WO2023010728A1 - 光学系统和头戴显示设备 - Google Patents

光学系统和头戴显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023010728A1
WO2023010728A1 PCT/CN2021/134056 CN2021134056W WO2023010728A1 WO 2023010728 A1 WO2023010728 A1 WO 2023010728A1 CN 2021134056 W CN2021134056 W CN 2021134056W WO 2023010728 A1 WO2023010728 A1 WO 2023010728A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
extension part
optical system
light
end point
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PCT/CN2021/134056
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘风磊
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歌尔光学科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023010728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023010728A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of optical display, in particular to an optical system and a head-mounted display device.
  • the Head Mount Display can provide users with an immersive virtual screen experience.
  • a waveguide is usually used to guide the light from the position of the light source, and the light is coupled out of the waveguide and injected into the human eye. It is sometimes difficult to form a clear image with a single waveguide, so it is necessary to splice other optical lenses on the basis of the waveguide.
  • a splicing gap is formed between the waveguide and the optical lens, and the light is deflected or scattered when it passes through the splicing gap.
  • the user wears the head-mounted display device, he can see the splicing gap between the two, causing the user to see the screen without splicing. The light deflected by the gap affects the imaging effect of the picture.
  • the splicing gap is formed between the waveguide sheet and the optical lens in the current head-mounted display device, and the light deflected by the splicing gap affects the imaging effect of the picture
  • an optical system which includes:
  • the first lens has a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged, and the first lens also includes a light coupling end surface and an abutting end surface away from the light coupling end surface, and the light coupling end surface Connected to the first surface and the second surface, the butt end surface is connected to the first surface and the second surface, the light is coupled into the first lens from the light inductive end surface, and the light is at least reflected to the butt end surface through one of the first surface and the second surface;
  • a correction lens the correction lens is arranged on the abutting end surface of the first lens, the correction lens is used for correcting aberrations, the correction lens includes a third surface abutting with the first surface, and a third surface abutting with the first lens a fourth surface where the two surfaces abut; and
  • the first extension part is integrally formed with the first lens or the correction lens
  • the second extension part is integrally formed with the first lens or the correction lens
  • the first extending portion extends and covers the abutting position of the first surface and the third surface
  • the second extending portion extends and covers the abutting position of the second surface and the fourth surface.
  • the first lens, the correcting lens, the first extension and the second extension are made of the same transparent medium.
  • the first surface has a first end point away from the correction lens
  • the third surface has a third end point far away from the first lens
  • the second surface has a point far away from the correction lens.
  • the fourth surface has a fourth endpoint remote from the first lens
  • the first extension part When the first extension part is integrally formed with the correction lens, the first extension part extends from the third end point to the first end point;
  • the first extension part When the first extension part is integrally formed with the first lens, the first extension part extends from the first end point to the third end point;
  • the second extension part When the second extension part is integrally formed with the correction lens, the second extension part extends from the fourth end point to the second end point;
  • the second extension part When the second extension part is integrally formed with the first lens, the second extension part extends from the second end point to the fourth end point.
  • a direction perpendicular to the first surface is defined as a thickness direction, and the thickness of the first extension part is equal to the thickness of the second extension part.
  • the optical system also includes:
  • the dichroic lens is disposed on one side of the second surface of the first lens
  • phase retarder disposed between the dichroic lens and the first lens
  • a polarized reflective film is arranged between the first lens and the correction lens.
  • the optical system further includes a second lens, the second lens is a compensation lens, the second lens is used to compensate the refractive power of the beam splitting lens, and the second lens is arranged on the beam splitting lens Between the lens and the first lens, the phase retarder is arranged on the second lens or the beam splitting lens, the beam splitting lens is cemented with the second lens, and the second lens is glued to the first lens A lens interval setting.
  • the dichroic lens is a plano-concave lens
  • the second lens is a plano-convex lens
  • the concave surface of the dichroic lens is cemented with the convex surface of the second lens.
  • the phase retarder is a quarter-wave plate.
  • first surface and the second surface are parallel to each other, and the third surface and the fourth surface are parallel to each other.
  • the present invention also provides a head-mounted display device, the head-mounted display device includes a display and the above-mentioned optical system, and the display is arranged on the light coupling end surface of the first lens.
  • the first lens and the correction lens are docked, the docking position of the first surface and the third surface is defined as the first docking position, and the docking position of the second surface and the fourth surface is defined as the second docking position .
  • the first extension part is integrally formed with the first lens or the correction lens
  • the second extension part is integrally formed with the first lens or the correction lens
  • the first extension part extends and covers the first docking position
  • the second extension part extends and covers the second
  • the second docking position, the docking installation of the first lens and the correction lens is the docking of two optical surfaces, and there is no stitching gap in the user's perspective.
  • the light passes through the two optical surfaces connected by the first lens and the correction lens, the light can pass through smoothly without scattering and deflection of the light. Therefore, the position of the splicing gap cannot be observed from the user's perspective, thereby ensuring the integrity of the light. Imaging effect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the optical system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the optical system in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a docking position in the related art
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the first extension part and the second extension part in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the first extension part and the second extension part in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the first extension part and the second extension part in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the first extension part and the second extension part in the present invention.
  • connection and “fixation” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “fixation” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • fixation can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the display principle of the head-mounted display device includes AR (Augmented Reality, Augmented Reality) display and VR (Virtual Reality, Virtual Reality) display.
  • a waveguide is usually used to guide the light from the position of the light source. Referring to FIG. 3 , a splicing gap is formed between the waveguide plate and the optical lens, and a splicing gap position A and a splicing gap position B are formed. The light is deflected or scattered when passing through the splicing gap, and the user can see the splicing gap between the two when wearing the head-mounted display device, and the splicing gap affects the user's viewing.
  • this embodiment provides an optical system
  • the optical system includes: a first lens 10 , a correction lens 20 , a first extension 310 and a second extension 320 .
  • the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 are spliced together, extending to and covering the splicing position of the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 .
  • the first lens 10 has a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 opposite to each other.
  • the first lens 10 also includes a light coupling end surface 130 and an abutting end surface 140 away from the light coupling end surface 130.
  • the light coupling end surface 130 is connected to the first The surface 110 and the second surface 120
  • the abutting end surface 140 is connected to the first surface 110 and the second surface 120
  • the light 610 is coupled into the end surface 130 by the light and enters the first lens 10
  • the light 610 is at least the first surface 110 and the second surface
  • One of the surfaces 120 is reflected to the butt end surface 140
  • the first lens 10 can be understood as a geometric waveguide, the light is coupled into the first lens 10 by the light coupling end surface 130, and the light is emitted from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, and the incident angle If it is greater than or equal to the critical angle of total reflection, the light meets the condition of total reflection of light on the first surface 110 .
  • the light is
  • the correction lens 20 is arranged on the abutment end surface 140 of the first lens 10. The correction lens 20 is used to correct aberrations.
  • the correction lens 20 includes a third surface 210 abutting with the first surface 110, the third surface 210 and the first surface 110 to form a first docking position, the correction lens 20 also includes a fourth surface 220 that is docked with the second surface 120, and the fourth surface 220 and the second surface 120 are docked to form a second docking position; the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 are docked to form a second docking position; The third surface 210 faces the user wearing the head-mounted display device. When the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are not provided, the user wearing the head-mounted display device can see the first docking position and the second docking position.
  • the correction lens 20 has a glued end surface 230 facing the first lens 10, when the first lens is spliced with the correction lens 20, optical glue is arranged between the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20, and the glued end surface 230 is docked with the butt end surface 140, thereby Complete the two gluing fixation.
  • the first extension 310 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 or the correction lens 20
  • the second extension 320 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 or the correction lens 20
  • the first extension 310 extends and covers the first surface 110 and the third surface 210
  • the second extension 320 extends and covers the docking position of the second surface 120 and the fourth surface 220 .
  • the first extension part 310 covers the first docking position
  • the second extension part 320 covers the second docking position
  • the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are integrally formed respectively, changing the first lens 10 and the The direction of the splicing slit of the correction lens 20 extends vertically, so as not to affect the user's viewing.
  • the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 are docked, and the first docking position is formed at the docking position of the first surface 110 and the third surface 210, and the first docking position is formed between the second surface 120 and the fourth surface 220
  • the docked position forms a second docked position.
  • the first extension part 310 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 or the correction lens 20
  • the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 or the correction lens 20
  • the first extension part 310 extends and covers the first docking position.
  • the second extension part 320 extends and covers the second docking position.
  • the docking installation of the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 is the docking of two optical surfaces, and there is no docking position.
  • the light passes through the two optical surfaces where the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 are docked, the light can pass smoothly without scattering and deflection of the light. Therefore, the docking position cannot be observed from the user's perspective, thereby ensuring that the light imaging effect.
  • the first lens 10, the correction lens 20, the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are made of the same material.
  • the transparent medium for example, the first lens 10 is optical glass, and the correction lens 20 is also the same optical glass, and the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are also made of the same material of optical glass. If the first lens 10 is made of optical plastic, the correction lens 20 is also made of the same optical plastic, and the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are also made of the same material of optical plastic.
  • the refractive indices of the three are also the same, the light will not be reflected or refracted after passing through the first surface 110 at the first docking position, and the light will continue to shoot to the first extension part 310, and outside the first extension part 310 Total reflection occurs on the surface, and the light is directed to the second surface 120 . Similarly, after the light passes through the second surface 120 at the second docking position, it will not be reflected or refracted. To the abutting end surface 140 of the first lens 10 .
  • the positions of the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 include at least the following four situations.
  • the first extension part 310 and the correction lens 20 are integrally formed, and the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 .
  • the first extension part 310 is integrally formed with the first lens 10
  • the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the first lens 10 .
  • the first extension part 310 and the correction lens 20 are integrally formed, and the second extension part 320 and the correction lens 20 are integrally formed.
  • the first extension part 310 is integrally formed with the first lens 10
  • the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the correction lens 20 .
  • the first surface 110 has a first end point 111 away from the correction lens 20
  • the third surface 210 has a third end point 211 away from the first lens 10
  • the second surface 120 has a second end point far away from the correction lens 20.
  • End point 121 the fourth surface 220 has a fourth end point 221 away from the first lens 10 .
  • Both the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 completely cover the surfaces of the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 .
  • the first extension part 310 when the first extension part 310 is integrally formed with the correction lens 20, the first extension part 310 extends from the third end point 211 to the first end point 111; when the first extension part 310 and the first lens 10 are integrally formed, the first extension part 310 The portion 310 extends from the first end point 111 to the third end point 211 ; it can be seen that the first extension portion 310 can be connected to the correction lens 20 or the first lens 10 . At this time, the first extension portion 310 covers the first surface 110 and the third surface 210 .
  • the second extension part 320 when the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the correction lens 20, the second extension part 320 extends from the fourth end point 221 to the second end point 121; when the second extension part 320 is integrally formed with the first lens 10, the second extension part 320 extends from the second end point 121 to the fourth end point 221 .
  • the second extension part 320 can be connected with the correction lens 20 , and can also be connected with the first lens 10 .
  • the second extension portion 320 covers the second surface 120 and the fourth surface 220 .
  • the stitching position is not observable from both the user's perspective and the external perspective.
  • the first lens 10 and the correcting lens 20 appear to be square as a whole, and the structure is more regular, which is convenient for installation.
  • first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are integrally molded with the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 respectively. Through the integral formation, there are only two optical devices. In this way, the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20. When the four components of the first extension part 310 and the second extension part 320 are assembled together, the assembly can be completed through one butt joint, which improves the assembly production efficiency.
  • the direction perpendicular to the first surface 110 is defined as the thickness direction, and the thickness of the first extension part 310 is equal to the thickness of the second extension part 320, so as to ensure that the light passes through the first surface 110 and the second extension part 320.
  • the total reflection distances of the two surfaces 120 are equal, which is also convenient for processing.
  • the optical system further includes: a dichroic lens 40, a phase retarder, and a polarized reflection film.
  • the dichroic lens 40 is disposed on one side of the second surface 120 of the first lens 10 ; the phase retarder is disposed between the dichroic lens 40 and the first lens 10 ; the polarizing reflective film is disposed between the first lens 10 and the correction lens 20 .
  • the light is coupled into the first lens 10 through the light-introducing end surface 130 , the light is totally reflected between the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 , and radiates toward the abutting end surface.
  • the polarization direction of the light is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the polarized reflection film on the butt end surface, and the light is reflected to the second surface 120 .
  • the light After the light is transmitted through the first lens 10, it passes through the phase retarder, and the light is converted into circularly polarized light, and the light is reflected after passing through the beam splitter lens 40, and the rotation direction of the circularly polarized light changes, from left-handed to right-handed, or right-handed. Rotation becomes left-handed.
  • the polarized reflective film can also be disposed on the correcting lens 20 , and the polarized reflective film can be a polarized reflective film attached to the corrected lens 20 or a film structure directly coated on the corrected lens 20 .
  • phase retarder is a quarter-wave plate
  • the quarter-wave plate can convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, and can also convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.
  • the optical system is applied to an AR display device, for which the internal light rays need to be converged or diffused, so the dichroic lens 40 has a certain optical power.
  • AR display also requires external light to enter the interior of the head-mounted display device. In order to ensure that the external light can smoothly enter the human eye in parallel, it is necessary to compensate the optical power of the dichroic lens 40 .
  • the optical system also includes a second lens 50, the second lens 50 is a compensating lens, the second lens 50 is used to compensate the power of the beam splitting lens 40, and the second lens 50 is arranged between the beam splitting lens 40 and the first lens 10 , the phase retarder is disposed on the second lens 50 or the dichroic lens 40 , the dichroic lens 40 is cemented with the second lens 50 , and the second lens 50 is disposed at a distance from the first lens 10 .
  • the second lens 50 is used to compensate the optical power of the dichroic lens 40 , if the optical power of the dichroic lens 40 is positive, then the optical power of the second lens 50 is negative.
  • the refractive power of the dichroic lens 40 is negative, and the refractive power of the second lens 50 is positive.
  • the dichroic lens 40 is a plano-concave lens
  • the second lens 50 is a plano-convex lens
  • the concave surface of the dichroic lens 40 is glued to the convex surface of the second lens 50 .
  • the concave surface of the plano-concave lens faces the second lens 50
  • the concave surface of the plano-concave lens is provided with a dichroic film.
  • the light-splitting film includes a semi-reflective and semi-transparent film. The light-splitting film can be pasted on the concave surface of the plano-concave lens, or it can be coated. The pasting method is simple and easy to operate.
  • the method of coating can improve the compactness of the film layer and make the film layer stronger.
  • Both the phase retarder and the dichroic film can be disposed on the dichroic lens 40 .
  • the plano-convex lens has a convex surface facing the beam splitting lens 40 and a flat plane facing away from the beam splitting lens 40 , and the phase retarder can also be provided on the convex surface of the plano-convex lens or the flat plane of the plano-convex lens.
  • the phase retarder is a film structure.
  • the phase retarder can be pasted on the convex surface of the plano-convex lens, or it can be coated.
  • the pasting method is simple and easy to operate.
  • the method of coating can improve the compactness of the film layer and make the film layer stronger.
  • the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 are parallel to each other, and the third surface 210 and the fourth surface 220 are parallel to each other.
  • the incident angle satisfies the critical angle of total reflection.
  • the first surface 1101 and the second surface 120 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the third surface 210 and the fourth surface 220 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the extension direction of the light coupling end surface 130 is gradually away from the second lens 50, it can also be said that the angle between the light coupling end surface 130 and the first surface 110 is an acute angle, and the angle between the light coupling end surface 130 and the second surface 120 is obtuse angle.
  • the light coupling end surface 130 and the butt end surface 140 are also arranged parallel to each other. Furthermore, it can be seen that the angle between the butt end surface 140 and the first surface 110 is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the butt end surface 140 and the second surface 120 is an acute angle.
  • the present invention also provides a head-mounted display device, the head-mounted display device includes a display 60 and the above-mentioned optical system, and the display 60 is arranged on the light coupling end surface 130 of the first lens 10 .
  • the light 610 emitted by the display 60 is linearly polarized light, and the light 610 in the linearly polarized state is incident on the light coupling end surface 130 of the first lens, and then incident on the first surface 110 .

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种光学系统和头戴显示设备。光学系统包括：第一透镜（10）、校正透镜（20）、第一延伸部（310）和第二延伸部（320），第一透镜（10）具有相对设置的第一表面（110）和第二表面（120），第一透镜（10）还包括光线耦入端面（130）和对接端面（140），光线耦入端面（130）与对接端面（140）均依次连接于第一表面（110）和第二表面（120）；校正透镜（20）设于第一透镜（10）的对接端面（140），校正透镜（20）包括与第一表面（110）对接的第三表面（210）、以及与第二表面（120）对接的第四表面（220）；第一延伸部（310）与第一透镜（10）或校正透镜（20）一体成型，第二延伸部（320）与第一透镜（10）或校正透镜（20）一体成型，第一延伸部（310）延伸并覆盖第一表面（110）和第三表面（210）的对接位置，第二延伸部（320）延伸并覆盖第二表面（120）和第四表面（220）的对接位置。能够减少缝隙产生的光线偏折或者散光，保证头戴显示设备的成像效果。

Description

光学系统和头戴显示设备 技术领域
本发明涉及光学显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种光学系统和头戴显示设备。
背景技术
在头戴显示设备(Head Mount Display)能够为用户提供身临其境的虚拟画面体验。为了减小头戴显示设备的体积，通常采用波导片将光线由光源的位置导出，并将光线由波导片耦出射入人眼。单独一个波导片有时难以形成清晰成像，为此需要在波导片的基础上拼接其它光学透镜。但是波导片和光学透镜之间形成拼接缝隙，光线在经过这个拼接缝隙位置出现偏折或散射，用户在佩戴头戴显示设备时能够看到两者的拼接缝隙，导致用户在观看画面时，拼接缝隙偏折的光线影响画面的成像效果。
发明内容
基于此，针对目前的头戴显示设备中波导片和光学透镜之间形成拼接缝隙，拼接缝隙偏折的光线影响画面的成像效果的问题，有必要提供一种光学系统和头戴显示设备，旨在能够避免减少缝隙的产生光线偏折或者散光，保证头戴显示设备的成像效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出一种光学系统，所述光学系统包括：
第一透镜，所述第一透镜具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一透镜还包括光线耦入端面和远离所述光线耦入端面的对接端面，所述光线耦入端面连接于所述第一表面和所述第二表面，所述对接端面连接于所述第一表面和所述第二表面，光线由所述光线耦入端面入射所述第一透镜内，光线至少经过所述第一表面和所述第二表面其中之一反射至所述对接端面；
校正透镜，所述校正透镜设于所述第一透镜的对接端面，所述校正透镜用于校正像差，所述校正透镜包括与所述第一表面对接的第三表面、以及与所述第二表面对接的第四表面；以及
第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部与所述第一透镜或所述校正透镜一体成型，所述第二延伸部与所述第一透镜或所述校正透镜一体成型，所述第一延伸部延伸并覆盖所述第一表面和所述第三表面的对接位置，所述第二延伸部延伸并覆盖所述第二表面和所述第四表面的对接位置。
可选地，所述第一透镜、所述校正透镜、所述第一延伸部和第二延伸部为材质相同的透明介质。
可选地，所述第一表面具有远离所述校正透镜的第一端点，所述第三表面具有远离所述第一透镜的第三端点，所述第二表面具有远离所述校正透镜的第二端点，所述第四表面具有远离所述第一透镜的第四端点；
所述第一延伸部与所述校正透镜一体成型时，所述第一延伸部自所述第三端点延伸至所述第一端点；
所述第一延伸部与所述第一透镜一体成型时，所述第一延伸部自所述第一端点延伸至所述第三端点；
所述第二延伸部与所述校正透镜一体成型时，所述第二延伸部自所述第四端点延伸至所述第二端点；
所述第二延伸部与所述第一透镜一体成型时，所述第二延伸部自所述第二端点延伸至所述第四端点。
可选地，定义垂直于所述第一表面的方向为厚度方向，所述第一延伸部的厚度与所述第二延伸部的厚度相等。
可选地，所述光学系统还包括：
分光透镜，所述分光透镜设于所述第一透镜的第二表面的一侧；
位相延迟器，所述位相延迟器设于所述分光透镜和所述第一透镜之间；以及
偏振反射膜，所述偏振反射膜设于所述第一透镜和所述校正透镜之间。
可选地，所述光学系统还包括第二透镜，所述第二透镜为补偿透镜，所述第二透镜用于补偿所述分光透镜的光焦度，所述第二透镜设于所述分光透镜和所述第一透镜之间，所述位相延迟器设于所述第二透镜或所述分光透镜，所述分光透镜与所述第二透镜胶合设置，所述第二透镜与所述第一透镜间隔设置。
可选地，所述分光透镜为平凹透镜，所述第二透镜为平凸透镜，所述分 光透镜的凹陷面与所述第二透镜的凸起面胶合设置。
可选地，所述位相延迟器为四分之一波片。
可选地，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间相互平行，所述第三表面和所述第四表面之间相互平行。
此外，为了解决上述问题，本发明还提供一种头戴显示设备，所述头戴显示设备包括显示器和如上文所述光学系统，所述显示器设于所述第一透镜的光线耦入端面。
本发明提出的技术方案中，第一透镜和校正透镜对接设置，第一表面和第三表面的对接位置定义为第一对接位置，第二表面和第四表面的对接位置定义为第二对接位置。通过第一延伸部与第一透镜或校正透镜一体成型，第二延伸部与第一透镜或校正透镜一体成型，并且第一延伸部延伸并覆盖第一对接位置，第二延伸部延伸并覆盖第二对接位置，第一透镜和校正透镜的对接安装是两个光学面的对接，在用户视角不存在拼接缝隙。光线经过第一透镜和校正透镜对接的两个光学面时，光线可以顺利通过，不存在光线的散射和偏转的情况，由此，在用户视角是观察不到拼接缝隙位置的，从而保证光线的成像效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明光学系统一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中光学系统的分解结构示意图；
图3为相关技术中对接位置的结构示意图；
图4为本发明中第一延伸部和第二延伸部第一实施例的结构示意图；
图5为本发明中第一延伸部和第二延伸部第二实施例的结构示意图；
图6为本发明中第一延伸部和第二延伸部第三实施例的结构示意图；
图7为本发明中第一延伸部和第二延伸部第四实施例的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
10 第一透镜 220 第四表面
110 第一表面 221 第四端点
111 第一端点 230 胶合端面
120 第二表面 310 第一延伸部
121 第二端点 320 第二延伸部
130 光线耦入端面 40 分光透镜
140 对接端面 50 第二透镜
20 校正透镜 60 显示器
210 第三表面 610 光线
211 第三端点    
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有 明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，本发明各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
在相关技术中，为了减小头戴显示设备的体积，通过多次光路折转降低厚度。在头戴显示设备的显示原理包括AR(Augmented Reality，增强现实)显示和VR(Virtual Reality，虚拟现实)显示。为了减小头戴显示设备的体积，通常采用波导片将光线由光源的位置导出。参阅图3所示，在波导片和光学透镜之间形成拼接缝隙，拼接缝隙位置A和拼接缝隙位置B。光线在经过这个拼接缝隙位置出现偏折或散射，用户在佩戴头戴显示设备时能够看到两者的拼接缝隙，拼接缝隙影响用户观看。
为了解决上述问题，参阅图1、图2和图4所示，本实施例提供一种光学系统，光学系统包括：第一透镜10、校正透镜20、第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320。第一透镜10和校正透镜20拼接在一起，延伸至第一透镜10和校正透镜20的拼接位置，并覆盖拼接位置。
第一透镜10具有相对设置的第一表面110和第二表面120，第一透镜10还包括光线耦入端面130和远离光线耦入端面130的对接端面140，光线耦入端面130连接于第一表面110和第二表面120，对接端面140连接于第一表面110和第二表面120，光线610由光线耦入端面130入射第一透镜10内，光线610至少所述第一表面110和第二表面120其中之一反射至对接端面140；第一透镜10可以理解为几何波导片，光线由光线耦入端面130射入第一透镜10内，光线由光密介质射向光疏介质，入射角大于或等于全反射临界角，光线在第一表面110满足光的全反射条件。光线在第一表面110的作用下，反射向第二表面120。同 样地，光线在第二表面120也满足光的全反射条件，光线在第二表面120的作用下被再次反射。
外界光线透射到波导结构时，不同颜色的光线折射率不同，容易出现色散，色散可以理解为色差，色差是像差的一种。为了减少色散校正透镜20设于第一透镜10的对接端面140，校正透镜20用于校正像差，校正透镜20包括与第一表面110对接的第三表面210，第三表面210和第一表面110之间对接形成第一对接位置，校正透镜20还包括与第二表面120对接的第四表面220，第四表面220和第二表面120之间对接形成第二对接位置；第一表面110和第三表面210面向佩戴头戴显示设备的用户，未设置第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320时，佩戴头戴显示设备的用户能够看到第一对接位置和第二对接位置。其中，校正透镜20具有面向第一透镜10的胶合端面230，第一透镜与校正透镜20拼接时，在第一透镜10和校正透镜20之间设置光学胶，胶合端面230对接对接端面140，从而完成两者胶合固定。
第一延伸部310与第一透镜10或校正透镜20一体成型，第二延伸部320与第一透镜10或校正透镜20一体成型，第一延伸部310延伸并覆盖第一表面110和第三表面210的对接位置，第二延伸部320延伸并覆盖第二表面120和第四表面220的对接位置。通过第一延伸部310遮盖了第一对接位置，第二延伸部320遮盖了第二对接位置，以及，第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320分别一体成型设置，改变了第一透镜10和校正透镜20的拼接缝隙方向为竖直方向延伸，从而不会影响用户观看。
本实施例提出的技术方案中，第一透镜10和校正透镜20对接设置，在第一表面110和第三表面210的对接位置形成了第一对接位置，在第二表面120和第四表面220的对接位置形成了第二对接位置。通过第一延伸部310与第一透镜10或校正透镜20一体成型，第二延伸部320与第一透镜10或校正透镜20一体成型，并且第一延伸部310延伸并覆盖第一对接位置，第二延伸部320延伸并覆盖第二对接位置，第一透镜10和校正透镜20的对接安装是两个光学面的对接，不存在对接位置。光线经过第一透镜10和校正透镜20对接的两个光学面时，光线可以顺利通过，不存在光线的散射和偏转的情况，由此，在用户视角是观察不到对接位置的，从而保证光线的成像效果。
在上述实施例中，为了保证光线在第一对接位置和第二对接位置能够顺 利的进行全反射，第一透镜10、校正透镜20、第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320为材质相同的透明介质，比如第一透镜10为光学玻璃，则校正透镜20也为相同的光学玻璃，第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320同样为材质相同的光学玻璃。如果第一透镜10为光学塑料，则校正透镜20也为相同的光学塑料，第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320同样为材质相同的光学塑料。由于材质相同，三者的折射率也相同，光线在第一对接位置穿过第一表面110后不会反射或者折射，光线会继续射向第一延伸部310，在第一延伸部310的外表面发生全反射，光线射向第二表面120。同样地，光线在第二对接位置穿过第二表面120后，也不会反射或者折射，光线会继续射向第二延伸部320，在第二延伸部320的外表面发生全反射，光线射向第一透镜10的对接端面140。
在上述实施例中，第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320的设置位置至少包括以下四种情况。第一种情况，参阅图4所示，第一延伸部310和校正透镜20一体成型，第二延伸部320和第一透镜10一体成型。
第二种情况，参阅图5所示，第一延伸部310和第一透镜10一体成型，第二延伸部320和第一透镜10一体成型。
第三种情况，参阅图6所示，第一延伸部310和校正透镜20一体成型，第二延伸部320和校正透镜20一体成型。
第四种情况，参阅图7所示，第一延伸部310和第一透镜10一体成型，第二延伸部320和校正透镜20一体成型。
在上述实施例中，第一表面110具有远离校正透镜20的第一端点111，第三表面210具有远离第一透镜10的第三端点211，第二表面120具有远离校正透镜20的第二端点121，第四表面220具有远离第一透镜10的第四端点221。
为了保证第一透镜10和校正透镜20组成的结构更加简洁，易安装。第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320均整面覆盖住第一透镜10和校正透镜20的表面。其中，第一延伸部310与校正透镜20一体成型时，第一延伸部310自第三端点211延伸至第一端点111；第一延伸部310和第一透镜10一体成型时，第一延伸部310自第一端点111延伸至第三端点211；由此可知，第一延伸部310可以连接校正透镜20，也可以连接第一透镜10。此时，第一延伸部310盖设在第一表面110和第三表面210上。
另外，第二延伸部320和校正透镜20一体成型时，第二延伸部320自第四 端点221延伸至第二端点121；第二延伸部320和第一透镜10一体成型时，第二延伸部320自第二端点121延伸至第四端点221。由此可知，第二延伸部320可以连接校正透镜20，也可以连接第一透镜10。此时，第二延伸部320盖设在第二表面120和第四表面220上。从用户视角和外部视角，均观察不到拼接位置。且第一透镜10和校正透镜20整体看起来为四方形，结构更加规整，便于安装。
并且，第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320分别与第一透镜10和校正透镜20一体成型设置，通过一体成型设置，只存在两个光学器件，如此，在将第一透镜10、校正透镜20、第一延伸部310和第二延伸部320这四个器件组装在一起时，通过一次对接就可以完成组装，提高组装生产效率。
在本申请的上述实施例中，定义垂直于第一表面110的方向为厚度方向，第一延伸部310的厚度与第二延伸部320的厚度相等，从而保证光线在经过第一表面110和第二表面120全反射经过的距离相等，也便于加工。
在本申请的其中一实施例中，为了减少光学系统的体积，采用光路折反射的方式。具体地，光学系统还包括：分光透镜40、位相延迟器和偏振反射膜。分光透镜40设于第一透镜10的第二表面120的一侧；位相延迟器设于分光透镜40和第一透镜10之间；偏振反射膜设于第一透镜10和校正透镜20之间。光线由光线耦入端面130进入到第一透镜10内，在第一表面110和第二表面120之间光线全反射，并射向对接端面。光线在第一次入射至对接端面时，光线的偏振方向与对接端面的偏振反射膜的透过轴方向正交，光线被反射向第二表面120。光线透射出第一透镜10后，经过位相延迟器，光线转化为圆偏振光，并且光线经过分光透镜40后发生了反射，圆偏振光的旋转方向发生变化，左旋变成右旋，或者是右旋变成左旋。光线再次经过位相延迟器后，光线由圆偏振状态转化为线偏振状态，且偏振光线第二次入射至对接端面的偏振反射膜时，光线的偏振方向与偏振反射膜的透过轴方向同向，光线透射第一透镜10进入人眼。由此可知，光线经过多次折反射。从而减少了光学系统的体积。可以理解的是，偏振反射膜还可以设置在校正透镜20上，偏振反射膜可以为贴附在校正透镜20上的偏振反射膜或者直接镀在校正透镜20上的膜层结构。
进一步地，位相延迟器为四分之一波片，四分之一波片能够将线偏振光转化为圆偏振光，还能够将圆偏振光转化为线偏振光。
在本申请的其中一实施例中，光学系统应用于AR显示设备中，为此需要 内部的光线进行会聚或者扩散处理，因此分光透镜40具有一定的光焦度。此外，AR显示还需要外界的光线射入头戴显示设备内部。为了保证外界的光线能够顺利平行进入到人眼，需要对分光透镜40的光焦度进行补偿。其中，光学系统还包括第二透镜50，第二透镜50为补偿透镜，第二透镜50用于补偿分光透镜40的光焦度，第二透镜50设于分光透镜40和第一透镜10之间，位相延迟器设于第二透镜50或分光透镜40，分光透镜40与第二透镜50胶合设置，第二透镜50与第一透镜10间隔设置。第二透镜50用于对分光透镜40的光焦度进行补偿，分光透镜40的光焦度为正，则第二透镜50的光焦度为负。分光透镜40的光焦度为负，则第二透镜50的光焦度为正。
在本申请的其中一实施例中，分光透镜40为平凹透镜，第二透镜50为平凸透镜，分光透镜40的凹陷面与第二透镜50的凸起面胶合设置。其中，平凹透镜的凹陷面朝向第二透镜50，平凹透镜的凹陷面设置分光膜。分光膜包括半反半透膜，分光膜可以粘贴在平凹透镜的凹陷面，也可以采用镀膜的方式。粘贴的方式作业简单，易操作。镀膜的方式，能够提高膜层的致密性，使膜层更加牢固。位相延迟器和分光膜均可以设置在分光透镜40上。再者，平凸透镜具有朝向分光透镜40的凸起面和背向分光透镜40的平板面，位相延迟器还可以设于平凸透镜的凸起面或平凸透镜的平板面。位相延迟器为膜层结构。例如，位相延迟器可以粘贴在平凸透镜的凸起面，也可以采用镀膜的方式。粘贴的方式作业简单，易操作。镀膜的方式，能够提高膜层的致密性，使膜层更加牢固。
在本申请的其中一实施例中，第一表面110和第二表面120之间相互平行，第三表面210和第四表面220之间相互平行。为了保证光线在第一表面110和第二表面120之间反射时，入射角满足全反射临界角。将第一表面1101和第二表面120平行设置，同样地，第三表面210和第四表面220之间相互平行设置。另外，光线耦入端面130的延伸方向逐渐远离第二透镜50，也可以说光线耦入端面130与第一表面110的夹角为锐角，光线耦入端面130与第二表面120的夹角为钝角。进一步地，光线耦入端面130与对接端面140相互之间也平行设置。进而可知，对接端面140与第一表面110的夹角为钝角，对接端面140与第二表面120的夹角为角锐。
本发明还提供一种头戴显示设备，所述头戴显示设备包括显示器60和如上文所述光学系统，显示器60设于第一透镜10的光线耦入端面130。显示器60发射的光线610为线偏振光，线偏振状态的光线610射向第一透镜的光线耦入端面130，并射向第一表面110。
本发明的头戴显示设备的实施方式可以参照上述光学系统各实施例，在此不再赘述。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统包括：
    第一透镜，所述第一透镜具有相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一透镜还包括光线耦入端面和远离所述光线耦入端面的对接端面，所述光线耦入端面连接于所述第一表面和所述第二表面，所述对接端面连接于所述第一表面和所述第二表面，光线由所述光线耦入端面入射所述第一透镜内，光线至少经过所述第一表面和所述第二表面其中之一反射至所述对接端面；
    校正透镜，所述校正透镜设于所述第一透镜的对接端面，所述校正透镜用于校正像差，所述校正透镜包括与所述第一表面对接的第三表面、以及与所述第二表面对接的第四表面；以及
    第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部与所述第一透镜或所述校正透镜一体成型，所述第二延伸部与所述第一透镜或所述校正透镜一体成型，所述第一延伸部延伸并覆盖所述第一表面和所述第三表面的对接位置，所述第二延伸部延伸并覆盖所述第二表面和所述第四表面的对接位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一透镜、所述校正透镜、所述第一延伸部和第二延伸部为材质相同的透明介质。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一表面具有远离所述校正透镜的第一端点，所述第三表面具有远离所述第一透镜的第三端点，所述第二表面具有远离所述校正透镜的第二端点，所述第四表面具有远离所述第一透镜的第四端点；
    所述第一延伸部与所述校正透镜一体成型时，所述第一延伸部自所述第三端点延伸至所述第一端点；
    所述第一延伸部与所述第一透镜一体成型时，所述第一延伸部自所述第一端点延伸至所述第三端点；
    所述第二延伸部与所述校正透镜一体成型时，所述第二延伸部自所述第四端点延伸至所述第二端点；
    所述第二延伸部与所述第一透镜一体成型时，所述第二延伸部自所述第 二端点延伸至所述第四端点。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的光学系统，其特征在于，定义垂直于所述第一表面的方向为厚度方向，所述第一延伸部的厚度与所述第二延伸部的厚度相等。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统还包括：
    分光透镜，所述分光透镜设于所述第一透镜的第二表面的一侧；
    位相延迟器，所述位相延迟器设于所述分光透镜和所述第一透镜之间；以及
    偏振反射膜，所述偏振反射膜设于所述第一透镜和所述校正透镜之间。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述光学系统还包括第二透镜，所述第二透镜为补偿透镜，所述第二透镜用于补偿所述分光透镜的光焦度，所述第二透镜设于所述分光透镜和所述第一透镜之间，所述位相延迟器设于所述第二透镜或所述分光透镜，所述分光透镜与所述第二透镜胶合设置，所述第二透镜与所述第一透镜间隔设置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述分光透镜为平凹透镜，所述第二透镜为平凸透镜，所述分光透镜的凹陷面与所述第二透镜的凸起面胶合设置。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述位相延迟器为四分之一波片。
  9. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的光学系统，其特征在于，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间相互平行，所述第三表面和所述第四表面之间相互平行。
  10. 一种头戴显示设备，所述头戴显示设备包括显示器和如权利要求1至 9任一项所述光学系统，所述显示器设于所述第一透镜的光线耦入端面。
PCT/CN2021/134056 2021-08-04 2021-11-29 光学系统和头戴显示设备 WO2023010728A1 (zh)

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