WO2023036321A1 - 一种跳频图案指示方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种跳频图案指示方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023036321A1
WO2023036321A1 PCT/CN2022/118257 CN2022118257W WO2023036321A1 WO 2023036321 A1 WO2023036321 A1 WO 2023036321A1 CN 2022118257 W CN2022118257 W CN 2022118257W WO 2023036321 A1 WO2023036321 A1 WO 2023036321A1
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Prior art keywords
frequency hopping
hopping pattern
frequency
terminal device
parameter
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PCT/CN2022/118257
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏帆
王磊
徐修强
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22866782.0A priority Critical patent/EP4383579A1/en
Publication of WO2023036321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023036321A1/zh
Priority to US18/601,463 priority patent/US20240250712A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H04B1/715—Interference-related aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H04B1/7143—Arrangements for generation of hop patterns

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a method and device for indicating a frequency hopping pattern.
  • non-orthogonal multiple access methods need to be considered, that is, multiple users share the same time, frequency, air space and other resources during the communication process.
  • a frequency hopping mechanism can be introduced in the communication system, by allowing users to randomly select different frequency bands in each transmission, To randomize the interference between users, thereby improving the multiple access interference problem in non-orthogonal multiple access.
  • the present application provides a method and device for indicating a frequency hopping pattern, which are used to reduce interference between users.
  • a method for indicating a frequency hopping pattern is provided.
  • the first terminal device acquires first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping pattern, and the first terminal device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the first indication information may indicate one or more frequency hopping patterns.
  • the first terminal device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate multiple frequency hopping patterns (for example, including a first frequency hopping pattern and a second frequency hopping pattern)
  • the first terminal device selects a frequency hopping pattern among the multiple frequency hopping patterns (for example, selects the first one frequency hopping pattern or select a second frequency hopping pattern) for communication.
  • the first terminal device may obtain the first indication information from the network device, or the first terminal device may obtain the first indication information from the first terminal device itself.
  • the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when performing communication at the frequency hopping moment.
  • the first terminal device collides with any other terminal device at most at one frequency hopping time in one cycle, that is, the number of collisions between the first terminal device and any other terminal device in one cycle is at most 1. Therefore, through the instruction and design of the frequency hopping pattern in this method, the number of collisions between users can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing interference between users.
  • one cycle corresponds to more than two frequency hopping moments and more than two frequency bands.
  • a period may refer to the length of a cyclic section of a frequency hopping sequence.
  • the length of the cyclic section of the frequency hopping sequence may be determined according to the maximum number of supported frequency hopping moments.
  • the length of the cyclic section of the frequency hopping sequence may be determined according to the number of supported frequency bands.
  • the first terminal device may communicate with the network device based on a frequency hopping pattern. If the first indication information indicates multiple frequency hopping patterns, the network device may try to receive the information sent by the first terminal device on frequency bands corresponding to the multiple frequency hopping patterns.
  • the collision between the first terminal device and any other terminal device at most one frequency hopping moment in a period can be realized by the property of Euclidean space, where the points in the Euclidean space correspond to the terminal devices, for example, in In the Euclidean space, each frequency hopping moment corresponds to a cluster of parallel lines.
  • the cluster of parallel lines includes multiple parallel segments.
  • Each frequency segment corresponds to (one or more) segments.
  • Each segment includes multiple points. (one or more) point correspondences. Since any two line segments in the Euclidean space have only two positional relationships: intersecting or parallel, and the intersecting line segment has only one corner point, the number of collisions between any two terminal devices within a period can be no more than 1.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is specified by the 3GPP protocol.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is generated by a network device.
  • the first terminal device may receive a frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns from the network device.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is generated by the terminal device.
  • the first terminal device can obtain the first parameter and the second parameter, and generate a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the frequency hopping pattern set includes the above-mentioned frequency hopping pattern (that is, the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information pattern).
  • the first terminal device when it generates a frequency hopping pattern according to the first parameter and the second parameter, it determines the primitive polynomial corresponding to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the primitive polynomial is used to generate the first representation and the second expression, and according to the first expression, determine the first line segment passing through the origin in the first parallel line cluster corresponding to the second frequency hopping moment in each frequency hopping pattern, according to the first expression, the second expression and each the first line segment in the frequency hopping pattern, determine all the second line segments parallel to the first line segment in each first parallel line cluster, according to the first line segment and the second line segment in each first parallel line cluster Each frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set is determined according to the mapping relationship with the point.
  • the first parameter is related to the dimension of the Euclidean space
  • the second parameter is related to the number of points in the Euclidean space.
  • the points on the first line segment represent the terminal devices on the frequency band corresponding to the first line segment, that is, the terminal devices that can occupy the frequency band corresponding to the first line segment.
  • a point on the second line segment represents a terminal device on a frequency band corresponding to the second line segment.
  • the parameters required by the terminal device to generate the frequency hopping pattern may be sent by the network device.
  • the network device sends the second indication information to the first terminal device, where the second indication information includes the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the second indication information may also include one or more of the following information: a primitive polynomial, a set of frequency hopping moments (including the second frequency hopping moment), or a correspondence between terminal devices in the network and midpoints in Euclidean space, and the like.
  • the terminal device may send the generated frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns to the network device.
  • the first indication information may include identification information of a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may be a label of the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may include a signature sequence, and the frequency band granularity of the signature sequence may be resource block level or resource unit level.
  • the first indication information may include a frequency hopping pattern, that is, the first indication information may indicate the frequency hopping pattern itself.
  • the first terminal device when the first terminal device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern, at the first frequency hopping moment, the first terminal device may use the first frequency band corresponding to the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern for communication .
  • the first frequency band is the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device at the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern.
  • a method for indicating a frequency hopping pattern is provided.
  • the network device sends first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping pattern, and the network device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when communicating at the moment of frequency hopping.
  • the first terminal device and any other terminal device collide at most at one moment in one cycle, and one cycle corresponds to more than two frequency hopping moment and more than two frequency bands.
  • the network device communicates with the terminal device (such as the first terminal device) based on the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the first terminal device and any other terminal device collide at most at one moment in a period, including: in the Euclidean space, each frequency hopping moment corresponds to a cluster of parallel lines, and the cluster of parallel lines includes Multiple parallel line segments, each frequency band corresponds to the line segment, each line segment includes multiple points, and the terminal equipment corresponds to the point.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is specified by the 3GPP protocol.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is generated by a network device.
  • the network device may obtain the first parameter and the second parameter, and generate a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the frequency hopping pattern set includes the above-mentioned frequency hopping pattern (that is, the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information) .
  • the primitive polynomial corresponding to the first parameter and the second parameter is determined, and the primitive polynomial is used to generate the first representation and the second representation , and according to the first expression form, determine the first line segment passing through the origin in the first parallel line cluster corresponding to the second frequency hopping moment in each frequency hopping pattern, according to the first expression form, the second expression form and each hopping
  • the first line segment in the frequency pattern determine all the second line segments parallel to the first line segment in each first parallel line cluster, according to the first line segment, the second line segment and the point in each first parallel line cluster
  • the mapping relationship of each frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set is determined.
  • the first parameter is related to the dimension of the Euclidean space
  • the second parameter is related to the number of points in the Euclidean space.
  • the points on the first line segment represent the terminal devices on the frequency band corresponding to the first line segment, that is, the terminal devices that can occupy the frequency band corresponding to the first line segment.
  • a point on the second line segment represents a terminal device on a frequency band corresponding to the second line segment.
  • the network device may send a frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns to the first terminal device.
  • the frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns including the frequency hopping pattern is generated by the terminal device.
  • the network device may send parameters for generating the frequency hopping pattern to the terminal device, for example, the network device sends second indication information to the terminal device, and the second indication information includes one or more of the following information: the first parameter, the second Two parameters, primitive polynomials, frequency hopping time set (including the second frequency hopping time), or the corresponding relationship between terminal equipment in the network and midpoints in Euclidean space, etc.
  • the network device may receive a frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns from the terminal device.
  • the first indication information may include identification information of a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may be a label of the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may include a signature sequence, and the frequency band granularity of the signature sequence may be resource block level or resource unit level.
  • the first indication information may include a frequency hopping pattern, that is, the first indication information may indicate the frequency hopping pattern itself.
  • the network device when the network device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern, at the first frequency hopping moment, the network device may use the first frequency band corresponding to the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern to perform communication.
  • a communication device is provided, and the communication device may be the above-mentioned terminal device or network device, or a chip provided in the terminal device or network device.
  • the communication device may implement the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for implementing the above method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing corresponding software on hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • a communication device including a transceiver unit.
  • the communication device further includes a processing unit.
  • the communication device may implement the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled or decoupled from the memory, and can be used to execute instructions in the memory, so that the device executes the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes an interface circuit, and the processor is coupled to the interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit may be a code/data read-write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer-executed instructions (computer-executed instructions are stored in the memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor , so that the processor executes computer-executed instructions to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system.
  • a communication device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, and can receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • processors there are one or more processors, and one or more memories.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor, or the memory can be set separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be respectively arranged in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the configuration of the memory and the processor.
  • a non-transitory memory such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM)
  • ROM read only memory
  • the communication device can be a chip, and the processor can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processing
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, and may be implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory.
  • the memory may be integrated in the processor, or it may be located outside the processor and exist independently.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is used to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a chip
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example but not limited to, the receiver
  • the output signal of the output circuit may be, for example but not limited to, output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter
  • the circuit may be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit respectively at different times.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a communication device including: a logic circuit and an input-output interface, the input-output interface is used to communicate with a module other than the communication device; the logic circuit is used to run a computer program to execute any of the above aspects. described method.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device or network device in the first aspect or the second aspect above, or a device including the above terminal device or network device, or a device included in the above terminal device or network device, such as a chip.
  • the input/output interface may be a code/data read/write interface circuit, and the input/output interface is used to receive a computer program (the computer program is stored in the memory, may be directly read from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit it to the An input and output interface, so that the input and output interface runs a computer program to perform the method described in any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device may be a chip.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or an instruction), which, when the computer program is executed, causes the computer to perform the above-mentioned first or second aspect.
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) when it is run on a computer, so that the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect or the second aspect method in .
  • a chip system in an eleventh aspect, includes a processor and an interface, configured to support a communication device to implement the functions involved in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary information and data of the aforementioned communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a functional entity is provided, and the functional entity is used to implement the methods in the first aspect to the second aspect above.
  • a communication system including the terminal device and the network device in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the technical effect brought about by any one of the design methods from the third aspect to the thirteenth aspect can refer to the technical effect brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping pattern indication process provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping pattern design provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application presents various aspects, embodiments or features in terms of a system that can include a number of devices, components, modules and the like. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the communication system applied in the embodiment of the present application may be various communication systems, such as Internet of things (Internet of things, IoT), narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT), 4G system , long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD), can also be the fifth generation (5G) communication system, and It can be a hybrid architecture of LTE and 5G, it can also be a 5G NR system, and new communication systems such as 6G that will emerge in future communication development.
  • IoT Internet of things
  • NB-IoT narrowband Internet of things
  • 4G system long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD)
  • 5G fifth generation
  • It can be a hybrid architecture of LTE and 5G, it can also be a 5G NR system, and new communication systems such
  • the 5G communication system described in this embodiment of the present application may include at least one of a non-standalone (NSA) 5G communication system and a standalone (standalone, SA) 5G communication system.
  • the communication system may also be a public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) network, a device-to-device (device-to-device, D2D) network, a machine-to-machine (machine to machine, M2M) network or other networks.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • the communication system may also include a satellite communication system, or a communication system in which the above-mentioned communication system and the satellite communication system are mixed.
  • UE User equipment
  • terminal equipment is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can communicate with one or more Core network (core network, CN) devices communicate.
  • Core network Core network
  • User equipment may also be called an access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, user agent, or user device, among others.
  • User equipment can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as on aircraft, balloons, and satellites, etc.).
  • the user equipment can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a smart phone, a mobile phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) Station, personal digital assistant (PDA), etc.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the user equipment may also be a handheld device with a wireless communication function, a computing device or other equipment connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a drone device or a terminal in the Internet of Things, the Internet of Vehicles, a 5G network, and Terminals in any form in the future network, relay user equipment, or terminals in the future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc.
  • the relay user equipment may be, for example, a 5G residential gateway (residential gateway, RG).
  • the user equipment can be a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in self driving (self driving), telemedicine Wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, and smart home wireless terminals, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type or category of the terminal device.
  • a network device refers to a device that can provide a wireless access function for a terminal.
  • the network device may support at least one wireless communication technology, such as long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), new radio (new radio, NR) and the like.
  • the network device may include an access network device.
  • the network equipment includes but is not limited to: a next-generation base station or a next-generation node B (generation nodeB, gNB), an evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB) in a 5G network, and a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved node B, or home node B, HNB ), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), transmitting and receiving point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmitting point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, small station, micro station, etc.
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • home base station for example, home
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU), and/or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario, or the network device may It is a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a terminal, a wearable device, a network device in future mobile communications or a network device in a future evolved PLMN, etc.
  • Network equipment may also include core network equipment.
  • the core network device may include a session management function (session management function, SMF) and the like.
  • SMF session management function
  • a frequency hopping pattern also called a frequency hopping sequence, is used to indicate the frequency band selection at the time of frequency hopping. If multiple devices (generally, multiple terminal devices) select the same frequency band at the same frequency hopping moment, it is considered that a collision has occurred between the multiple devices.
  • Euclidean space which can be a two-dimensional space or a higher-dimensional space.
  • the points in the Euclidean space can correspond to the terminal devices in the network one by one.
  • any two line segments have only two positional relationships: intersecting or parallel, and two intersecting line segments have only one intersection point. Therefore, using this property in the Euclidean space, the frequency hopping pattern can be designed such that the maximum number of collisions between the frequency hopping patterns of any two terminal devices is 1.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and multiple refers to two or more.
  • a possible communication system architecture includes one or more network devices (such as the base station in FIG. 1 ), and one or more terminal devices (such as UE1-UE6 in FIG. 1 ).
  • the base station can send data to UE1-UE6, and UE1-UE6 can also send uplink data to the base station.
  • UE4, UE5 and UE6 may form a communication system.
  • the base station can send downlink data to UE1, UE2, UE5, etc., and UE5 can forward the downlink data to UE4 and UE6.
  • UE5 may serve as a relay node to forward data between the UE and the base station.
  • the relay node can be deployed in a single-hop (Single-hop) or multi-hop (Multi-hop) relay system, and the form of the relay node can be customer-premises equipment (CPE), small cell, access Integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, DU, terminal equipment, TRP, etc.
  • CPE customer-premises equipment
  • IAB access Integrated access and backhaul
  • a frequency hopping mechanism can be introduced in the communication system, by making users Randomly select different frequency bands to randomize the interference between users, thereby improving the multiple access interference problem in non-orthogonal multiple access.
  • Intra-slot frequency hopping applies to single-slot or multi-slot physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission scenarios
  • cross-slot frequency hopping applies to multi-slot PUSCH transmission scenarios.
  • the starting resource block (resource block, RB) position of each frequency hopping can be calculated by the following formula (1).
  • RB start indicates the starting RB position of the uplink bandwidth part (BWP), which can be determined by resource block configuration information of resource allocation type 1
  • RB offset represents the frequency domain offset between two frequency hops, Indicates the frequency band size occupied by the communication bandwidth part.
  • the slot The starting RB position of can be calculated by the following formula (2).
  • the design of the above frequency hopping pattern is relatively simple, there are only two frequency hopping moments in the time domain, and there are only two frequency bands in the frequency domain.
  • the number of users connected to the network is large, there are still a large number of interfering users on each frequency band, and the interference between users is relatively large.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for indicating a frequency hopping pattern, which can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 and can be applied to single-user or multi-user data transmission scenarios under the communication system.
  • the network device may indicate a frequency hopping pattern to the first terminal device, and the first terminal device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern, and the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when communicating at the time of frequency hopping , where the first terminal device collides with any other terminal device at most one frequency hopping moment in one period, and the first period corresponds to more than two frequency hopping moments and more than two frequency bands, so the interference between users can be reduced .
  • the collision means that two terminal devices select the same frequency band at the same frequency hopping moment, and the two terminal devices that collide may interfere with each other. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, by reducing the number of collisions between terminal devices, it is possible to reduce Interference between devices (i.e. users).
  • Figure 2 is a possible frequency hopping pattern indication method provided by the embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
  • S201 The first terminal device acquires first indication information.
  • the first terminal device may obtain the first indication information from the network device, that is, the network device may send the first indication information.
  • the first indication information includes the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the terminal device stores the correspondence between the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern and the frequency hopping pattern; or the first indication information may include the frequency hopping pattern, that is, the first The indication information may indicate the frequency hopping pattern itself, and at this time, the terminal device may store the frequency hopping pattern or may not store the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may include the label of the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set, or may include a signature sequence, and the frequency band granularity of the signature sequence may be resource block level or resource unit level.
  • the identification information about the frequency hopping icon will be described below.
  • Scenario 1 a scheduled uplink data transmission scenario.
  • the network device sends the first indication information to the first terminal device, and the first terminal device activates and sends data according to the schedule of the network device.
  • the network device may send corresponding indication information to each terminal device to indicate the frequency hopping pattern.
  • Scenario 2 a preconfigured (configured) uplink data transmission scenario.
  • the network device sends the first indication information to the first terminal device, and the first terminal device randomly activates and sends data when data arrives.
  • Scenario 3 In an uplink data transmission scenario based on random selection, the network device broadcasts multiple frequency hopping patterns to the first terminal device, and the first terminal device performs random activation when data arrives, and among the multiple frequency hopping patterns Randomly select a frequency hopping pattern to send data.
  • the first indication information may indicate identification information of one or more frequency hopping patterns, and the terminal device selects a frequency hopping pattern corresponding to the identification information.
  • the one or more frequency hopping patterns may belong to a frequency hopping pattern set.
  • the first indication information may be preconfigured or stipulated in a protocol in the first terminal device, and the first terminal device may acquire the first indication information from the first terminal device itself.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping pattern, and the frequency hopping pattern can be understood as a frequency hopping sequence, and is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when performing communication at the frequency hopping moment.
  • the frequency band indicated by the frequency hopping pattern (ie, the frequency band of the frequency hopping pattern in the frequency domain) may be a continuous frequency band or a discontinuous frequency band, and one frequency band may include one or more frequency points.
  • the frequency point may be at the resource block RB level or at the resource element (resource element, RE) level.
  • the granularity of the frequency hopping pattern in the time domain may be one or more orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, OFDM) symbols, or may be one or more time slots.
  • the first terminal device collides with any other terminal device at most at one moment in one cycle, and one cycle corresponds to more than two frequency hopping moments and more than two frequency bands.
  • each frequency hopping moment corresponds to (one or more) parallel line clusters
  • each frequency band corresponds to (one or more) line segments
  • a parallel line cluster includes multiple parallel line segments
  • each line segment includes a number of points
  • the (one or more) terminal devices correspond to points in Euclidean space.
  • Collision between two terminal devices means that two terminal devices select the same frequency band at the same frequency hopping moment.
  • the design of the frequency hopping pattern in the embodiment of this application can make the maximum number of collisions between different terminal devices flexible.
  • the maximum number of collisions between internal terminal devices is 1.
  • multiple cycles can be spliced and combined to flexibly configure the maximum number of collisions between terminal devices.
  • the frequency hopping pattern can utilize frequency domain diversity as much as possible to further effectively improve the reliability of the communication system.
  • a period may refer to the length of a cyclic section of a frequency hopping sequence.
  • the length of the cyclic section of the frequency hopping sequence can be determined according to the maximum number of frequency hopping moments supported, and the maximum number of frequency hopping moments supported can be represented by elements in the set of frequency hopping moments, for example, the maximum frequency hopping supported
  • the number of time is 5, a frequency hopping time set can include 5 elements T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, at this time, a cycle can include 5 frequency hopping time, respectively T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 , and each frequency hopping moment corresponds to a frequency band (generally corresponds to one frequency band).
  • the length of the cyclic section of the frequency hopping sequence can be determined according to the number of supported frequency bands, and the number of supported frequency bands can be represented by the number of elements in the frequency band set.
  • the number of supported frequency bands can be represented by the number of elements in the frequency band set.
  • 4 frequency bands are supported, and a frequency band set can be It includes 4 elements of F1, F2, F3 and F4.
  • 4 frequency bands can be included in one cycle, and each frequency band corresponds to a frequency hopping moment (generally, multiple frequency hopping moments can be used). It can be understood that there is no limit to the maximum number of frequency hopping moments and frequency bands supported in this application.
  • the first terminal device performs communication based on the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information.
  • the network device may perform communication based on the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information.
  • the network device and the terminal device communicate by using the first frequency band corresponding to the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the network device and the terminal device store a frequency hopping pattern or a set of frequency hopping patterns (including one or more frequency hopping patterns).
  • the frequency hopping pattern or the frequency hopping pattern set may be specified by the 3GPP protocol, or may be generated by the network device, or may be generated by the terminal device.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses the frequency hopping pattern set as an example for illustration.
  • the frequency hopping pattern set generated by the network device or the terminal device can reduce the storage overhead of the network device and the terminal device, and the frequency hopping pattern has a pseudo-random characteristic.
  • Mode 1 The frequency hopping pattern is generated by a network device.
  • the network device acquires the first parameter and the second parameter, and the network device can generate a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the frequency hopping pattern set includes one or more frequency hopping patterns, and the one or more frequency hopping patterns It includes the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information.
  • the network device may send the generated frequency hopping pattern set to the terminal device.
  • the first parameter is related to the dimension of the Euclidean space.
  • the second parameter is related to a point in Euclidean space, which corresponds to a terminal device.
  • a point in the Euclidean space may correspond to a terminal device in the network one-to-one.
  • the network device may determine the first parameter and the second parameter according to the number of frequency bands, the number of terminal devices in the network, and the number of frequency hopping times.
  • the network device When the network device generates a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, it includes the following steps:
  • the network device determines a primitive polynomial corresponding to the first parameter and the second parameter, wherein the primitive polynomial is used to generate the first representation and the second representation, specifically, the primitive polynomial is used to generate the first representation of each point form and the second representation.
  • the following table 1.1 shows the power representation, polynomial representation and binary representation corresponding to 16 points, wherein the first representation and the second representation are two of the power representation, polynomial representation and binary representation
  • the first representation is a power representation
  • the second representation is a binary representation.
  • Table 1.1 in the embodiment of the present application is only an example and does not constitute a limitation on the representation form. There may be more or less representation forms in Table 1.1. For example, each representation form in Table 1.1 may be split or combined. wait.
  • power representation polynomial representation Binary representation of a 4-dimensional vector 0 0 (0000) 1 1 (1000) a a (0100) a 2 a 2 (0010) a 3 a 3 (0001) a 4 1+a (1100) a 5 a+a 2 (0110) a 6 a 2 +a 3 (0011) a 7 1+a+a 3 (1101) a 8 1+a 2 (1010) a 9 a+a 3 (0101)
  • the network device determines the first line segment passing through the origin in the first parallel line cluster corresponding to the second frequency hopping moment in each frequency hopping pattern, wherein the point on the first line segment indicates that the first line segment corresponds to Terminal equipment on the frequency band.
  • the network device can determine the first line segment in each frequency hopping pattern according to the first representation and the second representation, for example, the first value can be added on the basis of formula (2), where The first value may be p 0 .
  • the network device determines all second line segments parallel to the first line segments in each first parallel line cluster according to the first representation form and the second representation form and the first line segment in each frequency hopping pattern. For example, for the parallel line cluster t ⁇ [1,T] at the second frequency hopping time t, the network device can calculate the remaining 2 (m-1)s -1 parallel to the first line segment l 0 through the following formula (4): second line segments, and the points contained on each second line segment.
  • the frequency hopping pattern is mainly generated based on GF(2 s ), and the generation process of Galois fields of other prime powers (ie GF(p s ), where p is a prime number) is similar.
  • the network device determines each frequency hopping pattern in the frequency hopping pattern set according to the mapping relationship between the first line segment and the second line segment and point in each first parallel line cluster.
  • the network device When the network device generates a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, it includes the following steps:
  • the primitive polynomial is used to generate the mapping relationship between the first representation and the second representation of each point in GF(2 ms ), where the first representation is a power representation, and the second representation is a binary vector.
  • Table 1.3 shows the power representation and binary vector representation corresponding to 16 user points, where user IDs 1 to 16 represent 16 user points respectively.
  • User ID power representation Binary representation of a 4-dimensional vector 1 0 (0000) 2 1 (1000) 3 a (0100) 4 a 2 (0010) 5 a 3 (0001) 6 a 4 (1100) 7 a 5 (0110) 8 a 6 (0011) 9 a 7 (1101) 10 a 8 (1010) 11 a 9 (0101) 12 a 10 (1110) 13 a 11 (0111) 14 a 12 (1111) 15 a 13 (1011) 16 a 14 (1001)
  • Step 2 Determine the user set U r,t ,r ⁇ 1 mapped to the rest of the frequency bands at time t ⁇ [1,T max ].
  • B r,t look up the corresponding user ID from Table 1.3, which is the 2 s user set U r, t mapped to frequency band r at time t.
  • Mode 2 The frequency hopping pattern is generated by the terminal device.
  • the network device may send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information is used to indicate parameters for generating the frequency hopping pattern set.
  • the second indication information includes one or more of the following: first parameter m, second parameter s, primitive polynomial P(X), frequency hopping time set
  • the corresponding relationship between the terminal device and the midpoint of the Euclidean space in the network that is, the label of the corresponding point of the terminal device in the Euclidean space).
  • the sorting of the frequency hopping time may correspond to any sorting of the parallel line clusters, which is not limited here, for example, may be indicated by the network device to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may send the generated frequency hopping pattern set to the network device.
  • Mode 3 The frequency hopping pattern is specified by the 3GPP protocol.
  • the generated parallel line clusters are shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the 16 points in the European space correspond to 16 UEs respectively, and the 4 parallel line segments in each parallel line cluster correspond to the frequency bands F1-F4 respectively.
  • the UEs on F1 are represented by white-filled circles, and the UEs on F2 are represented by black-filled circles.
  • the UE on F3 is represented by a circle filled with slashes
  • the UE on F4 is represented by a circle filled with grids.
  • the UE can select the corresponding frequency band for communication at a frequency hopping moment according to the label of its corresponding point in the Euclidean space.
  • UEs that select frequency band F1 include UE1, UE5, UE9, and UE13
  • UEs that select frequency band F2 include UE2, UE6, and UE10 and UE14
  • the UEs that select frequency band F3 include UE3, UE7, UE11, and UE15
  • the UEs that select frequency band F4 include UE4, UE8, UE12, and UE16.
  • UEs that select frequency band F1 include UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4, and UEs that select frequency band F2 include UE5, UE6, and UE7 and UE8, the UEs that select the frequency band F3 include UE9, UE10, UE11, and UE12, and the UEs that select the frequency band F4 include UE13, UE14, UE15, and UE16.
  • UEs that select frequency band F1 include UE1, UE6, UE11, and UE16
  • UEs that select frequency band F2 include UE2, UE7, and UE12 and UE13
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F3 include UE3, UE8, UE9, and UE14
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F4 include UE4, UE5, UE10, and UE15.
  • UEs that select frequency band F1 include UE1, UE7, UE9, and UE15
  • UEs that select frequency band F2 include UE2, UE8, and UE10 and UE16
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F3 include UE3, UE5, UE11, and UE13
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F4 include UE4, UE6, UE12, and UE14.
  • UEs that select frequency band F1 include UE4, UE7, UE10, and UE13, and UEs that select frequency band F2 include UE3, UE6, and UE9 and UE16
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F3 include UE2, UE5, UE12, and UE15
  • the UEs that select the frequency band F4 include UE1, UE8, UE11, and UE14.
  • each parallel line cluster the corresponding relationship between line segments and frequency bands is not unique.
  • the line segment including the circle filled with white corresponds to F2
  • the line segment including the circle filled with oblique lines corresponds to F1
  • the circle including the grid fill corresponds to F3
  • the line segment including the black-filled circle corresponds to F4.
  • different parallel line clusters may adopt different mapping methods, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the frequency bands selected by each UE at different frequency hopping times are F2, F1, F2, F2 and F3 respectively.
  • Table 2 gives the frequency hopping patterns corresponding to 16 UEs in the Euclidean space, where the first row in the table represents the frequency hopping time, and each of the remaining rows represents a frequency hopping pattern, and the first column in Table 2 represents the UE’s
  • the label, the second column to the sixth column correspond to the frequency bands at different frequency hopping times.
  • Table 2 in the embodiment of the present application is only an example, and does not constitute a limitation on users (or terminal devices), frequency hopping time and frequency bands.
  • the users (or terminal devices) in Table 2 frequency hopping time and frequency bands can be more or less.
  • the first column in Table 2 may be replaced by the label of the frequency hopping pattern, as shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 shows 16 frequency hopping patterns in the Euclidean space, wherein the first row in the table represents the frequency hopping time, and each of the remaining rows represents a frequency hopping pattern, the first column in Table 3 represents the label of the frequency hopping pattern, and the second column
  • the sixth column corresponds to the frequency bands at different frequency hopping moments. It can be understood that Table 3 of the embodiment of the present application is only an example, and does not limit the label, frequency hopping time and frequency band of the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the label, frequency hopping time and frequency band of the frequency hopping pattern in Table 3 can be more or less.
  • any two line segments have only two positional relationships: intersecting or parallel, and the two intersecting line segments have only one intersection point, so any two frequency hopping patterns can be made in one cycle (T1-T5 in Figure 2 is a cycle ) does not have more than 1 internal collision.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern may be a signature sequence.
  • the network device may indicate the following signature sequence S i to the terminal device based on the frequency hopping pattern:
  • i represents the i-th terminal device/frequency hopping pattern
  • the row of the signature sequence represents the frequency band
  • the column represents the frequency hopping time.
  • An element of 1 means that a frequency band is selected at a frequency hopping time
  • an element of 0 means that there is no selection at a frequency hopping time a frequency band.
  • the S i represents the i-th user equipment, and the frequency band selection at five frequency hopping moments is RB2 (frequency point F2), RB1 (frequency point F1), RB4 (frequency point F4), RB3 (frequency point F3) and RB1 ( frequency point F1).
  • the network device may indicate the following signature sequence S i to the terminal device based on the frequency hopping pattern:
  • i represents the i-th terminal device/frequency hopping pattern
  • the row of the signature sequence represents the frequency band
  • the column represents the frequency hopping time.
  • An element of 1 means that a frequency band is selected at a frequency hopping time
  • an element of 0 means that there is no selection at a frequency hopping time a frequency band.
  • the S i represents the i-th user equipment, and selects RE4-RE6 (frequency point F2), RE1-RE3 (frequency point F1), RE10-RE12 (frequency point F4), RE7-RE9 ( frequency F3) and RE1-RE3 (frequency F1).
  • the signature sequence can be a sparse sequence.
  • the non-zero element 1 is used to indicate that the terminal device supports one or more (that is, element 1 can correspond to one or more RBs), continuous or non-continuous resources in the frequency domain (that is, whether the resources can be continuous or discontinuous in the frequency domain, this When the 1 of each column in the second signature matrix can be discontinuous) selection.
  • block error rate (block error rate, BLER) of the frequency hopping pattern indication method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below in combination with the simulation results.
  • the frequency hopping indication provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • the BLER of the terminal device under random frequency hopping (Random Hopping) or according to the instruction frequency hopping (Proposed Hopping) is higher than that of the current frequency-division multiplexing ((frequency-division multiplexing, FDM) and non-orthogonal multiple access
  • the BLER under the combined mode of access (nonorthogonal multiple access, NOMA) is lower.
  • the terminal device under Random Hopping or Proposed Hopping are lower than those of the current FDM+NOMA combination.
  • the frequency hopping pattern indication method provided by the embodiment of the present application has a large performance gain under both ideal channel estimation and actual channel estimation, and the communication reliability is higher.
  • the network device may indicate a frequency hopping pattern to the first terminal device, and the first terminal device communicates based on the frequency hopping pattern, and the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency occupied by the first terminal device when communicating at the frequency hopping moment.
  • the frequency band where the first terminal device and any other terminal device collide at most at one frequency hopping time within a cycle, the number of collisions between users can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing interference between users.
  • the method and/or steps implemented by the network device may also be implemented by a component (such as a chip or circuit) that can be used for the network device, and the method and/or steps implemented by the terminal device may also be implemented by Can be implemented by components available for terminal equipment.
  • a component such as a chip or circuit
  • the sending end and the receiving end may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and realize the above-mentioned functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module . Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 6 is a possible representation of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 600 may be used to implement functions or steps implemented by a network device or a terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device may include a processing unit 601 and a transceiver unit 602 .
  • a storage unit may also be included, and the storage unit may be used to store instructions (code or program) and/or data.
  • the processing unit 601 and the transceiver unit 602 may be coupled to the storage unit, for example, the processing unit 601 may read instructions (code or program) and/or data in the storage unit to implement corresponding methods.
  • Each of the above units can be set independently, or can be partially or fully integrated.
  • the communication apparatus 600 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiving unit 602 is configured to acquire first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the processing unit 601 is configured to determine first indication information.
  • the transceiver unit 602 is also configured to perform communication based on a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when communicating at the frequency hopping moment.
  • the first terminal device and any other terminal device collide at most at one frequency hopping moment in one cycle, and one cycle corresponds to two frequency bands.
  • each frequency hopping moment corresponds to a cluster of parallel lines
  • the cluster of parallel lines includes a plurality of line segments parallel to each other
  • each frequency segment corresponds to a line segment
  • each line segment includes a plurality of points
  • End devices correspond to points.
  • the first indication information includes identification information of a frequency hopping pattern; or the first indication information includes a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern includes a signature sequence
  • the frequency band granularity of the signature sequence is a resource block level or a resource unit level.
  • the transceiver unit 602 is specifically configured to, at the first frequency hopping moment, use the first frequency band corresponding to the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern to perform communication.
  • the communications apparatus 600 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the network devices in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 601 is configured to determine first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the transceiver unit 602 is configured to send first indication information, and perform communication based on a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the frequency hopping pattern is used to indicate the frequency band occupied by the first terminal device when communicating at the frequency hopping moment.
  • the first terminal device and any other terminal device collide at most at one frequency hopping moment in one cycle, and one cycle corresponds to two frequency bands.
  • each frequency hopping moment corresponds to a cluster of parallel lines
  • the cluster of parallel lines includes a plurality of line segments parallel to each other
  • each frequency segment corresponds to a line segment
  • each line segment includes a plurality of points
  • End devices correspond to points.
  • the processing unit 601 is further configured to obtain the first parameter and the second parameter; generate a frequency hopping pattern set according to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the frequency hopping pattern set includes a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the first The first parameter is related to the dimension of the Euclidean space, the second parameter is related to the number of points in the Euclidean space, and the points in the Euclidean space correspond to the terminal equipment.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine a primitive polynomial corresponding to the first parameter and the second parameter, and the primitive polynomial is used to generate the first representation and the second representation; according to the first representation, Determine the first line segment passing through the origin in the first parallel line cluster corresponding to the second frequency hopping moment in each frequency hopping pattern, and the point on the first line segment represents the terminal device on the frequency band corresponding to the first line segment; according to the first line segment The first representation form, the second representation form and the first line segment in each frequency hopping pattern, determine all second line segments parallel to the first line segment in each first parallel line cluster; according to each first parallel line cluster Each frequency hopping pattern is determined by the mapping relationship between the first line segment and the second line segment and points in .
  • the first indication information includes identification information of a frequency hopping pattern; or the first indication information includes a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the identification information of the frequency hopping pattern includes a signature sequence
  • the frequency band granularity of the signature sequence is a resource block level or a resource unit level.
  • the transceiver unit 602 is specifically configured to, at the first frequency hopping moment, use the first frequency band corresponding to the first frequency hopping moment in the frequency hopping pattern to perform communication.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application It can be integrated in one processing unit, or physically exist separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the integrated unit can be stored in a storage medium as a computer software product, including several instructions to make a computer device (it can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) Execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • processing unit in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by a processor/processing circuit or a processor/processing circuit-related circuit component
  • transceiver unit may be implemented by a transceiver/transceiving interface or a transceiver/transceiving interface-related circuit component or a communication interface accomplish.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 700 .
  • the apparatus 700 may be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments, and reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the Apparatus 700 includes one or more processors 701 .
  • the processor 701 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor or the like.
  • it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, terminals, or chips, etc.), execute software programs, and process data of software programs.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver unit for inputting (receiving) and outputting (sending) signals.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, a radio frequency chip, and the like.
  • the apparatus 700 includes one or more processors 701, and the one or more processors 701 can implement the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • processor 701 may also implement other functions in addition to implementing the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the processor 701 may execute instructions, so that the apparatus 700 executes the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the instructions may be stored in whole or in part in the processor, such as instruction 703, or may be stored in whole or in part in the memory 702 coupled to the processor, such as instruction 704, and the instructions 703 and 704 may jointly cause the device 700 to execute the above method. method described in the example.
  • Instructions 703 are also referred to as computer programs.
  • the communication device 700 may also include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the functions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the device 700 may include one or more memories 702 on which instructions 704 are stored, and the instructions may be executed on a processor, so that the device 700 executes the methods described in the above method embodiments.
  • data may also be stored in the memory.
  • Instructions and/or data may also be stored in the optional processor.
  • one or more memories 702 may store the correspondence described in the foregoing embodiments, or the relevant parameters or tables involved in the foregoing embodiments, and the like. Processor and memory can be set separately or integrated together.
  • the apparatus 700 may further include a transceiver 705 and an antenna 706 .
  • the processor 701 may be called a processing unit, and controls the device (terminal or base station).
  • the transceiver 705 may be called a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver unit, etc., and is used to realize the transceiver function of the device through the antenna 706 .
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above-mentioned method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other available Program logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • Program logic devices discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the method described in the above-mentioned method embodiment is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the method described in the foregoing method embodiments when the computer program product is executed by a computer.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, and the communication system includes a network device and a terminal device.
  • Network devices and terminal devices can implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • a computer can be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. Available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or semiconductor media (eg, SSD), etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned processing device may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or by software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in the memory, and the memory may be integrated in the processor, or located outside the processor, and exist independently.
  • the processing unit 601 or the processor 701 may be one or more logic circuits, transmitting and receiving
  • the unit 602 or the transceiver 705 may be an input-output interface, or called a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, or the like.
  • the transceiver 705 can also be a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit can be an output interface, and the receiving unit can be an input interface, and the sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one unit, such as an input and output interface. As shown in FIG.
  • a communication device 800 includes a logic circuit 801 and an input and output interface 802 . That is, the above-mentioned processing unit 601 or processor 701 may be implemented by a logic circuit 801 , and the transceiver unit 602 or transceiver 705 may be implemented by an input/output interface 802 .
  • the logic circuit 801 may be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc.
  • the input and output interface 802 may be a communication interface, an input and output interface, and the like.
  • the logic circuit and the input/output interface may also be coupled to each other. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection manner of the logic circuit and the input/output interface.
  • the logic circuit and the input/output interface may be used to perform the functions or operations performed by the above-mentioned network device or terminal device.
  • the logic circuit 801 is configured to acquire first indication information.
  • the input and output interface 802 is configured to perform communication based on the frequency hopping pattern indicated by the first indication information.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and a component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种跳频图案指示方法及装置，用以减少用户之间的干扰。在该方法中，网络设备可以向第一终端设备指示跳频图案，第一终端设备基于该跳频图案进行通信，跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，其中第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，第一周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。

Description

一种跳频图案指示方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年09月13日提交中华人民共和国国家知识产权局、申请号为202111070717.X、申请名称为“一种跳频图案指示方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种跳频图案指示方法及装置。
背景技术
随着物联网等应用的不断普及，网络中接入用户的数量将以几何级数增长。在频谱等通信资源有限的背景下，需要考虑非正交的多址接入方式，即多个用户在通信过程中共享相同的时、频、空域等资源。在非正交多址接入中，由于用户共享相同的通信资源，为了解决多用户间干扰问题，可以在通信系统中引入跳频机制，通过使用户在每次传输中随机选择不同的频带，来随机化用户间的干扰，进而改善在非正交多址接入中的多址干扰问题。
目前第三代移动通信伙伴项目(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)协议中，在设计跳频图案时，在时域只有两个跳频时刻，频域则只存在两个频点。当网络中接入用户数较多时，每个频段上仍然具有大量的干扰用户，用户之间的干扰较大。
发明内容
本申请提供一种跳频图案指示方法及装置，用以减少用户之间的干扰。
第一方面，提供一种跳频图案指示方法。在该方法中，第一终端设备获取第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案，第一终端设备基于跳频图案进行通信。
第一指示信息可以指示一个或多个跳频图案。在第一指示信息用于指示一个跳频图案时，第一终端设备基于该跳频图案进行通信。在第一指示信息用于指示多个跳频图案(例如包括第一跳频图案和第二跳频图案)时，第一终端设备在多个跳频图案中选择一个跳频图案(例如选择第一跳频图案或者选择第二跳频图案)进行通信。
其中第一终端设备可以从网络设备中获取第一指示信息，或者第一终端设备可以从第一终端设备自身获取第一指示信息。
跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段。第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，也就是说，在一个周期内第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备发生碰撞的次数最多为1。因此在该方法中通过跳频图案的指示和设计，可以使得用户之间的发生碰撞的次数尽可能少，从而减少用户之间的干扰。
两个终端设备之间有碰撞，指两个终端设备在同一个跳频时刻选择了相同的频段。
在该方法中，一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。一个周期可以是指跳频序列的循环节的长度。一种可能的方式中，跳频序列的循环节的长度可以根据支持的最大跳频时刻数确定。另一种可能的方式中，跳频序列的循环节的长度可以根据支持的 频段的数量确定。
示例的，第一终端设备可以基于跳频图案，与网络设备进行通信。如果第一指示信息指示了多个跳频图案，网络设备可以在多个跳频图案对应的频段上尝试接收第一终端设备发送的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞可以通过欧式空间的性质实现，其中欧式空间中的点与终端设备对应，例如在欧式空间中，每个跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个频段与(一条或多条)线段对应，每条线段包括多个点，终端设备与(一个或多个)点对应。由于欧式空间中的任意两条线段只有相交或平行两种位置关系，相交的线段只有一个角点，因此可以使得任意两个终端设备在一个周期内发生碰撞的次数不超过1。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由3GPP协议规定。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由网络设备生成。
可选的，第一终端设备可以接收来自网络设备的跳频图案或跳频图案集合。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由终端设备生成。
第一终端设备可以获取第一参数和第二参数，根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，该跳频图案集合包括上述跳频图案(即第一指示信息所指示的跳频图案)。
具体而言，第一终端设备根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案时，确定第一参数和第二参数对应的本原多项式，本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式，以及根据第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，根据第一表示形式、第二表示形式和每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于第一线段的第二线段，根据每个第一平行线簇中的第一线段、第二线段和点的映射关系，确定跳频图案集合中的每个跳频图案。
第一参数与欧式空间维数相关，第二参数与欧式空间中的点数有关。第一线段上的点表示在第一线段对应频段上的终端设备，即可以占用第一线段对应频段上的终端设备。第二线段上的点表示第二线段对应频段上的终端设备。
可选的，终端设备生成跳频图案所需的参数可以由网络设备发送。例如网络设备向第一终端设备发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息包括第一参数和第二参数。第二指示信息还可以包括以下一种或多种信息：本原多项式、跳频时刻集合(包括第二跳频时刻)、或网络中终端设备与欧式空间中点的对应关系等。
可选的，终端设备可以将生成的跳频图案或跳频图案集合发送给网络设备。
在一种可能的设计中，第一指示信息可以包括跳频图案的标识信息。
跳频图案的标识信息可以是跳频图案在跳频图案集合中的标号。
或者跳频图案的标识信息可以包括签名序列，该签名序列的频带粒度可以为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
在一种可能的设计中，第一指示信息可以包括跳频图案，即第一指示信息可以指示跳频图案本身。
在一种可能的设计中，第一终端设备基于跳频图案进行通信时，在第一跳频时刻时，第一终端设备可以采用跳频图案中第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
第一频段即为跳频图案中在第一跳频时刻，第一终端设备占用的频段。
第二方面，提供一种跳频图案指示方法。在该方法中，网络设备发送第一指示信息， 第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案，网络设备基于跳频图案进行通信。
跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个时刻有碰撞，一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
示例的，网络设备基于跳频图案，与终端设备(如第一终端设备)进行通信。
在一种可能的设计中，第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个时刻有碰撞，包括：在欧式空间中，每个跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个频段与线段对应，每条线段包括多个点，终端设备与点对应。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由3GPP协议规定。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由网络设备生成。
网络设备可以获取第一参数和第二参数，根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，该跳频图案集合包括上述跳频图案(即第一指示信息所指示的跳频图案)。
具体而言，网络设备根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案时，确定第一参数和第二参数对应的本原多项式，本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式，以及根据第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，根据第一表示形式、第二表示形式和每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于第一线段的第二线段，根据每个第一平行线簇中的第一线段、第二线段和点的映射关系，确定跳频图案集合中的每个跳频图案。
第一参数与欧式空间维数相关，第二参数与欧式空间中的点数有关。第一线段上的点表示在第一线段对应频段上的终端设备，即可以占用第一线段对应频段上的终端设备。第二线段上的点表示第二线段对应频段上的终端设备。
可选的，网络设备可以向第一终端设备发送跳频图案或跳频图案集合。
在一种可能的设计中，跳频图案或包括跳频图案的跳频图案集合由终端设备生成。
可选的，网络设备可以向终端设备发送用于生成跳频图案的参数，例如网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息包括以下一种或多种信息：第一参数、第二参数、本原多项式、跳频时刻集合(包括第二跳频时刻)、或网络中终端设备与欧式空间中点的对应关系等。
可选的，网络设备可以接收来自终端设备的跳频图案或跳频图案集合。
在一种可能的设计中，第一指示信息可以包括跳频图案的标识信息。
跳频图案的标识信息可以是跳频图案在跳频图案集合中的标号。
或者跳频图案的标识信息可以包括签名序列，该签名序列的频带粒度可以为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
在一种可能的设计中，第一指示信息可以包括跳频图案，即第一指示信息可以指示跳频图案本身。
在一种可能的设计中，网络设备基于跳频图案进行通信时，在第一跳频时刻时，网络设备可以采用跳频图案中第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为上述终端设备或网络设备，或者为设置在终端设备或网络设备中的芯片。该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件 包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，包括收发单元。可选的，该通信装置还包括处理单元。该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合或解耦，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以使得该装置执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括接口电路，处理器与接口电路耦合。
该接口电路可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令(计算机执行指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该处理器，以使该处理器运行计算机执行指令以执行上述任一方面的方法。
在一些可能的设计中，该通信装置可以为芯片或芯片系统。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
可选地，该处理器为一个或多个，该存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
该通信装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第七方面，提供一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：逻辑电路和输入输出接口，该输入输出接口用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信；该逻辑电路用于运行计算机程序以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面或第二方面中的终端设备或网络设备，或者包含上述终端设备或网络设备的装置，或者上述终端设备或网络设备中包含的装置，比如芯片。
或者，该输入输出接口可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，该输入输出接口用于接收计算机程序(计算机程序存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该输入输出接口，以使该输入输出接口运行计算机程序以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。
可选的，该通信装置可以为芯片。
第九方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第十方面，提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第十一方面，提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，用于支持通信装置实现上述第一方面或第二方面中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存前述通信装置的必要的信息和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十二方面，提供一种功能实体，该功能实体用于实现上述第一方面至第二方面中的方法。
第十三方面，提供一种通信系统，包括上述第一方面或第二方面的终端设备和网络设备。
其中，第三方面至第十三方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种跳频图案指示过程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种跳频图案设计示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种仿真结果示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种仿真结果示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”一词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术 问题，同样适用。
以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)通信系统，本申请实施例所应用的通信系统可以是各类通信系统，可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)、窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things，NB-IoT)、4G系统、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)，也可以是第五代(5G)通信系统，还可以是LTE与5G混合架构、也可以是5G NR系统以及未来通信发展中出现的新的通信系统如6G等。本申请实施例所述的5G通信系统可以包括非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)的5G通信系统、独立组网(standalone，SA)的5G通信系统中的至少一种。通信系统还可以是公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)网络、设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)网络、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)网络或者其他网络。另外，通信系统也可以包括卫星通信系统，或者上述通信系统与卫星通信系统混合的通信系统等。
1)用户设备(user equipment，UE)，也称终端设备，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以经无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的接入网设备与一个或多个核心网(core network，CN)设备进行通信。
用户设备也可称为接入终端、终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、用户代理或用户装置等。用户设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。用户设备可以是蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、智能电话(smart phone)、手机(mobile phone)、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等。或者，用户设备还可以是具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、无人机设备或物联网、车联网中的终端、5G网络以及未来网络中的任意形态的终端、中继用户设备或者未来演进的公共移动陆地网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端等。其中，中继用户设备例如可以是5G家庭网关(residential gateway，RG)。例如用户设备可以是虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。本申请实施例对终端设备的类型或种类等并不限定。
2)网络设备，指可以为终端提供无线接入功能的设备。其中，网络设备可以支持至少一种无线通信技术，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)、新无线(new radio，NR)等。
其中，网络设备可以包括接入网设备。示例的，网络设备包括但不限于：5G网络中的下一代基站或下一代节点B(generation nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved node B、或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)、 收发点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心、小站、微型站等。网络设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)、和/或分布单元(distributed unit，DU)，或者网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、终端、可穿戴设备以及未来移动通信中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN中的网络设备等。
网络设备也可以包括核心网设备。示例的，核心网设备可以包括会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)等。
3)跳频图案，也称跳频序列，用于指示在跳频时刻的频段选择。如果多个设备(一般指多个终端设备)在同一跳频时刻选择了相同频段，则认为多个设备之间发生了碰撞。
4)欧式空间，可以是二维空间或更高维空间。
在本申请实施例中欧式空间中的点可以对网络中终端设备一一对应，在欧式空间中，任意两条线段只有相交或平行两种位置关系，相交的两条线段只有一个交点。因此利用欧式空间中的这个性质，对跳频图案进行设计，可以使得即任意两个终端设备的跳频图案的最大碰撞次数为1。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中所涉及的至少一个是指一个或多个，多个是指两个或两个以上。
另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统(也称移动通信系统或无线通信系统)。如图1所示为一种可能的通信系统架构，包括一个或多个网络设备(如图1中的基站)，和一个或多个终端设备(如图1中的UE1～UE6)。基站可以向UE1～UE6发送数据，UE1～UE6也可以将上行数据发送给基站。可选的，UE4、UE5和UE6可以组成一个通信系统。在该通信系统中，基站可以发送下行数据给UE1、UE2和UE5等，UE5可以将下行数据转发给UE4和UE6。例如UE5可以作为中继节点，对UE和基站之间的数据进行转发。例如中继节点可以部署在单跳(Single-hop)或多跳(Multi-hop)中继系统，中继节点的形态可以为客户终端设备(customer-premises equipment，CPE)、小站、接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhaul，IAB)节点、DU、终端设备、TRP等。
在无线通信系统中，多用户在时、频、空域等资源上的复用是一个需要着重考虑的问题。现有的LTE、NR等系统采用正交多址接入的方式来对用户进行时、频、空域等资源的分配，使得每个用户可以独占某一频域、时域或空域资源。随着物联网等应用的不断普及，无线网络中接入用户的数量将以几何级数增长。在频谱等通信资源有限的背景下，需要考虑非正交的多址接入方式，即多个用户在通信过程中共享相同的时、频、空域等资源。在非正交多址接入中，由于用户共享相同的通信资源，为了解决多用户间干扰(即多址干扰)问题，可以在通信系统中引入跳频机制，通过使用户在每次传输中随机选择不同的频带，来随机化用户间的干扰，进而改善在非正交多址接入中的多址干扰问题。
目前3GPP协议中规定了一种跳频图案的设计方案，支持时隙内跳频(Intra-slot frequency hopping)和跨时隙跳频(Inter-slot frequency hopping)。时隙内跳频应用于单时隙或多时隙的物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)传输场景，跨时 隙跳频应用于多时隙的PUSCH传输场景。
对于时隙内跳频，每次跳频的起始资源块(resource block，RB)位置可以通过下述公式(1)计算得到。
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000001
其中i＝0表示跳频时刻0，i＝1表示跳频时刻1，RB start表示上行带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)的起始RB位置，可以通过资源分配类型1的资源块配置信息来确定，RB offset表示两次跳频间的频域偏移，
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000002
表示通信带宽部分所占的频带大小。
对于跨时隙跳频，时隙
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000003
的起始RB位置可以通过下述公式(2)计算得到。
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000004
其中
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000005
为无线帧中的当前时隙标号。
上述跳频图案的设计较为简单，在时域只有两个跳频时刻，频域只存在两个频段。当网络中接入的用户数量较多时，每个频段上仍具有大量的干扰用户，用户之间的干扰较大。
基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种跳频图案指示方法，可以应用于图1所示的通信系统中，可以应用于通信系统下的单用户或多用户数据传输场景。在该方法中，网络设备可以向第一终端设备指示跳频图案，第一终端设备基于该跳频图案进行通信，跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，其中第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，第一周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段，因此可以减少用户之间的干扰。其中碰撞指两个终端设备在同一跳频时刻选择了相同的频段，发生碰撞的两个终端设备之间可能互相干扰，因此本申请实施例中通过降低终端设备之间的碰撞次数，可以减少终端设备(即用户)之间的干扰。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种可能的跳频图案指示方法，包括以下步骤：
S201：第一终端设备获取第一指示信息。
在一个示例中，第一终端设备可以从网络设备中获取第一指示信息，即网络设备可以发送该第一指示信息。
可选的，第一指示信息包括跳频图案的标识信息，此时终端设备保存有跳频图案的标识信息与跳频图案的对应关系；或者第一指示信息可以包括跳频图案，即第一指示信息可以指示跳频图案本身，此时终端设备可以保存跳频图案或者也可以未保存有跳频图案。
跳频图案的标识信息可以包括跳频图案在跳频图案集合中的标号，或者可以包括签名序列，签名序列的频带粒度可以是资源块级别或资源单元级别。关于跳频图标的标识信息在下文进行描述。
该示例可以应用于如下场景：
场景1：基于调度(scheduled)的上行数据传输场景。网络设备向第一终端设备发送第一指示信息，第一终端设备根据网络设备的调度进行激活并发送数据。
若网络中接入多个终端设备(包括第一终端设备)，网络设备可以分别向每个终端设备发送对应的指示信息来指示跳频图案。
场景2：基于预配置(configured)的上行数据传输场景。网络设备向第一终端设备发送第一指示信息，第一终端设备在数据到达时进行随机激活并发送数据。
场景3：基于随机选择(random selection)的上行数据传输场景，网络设备向第一终 端设备广播多个跳频图案，第一终端设备在数据到达时进行随机激活，并且在多个跳频图案中随机选择一个跳频图案发送数据。
在该场景下，第一指示信息可以指示一个或多个跳频图案的标识信息，终端设备选取一个标识信息对应的跳频图案。该一个或多个跳频图案可以属于一个跳频图案集合。
在另一个示例中，第一终端设备中可以预先配置或协议规定有第一指示信息，第一终端设备可以从第一终端设备自身获取第一指示信息。
第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案，跳频图案可以理解为跳频序列，用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段。跳频图案指示的频段(即跳频图案在频域上的频段)可以是连续的频段，或者是不连续的频段，一个频段可以包括一个或多个频点。频点可以为资源块RB级别或资源单元(resource element，RE)级别。跳频图案在时域上的粒度可以为一个或多个正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing，OFDM)符号，或者可以为一个或多个时隙。
其中第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个时刻有碰撞，一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。具体而言，在欧式空间中，每个跳频时刻与(一个或多个)平行线簇对应，每个频段与(一个或多个)线段对应，一个平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每条线段包括多个点，(一个或多个)终端设备与欧式空间中的点对应。
两个终端设备有碰撞指两个终端设备在同一跳频时刻选择了相同的频带，本申请实施例通过跳频图案的设计可以使得不同终端设备之间的最大碰撞次数可以灵活配置，由于一个周期内终端设备之间的最大碰撞次数为1，例如一种方式中，可以将多个周期进行拼接组合，来灵活配置终端设备之间的最大碰撞次数。并且对于频率选择性衰落信道，跳频图案可以尽可能的利用频域分集，来进一步有效提升通信系统的可靠性。
一个周期可以是指跳频序列的循环节的长度。一种可能的方式中，跳频序列的循环节的长度可以根据支持的最大跳频时刻数确定，支持最大的跳频时刻数量可以通过根据跳频时刻集合中元素表示，例如支持的最大跳频时刻数为5，一个跳频时刻集合可以包括T1、T2、T3、T4、T5共5个元素，此时一个周期内可以包括5个跳频时刻，分别为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5，并且每个跳频时刻对应有频段(一般对应一个频段)。另一种可能的方式中，跳频序列的循环节的长度可以根据支持的频段的数量确定，支持的频段的数量可以通过频段集合中元素的数量表示，例如支持4个频段，一个频段集合可以包括F1、F2、F3和F4共4个元素，此时一个周期内可以包括4个频段，并且每个频段对应跳频时刻(一般可以对多个跳频时刻)。可以理解，本申请中对支持的最大跳频时刻数和频段数不做限制。
S202：第一终端设备基于第一指示信息指示的跳频图案进行通信。
对应的，网络设备可以基于第一指示信息指示的跳频图案进行通信。
例如，在第一跳频时刻时，网络设备和终端设备采用跳频图案中第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
网络设备和终端设备中保存有跳频图案或跳频图案集合(包括一个或多个跳频图案)。跳频图案或跳频图案集合可以由3GPP协议规定，或者可以由网络设备生成，或者可以由终端设备生成，本申请实施例以跳频图案集合为例进行说明。网络设备或终端设备生成跳频图案集合，可以减少网络设备和终端设备的存储开销，并且跳频图案具有伪随机特性。
方式1：跳频图案由网络设备生成。
网络设备获取第一参数和第二参数，网络设备可以根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，跳频图案集合包括一个或多个跳频图案，该一个或多个跳频图案包括上述第一指示信息指示的跳频图案。
可选的，网络设备可以将生成的跳频图案集合发送给终端设备。
一种可能的实现中，第一参数与欧式空间维数相关。第二参数与欧式空间中的点相关，欧式空间中的点与终端设备对应。示例的，欧式空间中的点可以与网络中的终端设备一一对应。
网络设备在获取第一参数和第二参数时，可以根据频段数量、网络中终端设备的数量以及跳频时刻的数量，确定第一参数和第二参数。其中在m维欧式空间中，欧式空间中的点构成m维向量a＝[a 1a 2…a m]，其中向量中的元素a i∈GF(2 s)，i∈[1,m]，GF为伽罗华域(galois field)，因此可以将m维欧式空间记为EG(m,2 s)，即m维欧式空间中包含2 ms个点，即支持2 ms个用户。令a 0与a为两个线性独立的点(即β 0a 0+βa≠0，除非β 0＝β＝0)，则存在如下2 s个点的集合{a 0+βa}。其中β∈GF(2 s)，构成EG(m,2 s)中一条过点a 0的线段。由于欧式空间中共有2 ms个点，而一条线段由2 s个点构成。因此一个平行线簇内可以包含2 (m-1)s条相互平行的平行线段，即在一个跳频时刻内可选的频段数量q＝2 (m-1)s。此外，EG(m,2 s)中包含的平行线簇一共有(2 ms-1)/(2 s-1)个，因此可以支持的最大跳频时刻等于(2 ms-1)/(2 s-1)。因此网络设备可以根据频段数量q＝2 (m-1)s，网络中终端设备的数量K＝2 ms以及跳频时刻的数量T max＝(2 ms-1)/(2 s-1)，选择合适的第一参数m和第二参数s。
网络设备在根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合时，包括以下步骤：
网络设备确定第一参数和第二参数对应的本原多项式，其中本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式，具体而言，本原多项式用于生成每个点的第一表示形式和第二表示形式。例如下述表1.1示出了16个点对应的幂表示形式、多项式表示形式和二进制表示形式，其中第一表示形式和第二表示形式为幂表示形式、多项式表示形式和二进制表示形式中的两种，例如第一表示形式为幂表示形式，第二表示形式为二进制表示形式。可以理解，本申请实施例的表1.1仅为一种示例，而不对表示形式构成限定，表1.1中的表示形式可以更多或更少，例如可以对表1.1中各表示形式进行拆分或合并等。
表1.1
幂表示 多项式表示 4维向量的二进制表示
0 0 (0000)
1 1 (1000)
a a (0100)
a 2 a 2 (0010)
a 3 a 3 (0001)
a 4 1+a (1100)
a 5 a+a 2 (0110)
a 6 a 2+a 3 (0011)
a 7 1+a+a 3 (1101)
a 8 1+a 2 (1010)
a 9 a+a 3 (0101)
a 10 1+a+a 2 (1110)
a 11 a+a 2+a 3 (0111)
a 12 1+a+a 2+a 3 (1111)
a 13 1+a 2+a 3 (1011)
a 14 1+a 3 (1001)
网络设备根据第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，其中第一线段上的点表示第一线段对应频段上的终端设备。例如原点的坐标为0，对于第二跳频时刻t的平行线簇t∈[1,T]，网络设备确定非原点的初始点p t＝α t，通过下述公式(3)计算平行线簇t内通过原点的第一线段l 0，以及第一线段l 0上所包含的2 s个点。
k·p t(3)
其中
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000006
如果原点坐标非0，网络设备可以根据第一表示形式和第二表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中的第一线段，例如可以在公式(2)的基础上加上第一值，其中第一值可以为p 0。
网络设备根据第一表示形式和第二表示形式和每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于第一线段的第二线段。例如对于第二跳频时刻t的平行线簇t∈[1,T]，网络设备可以通过下述公式(4)计算平行与第一线段l 0的剩余2 (m-1)s-1条第二线段，以及每条第二线段上所包含的点。
p 0+k·p t(4)。其中p 0≠0并且与p t线性独立。
可以理解，在该方式中，主要基于GF(2 s)的生成跳频图案，对于其余素数幂的伽罗华域(即GF(p s)，其中p是一个素数)的生成流程类似。
网络设备根据每个第一平行线簇中的第一线段与第二线段和点的映射关系，确定跳频图案集合中的每个跳频图案。
又一种可能的实现中，网络设备根据网络中接入用户数K＝2 ms以及系统可用频段数R＝2 (m-1)s，网络设备确定第一参数
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000007
和第二参数
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000008
并根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合。
网络设备在根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合时，包括以下步骤：
网络设备确定第一参数和第二参数对应的本原多项式f(X)＝f msX ms+…+f 1X+f 0,其中f l∈[0,1],l＝0,1,…,ms，如表1.2所示，其中d表示本原多项式f(X)中X的最大次幂。例如，当m＝2，s＝2时对应的本原多项式为f(X)＝X 4+X+1。
表1.2
  本原多项式
d＝3 f(X)＝X 3+X+1
d＝4 f(X)＝X 4+X+1
d＝5 f(X)＝X 5+X 2+1
d＝6 f(X)＝X 6+X+1
d＝7 f(X)＝X 7+X 3+1
d＝8 f(X)＝X 8+X 4+X 3+X 2+1
本原多项式用于生成GF(2 ms)中每个点第一表示形式和第二表示形式的映射关系，其中第一表示形式为幂表示形式，第二表示形式为二进制向量。例如，表1.3示出了16个用户点对应的幂表示形式和二进制向量表示形式，其中用户ID1～16分别表示16个用户点。
表1.3
用户ID 幂表示 4维向量的二进制表示
1 0 (0000)
2 1 (1000)
3 a (0100)
4 a 2 (0010)
5 a 3 (0001)
6 a 4 (1100)
7 a 5 (0110)
8 a 6 (0011)
9 a 7 (1101)
10 a 8 (1010)
11 a 9 (0101)
12 a 10 (1110)
13 a 11 (0111)
14 a 12 (1111)
15 a 13 (1011)
16 a 14 (1001)
根据本原多项式生成GF(2 ms)中K＝2 ms个点的二进制表示形式可以基于如下流程：
根据第一参数和第二参数确定本原多项式f(X)＝f msX ms+…+f 1X+f 0，其中f l∈{0,1},l＝0,1,…,ms，并且令b primpoly＝[f 0f 1…f ms-1]为本原多项式中除最高次项以外其余项的系数所构成的二进制向量。对于GF(2 ms)中的点“0”与点“1”(幂表示形式)，令其对应的二进制向量分别为b 1＝[0 0…0] ms×1以及b 2＝[1 0…0] ms×1。例如，当m＝2，s＝2时，有b 1＝[0 0 0 0] 4×1以及b 2＝[1 0 0 0] 4×1。对于剩余点的二进制表示，可以通过如下操作计算得出，b i＝circshift(b i-1,1)，i＝3，4，…，2 ms，其中circshift(v,1)表示对向量v向右循环移位一位。循环移位完成后，当b i(1)＝1时，令b i(1)＝0，并且b i＝mod(b i+b primpoly,2)，从而得到最终的二进制表示形式。
令最大跳频时刻数T max＝(2 ms-1)/(2 s-1)，可以通过如下两步计算在[1,T max]个跳频时刻内分别映射至R个频段上的用户集合：
第一步：确定在时刻t∈[1,T max]，映射到频段r＝1上的2 s个用户集合U r＝1,t。首先，令U r＝1,t(1)＝1，即用户1在时刻t映射到频段r＝1。计算E r＝1,t＝mod(k+u t,K-1),其中u t＝u(t)为向量u＝[2,3,…,T max+1]中的第t个元素，向量k＝T max·[0,1,…,2 s-2]。从而，映射至频段r＝1上剩余2 s-1个用户的ID为U r＝1,t(i)＝E r＝1,t(i-1)+2,i＝2,3,…,2 s。
第二步：确定在时刻t∈[1,T max]，映射到频段其余频段上用户的集合U r,t,r≠1。 对于任意频段r>1，令
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000009
其中U＝[1,2,…,K]为全体用户ID集合，即
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000010
是全体用户集合中除并集∪ 1:r-1U r,t以外的最小用户ID。从表1.3中查找用户
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000011
对应的二进制向量表示形式
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000012
并且计算
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000013
其中B r＝1,t对应于映射到频段r＝1上的2 s个用户的二进制向量表示形式。根据计算得出的二进制向量表示B r,t，从表1.3中查找对应的用户ID，即为在时刻t映射到频段r上的2 s个用户集合U r,t。
方式2：跳频图案由终端设备生成。
在该方式2中，网络设备可以向终端设备发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示生成跳频图案集合的参数。例如第二指示信息包括以下一种或多种：第一参数m、第二参数s、本原多项式P(X)，跳频时刻集合
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000014
网络中终端设备与欧式空间中点的对应关系(即终端设备在欧式空间中对应点的标号)。其中跳频时刻的排序，可以对应平行线簇的任意排序，这里不做限制，例如可以由网络设备指示给终端设备。
在该方式中终端设备生成跳频图案的过程可以参见上述方式1中网络设备生成跳频图案的过程，相似之处不做赘述。
可选的，终端设备可以将生成的跳频图案集合发送给网络设备。
方式3：跳频图案由3GPP协议规定。
以终端设备的数量为16，跳频时刻为5为例，生成的平行线簇如图3所示。欧式空间中16个点分别对应16个UE，每个平行线簇内4个相互平行的线段分别对应频段F1～F4，F1上的UE采用白色填充的圆形表示，F2上的UE采用黑色填充的圆形表示，F3上的UE采用斜线填充的圆形表示，F4上的UE采用网格填充的圆形表示。将每个平行线簇作为一个跳频时刻，UE可以根据其在欧式空间中对应点的标号，在一个跳频时刻选择对应的频段进行通信。
如图3中的(a)所示，在平行线簇1对应的第一跳频时刻T1，选择频段F1的UE包括UE1、UE5、UE9和UE13，选择频段F2的UE包括UE2、UE6、UE10和UE14，选择频段F3的UE包括UE3、UE7、UE11和UE15，选择频段F4的UE包括UE4、UE8、UE12和UE16。如图3中的(b)所示，在平行线簇2对应的第一跳频时刻T2，选择频段F1的UE包括UE1、UE2、UE3和UE4，选择频段F2的UE包括UE5、UE6、UE7和UE8，选择频段F3的UE包括UE9、UE10、UE11和UE12，选择频段F4的UE包括UE13、UE14、UE15和UE16。如图3中的(c)所示，在平行线簇3对应的第一跳频时刻T3，选择频段F1的UE包括UE1、UE6、UE11和UE16，选择频段F2的UE包括UE2、UE7、UE12和UE13，选择频段F3的UE包括UE3、UE8、UE9和UE14，选择频段F4的UE包括UE4、UE5、UE10和UE15。如图3中的(d)所示，在平行线簇4对应的第一跳频时刻T4，选择频段F1的UE包括UE1、UE7、UE9和UE15，选择频段F2的UE包括UE2、UE8、UE10和UE16，选择频段F3的UE包括UE3、UE5、UE11和UE13，选择频段F4的UE包括UE4、UE6、UE12和UE14。如图3中的(e)所示，在平行线簇5对应的第一跳频时刻T5，选择频段F1的UE包括UE4、UE7、UE10和UE13，选择频段F2的UE包括UE3、UE6、UE9和UE16，选择频段F3的UE包括UE2、UE5、UE12和UE15，选择频段F4的UE包括UE1、UE8、UE11和UE14。
可以理解，在每个平行线簇内，线段与频段的对应关系不唯一。例如，除了图3中给出的映射方式外，一种可能的方式是包括白色填充的圆形的线段对应F2，包括斜线填充的 圆形的线段对应F1，包括网格填充的圆形的线段对应F3，包括黑色填充的圆形的线段对应F4。此外，不同平行线簇可以采用不同的映射方式，在本申请实施例中不做限定。
根据图3可以得到，每个UE在不同跳频时刻选择的频段，例如UE2在跳频时刻T1～T5的频段分别为F2、F1、F2、F2和F3。
基于图3，表2给出了欧式空间中16个UE对应的跳频图案，其中表中第一行表示跳频时刻，其余每行表示一个跳频图案，表2中第一列表示UE的标号，第二列到第六列对应不同跳频时刻下的频段。可以理解，本申请实施例的表2仅为一种示例，而不对用户(或终端设备)、跳频时刻和频段构成限定，表2中的用户(或终端设备)、跳频时刻和频段可以更多或更少。
表2
用户/跳频时刻 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
UE1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F4
UE2 F2 F1 F2 F2 F3
UE3 F3 F1 F3 F3 F2
UE4 F4 F1 F4 F4 F1
UE5 F1 F2 F4 F3 F3
UE6 F2 F2 F1 F4 F2
UE7 F3 F2 F2 F1 F1
UE8 F4 F2 F3 F2 F4
UE9 F1 F3 F3 F1 F2
UE10 F2 F3 F4 F2 F1
UE11 F3 F3 F1 F3 F4
UE12 F4 F3 F2 F4 F3
UE13 F1 F4 F2 F3 F1
UE14 F2 F4 F3 F4 F4
UE15 F3 F4 F4 F1 F3
UE16 F4 F4 F1 F2 F2
可选的，在一些情况下，表2中第一列可以替换为跳频图案的标号，如表3所示。表3给出了欧式空间中16个跳频图案，其中表中第一行表示跳频时刻，其余每行表示一个跳频图案，表3中第一列表示跳频图案的标号，第二列到第六列对应不同跳频时刻下的频段。可以理解，本申请实施例的表3仅为一种示例，而不对跳频图案的标号、跳频时刻和频段构成限定，表3中的跳频图案的标号、跳频时刻和频段可以更多或更少。
表3
标号/跳频时刻 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F4
2 F2 F1 F2 F2 F3
3 F3 F1 F3 F3 F2
4 F4 F1 F4 F4 F1
5 F1 F2 F4 F3 F3
6 F2 F2 F1 F4 F2
7 F3 F2 F2 F1 F1
8 F4 F2 F3 F2 F4
9 F1 F3 F3 F1 F2
10 F2 F3 F4 F2 F1
11 F3 F3 F1 F3 F4
12 F4 F3 F2 F4 F3
13 F1 F4 F2 F3 F1
14 F2 F4 F3 F4 F4
15 F3 F4 F4 F1 F3
16 F4 F4 F1 F2 F2
由于在欧式空间，任意两条线段只有相交或平行两种位置关系，相交的两条线段只有一个交点，因此可以使得任意两个跳频图案在一个周期(图2中的T1～T5为一个周期)内碰的次数不超过1。
或者，S201中，跳频图案的标识信息可以为签名序列。
例如当频域的频带粒度为资源块级别时，网络设备可以基于跳频图案对终端设备指示如下的签名序列S i：
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000015
其中i表示第i个终端设备/跳频图案，签名序列的行表示频带，列表示跳频时刻，元素取1表示在一个跳频时刻选择一个频带，元素取0表示在一个跳频时刻没有选择一个频带。该S i表示第i个用户设备，在五个跳频时刻的频带选择分别RB2(频点F2)、RB1(频点F1)、RB4(频点F4)、RB3(频点F3)以及RB1(频点F1)。
又如，当频域的频带粒度为资源元素级别时，网络设备可以基于跳频图案对终端设备指示如下的签名序列S i：
Figure PCTCN2022118257-appb-000016
其中i表示第i个终端设备/跳频图案，签名序列的行表示频带，列表示跳频时刻，元素取1表示在一个跳频时刻选择一个频带，元素取0表示在一个跳频时刻没有选择一个频带。该S i表示第i个用户设备，在五个跳频时刻的频带选择RE4-RE6(频点F2)、RE1-RE3(频点F1)、RE10-RE12(频点F4)、RE7-RE9(频点F3)以及RE1-RE3(频点F1)。
签名序列可以为稀疏序列。其中非零元素1用来指示终端设备对频域上一个或多个(即元素1可对应一个或多个RB)、连续或非连续资源(即资源在频域是可以连续或不连续，此时第二个签名矩阵中每一列的1可以不连续)的选择。
下面结合仿真结果，对本申请实施例提供的跳频图案指示方法的误块率(block error rate，BLER)进行说明。
如图4所示，在预配置(configured)的上行数据传输场景，基于理想信道估计、相同信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio，SNR)的情况下，本申请实施例提供的跳频指示方法中，终端设备在随机跳频(Random Hopping)或根据指示跳频(Proposed Hopping)下的BLER均比目前的频分多路复用((frequency-division multiplexing，FDM)与非正交多址接入(nonorthogonal multiple access，NOMA)结合方式下的BLER更低。
如图5所示，在预配置(configured)的上行数据传输场景，基于实际信道估计、相同SNR的情况下，本申请实施例提供的跳频指示方法中，终端设备在Random Hopping或Proposed Hopping下的BLER均比目前的FDM+NOMA结合方式下的BLER更低。
通过上述对比可知，本申请实施例提供的跳频图案指示方法，在理想信道估计与实际信道估计下均有较大的性能增益，通信可靠性更高。
在该实施例中，网络设备可以向第一终端设备指示跳频图案，第一终端设备基于该跳频图案进行通信，跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，其中第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，可以使得用户之间的发生碰撞的次数尽可能少，从而减少用户之间的干扰。
可以理解的是，以上实施例中，由网络设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现，由终端设备实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于终端设备的部件实现。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从网络设备和终端设备之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，发送端和接收端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
下面结合附图介绍本申请实施例中用来实现上述方法的通信装置。因此，上文中的内容均可以用于后续实施例中，重复的内容不再赘述。
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一种可能的表现形式，该通信装置600可用于实现上述方法实施例中由网络设备或终端设备实现的功能或者步骤。该通信装置可以包括处理单元601和收发单元602。可选的，还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令(代码或者程序)和/或数据。处理单元601和收发单元602可以与该存储单元耦合，例如，处理单元601可以读取存储单元中的指令(代码或者程序)和/或数据，以实现相应的方法。上述各个单元可以独立设置，也可以部分或者全部集成。
在一些可能的实施方式中，通信装置600能够对应实现上述方法实施例中终端设备的行为和功能。例如，收发单元602，用于获取第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案。
处理单元601，用于确定第一指示信息。
收发单元602，还用于基于跳频图案进行通信。
其中，跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
在一些可能的实施方式中，在欧式空间中，每个跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个频段与线段对应，每条线段包括多个点，终端设备与点对 应。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一指示信息包括跳频图案的标识信息；或者第一指示信息包括跳频图案。
在一些可能的实施方式中，跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
在一些可能的实施方式中，收发单元602，具体用于在第一跳频时刻时，采用跳频图案中第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
在一些可能的实施方式中，通信装置600能够对应实现上述方法实施例中网络设备的行为和功能。例如，处理单元601，用于确定第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案。
收发单元602，用于发送第一指示信息，基于跳频图案进行通信。
其中，跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
在一些可能的实施方式中，在欧式空间中，每个跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个频段与线段对应，每条线段包括多个点，终端设备与点对应。
在一些可能的实施方式中，处理单元601，还用于获取第一参数和第二参数；根据第一参数和第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，跳频图案集合包括跳频图案，其中第一参数与欧式空间维数相关，第二参数与欧式空间中的点数相关，欧式空间中的点与终端设备对应。
在一些可能的实施方式中，处理单元，具体用于确定第一参数和第二参数对应的本原多项式，本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式；根据第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，第一线段上的点表示在第一线段对应频段上的终端设备；根据第一表示形式、第二表示形式和每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于第一线段的第二线段；根据每个第一平行线簇中的第一线段与第二线段和点的映射关系，确定每个跳频图案。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一指示信息包括跳频图案的标识信息；或者第一指示信息包括跳频图案。
在一些可能的实施方式中，跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
在一些可能的实施方式中，收发单元602，具体用于在第一跳频时刻时，采用跳频图案中第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，该集成的单元可以作为计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部 分步骤。
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理单元可以由处理器/处理电路或处理器/处理电路相关电路组件实现，收发单元可以由收发器/收发接口或收发器/收发接口相关电路组件或者通信接口实现。
如图7所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置700的结构示意图。装置700可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
装置700包括一个或多个处理器701。处理器701可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器、或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、终端、或芯片等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。通信装置可以包括收发单元，用以实现信号的输入(接收)和输出(发送)。例如，收发单元可以为收发器，射频芯片等。
装置700包括一个或多个处理器701，一个或多个处理器701可实现上述所示的实施例中的方法。
可选的，处理器701除了实现上述所示的实施例的方法，还可以实现其他功能。
可选的，一种设计中，处理器701可以执行指令，使得装置700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令可以全部或部分存储在处理器内，如指令703，也可以全部或部分存储在与处理器耦合的存储器702中，如指令704，也可以通过指令703和704共同使得装置700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令703也称为计算机程序。
在又一种可能的设计中，通信装置700也可以包括电路，电路可以实现前述方法实施例中的功能。
在又一种可能的设计中装置700中可以包括一个或多个存储器702，其上存有指令704，指令可在处理器上被运行，使得装置700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。例如，一个或多个存储器702可以存储上述实施例中所描述的对应关系，或者上述实施例中所涉及的相关的参数或表格等。处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
在又一种可能的设计中，装置700还可以包括收发器705以及天线706。处理器701可以称为处理单元，对装置(终端或者基站)进行控制。收发器705可以称为收发机、收发电路、或者收发单元等，用于通过天线706实现装置的收发功能。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，通信系统包括网络设备和终端设备。网络设备和终端设备可以实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；处理器，用于执行上述方法实施例描述的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个芯片，处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，改存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于处理器之外，独立存在。
在一种可能的设计中，当上述通信装置是芯片，如发送端中的芯片时，或者，如接收端中的芯片时，处理单元601或者处理器701可以是一个或多个逻辑电路，收发单元602或者收发器705可以是输入输出接口，又或者称为通信接口，或者接口电路，或接口等等。或者收发器705还可以是发送单元和接收单元，发送单元可以是输出接口，接收单元可以 是输入接口，该发送单元和接收单元集成于一个单元，例如输入输出接口。如图8所示，通信装置800包括逻辑电路801和输入输出接口802。即上述处理单元601或者处理器701可以用逻辑电路801实现，收发单元602或者收发器705可以用输入输出接口802实现。其中，该逻辑电路801可以为芯片、处理电路、集成电路或片上系统(system on chip，SoC)芯片等，输入输出接口802可以为通信接口、输入输出接口等。本申请实施例中，逻辑电路和输入输出接口还可以相互耦合。对于逻辑电路和输入输出接口的具体连接方式，本申请实施例不作限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该逻辑电路和输入输出接口可用于执行上述网络设备或终端设备执行的功能或操作等。
示例性地，逻辑电路801用于获取第一指示信息。
输入输出接口802用于基于第一指示信息指示的跳频图案进行通信。
网络设备或终端设备执行的功能或操作可以参照前述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本申请可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
总之，以上仅为本申请技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种跳频图案指示方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一终端设备获取第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案；
    所述第一终端设备基于所述跳频图案进行通信；
    其中，所述跳频图案用于指示所述第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，所述第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，所述一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，包括：
    在欧式空间中，每个所述跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，所述平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个所述频段与所述线段对应，每条所述线段包括多个点，终端设备与所述点对应。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案的标识信息；或者
    所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，所述签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备基于所述跳频图案进行通信，包括：
    在第一跳频时刻时，所述第一终端设备采用所述跳频图案中所述第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
  6. 一种跳频图案指示方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案；
    所述网络设备基于所述跳频图案进行通信；
    其中，所述跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，所述第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个时刻有碰撞，所述一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，包括：
    在欧式空间中，每个所述跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，所述平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个所述频段与所述线段对应，每条所述线段包括多个点，终端设备与所述点对应。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息之前，还包括：
    所述网络设备获取第一参数和第二参数，其中第一参数与欧式空间维数相关，第二参数与欧式空间中的点数相关，欧式空间中的点与终端设备对应；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一参数和所述第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，所述跳频图案集合包括所述跳频图案。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备根据所述第一参数和所述第 二参数，生成跳频图案集合，包括：
    所述网络设备确定所述第一参数和所述第二参数对应的本原多项式，所述本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，所述第一线段上的点表示在第一线段对应频段上的终端设备；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一表示形式、所述第二表示形式和所述每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定所述每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于所述第一线段的第二线段；
    所述网络设备根据所述每个第一平行线簇中的所述第一线段与所述第二线段和点的映射关系，确定每个跳频图案。
  10. 如权利要求6-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案的标识信息；或者
    所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，所述签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
  12. 如权利要求6-11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备基于所述跳频图案进行通信，包括：
    在第一跳频时刻时，所述网络设备采用所述跳频图案中所述第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案；
    处理单元，用于确定所述第一指示信息；
    所述收发单元，还用于基于所述跳频图案进行通信；
    其中，所述跳频图案用于指示所述第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，所述第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，所述一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，在欧式空间中，每个所述跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，所述平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个所述频段与所述线段对应，每条所述线段包括多个点，终端设备与所述点对应。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案的标识信息；或者所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，所述签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
  17. 如权利要求13-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于在第一跳频时刻时，采用所述跳频图案中所述第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示跳频图案；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一指示信息，基于所述跳频图案进行通信；
    其中，所述跳频图案用于指示第一终端设备在跳频时刻进行通信时占用的频段，所述 第一终端设备和任意其它终端设备在一个周期内至多在一个跳频时刻有碰撞，所述一个周期对应两个以上的跳频时刻和两个以上的频段。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，在欧式空间中，每个所述跳频时刻与平行线簇对应，所述平行线簇包括多条相互平行的线段，每个所述频段与所述线段对应，每条所述线段包括多个点，终端设备与所述点对应。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于获取第一参数和第二参数；根据所述第一参数和所述第二参数，生成跳频图案集合，所述跳频图案集合包括所述跳频图案，其中第一参数与欧式空间维数相关，第二参数与欧式空间中的点数相关，欧式空间中的点与终端设备对应。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于确定所述第一参数和所述第二参数对应的本原多项式，所述本原多项式用于生成第一表示形式和第二表示形式；根据所述第一表示形式，确定每个跳频图案中对应第二跳频时刻的第一平行线簇中通过原点的第一线段，所述第一线段上的点表示在第一线段对应频段上的终端设备；根据所述第一表示形式、所述第二表示形式和所述每个跳频图案中的第一线段，确定所述每个第一平行线簇中所有平行于所述第一线段的第二线段；根据所述每个第一平行线簇中的所述第一线段与所述第二线段和点的映射关系，确定每个跳频图案。
  22. 如权利要求18-21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案的标识信息；或者所述第一指示信息包括所述跳频图案。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述跳频图案的标识信息包括签名序列，所述签名序列的频带粒度为资源块级别或资源单元级别。
  24. 如权利要求18-23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于在第一跳频时刻时，采用所述跳频图案中所述第一跳频时刻对应的第一频段进行通信。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合或解耦；
    所述存储器存储有计算机程序；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求6-12中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括所述存储器。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括逻辑电路和输入输出接口；
    所述输入输出接口，用于与所述通信装置之外的模块通信；
    所述逻辑电路用于执行计算机程序，以使所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，或以使所述通信装置执行如权利要求6-12中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者使得如权利要求6-12中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者使得如权利要求6-12中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  30. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括执行如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法的第一终端设备，和执行如权利要求6-12中任一项所述方法的网络设备。
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