WO2023007969A1 - 磁気ギアード電気機械、発電システム、及び駆動システム - Google Patents
磁気ギアード電気機械、発電システム、及び駆動システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023007969A1 WO2023007969A1 PCT/JP2022/023732 JP2022023732W WO2023007969A1 WO 2023007969 A1 WO2023007969 A1 WO 2023007969A1 JP 2022023732 W JP2022023732 W JP 2022023732W WO 2023007969 A1 WO2023007969 A1 WO 2023007969A1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/11—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with dynamo-electric clutches
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to magnetically geared electric machines, power generation systems, and drive systems.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-122736 filed with the Japan Patent Office on July 27, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a rotating electric machine as an induction motor capable of cooling the internal space.
- This rotating electrical machine includes a stator, a rotor arranged on the inner diameter side of the stator, and an internal fan and an external fan provided on both ends of the rotor in the axial direction.
- the internal fan circulates the air inside the machine, and the external fan forms cooling air along the outer surface of the housing.
- Patent Document 1 does not disclose a configuration for cooling the internal space of the magnetically geared rotary machine.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a magnetically geared rotating machine, a power generation system, and a drive system that can sufficiently exhibit cooling performance.
- a magnetically geared electric machine comprises: a stator; a pole piece rotor including a plurality of pole pieces arranged radially inward of the stator; an inner rotor comprising a plurality of rotor magnets, disposed radially inward of the plurality of pole pieces and configured to rotate at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor; a fan for cooling at least one of the stator, the pole piece rotor, or the inner rotor; with the magnetic pole piece rotor further includes a power transmission shaft arranged on one side in the axial direction with respect to the plurality of magnetic pole pieces and for transmitting power to an external device; The fan is provided on the inner rotor on the side opposite to the power transmission shaft with the rotor magnet interposed therebetween in the axial direction.
- a power generation system includes: the above magnetic geared rotating machine as a magnetic geared generator configured to receive power and generate power; the external device as a prime mover including a shaft connected to the power transmission shaft configured to receive power; Prepare.
- a drive system comprises: the above magnetic geared rotary machine as a magnetic geared motor configured to output power; the external device as a driving unit including a shaft connected to the power transmission shaft configured to output power; Prepare.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a magnetically geared electric machine
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of a magnetically geared electric machine
- 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of a magnetically geared electric machine according to one embodiment
- FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a magnetically geared electric machine according to one embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a housing in axial view according to one embodiment
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating examples of magnetically geared electric machines, respectively.
- the “axial direction” is the direction parallel to the rotating shaft 47 of the magnetic geared electric machine 10
- the “radial direction” is the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 47 .
- Power is transmitted between the magnetic geared electric machine 10 and the external device 7 .
- the magnetic geared electric machine 10 generates power by power transmitted (input) from an external device 7A (7) as a prime mover, and generates power P generated by the power generation, for example, as electric power.
- a magnetic geared generator 10A configured to supply power to a power destination 4, which may be a grid.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine 10 is supplied with power P from a power supply 6, which may be, for example, a power system, and an external device 7B (7 ) is a magnetic geared motor 10B configured to transmit (output) power to.
- the magnetic geared generator 10A constitutes part of the power generation system 1.
- the power generation system 1 may be, for example, a renewable energy power generation system such as a wind power generation system or a tidal current power generation system.
- the shaft 3A(3) included in the external device 7A as the prime mover is a wind turbine rotor.
- the magnetic geared generator 10A includes a stator 20 including a stator magnet 22 and a stator coil 24, a pole piece rotor 30 including a plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32 arranged radially inward of the stator 20, and a plurality of rotor magnets. and an inner rotor 40 including 42 .
- the inner rotor 40 is positioned radially inward of the plurality of pole pieces 32 and is configured to rotate at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor 30 .
- stator 20 is arranged inside housing 21 .
- the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 includes a pair of end plates 34 provided on both sides of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32 in the axial direction, and a power transmission shaft 35 for transmitting power to the external device 7A.
- the power transmission shaft 35 of this example is connected to the shaft 3A of the external device 7A and is connected to the end plate 34 on one side in the axial direction.
- the power transmission shaft 35 is rotatably supported by the housing 21 via a bearing B1.
- the inner rotor 40 includes a core 46 provided with a plurality of rotor magnets 42 and a rotating shaft 47 extending axially radially inside the core 46 .
- the rotating shaft 47 is rotatably supported by the housing 21 via a bearing B2.
- the magnetic geared generator 10A described above has a structure in which a magnetic gear and a generator are integrated.
- the magnetic geared generator 10A converts the mechanical input from the external device 7A into electric power by using the harmonic type magnetic gear principle and electromagnetic induction.
- power generation in the magnetic geared generator 10A may be performed according to the following principle.
- the magnetic flux of the stator magnet 22 is modulated by the magnetic pole pieces 32 of the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 that rotates together with the shaft 3A of the external device 7A, and the rotor magnets 42 receive magnetic force from the modulated magnetic field, causing the inner rotor 40 to rotate. .
- the number of magnetic poles NL of the magnetic pole pieces 32 is greater than the number of pole pairs NH of the rotor magnets 42 .
- the number of magnetic poles NL of the magnetic pole pieces 32 is greater than the number of pole pairs NS of the stator magnets 22 .
- magnetic geared motor 10B forms part of drive system 2 .
- the drive system 2 operates using the magnetic geared motor 10B as a drive source.
- the drive system 2 may be a vehicle that runs using the magnetic geared motor 10B as a power source.
- the shaft 3B (3) included in the external device 7B is a drive for transmitting power to the wheels. is the shaft.
- the basic configuration of the magnetic geared motor 10B is common to the magnetic geared generator 10A shown in FIG. 1A.
- the magnetic geared motor 10B includes a stator 20 including stator magnets 22 and stator coils 24, a pole piece rotor 30 including a plurality of pole pieces 32, and an inner rotor 40 including a plurality of rotor magnets 42. .
- the inner rotor 40 is positioned radially inward of the plurality of pole pieces 32 and is configured to rotate at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor 30 .
- stator 20 is arranged inside housing 21 .
- the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 includes a pair of end plates 34 provided on both sides of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32 in the axial direction, and a power transmission shaft 35 for transmitting power to the external device 7B.
- the power transmission shaft 35 of this example is connected to the shaft 3B of the external device 7B and is connected to the end plate 34 on one side in the axial direction.
- the power transmission shaft 35 is rotatably supported by the housing 21 via a bearing B1.
- the power generated in the magnetic geared motor 10B is transmitted (output) from the power transmission shaft 35 to the shaft 3B of the external device 7B, thereby rotating the shaft 3B and operating the external device 7B.
- the inner rotor 40 includes a core 46 provided with a plurality of rotor magnets 42 and a rotating shaft 47 extending axially radially inside the core 46 .
- the rotating shaft 47 is rotatably supported by the housing 21 via a bearing B2.
- the magnetic geared motor 10B has a structure in which a magnetic gear and a motor are integrated.
- the magnetic geared motor 10B rotates the inner rotor 40 by a rotating magnetic field generated by energization of the stator coil 24 .
- Power transmission from the inner rotor 40 to the pole piece rotor 30 utilizes the principle of harmonic magnetic gears.
- FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view of a magnetically geared electric machine 10 according to one embodiment.
- the “circumferential direction” is the circumferential direction with reference to the axial direction of the magnetic geared electric machine 10 .
- stator 20 of magnetically geared electric machine 10 includes a plurality of stator magnets 22 and stator coils 24 arranged in a circumferential direction. Stator magnets 22 and stator coils 24 are attached to stator core 23 .
- the stator magnets 22 are composed of permanent magnets, and are provided in plurality in the circumferential direction so as to axially pass between the stator coils 24 and the pole piece rotor 30 in the radial direction.
- each stator magnet 22 is an axially elongated rod-shaped member having a rectangular cross section. 2 is sufficiently smaller than the axial dimension of the stator magnet 22 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- FIG. 2 shows a structural example of a surface permanent magnet (SPM) in which the stator magnet 22 is attached to the surface of the stator core 23 .
- the stator 20 may have an interior permanent magnet (IPM) structure in which the stator magnets 22 are embedded in the stator core 23 .
- the stator coils 24 are provided within a plurality of slots 25 provided in the stator core 23 .
- a plurality of slots 25 are provided in the circumferential direction, and each slot 25 extends in the axial direction. Both axial ends of each slot 25 are open, and coil end portions 24A (see FIG. 3) of the stator coil 24 that do not fit in the slots 25 may protrude from the stator core 23 at both axial ends of the stator core 23.
- a magnetic pole piece rotor 30 radially facing the stator 20 configured as described above includes a plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32 which are disposed with a first radial gap G1 between them and the stator 20 and which are arranged in the circumferential direction.
- Each magnetic pole piece 32 is made of a magnetic material such as an electromagnetic steel plate or a dust core, and is an axially elongated rod-shaped member having a rectangular cross section. That is, the dimensions of each side of the rectangular cross-section of the pole piece 32 shown in FIG. 2 are substantially smaller than the axial dimensions of the pole piece 32 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 includes a non-magnetic member 33 (see FIG. 2) that is made of a non-magnetic material and connects the magnetic pole pieces 32 in the circumferential direction.
- Other members may be included, such as the end plate 34 referenced above.
- the non-magnetic member 33 may be a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in which reinforcing fibers are combined with a matrix resin.
- FRP fiber reinforced plastic
- CFRP using carbon fibers as reinforcing fibers or GFRP using glass fibers as reinforcing fibers.
- the inner rotor 40 is provided radially inward of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32 with a second radial gap G2 interposed therebetween.
- the first radial gap G1 between the stator 20 and the pole piece rotor 30 and the second radial gap G2 between the pole piece rotor 30 and the inner rotor 40 have substantially the same size. There may be.
- the inner rotor 40 includes a plurality of rotor magnets 42 each composed of a permanent magnet, and the plurality of rotor magnets 42 are arranged in the circumferential direction.
- Each rotor magnet 42 may be an axially elongated rod-shaped member having a rectangular cross-section.
- FIG. 2 shows a structural example of a surface permanent magnet (SPM) in which the rotor magnet 42 is attached to the surface of the core 46 .
- the inner rotor 40 may have an Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) structure in which the rotor magnets 42 are embedded in the core 46 .
- IPM Interior Permanent Magnet
- the inner rotor 40 includes the rotating shaft 47 described above with reference to FIGS. reference) may be included.
- the closing member 45 may be a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in which reinforcing fibers are combined with a matrix resin.
- FRP fiber reinforced plastic
- CFRP using carbon fibers as reinforcing fibers or glass fibers as reinforcing fibers. It may be GFRP.
- the closing member 45 may close at least part of the circumferential gap between the magnet groups (Gr1, Gr2) alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. In this case, the height from the core 46 to the surface of the closing member 45 may be smaller than the projection height of each rotor magnet 42 from the core 46 .
- stator coils 24, the rotor magnets 42, the pole pieces 32, and the stator magnets 22 are arranged in descending order of numbers.
- FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a magnetically geared electric machine according to one embodiment.
- the magnetic geared electric machine 10 comprises a fan 70 for cooling at least one of the stator 20 , the pole piece rotor 30 or the inner rotor 40 .
- the fan 70 is provided on the inner rotor 40 on the side opposite to the power transmission shaft 35 across the rotor magnet 42 in the axial direction. That is, the power transmission shaft 35, the rotor magnet 42, and the fan 70 are arranged in this order from one side in the axial direction.
- the fan 70 is located on the other axial side of the first end plate 34A.
- the first end plate 34A is located on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft 35 (that is, the other side in the axial direction) of the pair of end plates 34 included in the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 .
- Stator 20 , pole piece rotor 30 , inner rotor 40 and fan 70 are housed in housing 21 .
- the housing 21 may be a closed housing that closes the internal space, or an open housing that includes a communication port such as a louver or a duct that communicates with the external space.
- the fan 70 rotating with the inner rotor 40 forces air taken in from the upstream side to the downstream side. Air flowing inside the housing 21 thereby cools at least one of the stator 20 , the pole piece rotor 30 , or the inner rotor 40 . It should be noted that in one embodiment where a closed housing is employed, the air flowing inside the housing 21 is circulating air.
- outside air may flow into the interior of the housing 21 through the inlet and be exhausted through the outlet via the fan 70 .
- the inflow port and the outflow port are communication ports provided in the housing 21 .
- the inlet may be positioned on one side in the axial direction, and the outlet may be positioned on the other side in the axial direction.
- the housing 21 of this embodiment rotatably supports the power transmission shaft 35 via the above-described bearing B1, and rotatably supports the rotary shaft 47 of the inner rotor 40 via the above-described bearing B2.
- the housing 21 is provided with a housing air passage 89, which is a passage for air sent out by the fan 70, and at least one air passage 88 (details will be described later). At least one of the housing ventilation passage 89 and the ventilation passage 88 may not be provided in the housing 21 according to another embodiment. For example, if an open housing is employed, the air passage 88 may not be formed. At this time, the outflow port may be positioned radially outwardly of the housing ventilation passage 89 .
- the rotation speed of the fan 70 is increased by providing the fan 70 to the inner rotor 40 that rotates at a higher speed than the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 .
- the fan 70 is provided on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft 35 with respect to the plurality of magnetic pole pieces 32, so that the restriction on the installation area of the fan 70 is reduced, and the radial length of the fan 70 is reduced. I can do it for a long time. Therefore, the flow rate of the air that flows as the fan 70 rotates increases.
- the magnetic geared electric machine 10 that can sufficiently exhibit the cooling performance is realized.
- a separate fan for cooling at least one of the stator 20, the pole piece rotor 30, or the inner rotor 40 is additionally positioned on one axial side of the rotor magnets 42. does not exclude embodiments that are It is possible to dispose a fan other than the fan 70 by appropriately changing the power transmission shaft 35, the second end plate 34B, the housing 21, and the like illustrated in FIG.
- At least a portion of fan 70 is provided radially inward of rotor magnets 42 .
- half or more of the fan 70 in the radial direction is located radially inside the rotor magnet 42 .
- the fan 70 of this example is directly connected to the rotating shaft 47 of the inner rotor 40 .
- the fan 70 is directly connected to the rotating shaft 47 by holes provided in each of the rotating shaft 47 and the fan 70 and fastening members such as bolts inserted into these holes.
- the inlet 71 of the fan 70 is arranged radially inside the rotor magnet 42 .
- the inlet 71 is one axial end of the fan 70 .
- the fan 70 rotates with the inner rotor 40, air flows from the inlet 71 to the outlet 72 of the fan 70 and is delivered to the housing air passages 89 described above by way of example.
- the inlet 71 of the fan 70 may be arranged radially inward of the core 46 in which the rotor magnets 42 are provided.
- the fan 70 since at least part of the fan 70 is located radially inward of the rotor magnet 42, the fan 70 can be radially elongated. Further, by providing the inlet 71 of the fan 70 radially inward of the rotor magnet 42 , the fan 70 can be further elongated in the radial direction. Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine 10 can increase the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan 70, and can sufficiently exhibit the cooling performance.
- the outlet 72 of the fan 70 is located radially outward of the radially outer end 41 of the inner rotor 40 .
- the radial length of the fan 70 (corresponding to the dimension Lf in the example of FIG. 3) is longer than half the radial length of the inner rotor 40 (corresponding to the dimension Li in the example of FIG. 3). too long.
- the outlet 72 is the radially outer end of the fan 70 and is provided radially outwardly of the rotor magnets 42 . According to the above configuration, since the outlet 72 of the fan 70 is located radially outside the outer end 41 of the inner rotor 40, the fan 70 can be radially elongated.
- the fan 70 can be made even longer in the radial direction. Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine 10 can increase the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan 70, and can sufficiently exhibit the cooling performance. Note that even if the dimension Lf is shorter than the dimension Li, the outlet 72 of the fan 70 can be arranged radially outside the outer end 41 of the inner rotor 40 . At this time, the radial distance between the outlet 72 of the fan 70 and the outer end 41 of the inner rotor 40 may be greater than zero and less than the radius of the rotating shaft 47 .
- the inner rotor 40 illustrated in FIG. 3 extends radially outwardly from a rotatable shaft 47 to support a plurality of rotor magnets 42 in addition to the above-described components shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2 .
- a support 48 is further included.
- the radially outer end of the support portion 48 in this example connects to a core 46 on which the rotor magnets 42 are provided.
- the support 48 according to one embodiment is axially columnar or tubular as illustrated in FIG.
- the support 48 according to another embodiment may be composed of a plurality of plates (not shown) having thickness in the axial direction. The plurality of plates are spaced apart along the axial direction.
- the third comprises a first bearing 61 and a second bearing 62 .
- the first bearing 61 includes a first end plate 34A located on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft 35 (that is, the other side in the axial direction) of the pair of end plates 34 included in the magnetic pole piece rotor 30, and the rotation shaft 47.
- the second bearing 62 is provided between the rotating shaft 47 and the second end plate 34 ⁇ /b>B positioned on one side of the pair of end plates 34 in the axial direction.
- the magnetic pole piece rotor 30 is rotatably held by the rotating shaft 47 via the first bearing 61 .
- the space S1 axially between the inlet 71 of the fan 70 and the first end plate 34A the pressure loss of the air flowing to the inlet 71 is reduced, and the fan 70 is Air can be delivered efficiently.
- the other end face 48A of the support portion 48 is located on one side of the core end face 46A, which is the other end face of the core 46, in the axial direction.
- a space S2 is formed radially inward of the core end surface 46A.
- the first bearing 61 described above is arranged in the space S2, and at least a portion of the first bearing 61 overlaps the core 46 in the axial direction. That is, at least part of the first bearing 61 is arranged at the same axial position as the core 46 .
- the first end plate 34A includes an extension portion 66 that extends radially on the other side in the axial direction of the core end surface 46A, and protrudes from the extension portion 66 to one side in the axial direction. and a protrusion 67 .
- a tip portion of the projecting portion 67 is arranged in the space S ⁇ b>2 , and a first bearing 61 is provided between this tip portion and the rotating shaft 47 .
- the first bearing 61 is arranged on one side in the axial direction.
- the space S1 between the first end plate 34A and the fan 70 can be expanded in the axial direction. As a result, the pressure loss of air flowing into inlet 71 is further reduced, allowing fan 70 to deliver air more efficiently.
- the inlet channel 15 in this example is defined by the first end plate 34A and the bracket 27 . Further upstream of the inlet flow path 15 , flow paths for air to flow toward the other side in the axial direction are formed in each of the inner rotor 40 , the pole piece rotor 30 , and the stator 20 . These flow paths will be described in order below.
- a core 46 of the inner rotor 40 has an inner air passage 49 extending along the axial direction.
- the inner ventilation passage 49 communicates with the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A.
- the opening 39 provided in the extension 66 radially overlaps the inner air passage 49 .
- a plurality of inner ventilation passages 49 and openings 39 may be arranged in the circumferential direction. Also, the numbers of the inner ventilation passages 49 and the openings 39 may be the same or different.
- the pole piece rotor 30 includes a pole piece air passage 37 extending axially radially outward of the plurality of rotor magnets 42 .
- the magnetic pole piece air passage 37 is provided in each of the plurality of non-magnetic members 33 (see FIG. 2) described above.
- the pole piece air passage 37 may be provided in each of the plurality of pole pieces 32 (see FIG. 2) described above.
- Stator 20 includes stator air passages 29 extending in the axial direction.
- stator air passages 29 are defined by slots 25 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, a plurality of stator air passages 29 are provided.
- stator air passages 29 may be holes provided in stator core 23 (see FIG. 2) that are different from slots 25 .
- the air that has reached the inlet 71 is sent out from the outlet 72 by the rotation of the fan 70 , flows radially outward through the housing ventilation passage 89 , and then flows axially to one side through the ventilation passage 88 .
- the air then reaches the inner air passages 49, the pole piece air passages 37, or the stator air passages 29 described above.
- air entering the housing 21 from the inlet may flow through the inner air passages 49, the pole piece air passages 37, or the stator air passages 29 before flowing through the fan 70 and the housing. It may be discharged to the outside from the outflow port through the ventilation passage 89 in order.
- magnetically geared electric machine 10 further comprises an anti-swirl plate 80 .
- the air flowing through the inlet passage 15 toward the fan 70 includes air exhausted from the rotating inner air passage 49 or the rotating pole piece air passage 37 and directs the inlet passage 15 to the fan 70 .
- Oncoming air has a swirling component.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 suppresses this swirl component, thereby increasing the relative velocity of this air to the rotating fan 70 .
- the fan 70 can impart a sufficient swirling force to the air, and the air can be vigorously sent out from the outlet 72, so that the air flow inside the housing 21 is promoted.
- the details of the anti-swirl plate 80 will be exemplified below.
- a radially extending anti-swirl plate 80 is fixed to the bracket 27 at an axial position between the inner air passage 49 and the fan 70 .
- the anti-swirl plate 80 By arranging the anti-swirl plate 80 at this axial position, the air that has flowed in order through the inner ventilation passage 49 of the inner rotor 40 and the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A hits the anti-swirl plate 80, causing the air to flow.
- a swirl component can be reduced.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 is arranged radially outside the inlet 71 of the fan 70 .
- the air flowing from the inner ventilation passage 49 to the fan 70 has a large swirling component.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 reduces the swirl component of the air, thereby increasing the relative speed of the air to the rotating fan 70 at the inlet 71 . Therefore, the fan 70 can impart sufficient swirl force to send air out from the outlet 72, and the air flow associated with the rotation of the fan 70 is promoted.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 may be hit by air discharged from the magnetic pole piece air passage 37 and air discharged from the stator air passage 29 .
- the swirl component of the air discharged from the magnetic pole piece air passage 37 hits the swirl prevention plate 80 , thereby further reducing the swirl component of the air directed toward the fan 70 .
- At least part of the anti-swirl plate 80 is axially spaced apart from the fan 70 side coil end portion 24A of the pair of coil end portions 24A that the stator coil 24 has at both ends in the axial direction. overlap. According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the installation space of the anti-swirl plate 80 from increasing in the axial direction by the amount of overlap between the anti-swirl plate 80 and the stator coil 24 . Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine 10 can be suppressed from being enlarged.
- the radial inner end 81 of the anti-swirl plate 80 is located radially inward of the inner end 39A of the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A.
- the opening 39 of the first end plate 34 ⁇ /b>A communicates with the inner ventilation passage 49 on the radially outer side of the radially inner end 81 of the anti-swirl plate 80 .
- at least a portion of the anti-rotation plate 80 is positioned radially inward of the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A, so the radial length of the anti-rotation plate 80 can be increased.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 and the opening 39 have the above positional relationship, the air that has flowed through the inner ventilation passage 49 and the opening 39 in order can pass through the anti-swirl plate 80 more reliably. As a result, the swirl component contained in the air that has sequentially flowed through the inner ventilation passage 49 and the opening 39 can be reduced more reliably and sufficiently.
- the radially outer edge 82 of the anti-swirl plate 80 is positioned radially outwardly of the outer edge 39B of the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A.
- the opening 39 of the first end plate 34 ⁇ /b>A communicates with the inner ventilation passage 49 radially inward of the radially outer end 82 of the anti-swirl plate 80 .
- at least a portion of the anti-rotation plate 80 is located radially inward of the opening 39 of the first end plate 34A, so the radial length of the anti-rotation plate 80 can be increased. Thereby, the swirl component contained in the air that has flowed through the inner ventilation passage 49 and the opening 39 in order can be sufficiently reduced.
- the outer end 82 of the anti-swirl plate 80 is provided radially inwardly of the outer end of the pole piece rotor 30 .
- Outer ends 82 according to other embodiments may be positioned radially outwardly of pole piece rotor 30 .
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an anti-swirl plate according to an embodiment as seen in the axial direction.
- a plurality of anti-swirl plates 80 are arranged along the circumferential direction with reference to the axial direction.
- each anti-swirl plate 80 extends linearly along the radial direction.
- the air whose swirl component has been reduced by the swirl prevention plate 80 may still include a swirl component in the direction of arrow A, or may include a swirl component in the direction opposite to the direction of arrow A.
- the plurality of anti-swirl plates 80 it is possible to more effectively reduce the swirl component contained in the air flowing from the inner ventilation passage 49 (see FIG. 2) to the fan .
- the anti-swirl plate 80 may extend curved along the radial direction.
- the anti-swirl plate 80 may extend radially inward so as to curve in a direction opposite to the rotation direction (arrow A) of the inner rotor 40 and the fan 70 .
- a rotation prevention plate 80 according to another embodiment is illustrated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The air discharged from the inner ventilation passage 49 reaches the anti-rotation plate 80 while rotating in the same rotational direction as the inner rotor 40 . As this air flows radially inward along the anti-swirl plate 80 curved as described above, the swirl component is effectively reduced by the anti-swirl plate 80 .
- the housing 21 defines a housing airway 89 and at least one airway 88 for passage of air delivered by the fan 70 .
- a housing air passage 89 communicating with the outlet 72 of the fan 70 and the air passage 88 is defined by the wall surface 27 A of the bracket 27 and the wall surface 21 A of the housing 21 .
- magnetic geared electric machine 10 includes a restriction 99 provided in housing air passage 89 .
- Restriction 99 is a mechanism configured to create a pressure drop in housing air passage 89 .
- an orifice aperture, a choke aperture, or the like may be employed. If the rotation speed of the inner rotor 40 becomes excessive when the magnetic geared electric machine 10 is operated, the phase difference angle determined by the rotation angle phase of the inner rotor 40 and the rotation angle phase of the pole piece rotor 30 becomes excessive, There is a risk that the magnetic geared electric machine 10 will step out.
- the throttle 99 is not connected to a controller including a processor, and electronic control of the amount of pressure drop across the throttle 99 is not executed. That is, when air flows through the housing ventilation passage 89, a pressure drop always occurs at the throttle 99.
- the pressure loss at the throttle 99 is proportional to the square of the air flow rate, and the air flow rate is proportional to the rotation speed of the fan 70 . Therefore, when the number of revolutions of the fan 70 is relatively low, the air brake action is very small and has little effect on the rotation of the inner rotor 40.
- the downstream side of the housing ventilation passage 89 includes at least one ventilation passage 88 radially outside the stator 20 and extending in the axial direction.
- the air passage 88 constitutes a flow path for air flowing through the housing 21 as the fan 70 rotates.
- the air that has flowed through the housing ventilation passage 89 flows through the ventilation passage 88 to one side in the axial direction.
- the air that has flowed through the ventilation passages 88 flows radially inwardly of the ventilation passages 88 and, for example, flows to the other side in the axial direction of the stator ventilation passages 29 , the pole piece ventilation passages 37 , or the inner ventilation passages 49 .
- the air sent out by the fan 70 flows through the ventilation passage 88 radially outside the stator 20 , so that the air inside the housing 21 is distributed radially outside the stator 20 and through the ventilation path 88 . It can flow between the channel 88 and the inner side in the radial direction. This promotes the airflow inside the housing 21 and improves the cooling performance of the magnetic-geared electric machine 10 .
- the flow of circulating air in the housing 21 is promoted, so that there is an advantage that heat is less likely to accumulate in the closed space inside the housing 21 .
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the housing 21 in axial view according to one embodiment.
- the magnetic geared electric machine 10 illustrated in FIG. 5 further includes an outer cover 110 that covers the housing 21 from the radial outside.
- the housing 21 has a plurality of ventilation passages 88 arranged along the circumferential direction.
- the ventilation passage 88 of this example is a groove extending along the axial direction provided in the housing 21 and covered with the inner cover 28 .
- the housing 21 includes a plurality of external air passages 73 that alternate with the plurality of air passages 88 .
- the external air passage 73 of this example is a groove extending along the axial direction provided in the housing 21 and covered by the outer cover 110 .
- Both axial ends of the outside air passage 73 and both axial ends of the outer cover 110 are open in the axial direction, allowing the outside air to flow through the outside air passage 73 along the axial direction.
- the outside air flowing through the outside air passage 73 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the ventilation passage 88 , thereby cooling the air flowing through the ventilation passage 88 .
- At least one of the stator 20, the pole piece rotor 30, or the rotor is cooled by the flow of this cooled air inside the housing 21.
- both the housing 21 and the outer cover 110 have a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction, but in other embodiments, they may have a rectangular tubular shape along the axial direction.
- the magnetic-geared electric machine 10 may not include the outer cover 110 .
- the outside air passage 73 is open axially and radially outward.
- the magnetic-geared electric machine 10 can more effectively cool the air flowing through the plurality of air passages 88 and improve the cooling performance.
- the housing 21 is a closed housing that closes the internal space.
- the air flowing through the ventilation passage 88 hardly contains outside air.
- the stator 20, the pole piece rotor 30, the inner rotor 40, and the fan 70 can be prevented from being exposed to the outside air, so deterioration such as corrosion of these components can be suppressed.
- a magnetically-geared electric machine (10) comprising: a stator (20); a pole piece rotor (30) comprising a plurality of pole pieces (32) arranged radially inwardly of the stator (20); an inner rotor comprising a plurality of rotor magnets (42) disposed radially inward of the plurality of pole pieces (32) and configured to rotate at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor (30); (40) and a fan (70) for cooling at least one of the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30) or the inner rotor (40); with The magnetic pole piece rotor (30) is arranged on one side in the axial direction with respect to the plurality of magnetic pole pieces (32), and has a power transmission shaft (35) for transmitting power to an external device (7). ) further including The fan (70) is provided on the inner rotor (40) on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft (35) across the rotor magnet (42) in the axial direction.
- the rotation speed of the fan (70) is increased by providing the fan (70) in the inner rotor (40) that rotates at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor (30).
- the fan (70) is provided on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft (35) with respect to the plurality of pole pieces (32), restrictions on the installation area of the fan (70) are reduced, and the fan (70) The radial length can be lengthened. Therefore, the flow rate of the air flowing along with the rotation of the fan (70) is increased, and the magnetic geared electric machine (10) that can sufficiently exhibit the cooling performance is realized.
- the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can increase the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan (70), and can fully exhibit the cooling performance.
- the inlet (71) of the fan (70) is provided radially inward of the rotor magnet (42), so that the fan (70) can be radially elongated. Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can increase the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan (70), and can fully exhibit the cooling performance.
- the fan (70) can be lengthened in the radial direction, so the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan (70) can be increased, and the cooling performance can be fully exhibited.
- the fan (70) can be lengthened in the radial direction, and the flow rate of the air sent out by the fan (70) can be further increased.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 1) to 5) above wherein
- the inner rotor (40) is a rotating shaft (47); a support portion (48) extending radially outward from the rotating shaft (47) to support the plurality of rotor magnets (42); further comprising
- the magnetic pole piece rotor (30) a pair of end plates (34) respectively provided on opposite sides of the plurality of pole pieces (32) in the axial direction,
- a first bearing (61) provided between a first end plate (34A) of the pair of end plates (34) located on the opposite side of the power transmission shaft (35) and the rotating shaft (47).
- the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can secure an air flow path inside in the axial direction without increasing the size.
- the magnetic-geared electric machine (10) of 6) above wherein said inner rotor (40) comprising a core (46) provided with a plurality of rotor magnets (42); At least part of the first bearing (61) overlaps the core (46) in the axial direction.
- the first bearing (61) is arranged on one side in the axial direction. 10) can expand the space (S1) between the first end plate (34A) and the fan (70) in the axial direction while suppressing an increase in size.
- said inner rotor (40) comprising a core (46) provided with a plurality of rotor magnets (42); the core (46) has an inner air passage (49) extending along the axial direction; a housing (21) containing the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30), the inner rotor (40) and the fan (70); and a radially extending anti-rotation plate (80) fixed to the housing (21) at an axial
- the inner rotor (40) is configured to rotate at a higher speed than the pole piece rotor (30), the air flows from the inner ventilation passage (49) to the fan (70). Air has a large swirl component.
- the anti-swirl plate (80) which hits the air discharged from the inner air passage (49), reduces this swirl component, thereby increasing the relative speed of the air to the rotating fan (70). Therefore, the fan (70) can deliver air with sufficient swirling force to promote air flow.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of 8) or 9) above comprising:
- the anti-rotation plate (80) extends in such a way that it curves in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the inner rotor (40) toward the inside in the radial direction.
- a magnetically-geared electric machine (10) according to any one of 8) to 10) above, wherein
- the stator (20) includes a stator coil (24) having a pair of coil end portions (24A) at both ends in the axial direction, At least part of the anti-swirl plate (80) overlaps the coil end portion (24A) on the fan (70) side in the axial direction.
- the configuration 11) above it is possible to suppress the installation space of the anti-swirl plate (80) from increasing in the axial direction by the amount of overlap between the anti-swirl plate (80) and the stator coil (24). Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can be prevented from becoming large.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 8) through 11) above wherein
- the pole piece rotor (30) further includes a pair of end plates (34) provided on both sides of the plurality of pole pieces (32) in the axial direction, Of the pair of end plates (34), the first end plate (34A) located on the side opposite to the power transmission shaft (35) is located at the inner end (81) of the anti-rotation plate (80) in the radial direction. has an opening (39) that communicates with the inner air passage (49) radially outwardly of the inner air passage (49).
- the anti-rotation plate (80) is located radially inside the opening (39) of the first end plate (34A).
- the radial length can be lengthened.
- the air that has flowed through the inner ventilation passage (49) and the opening (39) in this order can more reliably move the anti-swirl plate (80). can pass.
- the swirl component contained in the air that has sequentially flowed through the inner flow path (49) and the opening (39) can be reliably and sufficiently reduced.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 8) to 12) above wherein
- the pole piece rotor (30) further includes a pair of end plates (34) provided on both sides of the plurality of pole pieces (32) in the axial direction, Of the pair of end plates (34), the first end plate (34A) located on the side opposite to the power transmission shaft (35) is located at the radially outer end (82) of the anti-rotation plate (80). It has an opening (39) that communicates with the inner ventilation passage (49) radially inward.
- At least part of the anti-rotation plate (80) is located radially outside the opening (39) of the first end plate (34A), so that the anti-rotation plate (80)
- the radial length can be lengthened. This can sufficiently reduce the swirl component contained in the air that has flowed through the inner ventilation passage (49) and the opening (39) in order.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 1) to 13) above wherein A housing ventilation passage (70) containing the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30), the inner rotor (40), and the fan (70) and communicating with the outlet (72) of the fan (70).
- a housing (21) including a wall (21A) defining a wall (21A) defining 89); a throttle (99) provided in the housing air passage (89); further provide.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 1) to 14) above wherein further comprising a housing (21) containing the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30), the inner rotor (40) and the fan (70);
- the housing (21) extends radially outward of the stator (20) in the axial direction and forms a flow path for air flowing through the housing (21) as the fan (70) rotates.
- the air sent out by the fan (70) flows through the ventilation passage (88) radially outside the stator (20), so that the air inside the housing (21) is It can flow between the radially outer side of the stator (20) and the radially inner side of the air passage (88). Therefore, the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can improve cooling performance.
- the magnetically geared electric machine (10) of 15) above comprising:
- the housing (21) includes a plurality of outside air passages (73) arranged alternately with the plurality of ventilation passages (88) in a circumferential direction relative to the axial direction.
- the magnetic geared electric machine (10) can more effectively cool the air flowing through the plurality of air passages (88), thereby improving the cooling performance.
- the magnetically-geared electric machine (10) of any one of 1) to 16) above comprising: It further comprises a housing (21) containing the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30), the inner rotor (40) and the fan (70) and enclosing an internal space.
- the stator (20), the pole piece rotor (30), the inner rotor (40), and the fan (70) can be suppressed from being exposed to the outside air, so corrosion in these components can be suppressed. Such deterioration can be suppressed.
- a power generation system (1) according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure,
- a drive system (2) comprising: A magnetically geared electric machine (10) according to any one of 1) to 17) above as a magnetic geared motor (10B) configured to output power; the external device (7) as a drive unit including a shaft (3) connected to the power transmission shaft (35) configured to output power; Prepare.
- expressions such as “in a certain direction”, “along a certain direction”, “parallel”, “perpendicular”, “center”, “concentric” or “coaxial”, etc. express relative or absolute arrangements. represents not only such arrangement strictly, but also the state of being relatively displaced with a tolerance or an angle or distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.
- expressions such as “identical”, “equal”, and “homogeneous”, which express that things are in the same state not only express the state of being strictly equal, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
- expressions representing shapes such as a quadrilateral shape and a cylindrical shape not only represent shapes such as a quadrilateral shape and a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also within the range in which the same effect can be obtained. , a shape including an uneven portion, a chamfered portion, and the like.
- the expressions “comprising”, “including”, or “having” one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年7月27日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2021-122736号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
ステータと、
前記ステータよりも径方向内側に配置された複数の磁極片を含む磁極片回転子と、
複数の回転子磁石を含み、前記複数の磁極片よりも径方向内側に配置されて前記磁極片回転子よりも高速で回転するように構成された内側回転子と、
前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、または、前記内側回転子の少なくとも一つを冷却するためのファンと、
を備え、
前記磁極片回転子は、前記複数の磁極片に対して軸方向の一方側に配置され、外部機器との間で動力を伝達するための動力伝達軸をさらに含み、
前記ファンは、前記軸方向において前記回転子磁石を挟んで前記動力伝達軸とは反対側で前記内側回転子に設けられる。
動力が入力されて発電をするように構成された磁気ギアード発電機としての上記の磁気ギアード回転機械と、
動力が入力されるように構成された前記動力伝達軸に連結されたシャフトを含む原動機としての前記外部機器と、
を備える。
動力を出力するように構成された磁気ギアードモータとしての上記の磁気ギアード回転機械と、
動力を出力するように構成された前記動力伝達軸に連結されたシャフトを含む駆動部としての前記外部機器と、
を備える。
図1A及び図1Bは、それぞれ、磁気ギアード電気機械の例を示す概略図である。ここで、図1A及び図1Bにおいて、「軸方向」は磁気ギアード電気機械10の回転シャフト47に平行な方向であり、「径方向」は回転シャフト47に直交する方向である。磁気ギアード電気機械10と外部機器7との間では、動力の伝達がなされる。
一実施形態では、図1Aに示すように、磁気ギアード電気機械10は、原動機としての外部機器7A(7)から伝達(入力)される動力によって発電を行い、発電により生成した電力Pを例えば電力系統であってもよい電力供給先4に向けて供給するように構成される磁気ギアード発電機10Aである。
他の実施形態では、図1Bに示すように、磁気ギアード電気機械10は、例えば電力系統であってもよい電力供給源6から電力Pの供給を受けて、駆動部としての外部機器7B(7)に動力を伝達(出力)するように構成される磁気ギアードモータ10Bである。
磁気ギアード発電機10Aは、ステータ磁石22及びステータコイル24を含むステータ20と、ステータ20よりも径方向内側に配置された複数の磁極片32を含む磁極片回転子30と、複数の回転子磁石42を含む内側回転子40とを備える。内側回転子40は、複数の磁極片32の径方向内側に配置されており、磁極片回転子30よりも高速で回転するように構成される。図1Aに示す例では、ステータ20は、ハウジング21の内部に配置される。磁極片回転子30は、軸方向において複数の磁極片32の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレート34と、外部機器7Aとの間で動力を伝達するための動力伝達軸35とを含む。本例の動力伝達軸35は、外部機器7Aのシャフト3Aに連結されると共に、軸方向の一方側にあるエンドプレート34に連結される。動力伝達軸35は、ベアリングB1を介してハウジング21によって回転可能に支持される。動力が外部機器7Aのシャフト3Aから動力伝達軸35に伝達(入力)されることで、磁極片回転子30はシャフト3Aと一体的に回転する。
内側回転子40は、複数の回転子磁石42が設けられるコア46と、コア46の径方向内側で軸方向に延在する回転シャフト47とを含む。回転シャフト47は、ベアリングB2を介してハウジング21に回転可能に支持される。
例えば、磁気ギアード発電機10Aにおける発電は以下の原理により行われてもよい。外部機器7Aのシャフト3Aとともに回転する磁極片回転子30の磁極片32によって、ステータ磁石22の磁束が変調され、変調された磁場から回転子磁石42が磁力を受けて内側回転子40が回転する。このとき、磁極片回転子30に対する内側回転子40の回転数の比(増速比)は、回転子磁石42の極対数NHに対する磁極片32の磁極数NLの比(=NL/NH)で表される。内側回転子40が回転することで、電磁誘導によってステータコイル24に電流が発生する。なお、磁極片32の磁極数NLは、回転子磁石42の極対数NHよりも多い。また、磁極片32の磁極数NLは、ステータ磁石22の極対数NSよりも多い。
磁気ギアードモータ10Bの基本構成は、図1Aに示す磁気ギアード発電機10Aと共通する。
すなわち、磁気ギアードモータ10Bは、ステータ磁石22及びステータコイル24を含むステータ20と、複数の磁極片32を含む磁極片回転子30と、複数の回転子磁石42を含む内側回転子40とを備える。内側回転子40は、複数の磁極片32の径方向内側に配置されており、磁極片回転子30よりも高速で回転するように構成される。図1Bに示す例では、ステータ20は、ハウジング21の内部に配置される。磁極片回転子30は、軸方向において複数の磁極片32の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレート34と、外部機器7Bとの間で動力を伝達するための動力伝達軸35とを含む。本例の動力伝達軸35は、外部機器7Bのシャフト3Bに連結されると共に、軸方向の一方側にあるエンドプレート34に連結される。動力伝達軸35は、ベアリングB1を介してハウジング21によって回転可能に支持される。磁気ギアードモータ10Bにおいて生成された動力が動力伝達軸35から外部機器7Bのシャフト3Bに伝達(出力)されることで、シャフト3Bが回転して、外部機器7Bは動作する。
内側回転子40は、複数の回転子磁石42が設けられるコア46と、コア46の径方向内側で軸方向に延在する回転シャフト47とを含む。回転シャフト47は、ベアリングB2を介してハウジング21に回転可能に支持される。
続けて、図2を参照して、上述した磁気ギアード電気機械10(10A,10B)の内部構造について説明する。
図2は、一実施形態に係る磁気ギアード電気機械10の径方向断面図である。ここで、図2において、「周方向」は、磁気ギアード電気機械10の軸方向を基準とした周方向である。
図2に示すように、磁気ギアード電気機械10のステータ20は、周方向に配列された複数のステータ磁石22とステータコイル24とを含む。ステータ磁石22及びステータコイル24は、ステータコア23に取り付けられる。
図2には、ステータ磁石22がステータコア23の表面に取り付けられた表面磁石型(SPM;Surface Permanent Magnet)の構造例を示している。他の実施形態では、ステータ20は、ステータ磁石22がステータコア23に埋め込まれた埋込磁石型(IPM;Interior Permanent Magnet)の構造を有していてもよい。
非磁性部材33は、マトリックス樹脂に強化繊維を複合化させた繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)であってもよく、例えば、炭素繊維を強化繊維として用いたCFRPや、ガラス繊維を強化繊維として用いたGFRPであってもよい。
図2には、回転子磁石42がコア46の表面に取り付けられた表面磁石型(SPM;Surface Permanent Magnet)の構造例を示している。他の実施形態では、内側回転子40は、回転子磁石42がコア46に埋め込まれた埋込磁石型(IPM;Interior Permanent Magnet)の構造を有していてもよい。
また、閉塞部材45は、マトリックス樹脂に強化繊維を複合化させた繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)であってもよく、例えば、炭素繊維を強化繊維として用いたCFRPや、ガラス繊維を強化繊維として用いたGFRPであってもよい。閉塞部材45は、図2に示すように、周方向に交互に並ぶ磁石グループ(Gr1,Gr2)間の周方向隙間の少なくとも一部を閉塞してもよい。この場合、コア46からの各回転子磁石42の突出高さよりも、コア46からの閉塞部材45の表面までの高さは小さくてもよい。
上記構成の磁気ギアード電気機械10(10A,10B)では、ステータコイル24における銅損、磁極片32における鉄損に起因した発熱、または、磁気ギアード電気機械10内部での熱の滞留などが発生し得る。従って、磁気ギアード電気機械10では冷却構造が採用される。以下、その概要を説明する。
図3は、一実施形態に係る磁気ギアード電気機械の内部構造を示す軸方向断面図である。
ステータ20、磁極片回転子30、内側回転子40、及びファン70は、ハウジング21に収容される。ハウジング21は、内部空間を閉鎖する密閉型ハウジングでもよいし、ルーバまたはダクトなどの外部空間と連通する連通口を含む開放型ハウジングでもよい。
磁気ギアード電気機械10の稼働時、内側回転子40と共に回転するファン70は上流側から取り込んだ空気を下流側に送出する。これにより、ハウジング21の内部を流れる空気が、ステータ20、磁極片回転子30、または内側回転子40の少なくとも一つを冷却する。なお、密閉型ハウジングが採用される一実施形態では、ハウジング21の内部を流れる空気は循環空気である。また、開放型ハウジングが採用される他の実施形態では、外気が流入口からハウジング21の内部に流入し、ファン70を経由して流出口から排出されてもよい。一例として、流入口と流出口は、ハウジング21に設けられた連通口である。流入口は軸方向の一方側に位置し、流出口は軸方向の他方側に位置してもよい。
本実施形態のハウジング21は、上述のベアリングB1を介して動力伝達軸35を回転可能に支持すると共に、上述のベアリングB2を介して内側回転子40の回転シャフト47を回転可能に支持する。
一実施形態に係るハウジング21には、ファン70によって送出された空気の通路であるハウジング通風路89と、少なくとも1つの通風路88が設けられている(詳細は後述する)。なお、他の実施形態に係るハウジング21は、ハウジング通風路89または通風路88の少なくとも1つが設けられていなくてもよい。例えば開放型ハウジングが採用される場合、通風路88が形成されなくてもよい。このとき、ハウジング通風路89に対して径方向外側に上述の流出口が位置してもよい。
図3の例では、ファン70の入口71が、回転子磁石42よりも径方向内側に配置される。図3の例では、入口71はファン70の軸方向の一方側の端部である。内側回転子40と共にファン70が回転すると、空気はファン70の入口71から出口72へ流れ、一例として上述のハウジング通風路89に送出される。なお、ファン70の入口71は、回転子磁石42が設けられるコア46よりも径方向内側に配置されてもよい。
図3の例では、出口72は、ファン70の径方向外側端であり、回転子磁石42よりも径方向外側に設けられる。上記構成によれば、ファン70の出口72が内側回転子40の外側端41よりも径方向外側に位置するので、ファン70を径方向に長くできる。また、寸法Lfが寸法Liよりも長いので、ファン70を径方向にさらに長くできる。よって、磁気ギアード電気機械10は、ファン70によって送出される空気の流量を増大でき、冷却性能を十分に発揮することができる。
なお、寸法Lfが寸法Liよりも短くても、ファン70の出口72が内側回転子40の外側端41よりも径方向外側に配置され得る。このとき、ファン70の出口72と内側回転子40の外側端41との径方向距離は、0を上回り且つ回転シャフト47の半径を下回ってもよい。
図3で例示される磁気ギアード電気機械10は、第1ベアリング61と第2ベアリング62を備える。第1ベアリング61は、磁極片回転子30に含まれる一対のエンドプレート34のうち動力伝達軸35とは反対側(すなわち軸方向の他方側)に位置する第1エンドプレート34Aと、回転シャフト47との間に設けられる。第2ベアリング62は、一対のエンドプレート34のうち軸方向の一方側に位置する第2エンドプレート34Bと回転シャフト47との間に設けられる。
具体的な構造の一例として、第1エンドプレート34Aは、コア端面46Aよりも軸方向他方側で径方向に延在する延在部66と、延在部66から軸方向の一方側に突出する突出部67とを備える。突出部67の先端部は空間S2に配置されており、この先端部と回転シャフト47との間に第1ベアリング61が設けられる。
続いて、図3を参照し、磁気ギアード電気機械10を冷却する空気の通路を説明する。ファン70の入口71よりも上流側にある上述のスペースS1は、径方向に延在する入口流路15と連通する。本例の入口流路15は、第1エンドプレート34Aとブラケット27とによって画定される。入口流路15よりもさらに上流側には、空気が軸方向の他方側に向けて流れるための流路が、内側回転子40、磁極片回転子30、ステータ20の各々に形成される。以下、これらの流路を順に説明する。
内側回転子40とファン70が一体的に回転することに伴って、空気は内側通風路49を軸方向の他方側へ流れ、開口39を経由して入口流路15に到達する。
磁極片回転子30が磁気ギアード電気機械10の稼働時に回転すると、磁極片通風路37を空気が軸方向の他方側へ流れ、このときステータ通風路29においても別の空気が軸方向他方側へ流れる。磁極片通風路37を流れる空気と、ステータ通風路29を流れる別の空気は、内側通風路49と開口39を順に流れた空気と入口流路15で合流し、スペースS1を経由してファン70の入口71まで流れる。
なお、ハウジング21が開放型ハウジングである実施形態では、流入口からハウジング21に流入する空気が、内側通風路49、磁極片通風路37、またはステータ通風路29を流れた後、ファン70とハウジング通風路89を順に経由して流出口から外部に排出されてもよい。
幾つかの実施形態では、磁気ギアード電気機械10は旋回防止板80をさらに備える。上述した通り、ファン70に向かって入口流路15を流れる空気には、回転する内側通風路49または回転する磁極片通風路37から排出された空気が含まれ、入口流路15をファン70に向かって流れる空気は旋回成分を有する。旋回防止板80がこの旋回成分を抑制することによって、回転するファン70に対するこの空気の相対的な速さは増加する。結果、ファン70は十分な旋回力を空気に付与でき、空気を勢いよく出口72から送出できるので、ハウジング21内部における空気の流れが促進される。以下、旋回防止板80の詳細を例示する。
なお、旋回防止板80には上記の空気の他に、磁極片通風路37から排出された空気とステータ通風路29から排出された空気とが当たってもよい。特に、磁極片通風路37から排出される旋回成分を有する空気が旋回防止板80に当たることで、ファン70に向かう空気の旋回成分をさらに低減できる。
なお、図3で例示される実施形態では、旋回防止板80の外側端82は、径方向において、磁極片回転子30の外側端よりも径方向内側に設けられる。他の実施形態に係る外側端82は、磁極片回転子30よりも径方向外側に位置してもよい。
旋回防止板80によって旋回成分を低減された空気は、依然として矢印A方向の旋回成分を含んでもよいし、矢印A方向とは反対方向の旋回成分を含んでもよい。
上記構成によれば、複数の旋回防止板80が設けられることによって、内側通風路49(図2参照)からファン70に流れる空気に含まれる旋回成分をより効果的に低減できる。
図3に戻り、ファン70によって送出される空気の通路を詳説する。上述した通り、ハウジング21は、ファン70によって送出される空気の通路であるハウジング通風路89と少なくとも1つの通風路88とを画定する。ファン70の出口72と通風路88とに連通するハウジング通風路89は、ブラケット27の壁面27Aとハウジング21の壁面21Aとによって画定される。
磁気ギアード電気機械10が稼働するときに内側回転子40の回転速度が過剰になると、内側回転子40の回転角位相と磁極片回転子30の回転角位相とによって定まる相差角が過剰になり、磁気ギアード電気機械10で脱調が生じるおそれがある。この点、上記構成によれば、内側回転子40の回転速度が過剰になるほど、ハウジング通風路89を流れる空気の流量が増大し、絞り99における圧力損失が増大する。結果、ファン70に対するエアブレーキ作用が増大し、内側回転子40は減速できる。よって、内側回転子40の回転速度が過剰になるのを抑制できるので、磁気ギアード電気機械10の脱調を抑制できる。
図5の例では、ハウジング21には、上述の通風路88が周方向に沿って複数配置される。本例の通風路88は、ハウジング21に設けられた軸方向に沿って延在する溝であり、内側カバー28によって覆われている。さらに、ハウジング21は、複数の通風路88とそれぞれ交互に並ぶ複数の外気通路73を含む。本例の外気通路73は、ハウジング21に設けられた軸方向に沿って延在する溝であり、外側カバー110によって覆われている。外気通路73の軸方向両端と外側カバー110の軸方向両端はいずれも軸方向に開放されており、外気は軸方向に沿って外気通路73を流れることができる。外気通路73を流れる外気が、通風路88を流れる空気と熱交換することにより、通風路88を流れる空気は冷却される。この冷却された空気がハウジング21の内部を流れることで、ステータ20、磁極片回転子30、または回転子の少なくとも1つは冷却される。
以下、幾つかの実施形態に係る磁気ギアード電気機械10、発電システム1、及び駆動システム2について概要を記載する。
ステータ(20)と、
前記ステータ(20)よりも径方向内側に配置された複数の磁極片(32)を含む磁極片回転子(30)と、
複数の回転子磁石(42)を含み、前記複数の磁極片(32)よりも径方向内側に配置されて前記磁極片回転子(30)よりも高速で回転するように構成された内側回転子(40)と、
前記ステータ(20)、前記磁極片回転子(30)、または、前記内側回転子(40)の少なくとも一つを冷却するためのファン(70)と、
を備え、
前記磁極片回転子(30)は、前記複数の磁極片(32)に対して軸方向の一方側に配置され、外部機器(7)との間で動力を伝達するための動力伝達軸(35)をさらに含み、
前記ファン(70)は、前記軸方向において前記回転子磁石(42)を挟んで前記動力伝達軸(35)とは反対側で前記内側回転子(40)に設けられる。
前記ファン(70)の少なくとも一部は、前記回転子磁石(42)よりも径方向内側に設けられる。
前記ファン(70)の入口(71)が、前記回転子磁石(42)よりも径方向内側に設けられる。
前記ファン(70)の出口(72)は、前記内側回転子(40)の径方向の外側端(41)よりも、径方向外側に位置する。
前記ファン(70)の径方向長さ(寸法Lf)は、前記内側回転子(40)の径方向長さの半分(寸法Li)よりも長い。
前記内側回転子(40)は、
回転シャフト(47)と、
前記回転シャフト(47)から径方向外側に延びて前記複数の回転子磁石(42)を支持する支持部(48)と、
をさらに含み、
前記磁極片回転子(30)は、
前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片(32)の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレート(34)と、をさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレート(34)のうち前記動力伝達軸(35)とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレート(34A)と前記回転シャフト(47)との間に設けられる第1ベアリング(61)をさらに備える。
前記内側回転子(40)は、複数の回転子磁石(42)が設けられたコア(46)を含み、
前記第1ベアリング(61)の少なくとも一部は、前記軸方向において前記コア(46)とオーバラップする。
前記内側回転子(40)は、複数の回転子磁石(42)が設けられたコア(46)を含み、
前記コア(46)は、前記軸方向に沿って延在する内側通風路(49)を有し、
前記ステータ(20)、前記磁極片回転子(30)、前記内側回転子(40)、及び前記ファン(70)を収容するハウジング(21)と、
前記内側通風路(49)と前記ファン(70)との間の軸方向位置において前記ハウジング(21)に固定され、径方向に沿って延在する旋回防止板(80)と、をさらに備える。
前記軸方向を基準とした周方向に沿って配置された複数の前記旋回防止板(80)をさらに備える。
前記旋回防止板(80)は、前記径方向の内側に向かうほど、前記内側回転子(40)の回転方向とは反対方向に向かうよう湾曲して延在する。
前記ステータ(20)は、前記軸方向の両端にそれぞれ一対のコイルエンド部(24A)を有するステータコイル(24)を含み、
前記旋回防止板(80)の少なくとも一部は、前記ファン(70)側の前記コイルエンド部(24A)と前記軸方向においてオーバラップする。
前記磁極片回転子(30)は、前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片(32)の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレート(34)をさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレート(34)のうち前記動力伝達軸(35)とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレート(34A)は、前記旋回防止板(80)の前記径方向における内側端(81)よりも径方向外側において、前記内側通風路(49)と連通する開口(39)を有する。
前記磁極片回転子(30)は、前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片(32)の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレート(34)をさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレート(34)のうち前記動力伝達軸(35)とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレート(34A)は、前記旋回防止板(80)の前記径方向における外側端(82)よりも径方向内側において、前記内側通風路(49)と連通する開口(39)を有する。
前記ステータ(20)、前記磁極片回転子(30)、前記内側回転子(40)、及び前記ファン(70)を収容し、前記ファン(70)の出口(72)に連通するハウジング通風路(89)を画定する壁面(21A)を含むハウジング(21)と、
前記ハウジング通風路(89)に設けられた絞り(99)と、
をさらに備える。
前記ステータ(20)、前記磁極片回転子(30)、前記内側回転子(40)、及び前記ファン(70)を収容するハウジング(21)をさらに備え、
前記ハウジング(21)は、前記ステータ(20)よりも径方向外側で前記軸方向に延在し、前記ファン(70)の回転に伴い前記ハウジング(21)の内を流れる空気の流路を構成する少なくとも1つの通風路(88)を含む。
前記ハウジング(21)は、前記軸方向を基準とした周方向において複数の前記通風路(88)とそれぞれ交互に並ぶ複数の外気通路(73)を含む。
前記ステータ(20)、前記磁極片回転子(30)、前記内側回転子(40)、及び前記ファン(70)を収容し、内部空間を閉鎖するハウジング(21)をさらに備える。
動力が入力されて発電をするように構成された磁気ギアード発電機(10A)としての、上記1)乃至17)のいずれかに記載の磁気ギアード電気機械(10)と、
動力が入力されるように構成された前記動力伝達軸(35)に連結されたシャフト(3)を含む原動機としての前記外部機器(7)と、
を備える。
動力を出力するように構成された磁気ギアードモータ(10B)としての、上記1)乃至17)のいずれかに記載の磁気ギアード電気機械(10)と、
動力を出力するように構成された前記動力伝達軸(35)に連結されたシャフト(3)を含む駆動部としての前記外部機器(7)と、
を備える。
例えば、「同一」、「等しい」及び「均質」等の物事が等しい状態であることを表す表現は、厳密に等しい状態を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の差が存在している状態も表すものとする。
また、本明細書において、四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表す表現は、幾何学的に厳密な意味での四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表すのみならず、同じ効果が得られる範囲で、凹凸部や面取り部等を含む形状も表すものとする。
また、本明細書において、一の構成要素を「備える」、「含む」、又は、「有する」という表現は、他の構成要素の存在を除外する排他的な表現ではない。
2 :駆動システム
3 :シャフト
7 :外部機器
10 :磁気ギアード電気機械
20 :ステータ
21 :ハウジング
24 :ステータコイル
24A :コイルエンド部
26A,27A :壁面
30 :磁極片回転子
32 :磁極片
34 :エンドプレート
34A :第1エンドプレート
35 :動力伝達軸
39 :開口
39A :内側端
39B :外側端
40 :内側回転子
41 :外側端
42 :回転子磁石
46 :コア
47 :回転シャフト
48 :支持部
49 :内側通風路
61 :第1ベアリング
70 :ファン
71 :入口
72 :出口
73 :外気通路
80 :旋回防止板
81 :内側端
82 :外側端
88 :通風路
89 :ハウジング通風路
99 :絞り
Claims (19)
- ステータと、
前記ステータよりも径方向内側に配置された複数の磁極片を含む磁極片回転子と、
複数の回転子磁石を含み、前記複数の磁極片よりも径方向内側に配置されて前記磁極片回転子よりも高速で回転するように構成された内側回転子と、
前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、または、前記内側回転子の少なくとも一つを冷却するためのファンと、
を備え、
前記磁極片回転子は、前記複数の磁極片に対して軸方向の一方側に配置され、外部機器との間で動力を伝達するための動力伝達軸をさらに含み、
前記ファンは、前記軸方向において前記回転子磁石を挟んで前記動力伝達軸とは反対側で前記内側回転子に設けられる、
磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ファンの少なくとも一部は、前記回転子磁石よりも径方向内側に設けられる、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ファンの入口は、前記回転子磁石よりも径方向内側に設けられる、
請求項1または2に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ファンの出口は、前記内側回転子の径方向の外側端よりも、径方向外側に位置する、請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。
- 前記ファンの径方向長さは、前記内側回転子の径方向長さの半分よりも長い、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記内側回転子は、
回転シャフトと、
前記回転シャフトから径方向外側に延びて前記複数の回転子磁石を支持する支持部と、
をさらに含み、
前記磁極片回転子は、
前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレートと、をさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレートのうち前記動力伝達軸とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレートと前記回転シャフトとの間に設けられる第1ベアリングをさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記内側回転子は、複数の回転子磁石が設けられたコアを含み、
前記第1ベアリングの少なくとも一部は、前記軸方向において前記コアとオーバラップする、
請求項6に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記内側回転子は、複数の回転子磁石が設けられたコアを含み、
前記コアは、前記軸方向に沿って延在する内側通風路を有し、
前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、前記内側回転子、及び前記ファンを収容するハウジングと、
前記内側通風路と前記ファンとの間の軸方向位置において前記ハウジングに固定され、径方向に沿って延在する旋回防止板と、をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記軸方向を基準とした周方向に沿って配置された複数の前記旋回防止板をさらに備える、請求項8に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。
- 前記旋回防止板は、前記径方向の内側に向かうほど、前記内側回転子の回転方向とは反対方向に向かうよう湾曲して延在する
請求項8または9に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ステータは、前記軸方向の両端にそれぞれ一対のコイルエンド部を有するステータコイルを含み、
前記旋回防止板の少なくとも一部は、前記ファン側の前記コイルエンド部と前記軸方向においてオーバラップする、
請求項8または9に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記磁極片回転子は、前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレートをさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレートのうち前記動力伝達軸とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレートは、前記旋回防止板の前記径方向における内側端よりも径方向外側において、前記内側通風路と連通する開口を有する、
請求項8または9に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記磁極片回転子は、前記軸方向において前記複数の磁極片の両側にそれぞれ設けられる一対のエンドプレートをさらに含み、
前記一対のエンドプレートのうち前記動力伝達軸とは反対側に位置する第1エンドプレートは、前記旋回防止板の前記径方向における外側端よりも径方向内側において、前記内側通風路と連通する開口を有する、
請求項8または9に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、前記内側回転子、及び前記ファンを収容し、前記ファンの出口に連通するハウジング通風路を画定する壁面を含むハウジングと、
前記ハウジング通風路に設けられた絞りと、をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、前記内側回転子、及び前記ファンを収容するハウジングをさらに備え、
前記ハウジングは、前記ステータよりも径方向外側で前記軸方向に延在し、前記ファンの回転に伴い前記ハウジング内を流れる空気の流路を構成する少なくとも1つの通風路を含む、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ハウジングは、前記軸方向を基準とした周方向において複数の前記通風路とそれぞれ交互に並ぶ複数の外気通路を含む、
請求項15に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 前記ステータ、前記磁極片回転子、前記内側回転子、及び前記ファンを収容し、内部空間を閉鎖するハウジングをさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械。 - 動力が入力されて発電をするように構成された磁気ギアード発電機としての、請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械と、
動力が入力されるように構成された前記動力伝達軸に連結されたシャフトを含む原動機としての前記外部機器と、
を備える発電システム。 - 動力を出力するように構成された磁気ギアードモータとしての、請求項1に記載の磁気ギアード電気機械と、
動力を出力するように構成された前記動力伝達軸に連結されたシャフトを含む駆動部としての前記外部機器と、
を備える駆動システム。
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JP2013059177A (ja) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 磁気ギアおよびその製造方法 |
JP2017208874A (ja) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 回転電機、回転電機駆動システム及び鉄道車両 |
WO2019234967A1 (ja) | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 回転電機 |
JP6804700B1 (ja) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-12-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 固定子およびこれを用いた回転電機 |
JP2021122736A (ja) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-30 | ダッソー システムズDassault Systemes | 関節の回転中心を見つける方法 |
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JP2013059177A (ja) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 磁気ギアおよびその製造方法 |
JP2017208874A (ja) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 回転電機、回転電機駆動システム及び鉄道車両 |
WO2019234967A1 (ja) | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 回転電機 |
JP6804700B1 (ja) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-12-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 固定子およびこれを用いた回転電機 |
JP2021122736A (ja) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-30 | ダッソー システムズDassault Systemes | 関節の回転中心を見つける方法 |
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