WO2023036546A1 - Polysaccharid oder polysaccharidmischung, hergestellt durch paenibacillus polymyxa - Google Patents
Polysaccharid oder polysaccharidmischung, hergestellt durch paenibacillus polymyxa Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023036546A1 WO2023036546A1 PCT/EP2022/072461 EP2022072461W WO2023036546A1 WO 2023036546 A1 WO2023036546 A1 WO 2023036546A1 EP 2022072461 W EP2022072461 W EP 2022072461W WO 2023036546 A1 WO2023036546 A1 WO 2023036546A1
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- paenan
- polysaccharide
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- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002741 site-directed mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/18—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y204/00—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12Y204/01—Hexosyltransferases (2.4.1)
Definitions
- Polysaccharide or mixture of polysaccharides produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa are Polysaccharide or mixture of polysaccharides produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa
- the invention relates to a polysaccharide or polysaccharide mixture produced by a genetically modified production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa.
- Polysaccharides are universal biopolymers that are found in all areas of life. They occur in great abundance and fulfill a variety of tasks in nature. In principle, one can categorize polysaccharides into intracellular polysaccharides, structural polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides according to their function and/or their localization. Starch and glycogen are examples of intracellular polysaccharides and are efficient energy storage polysaccharides in animals, algae or plants. Examples of structural polysaccharides are cellulose, chitin, xylan or mannan, which, as hard, solid structures, impart mechanical strength to plants, insects or fungi. Extracellular polysaccharides include all polysaccharides that are secreted into the extracellular space.
- capsular polysaccharides are completely secreted into the extracellular space and do not form a shell around the cell like capsular polysaccharides, they are also referred to as exopolysaccharides (EPS).
- EPS exopolysaccharides
- capsular polysaccharides and exopolysaccharides are not always possible, since capsular polysaccharides are sometimes only very loosely associated with the cell membrane, and exopolysaccharides can also be found in close proximity to the cell.
- All polysaccharides are made up of carbohydrate monomers. These monomeric sugars and their derivatives form the basic building blocks of polysaccharides. Microbial heteropolysaccharides, in contrast to their plant counterparts, are usually regularly structured and made up of repeating elements with a consistent sequence of monomers - the so-called repeating units. Depending on the species and strain, these repeating units usually consist of two to eight sugar monomers. In extreme cases, repeating units can consist of up to fourteen sugar monomers. The synthesis of these repeating units and their Links to the polysaccharides are regulated in microorganisms in so-called biosynthetic clusters, in which all the enzymes required for synthesis are usually encoded.
- xanthan A well-known example of an industrially used EPS that has long been established on the market is xanthan. It is synthesized by Xanthomonas campestris and i.a. used in food technology as an emulsifier or foam stabilizer. But xanthan is also used outside of the food sector. It is used, for example, to adjust the viscosity of printer inks.
- Another polysaccharide that has already been introduced to the US and EU markets is gellan. This is the EPS of the organism Sphingomonas paucimobilis, which is able to form thermoreversible gels and is accordingly used in food technology as a gelling agent and stabilizer.
- such microbial polysaccharides are of particular interest because they can be produced at variable scales, independent of season and location.
- Paenibacillus polymyxa produces polysaccharide under suitable fermentation conditions.
- Paenibacillus polymyxa produces a polysaccharide that is characterized by its high viscosity.
- This high viscosity enables the polysaccharide to be used, for example, as a rheological agent or binder in the food, cosmetics and/or pharmaceuticals sectors.
- the high viscosity of the produced polysaccharide poses an obstacle to efficient production of the polysaccharide, since the polysaccharide imparts high viscosity to the fermentation medium, thereby making mass transport difficult, and requiring increased energy input, for example, by stirring or heating.
- the basis for solving this task was provided by characterizing the polysaccharide and clarifying its biosynthesis. It turned out that the polysaccharide produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa is a polysaccharide mixture of three individual polysaccharides, which only shows its high viscosity through the interaction of two of these polysaccharides. The biosynthesis of each of these three individual polysaccharides was elucidated by the inventors.
- the object according to the invention was achieved by mutagenesis, preferably targeted mutagenesis, of individual genes of Paenibacillus polymyxa, which in turn made it possible to produce the low-viscosity individual polysaccharides and/or their low-viscosity mixtures in a controlled manner.
- the rheological properties of the polysaccharides and/or the polysaccharide mixtures can be adjusted by mixing in suitable proportions, and for example also achieve the properties of the wild-type prepared polysaccharide mixture.
- the invention therefore relates to a production process and the variously mutated Paenibacillus polymyxa production organisms used in the production process, as well as the use of the polysaccharides or polysaccharide mixtures produced according to the invention, for example as a rheological mediator, binder, stabilizer, emulsifier or flocculant, preferably in food and pharmaceuticals - and/or cosmetics.
- Fig. 1 shows the structure of the repeating unit of Paenan I.
- Fig. 2 shows the structure of the repeating unit of Paenan II.
- Fig. 3 shows the structure of the repeating unit of Paenan III.
- Fig. 4 shows the monomer composition of polysaccharides produced.
- Carbohydrate fingerprints of EPS from P. polymyxa DSM 365 and mutant variants were analyzed using the HT-PMP method. Based on the obtained monomer ratios and the detection of specific dimers in MS analysis, polymer compositions were assigned to the presence of different Paenan variants (I-III).
- the AepsO variant shows the same monomer composition as the wild-type polymer, but no pyruvate or the corresponding ketal was detected.
- Fig. 5 shows viscosity curves of Paenan variants measured at logarithmically increasing shear rates from 0.01 to 1000/s with a cone and plate geometry at 20 °C (squares ⁇ ) and without (circles o) the addition of 0.5% NaCl. All measurements were performed in triplicate, error bars show the standard deviation.
- Fig. 6 and 7 show amplitude sweeps of 1% solutions of the specified EPS variants produced by P. polymyxa DSM 365 in the aqueous solutions and in the presence of 0.5% NaCl.
- G' memory module;
- G” loss modulus
- Figures 8 and 9 show frequency sweeps of 1% solutions of the indicated EPS variants produced by P. polymyxa DSM 365 in the aqueous solutions and in the presence of 0.5% NaCl. Due to a limited LVE range of Paenan III under the applied conditions, this variant was not measured in frequency sweeps.
- Fig. 10 and 11 show temperature sweeps from 20-75 °C of 1% solutions of the specified EPS variants, produced by P. polymyxa DSM 365, in the aqueous solutions and in the presence of 0.5% NaCl.
- Fig. 12 shows the monomer composition of Panean wild-type compared to monomer compositions of polysaccharide mixtures that were remixed after separate individual preparation.
- the polysaccharide produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa is a polysaccharide mixture of three individual polysaccharides. These single polysaccharides are referred to as Paenan I, Paenan II, and Paenan III.
- the structures of the repeat unit of Paenan I, Paenan II, and Paenan III are shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
- the respective molecular weights are shown in Table 4.
- the biosynthesis of the individual polysaccharides was elucidated and it was found that the following enzymes are necessary for the production of Paenan I: the glycosyltransferases PepD and/or PepF, the pyruvyltransferase EpsO, and the undecaprenylglucose phosphotransferase PepC. Without the glycosyltransferases and the undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferase, the repeat unit is not formed. The pyruvyltransferase EpsO ensures that a pyruvate residue is attached to the terminal repeat unit.
- This pyruvate residue is essential for the development of the gel character and the high viscosity of the polysaccharide mixtures produced.
- the following enzymes are necessary for the production of Paenan II: the glycosyltransferases PepT, PepII, and/or PepV, and the undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferase PepQ. Without the glycosyltransferases and the undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferase, the repeat unit is not formed.
- Paenan II has a GDP-L-fucose produced by the enzyme GDP-L-fucose synthase. GDP-L-fucose synthase is encoded in the fcl gene, which is unique in the Paenibacillus genome. Accordingly, the production of Paenan II can be prevented by deleting fcl.
- the following enzymes are necessary for the production of Paenan III: the glycosyltransferases Pepl, PepJ, PepK, and/or PepL, and the undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferases PepC or PepQ. Without the glycosyltransferases and one of the undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferases, the repeat unit is not formed.
- the polysaccharide mixtures from Paenan I and Paenan II, and the polysaccharide mixtures from Paenan II and Paenan III are of low viscosity and can be produced simultaneously without the disadvantages of a highly viscous fermentation medium occurring.
- the low-viscosity individual polysaccharides or low-viscosity polysaccharide mixtures can be used, for example, as surface coatings, functional binders for paints, and in the food industry, for example in fruit juices or salad dressings, etc.
- the desired positive properties of the polysaccharide mixtures can be restored after separate preparation by mixing and optionally heating. So that connects
- the method according to the invention has the advantages of the efficient production of low-viscosity individual polysaccharides or low-viscosity polysaccharide mixtures with the advantages offered by the high-viscosity polysaccharide mixtures obtained after mixing the low-viscosity individual polysaccharides or the low-viscosity polysaccharide mixtures due to their versatility.
- the invention thus relates on the one hand to a method for producing a polysaccharide or a polysaccharide mixture by a production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa, the method comprising at least one of the following steps separately:
- the method according to the invention can also include the polysaccharide or polysaccharide mixture produced being purified after production.
- Paenibacillus polymyxa The production organism that is modified by site-directed mutagenesis is Paenibacillus polymyxa.
- Paenibacillus polymyxa DSM 365 is used in the exemplary embodiments.
- all Paenibacillus polymyxa strains which produce the polysaccharides Paenan I, II and III under suitable fermentation conditions and/or cultivation conditions known to the person skilled in the art can be used.
- the method according to the invention can also include that after the production and, if necessary, the purification of the polysaccharides or the polysaccharide mixtures, the polysaccharides or polysaccharide mixtures produced are mixed, whereby a polysaccharide mixture is obtained which is a mixture of the polysaccharides Paenan I and Paenan II, or a mixture of the polysaccharides Paenan I and Paenan III, or a mixture of the polysaccharides Paenan II and Paenan III, or a mixture of the polysaccharides Paenan I, Paenan II and Paenan III.
- Example 5 when mixing, the person skilled in the art can select the type of polysaccharides or polysaccharide mixtures to be mixed, the mixing ratio, as well as the concentrations, and thus set a desired rheological behavior of the mixture obtained. For example, by mixing Paenan I and Paenan III in a ratio of 1:2 w/v, a polysaccharide mixture can be obtained that has similar rheological properties to Paenan wild-type. However, mixtures can also be produced which, for example, have a higher or lower viscosity compared to the Paenan wild type. These properties can be adjusted by those skilled in the art as desired for the particular application.
- a genetic change resulting in the elimination of a gene's function can also be obtained by natural mutagenesis, such as mutations induced by UV radiation or chemical agents.
- the strains mutated in this way can then be selected for the desired phenotype with little effort. Accordingly, the genetic modification within the meaning of the present invention is not limited to genetic modifications.
- the method according to the invention can include that the genetic modification, through which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off, so that the polysaccharide Paenan I cannot be produced, is selected from genetic modifications that affect the function of the glycosyltransferase PepD and/or PepF, and/or the undecaprenyl glucose phosphotransferase PepC.
- the method according to the invention can include that the genetic modification, by which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off, so that the polysaccharide Paenan II cannot be produced, is selected from genetic modifications that affect the function of the glycosyltransferase PepT , Pepll, and/or PepV, and/or the undecaprenyl glucose phosphotransferase PepQ, and/or the GDP-L-fucose synthase.
- the method according to the invention can include that the genetic modification, by which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off, so that the polysaccharide Paenan III cannot be produced, is selected from genetic modifications that disrupt the function of the glycosyltransferase Pepl , PepJ, PepK, and/or PepL.
- Polysacchand biosynthetic clusters turn off so that neither the polysaccharide Paenan II nor the polysaccharide Paenan III are produced are selected from genetic alterations affecting the function of GDP-L-fucose synthase, or the function of
- Glycosyltransferases Pepl, PepT, Pepll, and PepV, or the function of
- Glycosyltransferases PepK, PepT, PepII, and PepV, or the function of
- Glycosyltransferases PepL, PepT, PepII, and PepV, or the function of
- Exemplary genetic changes that turn off at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster so that neither the polysaccharide Paenan I nor the polysaccharide Paenan III are produced are selected from genetic changes that affect the function of the glycosyltransferases PepF and PepJ, or the function of the glycosyltransferases Prevent PepD and PepJ.
- Exemplary genetic modifications that switch off at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster so that neither the polysaccharide paenan I nor the polysaccharide paenan II are produced are selected from genetic modifications that disrupt the function of undecaprenyl-glucose phosphotransferase PepQ and glycosyltransferase PepF stop.
- the invention also relates to a composition comprising the polysaccharide paenan I but neither the polysaccharide paenan II nor the polysaccharide paenan III; or a composition comprising the polysaccharide Paenan II but neither the polysaccharide Paenan I nor the polysaccharide Paenan III; or a composition comprising the polysaccharide Paenan III but neither the polysaccharide Paenan I nor the polysaccharide Paenan II; or a composition comprising the polysaccharide Paenan I and the polysaccharide Paenan II but not the polysaccharide Paenan III; or a composition comprising the Paenan II polysaccharide and the Paenan III polysaccharide but not the Paenan I polysaccharide.
- the invention also relates to a production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa in which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off by genetic modification, so that neither the polysaccharide Paenan II nor the polysaccharide Paenan III can be produced; or a production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa in which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off by genetic modification, so that neither the polysaccharide paenan I nor the polysaccharide paenan III can be produced; or a production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa in which at least one enzymatic function of a polysaccharide biosynthetic cluster is switched off by genetic modification, so that neither the polysaccharide paenan I nor the polysaccharide paenan II can be produced; or a production organism Paenibacillus polymyxa in which at least one enzymatic function of
- polysaccharides or polysaccharide mixtures produced with the method according to the invention by the production organisms according to the invention can be used in many ways because of their advantageous properties, which on the one hand already can be present if a polysaccharide produced according to the invention or a polysaccharide mixture produced according to the invention is used per se, or can be obtained if a polysaccharide produced according to the invention or a polysaccharide mixture produced according to the invention is mixed with another polysaccharide produced according to the invention or another polysaccharide mixture produced according to the invention.
- the present invention also encompasses the use of a polysaccharide comprising paenan I, paenan II, or paenan III, or a mixture of any combination of paenan I, paenan II, and paenan III, as rheological mediator, binder, stabilizer, emulsifier , or flocculants, preferably in the food, pharmaceutical, and / or cosmetics sector.
- the polysaccharide comprising paenan I, paenan II, or paenan III, or a mixture of any combination of paenan I, paenan II, and paenan III can be used as an additive to a food product, for example, and without reference to them limited to being made from baked goods, soups, sauces, mayonnaise, ketchup, jams, marmalades, jellies, preserves (fruit and vegetables), salad dressing, ice cream, milkshakes, pudding, pickled vegetables, canned meat and fish, or as an additive in one Cosmetic product, for example and not limited to, selected from a shower gel, cosmetic creams and lotions, hair shampoo, skin creams, toothpaste, moisturizers, or as an additive in a pharmaceutical or medicinal product, for example and not to be limited to selected from wound dressings, particles for controlled drug release, eye drops, tablet coatings, capsules for food supplements, or for use in tissue engineering to support surface adhesion after operations, in water flooding for oil production, in bioremediation and wastewater treatment, for
- P. polymyxa DSM 365 was purchased from the German Collection for Microorganisms and Cell Culture (DSMZ, Germany). Escherichia coli NEB Turbo cells (New England Biolabs, USA) were used for the plasmid constructions. E. coli S17-1 (DSMZ strain DSM 9079) was used to transform P. polymyxa DSM 365 via conjugation. The strains produced are listed in Table 1.
- 900 ⁇ l of the recipient culture was heat shocked at 42°C for 15 min and mixed with 300 ⁇ l of the donor strain.
- the cells were centrifuged at 6,000 ⁇ g for 2 min, resuspended in 800 ⁇ l of LB medium and dropped onto non-selective LB agar plates. After 24 h incubation at 30°C, the cells were scraped, resuspended in 500 ⁇ l LB broth and 100 ⁇ l of this was plated onto selective LB agar containing 50 pg/ml neomycin and 20 pg/ml polymyxin for counter selection. P. po/ymyxa conjugates were analyzed for successful transformation by colony PCR after incubation for 48 hours at 30°C.
- Table 2 Some of the plasmids used and produced.
- Table 3 Some of the oligonucleotides used. Overhangs used for the Golden Gate Assembly are shown in lowercase. Restriction sites used for cloning are underlined. For each KO construct, two sets of sgRNAs were designed, tested and listed below if successful knockouts were achieved Example 2 - Fermentative production of the polysaccharides
- strains were grown in LB media (5 g/l yeast extract, 10 g/l tryptone, 10 g/l NaCl) supplemented with 50 pg/ml neomycin and 20 pg/ml polymyxin. Supplemented if necessary. All strains were stored in 30% glycerol at -80°C. Before culturing, the strains were streaked onto LB agar plates and allowed to grow at 30°C for 24 hours.
- LB media 5 g/l yeast extract, 10 g/l tryptone, 10 g/l NaCl
- All strains were stored in 30% glycerol at -80°C. Before culturing, the strains were streaked onto LB agar plates and allowed to grow at 30°C for 24 hours.
- the fermentation medium contained 30 g/l glucose, 0.05 g/l CaCh ⁇ 2H2O, 5 g/l tryptone, 1.33 g/l MgSÜ4 ⁇ 7H2O, 1.67 g/l KH2PO4, 2 ml/l RPMI 1640 vitamin solution (Merck, Germany) and 1 ml/l trace element solution (2.5 g/l FeSO4, 2.1 g/l C4H40eNa2 x 2 H2O, 1.8 g/l MnCh x 4 H 2 O, 0.258 g/l H3BO3, 0.031 g/l CuSO 4 x 5 H 2 O, 0.023 g/l NaMoO 4 x 2 H 2 O, 0.075 g/l C0Cl2 x 7 H2O, 0.021 g/l ZnCh).
- the preculture medium was prepared the same as the fermentation medium except for a reduced glucose concentration of 10 g/l and an additional 20 g/l MOPS, buffere
- the fermentative production of EPS was carried out in 1 L benchtop DASGIP parallel bioreactor systems (Eppendorf, Germany) with a working volume of 500 ml, equipped with a 6-blade Rushton impeller over 28 h with a controlled pH of 6.8 and a pO2 saturation of 30% done.
- Batch cultivations were started with an initial ODeoo of 0.1 by inoculating with an appropriate volume of preculture.
- the biomass was separated by centrifugation (15,000 x g, 20°C, 20 min), followed by cross-flow filtration of the supernatant using a 100 kDa filtration cassette (Hydrosart, Sartorius AG, Germany).
- the monomer composition of manufactured EPS variants was analyzed using the 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone high-throughput method (HT-PMP) (Rühmann, Schmid & Sieber, 2014). Briefly, 0.1% EPS solutions were hydrolyzed in a 96-well plate, sealed with a silicone mat, and further covered with a custom-made metal jig with 2 M TFA (90 min, 121 °C). Samples were neutralized with 3.2% NH4OH. 75L PMP master mix (0.1 M methanolic PMP:0.4% ammonium hydroxide 2:1) was added to 25 ⁇ l of neutralized hydrolyzate and incubated for 100 min at 70° C. in a thermal cycler.
- HT-PMP 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone high-throughput method
- each EPS variant will be named after the Paenan variants present and not after the gene deletions that lead to the respective phenotype.
- the molecular weight of polymer variants was determined by size exclusion chromatography using an Agilent 1260 Infinity system (Agilent Technologies, Germany) equipped with a refractive index detector (SECcurity GPC1260) and a SECcurity SLD7000 seven-angle static light scattering detector (PSS Polymer Standards Service, Germany ) was equipped.
- SECcurity GPC1260 refractive index detector
- SECcurity SLD7000 seven-angle static light scattering detector PSS Polymer Standards Service, Germany
- 0.5 g/l of each variant was reconstituted in 0.1 M LiNOa and 100 ⁇ l sample was injected into the system at 30 min intervals and using a TSKgel SuperMP(PW)-H precolumn and two consecutive TSKgel SuperMultipore PW-H columns (6.0mm ID x 15cm, TOSOH Bioscience, Germany) at 50°C.
- the depyruvylated polymer also showed a small peak at around 3.0-10 6 Da, but the main molar mass was detected to be significantly higher than that of all other Paenan variants at 8.8-10 6 Da.
- all repeat units of Paenan I appear to be modified with a pyruvate ketal. Consequently, loss of this trait in the TlepsO knockout variant could affect chain length control in P. polymyxa, resulting in increased molecular weight and different rheological behavior.
- pyruvylation can also affect the hydrodynamic radius of the polymer and thus the SEC-MALS analysis.
- rheological Measurements were performed using a MCR 300 stress-controlled rotational rheometer (Anton Paar, Austria) equipped with a CP 50-1 cone-plate measuring system (50 mm diameter, 1° cone angle, 50 pm measuring gap). All measurements except temperature sweeps were performed at 20°C controlled by a TEK 150P temperature unit. After applying the solution to the rheometer, all samples were incubated at 20°C for 5 minutes before starting the measurements. All experiments were performed in technical triplicates.
- Viscosity curves were measured with a logarithmically increased shear rate from 10' 3 to 10 3 /s by measuring 3 data points per decade with a decreasing measurement time of 100-5 s per data point.
- Amplitude sweeps were measured with a logarithmically increasing shear stress amplitude from 10' 1 to 10 3 Pa at a frequency of 1 Hz.
- Frequency sweeps were performed in the linear viscoelastic region (LVE) with a logarithmically increasing frequency from 10' 2 to 10 Hz.
- Temperature sweeps were performed within the LVE at a frequency of 1 Hz using a temperature ramp from 20 to 75 °C with a heating rate of 4 °C/min.
- the rim of the cone and plate measuring system was covered with low-viscosity paraffin oil (Carl Roth, Germany) to prevent evaporation.
- the thixotropic behavior was evaluated by a three-step oscillatory shear sequence.
- samples were subjected to shear stress within the LVE region, followed by high oscillatory shear of 10 3 Pa for 30 s. Structural recovery was then measured over 10 min within the LVE.
- the backbone of Paenan I does not carry a negative charge due to the lack of a uronic acid in the backbone.
- differences in the helical arrangement of Paenan II and Paenan III could explain the strong interactions of Paenan I & III, but not between Paenan I & II and between Paenan II & III, prompting further investigations of the secondary and tertiary polymer structures.
- polymyxa DSM 365 wild-type EPS composition containing Paenan I & II & III is suitable as a sustainable thickener for variable applications that can replace commercially available petroleum-based acrylic compounds.
- Table 6 Viscoelastic properties of the Paenan polymer variants. nb: not determined if measurement was not possible The mixture of Paenan I & III showed gel-like properties very similar to Paenan I & II & III, suggesting that the interaction is mainly between Paenan I and Paenan III.
- Paenan I & II & III showed lower gel strength with yield points at 13.9 Pa and 35.8 Pa with and without the presence of 0.5% NaCl and a less pronounced G" peak at the end of the LVE region in the presence of NaCl.This indicates weaker interactions of these polymers.Investigations of the amplitude sweeps of the individual polymers showed that Paenan I and II both show viscoelastic, liquid-like behavior, while Paenan III only shows purely liquid behavior Without the formation of gel-like networks, the addition of NaCl led to a decrease in G' and G", while Paenan I showed higher salt stability compared to Paenan II.
- polysaccharides of the present invention In contrast to the native polysaccharide composition containing Paenan I & II & III, deletion of individual polymers resulted in significantly altered viscoelastic properties. While the combination of Paenan I & III still showed a distinct intermolecular network leading to a gel-like character, individual biopolymers showed liquid-like behavior that still forms films upon drying. Consequently, there are significantly different applications for the wild-type EPS composition. Thus, one application of the polysaccharides of the present invention is the formation of edible films and packaging materials similar to pullulan. On the other hand, the polysaccharides of the present invention can be used in high value biomedical applications as coating materials in controlled release pharmaceutical systems.
- thixotropic properties were determined by a three-stage oscillatory shear stress test (Table 8). While structural recovery was observed in all Paenan combinatorial variants, only 86.8% of the initial gel strength was measured in the wild-type EPS blend after three minutes of non-destructive shear stressing. This underscores a distinct intermolecular network that requires more time to recover and coordinate noncovalent interactions between individual polymers. Similar effects of delayed structural recovery were observed for polysaccharide compositions with Paenan I & III, confirming the hypothesis that the gel-like character derives mainly from the cation-mediated interaction between the pyruvate of Paenan I and the glucuronic acid residue of Paenan III. In contrast, an immediate structural recovery was observed for all other knock-out variants, leading to the initial gel strength. Consequently, different variants could be applicable as binders imparting thixotropic behavior typically used for paints and coatings with different rheological profiles.
- Table 8 Thixotropic recovery of Paenan variants after a three-stage oscillating shear test. The thixotropic recovery was calculated after 30/90/180 s based on G' relative to the initial values determined in the LVE area, nb: not determined for this variant due to limited LVE range
- both the monomer composition of wild-type Paenan and its rheological properties could be restored by mixing the separately prepared polysaccharides.
- the strong gel properties of the wild-type polymer composition are based on the interaction of the pyruvate group of Paenan I (PI) and the GIcA of Paenan III (Pill).
- PI pyruvate group of Paenan I
- Pill GIcA of Paenan III
- Table 8 shows the viscosities of exemplary polysaccharide mixtures obtained by mixing separately prepared polysaccharides 1:2.
- Apepl denotes a mutation through which the production organism carrying this mutation can no longer produce Paenan III, but only Paenan I and Paenan II.
- a mixture can be produced which is similar to that of the wild-type (WT).
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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CN202280060978.XA CN117980493A (zh) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-08-10 | 由多粘类芽孢杆菌制备的多糖或多糖混合物 |
KR1020247011188A KR20240051282A (ko) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-08-10 | 페니바실러스 폴리믹사에 의해 생성되는 다당류 또는 다당류 혼합물 |
JP2024515362A JP2024532930A (ja) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-08-10 | パエニバシラス・ポリミキサによって産生される多糖または多糖混合物 |
EP22765437.3A EP4399319A1 (de) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-08-10 | Polysaccharid oder polysaccharidmischung, hergestellt durch paenibacillus polymyxa |
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JP (1) | JP2024532930A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20240051282A (de) |
CN (1) | CN117980493A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021123528A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023036546A1 (de) |
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- 2022-08-10 KR KR1020247011188A patent/KR20240051282A/ko unknown
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
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HE XIAOJUAN ET AL: "Effects of an EPS Biosynthesis Gene Cluster of Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 on Biofilm Formation and Nitrogen Fixation under Aerobic Conditions", MICROORGANISMS, vol. 9, no. 2, 1 February 2021 (2021-02-01), pages 289, XP055886225, ISSN: 2076-2607, DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020289 * |
RÜTERING ET AL., SYNTH BIOL (OXF, January 2017 (2017-01-01) |
RÜTERING MARIUS ET AL: "Rheological characterization of the exopolysaccharide Paenan in surfactant systems", CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS , LTD BARKING, GB, vol. 181, 26 November 2017 (2017-11-26), pages 719 - 726, XP085304794, ISSN: 0144-8617, DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2017.11.086 * |
RÜTERING MARIUS ET AL: "Supporting Information Tailor-made Exopolysaccharides - CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing in Paenibacillus polymyxa", 21 December 2017 (2017-12-21), pages 1 - 9, XP055983202, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/synbio/2/1/10.1093_synbio_ysx007/3/ysx007_supp.pdf?Expires=1671984199&Signature=AbpGcyR3m4mploUC3ntWt1wUvX-~YgJpFUFHBXVynkShlqYRy-s7XMBVlAMlHYND-Mo-Wx0xaV9B-NtRPrGDlfZtG6aZ1kpoMxomk8eCpybBg18vHRJdgMhoKR17~2tIE0dPBCg17fxavFPMfQ5hYNx9> [retrieved on 20221120] * |
RÜTERING MARIUS ET AL: "Tailor-made exopolysaccharides-CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing in Paenibacillus polymyxa", SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY, vol. 2, no. 1, 1 January 2017 (2017-01-01), XP055983199, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://academic.oup.com/synbio/article-pdf/2/1/ysx007/33640384/ysx007.pdf> [retrieved on 20221121], DOI: 10.1093/synbio/ysx007 * |
SCHILLING CHRISTOPH ET AL: "Novel Prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas12a-Based Tool for Programmable Transcriptional Activation and Repression", ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY, vol. 9, no. 12, 25 November 2020 (2020-11-25), Washington DC ,USA, pages 3353 - 3363, XP093000712, ISSN: 2161-5063, DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00424 * |
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KR20240051282A (ko) | 2024-04-19 |
DE102021123528A1 (de) | 2023-03-16 |
JP2024532930A (ja) | 2024-09-10 |
EP4399319A1 (de) | 2024-07-17 |
CN117980493A (zh) | 2024-05-03 |
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