WO2023013454A1 - Moteur à réluctance - Google Patents

Moteur à réluctance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023013454A1
WO2023013454A1 PCT/JP2022/028604 JP2022028604W WO2023013454A1 WO 2023013454 A1 WO2023013454 A1 WO 2023013454A1 JP 2022028604 W JP2022028604 W JP 2022028604W WO 2023013454 A1 WO2023013454 A1 WO 2023013454A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
salient poles
phase
stator
excitation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/028604
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
三四郎 荻野
據義 内川
嘉也 横尾
茂人 大内
健一 深津
Original Assignee
株式会社ゲネシス・ラボ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社ゲネシス・ラボ filed Critical 株式会社ゲネシス・ラボ
Priority to JP2022563339A priority Critical patent/JP7197960B1/ja
Publication of WO2023013454A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023013454A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reluctance motors.
  • a switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as an SR motor) is known.
  • Ogino et al. the inventors of the present invention, have proposed, as a reluctance motor, a hybrid reluctance motor in which a coil and a permanent magnet are provided at the magnetic poles of a stator (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • the proposed hybrid SR motor is a reluctance motor in which permanent magnets are arranged in gaps between adjacent magnetic poles of the stator.
  • This hybrid type SR motor is driven by a DC pulse current, and has the advantage that it can be controlled digitally and the control circuit can be composed of a digital circuit.
  • expensive permanent magnets are not used in the rotor, there is an advantage that the cost can be reduced and high torque can be output.
  • the above-mentioned hybrid SR motor is a motor that can achieve high efficiency (high torque) by making good use of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux excited by the coil.
  • the present invention has been made in view of this problem, and its object is to provide an SR motor with even higher efficiency.
  • a magnet is arranged in a gap between the tips of a plurality of salient poles made of a magnetic member so as to be in contact with the lateral parts of the tips, and the salient poles and a rotor having projections provided facing the salient poles, wherein the length of the projections of the rotor in the circumferential direction is equal to the The circumferential length of the magnet of the stator and the circumferential length of the salient pole facing the rotor are equal, and the horizontal portion of the salient pole where the magnet is arranged is the base side where the winding is applied. It has a thicker jaw, the ratio of the number of salient poles of the stator to the number of protrusions of the rotor is 4:3, and the number of drive phases is four.
  • the ratio of the circumferential width on the rotor side to the circumferential width on the base side of the jaw is 1:1, Preferably, the radial length of the jaws is approximately 0.25 with respect to the radial length of the salient poles.
  • the number of salient poles of the stator is 12 and the number of projections of the rotor is 9.
  • the salient poles of the stator are excited by four-phase excitation currents, and the salient poles of one phase are excited in the first half of the excitation time of the salient poles. is excited by overlapping excitation of one adjacent salient pole, during the second half of the excitation time, it is excited by overlapping excitation of the other adjacent salient pole, and during the middle of the excitation time, excitation of both adjacent salient poles is preferably excited independently without overlapping with .
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stator core portion and a rotor core portion of a reluctance motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of salient poles of the stator
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a magnetic path when the rotor is at 0°; It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state where the rotor rotated 5 degrees. It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state where the rotor rotated 10 degrees. It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state which the rotor rotated 15 degrees. It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state where the rotor rotated 20 degrees.
  • FIG. 4 is a time chart showing excitation pulses in the first embodiment; It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state which the rotor rotated 17.5 degrees.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a part of the magnetic path of FIG. 9 as a schematic diagram; It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state which the rotor rotated 16 degrees. It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state which the rotor rotated 19 degrees.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the magnetic path of the reluctance motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and showing the magnetic path when the rotor is rotated by 0°; It is a figure which shows the magnetic path in the state which the rotor rotated 7.5 degrees.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the magnetic path of FIG. 18 as a magnetic circuit
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the positional relationship and magnetic path between the salient poles and the rotor of the conventional SR motor corresponding to FIG. 18
  • 21 is a diagram showing the magnetic path of FIG. 20 as a magnetic circuit
  • FIG. It is an example of calculating the torque of the HBSR motor of the second embodiment and the torque of the conventional SR motor by magnetic circuit analysis.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a reluctance motor according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the reluctance motor of the first embodiment applies an SR motor and a hybrid magnet, and is hereinafter referred to as an HBSR motor.
  • This HBSR motor has a stator 1 and a rotor 2 .
  • the HBSR motor of the first embodiment is an example in which the stator 1 has 12 salient poles (teeth) and the rotor 2 has 9 protrusions (teeth).
  • the stator 1 includes 12 salient poles 11a to 11l, 12 magnets 12a to 12l arranged in gaps between the lateral portions of the tips of the salient poles 11a to 11l and the lateral portions of the adjacent salient poles. It has 12 windings 13a-13l which are installed by winding coils around the root sides of the salient poles 11a-11l. Roots of the respective salient poles 11a to 11l are connected in the circumferential direction by a connecting portion 14 corresponding to the back yoke.
  • salient poles 11a to 11l, magnets 12a to 12l, and windings 13a to 13l will be referred to as salient poles 11, magnets 12, and windings 13, respectively, when specific salient poles, magnets, and windings are not meant. called.
  • the stator material forming the salient poles 11 of the stator 1 is made of a soft magnetic material with a high magnetic permeability.
  • a material in which soft iron thin plates with extremely high saturation magnetic flux density are laminated is used.
  • the magnet 12 has an inverted trapezoidal or rectangular shape in which the radial length of the surface facing the rotor 2 is the same as or slightly smaller than the radial length of the tip of the salient pole 11 .
  • the magnets 12 are made of neodymium and have a high residual magnetic flux density. It is arranged so as to be in contact with the lateral part. That is, when looking at one salient pole 11a, between the salient poles 11b and 11l on both sides thereof, N is on the own pole side and S on the other pole side. A magnet that is magnetized is provided so that S is on the other pole side and N is on the other pole side.
  • each magnet 12 in the circumferential direction of the motor (the distance between adjacent salient poles) is equal to the length of the tip of the salient pole 11 in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnet 12 is fixed by adhering it to the salient pole 11 with an adhesive or the like.
  • a permanent magnet such as a samarium-cobalt magnet or ferrite can also be used as the magnet 12 .
  • the windings 13 are formed by winding coils in the same direction from the coupling portion 14 side of the stator 1 toward the tip of the salient poles 11 .
  • the number of turns of the coil is about 100-200.
  • the winding direction of the coil the coil may be wound from the distal end side of the salient pole 11 toward the connecting portion 14 side.
  • the winding method is preferably aligned winding, but other winding methods may be used. Alternatively, the winding directions may alternately differ so that the magnetic poles are reversed for each adjacent salient pole when the same phase excitation pulse current is applied.
  • the rotor 2 has nine protrusions 21a to 21i.
  • the center also has the rotation axis 23 of the motor.
  • any one of the projections 21a to 21i will be used when an individual projection 21 is designated.
  • the projecting portion 21 serves as a pole tooth, and by facing the salient pole 11, provides a stable point for the flow of magnetic flux.
  • the circumferential length of each protrusion 21 has a size that covers a mechanical angle of 15 degrees, and is substantially equal to the circumferential length of each magnet 12 and salient pole 11 of the stator 1 facing each other. ing.
  • a magnetic material with a high saturation magnetic flux density is used as the iron core material of the rotor 2 .
  • a lamination of thin silicon steel plates is used.
  • Other soft magnetic materials such as soft iron and permalloy may also be used.
  • the jaw part 112 has a shape in which the width of the lateral part of the tip of the salient pole 11 facing the rotor 2 where the magnet is arranged is wider than the part around which the winding 13 is wound.
  • the ratio of the width of the tip portion to the width of the base portion connected to the connecting portion 14 is 1 when the stator has 12 salient poles 11 and the rotor has 9 protrusions 21. : 0.8 to 1:0.66.
  • the ratio of the radial length C of the jaw 112 to the length D of the base side where the winding is applied is about 1 when the number of salient poles of the stator is 12 and the number of projections of the rotor is 9. : about 4.
  • the length of D decreases and the radial length of the magnets 12 also decreases, but the amount of magnets as a whole does not decrease.
  • each magnet 12 forms a closed magnetic path from the salient poles 11 of the stator through the connecting portion 14 .
  • the SBSR motor is characterized in that the main magnetic path formed by the excited salient poles 11 and the magnetic paths formed by the respective magnets cooperate to give the rotor 2 a rotational motion.
  • FIG. 3 to 7 show magnetic paths formed by the stator 1 and the rotor 2 in the rotating state (shifted state) of the rotor of the HBSR motor according to the first embodiment, and FIG. The operation will be described with reference to time charts of exciting pulse currents for the poles 11a to 11l. In order to show the magnetic path, the winding portion is omitted in the drawing.
  • FIG. 3 is the pulse waveform of FIG. 8 and explains the magnetic path formed by the rotor 2 and the stator 1 in the state shown at 0°.
  • the electromagnets of the salient poles 11 are excited in phases A and B, and the magnetic path formed by the phases A and B becomes the main magnetic path.
  • the direction of the magnetic force line is a closed magnetic path that passes through the rotor 2 from the A-phase salient pole 11 through the air gap, returns to the B-phase salient pole 11, passes through the connecting portion 14, and returns to the A-phase salient pole 11. is generating
  • This main closed magnetic circuit is represented by a thick line in FIG.
  • the C phase and D phase are not excited, but the magnet 12 is inserted between the salient poles 11, and the magnetic force line of the magnet (magnet between D and C) 21, a closed magnetic path is formed within the stator 1 without facing the rotor 2 because there is an air gap between them.
  • the closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnets of this non-excited phase is represented by a thin line in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows the magnetic path formed by the rotor 2 and stator 1 in the state of 5° in FIG.
  • the rotor 2 has rotated 5° clockwise.
  • the energized salient poles 11 are the same as at 0°, that is, the A phase and the B phase, so the direction of the magnetic lines of force is the same as at 0°, and the magnetic lines of force of the magnet 12 are also the same.
  • FIG. 5 shows the magnetic path formed by the rotor 2 and stator 1 in the state of 10° in FIG.
  • the rotor 2 has rotated 10 degrees from the position of 0 degrees, and at this time, the electromagnets of the salient poles 11 are excited in phases A and D, as shown by the pulse waveforms in FIG.
  • the main magnetic path forms a closed magnetic path from the A-phase salient pole 11 through the rotor 2, into the D-phase salient pole 11, and back to the A-phase salient pole 11 through the connecting portion 14. are doing.
  • FIG. 6 shows the magnetic path formed by the rotor 2 and stator 1 in the state indicated by 15° in FIG.
  • the electromagnets of the salient poles 11 are excited in the A phase and the D phase, and the projections 21 of the rotor 2 face the salient poles 11 excited by the A phase among the salient poles 11 of the stator 1.
  • the lines of magnetic force of the magnets 12 do not face the rotor 2 and form a closed magnetic path within the stator 1 .
  • FIG. 7 shows the magnetic path formed by the rotor 2 and stator 1 in the state of 20° in FIG.
  • the electromagnet of the salient pole 11 is excited by the D-phase and the C-phase, and the magnetic line of force of the main magnetic path extends from the salient pole 11 of the C-phase through the air gap with the rotor 2 to the salient pole of the D-phase. 11 and returns to the salient pole 11 of the C phase.
  • Magnetic lines of force formed by the magnets of the non-excited A-phase salient poles 11 and the B-phase salient poles 11 form a closed magnetic circuit within the stator 1 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a time chart of the excitation pulse current.
  • the excitation pulse current shown in FIG. 8 is such that a reverse-phase current flows through the winding 13 alternately in the A, B, C, and D phases.
  • This is an example of an excitation pulse current when the windings 13 of the salient poles 11 are wound in the same direction. alternately with different magnetic poles.
  • the excitation pulse current in FIG. 8 becomes the same excitation if the excitation pulse current has the same phase.
  • the excitation ON time of each phase is 15°, and the excitation OFF time is 25°. Dividing the 15° excitation ON time into front, middle, and back by 5°, the front 5° is two-phase excitation, the middle 5° is one-phase excitation, and the rear 5° is two-phase excitation.
  • the D phase it overlaps with the A phase for the front 5°, overlaps with the C phase for the rear 5°, but overlaps with any phase for the middle 5°. not.
  • the 5° interval is located between the timing when the excitation of the A phase is turned off and the timing when the excitation of the C phase is turned on. At this timing, two-phase excitation of 5 degrees forward and 5 degrees backward is one-phase excitation, so the current flows twice as much in the windings. In other words, the current that has flowed in two phases until then becomes one phase, so that twice the current flows in one phase during the middle 5° period.
  • FIG. 9 shows the magnetic path at 17.5° rotation. Since phases A, B, and C are not excited, the behavior of the magnetic lines of force of the magnets differs from that in the case of two-phase excitation shown in FIGS. Regarding the A phase, the N pole of the magnet between AB (referred to as AcwN because it is in the rotating direction) passes through the S pole of the magnet between AB (referred to as BccwS because it is in the opposite direction of rotation) and the connecting portion 14 to form a closed magnetic path.
  • AcwN the N pole of the magnet between AB
  • BccwS because it is in the opposite direction of rotation
  • AccwN passes from the jaw through the air gap to the projection 21 of the rotor 2, forms a closed magnetic path with DcwS, joins the D-phase electromagnet in the excitation ON state, passes through the connecting portion 14, and passes through the B-phase.
  • BccwS and a closed magnetic circuit are formed.
  • CcwN forms a closed magnetic circuit with BcwS through the connecting portion 14 .
  • CccwN passes from the jaw through the air gap to the protrusion 21 of the rotor, forms a closed magnetic path with DccwS, joins the D-phase electromagnet in the excitation ON state, passes through the connecting portion 14, and passes through the B-phase BcwS. and form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • the protrusion 21 of the rotor 2 has not yet reached the C-phase salient pole by about 2.5°. Since the D-phase is in an excited state, the A-phase magnet AccwN and the C-phase magnet CccwN are forcibly attracted to the D-phase. At this time, in the positional relationship between the A phase and the rotor 2, the normal vector is strong and the tangential vector is weak. Also from the relationship, the sum with the tangent vector of the C phase makes the tangent vector in the rotational direction stronger than the tangent vector acting as a brake of the A phase.
  • the magnetic path at 16° before the 17.5° rotation and at 19° after the rotation will be examined.
  • the state of 16° is the state immediately after the excitation of the A phase is turned off, and the state of 19° is the state immediately before the excitation of the C phase is turned on.
  • the A-phase at 16° is forcibly passed through the rotor 2 through the air gap by the inflow of magnetic lines of force due to the excitation of the D-phase, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with DcwS and DccwS.
  • the cw tangent vector of the D phase is stronger than the ccw tangent vector of the A phase.
  • FIG. 11 shows the magnetic path at 16°.
  • the positional relationship between the A phase and the rotor 2 is a 4° ccw tangent vector
  • the positional relationship between the D phase and the rotor 2 is a 6° cw tangent vector.
  • CccwN can sufficiently form a closed magnetic circuit with DcwS.
  • the cw tangent vector becomes stronger due to the positional relationship between the D phase, the A phase, and the C phase, and the magnetic path is strengthened.
  • FIG. 12 shows the magnetic path at 19°.
  • the excitation timings do not overlap during 5° of the 15° of the excitation on timing of one phase, but the excitation timings of the B and C phases of the 15° of the excitation timing are off. It is believed that the magnetic field lines of the magnet strengthen the main magnetic path.
  • the number of salient poles of the stator is 12 and the number of projections of the rotor 2 is 9, and the excitation pulse current of four phases is A, B, C, and D, two phases each, for a period of 5°, By overlapping, only one phase is excited during the intermediate 5° period, and by controlling the drive timing at 15° excitation ON and 25° excitation OFF, it is possible to drive with a strengthened magnetic path, high torque output, Highly efficient output is now possible.
  • the second embodiment is an SR motor in which the stator 1 has eight salient poles 11 and the rotor has six protrusions, and is driven and controlled in four phases.
  • FIG. 13 to 16 show magnetic circuits in the rotating state of the rotor of an SR motor in which the stator 1 has eight salient poles and the rotor 2 has six projections.
  • 14 shows magnetic lines of force at 7.5°, FIG. 15 at 15°, and FIG. 16 at 22.5°.
  • FIG. 17 shows a time chart of excitation pulses in this second embodiment.
  • the circumferential length of the rotor projections 21 is equal to the circumferential length of the stator magnets, and the rotation angle is 22. .5°.
  • the excitation pulse current has an excitation ON time of 22.5° and an excitation OFF time of 37.5°. Also in this embodiment, the former 1/3 of the excitation ON time is 2-phase excitation, the middle 1/3 is 1-phase excitation, and the latter 1/3 is 2-phase excitation, thereby strengthening the magnetic path.
  • the circumferential length of the protrusions 21 is the length of the magnets 12 of the stator 1 in the circumferential direction. It is equal to the length of the tip in the circumferential direction, and the rotation angle is 45°.
  • FIG. 18 schematically shows the positional relationship and the magnetic path in a state where the protruding portion 21 of the rotor 2 rotates slightly (x minutes) from FIG. It is a figure represented in .
  • the direction of the arrow is the direction of the lines of magnetic force.
  • a characteristic feature is that the lines of magnetic force from the protrusions 21 of the rotor 2 to the salient poles 11 and from the salient poles 11 to the protrusions 21 are partially fan-shaped.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram representing the magnetic path of FIG. 18 as a magnetic circuit.
  • R is the magnetic resistance
  • ⁇ 1 is the magnetic flux density of the electromagnet
  • ⁇ 2 is the magnetic flux density of the rotor
  • R1 is the magnetic resistance of the electromagnet
  • R2 is the magnetic resistance of the salient pole 11
  • R3 is the connecting portion.
  • R4 is the magnetic resistance of the rotor 2;
  • R0 is the magnetic resistance of the protrusion 21;
  • Rn is the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet; It is the attractive force (magnetomotive force) of the magnet.
  • the magnetic resistance from the projection 21 to the salient pole 11 is divided into three, R01 is the magnetic resistance going perpendicularly from the projection 21 to the salient pole 11, and R0H1 and R0H2 are the fan-shaped magnetic resistances.
  • the magnetoresistance on the salient pole side is represented by xR2a, and the magnetoresistance on the fan-shaped side is represented by (1-x)R2a and R2b.
  • Equation (2) ⁇ 2H
  • SOH represents the cross-sectional area on which the sector-shaped magnetic lines of force act.
  • the attractive force of the motor until the protrusion 21 of the rotor 2 overlaps the salient pole 11 is calculated. It generates twice as much torque, indicating that high torque output and high efficiency output are possible.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur SR hybride à haut rendement.　Ce moteur à réluctance comprend : un stator dans lequel des aimants sont disposés dans des espaces où les extrémités d'une pluralité de pôles saillants comprenant un élément magnétique sont adjacentes l'une à l'autre, de manière à entrer en contact avec les parties latérales des extrémités, et qui comporte des enroulements pour exciter les pôles saillants ; et un rotor qui est disposé en regard des pôles saillants et qui comporte des parties protubérantes. La longueur d'une protubérance du rotor dans la direction circonférentielle est égale à la longueur, dans la direction circonférentielle, des aimants et des protubérances situés en regard. Les pôles saillants présentent des parties mâchoires formées de telle sorte que les parties latérales où les aimants sont disposés soient plus épaisses que le côté de base où les enroulements sont enroulés. Le rapport entre le nombre de pôles saillants du stator et le nombre de parties protubérantes du rotor est de 4 : 3. Le moteur à réluctance est attaqué par des courants d'attaque quadriphasés.
PCT/JP2022/028604 2021-08-02 2022-07-25 Moteur à réluctance WO2023013454A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022563339A JP7197960B1 (ja) 2021-08-02 2022-07-25 リラクタンスモータ

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JP2021-126683 2021-08-02
JP2021126683 2021-08-02

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WO2023013454A1 true WO2023013454A1 (fr) 2023-02-09

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009136150A (ja) * 2009-03-23 2009-06-18 Genesis:Kk リラクタンスモータ
JP2013081350A (ja) * 2011-09-30 2013-05-02 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co Ltd スイッチドリラクタンスモータ
JP2016013050A (ja) * 2014-06-02 2016-01-21 株式会社小松製作所 回転電機及び回転電機の制御装置
JP2018011396A (ja) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 株式会社豊田自動織機 回転電機

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009136150A (ja) * 2009-03-23 2009-06-18 Genesis:Kk リラクタンスモータ
JP2013081350A (ja) * 2011-09-30 2013-05-02 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co Ltd スイッチドリラクタンスモータ
JP2016013050A (ja) * 2014-06-02 2016-01-21 株式会社小松製作所 回転電機及び回転電機の制御装置
JP2018011396A (ja) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 株式会社豊田自動織機 回転電機

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