WO2023024121A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023024121A1
WO2023024121A1 PCT/CN2021/115166 CN2021115166W WO2023024121A1 WO 2023024121 A1 WO2023024121 A1 WO 2023024121A1 CN 2021115166 W CN2021115166 W CN 2021115166W WO 2023024121 A1 WO2023024121 A1 WO 2023024121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
insulating layer
length
folded
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/115166
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖俊
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP21954644.7A priority Critical patent/EP4199205A1/en
Priority to KR1020237010373A priority patent/KR20230057440A/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2021/115166 priority patent/WO2023024121A1/zh
Priority to CN202180085424.0A priority patent/CN116648813A/zh
Priority to JP2023521384A priority patent/JP2023544430A/ja
Publication of WO2023024121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023024121A1/zh
Priority to US18/127,705 priority patent/US20230231241A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can reduce the risk of a short circuit of the battery cell during use and improve the safety and reliability of the battery.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: a casing, the outer surface of which is away from the inside of the battery cell is covered with a first insulating layer; an end cap assembly, which is arranged on the casing along the length of the battery cell The end of the direction; and the end cap patch, which is attached to the surface of the end cap assembly away from the inside of the battery cell; wherein, the end cap patch is attached with a second insulating layer, and the second insulating layer is at least partially turned towards the casing Fold and meet the first insulating layer.
  • the second insulating layer is first attached to the end cap patch, relying on the adhesiveness of the end cap patch and the second insulating layer itself , the two can be firmly bonded, and the second insulating layer can be folded toward the casing to connect with the first insulating layer, thereby realizing the coating and insulation of the entire outer surface of the battery cell, and enabling the second insulating layer and the first insulating layer to The insulating layer is completely attached to the shell, and the paste is firm, and it will not warp at the folded position, avoiding the end cover patch from falling off, and reducing the risk of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • the end of the first insulating layer on the side close to the end cover assembly and the end of the housing on the side close to the end cover assembly retain a distance of a predetermined length, and the second insulating layer faces the shell
  • the length of the folded body is greater than or equal to a predetermined length, so that the second insulating layer is in contact with the first insulating layer.
  • the second insulating layer folded toward the casing When the length of the second insulating layer folded toward the casing is greater than the predetermined length, the second insulating layer is folded toward the casing and covers a part of the first insulating layer, thereby ensuring that the battery cell is completely covered by the insulating layer, ensuring that the battery cell The overall insulation performance of the body.
  • the length of the second insulating layer folded to the housing is equal to the predetermined length, the second end of the second insulating layer is aligned with the first end of the first insulating layer, so that the second insulating layer is aligned with the first insulating layer.
  • the length of the second insulating layer folded toward the shell is 10-20 mm, which can not only ensure that the second insulating layer is firmly pasted after being folded toward the shell, but also facilitates smoothing.
  • the casing is a square casing
  • the end cap assembly and the end cap patch are a square structure adapted to the shape of the end of the casing along the length direction of the battery cell
  • the second insulating layer is provided with a cutout, The cut extends from the diagonal vertex of the end cover patch to the end of the second insulating layer that is folded toward the casing, so that the second insulating layer forms the first fold on both sides of the end cover patch along the thickness direction of the battery cell.
  • the folded portion and the second folded portion located on both sides of the end cap sticker along the width direction of the battery cell.
  • the first folded part and the second folded part are folded towards the shell respectively, no wrinkles will be generated at the edges and corners of the shell, and a flat flanging will be formed on the shell to improve the effect of insulation protection and will not affect the battery energy density.
  • the end cap patch has a rectangular structure
  • the first folded portion is folded from the long side of the end cap patch to the housing
  • the second folded portion is folded from the short side of the end cap patch to the shell It is convenient to fold and smooth the first folded part and the second folded part, and no wrinkles will be generated at the edges and corners of the housing, which improves the effect of insulation protection.
  • the length of the first folded portion along the width direction of the battery cell is greater than the length of the long side, and the length of the second folded portion along the thickness direction of the battery cell is less than that of the short side.
  • the length of the side is such that the first folded portion can be folded toward the second folded portion after being folded toward the housing, so as to cover a part of the second folded portion.
  • the length of the first folded portion is set to be greater than the length of the long side, so that the first folded portion can be folded toward the casing and then folded toward the second folded portion, so as to cover the corners of the casing and realize the alignment of the casing.
  • the complete coating improves the insulation performance of the shell.
  • the first folded portion is folded toward the second folded portion, so that the overall thickness of the battery cell along the thickness direction of the battery cell does not increase. When the module is used, the overall thickness of the battery module will not be increased, so that the energy density of the battery module will not be affected.
  • the length of the first folded portion along the width direction of the battery cell is 10-20 mm longer than the length of the long side
  • the length of the second folded portion along the thickness direction of the battery cell is The length is 2-4mm shorter than the length of the short side, so as to ensure that the first folded part can be folded towards the second folded part after being folded towards the shell, and cover a part of the second folded part to ensure the integrity of the shell clad.
  • the length of the first folded portion along the width direction of the battery cell is smaller than the length of the long side, and the length of the second folded portion along the thickness direction of the battery cell is greater than the length of the short side.
  • the length of the side is such that the second folded portion can be folded toward the first folded portion after being folded toward the housing, and covers a part of the first folded portion.
  • the second folded portion is folded toward the shell and then folded toward the first folded portion, thereby covering the edges and corners of the shell, realizing complete covering of the shell, and improving the insulation performance of the shell. Moreover, the second folded portion is folded toward the first folded portion, so that the overall width of the battery cell along the width direction of the battery cell does not increase, and when a plurality of battery cells are stacked along the width direction of the battery cell to form a battery When the module is used, the overall width of the battery module will not be increased, so that the energy density of the battery module will not be affected.
  • the length of the first folded portion along the width direction of the battery cell is 2-4 mm shorter than the length of the long side, and the length of the second folded portion along the thickness direction of the battery cell The length is 10-20mm longer than the length of the short side, so as to ensure that the second folded part can be folded towards the first folded part after being folded towards the shell, and cover a part of the first folded part to ensure the integrity of the shell clad.
  • the second insulating layer is attached to the edge region of the surface of the end cover patch away from the end cover assembly, so as to avoid interference with the terminal hole, so that the terminal hole is completely exposed, so that it will not affect the electrode terminal from the terminal hole. wear out.
  • the width of the edge area where the second insulating layer is attached to the end cover patch is 3-7mm, which can ensure that the second insulating layer is firmly attached to the end cover patch and can avoid contact with the terminal hole. interference occurs.
  • the end cover assembly is provided with a protrusion protruding away from the inside of the battery cell, and shoulders located on both sides of the protrusion along the width direction of the battery cell, and the end cover patch is provided with a protrusion corresponding to the protrusion.
  • a suitable protrusion, and an attachment area located on both sides of the protrusion along the width direction of the battery cell, the attachment area is attached with a second insulating layer, so that the second insulating layer covers the shoulder.
  • the size of the attachment area of the end cover patch along the width direction of the battery cell is made small, so that the shoulder position of the end cover assembly is not covered, and the shoulder is covered by the second insulating layer.
  • the second insulating layer has a smaller thickness than the end cap patch, the cooling effect of the cooling device at the shoulder position is enhanced.
  • the width of the attaching area is 3-7mm, which can make the second insulating layer firmly attach to the end cap patch, and enable the second insulating layer to cover a sufficient area of the shoulder, so that the shoulder When the position of the internal part is cooled, the cooling effect is enhanced and the safety performance of the battery cell is improved.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a battery, which is characterized in that it includes a plurality of battery cells as described above, and its overall insulation performance is good, reducing the risk of short circuit and improving the safety of the battery.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electrical device, which is characterized in that it includes the battery as described above, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy and has high safety performance.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery cell coating insulation layer provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the end cap patch of the battery cell in Fig. 5 being attached to the end cap assembly;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the battery cell in FIG. 6 completing insulation layer coating
  • Fig. 8 is a top view of an end cap patch attached with a second insulating layer according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of part I in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a top view of end cap patches attached with a second insulating layer according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of Part II in Figure 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 13 is an exploded schematic diagram of the insulating layer covering the battery cell in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the end cap patch of the battery cell in Fig. 13 being attached to the end cap assembly;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the battery cell in FIG. 14 being covered with an insulating layer
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic exploded view of the insulating layer covering the battery cell in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a top view of the second insulating layer attached to the end cover patch in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view along the line B-B in Fig. 17 .
  • 21-end cap assembly 211-electrode terminal, 212-end cap, 213-bulge; 214-shoulder;
  • 24-end cover patch 241-terminal hole, 242-long side, 243-short side, 244-convex part; 245-attachment area;
  • 26 second insulating layer
  • 261 first folded portion
  • 262 second folded portion
  • 263 second end portion
  • 264 notch
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields . With the continuous expansion of power battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the power battery as the core component of the vehicle, is related to the safety of the vehicle, and the safety of the power battery has become one of the most important criteria for considering the performance of the power battery.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • a battery cell generally includes a casing, an electrode assembly, and an end cap assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is electrically connected to the end cap assembly, and the end cap assembly covers the opening of the casing.
  • the casing and end cap assembly are usually fixed by welding for The electrode assembly and electrolyte provide a closed space.
  • the battery cell After the battery cell is assembled, its outer surface is usually wrapped with a layer of insulating film. On the one hand, it can play the role of insulation and prevent the short circuit between the metal shell and the external line. On the other hand, it can play a protective role to prevent Wear and scratches on the metal casing.
  • the protective film cannot fully wrap the end cap assembly, so the end cap patch is usually attached to the end cap assembly, and its function is the same as that of the insulating film. to the role of insulation and protection. Since the end cap assembly is located at the end of the battery cell in the length direction, the end cap assembly is more susceptible to vibration and shock than the shell during battery use. Therefore, the end cap patch attached to the end cap assembly usually has a higher Thicker size, and higher wear resistance.
  • the end cap patch and the insulating film When installing the end cap patch and the insulating film, first attach the end cap patch to the corresponding position of the end cap assembly, and then wrap the insulating film on the outer surface of the housing.
  • the width of the insulating film exceeds the end of the casing along the length direction of the battery cell by a certain distance. After the insulating film is attached to the outer surface of the casing, the excess part is folded toward the end cap patch and attached to the end cap patch. In this way, the overall outer surface of the battery cell can be wrapped to achieve overall insulation.
  • the applicant has noticed that when the insulating film is folded towards the end cap patch and attached to the end cap patch, it is usually necessary to reserve a wider dimension at the edge of the end cap patch to be able to leave enough space for the insulation
  • the membrane can be folded over and attached to the end cap patch.
  • the position reserved for the folded insulation film on the edge of the end cap patch is very small; similarly, for the end cap assembly with a convex structure, usually The width of the periphery of the convex hull of the end cover assembly is also small, which also makes the reserved position for folding the insulating film very small.
  • the applicant improved the structure of the battery cell, provided an insulating layer on the end cover patch, made the insulating layer folded toward the casing, and connected with the insulating film attached to the casing, It avoids the problem that the insulating film is not easy to be smoothed when it is folded toward the end cover patch, and it is easy to warp, and the overall insulation of the battery cell is realized.
  • the embodiments of the present application are further described below.
  • the battery cells described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to batteries and devices using batteries.
  • Devices that use batteries can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned devices using batteries.
  • the device using a battery is taken as an example for description.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 2 is provided inside a vehicle 1, and a battery 2 refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity, for example, the one mentioned in this application
  • the battery 2 may include a battery module or a battery pack or the like.
  • the battery 2 can be arranged at the bottom or head or tail of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4 , the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to supply power to the motor 4 , for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a battery 2 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a case body 5 and a battery cell 20 , and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case body 5 .
  • the box body 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells 20, and the box body 5 may have various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 51 and a second box body part 52, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 cover each other, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 51
  • the two box parts 52 jointly define an accommodating space 53 for accommodating the battery cells 21 .
  • the second box part 52 can be a hollow structure with an open end, and the first box part 51 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first box part 51 covers the opening side of the second box part 52 to form an accommodating space.
  • the first casing part 51 and the second casing part 52 also all can be the hollow structure of one side opening, and the opening side of the first casing part 51 covers the opening of the second casing part 52 side to form a box body 5 with an accommodating space 53 .
  • the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 51 covers the top of the second box part 52
  • the first box part 51 can also be called an upper box cover
  • the second box part 52 can also be called a lower box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box body 5; of course, a plurality of battery cells 20 can also be connected in series first Or parallel or mixed connection to form a battery pack, and multiple battery packs are connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole, and accommodated in the box body 5 .
  • the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to achieve greater capacity or power.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can also be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery 2 . That is to say, a plurality of battery cells 20 can directly form the battery 2 , or can first form a battery module, and the battery module then forms the battery 2 and is accommodated in the box body 5 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells 20 may be arranged in groups for ease of installation, and each group of battery cells 20 constitutes a battery module 200 .
  • the battery 2 may include a plurality of battery modules 200, and these battery modules 200 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest component unit used to form the battery 2.
  • the battery cell 20 may include a lithium-ion secondary battery cell, a lithium-ion primary battery cell , a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. For the convenience of description, the following embodiments all take the battery cell 20 in the shape of a cuboid as an example.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cap assembly 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and a casing 23 .
  • the casing 23 is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 in the casing 23 .
  • the shell 23 can be of various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the shell 23 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of one or more electrode assemblies 22 .
  • the housing 23 is a hollow cuboid. In other embodiments, the housing 23 may be cylindrical or other shapes.
  • One end of the casing 23 is an opening 231 , and the end cap assembly 21 covers the opening 231 and is connected with the casing 23 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the cavity may be filled with electrolyte.
  • the end cover assembly 21 includes an end cover 212, the end cover 212 is provided with an electrode terminal 211, and the electrode assembly 22 is provided with a tab 221, and the electrode terminal 211 can be used for electrical connection with the tab 221 for use to output the electric energy of the battery cells 20 .
  • Each electrode terminal 211 can be correspondingly provided with a current collecting member, and the current collecting member can be located between the end cap 212 and the tab 221 , so that the electrode terminal 211 and the tab 221 can be electrically connected through the current collecting member.
  • the end cap assembly 21 may also be provided with other functional components, for example, a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value.
  • the housing 23 and the end cover 212 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
  • the casing 23 and the end cap 212 need to be coated and insulated to prevent the risk of a short circuit in the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 212 is provided with an end cap patch 24 (see FIG. 5 ) for insulation and protection of the end cap 212, and the casing 23 is covered with an insulating layer, and the length of the insulating layer along the length direction Z of the battery cell is greater than that of the casing 23 The length along the length direction Z of the battery cell, so that the insulating layer can be folded toward the end cover patch 24 and attached to the end cover patch 24 to fix the end cover patch 24 and realize the battery cell 20 Overall insulation.
  • the electrode terminal 211 is provided on the end cover assembly 21
  • the width of the end cover 212 on both sides of the electrode terminal 211 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is small, resulting in the end cover sticking
  • the area where the insulating layer can be attached to the sheet 24 on both sides of the electrode terminal 211 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is very small.
  • the insulating layer When the width of this area along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is less than 7 millimeters (mm), the insulating layer will When the cover patch 24 is folded in the direction, the smoothing device of the insulating layer cannot flatten and compress the insulating layer within 7mm, which causes the insulating layer on the end cover patch 24 to be easily warped, so that the end cover sticks The sheet 24 is easy to fall off, which reduces the insulation performance of the battery cell 20 and causes the risk of short circuit.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 20 covered with an insulating layer provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the end cap patch 24 of the battery cell 20 in Fig. 5 attached to the end cap assembly 21
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the insulating layer coating of the battery cell 20 in FIG. 6 .
  • a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application includes a casing 23 , an end cap assembly 21 and an end cap patch 24 .
  • the end cover assembly 21 is arranged at the end of the housing 23 along the length direction Z of the battery cell 20 . After the end cover assembly 21 is fixedly connected to the housing 23 , it is necessary to cover the outer surface of the housing 23 away from the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • An insulating layer is applied to protect the outer surface of the housing 23 to achieve insulation of the housing 23 .
  • the outer surface of the casing 23 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 is covered with a first insulating layer 25; the end cap patch 24 is attached to the surface of the end cap 212 away from the interior of the battery cell 20; wherein, the end cap The patch 24 is attached with a second insulating layer 26 , and the second insulating layer 26 is at least partially folded toward the housing 23 and connected to the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the "coating” mentioned in this application means that the insulating layer contains and covers the outer surface of the housing 23, and the way of covering can be through glue, or sticking to the outer surface of the housing 23 through the adhesiveness of the insulating layer material itself.
  • surface; the “attachment” mentioned in this application can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, for example, the end cap patch 24 is attached to the end cap assembly 21 away from the inside of the battery cell 20
  • the end cap patch 24 can be pasted on the surface of the end cap assembly 21 away from the inside of the battery cell 20 by gluing, or it can be pasted on the surface of the end cap assembly 21 away from the inner surface of the battery cell 20 by using the adhesiveness of the end cap patch 24 material itself.
  • the inner surface of the battery cell 20 , or only the surface of the end cap patch 24 facing the end cap assembly 21 is only in contact with the surface of the end cap assembly 21 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating layer 25 covers the outer surface of the casing 23 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 and the bottom of the battery cell 20 .
  • other insulators are provided at the bottom of the battery cell 20 , and the first insulating layer 25 is folded toward the bottom and covers the other insulators at the bottom, so as to achieve the purpose of overall insulation.
  • the first insulating layer 25 can cover the entire outer surface of the casing 23, or only cover a part of the outer surface of the casing 23, so that the part of the first insulating layer 25 close to the end cap assembly 21 along the length direction Z of the battery cell
  • the first end portion 251 on the side and the end portion of the housing 23 on the side close to the end cover assembly 21 keep a distance of a predetermined length.
  • the end cover assembly 21 includes an end cover 212 and an electrode terminal 211 disposed on the end cover 212 .
  • a terminal hole 241 is opened at the position corresponding to the electrode terminal 211 in the end cover patch 24, and the end cover patch 24 avoids the outer peripheral edge area of the terminal hole 241 and attaches a second Two insulating layers 26, the second insulating layer 26 can be bonded to the outer peripheral edge area of the end cover patch 24 by means of gluing, and the adhesiveness of the end cover patch 24 and the second insulating layer 26 material itself can also be used. combine together.
  • the end cap patch 24 adopts polycarbonate (PC), the first insulating layer 25 and the second insulating layer 26 adopt polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PC material and PET material It has good mechanical properties and wear resistance, and can play a good role in protecting and insulating the battery cells 20 .
  • the terminal hole 241 corresponds to the electrode terminal 211, so that the electrode terminal 211 passes through the terminal hole 241 and is exposed, and then the terminal Other parts of the cover patch 24 are close to the end cover assembly 21, so that the end cover patch 24 is attached to the surface of the end cover assembly 21 away from the interior of the battery cell 20, and the end cover patch 24 avoids the outer peripheral edge area of the terminal hole 241
  • the second insulating layer 26 is at least partially folded toward the casing 23 and is in contact with the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the end cover patch 24 is adapted to the shape and size of the surface of the end cover assembly 21 away from the inside of the battery cell 20, and the second insulating layer 26 is pasted on the outer peripheral edge area of the end cover patch 24.
  • the portion of the insulating layer 26 extending to the outside of the end cover assembly 21 can be folded toward the casing 23 , and the folded portion is attached to the casing 23 and connected to the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the second insulating layer 26 is in contact with the first insulating layer 25, and it may be that the second insulating layer 26 covers a part of the first insulating layer 25 along the length direction Z of the battery cell, or it may be that the end of the second insulating layer 26 is in contact with the first insulating layer.
  • An insulating layer 25 is just aligned towards the end of the end cover assembly 21 , so as to realize the coating and insulation of the entire outer surface of the battery cell 20 .
  • the second insulating layer 26 is attached to the end cover sticker 24, and the position of the terminal hole 241 is avoided, Relying on the adhesiveness of the end cover patch 24 and the second insulating layer 26 itself, the two can be firmly bonded.
  • the part of the second insulating layer 26 beyond the end cap patch 24 and the end cap assembly 21 is folded toward the housing 23, because the outer surface of the housing 23 is flat Smooth plane, no interference from other components, so that the second insulating layer 26 is folded toward the casing 23 and then connected to the first insulating layer 25, so as to realize the coating and insulation of the entire outer surface of the battery cell 20, which can make the second insulating layer 26
  • the second insulating layer 26 and the first insulating layer 25 are completely bonded to the housing 23 , and are firmly pasted without warping at the folded position, which prevents the end cover patch 24 from falling off and reduces the risk of a short circuit in the battery cell 20 .
  • the first end 251 of the first insulating layer 25 on the side close to the end cover assembly 21 and the end portion 251 on the side of the housing 23 close to the end cover assembly 21 A distance of a predetermined length L is reserved at the end, and the length of the second insulating layer 26 folded toward the casing 23 is greater than or equal to the predetermined length L, so that the second insulating layer 26 is in contact with the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the second insulating layer 26 folded toward the housing 23 is greater than the predetermined length L, the second insulating layer 26 is folded toward the housing 23 to cover a part of the first insulating layer 25, thereby ensuring that the battery cell 20 as a whole is insulated layer coating to ensure the overall insulation performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the second end 263 of the second insulating layer 26 is just aligned with the first end 251 of the first insulating layer 25 , so that there is no overlap between the second insulating layer 26 and the first insulating layer 25 , so that the overall thickness of the battery cells 20 along the battery cell width direction X and the battery cell thickness direction Y will not increase, and when a plurality of battery cells 20 are stacked to form the battery module 200, the weight of the battery module 200 will not be increased.
  • the arrangement size will not affect the energy density of the battery 2 .
  • the length of the second insulating layer 26 folded toward the casing 23 is 10-20 mm.
  • the folded length of the second insulating layer 26 is set too long, when the second insulating layer 26 is folded, the excessively long length will make the second insulating layer 26 difficult to be smoothed out and easily bubbled, affecting the sticking effect .
  • the folded length of the second insulating layer 26 is set too short, the folded position will not stick firmly and is easy to warp.
  • the length of the second insulating layer 26 folded toward the housing 23 is 10-20mm, which can ensure that the second insulating layer 26 is firmly pasted after being folded toward the housing 23, and is also conducive to smoothing.
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the end cap patch 24 attached with the second insulating layer 26 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the housing 23 is a square housing, and the end cap assembly 21 and the end cap patch 24 are adapted to the shape of the end of the housing 23 along the length direction Z of the battery cell. matching square structure.
  • the second insulating layer 26 is provided with a slit 264, and the slit 264 extends from the diagonal vertex of the end cover patch 24 to the second end 263 of the second insulating layer 26 folded toward the housing 23, so as to Make the second insulating layer 26 form the first folded portion 261 located on both sides of the end cover patch 24 along the battery cell thickness direction Y and the second folded portion located on both sides of the end cover patch 24 along the battery cell width direction X Section 262.
  • Cutouts 264 are respectively provided at the four apex positions of the second insulating layer 26 on the diagonal of the end cover patch 24 to form a first folded portion 261 and a second folded portion 262, so that the first folded portion 261 and the second folded portion
  • the two folded parts 262 are folded towards the shell 23 respectively, no wrinkles will be generated at the edges and corners of the shell 23, and flat flanging is formed on the shell 23, which improves the effect of insulation protection and does not affect the energy density of the battery .
  • the end cover patch 24 is a rectangular structure (the rectangular structure surrounded by the dotted line in FIG.
  • the side 242 is folded toward the housing 23, and the second folded portion 262 is folded from the short side 243 of the end cover patch 24 to the shell 23, thereby facilitating the first folded portion 261 and the second folded portion 262.
  • Folding and smoothing, no wrinkles will be generated at the edges and corners of the housing 23, which improves the effect of insulation protection.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of part I in Fig. 8 .
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 along the width direction X of the battery cell is greater than the length of the long side 242
  • the second The length of the folded portion 262 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is smaller than the length of the short side 243, so that the first folded portion 261 can be folded toward the second folded portion 262 after being folded toward the housing 23 to cover the second folded portion 261.
  • a part of the folded portion 262 is a part of the folded portion 262 .
  • cutouts 264 are respectively provided at the four apex positions of the diagonal line of the end cover patch 24 to avoid wrinkles at the corners of the housing 23 after the second insulating layer 26 is folded, the first folded portion 261 and the second folded portion After the folded portions 262 are respectively folded toward the housing 23, the edges and corners of the housing 23 are not covered.
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 is set to be greater than the length of the long side 242, so that the first folded portion 261 can After being folded, the shell 23 is folded toward the second folded portion 262 , so as to cover the edges and corners of the shell 23 , so as to completely cover the shell 23 and improve the insulation performance of the shell 23 .
  • the overall thickness of the battery cell 20 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell will not increase.
  • the overall thickness of the battery module 200 will not be increased, so that the energy density of the battery module 200 will not be affected.
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 beyond the long side 242 on both sides of the end cap sticker 24 is the first length L1;
  • the length of the second folded portion 262 on both sides of the end cover patch 24 that is shorter than the short side 243 is the second length L2. Since the second folded portion 262 is folded from the short side 243 to the casing 23, along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell, a non-insulating layer of the second length L2 is left at both ends of the side surface on the side of the short side 243 of the casing 23.
  • the portion of the first folded portion 261 that exceeds the first length L1 of the long side 242 is folded toward the direction of the second folded portion 262, so that the portion of the first length L1 covers the portion of the second length L2.
  • the gap where the insulating layer is attached, and a part of the second folded portion 262 should be greater than or equal to the second length L2.
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 along the width direction X of the battery cell is greater than the length of the long side 242 by 10-20 mm, that is, the range of 2 ⁇ L1 satisfies 10 -20mm; the length of the second folded portion 262 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is less than the length of the short side 243 by 2-4mm, that is, the range of 2 ⁇ L2 satisfies 2-4mm, so as to ensure that the first folded portion 261 faces the shell
  • the body 23 can be folded toward the second folded portion 262 to cover a part of the second folded portion 262 to ensure complete covering of the shell 23 .
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of an end cover patch 24 attached with a second insulating layer 26 according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of part II in Fig. 10 .
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 along the width direction X of the battery cell is smaller than the length of the long side 242 , and the length of the second folded portion 262 along the thickness of the battery cell
  • the length of the direction Y is greater than the length of the short side 243 , so that the second folded portion 262 can be folded toward the first folded portion 261 after being folded toward the housing 23 to cover a part of the first folded portion 261 .
  • cutouts 264 are respectively provided at the four apex positions of the diagonal line of the end cover patch 24 to avoid wrinkles at the corners of the housing 23 after the second insulating layer 26 is folded, the first folded portion 261 and the second folded portion After the folded portions 262 are folded to the housing 23 respectively, there is no corner position covering the housing 23, and the length of the second folded portion 262 is set to be greater than the length of the short side 243, so that the second folded portion 262 can After the shell 23 is folded, it is folded toward the first folded portion 261 , so as to cover the edges and corners of the shell 23 , so as to completely cover the shell 23 and improve the insulation performance of the shell 23 .
  • the overall width of the battery cell 20 along the battery cell width direction X will not increase.
  • the Xs are stacked and arranged to form the battery module 200 , the overall width of the battery module 200 will not be increased, thereby not affecting the energy density of the battery module 200 .
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 on both sides of the end cover sticker 24 is respectively shorter than the length of the long side 242 is the third length L3;
  • the length of the second folded portion 262 beyond the short side 243 on both sides of the end cover sticker 24 is the fourth length L4. Since the first folded portion 261 is folded from the long side 242 to the case 23, along the width direction X of the battery cell, a non-insulating layer of a third length L3 is left at both ends of the side surface on the side of the long side 242 of the case 23.
  • the portion of the second folded portion 262 that exceeds the third length L3 of the short side 243 is folded toward the first folded portion 261, so that the portion of the fourth length L4 covers the portion of the third length L3 that is not The gap where the insulating layer is attached, and a part of the second folded portion 262 .
  • the fourth length L4 should be greater than or equal to the third length L3.
  • the length of the first folded portion 261 along the width direction X of the battery cell is 2-4 mm shorter than the length of the long side 242, that is, the range of 2 ⁇ L3 satisfies 2 -4mm; the length of the second folded portion 262 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is greater than the length of the short side 243 by 10-20 mm, that is, the range of 2 ⁇ L4 satisfies 10-20 mm, so that the second folded portion 262 can be ensured to the shell
  • the body 23 can be folded toward the first folded portion 261 to cover a part of the first folded portion 261 to ensure complete covering of the shell 23 .
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 8 .
  • a second insulating layer 26 is attached to the edge region of the surface of the end cap patch 24 away from the end cap assembly 21 . Since the end cover patch 24 is provided with a terminal hole 241 for accommodating the electrode terminal 211, the width of the end cover patch 24 on both sides of the terminal hole 241 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is relatively small. When attached to the end cover patch 24 , interference with the terminal hole 241 should be avoided so that the terminal hole 241 is completely exposed, so as not to affect the electrode terminal 211 passing through the terminal hole 241 .
  • the width L5 of the edge region where the second insulating layer is attached to the end cap patch is 3-7 mm, which can ensure that the second insulating layer 26 is firmly attached to the end cap patch 24 and can avoid Interference occurs with the terminal hole 241 .
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 20 coated with an insulating layer in another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the end cap patch 24 of the battery cell 20 in FIG. 13 attached to the end cap assembly 21
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 in FIG. 14 being coated with an insulating layer.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 show schematic diagrams of battery cells 20 in other embodiments of the present application. These embodiments are the same as the embodiments shown in FIGS.
  • a second insulating film 26 is attached, and the second insulating layer 26 is at least partially folded toward the casing 23 and connected to the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the second insulating layer 26 includes first folded portions 261 located on both sides of the end cover patch 24 along the battery cell thickness direction Y and second folded portions located on both sides of the end cover patch 24 along the battery cell width direction X. Fold 262.
  • the first folded portion 261 and the second folded portion 262 are respectively folded toward the housing 23, no wrinkles will be generated at the corners of the housing 23, and flat flanges are formed on the housing 23 to improve the effect of insulation protection. It does not affect the energy density of the battery.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is provided with a convex shell 213 protruding away from the inside of the battery cell 20, and the electrode terminal 211 It is arranged on the convex hull 213. Due to the existence of the convex hull 213, the width of the end cap 212 on both sides of the convex hull 213 along the thickness direction Y of the battery cell is small, so that the end cap patch 24 is placed on the electrode terminal 211 along the battery cell. The area where the insulating layer can be attached to both sides in the thickness direction Y is very small.
  • the covering method is adopted to fold the insulating layer from the shell 23 to the end cover patch 24, there are usually problems that the flanging is not easy to be smoothed by the smoothing device. flat pressing problem. Therefore, in this embodiment, for the battery cell 20 whose end cap assembly 21 is provided with a convex hull 213, the end cap patch 24 is also provided with a convex portion 244 matching the convex hull 213, and the convex portion 244 is The terminal holes 241 corresponding to the electrode terminals 211 are also correspondingly provided.
  • the outer surface of the casing 23 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 is covered with a first insulating layer 25; the end cap patch 24 is attached to the end cap assembly 21 away from the battery.
  • the end cover patch 24 is attached with a second insulating layer 26, the second insulating layer 26 is located at the edge area of the end cover patch 24 avoiding the convex portion 244, and the second insulating layer 26 is at least partially Fold toward the shell 23 and connect with the first insulating layer 25 .
  • the second insulating layer 26 is attached to the end cover sticker 24, and the position of the protrusion 244 is avoided, Relying on the adhesiveness of the end cover patch 24 and the second insulating layer 26 itself, the two can be firmly bonded.
  • the part of the second insulating layer 26 beyond the end cap patch 24 and the end cap assembly 21 is folded toward the housing 23, because the outer surface of the housing 23 is flat Smooth plane, no interference from other components, so that the second insulating layer 26 is folded toward the casing 23 and then connected to the first insulating layer 25, so as to realize the coating and insulation of the entire outer surface of the battery cell 20, which can make the second insulating layer 26
  • the second insulating layer 26 and the first insulating layer 25 are completely bonded to the housing 23 , and are firmly pasted without warping at the folded position, which prevents the end cover patch 24 from falling off and reduces the risk of a short circuit in the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 20 covered with an insulating layer according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 shows a battery cell 20 in another embodiment.
  • the battery cell 20 is the same as the battery cell 20 in the embodiment shown in FIGS.
  • the end cover sticker 24 is provided with a convex portion 244 corresponding to the convex hull 213 , the difference is that the end cover sticker 24 does not cover the entire end cover assembly 21 .
  • FIG. 17 is a top view of an end cover patch 24 attached with a second insulating layer 26 according to some other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view along the line B-B in FIG. 17 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 is provided with a convex shell 213 protruding away from the inside of the battery cell, and two sides of the convex shell 213 along the width direction X of the battery cell.
  • the shoulder 214, the end cover patch 24 is provided with a convex portion 244 that is compatible with the convex shell 214, and an attachment area 245 located on both sides of the protrusion 244 along the width direction X of the battery cell.
  • the attachment area 245 is attached with The second insulating layer 26 , so that the second insulating layer 26 covers the shoulder 214 .
  • the protrusion 213 of the end cover assembly 21 is respectively provided with shoulders 214 of a certain width on both sides of the battery cell width direction X, and the battery cell 20 can be provided with a cooling device (not shown in the figure) at the position corresponding to the shoulders 214. It is used to cool the battery cell 20 to ensure the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the size of the end cover patch 24 along the width direction X of the battery cell is made small, so as not to cover the position of the shoulder 214 of the end cover assembly 21, and at the end
  • the second insulating layer 26 is attached to the edge area of the cover patch 24 , and the shoulder 214 is covered by the second insulating layer 26 to ensure the insulating effect of the shoulder 214 . Since the second insulating layer 26 has a thinner thickness than the end cover patch 21 , the cooling effect of the cooling device at the position of the shoulder 214 is enhanced.
  • the dotted line position in FIG. 17 indicates the edge position of the end cap patch 24 , and the second insulating layer 26 is attached to the end cap patch 24 to cover the long side 242 and the short side 243 of the end cap patch 24 .
  • the width L6 of the attachment area 245 located on both sides of the protrusion 244 along the width direction X of the battery cell can be set to relatively small.
  • the width L6 of the attaching area 245 is 3-7 mm, which can make the second insulating layer 26 firmly attach to the end cover patch 24 and enable the second insulating layer 26 to cover a sufficient area of the shoulder. portion 214, so that when cooling is performed at the position of the shoulder portion 214, the cooling effect is enhanced, and the safety performance of the battery cell 20 is improved.
  • the battery 2 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery cells 20 as described above, and its overall insulation performance is good, which reduces the risk of short circuit and improves the safety of the battery 2 .
  • the electric device provided by the embodiment of the present application uses the battery 2 as described above, and the battery 2 is used to provide electric energy, and has high safety performance.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电池单体、电池和用电装置，电池单体包括：壳体，其远离电池单体内部的外表面包覆有第一绝缘层；端盖组件，其设置于壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部；和端盖贴片，其附接于端盖组件远离电池单体内部的表面；其中，端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层，第二绝缘层至少部分向壳体翻折并与第一绝缘层相接。本申请的电池单体，在端盖贴片附接至端盖组件之前，先将第二绝缘层贴附至端盖贴片上，能够使第二绝缘层及第一绝缘层与壳体完全贴合，粘贴牢固，不会在翻折位置产生起翘，避免端盖贴片脱落，降低电池单体产生短路的风险。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键。在这种情况下，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。而对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。保护电池在使用过程中不发生短路，提高电池的安全性、可靠性至关重要。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够减小电池单体在使用过程发生短路的风险，提高电池的安全性和可靠性。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种电池单体，包括：壳体，其远离电池单体内部的外表面包覆有第一绝缘层；端盖组件，其设置于壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部；和端盖贴片，其附接于端盖组件远离电池单体内部的表面；其中，端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层，第二绝缘层至少部分向壳体翻折并与第一绝缘层相接。
本申请的电池单体，在端盖贴片附接至端盖组件之前，先将第二绝缘层贴附至端盖贴片上，依靠端盖贴片及第二绝缘层自身的粘结性，能够使二者粘结牢固，使第二绝缘层向壳体翻折后与第一绝缘层相接，从而实现电池单体整体外表面的包覆绝缘，能够使第二绝缘层及第一绝缘层与壳体完全贴合，粘贴牢固，不会在翻折位置产生起翘，避免端盖贴片脱落，降低电池单体产生短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿电池单体长度方向，第一绝缘层靠近端盖组件一侧的端部与壳体靠近端盖组件一侧的端部保留预定长度的距离，第二绝缘层向壳体翻折的长度大于等于预定长度，以使第二绝缘层与第一绝缘层相接。
第二绝缘层向壳体翻折的长度大于预定长度时，使第二绝缘层向壳体翻折后覆盖第一绝缘层的一部分，从而确保电池单体整体被绝缘层包覆，保证电池单体的整体绝缘性能。第二绝缘层向壳体翻折的长度等于预定长度时，第二绝缘层的第二端部正好与第一绝缘层的第一端部对齐相接，使第二绝缘层与第一绝缘层不存在重叠的部分，使电池单体分别沿电池单体宽度方向和电池单体厚度方向的整体厚度不会产生增加，当多个电池单体堆叠形成电池模块时，不会增加电池模块的排列尺寸，不会影响电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层向壳体翻折的长度为10-20mm，既能保证第二绝缘层向壳体翻折后粘贴牢固，又有利于抚平。
在一些实施例中，壳体为方形壳体，端盖组件和端盖贴片为与壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部形状相适配的方形结构，第二绝缘层设有切口，切口从端盖贴片的对角线顶点延伸至第二绝缘层向壳体翻折的端部，以使第二绝缘层形成位于端盖贴片沿电池单体厚度方向两侧的第一翻折部和位于端盖贴片沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的第二翻折部。
第一翻折部和第二翻折部分别向壳体翻折，在壳体的棱角位置不会产生褶皱，在壳体上形成平整的翻边，提高绝缘保护的效果，并不会影响电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，端盖贴片为长方形结构，第一翻折部从端盖贴片的长边向壳体翻折，第二翻折部从端盖贴片的短边向壳体翻折，便于对第一翻折部和第二翻折部的翻折抚平，在壳体的棱角位置不会产生褶皱，提高绝缘保护的效果。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层展开的状态下，第一翻折部沿电池单体宽度方向的长度大于长边的长度，第二翻折部沿电池单体厚度方向的长度小于短边的长度，以使第一翻折部向壳体翻折后能够向第二翻折部翻折，包 覆第二翻折部的一部分。
将第一翻折部的长度设置大于长边的长度，能够使第一翻折部向壳体翻折后向第二翻折部翻折，从而包覆壳体的棱角位置，实现对壳体的完整包覆，提高壳体的绝缘性能。并且，第一翻折部向第二翻折部翻折，电池单体沿电池单体厚度方向的整体厚度不会增加，在将多个电池单体沿电池单体厚度方向进行堆叠排列形成电池模块时，不会增加电池模块的整体厚度，从而不会影响电池模块的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层展开的状态下，第一翻折部沿电池单体宽度方向的长度大于长边的长度10-20mm，第二翻折部沿电池单体厚度方向的长度小于短边的长度2-4mm，从而能够确保第一翻折部向壳体翻折后能够向第二翻折部翻折，包覆第二翻折部的一部分，保证对壳体的完整包覆。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层展开的状态下，第一翻折部沿电池单体宽度方向的长度小于长边的长度，第二翻折部沿电池单体厚度方向的长度大于短边的长度，以使第二翻折部向壳体翻折后能够向第一翻折部翻折，包覆第一翻折部的一部分。
使第二翻折部向壳体翻折后向第一翻折部翻折，从而包覆壳体的棱角位置，实现对壳体的完整包覆，提高壳体的绝缘性能。并且，第二翻折部向第一翻折部翻折，电池单体沿电池单体宽度方向的整体宽度不会增加，在将多个电池单体沿电池单体宽度方向进行堆叠排列形成电池模块时，不会增加电池模块的整体宽度，从而不会影响电池模块的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层展开的状态下，第一翻折部沿电池单体宽度方向的长度小于长边的长度2-4mm，第二翻折部沿电池单体厚度方向的长度大于短边的长度10-20mm，从而能够确保第二翻折部向壳体翻折后能够向第一翻折部翻折，包覆第一翻折部的一部分，保证对壳体的完整包覆。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层贴附于端盖贴片远离端盖组件的表面的边缘区域，避免与端子孔发生干涉，使端子孔完全外露，从而不会影响电极端子从端子孔中穿出。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层贴附于端盖贴片的边缘区域的宽度为3-7mm，即能保证第二绝缘层在端盖贴片上贴附牢固，又能避免与端子孔发生干涉。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件设有向远离电池单体内部方向凸出的凸包，和位于凸包沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的肩部，端盖贴片设有与凸包相适配的凸部，和位于凸部沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的贴附区，贴附区贴附有第二绝缘层，以使第二绝缘层覆盖肩部。
为了提高肩部位置的冷却装置的冷却效果，将端盖贴片沿电池单体宽度方向的贴附区尺寸做小，不覆盖端盖组件的肩部位置，通过第二绝缘层覆盖肩部，以保证肩部的绝缘效果。由于第二绝缘层具有比端盖贴片更小的厚度，因此，增强了冷却装置在肩部位置的冷却效果。
在一些实施例中，贴附区的宽度为3-7mm，能够使第二绝缘层牢固的贴附与端盖贴片上，并能够使第二绝缘层覆盖足够面积的肩部，从而在肩部的位置进行冷却时，增强冷却效果，提高电池单体的安全性能。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种电池，其特征在于，包括多个如上所述的电池单体，其整体绝缘性能良好，减小短路的风险，提高电池的安全性。
本申请实施例的第三方面提供一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如上所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能，安全性能高。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见，以下描述的附图仅仅是本申请的具体实施例，本领域技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，可以根据以下附图获得其他实施例。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图；
图6为图5中的电池单体的端盖贴片贴附于端盖组件的示意图；
图7为图6中的电池单体完成绝缘层包覆的示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层的俯视图；
图9为图8中的Ⅰ部放大图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例的端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层的俯视图；
图11为图10中的Ⅱ部放大图；
图12为图8中A-A向剖视图；
图13为本申请另一些实施例的电池单体包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图；
图14为图13中的电池单体的端盖贴片贴附于端盖组件的示意图；
图15为图14中的电池单体完成绝缘层包覆的示意图；
图16为本申请又一些实施例的电池单体包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图；
图17为本申请又一些实施例的端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层的俯视图；
图18为图17中的B-B向剖视图。
附图标记：
1-车辆、2-电池、3-控制器、4-马达、5-箱体；
51-第一箱体部、52-第二箱体部、53-容纳空间；
20-电池单体；200-电池模块；
21-端盖组件、211-电极端子、212-端盖、213-凸包；214-肩部；
22-电极组件、221-极耳；
23-壳体、231-开口；
24-端盖贴片、241-端子孔、242-长边、243-短边、244-凸部；245-贴附区；
25-第一绝缘层、251-第一端部；
26-第二绝缘层、261-第一翻折部、262-第二翻折部、263-第二端部、264-切口。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
在如电动汽车等电动载具领域，动力电池作为车辆的核心部件，关乎用车的安全，动力电池的安全性，成为考量动力电池性能最重要的标准之一。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
目前，电池单体一般包括壳体、电极组件和端盖组件，电极组件与端盖组件电连接，端盖组件盖合于壳体的开口，壳体和端盖组件通常采用焊接连接固定，以为电极组件和电解液提供一个密闭空间。
电池单体组装完成后，通常会其外表面包裹一层绝缘膜，一方面可以起到绝缘的作用，防止金属壳体与外线路发生短接，另一方面可以起到保护的作用，以防止金属壳体的磨损、刮花。此外，由于端盖组件需要引出电极端子，所以保护膜无法实现对端盖组件的完全包裹，因此通常还会在端盖组件上贴附端盖贴片，其功能与绝缘膜一样，都是起到绝缘和保护的作用。由于端盖组件位于电池单体长度方向的端部，在电池使用过程中，端盖组件比壳体更易受到振动冲击，因此，贴附在端盖组件上的端盖贴片通常具有比绝缘膜更厚的尺寸，和更高的耐磨强度。
在安装端盖贴片和绝缘膜时，先将端盖贴片贴合在端盖组件的相应位置上，再将绝缘膜对壳体的外表面进行包裹。绝缘膜宽度超出壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部一定距离，绝缘膜贴附在壳体外表面后，将超出的部分向端盖贴片方向翻折并贴附在端盖贴片上，从而实现对电池单体整体外表面的包裹，以实现整体绝缘。
申请人注意到，将绝缘膜向端盖贴片翻折并贴附在端盖贴片上，通常需要在端盖贴片的边缘预留较宽的尺寸，以能够留出足够的空间使绝缘膜能够翻折并贴附在端盖贴片上。而对于尺寸较小的端盖组件，由于其上设有电极端子，从而使端盖贴片边缘预留翻折绝缘膜的位置非常小；同样，对于设有凸包结构的端盖组件，通常端盖组件凸包周边的宽度也较小，也使预留翻折绝缘膜的位置非常小。对于这类边缘较窄的端盖贴片，在将绝缘膜向端盖贴片翻折下压时，由于电极端子或凸包结构的干涉，导致下压空间不足，翻边不易抚平，容易起翘。
为了解决上述问题，申请人对电池单体的结构进行了改进，在端盖贴片上设置绝缘层，使绝缘层向壳体方向翻折，并与壳体上贴附的绝缘膜相接，避免了使绝缘膜向端盖贴片翻折不易抚平，容易起翘的问题，实现了电池单体的整体绝缘。下面对本申请实施例进行进一步描述。
本申请实施例描述的电池单体适用于电池以及使用电池的装置。
使用电池的装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述使用电池的装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以使用电池的装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1的结构示意图。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块，例如，本申请中所提到的电池2可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部 或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池2的爆炸示意图。
如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体20，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52相互盖合，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52共同限定出用于容纳电池单体21的容纳空间53。第二箱体部52可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51可以为板状结构，第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5；第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52连接后的密封性，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的顶部，第一箱体部51亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部52亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体20为多个。多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池组，多个电池组再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
根据不同的电力需求，电池单体20的数量可以设置为任意数值。多个电池单体20可通过串联、并联或混联的方式连接以实现较大的容量或功率。多个电池单体20还可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池2。也就是说，多个电池单体20可以直接组成电池2，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池2，并容纳于箱体5内。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池模块200的结构示意图。
如图3所示，由于每个电池2中包括的电池单体20的数量可能较多，为了便于安装，可以将电池单体20分组设置，每组电池单体20组成电池模块200。电池2可以包括多个电池模块200，这些电池模块200可通过串联、并联或混联的方式进行连接。
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸示意图。
请参见图4，电池单体20是指用以组成电池2的最小组成单元，在本申请的一些实施例中，电池单体20可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此不限定。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定，为便于说明，在下述实施例中均以长方体形状的电池单体20为示例。
请继续参见图4，电池单体20包括端盖组件21、电极组件22和壳体23。壳体23用于将电极组件22容纳于壳体23内。壳体23可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，具体地，壳体23的形状可以根据一个或多个电极组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。在一些实施例中，壳体23为中空的长方体。在另一些实施例中，壳体23可以是圆柱形或其他形状。壳体23的一端为开口231，端盖组件21覆盖该开口231并且与壳体23连接，形成放置电极组件22的封闭的腔体。腔体内可以填充有电解液。在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括端盖212，端盖212上设置有电极端子211，电极组件22上设置有极耳221，电极端子211可以用于与极耳221电连接，以用于输出电池单体20的电能。每个电极端子211可以对应设置有集流构件，可以使该集流构件位于端盖212 和极耳221之间，以使电极端子211和极耳221可以通过集流构件实现电连接。端盖组件21还可以设置有其他功能性部件，例如，用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。壳体23和端盖212的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
将电池单体20的端盖组件21、电极组件22和壳体23组装完成并注入电解液后，需要对壳体23和端盖212进行包覆绝缘，以防止电池单体20发生短路的风险。通常，端盖212上设置端盖贴片24(见图5)用于端盖212的绝缘和保护，壳体23包覆绝缘层，绝缘层沿电池单体长度方向Z的长度大于壳体23沿电池单体长度方向Z的长度，从而使绝缘层能够向端盖贴片24翻折并贴附于端盖贴片24上，对端盖贴片24进行固定，并实现电池单体20的整体绝缘。但对于整体外形尺寸较小的电池单体20，由于端盖组件21上设置电极端子211，端盖212在电极端子211沿电池单体厚度方向Y的两侧的宽度较小，导致端盖贴片24在电极端子211沿电池单体厚度方向Y的两侧能够贴附绝缘层的区域非常小，当该区域沿电池单体厚度方向Y的宽度小于7毫米(mm)时，绝缘层向端盖贴片24方向翻折时，绝缘层的抚平装置无法将绝缘层在7mm范围内将绝缘层抚平压紧，导致端盖贴片24上的绝缘层容易起翘，从而使端盖贴片24容易脱落，降低了电池单体20的绝缘性能，产生短路的风险。
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图；图6为图5中的电池单体20的端盖贴片24贴附于端盖组件21的示意图；图7为图6中的电池单体20完成绝缘层包覆的示意图。
如图5至图7所示，本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20，包括壳体23、端盖组件21和端盖贴片24。端盖组件21设置于壳体23沿电池单体20长度方向Z的端部，将端盖组件21与壳体23固定连接后，需要在壳体23远离电池单体20内部的的外表面包覆一层绝缘层，对壳体23的外表面进行保护，以实现对壳体23的绝缘。本实施例中，壳体23远离电池单体20内部的外表面包覆有第一绝缘层25；端盖贴片24附接于端盖212远离电池单体20 内部的表面；其中，端盖贴片24贴附有第二绝缘层26，第二绝缘层26至少部分向壳体23翻折并与第一绝缘层25相接。
本申请中所述的“包覆”是指绝缘层包容覆盖壳体23的外表面，包覆的方式可以是通过胶粘，或者通过绝缘层材料自身的粘结性粘贴至壳体23的外表面；本申请中所述的“附接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，例如，端盖贴片24附接于端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面，可以是通过胶粘的方式将端盖贴片24粘贴于端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面，或者利用端盖贴片24材料自身的粘结性粘贴至端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面，又或者是仅端盖贴片24朝向端盖组件21的表面仅与端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面相接触。
如图5所示，第一绝缘层25包覆壳体23远离电池单体20内部的外表面，以及电池单体20的底部。或者电池单体20的底部设置其他绝缘件，第一绝缘层25向底部方向翻折并包覆底部的其他绝缘件，以起到整体绝缘的目的。第一绝缘层25可以包覆壳体23的整体外表面，也可以只包覆壳体23外表面的一部分，以使沿电池单体长度方向Z第一绝缘层25的靠近端盖组件21一侧的第一端部251与壳体23靠近端盖组件21一侧的端部保留预定长度的距离。
本实施例中，端盖组件21包括端盖212和设于端盖212上的电极端子211。为了使电极端子211外露以和外部线路电连接，在端盖贴片24与电极端子211相对应的位置开设端子孔241，端盖贴片24避开端子孔241的外周边缘区域贴附有第二绝缘层26，第二绝缘层26可以通过胶粘的方式贴合于端盖贴片24的外周边缘区域，也可以利用端盖贴片24以及第二绝缘层26材料本身的粘结性粘合在一起。
在一些具体实施例中，端盖贴片24采用聚碳酸酯(PC)，第一绝缘层25和第二绝缘层26采用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，PC材料和PET材料具有良好的力学性能和耐磨性能，能对电池单体20起到良好的保护和绝缘作用。
如图6和图7所示，将端盖贴片24附接至端盖组件21时，将端子孔241对应电极端子211，使电极端子211从端子孔241中穿出并外露，再使端盖贴片24其他部位紧贴端盖组件21，使端盖贴片24附接于端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面后，端盖贴片24避开端子孔241的外周边缘区域的第二绝缘层26至少部分向壳体23翻折并与第一绝缘层25相接。本实施例中，端盖贴片24与端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面的形状尺寸相适配，在端盖贴片24的外周边缘区域贴附第二绝缘层26，第二绝缘层26延伸至端盖组件21外部的部分即可向壳体23方向翻折，翻折的部分贴附至壳体23上与第一绝缘层25相接。第二绝缘层26与第一绝缘层25相接，可以是沿电池单体长度方向Z第二绝缘层26覆盖第一绝缘层25的一部分，也可以是第二绝缘层26的端部与第一绝缘层25朝向端盖组件21的端部正好对齐，从而实现电池单体20整体外表面的包覆绝缘。
本实施例的电池单体20，在端盖贴片24附接至端盖组件21之前，先将第二绝缘层26贴附至端盖贴片24上，并避开端子孔241的位置，依靠端盖贴片24及第二绝缘层26自身的粘结性，能够使二者粘结牢固。在端盖贴片24附接至端盖组件21之后，使第二绝缘层26超出端盖贴片24和端盖组件21的部分向壳体23翻折，由于壳体23的外表面为平整光滑的平面，不存在其他元件的干涉，使第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折后与第一绝缘层25相接，从而实现电池单体20整体外表面的包覆绝缘，能够使第二绝缘层26及第一绝缘层25与壳体23完全贴合，粘贴牢固，不会在翻折位置产生起翘，避免端盖贴片24脱落，减小电池单体20产生短路的风险。
请继续参加图5，在一些实施例中，沿电池单体长度方向Z，第一绝缘层25靠近端盖组件21一侧的第一端部251与壳体23靠近端盖组件21一侧的端部保留预定长度L的距离，第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的长度大于等于预定长度L，以使第二绝缘层26与第一绝缘层25相接。
第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的长度大于预定长度L时，使第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折后覆盖第一绝缘层25的一部分，从而确保电池单体20 整体被绝缘层包覆，保证电池单体20的整体绝缘性能。
请继续参见图7，第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的长度等于预定长度L时，使第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折后，第二绝缘层26从端盖贴片24向外侧延伸的第二端部263正好与第一绝缘层25的第一端部251对齐相接，从而完整包覆电池单体20。本实施例中，第二绝缘层26的第二端部263正好与第一绝缘层25的第一端部251对齐相接，使第二绝缘层26与第一绝缘层25不存在重叠的部分，使电池单体20分别沿电池单体宽度方向X和电池单体厚度方向Y的整体厚度不会产生增加，当多个电池单体20堆叠形成电池模块200时，不会增加电池模块200的排列尺寸，不会影响电池2的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的长度为10-20mm。第二绝缘层26翻折的长度设置的过长时，在对第二绝缘层26进行翻折时，过长的长度使第二绝缘层26不易被抚平，容易起泡，影响贴附效果。第二绝缘层26翻折的长度设置的过短时，在翻折的位置粘贴不牢容易起翘。第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的长度为10-20mm，既能保证第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折后粘贴牢固，又有利于抚平。
图8为本申请一些实施例的端盖贴片24贴附有第二绝缘层26的俯视图。
请参见图5至图8，在一些实施例中，壳体23为方形壳体，端盖组件21和端盖贴片24为与壳体23沿电池单体长度方向Z的端部形状相适配的方形结构。
如图8所示，第二绝缘层26设有切口264，切口264从端盖贴片24的对角线顶点延伸至第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折的第二端部263，以使第二绝缘层26形成位于端盖贴片24沿电池单体厚度方向Y两侧的第一翻折部261和位于端盖贴片24沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧的第二翻折部262。
在第二绝缘层26位于端盖贴片24的对角线的四个顶点位置分别设置切口264，形成第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262，使第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262分别向壳体23翻折，在壳体23的棱角位置不会产生褶皱，在壳 体23上形成平整的翻边，提高绝缘保护的效果，并不会影响电池的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，端盖贴片24为长方形结构(图8中的虚线围成的长方形结构即端盖贴片24的边缘位置)，第一翻折部261从端盖贴片24的长边242向壳体23翻折，第二翻折部262从端盖贴片24的短边243向壳体23翻折，从而便于对第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262的翻折抚平，在壳体23的棱角位置不会产生褶皱，提高绝缘保护的效果。
图9为图8中的Ⅰ部放大图。
如图7至图9所示，在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层26展开的状态下，第一翻折部261沿电池单体宽度方向X的长度大于长边242的长度，第二翻折部262沿电池单体厚度方向Y的长度小于短边243的长度，以使第一翻折部261向壳体23翻折后能够向第二翻折部262翻折，包覆第二翻折部262的一部分。由于在端盖贴片24的对角线的四个顶点位置分别设置切口264，以避免第二绝缘层26翻折后在壳体23棱角位置产生褶皱，因此第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262分别向壳体23翻折后，并没有包覆壳体23的棱角位置，将第一翻折部261的长度设置大于长边242的长度，能够使第一翻折部261向壳体23翻折后向第二翻折部262翻折，从而包覆壳体23的棱角位置，实现对壳体23的完整包覆，提高壳体23的绝缘性能。并且，第一翻折部261向第二翻折部262翻折，电池单体20沿电池单体厚度方向Y的整体厚度不会增加，在将多个电池单体20沿电池单体厚度方向Y进行堆叠排列形成电池模块200时，不会增加电池模块200的整体厚度，从而不会影响电池模块200的能量密度。
如图9所示，在一些实施例中，沿电池单体宽度方向X，第一翻折部261在端盖贴片24的两侧分别超出长边242的长度为第一长度L1；沿电池单体厚度方向Y，第二翻折部262在端盖贴片24的两侧分别短于短边243的长度为第二长度L2。由于第二翻折部262从短边243向壳体23翻折后，沿电池单体厚度方向Y，在壳体23短边243一侧的侧面两端留有第二长度L2的无绝缘层贴附的间隙，因此将第一翻折部261超出长边242的第一长度L1的部 分向第二翻折部262方向翻折，使第一长度L1的部分包覆第二长度L2的无绝缘层贴附的间隙，以及第二翻折部262的一部分。具体地，应使第一长度L1大于等于第二长度L2。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层26展开的状态下，第一翻折部261沿电池单体宽度方向X的长度大于长边242的长度10-20mm，即2×L1的范围满足10-20mm；第二翻折部262沿电池单体厚度方向Y的长度小于短边243的长度2-4mm，即2×L2的范围满足2-4mm，从而能够确保第一翻折部261向壳体23翻折后能够向第二翻折部262翻折，包覆第二翻折部262的一部分，保证对壳体23的完整包覆。
图10为本申请另一些实施例的端盖贴片24贴附有第二绝缘层26的俯视图。图11为图10中的Ⅱ部放大图。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层26展开的状态下，第一翻折部261沿电池单体宽度方向X的长度小于长边242的长度，第二翻折部262沿电池单体厚度方向Y的长度大于短边243的长度，以使第二翻折部262向壳体23翻折后能够向第一翻折部261翻折，包覆第一翻折部261的一部分。由于在端盖贴片24的对角线的四个顶点位置分别设置切口264，以避免第二绝缘层26翻折后在壳体23棱角位置产生褶皱，因此第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262分别向壳体23翻折后，并没有包覆壳体23的棱角位置，将第二翻折部262的长度设置大于短边243的长度，能够使第二翻折部262向壳体23翻折后向第一翻折部261翻折，从而包覆壳体23的棱角位置，实现对壳体23的完整包覆，提高壳体23的绝缘性能。并且，第二翻折部262向第一翻折部261翻折，电池单体20沿电池单体宽度方向X的整体宽度不会增加，在将多个电池单体20沿电池单体宽度方向X进行堆叠排列形成电池模块200时，不会增加电池模块200的整体宽度，从而不会影响电池模块200的能量密度。
如图11所示，在一些实施例中，沿电池单体宽度方向X，第一翻折部261在端盖贴片24的两侧分别短于长边242的长度为第三长度L3；沿电池单体厚度方向Y，第二翻折部262在端盖贴片24的两侧分别超出短边243的长 度为第四长度L4。由于第一翻折部261从长边242向壳体23翻折后，沿电池单体宽度方向X，在壳体23长边242一侧的侧面两端留有第三长度L3的无绝缘层贴附的间隙，因此将第二翻折部262超出短边243的第三长度L3的部分向第一翻折部261方向翻折，使第四长度L4的部分包覆第三长度L3的无绝缘层贴附的间隙，以及第二翻折部262的一部分。具体地，应使第四长度L4大于等于第三长度L3。
在一些实施例中，在第二绝缘层26展开的状态下，第一翻折部261沿电池单体宽度方向X的长度小于长边242的长度2-4mm，即2×L3的范围满足2-4mm；第二翻折部262沿电池单体厚度方向Y的长度大于短边243的长度10-20mm，即2×L4的范围满足10-20mm，从而能够确保第二翻折部262向壳体23翻折后能够向第一翻折部261翻折，包覆第一翻折部261的一部分，保证对壳体23的完整包覆。
图12为图8中A-A向剖视图。
如图12所示，在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层26贴附于端盖贴片24远离端盖组件21的表面的边缘区域。由于端盖贴片24上设有容纳电极端子211的端子孔241，导致端盖贴片24在端子孔241沿电池单体厚度方向Y两侧的宽度较小，在将第二绝缘层26贴附于端盖贴片24时，应避免与端子孔241发生干涉，使端子孔241完全外露，从而不会影响电极端子211从端子孔241中穿出。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘层贴附于端盖贴片的边缘区域的宽度L5为3-7mm，即能保证第二绝缘层26在端盖贴片24上贴附牢固，又能避免与端子孔241发生干涉。
图13为本申请另一些实施例的电池单体20包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图；图14为图13中的电池单体20的端盖贴片24贴附于端盖组件21的示意图；图15为图14中的电池单体20完成绝缘层包覆的示意图。
图13至图15显示了本申请另一些实施例的电池单体20的示意图，这些实施例与图5至图7所显示的实施例的相同之处在于，端盖贴片24的外周 边缘区域贴附有第二绝缘膜26，第二绝缘层26至少部分向壳体23翻折并与第一绝缘层25相接。同样，第二绝缘层26包括位于端盖贴片24沿电池单体厚度方向Y两侧的第一翻折部261和位于端盖贴片24沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧的第二翻折部262。第一翻折部261和第二翻折部262分别向壳体23翻折，在壳体23的棱角位置不会产生褶皱，在壳体23上形成平整的翻边，提高绝缘保护的效果，并不会影响电池的能量密度。
图13至图15所显示的实施例与图5至图7所显示的实施例的不同之处在于端盖组件21设有向远离电池单体20内部方向凸出的凸包213，电极端子211设置在凸包213上，由于凸包213的存在，导致端盖212在凸包213沿电池单体厚度方向Y两侧的宽度较小，导致端盖贴片24在电极端子211沿电池单体厚度方向Y的两侧能够贴附绝缘层的区域非常小，采用将绝缘层从壳体23向端盖贴片24方向翻折的包覆方式，通常也会存在翻边不易被抚平装置抚平压紧的问题。因此，本实施例中，对于端盖组件21设有凸包213的电池单体20，其端盖贴片24上也相应设有与凸包213相适配的凸部244，凸部244上也相应设有与电极端子211相对应的端子孔241，壳体23远离电池单体20内部的外表面包覆有第一绝缘层25；端盖贴片24附接于端盖组件21远离电池单体20内部的表面；其中，端盖贴片24贴附有第二绝缘层26，第二绝缘层26位于端盖贴片24避开凸部244的边缘区域，第二绝缘层26至少部分向壳体23翻折并与第一绝缘层25相接。
本实施例的电池单体20，在端盖贴片24附接至端盖组件21之前，先将第二绝缘层26贴附至端盖贴片24上，并避开凸部244的位置，依靠端盖贴片24及第二绝缘层26自身的粘结性，能够使二者粘结牢固。在端盖贴片24附接至端盖组件21之后，使第二绝缘层26超出端盖贴片24和端盖组件21的部分向壳体23翻折，由于壳体23的外表面为平整光滑的平面，不存在其他元件的干涉，使第二绝缘层26向壳体23翻折后与第一绝缘层25相接，从而实现电池单体20整体外表面的包覆绝缘，能够使第二绝缘层26及第一绝缘层25与壳体23完全贴合，粘贴牢固，不会在翻折位置产生起翘，避免 端盖贴片24脱落，减小电池单体20产生短路的风险。
图16为本申请又一些实施例的电池单体20包覆绝缘层的爆炸示意图。
图16显示了又一实施例的电池单体20，该电池单体20与图13至图15显示的实施例的电池单体20的相同之处都在于端盖组件21设有凸包213，端盖贴片24设有与凸包213相对应的凸部244，其不同之处在于，端盖贴片24未覆盖全部的端盖组件21。
图17为本申请又一些实施例的端盖贴片24贴附有第二绝缘层26的俯视图；图18为图17中的B-B向剖视图。
如图16至图18所示，在一些实施例中，端盖组件21设有向远离电池单体内部方向凸出的凸包213，和位于凸包213沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧的肩部214，端盖贴片24设有与凸包214相适配的凸部244，和位于凸部244沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧的贴附区245，贴附区245贴附有第二绝缘层26，以使第二绝缘层26覆盖肩部214。
端盖组件21的凸包213沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧分别设有一定宽度的肩部214，电池单体20在肩部214相对应的位置可以设置冷却装置(图中未显示)用于对电池单体20进行冷却，保证电池单体20的安全性。本实施例中，为了提高肩部214位置的冷却装置的冷却效果，将端盖贴片24沿电池单体宽度方向X的尺寸做小，不覆盖端盖组件21的肩部214位置，在端盖贴片24的边缘区域贴附第二绝缘层26，通过第二绝缘层26覆盖肩部214，以保证肩部214的绝缘效果。由于第二绝缘层26具有比端盖贴片21更小的厚度，因此，增强了冷却装置在肩部214位置的冷却效果。
图17中虚线位置表示端盖贴片24的边缘位置，第二绝缘层26贴附至端盖贴片24上，覆盖端盖贴片24的长边242和短边243。
如图18所示，为了能够使第二绝缘层26覆盖端盖组件21的肩部214的大部分，位于凸部244沿电池单体宽度方向X两侧的贴附区245的宽度L6可以设置的相对较小。在一些实施例中，贴附区245的宽度L6为3-7mm，能够使第二绝缘层26牢固的贴附与端盖贴片24上，并能够使第二绝缘层26覆 盖足够面积的肩部214，从而在肩部214的位置进行冷却时，增强冷却效果，提高电池单体20的安全性能。
本申请实施例提供的电池2，包括多个如上所述的电池单体20，其整体绝缘性能良好，减小短路的风险，提高电池2的安全性。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，例如车辆1，使用如上所述的电池2，电池2用于提供电能，安全性能高。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，其远离所述电池单体内部的外表面包覆有第一绝缘层；
    端盖组件，其设置于所述壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部；和
    端盖贴片，其附接于所述端盖组件远离所述电池单体内部的表面；
    其中，
    所述端盖贴片贴附有第二绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层至少部分向所述壳体翻折并与所述第一绝缘层相接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，沿电池单体长度方向，所述第一绝缘层靠近所述端盖组件一侧的端部与所述壳体靠近所述端盖组件一侧的端部保留预定长度的距离，所述第二绝缘层向所述壳体翻折的长度大于等于所述预定长度，以使所述第二绝缘层与所述第一绝缘层相接。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第二绝缘层向所述壳体翻折的长度为10-20mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，
    所述壳体为方形壳体，
    所述端盖组件和所述端盖贴片为与所述壳体沿电池单体长度方向的端部形状相适配的方形结构，
    所述第二绝缘层设有切口，所述切口从所述端盖贴片的对角线顶点延伸至所述第二绝缘层向所述壳体翻折的端部，以使所述第二绝缘层形成位于所述端盖贴片沿电池单体厚度方向两侧的第一翻折部和位于所述端盖贴片沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的第二翻折部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述端盖贴片为长方形结构，所述第一翻折部从所述端盖贴片的长边向所述壳体翻折，所述第二翻折部从所述端盖贴片的短边向所述壳体翻折。
  6. 根据权利要求4-5任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在所述第二绝缘层展开的状态下，所述第一翻折部沿所述电池单体宽度方向的长度大于所述长边的长度，所述第二翻折部沿所述电池单体厚度方向的长度小于所述短边的长度，以使所述第一翻折部向所述壳体翻折后能够向所述第二翻折部翻折，包覆所述第二翻折部的一部分。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在所述第二绝缘层展开的状态下，所述第一翻折部沿所述电池单体宽度方向的长度大于所述长边的长度10-20mm，所述第二翻折部沿所述电池单体厚度方向的长度小于所述短边的长度2-4mm。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在所述第二绝缘层展开的状态下，所述第一翻折部沿所述电池单体宽度方向的长度小于所述长边的长度，所述第二翻折部沿所述电池单体厚度方向的长度大于所述短边的长度，以使所述第二翻折部向所述壳体翻折后能够向所述第一翻折部翻折，包覆所述第一翻折部的一部分。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，在所述第二绝缘层展开的状态下，所述第一翻折部沿所述电池单体宽度方向的长度小于所述长边的长度2-4mm，所述第二翻折部沿所述电池单体厚度方向的长度大于所述短边的长度10-20mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第二绝 缘层贴附于所述端盖贴片远离所述端盖组件的表面的边缘区域。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第二绝缘层贴附于所述端盖贴片的边缘区域的宽度为3-7mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，
    所述端盖组件设有向远离所述电池单体内部方向凸出的凸包，和位于所述凸包沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的肩部，
    所述端盖贴片设有与所述凸包相适配的凸部，和位于所述凸部沿电池单体宽度方向两侧的贴附区，
    所述贴附区贴附有所述第二绝缘层，以使所述第二绝缘层覆盖所述肩部。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述贴附区的宽度为3-7mm。
  14. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体。
  15. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2021/115166 2021-08-27 2021-08-27 电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2023024121A1 (zh)

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