是，第一升降组件并不仅限于采用丝杠副传动结构来实现第一移液器的升降，在其它实施例中，也可采用齿轮齿条传动结构或带传动结构等实现，在此不作限定。
具体到另一实施例中，第二升降驱动组件包括第二升降座、第三丝杆、第二升降驱动件及第三丝杆螺母。第二升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于移载座612上。第二移液器安装于该第二升降座上，以随该第二升降座一同沿重力方向移动。第三丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于第二升降座上，且该第三丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行。第二升降驱动件安装于移载座612上，且与第三丝杆传动连接，以驱动第三丝杆绕自身轴线旋转。第三丝杆螺母螺纹连接于第三丝杆上，且与第二升降座固定连接，以使第二升降座跟随第三丝杆螺母一同在重力方向上上升或下降。
如此，当第二移液器需要升降时，第二升降驱动件驱动第三丝杆旋转，从而使得第三丝杆螺母带动第二升降座相对移载座612在重力方向上上升或下降，进而第二升降座带动第二移液器在重力方向上上升或下降。可选地，第二升降驱动件可以采用电机。
需要说明的是，第二升降组件并不仅限于采用丝杠副传动结构来实现第二移液器的升降，在其它实施例中，也可采用齿轮齿条传动结构或带传动结构等实现，在此不作限定。
本发明的实施例中，开盖机构50包括第二驱动组件及开盖机械手521。第二驱动组件安装于安装框架10上，开盖机械手521驱动连接于第二驱动组件上，第二驱动组件用于驱动开盖机械手521沿第一水平方向和第二水平方向移动，使得开盖机械手521在样本载架20和夹持机构30的夹持位31之间移动，以实现采样管a1的转移。开盖机械手521用于夹持采样管a1，并利用旋转运动将采样管a1的管盖拧松或拧紧。
具体到实施例中，第二驱动组件包括第二横梁511及移动座512，第二横梁511沿第一水平方向可移动地连接于安装框架10上，移动座512沿第二水平方向可移动地连接于第二横梁511上，开盖机械手521安装在该移动座512上。
进一步地，第二驱动组件还包括第三驱动件514、第二主动带轮515、第二从动带轮516及第二传动带517。第三驱动件514安装于安装框架10上，第二主动带轮515传动连接于第三驱动件514的输出轴，以使第三驱动件514能够驱动第二主动带轮515转动。第二从动带轮516可转动地连接于安装框架10上，且第二主动带轮515和第二从动带轮516沿第一水平方向间隔布设。第二传动带517套设于该第二主动带轮515和第二从动带轮516之间，且与第二横梁511连接。如此，当需要驱动开盖机械手521沿第一水平方向移动时，第三驱动件514驱动第二主动带轮515转动，第二主动带轮515带动第二传动带517在第二主动带轮515和第二从动带轮516之间循序前移，从而第二传动带517带动第二横梁511沿第一水平方向移动，进而带动移动座512及开盖机械手521沿第一水平方向移动。
需要说明的是，第二驱动组件并不仅限于采用带传动结构来实现开盖机械手521沿第一水平方向的移动，在其它实施例中，第二驱动组件也可采用丝杠副传动结构或齿轮齿条传动结构等来实现，在此不作限定。
进一步地，第二驱动组件还包括第四丝杆、第四驱动件513及第四丝杆螺母。第四丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于第二横梁511上，且第四丝杆的轴线与第二水平方向平行。第四驱动件513安装于第二横梁511上，且与第四丝杆传动连接，以驱动第四丝杆绕自身轴线旋转。第四丝杆螺母螺纹连接于第四丝杆上，且与移动座512固定连接。如此，当需要驱动开盖机械手521沿第二水平方向移动时，第四驱动件513驱动第四丝杆绕自身轴线旋转，使得第四丝杆螺母沿第二水平方向移动，从而带动移动座512及开盖机械手521沿第二水平方向移动。可选地，第四驱动件513可以采用电机。
需要说明的是，第二驱动组件并不仅限于采用丝杠副传动结构来实现开盖机械手521沿第二水平方 向的移动，在其它实施例中，第二驱动组件也可采用带传动结构或齿轮齿条传动结构等来实现，在此不作限定。
具体到实施例中，开盖机构50还包括第三升降组件，开盖机械手521通过第三升降组件安装于移动座512上，第三升降组件用于驱动开盖机械手521沿重力方向上升或下降。
如此，当开盖机械手521跟随移动座512移动至样本载架20上方时，第三升降组件驱动开盖机械手521下降，使得开盖机械手521能够夹紧采样管a1的管盖。然后，第三升降组件驱动开盖机械手521上升，使得被夹紧的采样管a1与样本载架20分离。
当开盖机械手521跟随移动座512移动至夹持机构30的夹持位31上方时，第三升降组件驱动开盖机械手521下降，使得开盖机械手521能够将采样管a1插入至夹持位31，并被夹持机构30夹紧。然后，开盖机械手521带动采样管a1的管盖旋转，从而拧下管盖。待第一移液器将该采样管a1内的液体取走后，开盖机械手521将管盖重新拧紧在采样管a1上。再然后，夹持机构30松开采样管a1，第三升降组件驱动开盖机械手521上升，从而使得采样管a1与夹持机构30分离。
进一步地，第三升降组件包括第三升降座522、第五丝杆、第三升降驱动件523及第五丝杆螺母。第三升降座522沿重力方向可升降地连接于移动座512上。开盖机械手521安装于该第三升降座522上，以随该第三升降座522一同上升或下降。第五丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于第三升降座522上，且第五丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行。第三升降驱动件523安装于移载座612上，且与第五丝杆传动连接，以驱动第五丝杆绕自身轴线转动。第五丝杆螺母螺纹连接于第五丝杆上，且与第三升降座522固定连接。如此，当需要驱动开盖机械手521上升或下降时，第三升降驱动件523驱动第五丝杆绕自身轴线转动，从而驱动第五丝杆螺母沿重力方向移动，使得第五丝杆螺母带动第三升降座522及开盖机械手521沿重力方向移动。可选地，第三升降驱动件523可以采用电机。
需要说明的是，第三升降组件并不仅限于采用丝杠副传动结构来实现开盖机械手521的上升或下降，在其它实施例中，第三升降组件也可采用齿轮齿条传动结构或带传动结构等来实现，在此不作限定。
请参见图14所示，基于上述自动核酸提取设备，本发明还提供一种应用上述任一实施例中所述的自动核酸提取设备的核酸提取方法，包括步骤：
S10、开盖机构50将样本载架20上的采样管a1转移至夹持机构30的夹持位31；
S20、夹持机构30夹紧位于夹持位31的采样管a1；
S30、开盖机构50将位于夹持位31的采样管a1上的管盖拧下；
S40、移液机构60的第一移液器移动至夹持位31处，并吸取位于夹持位31的采样管a1内的液体；
S50、移液机构60的第一移液器移动至核酸提取机构40处，以将吸取的液体释放至核酸提取机构40；
S60、开盖机构50将管盖重新拧紧在位于夹持位31的采样管a1上，并将位于夹持位31的采样管a1转移至样本载架20上。
需要说明的是，可依次循环执行上述步骤S10至S60，直至样本载架20上的各个采样管a1内的液体均被转移至核酸提取机构40。并且，当其中一个核酸提取机构40的样本(即采样管a1内的液体)数量足够之后，该核酸提取机构40开始进行核酸提取。
进一步地，开盖机构50将样本载架20上的采样管a1转移至夹持机构30的夹持位31的过程中，利用安装在安装框架10上的扫码器81对采样管a1上的标识码进行识别，以获取该采样管a1的信息。
进一步地，核酸提取方法还包括步骤：
S70、移液机构60的第二移液器移动至核酸提取机构40处，以吸取核酸提取机构40的核酸提取液，并将该核酸提取液转移至试剂载架90上的试剂管内。
需要说明的是，步骤S70与步骤S10至S60可同步进行，也就是说采样管a1内液体的转移和核酸提取液的转移可同步进行，有利于提高检测效率。
进一步地，在步骤S40之前还包括步骤：移液机构60的第一移液器移动至枪头载架70处，并拾取枪头载架70上的枪头a2。
进一步地，在步骤S50之后还包括步骤：移液机构60的第一移液器移动至废枪头收集机构80处， 并将枪头a2释放至废枪头收集机构80。
进一步地，在步骤70之前还包括步骤：移液机构60的第二移液器移动至枪头载架70处，并拾取枪头载架70上的枪头a2。
进一步地，在步骤70之后还包括步骤：移液机构60的第二移液器移动至废枪头收集机构80处，并将枪头a2释放至废枪头收集机构80。
需要说明的是，当核酸提取机构40的深孔板内未预封装各种用于核酸提取的试剂(例如裂解液、洗涤液和洗脱液等)时，在步骤S40之前还包括步骤：
移液机构60的第一移液器移动至试剂载架90处，并吸取位于试剂载架90上的试剂管内的试剂；
移液机构60的第一移液器移动至核酸提取机构40处，以将吸取的试剂释放至核酸提取机构40的深孔板中。
基于上述自动核酸提取设备，本申请还提供一种移液器621/631的更换方法，下面以第一实施例中的移液机构60为例，对移液器621的更换方法的更换方法进行说明，具体包括以下步骤：
S110：控制第二连接模块625带动移液器621下降直至将移液器621放置于安装框架10上。
具体地，升降驱动组件626驱动第二连接模块625带动移液器621下降直至将移液器621放置于安装框架10上。
S120：控制第二连接模块625上升并与移液器621的第一连接模块6214相互分离。
具体地，固定组件627的第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b相背运动以松开第一连接模块6214，升降驱动组件626驱动第二连接模块625上升以使第二连接模块625脱离第一连接模块6214。
S130：控制第二连接模块625移动至另一个移液器621上方。
具体地，移液机构移动至另一个移液器621上方，升降驱动组件626驱动第二连接模块625下降直至第一连接模块6214伸入第二连接模块625的限位槽6252a中，第一电连接单元62143与第二电连接单元6254电连接。
S140：控制第二连接模块625下降直至第一连接模块6214与移液器621的第一连接模块6214配接。
具体地，固定组件627的第一夹持块6272b和第二夹持块6274b相向运动以夹持第一连接模块6214的第一连接模块主体62141，从而完成移液器621的更换。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，包括：
    安装框架；
    样本载架，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于存放采样管；
    夹持机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且具有一用于夹紧或松开采样管的夹持位；
    核酸提取机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于进行核酸提取；
    开盖机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于在所述样本载架和所述夹持位之间转移采样管，并对被夹紧于所述夹持位的采样管进行开盖或封盖；及
    移液机构，安装于所述安装框架内，且用于吸取位于所述夹持位的采样管内的液体，并转移至所述核酸提取机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于所述安装框架内的枪头载架，所述枪头载架用于存放枪头；
    所述移液机构包括第一驱动组件、与所述第一驱动组件驱动连接的移载座以及安装在所述移载座上的移液器，所述第一驱动组件用于驱动所述移载座沿一水平面移动并途经所述枪头载架、所述夹持位和所述核酸提取机构；
    所述移液器包括移液器主体及设于所述移液器主体一端的第一连接模块；所述移液机构还包括：
    安装支架，安装于所述移载座；
    升降组件，安装于所述安装支架；
    第二连接模块，配接于所述安装支架并传动连接于所述升降组件；
    固定组件，连接于第二连接模块，所述固定组件用于固定所述第一连接模块；
    其中，所述第二连接模块在所述升降组件的驱动下沿水平方向相交的方向往复升降以与所述第一连接模块相互配接或相互分离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，当所述第二连接模块与所述第一连接模块相互配接时，所述第二连接模块与所述第一连接模块电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一连接模块包括第一连接模块主体及第一电连接单元，所述第一连接模块主体的一端固接于所述移液器主体，所述第一电连接单元设于所述第一连接模块主体远离所述移液器主体的一端。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第二连接模块包括第二连接模块主体及第二电连接单元，所述第二连接模块主体开设有沿自身的升降方向延伸的限位槽，所述第二电连接单元安装于所述限位槽内或位于所述限位槽外，所述第一连接模块可选择地插设于所述限位槽中并与所述第二电连接单元电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述移液机构还包括滑轨，所述滑轨安装于所述安装支架并沿所述第二连接模块的升降方向延伸，所述第二连接模块配接于所述滑轨并能够沿所述滑轨滑动。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述固定组件包括间隔设置的第一夹持单元和第二夹持单元；所述第一夹持单元包括第一夹持电机和第一夹持块，所述第一夹持块配接于所述第一夹持电机的输出端；所述第二夹持电机包括第二夹持电机和第二夹持块，所述第二夹持块配接于所述第二夹持电机的输出端；
    所述第一夹持电机用于驱动所述第一夹持块沿一方向往复移动，所述第二夹持电机用于驱动所述第二夹持块沿一方向往复移动，所述第一夹持块和所述第二夹持块之间形成用于夹持所述第一连接模块的夹持间隙，所述夹持间隙在垂直于所述第二连接模块的升降方向的方向上大小可调。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述固定组件包括转动卡持件，所述转动卡持件可转动地安装于所述第二连接模块，所述转动卡持件与所述第二连接模块共同形成用于夹持所述第一连接模块的夹持间隙，所述夹持间隙在垂直于所述第二连接模块的升降方向的方向上大小可调。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述移液器为单通道、双通道、三通道、四通道、五通道、六通道、八通道或十六通道。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述移液器包括第一移液器，所述第一移液器具有一用于可拆离地安装所述枪头的第一安装头；
    当所述移载座移动至所述枪头载架时，所述第一安装头能够拾取所述枪头载架上的枪头；当所述移载座移动至所述夹持位时，所述第一移液器通过枪头吸取采样管内的液体；当所述移载座移动至所述核 酸提取机构时，所述第一移液器能够将枪头内的液体吐出至所述核酸提取机构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述自动核酸提取设备还包括安装于所述安装框架内的试剂载架，所述试剂载架用于存放试剂管；
    所述移液器包括第二移液器，所述第二移液器具有多个用于可拆离地安装所述枪头的第二安装头；
    所述移载座在所述第一驱动组件的驱动作用下还途经所述试剂载架；当所述移载座移动至所述枪头载架时，多个所述第二安装头能够同时拾取所述枪头载架上的枪头；当所述移载座移动至所述核酸提取机构时，所述第二移液器能够通过多个枪头同时吸取所述核酸提取机构的核酸提取液；所述移载座移动至所述试剂载架时，所述第二移液器能够将多个枪头内的核酸提取液分别吐出至所述试剂载架上的多个试剂管。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一驱动组件用于驱动所述移载座沿第一水平方向和/或与所述第一水平方向相交的第二水平方向移动。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一驱动组件包括第一横梁，所述第一横梁沿所述第一水平方向可移动地连接于所述安装框架上，所述移载座沿所述第二水平方向可移动地连接于所述第一横梁上。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一驱动组件还包括第一驱动件、第一主动带轮、第一从动带轮及第一传动带；
    所述第一驱动件安装于所述安装框架上，所述第一主动带轮传动连接于所述第一驱动件的输出轴上，所述第一从动带轮可转动地连接于所述安装框架上，且所述第一主动带轮和所述第一从动带轮沿所述第一水平方向间隔布设；所述第一传动带套设于所述第一主动带轮和所述第一从动带轮之间，且与所述第一横梁连接。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一驱动组件还包括第一丝杆、第二驱动件及第一丝杆螺母，所述第一丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第一横梁上，且所述第一丝杆的轴线与所述第二水平方向平行，所述第二驱动件安装于所述第一横梁上，且与所述第一丝杆驱动连接，所述第一丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第一丝杆上，且与所述移载座固定连接。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述移液机构还包括第一升降驱动组件和第二升降驱动组件，所述第一移液器通过所述第一升降驱动组件安装于所述移载座上，所述第一升降驱动组件用于驱动所述第一移液器沿重力方向上升或下降，所述第二移液器件通过所述第二升降驱动组件安装于所述移载座上，所述第二升降驱动组件用于驱动所述第二移液器沿重力方向上升或下降。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第一升降驱动组件包括第一升降座、第二丝杆、第一升降驱动件及第二丝杆螺母；所述第一升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于所述移载座上，所述第一移液器安装于所述第一升降座上；所述第二丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第一升降座上，且所述第二丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行；所述第一升降驱动件安装于所述移载座上，且与所述第二丝杆传动连接；所述第二丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第二丝杆上，且与所述第一升降座固定连接。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述第二升降驱动组件包括第二升降座、第三丝杆、第二升降驱动件及第三丝杆螺母；所述第二升降座沿重力方向可升降地连接于所述移载座上，所述多通道移液组件安装于所述第二升降座上；所述第三丝杆绕自身轴线可转动地连接于所述第二升降座上，且所述第三丝杆的轴线与重力方向平行；所述第二升降驱动件安装于所述移载座上，且与所述第三丝杆传动连接；所述第三丝杆螺母螺纹连接于所述第三丝杆上，且与所述第二升降座固定连接。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的自动核酸提取设备，其特征在于，所述核酸提取机构包括多个，多个所述核酸提取机构能够相互独立地进行核酸提取。
  20. 一种应用如权利要求1至19任一项所述的自动核酸提取设备的核酸提取方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    所述开盖机构将所述样本载架上的采样管转移至所述夹持机构的所述夹持位；
    所述夹持机构夹紧位于所述夹持位的采样管；
    所述开盖机构将位于所述夹持位的采样管上的管盖拧下；
    所述移液机构移动至所述夹持位处，并吸取位于所述夹持位的采样管内的液体；
    所述移液机构移动至所述核酸提取机构处，以将吸取的液体释放至所述核酸提取机构；
    所述开盖机构将管盖重新拧紧在位于所述夹持位的采样管上，并将位于所述夹持位的采样管转移至所述样本载架上。
PCT/CN2022/119365 2021-09-17 2022-09-16 自动核酸提取设备及其核酸提取方法 WO2023041048A1 (zh)

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