WO2023032182A1 - 電動機監視装置および電動機監視方法 - Google Patents
電動機監視装置および電動機監視方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 36
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 24
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- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ISWQCIVKKSOKNN-UHFFFAOYSA-L Tiron Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC1=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1O ISWQCIVKKSOKNN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/14—Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/02—Measuring effective values, i.e. root-mean-square values
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
- G01R23/165—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis using filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/20—Estimation of torque
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/08—Controlling based on slip frequency, e.g. adding slip frequency and speed proportional frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the control loops
- H02P2205/05—Torque loop, i.e. comparison of the motor torque with a torque reference
Definitions
- This application relates to a motor monitoring device and a motor monitoring method.
- the control center which has a closed switchboard, etc., controls, monitors, and protects the electrical circuits. It is also possible to mount a motor monitoring device that monitors the torque of the motor by detecting the current and voltage in the wiring leading to the motor.
- a motor monitoring device that monitors the torque of the motor by detecting the current and voltage in the wiring leading to the motor.
- the torque can be calculated by converting the electric current and the magnetic flux on the stator side of the electric motor into two phases and then calculating the cross product. In this method, it is sufficient to measure the voltage and current of at least two of the three phases, and the only other necessary parameter is the stator resistance.
- the torque of the motor obtained from the cross product of the current and the magnetic flux is larger than the torque actually output by the electric motor.
- the torque calculated by the above method is higher than the actual value by the torque corresponding to iron loss, mechanical loss, and stray load loss, and there is an error.
- the load current which is an effective current
- the load current is calculated by considering the iron loss resistance and excluding the current flowing through the iron loss resistance as not contributing to the torque.
- there is a method of calculating the outer product of the load current and the magnetic flux and calculating the torque that does not include the torque corresponding to the iron loss see Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, for example).
- the present application has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a motor monitoring device and a motor monitoring method that perform torque estimation without obtaining iron loss resistance.
- the motor monitoring device disclosed in the present application includes a voltage detection circuit that detects the stator voltage of the motor, a current detection circuit that detects the stator current of the motor, a motor characteristics input device that acquires information about the motor, and a voltage detector. circuit, a current detection circuit, and a logical operation circuit that calculates and outputs an output value based on information from the motor characteristic input device.
- the power frequency supplied to the electric motor at least one of the rated slip and the rated rotational angular velocity, which are the load characteristics at a load factor of 100% when the power voltage and the power frequency are supplied to the electric motor, the rated efficiency and the rated three-phase current
- the motor monitoring device disclosed in the present application includes a magnetic flux calculator for calculating the stator flux linkage of the motor from the stator voltage, the stator current and the stator phase resistance, and the stator flux linkage, the stator current and the number of pole pairs.
- the total torque calculation section calculates the total torque from the total torque, the total loss is calculated from the rated output and rated efficiency, the primary copper loss is calculated from the stator phase resistance and the rated three-phase current effective value, and the rated slip and rated output are used to calculate the total loss.
- a no-load loss torque calculator that calculates the secondary copper loss, calculates the no-load loss torque from the total loss, primary copper loss, secondary copper loss, and rated rotational angular speed, and calculates the estimated torque from the total torque and no-load loss torque.
- the torque can be estimated without obtaining the iron loss resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a motor monitoring device according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a logical operation circuit according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the logical operation circuit in Embodiment 1;
- 4 is a block diagram showing processing of a magnetic flux calculation section, a total torque calculation section, and an estimated torque calculation section in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a Bode diagram of a filter used for integration processing of the magnetic flux calculation unit in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing processing of an estimated output calculation unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing processing of an estimated efficiency calculation unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a motor monitoring device according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a logical operation circuit in Embodiment 2; 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the logical operation circuit according to the second embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing processing of an estimated torque calculator in Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a motor monitoring device according to Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a logical operation circuit in Embodiment 3;
- 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of hardware of a motor monitoring device according to Embodiments 1, 2 and 3;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a motor monitoring device according to Embodiment 1.
- a main circuit 2 branched from a main bus 1 of an electric power system is provided with a circuit breaker 3 for wiring, an electromagnetic contactor 4, a voltage transformer 5 and a voltage transformer 6,
- An electric motor 7 is connected to the main circuit 2 .
- the electric motor 7 is, for example, a three-phase induction motor, and a load device 8 is connected to the electric motor 7 .
- the motor monitoring device 10 includes a voltage detection circuit 11 that detects the voltage of the main circuit 2 to which the electric motor 7 is connected, a current detection circuit 12 that detects the current of the main circuit 2, and a motor characteristic input that acquires information about the electric motor 7. 14, a logical operation circuit 13 that calculates and outputs an output value based on information from the voltage detection circuit 11, the current detection circuit 12, and the motor characteristics input device 14, and an output that displays the output of the logical operation circuit 13.
- a vessel 15 is provided.
- the voltage detection circuit 11 detects the voltage of the main circuit 2 through the potential transformer 5 , converts the detected voltage of the main circuit 2 into a predetermined signal, and outputs the signal to the logical operation circuit 13 .
- the voltage detection circuit 11 detects, for example, three-phase stator voltages v u , v v , and v w , and converts the three-phase stator voltages v u , v v , and v w into two-phase stator voltages v ⁇ , v ⁇ and output to the logic operation circuit 13 .
- Conversion from three-phase stator voltages v u , v v , v w to two-phase stator voltages v ⁇ , v ⁇ is performed, for example, by the following equation (1). Further, assuming that the zero-phase voltage is zero, the voltage detection circuit 11 detects two voltages v u and v v among the three-phase stator voltages v u , v v , and v w , and the following equation ( 2) may be converted into two-phase stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ .
- the stator voltage detected here is the voltage applied to the stator windings of the electric motor 7 .
- the current detection circuit 12 detects the load current of the main circuit 2 through the instrument transformer 6 , converts the detected load current of the main circuit 2 into a predetermined signal, and outputs the signal to the logical operation circuit 13 .
- the current detection circuit 12 detects, for example, three-phase stator currents i u , iv and i w , and converts the three-phase stator currents i u , iv and i w into two-phase stator currents i ⁇ and It is converted to i ⁇ and output to the logical operation circuit 13 .
- the stator current detected here is the current flowing through the stator windings of the electric motor 7 .
- the motor characteristic input unit 14 acquires and inputs information about the electric motor 7 , and the acquired information is output to the logical operation circuit 13 .
- the information obtained by the motor characteristics input device 14 is information from at least one of the nameplate or test report of the electric motor 7, such as the stator phase resistance R s , the number of pole pairs p and the rated power P of the electric motor 7;
- the rated slip s which is the load characteristic at a load factor of 100% when the power supply frequency fs supplied to the electric motor 7, the power supply voltage of the power supply connected to the main bus 1, and the power supply frequency fs are supplied to the electric motor 7 100 and at least one of the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , the rated efficiency ⁇ 100 and the rated three-phase current effective value I 100 .
- the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 [rad/s] can be obtained, for example, from the rated rotational speed N 100 [rpm] indicated on the nameplate or test report.
- the rated slip s 100 and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 can be converted to each other using the power supply frequency fs and the number of pole pairs p, if information on one of them is obtained.
- the power frequency fs is, for example, the value described in the test report, which is 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
- the motor characteristic input device 14 is, for example, an interface for acquiring information about the electric motor 7, and is a keyboard, a touch panel, a receiver for receiving information from a communication line, or the like.
- the information output to the logical operation circuit 13 may be stored in a storage device as required.
- the stator phase resistance R s is, for example, half the inter-terminal resistance R, which is the inter-terminal winding resistance shown in the test report.
- the inter-terminal winding resistance shown in the test report does not take into account the wiring resistance from the measuring point where the potential transformer 5 is connected to the main circuit 2 to the electric motor 7 . Therefore, the inter-terminal resistance R of the electric motor 7 may be measured at the measuring point where the potential transformer 5 is connected to the main circuit 2, and the stator phase resistance Rs may be obtained based on the measured value.
- the output device 15 displays the output from the logical operation circuit 13. For example, it is a display that displays output values, and is a transmitter that transmits output values to a communication line.
- the output device 15 may be an alarm device that issues an alarm based on the output from the logical operation circuit 13 .
- an alarm is issued when the output from the logical operation circuit 13 exceeds a predetermined value.
- the logical operation circuit 13 uses the power supply frequency fs and the number of pole pairs p to calculate the following equation ( 3) Alternatively, one of the rated slip s 100 and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 is used to obtain the other value from equation (4). This processing is unnecessary if the values of both the rated slip s 100 and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 are obtained in the motor characteristics input device 14 .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the logic operation circuit 13 according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart explaining the operation of the logic operation circuit 13 according to the first embodiment.
- the logical operation circuit 13 may store the information obtained from the voltage detection circuit 11, the current detection circuit 12, and the motor characteristics input device 14 in a storage device, and read the information from the storage device as necessary.
- step S01 is a magnetic flux calculation step
- step S02 is a total torque calculation step
- step S03 is a no-load loss torque calculation step
- step S04 is an estimated torque calculation step
- step S05. is an estimated output calculation step
- step S06 is an estimated efficiency calculation step.
- step S01 magnetic flux calculator 131 calculates stator flux linkages ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S02.
- the induced voltage which is the value obtained by differentiating the stator interlinkage magnetic flux with respect to time t, is the value obtained by removing the voltage drop due to resistance from the stator voltage, and is expressed by the following equations (5) and (6). Therefore, the stator interlinkage magnetic fluxes ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ can be obtained by integrating the right sides of the following equations (5) and (6) over time t.
- the stator phase resistance R s multiplied by the stator current i ⁇ is subtracted from the stator voltage v ⁇ .
- the stator flux linkage ⁇ ⁇ is obtained by integrating over time t the value obtained by subtracting the phase resistance R s multiplied by the stator current i ⁇ from the stator voltage v ⁇ .
- step S02 the total torque calculator 132 calculates the stator flux linkage vector consisting of the stator flux linkages ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ obtained in step S01, the stator current vector consisting of the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ , and is multiplied by the pole pair number p of the electric motor 7, the total torque Tall is calculated from the following equation (7), and the process proceeds to step S03.
- step S03 the no-load loss torque calculator 133 obtains information on the rated output P, the rated efficiency ⁇ 100 , the stator phase resistance R s , the rated three-phase current effective value I 100 , the rated slip s 100 and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 . , the no-load loss torque Tnll is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S04.
- the no-load loss torque calculator 133 calculates the total loss P all at a load factor of 100% from the information of the rated output P and the rated efficiency ⁇ 100 using the following equation (8).
- the primary copper loss P c1 at a load factor of 100% is obtained by the following formula (9), and the information of the rated slip s 100 and the rated output P Then, the secondary copper loss P c2 at a load factor of 100% is obtained by the following formula (10). Finally, by subtracting the values of the primary copper loss P c1 and the secondary copper loss P c2 from the total loss P all and dividing by the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , the no-load loss torque T nll is calculated by the following equation (11). and proceed to step S04.
- the no-load loss torque calculator 133 assumes that the stray load loss is sufficiently small and can be ignored. Therefore, the no-load loss torque Tnll obtained here corresponds to the sum of the iron loss torque Tiron and the mechanical loss torque Tmech .
- step S04 the estimated torque calculation unit 134 subtracts the no-load loss torque T nll obtained in step S03 from the total torque T all obtained in step S02, thereby obtaining the estimated torque T' by the following equation (12). Calculate and proceed to step S05.
- Information on the calculated estimated torque T′ is output to the output device 15 as an output value of the logical operation circuit 13, for example.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the processing of magnetic flux calculator 131, total torque calculator 132, and estimated torque calculator 134 in the first embodiment.
- G(s) represents a transfer function when the magnetic flux calculator 131 integrates the right sides of Equations (5) and (6) over time t.
- Equation (13) shows two low-pass filters with a time constant of T1 and one high-pass filter with a time constant of T2 connected in series.
- the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter corresponding to the time constant T1 is f1
- the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter corresponding to the time constant T2 is f2
- the cutoff frequency f1 of the low-pass filter is the power supply frequency f s
- the cutoff frequency f2 of the high-pass filter is set to 1/10 or less of the power supply frequency fs .
- FIG. 5 is a Bode diagram of the filter shown in Equation (13) used for integration processing of the magnetic flux calculator 131 according to the first embodiment.
- the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ output from the voltage detection circuit 11 or the output of the current detection circuit 12 If certain stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ contain an error due to an offset, the effect of the error due to the offset can be reduced by reducing the low-frequency gain.
- step S05 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 the estimated output calculator 135 calculates the estimated output P out from the rated output P, the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , the power supply frequency f s , the number of pole pairs p, the rated slip s 100 , and the estimated torque T′. is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S06.
- step S05 the estimated output calculation unit 135 first divides the rated output P by the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 to obtain the rated torque T100 at a load factor of 100% according to the following equation (14).
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the processing of the estimated output calculator 135. As shown in FIG. Information on the calculated estimated output P out is output to the output device 15 as an output value of the logical operation circuit 13, for example.
- step S06 estimated efficiency calculation unit 136 calculates estimated efficiency ⁇ ′ from estimated output P out , stator voltages v ⁇ , v ⁇ and stator currents i ⁇ , i ⁇ , and performs processing of logical operation circuit 13. finish.
- the estimated efficiency calculator 136 first obtains the input power P in from the stator voltages v ⁇ , v ⁇ and the stator currents i ⁇ , i ⁇ by the following equation (17).
- the estimated efficiency ⁇ ' is calculated by the following equation (18), and the processing of the logical operation circuit 13 is finished.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the processing of the estimated efficiency calculator 136.
- Information on the calculated estimated efficiency ⁇ ′ is output to the output device 15 as an output value of the logical operation circuit 13, for example.
- the input power P in is determined by equation (17)
- the three-phase stator voltages v u , v v , and v w are obtained from the voltage detection circuit 11, and the three-phase stator current i
- the voltage detection circuit 11 acquires the uw voltage vuw and the vw voltage vvw
- the current detection circuit 12 outputs the stator current i u
- the motor monitoring device 10 includes the voltage detection circuit 11 that detects the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ of the motor 7 and the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ of the motor 7.
- An output value is calculated and output based on information from a current detection circuit 12, a motor characteristics input device 14 that acquires information about the electric motor 7, and information from the voltage detection circuit 11, the current detection circuit 12, and the motor characteristics input device 14.
- a logic operation circuit 13 is provided, and a motor characteristic input device 14 inputs the stator phase resistance R s , the number of pole pairs p and the rated output P of the electric motor 7 , the power supply frequency f s supplied to the electric motor 7 , and the electric power supply to the electric motor 7 .
- At least one of rated slip s 100 and rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , rated efficiency ⁇ 100 , and rated three-phase current effective value I 100 which are load characteristics at a load factor of 100% when voltage and power supply frequency f s are supplied, , and logic operation circuit 13 calculates stator flux linkages ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ of electric motor 7 from stator voltages v ⁇ , v ⁇ , stator currents i ⁇ , i ⁇ , and stator phase resistance R s
- a magnetic flux calculator 131, a total torque calculator 132 that calculates a total torque T all from the stator interlinkage magnetic flux ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , stator currents i ⁇ , i ⁇ and the number of pole pairs p, rated output P and rated efficiency Calculate the total loss P all from ⁇ 100 , calculate the primary copper loss P c1 from the stator phase resistance R s and the rated three-phase current effective value
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of a motor monitoring device 10a according to Embodiment 2. As shown in FIG. Comparing the motor monitoring device 10a according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 with the motor monitoring device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. It is an input device 14a. Other configurations of the motor monitoring device 10a according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the motor monitoring device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the same information as the motor characteristic input device 14 in the first embodiment is acquired, and the stray load loss P SLL at the rated output P with respect to the rated output P.
- Acquire information on the stray load loss ratio x which is the ratio of .
- the stray load loss percentage x is, for example, 0.5%.
- the stray load loss percentage x may be, for example, a value between 0.1% and 10%.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the logical operation circuit 13a according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart explaining the operation of the logical operation circuit 13a according to the second embodiment. Comparing the logical operation circuit 13a according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9 with the logical operation circuit 13 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. , the estimated torque calculator 134 is an estimated torque calculator 134a. Other configurations of logic operation circuit 13a in the second embodiment are the same as those of logic operation circuit 13 in the first embodiment. Similarly, when the flowchart for explaining the operation of the logic operation circuit 13a in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is compared with the flowchart for explaining the operation of the logic operation circuit 13 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. It has become S03a, and step S04 has become step S04a. Other steps of the operation of logic operation circuit 13a in the second embodiment are the same as those of logic operation circuit 13 in the first embodiment.
- step S03a the no-load loss torque calculation unit 133a calculates the total loss P all by using the formula (8), obtains the primary copper loss P c1 by using the formula (9), and obtains the secondary copper loss P c2 by using the formula (10). is the same as that of the no-load loss torque calculator 133 in the first embodiment.
- the no-load loss torque calculator 133a multiplies the rated output P by the stray load loss ratio x to calculate the stray load loss P SLL at the rated output P from the following equation (19). For example, when the stray load loss ratio x is 0.5%, the stray load loss P SLL at the rated output P is calculated by the following equation (20).
- the no-load loss torque Tnll is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S04a.
- the no-load loss torque calculator 133a in the second embodiment considers the stray load loss P SLL at the rated output P, and obtains the no-load loss torque T nll more accurately.
- step S04a the estimated torque calculation unit 134a first removes the no-load loss torque Tnll obtained in step S03a from the total torque Tall obtained in step S02, thereby obtaining the primary estimated torque by the following equation (22).
- the rated torque T 100 at a load factor of 100% is obtained from the rated output P and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 by equation (14).
- the torque loss due to stray load loss at a load factor of 100% is It is obtained by multiplying the rated torque T100 at a load factor of 100% by the stray load loss ratio x.
- Stray load loss torque T SLL is calculated by the following equation (23) from the rated torque T 100 , the primary estimated torque T'', and the stray load loss ratio x.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the processing of the estimated torque calculator 134a according to the second embodiment.
- the motor characteristic input device 14a acquires the information of the stray load loss ratio x, which is the ratio of the stray load loss P SLL to the rated output P, and the no-load loss
- the torque calculator 133a calculates the stray load loss P SLL by multiplying the rated output P by the stray load loss ratio x, and calculates the total loss P all , the primary copper loss P c1 , the secondary copper loss P c2 , the stray load
- the no-load loss torque T nll is calculated from the loss P SLL and the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100
- the estimated torque calculation unit 134a calculates the primary estimated torque T′′ from the total torque T all and the no-load loss torque T nll
- the rated output Rated torque T 100 is calculated from P and rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100
- stray load loss torque T SLL is calculated from rated torque T 100 , primary estimated torque
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the configuration of a motor monitoring device 10b according to Embodiment 3.
- the logical operation circuit 13 is a logical operation circuit 13b.
- Other configurations of the motor monitoring device 10b according to the third embodiment are the same as those of the motor monitoring device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of the logical operation circuit 13b according to the third embodiment. Comparing the logical operation circuit 13b in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 13 with the logical operation circuit 13 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 131b, and the estimated output calculator 135 is the estimated output calculator 135b. Other configurations of logic operation circuit 13b in the third embodiment are the same as those of logic operation circuit 13 in the first embodiment.
- the power supply frequency detection unit 137 obtains the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ from the voltage detection circuit 11 or the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ from the current detection circuit 12, and performs frequency analysis to detect the main bus line 1 estimating the power supply frequency of the power supply connected to and detecting the estimated power supply frequency f es .
- the power supply frequency detection unit 137 obtains, for example, the frequency components of the respective frequencies of the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ or the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ , and the frequency having the largest frequency component is the estimated power supply frequency f es . do.
- the magnetic flux calculator 131b performs integration processing on the right sides of Equations (5 ) and (6) using a filter represented by the transfer function of Equation (13).
- the estimated power supply frequency fes detected by the frequency detection unit 137 is assumed, and the cutoff frequency f2 of the high-pass filter is set to 1/10 or less of the estimated power supply frequency fes .
- the processes in total torque calculation section 132, no-load loss torque calculation section 133, estimated torque calculation section 134, and estimated efficiency calculation section 136 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the estimated output calculator 135b calculates an estimated output P out from the rated output P, the rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , the estimated power supply frequency f es , the number of pole pairs p, the rated slip s 100 and the estimated torque T′.
- Estimated output calculation unit 135b first divides rated output P by rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 to obtain rated torque T 100 at a load factor of 100% by equation (14). It is the same as the output calculator 135 .
- the estimated output calculation unit 135b next assumes that the torque and the slip are in a proportional relationship, and calculates the estimated power supply frequency f es , the number of pole pairs p, the rated slip s 100 , the rated torque T 100 , and the The estimated rotational angular velocity ⁇ r is calculated from the estimated torque T' obtained by the following equation (26). Finally, by multiplying the estimated torque T' by the estimated rotational angular velocity ⁇ r , the estimated output P out is calculated by equation (16). By calculating the estimated rotational angular velocity ⁇ r from the information of the estimated power supply frequency f es , the estimated output P out can be calculated more accurately in the estimated output calculator 135b.
- the power frequency is usually 50 Hz or 60 Hz and hardly fluctuates. However, the power supply frequency may vary from 50Hz or 60Hz. Power supply frequencies other than 50 Hz or 60 Hz may also be used.
- the logical operation circuit 13b includes a power supply frequency detection unit 137 that detects an estimated power supply frequency f es from the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ or the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ ; Estimated output that calculates estimated output P out from rated output P, rated rotational angular velocity ⁇ 100 , estimated power supply frequency f es , pole logarithm p, rated slip s 100 and estimated torque T′, and outputs estimated output P out as an output value.
- the magnetic flux calculator 131b subtracts the product of the stator phase resistance R s by the stator currents i ⁇ and i ⁇ from the stator voltages v ⁇ and v ⁇ and integrates the values.
- the stator interlinkage magnetic fluxes ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ are calculated by this, and the integration process includes two low-pass filters having the estimated power supply frequency fes as the cutoff frequency f 1 ,
- the power supply frequency fluctuates, 50 Hz or Even when a power supply frequency different from 60 Hz is used, the estimated torque T' can be obtained with high accuracy.
- the motor characteristic input device 14a shown in the second embodiment is used as the motor characteristic input device 14a
- the no-load loss torque calculator 133 in the logical operation circuit 13b is the non-load loss torque calculator 133 shown in the second embodiment.
- the load loss torque calculator 133a may be used
- the estimated torque calculator 134 may be the estimated torque calculator 134a shown in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of hardware of the motor monitoring device according to the first, second and third embodiments.
- the logical operation circuits 13 , 13 a, 13 b are implemented by a processor 201 such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes programs stored in a memory 202 .
- the memory 202 is also used as a temporary storage device for each process executed by the processor 201 .
- a plurality of processing circuits may work together to perform the functions described above.
- the above functions may be realized by dedicated hardware. Where dedicated hardware implements the above functions, the dedicated hardware may be, for example, a single circuit, multiple circuits, a programmed processor, an ASIC, an FPGA, or a combination thereof.
- the above functions may be realized by a combination of dedicated hardware and software, or a combination of dedicated hardware and firmware.
- the memory 202 is, for example, RAM, ROM, flash memory, non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as EPROM, magnetic disk, optical disk, or a combination thereof.
- the processor 201, memory 202, voltage detection circuit 11, current detection circuit 12, motor characteristics input unit 14 and output unit 15 are bus-connected to each other.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1による電動機監視装置の構成を示す図である。図1において、電力系統の主母線1から分岐して引き込まれた主回路2に、配線用遮断器3、電磁接触器4、計器用変圧器5および計器用変成器6が設けられており、この主回路2に電動機7が接続されている。電動機7は例えば三相誘導電動機であり、この電動機7に負荷装置8が接続されている。
図8は、実施の形態2による電動機監視装置10aの構成を示す図である。図8に示す実施の形態2による電動機監視装置10aを図1に示す実施の形態1による電動機監視装置10と比較すると、論理演算回路13が論理演算回路13aに、モータ特性入力器14がモータ特性入力器14aになっている。実施の形態2による電動機監視装置10aの他の構成は、実施の形態1による電動機監視装置10の構成と同じである。
図12は、実施の形態3による電動機監視装置10bの構成を示す図である。図12に示す実施の形態3による電動機監視装置10bを図1に示す実施の形態1による電動機監視装置10と比較すると、論理演算回路13が論理演算回路13bになっている。実施の形態3による電動機監視装置10bの他の構成は、実施の形態1による電動機監視装置10の構成と同じである。
したがって、例示されていない無数の変形例が、本願に開示される技術の範囲内において想定される。例えば、少なくとも1つの構成要素を変形する場合、追加する場合または省略する場合、さらには、少なくとも1つの構成要素を抽出し、他の実施の形態の構成要素と組み合わせる場合が含まれるものとする。
Claims (8)
- 電動機の固定子電圧を検出する電圧検出回路と、
前記電動機の固定子電流を検出する電流検出回路と、
前記電動機に関する情報を取得するモータ特性入力器と、
前記電圧検出回路、前記電流検出回路および前記モータ特性入力器からの情報をもとに出力値を算出して出力する論理演算回路とを備え、
前記モータ特性入力器は、
前記電動機の固定子相抵抗、極対数および定格出力と、
前記電動機に供給される電源周波数と、
前記電動機に電源電圧および前記電源周波数が供給されたときの負荷率100%における負荷特性である定格すべりおよび定格回転角速度の少なくとも一方、定格効率および定格三相電流実効値とを取得し、
前記論理演算回路は、
前記固定子電圧、前記固定子電流および前記固定子相抵抗から前記電動機の固定子鎖交磁束を算出する磁束算出部と、
前記固定子鎖交磁束、前記固定子電流および前記極対数から全トルクを算出する全トルク算出部と、
前記定格出力および前記定格効率から全損失を算出し、前記固定子相抵抗および前記定格三相電流実効値から一次銅損を算出し、前記定格すべりおよび前記定格出力から二次銅損を算出し、前記全損失、前記一次銅損、前記二次銅損および前記定格回転角速度から無負荷損トルクを算出する無負荷損トルク算出部と、
前記全トルクおよび前記無負荷損トルクから推定トルクを算出し、前記推定トルクを前記出力値として出力する推定トルク算出部とを備えたことを特徴とする電動機監視装置。 - 前記モータ特性入力器は、前記定格出力における漂遊負荷損の割合である漂遊負荷損割合の情報を取得し、
前記無負荷損トルク算出部は、前記定格出力に前記漂遊負荷損割合を掛け合わせたものを前記漂遊負荷損として算出し、前記全損失、前記一次銅損、前記二次銅損、前記漂遊負荷損および前記定格回転角速度から前記無負荷損トルクを算出し、
前記推定トルク算出部は、前記全トルクおよび前記無負荷損トルクから一次推定トルクを算出し、前記定格出力および前記定格回転角速度から定格トルクを算出し、前記定格トルク、前記一次推定トルクおよび前記漂遊負荷損割合から漂遊負荷損トルクを算出し、前記一次推定トルクから前記漂遊負荷損トルクを除くことにより前記推定トルクを算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電動機監視装置。 - 前記論理演算回路は、
前記定格出力、前記定格回転角速度、前記電源周波数、前記極対数、前記定格すべりおよび前記推定トルクから推定出力を算出し、前記推定出力を前記出力値として出力する推定出力算出部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電動機監視装置。 - 前記論理演算回路は、
前記推定出力を、前記固定子電圧および前記固定子電流から求めた入力電力で除算して推定効率を算出し、前記推定効率を前記出力値として出力する推定効率算出部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電動機監視装置。 - 前記磁束算出部は、前記固定子相抵抗に前記固定子電流を掛けたものを前記固定子電圧から引き去った値を積分処理することにより前記固定子鎖交磁束を算出し、
前記積分処理は、前記電源周波数をカットオフ周波数とするローパスフィルタを2つと、前記電源周波数の1/10以下の周波数をカットオフ周波数とするハイパスフィルタを1つとを直列につなげたフィルタによって行うことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の電動機監視装置。 - 前記論理演算回路からの出力を表示するあるいは前記論理演算回路からの出力をもとに警報を発する出力器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電動機監視装置。
- 前記論理演算回路は、
前記固定子電圧あるいは前記固定子電流から推定電源周波数を検出する電源周波数検出部と、
前記定格出力、前記定格回転角速度、前記推定電源周波数、前記極対数、前記定格すべりおよび前記推定トルクから推定出力を算出し、前記推定出力を前記出力値として出力する推定出力算出部とを備え、
前記磁束算出部は、前記固定子相抵抗に前記固定子電流を掛けたものを前記固定子電圧から引き去った値を積分処理することにより前記固定子鎖交磁束を算出し、
前記積分処理は、前記推定電源周波数をカットオフ周波数とするローパスフィルタを2つと、前記推定電源周波数の1/10以下の周波数をカットオフ周波数とするハイパスフィルタを1つとを直列につなげたフィルタによって行うことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電動機監視装置。 - 電動機の固定子電圧、前記電動機の固定子電流および前記電動機の固定子相抵抗から固定子鎖交磁束を算出する磁束算出ステップと、
前記固定子鎖交磁束、前記固定子電流および前記電動機の極対数から全トルクを算出する全トルク算出ステップと、
前記電動機の定格出力および前記電動機の定格効率から全損失を算出し、前記固定子相抵抗および前記電動機の定格三相電流実効値から一次銅損を算出し、前記電動機の定格すべりおよび前記定格出力から二次銅損を算出し、前記全損失、前記一次銅損、前記二次銅損および前記電動機の定格回転角速度から無負荷損トルクを算出する無負荷損トルク算出ステップと、
前記全トルクおよび前記無負荷損トルクから推定トルクを算出する推定トルク算出ステップとを含む電動機監視方法。
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CN118017902A (zh) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 洛阳九亿重工集团有限公司 | 一种低频应急拖动装置 |
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