WO2023006104A1 - 机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质 - Google Patents

机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023006104A1
WO2023006104A1 PCT/CN2022/109182 CN2022109182W WO2023006104A1 WO 2023006104 A1 WO2023006104 A1 WO 2023006104A1 CN 2022109182 W CN2022109182 W CN 2022109182W WO 2023006104 A1 WO2023006104 A1 WO 2023006104A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
robot
charging pile
preset
charging
angle
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PCT/CN2022/109182
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱俊安
陈俊伟
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深圳市普渡科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023006104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023006104A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of robots, and in particular to a robot and its automatic recharging method, control device, and storage medium.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a robot and an automatic recharging method thereof, a control device, and a storage medium.
  • a robot comprising a memory, a processor, and computer readable instructions stored in the memory and operable on the processor, the robot further comprising an inductive sensor and a charging electrode each communicatively connected to the processor
  • the inductive sensor is arranged on the first side of the robot, the charging electrode is arranged on the second side of the robot, and the first side is arranged opposite to the second side; the processor executes the computer can The following steps are implemented when reading instructions:
  • the robot Receive a charging instruction, and control the robot to drive to a preset anchor point position; the preset anchor point position is located at a preset distance in front of the charging pile;
  • the robot When the inductive sensor detects that the robot rotates to the second side and aligns with the charging pile, the robot is controlled to stop rotating and go straight backward;
  • the robot After detecting that the charging electrode is in matching contact with the charging pile, the robot is controlled to stop moving and perform a charging operation.
  • a method for automatic recharging of a robot comprising:
  • the robot Receive a charging instruction, and control the robot to drive to a preset anchor point position; the preset anchor point position is located at a preset distance in front of the charging pile;
  • the robot includes an inductive sensor arranged on a first side of the robot and a charging electrode arranged on a second side of the robot; the first side and the second side relative settings;
  • the robot When the inductive sensor detects that the robot rotates to the second side and aligns with the charging pile, the robot is controlled to stop rotating and go straight backward;
  • the robot After detecting that the charging electrode is in matching contact with the charging pile, the robot is controlled to stop moving and perform a charging operation.
  • a control device comprising: a memory, a processor, and computer-readable instructions stored on the memory and operable on the processor; when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the above robot automatic Recharge method.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned automatic recharging method for a robot is realized.
  • a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; read by a processor of a computer device from the computer-readable storage medium and When the computer instructions are executed, the computer equipment is made to execute the above-mentioned automatic recharging method for the robot.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for automatic recharging of a robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of step S10 of the automatic recharging method for the robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of step S20 of the automatic recharging method for the robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of step S30 of the automatic recharging method for the robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a robot provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first side and a second side of a robot provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first side and a second side of a robot provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of when the first side of the robot is aligned with the charging pile in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the robot in the initial posture of the mileage in an embodiment of the present application.
  • a robot is provided, and the structure diagram of the robot may be as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 .
  • the robot includes a processor, memory, network interface and database connected by a system bus. Among them, the robot's processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities.
  • the memory of the robot includes a readable storage medium and an internal memory.
  • the readable storage medium stores an operating system, computer readable instructions and a database.
  • the internal memory provides an environment for the execution of the operating system and computer readable instructions in the readable storage medium.
  • the robot's database is used to store the data used by its corresponding robot's automatic recharging method.
  • the robot's network interface is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection.
  • the readable storage medium provided in this embodiment includes a non-volatile readable storage medium and a volatile readable storage medium.
  • the robot may further include an input device and a display screen, the input device is used to receive signals, texts, etc. sent by other devices; the display screen may be used to display motion information of the robot 100 and the like.
  • a robot including a memory, a processor, and computer-readable instructions stored in the memory and operable on the processor, as shown in FIG. 6 ,
  • the robot also includes an inductive sensor 2 and a charging electrode 1 that are both communicatively connected to the processor; the inductive sensor 2 is arranged on the first side 3 of the robot 100, and the charging electrode 1 is arranged on the second Two sides 4, the first side 3 is arranged opposite to the second side 4; wherein, the induction sensor 2 is arranged on the first side 3 on the chassis 5 of the robot 100 (further, the first side 3 is The front side of the robot 100, the second side 4 is the rear side of the robot 100), can be used to detect obstacles located on the first side 3 of the robot 100, serve the three-dimensional obstacle avoidance function, and then effectively protect the robot 100, to avoid collision with obstacles.
  • the inductive sensor 2 includes a laser radar, through which the position and orientation data of obstacles and the like can be detected, and then the robot 100 can be positioned or guided to avoid obstacles based on the detected data.
  • the inductive sensor 2 may also include other sensors such as an RGBD camera (depth image camera), odometer, monocular camera, binocular camera or multi-eye camera, etc., that is, the inductive sensor 2 may include at least the above columns according to actual needs. At least one of them can be selected, so that the robot 100 can locate or determine and avoid obstacles and the like according to the information collected by the inductive sensor 2 .
  • RGBD camera depth image camera
  • odometer monocular camera
  • binocular camera or multi-eye camera etc.
  • the charging electrode 1 includes two sub-electrodes arranged at intervals on the chassis 5 of the robot 100 , and the sub-electrodes are arranged along the outer surface of the chassis 5 of the robot 100 .
  • the setting form of the charging electrode 1 can also be set to other forms according to requirements, as long as it can be matched and contacted with the charging pile 200 to charge the robot 100 .
  • the first side 3 and the second side 4 are two structural position ranges provided on the opposite outer surface of the same robot 100 that can be used for setting the inductive sensor 2 and installing the charging electrode 1 respectively.
  • the robot 100 further includes a chassis 5 and a robot body 6 disposed on the chassis 5 , and the induction sensor 2 and the charging electrode 1 are installed on the chassis 5 .
  • the connection method between the robot body 6 and the chassis 5 can be set according to requirements, such as clip connection, screw connection or welding, etc., as long as the stable connection of the two can be realized.
  • the chassis 5 can be a square prism
  • the first side 3 and the The second side 4 can refer to two opposite sides on the quadrangular prism chassis 5;
  • Two opposite curved surfaces with a certain area wherein, the area of the curved surfaces can be set according to requirements, and the areas of the two opposite curved surfaces can be the same or different, but the lower inductive sensor 2 or the charging electrode 1 can be installed in the curved surfaces
  • the geometric centerline points of the two curved surfaces may be set symmetrically with the centerline of the chassis 5 as the axis of symmetry.
  • the first side when the chassis 5 or the robot 100 is a quasi-circular cylinder (that is, the cross-section is composed of an indefinite number of arcs or a figure composed of an indefinite number of arcs and an indefinite number of straight lines), the first side
  • the relative arrangement of 33 and the second side 4 may mean that the first side 3 and the second side 4 respectively have a line symmetrically arranged with the center line parallel to the height in the chassis 5, and the first side 3 and the second side 4 are not connected.
  • the chassis 5 is an elliptical cylinder
  • the first side 3 includes the arc line segment shown in Figure 7
  • the second side 4 includes the arc line segment shown in Figure 7
  • the charging electrode 1 is mounted on the second side 4 and the inductive sensor 2 is arranged on the first side 3.
  • the chassis 5 is a cylinder.
  • the first side 3 includes the arc line segment shown in FIG. 8
  • the second side 4 includes the arc line segment shown in FIG. 8
  • the inductive sensor 2 is arranged on the first side 3 .
  • the processor of the robot implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instructions:
  • the preset anchor point position is located at a preset distance F in front of the charging pile (wherein, the preset distance can be set according to requirements, and the detection of the induction sensor 2 range 300 should be greater than the preset distance); in the embodiment of the present application, when the robot 100 moves to the matching contact between the charging electrode 1 and the charging pile 200, the charging operation of the robot 100 can be realized, and after the charging is completed, the robot 100 needs to retreat so that the charging electrode 1 is separated from the charging post 200 .
  • the charging pile 200 may be set at a fixed installation location, and the preset anchor point location may refer to a location point that is set at a preset distance from the installation location and is located directly in front of the charging pile 200, but due to The sub-electrodes of the charging electrode 1 are elongated and extend along the outer surface of the chassis 5 of the robot 100. Therefore, the preset anchor point position may not be located directly in front of the charging pile 200, and there is a certain distance between it and the position directly in front. Offset angle (but still need to ensure the preset distance between the preset anchor point position and the installation position), the charging electrode 1 can finally be in matching contact with the charging pile 200 through the automatic recharging method of the robot in this application , to finally realize the charging operation.
  • the processor before the receiving the charging instruction, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instruction:
  • the processor detects the battery power of the robot 100 in real time, and compares the real-time measured battery power with a preset power threshold, and when the battery power is greater than or equal to
  • the preset power threshold can be set by the user according to the demand, and it can also be a default value.
  • the battery power is lower than the preset power threshold, it means that the robot 100 currently has a charging demand. At this time, the battery of the robot 100 needs to be charged. Charge.
  • the charging instruction is generated. That is to say, when the battery power of the robot 100 is lower than the preset power threshold, it means that the robot 100 currently has a charging demand. At this time, the battery of the robot 100 needs to be charged. Therefore, the processor will generate a charging command, and then according to the charging command Go to step S10, acquire the position coordinates of the preset anchor point position, and control the robot 100 to drive to the preset anchor point position.
  • the charging instruction is automatically generated according to the battery power measured in real time, without manual operation, which realizes the automation and intelligence of the robot 100 .
  • the receiving a charging instruction includes: receiving a charging instruction sent by a smart terminal communicatively connected with the processor, and the charging instruction on the smart terminal Generated when the preset charging button is triggered.
  • the smart terminal may be a mobile terminal such as a smart phone, a PAD, or a wearable device, or may be a fixed computer device.
  • the preset charging button refers to a physical button or a virtual button on the smart terminal, which can be triggered by pressing or sliding.
  • the charging instruction can be issued by the user at any time by triggering the preset charging button on the smart terminal. At this time, the robot 100 can be manually controlled to perform automatic recharging at any time.
  • the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instructions:
  • the location area may refer to a certain area on the world map centered on the coordinate point of the charging pile 200 of the charging pile 200 and radiates outward.
  • the circular area with a preset radius may also refer to a rectangular area or an irregular area with the coordinate point of the charging post 200 as the geometric center.
  • S102 control the robot 100 to drive to the location area, and identify the charging pile 200 through the induction sensor 2; that is, during the movement of the robot 100, the real-time movement coordinates of the robot 100 will also be mapped to the world map correspondingly , when the real-time movement coordinates fall within the range of the location area, the charging pile 200 can be scanned and identified by the induction sensor 2 at this time.
  • the charging pile 200 when the charging pile 200 is recognized, acquire the pose information of the charging pile 200, and determine a preset anchor point position according to the pose information; that is, when the inductive sensor 2 recognizes the charging pile 200
  • the pose information of the charging pile 200 can be determined through the sensing data corresponding to the charging pile 200 identified by the inductive sensor 2, and then the preset anchor point position can be determined according to the pose information. Understandably, since the coordinate point of the charging pile 200 has been determined, after the pose information of the charging pile 200 is determined, the anchor point coordinate point of the preset anchor point position in the world map can also be determined accordingly, and then, The robot 100 is controlled to travel to the preset anchor point position.
  • the robot 100 can plan its movement path in the world map according to the current location point of the robot 100 and the anchor point coordinate point, and then control the robot 100 to follow the above movement path form to the predetermined position. Set the anchor position.
  • the identification of the charging pile 200 through the inductive sensor 2 includes:
  • the preset morphological features of the charging pile 200 are obtained; wherein, the preset morphological features characterize the characteristics of the charging pile 200 such as shape and size, and the charging pile 200 can be identified through the preset morphological features.
  • the preset morphological features are pre-stored in the memory and can be recalled at any time.
  • the inductive sensor 2 can be the laser radar 21 shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the robot can continue to move in the location area (until it is confirmed that the charging pile 200 is identified, the movement can be suspended; or when the charging pile 200 has not been recognized within a preset period of time, it can prompt identification fail and suspend the movement), and then detect in real time through the inductive sensor 2 during the movement to obtain the first characteristic data.
  • the first characteristic data may include the relevant characteristic data of the charging pile 200, or may not include, Therefore, it is necessary to compare and match the detected first feature data with the preset morphological feature, and then determine whether the inductive sensor 2 has recognized the charging pile 200 according to the comparison and matching result.
  • the matching degree between the first feature data and the preset morphological features is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold
  • the first preset threshold is set according to requirements, for example, it can be set to any value between 60% and 100%
  • the matching degree between the first feature data and the preset morphological feature is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the result of comparison and matching is that the inductive sensor 2 has detected and identified the charging pile 200.
  • the matching degree between the first feature data and the preset morphological feature when the matching degree between the first feature data and the preset morphological feature is less than the first preset threshold, continue to control the inductive sensor 2 to carry out the operation in the position area. Real-time detection to continue to acquire the first characteristic data within the detection range 300 of the inductive sensor 2 . Understandably, when the matching degree between the first feature data and the preset morphological features is less than the first preset threshold, it means that the result of the comparison and matching is that the induction sensor 2 has not detected and identified the charging pile 200, and the process will continue at this time.
  • the inductive sensor 2 is controlled to perform real-time detection in the location area to continuously acquire different first feature data until the charging pile 200 is identified, and then enters step S103 for the next step.
  • the robot 100 controlling the robot 100 to rotate in a preset rotation direction, so as to rotate the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200 on the second side 4; wherein, the preset rotation direction can be set according to requirements, and the preset rotation The direction can be one of counterclockwise or clockwise. Understandably, in this step, if the first side 3 of the robot 100 is already aligned with the charging pile 200 when the robot 100 travels to the preset anchor point position, the robot 100 can be directly controlled to rotate at the preset position. direction to rotate the robot 100 so that the second side 4 is aligned with the charging post 200 .
  • the robot 100 travels to the preset anchor point position, the first side 3 of the robot 100 is not yet aligned with the charging pile 200.
  • the robot 100 is controlled to Rotating in a preset rotation direction, so as to rotate the robot 100 until the second side 4 is aligned with the charging pile 200, when the processor executes the computer readable instructions, it also realizes adjusting the first side 3 of the robot 100 to be aligned with the charging pile 200; wherein, the adjusting the first side 3 of the robot 100 to be aligned with the charging pile 200 specifically includes:
  • the processor can directly acquire the first pose of the robot 100 corresponding to that moment.
  • a first adjustment angle and a second adjustment angle are determined according to the first pose, the first adjustment angle refers to the rotation angle corresponding to the clockwise rotation of the robot 100 until the first side 3 is aligned with the charging pile 200
  • the second adjustment angle refers to the rotation angle corresponding to the counterclockwise rotation of the robot 100 until the first side 3 is aligned with the charging pile 200 ;
  • the robot 100 is controlled to rotate counterclockwise until the first side 3 is aligned with the charging post 200 .
  • the robot 100 according to the first pose when the robot 100 arrives at the preset anchor point position, it can be determined that when the robot 100 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, the first side 3 is rotated to be in line with the charging pile. 200 are aligned with the corresponding first adjustment angle and second adjustment angle, and then the rotation direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) corresponding to the smaller value of the first adjustment angle and the second adjustment angle is used as the rotation direction of the robot 100 to the second The direction of rotation used when the side 4 is aligned with the charging pile 200.
  • the robot 100 rotates to the second side 4
  • the rotation direction used when aligning with the charging pile 200 is preset to be clockwise, but in other embodiments of the present application, when the first adjustment angle is less than or equal to the second adjustment angle, the robot 100 rotates to the second adjustment angle.
  • the rotation direction adopted when the two sides 4 are aligned with the charging pile 200 may also be counterclockwise.
  • the robot 100 after detecting that the charging electrode 1 is in matching contact with the charging pile 200, control the robot 100 to stop moving and perform a charging operation. That is, if the robot 100 detects that the charging electrode 1 is in matching contact with the charging pile 200 through the processor, the robot 100 first needs to stop moving, and after generating a contact signal, complete the charging operation according to the contact signal. Specifically, the robot 100 The charging start command can be sent directly to the charging pile 200, at this time, the charging pile 200 will be powered on with the robot 100 and start the charging operation; in another optional embodiment, the charging pile 200 can also detect that the charging electrode 1 and the The charging pile 200 is matched and contacted, and a contact signal is sent to the robot 100.
  • the robot 100 can confirm that the charging electrode 1 is matched and contacted with the charging pile 200 according to the received contact signal, and then stop moving, and then send a charging start command to the charging pile 200, At this time, the charging pile 200 will be powered on with the robot 100 and start the charging operation.
  • the structure is simple and the cost is saved; moreover, the embodiment of the present application also solves the problem of crowded installation space when the inductive sensor 2 and the charging electrode 1 are arranged on the same side, and the gap between the charging electrode 1 and the sensor is There will be no mutual interference between them, which improves the detection accuracy.
  • the inductive sensor 2 includes a laser radar communicated with the processor; the step S20, that is, the control of the robot 100 to rotate in a preset rotation direction, To rotate the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200 on the second side 4, including:
  • the induction sensor 2 includes the lidar 21 shown in FIG. 6 , within the detection range 300 of the lidar 21 (that is, within the range of the laser opening angle, in an optional embodiment, the laser opening angle can be preferably 180-230 degrees, further, the laser opening angle is 230 degrees), the laser radar 21 will continue to detect the charging pile 200 At this time, since the lidar 21 installed on the first side 3 is aligned with the charging pile 200 when the rotation starts, the charging pile 200 must be within the laser opening angle range of the lidar 21 as shown in FIG.
  • Sensing data determining the corresponding critical time point between the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21 and the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21 as shown in FIG. 10 , and determining the critical time point as the detected The time point when the charging pile 200 exceeds the detection range 300 of the lidar 21 . And, the current pose of the robot 100 corresponding to the critical time point will be recorded as the starting pose of the mileage.
  • the rotation positioning angle refers to the rotation angle corresponding to the rotation of the robot 100 from the starting position of the mileage to the second side 4 aligned with the charging pile 200; that is, when it is detected that the charging pile 200 exceeds the lidar 21
  • the detection range 300 starts at a critical time point, and the rotation positioning angle required to continue rotating from the critical time point until the second side 4 is aligned with the charging pile 200 will be further determined according to the sensing data.
  • the odometer can be used to record the mileage rotation angle of the robot 100 from the mileage starting position pose, and then guide the robot 100 to rotate within the above-mentioned rotation positioning angle according to the mileage rotation angle, and finally realize the robot 100 rotating to The second side 4 is aligned with the charging post 200 .
  • the sensing data detected by the laser radar 21 guides the rotation of the robot 100 (the charging pile 200 is completely within the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21 of the robot 100), and After a critical time point (at least a part of the charging post 200 is no longer within the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21 of the robot 100 ), the robot 100 is guided by the odometer to continuously rotate to align with the charging post 200 on the second side 4 .
  • Theta (last) is 65° at this time; understandably, in When the robot 100 does not take the centerline of the chassis 5 of the robot 100 as the axis of rotation (the axis of rotation has a certain range of offset during the rotation process), Theta (last) can also be regarded as about 65°; and if the axis of rotation is offset If it is too large, Theta(last) can also be calculated according to the laser opening angle of the laser radar 21, the rotation radius of the laser radar, etc., and will not be repeated here.
  • the inductive sensor 2 (such as the laser radar 21), as one of the necessary components for the robot 100 to detect obstacles, originally needs to continue the detection work and detect the sensing data (to determine whether the obstacle is exist and perform obstacle avoidance and other processing), therefore, use the laser radar 21 to detect the rotation process of the charging pile 200 before the critical time point, and use the sensing data obtained by the detection to determine the rotation positioning angle, reducing the use of the odometer.
  • the angle guidance for the rotation of the robot 100 as a standard can save resources and reduce costs.
  • step S201 that is, detecting the charging pile 200 in real time through the inductive sensor 2 and acquiring the inductive data, includes:
  • the second feature data is detected in real time within the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21; wherein, the second feature The data refers to the sensing data detected in real time by the lidar 21 within its detection range 300 .
  • the laser radar 21 installed on the first side 3 is aligned with the charging pile 200. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the charging pile 200 must be within the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21.
  • the matching degree between the feature data and the preset morphological features will be greater than or equal to the second preset threshold; and with the continuous rotation of the robot 100, a part of the charging pile 200 will start to exceed the above detection range at a certain moment 300.
  • the degree of matching between the second feature data and the preset morphological feature will gradually change from greater than or equal to the second preset threshold to less than the second preset threshold; wherein, the second preset threshold can be based on requirements Setting
  • the first preset threshold mentioned above is a preset value used to identify the charging pile 200
  • the second preset threshold is used to identify whether a part of the charging pile 200 begins to exceed the above-mentioned detection
  • the second preset threshold must be greater than the first preset threshold.
  • the second preset threshold can be set to one of values between 95% and 100%.
  • the preset morphological features characterize features such as the shape and size of the charging pile 200 , and the charging pile 200 can be identified through the preset morphological features.
  • the preset morphological features are pre-stored in the memory and can be recalled at any time.
  • the inductive sensor 2 can be the laser radar 21 shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the matching degree between the second feature data and the preset morphological feature is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, it is confirmed that the charging pile 200 does not exceed the detection range 300 of the lidar 21; understandable Specifically, when the matching degree between the second feature data and the preset morphological feature is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, it means that the charging pile 200 has not started to exceed the detection range 300 of the lidar 21 , at this time, it is enough to continue to detect the second feature data in real time within the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21 until the charging pile 200 starts to exceed the detection range 300 of the laser radar 21, then enter step S202, according to the The sensing data determines the rotational positioning angle.
  • the matching degree between the second feature data and the preset morphological feature is less than the second preset threshold, it is confirmed that the charging post 200 is beyond the detection range 300 of the lidar 21 . Understandably, when the matching degree between the second feature data and the preset morphological feature is less than a second preset threshold, it means that the charging pile 200 begins to exceed the detection range 300 of the lidar 21 , which means , it will enter step S202, and determine the rotation positioning angle according to the sensing data.
  • the determining the rotation positioning angle according to the sensing data includes:
  • the target rotation angle refers to the angle that the robot 100 needs to turn when it rotates to the above critical time point in an ideal state.
  • the initial pose of the robot 100 (the corresponding pose when the first side 3 of the robot 100 is aligned with the charging post 200 ), that is, the first estimated rotation angle of the robot 100 can be determined.
  • the first estimated rotation angle is determined as a rotation positioning angle. That is, the first deviation angle may refer to a difference between the first estimated rotation angle and the target rotation angle.
  • the first deviation angle between the first estimated rotation angle and the target rotation angle is within the preset deviation range (preset according to requirements) it means that the robot 100 is rotating in an ideal state or can be regarded as in an ideal state
  • the first estimated rotation angle can be determined as the rotation positioning angle, and then the next rotation process guided by the odometer is performed according to the rotation positioning angle.
  • the order of determining the target rotation angle and the first estimated rotation angle is not limited, that is, the target rotation angle or the first estimated rotation angle may be determined first, or both may be obtained simultaneously.
  • the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instructions:
  • the rotation axis If the offset is too large, you can first adjust the current pose of the robot 100 to the target pose according to the above-mentioned first deviation angle.
  • the target pose of the robot 100 to be adjusted includes the following characteristics:
  • the center line of the chassis 5 in the posture is located in the direction pointed to by the front of the charging pile 200 (or the offset from this direction is within the preset axis offset range), and the robot 100 starts from the initial posture (robot 100
  • the rotation angle when starting to rotate to the target position that is, the second estimated rotation angle that will be determined as the rotation positioning angle
  • the deviation value between the angles is within the preset deviation range.
  • the inductive sensor 2 further includes an odometer communicated with the processor; in the step S203, the real-time acquisition of the robot 100 starts to rotate from the mileage starting position
  • the mileage rotation angle including:
  • the first mileage data of the robot 100 rotating from the mileage starting pose is obtained in real time by the odometer, and the mileage rotation angle of the robot 100 is determined according to the first mileage data. That is to say, in this embodiment, the first mileage data includes the movement mileage trajectory during its rotation detected by the odometer, such as velocity, acceleration and displacement, etc.; 100 mileage rotation angle.
  • the inductive sensor 2 includes an odometer communicated with the processor; in the step S20, the robot 100 is controlled to rotate in a preset rotation direction, so as to rotate the robot 100 To the second side 4 aligned with the charging pile 200, including:
  • the second mileage data in the rotation process of the robot 100 is obtained in real time by the odometer, and the real-time rotation angle of the robot 100 is determined according to the second mileage data; that is, in this embodiment, the second mileage
  • the data includes the mileage trajectory detected by the odometer during its rotation, such as velocity, acceleration and displacement; furthermore, the real-time rotation angle of the robot 100 can be determined according to the second mileage data.
  • the preset angle threshold can be set according to requirements, and it can refer to the rotation angle corresponding to the rotation of the robot 100 from the first side 3 and the charging pile 200 to the second side 4 and the charging pile 200 in an ideal state, such as 180 Spend. Understandably, when the real-time rotation angle is less than the preset angle threshold, it means that the robot 100 has not rotated to the point where the second side 4 is aligned with the charging post 200 , and the robot 100 will continue to rotate at this time. In the above embodiment, during the whole rotation process of the robot 100 , only the odometer is used to guide the continuous rotation of the robot 100 until it is confirmed that the second side 4 of the robot 100 is aligned with the charging post 200 .
  • step S30 after the robot 100 is controlled to stop rotating and go straight backward, the processor further implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instructions:
  • the backward distance threshold is greater than or equal to the preset distance; wherein, the retreat distance threshold can be set to be greater than the preset distance (the distance between the preset anchor point position and the charging pile 200) and the distance between the preset distance and the preset distance.
  • the difference is a distance value within a certain range, so as to avoid the movement deviation within the controllable range during the rotation or straight backward movement, the robot 100 can also go straight backward normally and finally realize the matching of the charging electrode 1 with the charging pile 200 touch.
  • the contact signal will be generated when the charging electrode 1 is in matching contact with the charging pile 200, that is, if the robot 100 detects that the charging electrode 1 is in matching contact with the charging pile 200 through the processor, then a contact signal will be generated; in another optional
  • the charging post 200 may also detect that the charging electrode 1 is in contact with the charging post 200, and send a contact signal to the robot 100, and the robot 100 may confirm that the charging electrode 1 is in contact with the charging post 200 according to the received contact signal. 200 matching contacts.
  • the backward distance is not greater than the backward distance threshold , indicating that the robot 100 has not yet moved to the location of the charging pile 200, so it will continue to control the robot 100 to go straight backward, and at this time, it can also indicate that charging has not yet started.
  • the processor also implements the following steps when executing the computer-readable instructions:
  • the robot 100 When the backward distance is greater than the backward distance threshold, if the contact signal between the charging electrode 1 and the charging post 200 has not been detected, the robot 100 is controlled to stop moving and a charging failure is prompted. That is, when the backward distance is greater than the backward distance threshold, it means that the robot 100 has gone straight backward enough to reach the charging pile 200 in an ideal state (after the robot 100 rotates, the second side 4 is aligned with the front of the charging pile 200 ). Therefore, the contact signal between the charging electrode 1 and the charging pile 200 has not been detected at this time, indicating that the robot 100 has an abnormal deviation during the rotation process or the straight backward process. Therefore, at this time, it is necessary to Control the robot 100 to stop moving and prompt charging failure. In an optional embodiment, the robot 100 can automatically generate a new charging instruction (or the user resends the charging instruction through the smart terminal after receiving the prompt of charging failure), and then enters step S10 again to perform automatic recharging again. .
  • a robot automatic recharging method is provided, the robot automatic recharging method is applied to the processor of the above-mentioned robot, as shown in Figure 2, the robot automatic recharging method includes the following steps:
  • the structure is simple and the cost is saved; moreover, the embodiment of the present application also solves the problem of crowded installation space when the inductive sensor 2 and the charging electrode 1 are arranged on the same side, and the gap between the charging electrode 1 and the sensor is There will be no mutual interference between them, which improves the detection accuracy.
  • the charging instruction before receiving the charging instruction, it includes:
  • the charging instruction is generated.
  • the receiving the charging instruction includes:
  • the identifying the charging pile 200 through the inductive sensor 2 includes:
  • the method for automatically recharging the robot before controlling the robot to rotate in a preset rotation direction, further includes adjusting the first side of the robot to align with the charging pile; wherein, the robot The adjustment of the first side to be aligned with the charging post specifically includes:
  • the first adjustment angle refers to the rotation corresponding to the clockwise rotation of the first side 3 of the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200 angle
  • the second adjustment angle refers to the rotation angle corresponding to the counterclockwise rotation of the first side 3 of the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200
  • the robot 100 is controlled to rotate counterclockwise until the first side 3 is aligned with the charging post 200 .
  • the inductive sensor 2 includes a laser radar 21;
  • the controlling the robot 100 to rotate in a preset rotation direction so as to rotate the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200 on the second side 4 includes:
  • the rotation positioning angle refers to the rotation angle corresponding to the rotation of the robot 100 from the initial posture of the mileage to the second side 4 aligned with the charging pile 200;
  • the real-time detection of the charging pile 200 by the laser radar 21 and the acquisition of sensing data include:
  • the determining the rotation positioning angle according to the sensing data includes:
  • the first estimated rotation angle is determined as a rotation positioning angle.
  • the automatic recharging method of the robot also includes:
  • the inductive sensor 2 also includes an odometer; the real-time acquisition of the mileage rotation angle of the robot 100 starting from the mileage starting pose includes:
  • the first mileage data of the robot 100 rotating from the mileage starting pose is acquired in real time by the odometer, and the mileage rotation angle of the robot 100 is determined according to the first mileage data.
  • the inductive sensor 2 includes an odometer; the controlling the robot 100 to rotate in a preset rotation direction so as to rotate the robot 100 to align with the charging pile 200 on the second side 4 includes :
  • the real-time acquisition of the backward travel distance of the robot 100 going straight backward it also includes:
  • the robot 100 When the backward distance is greater than the backward distance threshold, if the contact signal between the charging electrode 1 and the charging post 200 has not been detected, the robot 100 is controlled to stop moving and a charging failure is prompted.
  • the above-mentioned robot 100 also includes a housing.
  • Components in the robot such as a processor, a memory, and an odometer, are arranged inside the housing of the robot 100 to achieve the purpose of protecting it.
  • the inductive sensor 2 can be arranged on the casing, so as to timely detect information such as obstacles and the charging pile 200 .
  • a control device comprising: a memory, a processor, and computer-readable instructions stored on the memory and operable on the processor; the computer-readable instructions are processed by the When the controller is executed, the above-mentioned automatic recharging method of the robot is realized.
  • the control device may be a server.
  • the control device may include a processor, a memory, a network interface and a database connected through a system bus.
  • the processor of the control unit is used to provide computing and control capabilities.
  • the memory of the control device includes a readable storage medium and an internal memory.
  • the readable storage medium stores an operating system, computer readable instructions and a database, and the readable storage medium includes a volatile storage medium and a nonvolatile storage medium.
  • the internal memory provides an environment for the execution of the operating system and computer readable instructions in the readable storage medium.
  • the network interface of the control device is used to communicate with external terminals via a network connection.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which computer-readable instructions are stored, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the method for automatic recharging of the robot in the above-mentioned embodiments is implemented.
  • Nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory.
  • RAM is available in many forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Chain Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.
  • SRAM Static RAM
  • DRAM Dynamic RAM
  • SDRAM Synchronous DRAM
  • DDRSDRAM Double Data Rate SDRAM
  • ESDRAM Enhanced SDRAM
  • SLDRAM Synchronous Chain Synchlink DRAM
  • Rambus direct RAM
  • DRAM direct memory bus dynamic RAM
  • RDRAM memory bus dynamic RAM

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Abstract

一种机器人(100)及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质,机器人(100)包括设置在机器人(100)的第一侧(3)的感应传感器(2)和设置在机器人(100)的第二侧(4)的充电电极(1);第一侧(3)与第二侧(4)相对设置;机器人(100)自动回充方法包括:接收充电指令,控制机器人(100)行驶至预设锚点位置;预设锚点位置位于充电桩(200)的前方预设距离(S10);控制机器人(100)以预设旋转方向旋转(S20),以将机器人(100)旋转到第二侧(4)与充电桩(200)对齐;在通过感应传感器(2)检测到机器人(100)旋转到第二侧(4)与充电桩(200)对齐时,控制机器人(100)停止旋转并向后直行(S30);在检测到充电电极(1)与充电桩(200)匹配接触之后,控制机器人(100)停止运动并执行充电操作(S40)。

Description

机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质
本申请要求于2021年07月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110873494.4、申请名称为“机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及机器人技术领域,尤其涉及一种机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展,机器人越来越广泛地应用于各个领域中,在机器人的移动过程中,需要使用传感器探测障碍物等以进行自动避障,同时,机器人都拥有自动回充(自动回到充电桩所在位置并通过该充电桩完成充电)的需求,也即,需要将充电电极准确贴合对接在充电桩上以完成充电。传统技术中,通常将感应器和充电电极同时设置在机器人的前侧,如此,在机器人完成充电时,机器人需要后退以脱离与充电桩的连接,此时,感应器无法对机器人的后退过程进行探测,极有可能在后退时与障碍物或人员发生撞击,甚至可能发生安全事故。传统技术中也存在通过在机器人的后侧再加装传感器,例如激光雷达,以探测后退过程的方案,但该方案将会增加机器人成本,且增加机器人体积,并使得机器人结构更为复杂。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例,本申请实施例提供一种机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质。
一种机器人,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令,所述机器人还包括均与所述处理器通信连接的感应传感器和充电电极;所述感应传感器设置在机器人的第一侧,所述充电电极设置在所述机器人的第二侧,所述第一侧与所述第二侧相对设置;所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时实现如下步骤:
接收充电指令,控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方预设距离处;
控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转;
在通过所述感应传感器检测到所述机器人旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐时,控制所述机器人停止旋转并向后直行;
在检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人停止运动并执行充电操作。
一种机器人自动回充方法,包括:
接收充电指令,控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方预设距离处;
控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转;所述机器人包括设置在机器人的第一侧的感应传感器和设置在所述机器人的第二侧的充电电极;所述第一侧与所述第二侧相对设置;
在通过所述感应传感器检测到所述机器人旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐时,控制所述机器人停止旋转并向后直行;
在检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人停止运动并执行充电操作。
一种控制装置,包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令;所述计算机可读指令被所述处理器执行时实现上述机器人自动回充方法。
一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可读指令,所述计算机可读指令被处理器执行时实现上述机器人自动回充方法。
一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序,所述计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令,所述计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中;计算机设备的处理器从所述计算机可读存储介质读取并执行所述计算机指令时,使得所述计算机设备执行上述机器人自动回充方法。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他实施例的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例中机器人的示意图;
图2是本申请一实施例中机器人自动回充方法的流程图。
图3是本申请一实施例中机器人自动回充方法的步骤S10的流程图。
图4是本申请一实施例中机器人自动回充方法的步骤S20的流程图。
图5是本申请一实施例中机器人自动回充方法的步骤S30的流程图。
图6是本申请一实施例提供的机器人的结构示意图。
图7是本申请一实施例提供的机器人的第一侧和第二侧的示意图。
图8是本申请另一实施例提供的机器人的第一侧和第二侧的示意图。
图9是本申请一实施例中机器人第一侧与充电桩对齐时的示意图。
图10是本申请一实施例中机器人处于里程起始位姿时的示意图。
说明书中的附图标记如下:
1、充电电极;2、感应传感器;21、激光雷达;3、第一侧;4、第二侧;5、底盘;6、机器人本体;100、机器人;200、充电桩;300、探测范围;F、充电桩的前方。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请,下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳实施例。但是,本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
在一个实施例中,提供了一种机器人,该机器人的结构图可以如图1和图6所示。该机器人包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、存储器、网络接口和数据库。其中,该机器人的处理器用于提供计算和控制能力。该机器人的存储器包括可读存储介质、内存储器。该可读存储介质存储有操作系统、计算机可读指令和数据库。该内存储器为可读存储介质中的操作系统和计算机可读指令的运行提供环境。该机器人的数据库用于存储与其对应的机器 人自动回充方法所使用到的数据。该机器人的网络接口用于与外部的终端通过网络连接通信。该计算机可读指令被处理器执行时以实现一种机器人自动回充方法。本实施例所提供的可读存储介质包括非易失性可读存储介质和易失性可读存储介质。在一可选实施例中,机器人还可以包括输入装置以及显示屏,该输入装置用于接收其它设备发送的信号、文本等;该显示屏可以用于显示机器人100的运动信息等。
在一实施例中,如图1所示,提供一种机器人,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令,如图6所示,所述机器人还包括均与所述处理器通信连接的感应传感器2和充电电极1;所述感应传感器2设置在机器人100的第一侧3,所述充电电极1设置在所述机器人100的第二侧4,所述第一侧3与所述第二侧4相对设置;其中,所述感应传感器2设置在机器人100底盘5上的第一侧3(进一步地,所述第一侧3为所述机器人100的前侧,所述第二侧4为机器人100的后侧),可以用于检测位于机器人100第一侧3的障碍物,为三维避障功能服务,进而有效保护机器人100,以避免与障碍物发生碰撞。在一实施例中,所述感应传感器2包括激光雷达,通过激光雷达可以探测得到障碍物等的位姿数据等,进而可以根据探测到的数据进行定位或指导机器人100避开障碍物。在其他实施例中,感应传感器2还可以包括其他例如RGBD摄像头(深度图像摄像头)、里程计、单目相机、双目相机或者多目相机等,即感应传感器2可以根据实际需求至少包括上述列出的至少一种,进而使得机器人100可以根据感应传感器2采集到的信息进行定位或确定并避开障碍物等。
在可选实施例中,充电电极1包括两条间隔设置在机器人100底盘5上的子电极,子电极沿机器人100的底盘5的外侧表面设置。充电电极1的设置形式亦可以根据需求设定为其他形式,只要可以实现与充电桩200匹配接触之后实现对机器人100充电即可。可理解地,第一侧3和第二侧4是设置在同一个机器人100的相对的外侧表面上的两个可以分别用于设置感应传感器2和安装充电电极1的两个结构位置范围。在一具体的实施例中,所述机器人100还包括底盘5以及设置在所述底盘5上的机器人本体6,所述感应传感器2和所述充电电极1均安装在所述底盘5上。其中,机器人本体6和底盘5的连接方式可以根据需求设定,比如卡接、螺钉连接或焊接等均可,只要能实现两者的稳定连接即可。具体地,由于感应传感器2和所述充电电极1均安装在所述底盘5上,且底盘5的形状可以根据需求设定,比如,底盘5可以为四棱柱,此时,第一侧3和第二侧4可以是指四棱柱底盘5上的两个相对的侧面;而在底盘5为圆柱体或者椭圆柱体时,第一侧3和第二侧4应当为底盘5的外侧表面上的两个相对设置的一定面积的曲面(其中,曲面的面积可以根据需求设定,且两个相对的曲面的面积可以相同或者不相同,但是曲面中可以安装下感应传感器2或充电电极1),进一步地,两个曲面的几何中线点可以以底盘5的中心线为对称轴对称设置。
在可选实施例中,底盘5或机器人100为类圆形柱体时(即横截面由不定数量的弧线组成或由不定数量的弧线和不定数量的直线组成的图形),第一侧33和第二侧4相对设置可以是指第一侧3和第二侧4分别存在一条线以底盘5中与高度平行的中心线对称设置,且第一侧3和第二侧4不相连。如图7中所示,底盘5为椭圆柱体,此时,第一侧3包括图7中所示的弧形线段,第二侧4包括图7中所示的弧形线段,且充电电极1安装在第二侧4上,感应传感器2设置在第一侧3上。如图8中所示,底盘5为圆柱体,此时,第一侧3包括图8中所示的圆弧线段,第二侧4包括图8中所示的圆弧线段,且充电电极1安装在第二侧4上,感应传感器2设置在第一侧3上。
如图2所示,所述机器人的处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时实现如下步骤:
S10,接收充电指令,控制机器人100行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方F预设距离(其中,预设距离可以根据需求设定,感应传感器2的探测范围300应大于该预设距离)处;在本申请的实施例中,机器人100移动至充电电极1与充电桩200匹配接触时,可以实现对机器人100进行充电操作,而在充电结束之后,机器人100需要后 退以使得充电电极1与充电桩200脱离。可理解地,充电桩200可以设置在一个固定的安装位置,预设锚点位置可以是指设置在与该安装位置之间相隔预设距离且位于充电桩200的正前方的位置点,但由于充电电极1的子电极呈长条状且沿机器人100的底盘5的外侧表面延伸,因此,预设锚点位置亦可以并不位于充电桩200的正前方,其与正前方的位置点存在一定偏移角度(但是还是需要保证预设锚点位置与该安装位置之间相隔预设距离),亦可通过本申请中的机器人自动回充方法该使得充电电极1最终与充电桩200的匹配接触,以最终实现充电操作。
在一可选实施例中,所述步骤S10中,所述接收充电指令之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
实时检测所述机器人100的电池电量;在该实施例中,处理器会实时检测机器人100的电池电量,并将实时测得的电池电量与预设电量阈值进行比对,在电池电量大于或等于预设电量阈值时,说明当前并不存在必要的充电需求,此时将会继续实时检测电池电量。其中,预设电量阈值可以由用户根据需求进行设定,其亦可以为默认值,在电池电量低于该预设电量阈值时代表机器人100当前存在充电需求,此时需要对机器人100的电池进行充电。
在所述电池电量低于预设电量阈值时,生成所述充电指令。也即,在机器人100的电池电量低于预设电量阈值时,代表机器人100当前存在充电需求,此时需要对机器人100的电池进行充电,因此,处理器将生成充电指令,进而根据该充电指令进入步骤S10,获取预设锚点位置的位置坐标,并控制机器人100行驶至预设锚点位置。在本实施例中,充电指令根据实时测得的电池电量自动生成,无需人工进行操作,实现了机器人100的自动化和智能化。
在另一可选实施例中,所述步骤S10中,所述接收充电指令,包括:接收与所述处理器通信连接的智能终端发送的充电指令,所述充电指令在所述智能终端上的预设充电按键被触发时生成。其中,智能终端可以为智能手机、PAD、可穿戴设备等可以移动终端,亦可以为固定设置的计算机设备等均可。预设充电按键是指智能终端上的实体按键或虚拟按键,其可以通过按压、滑动等方式进行触发。在本实施例中,充电指令可以由用户随时通过在智能终端上触发预设充电按键发出,此时,可以实现随时手动控制机器人100执行自动回充。
在一实施例中,如图3所示,所述步骤S10中,在控制机器人100行驶至预设锚点位置之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
S101,获取所述充电桩200在所述机器人100所处的世界地图中的位置区域;其中,在所述机器人100所处的世界地图中,可以确定与所述机器人100适配的充电桩200;并且,存储器中存储有与机器人100的可移动环境所对应的世界地图,充电桩200的安装位置在世界地图中将会对应一个充电桩200坐标点,在该步骤中,可以直接从世界地图中确定该充电桩200坐标点。而所述位置区域可以是指在世界地图上以充电桩200的充电桩200坐标点为中心向外辐射的一定区域范围,比如,该位置区域可以是指以充电桩200坐标点为圆心且具有预设半径的圆形区域,亦可以是指以充电桩200坐标点为几何中心的矩形区域或者不规则区域均可。
S102,控制所述机器人100行驶至所述位置区域中,通过感应传感器2识别所述充电桩200;也即,在机器人100的移动过程中,机器人100的实时移动坐标也将对应映射至世界地图中,在该实时移动坐标落入上述位置区域的范围内时,此时可以通过上述感应传感器2扫描识别充电桩200。
S103,在识别到所述充电桩200时,获取所述充电桩200的位姿信息,并根据所述位姿信息确定预设锚点位置;也即,在感应传感器2识别到充电桩200时,可以通过感应传感器2识别到的充电桩200所对应的感应数据确定充电桩200的位姿信息,进而根据该位 姿信息确定预设锚点位置。可理解地,由于充电桩200坐标点已经确定,因此,在确定充电桩200的位姿信息之后,预设锚点位置在世界地图中的锚点坐标点亦可以随之确定,之后,即可控制所述机器人100行驶至所述预设锚点位置。也即,在世界地图中确定锚点坐标点之后,即可以根据机器人100当前位置点以及锚点坐标点,规划机器人100在世界地图中的移动路径,进而控制机器人100沿上述移动路径形式至预设锚点位置。
进一步地,所述步骤S102中,所述通过感应传感器2识别所述充电桩200,包括:
获取所述充电桩200的预设形态特征;其中,预设形态特征表征了充电桩200的形状、大小等特征,通过预设形态特征可以识别充电桩200。预设形态特征是预先存储在存储器中,可供随时调取。在该实施例中,感应传感器2可以为图6中所示的激光雷达21。
控制所述感应传感器2在所述位置区域中进行实时探测,以获取所述感应传感器2的探测范围300内的第一特征数据;其中,第一特征数据是指感应传感器2在其探测范围300内实时探测到的感应数据。在该步骤中,机器人可以在位置区域中持续移动(直至确认识别到所述充电桩200时,可以暂停移动;亦可以在预设时间段内一直并未识别到该充电桩200时,提示识别失败并暂停移动),进而在移动过程中通过感应传感器2实时探测以得到第一特征数据,可理解地,第一特征数据中可能会包含充电桩200的相关特征数据,亦可能并不包含,因此,需要将探测得到的第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征进行对比匹配,进而根据对比匹配结果确定感应传感器2是否已经识别到充电桩200。
可理解地,在一实施例中,在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第一预设阈值时,确认识别到所述充电桩200;也即,第一预设阈值根据需求设定,比如,可以设定为60%~100%之间的任何数值;可理解地,在第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第一预设阈值时,说明对比匹配结果是感应传感器2已经探测识别到充电桩200,此时可以进入步骤S103中,进一步获取所述充电桩200的位姿信息,并根据所述位姿信息确定预设锚点位置。
在另一实施例中,在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第一预设阈值时,继续控制所述感应传感器2在所述位置区域中进行实时探测,以继续获取所述感应传感器2的探测范围300内的第一特征数据。可理解地,在第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于第一预设阈值时,说明对比匹配结果是感应传感器2并未探测识别到充电桩200,此时将继续控制感应传感器2在所述位置区域中进行实时探测以持续获取不同的第一特征数据,直至识别到充电桩200之后,进入步骤S103中进行下一步操作。
S20,控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐;其中,该预设旋转方向可以根据需求设定,预设旋转方向可以是逆时针或者顺时针中的一种。可理解地,在该步骤中,若在机器人100行驶到预设锚点位置时,机器人100第一侧3已经与所述充电桩200对齐,此时即可直接开始控制机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。
而在在机器人100行驶到预设锚点位置时,机器人100第一侧3尚未与所述充电桩200对齐,此时,进一步地,所述步骤S20中,在所述控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现将机器人100的第一侧3调整至与所述充电桩200对齐;其中,所述将机器人100的第一侧3调整至与所述充电桩200对齐,具体包括:
获取机器人100抵达所述预设锚点位置时的第一位姿;在本申请的实施例中,存储器中存储有与机器人100的可移动环境所对应的世界地图,且在机器人100的行走过程中,可以通过机器人100上安装的传感器(可以为上述感应传感器2,亦可以为其他传感器)采集得到的感应数据以及该世界地图,确定机器人100的实时位姿,因此,在机器人100抵达预设锚点位置时,处理器可以直接获取该时刻所对应的机器人100的第一位姿。
根据所述第一位姿确定第一调整角度和第二调整角度,所述第一调整角度是指所述机器人100顺时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐所对应的旋转角度;所述第二调整角度是指所述机器人100逆时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐所对应的旋转角度;
在所述第一调整角度小于或等于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人100以顺时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐;
在所述第一调整角度大于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人100以逆时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐。
在该实施例中,可以根据机器人100抵达所述预设锚点位置时的第一位姿,确定机器人100分别在顺时针方向和逆时针方向旋转时,将第一侧3旋转至与充电桩200对齐时各自对应的第一调整角度和第二调整角度,进而将第一调整角度和第二调整角度中的较小值对应的旋转方向(顺时针或逆时针)作为机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时所采用的旋转方向,可理解地,在上述实施例中,在第一调整角度小于或等于所述第二调整角度时,机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时所采用的旋转方向预设为顺时针,但在本申请的其他实施例中,在第一调整角度小于或等于所述第二调整角度时,机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时所采用的旋转方向亦可以是逆时针。
S30,在通过所述感应传感器2检测到所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时,控制所述机器人100停止旋转并向后直行;也即,感应传感器2检测到所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时,说明机器人100只要向后直行而不发生偏转,即可直接后退至充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触,进而完成充电。
S40,在检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人100停止运动并执行充电操作。也即,若机器人100通过处理器检测到充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触,此时机器人100首先需要停止运动,进而生成接触信号之后,根据接触信号完成充电操作,具体地,机器人100可以直接向充电桩200发送充电开启指令,此时充电桩200将与机器人100之间通电并开启充电操作;在另一可选实施例中,亦可以是充电桩200检测到充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触,并向机器人100发送接触信号,机器人100可以根据接收到的接触信号确认充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触进而停止运动,之后向充电桩200发送充电开启指令,此时充电桩200将与机器人100之间通电并开启充电操作。
本申请实施例中,无需额外在机器人100上加装其他感应传感器2,仅需要通过分别设置在机器人100上相对的第一侧3和第二侧4的充电电极1和感应传感器2,即可实现机器人100的自动回充,同时还可以在机器人100通过充电电极1完成充电之后,使得机器人100朝向第一侧3直接前进以脱离与充电桩200的接触,从而避免与障碍物发生碰撞的有益效果,其结构简单,节省了成本;并且,本申请实施例还解决了将感应传感器2和充电电极1设置在同一侧时所带来的安装空间拥挤的问题,且充电电极1和感应器之间不会发生相互干涉,提升了检测精度。
在一实施例中,如图4所示,所述感应传感器2包括与所述处理器通信连接的激光雷达;所述步骤S20,也即所述控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐,包括:
S201,通过所述激光雷达实时探测所述充电桩200并获取感应数据;也即,在该实施例中,感应传感器2包括图6中所示的激光雷达21,在激光雷达21的探测范围300内(也即激光开角范围内,在一可选实施例中,激光开角可以优选为180~230度,进一步地,激光开角为230度),激光雷达21将会持续探测充电桩200的感应数据,此时,由于在开始旋转时,安装在第一侧3的激光雷达21与充电桩200对齐,因此,如图9所示,充电桩200必然处于激光雷达21的激光开角范围(也即探测范围300)内,而随着机器人100的 持续旋转,充电桩200在某一时刻将会开始有一部分超出上述激光开角范围,此时,可以根据激光雷达21所实时探测得到的感应数据,确定如图10中所示的将要超出激光雷达21的探测范围300和尚未超出激光雷达21的探测范围300之间所对应的临界时间点,并将该临界时间点确定为检测到所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300的时间点。并且,该临界时间点所对应的机器人100的当前位姿将被记录为里程起始位姿。
S202,在检测到所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300时,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,并将机器人100的当前位姿记录为里程起始位姿;所述旋转定位角度是指机器人100从所述里程起始位姿转动到第二侧4对齐所述充电桩200所对应的旋转角度;也即,在检测到所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300的临界时间点开始,将根据感应数据进一步确定从该临界时间点继续旋转到第二侧4对齐所述充电桩200时所需要持续旋转的旋转定位角度。
S203,实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,并在所述里程旋转角度达到所述旋转定位角度时,直至所述里程旋转角度达到所述旋转定位角度时,以确定所述机器人100已旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。也即,在该步骤中,可以通过里程计记录机器人100从里程起始位置位姿的里程旋转角度,进而根据该里程旋转角度指导机器人100在上述旋转定位角度内旋转,最终实现机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。
可理解地,在上述实施例中,在临界时间点之前,通过激光雷达21探测得到的感应数据指导机器人100的旋转(充电桩200完全处于机器人100的激光雷达21的探测范围300内),而在临界时间点之后(充电桩200至少有一部分不再处于机器人100的激光雷达21的探测范围300内),通过里程计指导机器人100持续旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。在整个旋转过程中,均可以通过激光雷达21或者里程计持续获取充电桩200相对于机器人100的位姿(x,y,theta),并通过下式计算充电桩200与机器人100正前方的夹角:Included_Angle=atan2(y,x)。当机器人100在旋转的过程中最后一帧检测到充电桩200时(也即在临界时间点),会记录此时充电桩200与机器人100正后方的夹角Theta(last),此时,若机器人100的激光雷达21的激光开角为230°,且机器人100旋转过程中保证以机器人100的底盘5中心线为旋转轴,可得此时Theta(last)为65°;可理解地,在机器人100并未以机器人100底盘5中心线为旋转轴(旋转过程中的旋转轴存在一定范围的偏移)时,Theta(last)也可以视为为65°左右;而若旋转轴的偏移过大时,也将可以根据激光雷达21的激光开角、激光雷达的旋转半径等计算出Theta(last),在此不再赘述。
可理解地,在该实施例中,感应传感器2(比如激光雷达21)作为机器人100探测障碍物的必要元器件之一,原本就需要持续进行探测工作并探测得到感应数据(以确定障碍物是否存在并进行避障等处理),因此,使用激光雷达21检测临界时间点之前的充电桩200的旋转过程,并通过其探测得到的感应数据再进行旋转定位角度的确定,减少了使用里程计来作为标准进行机器人100旋转的角度指引,可以节约资源,降低成本。
进一步地,所述步骤S201,也即所述通过感应传感器2实时探测所述充电桩200并获取感应数据,包括:
在所述机器人100以预设旋转方向(可以为逆时针或者顺时针的一种)旋转的过程中,在所述激光雷达21的探测范围300内实时探测第二特征数据;其中,第二特征数据是指激光雷达21在其探测范围300内实时探测到的感应数据。在机器人100开始旋转时,安装在第一侧3的激光雷达21与充电桩200对齐,因此,如图9所示,充电桩200必然处于激光雷达21的探测范围300内,此时,第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度将会大于或等于第二预设阈值;而随着机器人100的持续旋转,充电桩200在某一时刻将会开始有一部分超出上述探测范围300,此时,第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度 将由大于或等于第二预设阈值逐渐变为小于第二预设阈值;其中,第二预设阈值可以根据需求设定,可理解地,上文中提及的第一预设阈值是用于识别充电桩200的一个预设数值,而第二预设阈值是用于识别充电桩200是否开始有一部分超出上述探测范围300的识别,因此第二预设阈值必然大于第一预设阈值,进一步地,第二预设阈值可以设定为95%~100%中的其中一个数值。
获取所述充电桩的预设形态特征;其中,预设形态特征表征了充电桩200的形状、大小等特征,通过预设形态特征可以识别充电桩200。预设形态特征是预先存储在存储器中,可供随时调取。在该实施例中,感应传感器2可以为图6中所示的激光雷达21。
在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩200并未超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300;可理解地,在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第二预设阈值时,说明所述充电桩200并未开始超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300,此时,将继续在激光雷达21的探测范围300内实时探测第二特征数据即可,直至所述充电桩200开始超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300之后,进入步骤S202,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度。
在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300。可理解地,在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于第二预设阈值时,说明所述充电桩200开始超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300,此时,将进入步骤S202,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度。
在一可选实施例中,所述步骤S202中,所述根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,包括:
根据所述充电桩200的宽度、所述预设距离和所述激光雷达21的水平视角范围确定目标旋转角度;也即,目标旋转角度是指机器人100在理想状态下旋转(旋转过程中保持以机器人100的底盘5中心线为旋转轴),此时,可以根据充电桩200的宽度、所述预设距离和所述激光雷达21的水平视角范围(激光雷达21的水平视角范围即为激光雷达在图9和图10中所示的水平方向上的激光开角)确定目标旋转角度。目标旋转角度是指机器人100在理想状态下旋转到上述临界时间点时所需要转过的角度。
自所述感应数据中获取所述机器人100的当前位姿,根据所述当前位姿确定第一预估旋转角度;具体地,根据机器人100的当前位姿以及其在预设锚点位置开始旋转时的起始位姿(机器人100第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐时对应的位姿),即可以确定机器人100的第一预估旋转角度。
在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第一预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。也即,第一偏差角度可以是指第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的差值。在第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度在预设偏差范围内(根据需求预先设定)时,说明机器人100在理想状态下旋转或者可以视为在理想状态下旋转,此时,可以将所述第一预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度,进而根据该旋转定位角度进行下一步由里程计指引的旋转过程。在该实施例中,确定目标旋转角度以及第一预估旋转角度的顺序并不做限定,也即,先确定目标旋转角度或第一预估旋转角度均可,甚至同时获取两者亦可。
进一步地,在上述实施例中,确定目标旋转角度以及第一预估旋转角度之后,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度超出预设偏差范围时,根据所述第一偏差角度将所述机器人100的当前位姿调整至目标位姿;
在与所述目标位姿对应的第二预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第二偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第二预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
在该实施例中,在第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度超出预设偏差范围时,说明机器人100不能视为在理想状态下旋转,此时,旋转轴偏移过大,可以首先根据上述第一偏差角度调整机器人100的当前位姿至目标位姿,在本实施例中,所需要调整的机器人100的目标位姿包含以下特征:机器人100在目标位姿上时的底盘5中心线位于充电桩200的正前方所指向的方向上(或者与该方向之间的偏移在预设轴偏移范围内),且机器人100从起始位姿(机器人100第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐时对应的位姿)开始旋转到目标位置时的旋转角度(也即将被确定为旋转定位角度的第二预估旋转角度)与第一预估旋转角度之间的偏差值在预设偏差范围内。上述调整过程可以参照上述步骤S20及其相关过程,在此不再赘述。
在一可选实施例中,所述感应传感器2还包括与所述处理器通信连接的里程计;所述步骤S203中,所述实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,包括:
通过所述里程计实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的第一里程数据,并根据所述第一里程数据确定所述机器人100的里程旋转角度。也即,在该实施例中,第一里程数据包括里程计检测到的其旋转过程中的运动里程轨迹等,比如,速度、加速度和位移等;进而,根据上述第一里程数据即可确定机器人100的里程旋转角度。
在一实施例中,所述感应传感器2包括与所述处理器通信连接的里程计;所述步骤S20中,所述控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐,包括:
通过所述里程计实时获取所述机器人100旋转过程中的第二里程数据,并根据所述第二里程数据确定所述机器人100的实时旋转角度;也即,在该实施例中,第二里程数据包括里程计检测到的其旋转过程中的运动里程轨迹等,比如,速度、加速度和位移等;进而,根据上述第二里程数据即可确定机器人100的实时旋转角度。
在所述实时旋转角度等于预设角度阈值时,确定所述机器人100已旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。预设角度阈值可以根据需求设定,可以是指机器人100在理想状态下从第一侧3与充电桩200对其旋转至第二侧4与充电桩200对其所对应的旋转角度,比如180度。可理解地,在所述实时旋转角度小于预设角度阈值时,说明所述机器人100并未旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐,此时机器人100将继续旋转。在上述实施例中,在机器人100的整个旋转过程中,均仅通过里程计指导机器人100的持续旋转,直至确认机器人100第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。
在一实施例中,如图5所示,所述步骤S30中,所述控制所述机器人100停止旋转并向后直行之后,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
S301,实时获取所述机器人100向后直行的后行距离;也即,机器人100向后直行的后行距离可以通过里程计实时获取。
S302,在所述后行距离小于或等于后退距离阈值时,若检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则确认所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触;所述后退距离阈值大于或等于所述预设距离;其中,后退距离阈值可以根据需求设定为大于预设距离(预设锚点位置与充电桩200之间的距离)且与预设距离的差值在一定范围内的一个距离值,以避免旋转或者向后直行过程中出现可控范围内的移动偏差时,机器人100还可以正常向后直行最终实现充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触。接触信号将在充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触时生成,也即,若机器人100通过处理器检测到充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触则生成接触信号;在另一可选实施例中,亦可以是充电桩200检测到充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触,并向机器人100发送接触信号,机器人100可以根据接收到的接触信号确认充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触。
S303,在所述后行距离小于或等于所述后退距离阈值时,若并未检测到所述充电电极 1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则继续控制所述机器人100向后直行。也即,在该实施例中,当后行距离小于或等于后退距离阈值,且检测到接触信号时,说明充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触,此时可以直接对该机器人100进行充电操作之后,提示充电成功。而在当后行距离小于或等于后退距离阈值,且并未检测到接触信号时,说明机器人100的充电电极1并未与充电桩200匹配接触,此时由于后行距离并未大于后退距离阈值,说明机器人100尚未运动到充电桩200所在位置,因此将继续控制所述机器人100向后直行,此时也可以提示尚未开始充电。
进一步地,所述步骤S301之后,也即所述实时获取所述机器人100向后直行的后行距离之后,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
在所述后行距离大于后退距离阈值时,若尚未检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则控制所述机器人100停止运动并提示充电失败。也即,在当后行距离大于后退距离阈值时,说明机器人100在理想状态下(机器人100旋转之后,第二侧4与充电桩200正前方对齐)已经向后直行了足够抵达充电桩200的距离,因此,此时还尚未检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,说明机器人100在旋转过程中或者向后直行过程中发生了非正常偏移,因此,此时需要控制所述机器人100停止运动并提示充电失败。在一可选实施例中,机器人100可以重新自动生成新的充电指令(或用户接收到充电失败的提示之后,通过智能终端重新发送充电指令)之后,再次进入步骤S10中进行再一次自动回充。
在一实施例中,提供一种机器人自动回充方法,所述机器人自动回充方法应用于上述机器人的处理器,如图2所示,所述机器人自动回充方法包括如下步骤:
S10,接收充电指令,控制机器人100行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方F预设距离处;
S20,控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐;所述机器人100包括设置在机器人100的第一侧3的感应传感器2和设置在所述机器人100的第二侧4的充电电极1;所述第一侧3与所述第二侧4相对设置;
S30,在通过所述感应传感器2检测到所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐时,控制所述机器人100停止旋转并向后直行;
S40,在检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人100停止运动并执行充电操作。
本申请实施例中,无需额外在机器人100上加装其他感应传感器2,仅需要通过分别设置在机器人100上相对的第一侧3和第二侧4的充电电极1和感应传感器2,即可实现机器人100的自动回充,同时还可以在机器人100通过充电电极1完成充电之后,使得机器人100朝向第一侧3直接前进以脱离与充电桩200的接触,从而避免与障碍物发生碰撞的有益效果,其结构简单,节省了成本;并且,本申请实施例还解决了将感应传感器2和充电电极1设置在同一侧时所带来的安装空间拥挤的问题,且充电电极1和感应器之间不会发生相互干涉,提升了检测精度。
进一步地,所述接收充电指令之前,包括:
实时检测所述机器人100的电池电量;
在所述电池电量低于预设电量阈值时,生成所述充电指令。
进一步地,所述接收充电指令,包括:
接收与所述处理器通信连接的智能终端发送的充电指令,所述充电指令在所述智能终端上的预设充电按键被触发时生成。
在一实施例中,如图3所示,在控制机器人100行驶至预设锚点位置之前,包括:
S101,获取所述充电桩200在所述机器人100所处的世界地图中的位置区域;
S102,控制所述机器人100行驶至所述位置区域中,通过感应传感器2识别所述充电桩200;
S103,在识别到所述充电桩200时,获取所述充电桩200的位姿信息,并根据所述位姿信息确定预设锚点位置。
进一步地,所述通过感应传感器2识别所述充电桩200,包括:
获取所述充电桩200的预设形态特征;
控制所述感应传感器2在所述位置区域中进行实时探测,以获取所述感应传感器2的探测范围300内的第一特征数据;
在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第一预设阈值时,确认识别到所述充电桩200;和/或
在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第一预设阈值时,继续控制所述感应传感器2在所述位置区域中进行实时探测。
在一实施例中,所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转之前,所述机器人自动回充方法还包括将机器人的第一侧调整至与所述充电桩对齐;其中,所述将机器人的第一侧调整至与所述充电桩对齐具体包括:
获取机器人100抵达所述预设锚点位置时的第一位姿;
根据所述第一位姿确定第一调整角度和第二调整角度,所述第一调整角度是指所述机器人100的第一侧3顺时针旋转至与所述充电桩200对齐所对应的旋转角度;所述第二调整角度是指所述机器人100的第一侧3逆时针旋转至与所述充电桩200对齐所对应的旋转角度;
在所述第一调整角度小于或等于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人100以顺时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐;
在所述第一调整角度大于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人100以逆时针旋转至第一侧3与所述充电桩200对齐。
在一实施例中,如图4所示,所述感应传感器2包括激光雷达21;
所述控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐,包括:
S201,通过所述激光雷达21实时探测所述充电桩200并获取感应数据;
S202,在检测到所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300时,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,并将机器人100的当前位姿记录为里程起始位姿;所述旋转定位角度是指机器人100从所述里程起始位姿转动到第二侧4对齐所述充电桩200所对应的旋转角度;
S203,实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,并在所述里程旋转角度达到所述旋转定位角度时,确定所述机器人100已旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。
进一步地,所述通过激光雷达21实时探测所述充电桩200并获取感应数据,包括:
在所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转的过程中,在所述激光雷达21的探测范围300内实时探测第二特征数据;
获取所述充电桩的预设形态特征;
在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩200并未超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300;
在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩200超出所述激光雷达21的探测范围300。
在一实施例中,所述根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,包括:
根据所述充电桩200的宽度、所述预设距离和所述激光雷达21的水平视角范围确定目标旋转角度;
自所述感应数据中获取所述机器人100的当前位姿,根据所述当前位姿确定第一预估旋转角度;
在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第一预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
进一步地,所述机器人自动回充方法还包括:
在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度超出预设偏差范围时,根据所述第一偏差角度将所述机器人100的当前位姿调整至目标位姿;
在与所述目标位姿对应的第二预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第二偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第二预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
在一实施例中,所述感应传感器2还包括里程计;所述实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,包括:
通过里程计实时获取所述机器人100从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的第一里程数据,并根据所述第一里程数据确定所述机器人100的里程旋转角度。
在一实施例中,所述感应传感器2包括里程计;所述控制所述机器人100以预设旋转方向旋转,以将所述机器人100旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐,包括:
通过里程计实时获取所述机器人100旋转过程中的第二里程数据,并根据所述第二里程数据确定所述机器人100的实时旋转角度;
在所述实时旋转角度等于预设角度阈值时,确定所述机器人100已旋转到第二侧4与所述充电桩200对齐。
在一实施例中,如图5所示,所述控制所述机器人100停止旋转并向后直行之后,还包括:
S301,实时获取所述机器人100向后直行的后行距离;
S302,在所述后行距离小于或等于后退距离阈值时,若检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则确认所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200匹配接触;所述后退距离阈值大于或等于所述预设距离;
S303,在所述后行距离小于或等于所述后退距离阈值时,若并未检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则继续控制所述机器人100向后直行。
进一步地,所述实时获取所述机器人100向后直行的后行距离之后,还包括:
在所述后行距离大于后退距离阈值时,若尚未检测到所述充电电极1与所述充电桩200的接触信号,则控制所述机器人100停止运动并提示充电失败。
应理解,上述实施例中各步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后,各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定,而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
可理解地,上述机器人100还包括壳体。该机器人中的元器件,比如处理器、存储器、里程计等设置于机器人100壳体内部,以达到对其进行保护的目的。而感应传感器2可以设置在壳体上,以便于对障碍物以及充电桩200等信息进行及时探测。
在一实施例中,提供一种控制装置,包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令;所述计算机可读指令被所述处理器执行时实现上述机器人自动回充方法。其中,该控制装置可以是服务器。该控制装置可以包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、存储器、网络接口和数据库。该控制装置的处理器用于提供计算和控制能力。该控制装置的存储器包括可读存储介质、内存储器。该可读存储介质存储有操作系统、计算机可读指令和数据库,该可读存储介质包括易失性存储介质和非易失性存储介质。该内存储器为可读存储介质中的操作系统和计算机可读指令的运行提供环境。该控制装置的网络接口用于与外部的终端通过网络连接通信。该计算机可读指令被处理器执行 时以实现上述机器人自动回充方法。
在一个实施例中,提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机可读指令,计算机可读指令被处理器执行时实现上述实施例中的机器人自动回充方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机可读指令来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机可读指令可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中,该计算机可读指令在执行时,可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中,本申请所提供的各实施例中所使用的对存储器、存储、数据库或其它介质的任何引用,均可包括非易失性和/或易失性存储器。非易失性存储器可包括只读存储器(ROM)、可编程ROM(PROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可包括随机存取存储器(RAM)或者外部高速缓冲存储器。作为说明而非局限,RAM以多种形式可得,诸如静态RAM(SRAM)、动态RAM(DRAM)、同步DRAM(SDRAM)、双数据率SDRAM(DDRSDRAM)、增强型SDRAM(ESDRAM)、同步链路(Synchlink)DRAM(SLDRAM)、存储器总线(Rambus)直接RAM(RDRAM)、直接存储器总线动态RAM(DRDRAM)、以及存储器总线动态RAM(RDRAM)等。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为了描述的方便和简洁,仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明,实际应用中,可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成,即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块,以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此,本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种机器人,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令;
    所述机器人还包括均与所述处理器通信连接的感应传感器和充电电极;所述感应传感器设置在机器人的第一侧,所述充电电极设置在所述机器人的第二侧,所述第一侧与所述第二侧相对设置;
    所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时实现如下步骤:
    接收充电指令,控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方预设距离处;
    控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转;
    在通过所述感应传感器检测到所述机器人旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐时,控制所述机器人停止旋转并向后直行;
    在检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人停止运动并执行充电操作。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述接收充电指令之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
    实时检测所述机器人的电池电量;
    在所述电池电量低于预设电量阈值时,生成所述充电指令。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述接收充电指令,包括:
    接收与所述处理器通信连接的智能终端发送的充电指令,所述充电指令在所述智能终端上的预设充电按键被触发时生成。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,在控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
    获取所述充电桩在所述机器人所处的世界地图中的位置区域;
    控制所述机器人行驶至所述位置区域中,通过感应传感器识别所述充电桩;
    在识别到所述充电桩时,获取所述充电桩的位姿信息,并根据所述位姿信息确定预设锚点位置。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述通过感应传感器识别所述充电桩,包括:
    获取所述充电桩的预设形态特征;
    控制所述感应传感器在所述位置区域中进行实时探测,以获取所述感应传感器的探测范围内的第一特征数据;
    在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第一预设阈值时,确认识别到所述充电桩;和/或
    在所述第一特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第一预设阈值时,继续控制所述感应传感器在所述位置区域中进行实时探测。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,在所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转之前,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现将机器人的第一侧调整至与所述充电桩对齐;
    所述将机器人的第一侧调整至与所述充电桩对齐具体包括:
    获取机器人抵达所述预设锚点位置时的第一位姿;
    根据所述第一位姿确定第一调整角度和第二调整角度,所述第一调整角度是指所述机器人顺时针旋转至第一侧与所述充电桩对齐所对应的旋转角度;所述第二调整角度是指所述机器人逆时针旋转至第一侧与所述充电桩对齐所对应的旋转角度;
    在所述第一调整角度小于或等于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人以顺时针旋转至第一侧与所述充电桩对齐;
    在所述第一调整角度大于所述第二调整角度时,控制所述机器人以逆时针旋转至第一侧与所述充电桩对齐。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述感应传感器包括与所述处理器通信连接的激光雷达;
    所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转,包括:
    通过所述激光雷达实时探测所述充电桩并获取感应数据;
    在检测到所述充电桩超出所述激光雷达的探测范围时,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,并将机器人的当前位姿记录为里程起始位姿;所述旋转定位角度是指机器人从所述里程起始位姿转动到第二侧对齐所述充电桩所对应的旋转角度;
    实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,直至所述里程旋转角度达到所述旋转定位角度。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述通过激光雷达实时探测所述充电桩并获取感应数据,包括:
    在所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转的过程中,在所述激光雷达的探测范围内实时探测第二特征数据;
    获取所述充电桩的预设形态特征;
    在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度大于或等于第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩并未超出所述激光雷达的探测范围;
    在所述第二特征数据与所述预设形态特征之间的匹配度小于所述第二预设阈值时,确认所述充电桩超出所述激光雷达的探测范围。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,包括:
    根据所述充电桩的宽度、所述预设距离和所述激光雷达的水平视角范围确定目标旋转角度;
    自所述感应数据中获取所述机器人的当前位姿,根据所述当前位姿确定第一预估旋转角度;
    在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第一预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
    在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度超出预设偏差范围时,根据所述第一偏差角度将所述机器人的当前位姿调整至目标位姿;
    在与所述目标位姿对应的第二预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第二偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第二预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述感应传感器还包括与所述处理器通信连接的里程计;
    所述实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,包括:
    通过所述里程计实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的第一里程数据,并根据所述第一里程数据确定所述机器人的里程旋转角度。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述感应传感器包括与所述处理器通信连接的里程计;
    所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转,包括:
    通过所述里程计实时获取所述机器人旋转过程中的第二里程数据,并根据所述第二里 程数据确定所述机器人的实时旋转角度;
    在所述实时旋转角度等于预设角度阈值时,确定所述机器人已旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐。
  13. 如权利要求1至12任意一项所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述控制所述机器人停止旋转并向后直行之后,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
    实时获取所述机器人向后直行的后行距离;
    在所述后行距离小于或等于后退距离阈值时,若检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩的接触信号,则确认所述充电电极与所述充电桩匹配接触;所述后退距离阈值大于或等于所述预设距离;
    在所述后行距离小于或等于所述后退距离阈值时,若并未检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩的接触信号,则继续控制所述机器人向后直行。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的机器人,其特征在于,所述实时获取所述机器人向后直行的后行距离之后,所述处理器执行所述计算机可读指令时还实现如下步骤:
    在所述后行距离大于后退距离阈值时,若尚未检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩的接触信号,则控制所述机器人停止运动并提示充电失败。
  15. 一种机器人自动回充方法,包括:
    接收充电指令,控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置;所述预设锚点位置位于充电桩的前方预设距离处;
    控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转;所述机器人包括设置在机器人的第一侧的感应传感器和设置在所述机器人的第二侧的充电电极;所述第一侧与所述第二侧相对设置;
    在通过所述感应传感器检测到所述机器人旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐时,控制所述机器人停止旋转并向后直行;
    在检测到所述充电电极与所述充电桩匹配接触之后,控制所述机器人停止运动并执行充电操作。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的机器人自动回充方法,其特征在于,在控制机器人行驶至预设锚点位置之前,包括:
    获取所述充电桩在所述机器人所处的世界地图中的位置区域;
    控制所述机器人行驶至所述位置区域中,通过感应传感器识别所述充电桩;
    在识别到所述充电桩时,获取所述充电桩的位姿信息,并根据所述位姿信息确定预设锚点位置。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的机器人自动回充方法,其特征在于,所述感应传感器包括激光雷达;
    所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转,包括:
    通过所述激光雷达实时探测所述充电桩并获取感应数据;
    在检测到所述充电桩超出所述激光雷达的探测范围时,根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,并将机器人的当前位姿记录为里程起始位姿;所述旋转定位角度是指机器人从所述里程起始位姿转动到第二侧对齐所述充电桩所对应的旋转角度;
    实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,直至所述里程旋转角度达到所述旋转定位角度。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的机器人自动回充方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述感应数据确定旋转定位角度,包括:
    根据所述充电桩的宽度、所述预设距离和所述激光雷达的水平视角范围确定目标旋转角度;
    自所述感应数据中获取所述机器人的当前位姿,根据所述当前位姿确定第一预估旋转角度;
    在所述第一预估旋转角度与所述目标旋转角度之间的第一偏差角度在预设偏差范围内时,将所述第一预估旋转角度确定为旋转定位角度。
  19. 如权利要求17所述的机器人自动回充方法,其特征在于,所述感应传感器还包括里程计;
    所述实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的里程旋转角度,包括:
    通过里程计实时获取所述机器人从所述里程起始位姿开始旋转的第一里程数据,并根据所述第一里程数据确定所述机器人的里程旋转角度。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的机器人自动回充方法,其特征在于,所述感应传感器包括里程计;
    所述控制所述机器人以预设旋转方向旋转,包括:
    通过里程计实时获取所述机器人旋转过程中的第二里程数据,并根据所述第二里程数据确定所述机器人的实时旋转角度;
    在所述实时旋转角度等于预设角度阈值时,确定所述机器人已旋转到第二侧与所述充电桩对齐。
  21. 一种控制装置,包括:
    存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机可读指令;
    所述计算机可读指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求15至20任一项所述机器人自动回充方法。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可读指令,所述计算机可读指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求15至20任一项所述机器人自动回充方法。
PCT/CN2022/109182 2021-07-30 2022-07-29 机器人及其自动回充方法、控制装置、存储介质 WO2023006104A1 (zh)

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