WO2023000661A1 - 发动机 - Google Patents

发动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000661A1
WO2023000661A1 PCT/CN2022/076584 CN2022076584W WO2023000661A1 WO 2023000661 A1 WO2023000661 A1 WO 2023000661A1 CN 2022076584 W CN2022076584 W CN 2022076584W WO 2023000661 A1 WO2023000661 A1 WO 2023000661A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
oil passage
cylinder
crankshaft
passage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/076584
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪伟
张欣林
庞淑娟
姜维
Original Assignee
奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023000661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000661A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/06—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of crankshafts or connecting rods with lubricant passageways, e.g. bores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/02—Arrangements of lubricant conduits

Definitions

  • the disclosure belongs to the field of automobiles, and in particular relates to an engine.
  • the engine is equipped with a lubrication system, and the main function of the lubrication system is to deliver lubricating oil to various required parts of the engine for lubrication.
  • the lubricating system of the engine includes structures such as an oil pump and a main oil passage.
  • the oil pump is located on one side of the cylinder of the engine, and the main oil passage is opened inside the cylinder.
  • the oil pump sucks lubricating oil from the oil pan of the engine, delivers the sucked lubricating oil to the main oil passage, and delivers it to various parts that need to be lubricated through the main oil passage.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine, which can reduce the volume of the engine and reduce the development cost of the engine oil circuit. Described technical scheme is as follows:
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an engine, and the engine includes a cylinder, an oil pan, and a lubrication system;
  • the cylinder includes a cylinder body and a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is rotatably inserted into the cylinder body;
  • the oil pan is connected to the cylinder body
  • the lubricating system includes an oil pump and a main oil passage, the oil pump is embedded in the side wall of the cylinder block, and the oil pump is sleeved on the crankshaft for transmission connection with the crankshaft.
  • the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected with the inside of the oil pan.
  • the side wall of the cylinder body has a crankshaft through hole and a limiting groove connected to each other;
  • the notch of the limiting groove is located on the inner wall of the cylinder;
  • crankshaft through hole is located in the limiting groove, and the crankshaft through hole is arranged coaxially with the limiting groove;
  • the oil pump is located in the limiting groove and connected to the side wall of the cylinder block;
  • crankshaft The end of the crankshaft is inserted into the through hole of the crankshaft.
  • the lubrication system further includes a main oil gallery, and the main oil gallery includes a first main oil gallery and a second main oil gallery;
  • the first main oil passage is located in the oil pan and connected to the inner wall of the oil pan, and the first end of the first main oil passage is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump;
  • the second main oil passage is located in the cylinder body, the first end of the second main oil passage is connected with the second end of the first main oil passage, and the second end of the second main oil passage It is connected with the lubricating chamber of the cylinder.
  • the oil pan includes a bottom plate and a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate, and a fourth side plate connected in sequence, and the bottom plate is connected to the first side plate respectively.
  • the same side of one side panel, the second side panel, the third side panel and the fourth side panel are connected;
  • the first main oil passage includes a first vertical section of the oil pan, a transverse section of the oil pan and a second vertical section of the oil pan connected in sequence;
  • the first vertical section of the oil pan is connected to the first side plate, and the first vertical section of the oil pan is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump;
  • the transverse section of the oil pan is connected to the bottom plate
  • the second vertical section of the oil pan is connected to the second side plate, and the second vertical section of the oil pan is connected to the second end of the second main oil passage.
  • the engine further includes an oil filter, and the oil filter is located on one side of the cylinder block;
  • the second main oil passage includes the first oil passage of the cylinder body and the second oil passage of the cylinder body;
  • the first end of the first oil passage of the cylinder body is connected to the second end of the second vertical section of the oil pan, and the second end of the first oil passage of the cylinder body is connected to the oil inlet of the oil filter. Mouth connected;
  • the first end of the second oil passage of the cylinder is connected with the oil outlet of the oil filter, and the second end of the second oil passage of the cylinder is connected with the lubricating chamber of the cylinder.
  • the oil filter includes a filter body and an oil switch
  • the filter body is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder;
  • the oil switch is connected to the filter body, and the sensing end of the oil switch is located inside the second oil passage of the cylinder body.
  • the main oil passage further includes a crankshaft oil passage
  • crankshaft oil passage is located inside the cylinder block, and the crankshaft oil passage is connected to the second main oil passage, and the extension direction of the crankshaft oil passage is the same as the axial direction of the crankshaft.
  • the cylinder further includes a cylinder head and a camshaft
  • the cylinder head seal cover is arranged on the top of the cylinder block, the camshaft is rotatably inserted inside the cylinder head, and the camshaft is arranged parallel to the crankshaft;
  • the main oil passage also includes a connecting oil passage and a camshaft oil passage.
  • the first part of the connecting oil passage is located in the cylinder body, and its end is connected with the crankshaft oil passage.
  • the second part of the connecting oil passage is located in the In the cylinder head, and the end is connected with the camshaft oil passage;
  • the camshaft oil passage is located in the cylinder head, and the extension direction of the camshaft oil passage is the same as that of the crankshaft oil passage.
  • the cylinder further includes a bearing cap, the bearing cap is located on one side of the cylinder head and is connected to the cylinder head;
  • the main oil passage also includes a bearing oil passage, the bearing oil passage is located in the bearing cover, and the bearing oil passage is connected with the connecting oil passage.
  • the engine further includes an oil collector and an inlet elbow;
  • the oil collector is located in the oil pan
  • the input elbow is located between the cylinder block and the oil pan, one end of the input elbow is connected to the oil outlet of the oil collector, and the other end of the input elbow is connected to the engine The oil inlet of the oil pump is connected.
  • the oil pump is embedded in the side wall of the cylinder body, so the internal space of the side wall of the cylinder body can be fully utilized, and the engine occupies a large area due to the oil pump protruding from the cylinder body. big space. Moreover, since the oil pump is sleeved on the crankshaft, the oil pump is directly connected with the crankshaft transmission, so a set of chain drive system is reduced, and the volume of the entire engine is further reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial structure of a lubrication system and an oil pan provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder head and a bearing cap provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Lubrication system 31. Oil pump; 32. Main oil passage; 321. The first main oil passage; 3211. The first vertical section of the oil pan; 3212. The horizontal section of the oil pan; 3213. The second oil pan Vertical section; 322, second main oil passage; 3221, cylinder first oil passage; 3222, cylinder second oil passage; 323, crankshaft oil passage; 3231, crankshaft oil outlet pipe; 3232, crankshaft shaft diameter; 324, Connecting oil passage; 325, camshaft oil passage; 3251, intake side camshaft oil passage; 3252, exhaust side camshaft oil passage; 32511, intake side camshaft oil outlet pipe; 32512, intake side camshaft oil outlet Plate; 32513, intake side hydraulic tappet outlet pipe; 3253, camshaft connecting oil passage; 326, bearing oil passage; 3261, one-way valve; 327, supercharger oil passage;
  • the engine in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a four-cylinder engine, that is, the cylinder includes four cylinder chambers, and gas is burned in the four cylinder chambers to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy to drive the engine to run.
  • the engine includes a cylinder 1 , an oil pan 2 and a lubricating system 3 .
  • the cylinder 1 includes a cylinder block 11 and a crankshaft 12 , and the crankshaft 12 is rotatably inserted into the cylinder block 11 .
  • the oil pan 2 is located at the bottom of the cylinder body 11 and is connected with the cylinder body 11 .
  • the lubricating system 3 includes an oil pump 31 , which is embedded in the side wall of the cylinder block 11 , and the oil pump 31 is sleeved on the crankshaft 12 to be connected with the crankshaft 12 in transmission.
  • the oil port is connected to the inside of the oil pan 2 .
  • the oil pump 31 is embedded in the side wall of the cylinder block 11, so the internal space of the side wall of the cylinder block 11 can be fully utilized, and the oil pump 31 protruding from the cylinder block 11 is avoided. As a result, the engine takes up a lot of space. Moreover, since the oil pump 31 is sleeved on the crankshaft 12, the oil pump 31 is directly connected to the crankshaft 12 in transmission, so a set of chain drive system is reduced, and the volume of the entire engine is further reduced.
  • the side wall of the cylinder block 11 has a crankshaft through hole 111 and a limiting groove 112 connected to each other.
  • the notch of the limiting groove 112 is located on the inner wall of the cylinder body 11
  • the crankshaft through hole 111 is located in the limiting groove 112
  • the crankshaft through hole 111 and the limiting groove 112 are arranged coaxially.
  • the oil pump 31 is located in the limiting groove 112 and connected to the side wall of the cylinder 11 .
  • the end of the crankshaft 12 is inserted into the crankshaft through hole 111 .
  • crankshaft through hole 111 is used to install the crankshaft 12, and the limit groove 112 is used to fix the oil pump 31, so that the connection between the oil pump 31 and the crankshaft 12 can be easily realized, and the oil pump 31 Assembled on the cylinder block 11.
  • crankshaft through hole 111 is located at the bottom of the limiting groove 112, and passes through the inner space and the outer space of the cylinder block 11, so that the crankshaft 12 can protrude from the inside of the cylinder block 11, thereby realizing the connection with the oil pump 31. transmission connection between them.
  • the crankshaft 12 is connected to the oil pump 31 through gear transmission.
  • the lubrication system 3 further includes a main oil gallery 32 , and the main oil gallery 32 includes a first main oil gallery 321 and a second main oil gallery 322 .
  • the first main oil passage 321 is located in the oil pan 2 and is connected to the inner wall of the oil pan 2.
  • the first end of the first main oil passage 321 is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 31.
  • the second main oil passage 322 is located in the In the cylinder body 11 , the first end of the second main oil passage 322 is connected to the second end of the first main oil passage 321 , and the second end of the second main oil passage 322 is connected to the lubricating chamber of the cylinder 1 .
  • the second part of the main oil passage 32 is located inside the side wall of the oil pan 2, that is, only the first part of the main oil passage 32 is located inside the cylinder 1
  • Inside the side wall of the main oil passage 32 of the second part is accommodated by the internal space of the oil pan 2, thereby greatly reducing the processing difficulty and cost of the entire main oil passage 32, thereby reducing the processing cost of the engine .
  • the first main oil passage 321 is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 31 for outputting lubricating oil, and at the same time, the first main oil passage 321 is located in the oil pan 2 to save development cost.
  • the second main oil gallery 322 is used to deliver the lubricating oil in the first main oil gallery 321 to the lubricating chamber of the cylinder 1 .
  • the lubricating cavity refers to the cavity in the engine that needs to input lubricating oil, such as the cavity where the crankshaft 12 is located.
  • the oil pan 2 includes a bottom plate 25, a first side plate 21, a second side plate 22, a third side plate 23, and a fourth side plate 24 connected in sequence, and the bottom plate 25 is respectively connected to the first side plate The same sides of the side plate 21 , the second side plate 22 , the third side plate 23 and the fourth side plate 24 are connected.
  • the first main oil passage 321 includes a first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan, a horizontal section 3212 of the oil pan and a second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan which are connected in sequence.
  • the first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan is located on the first side plate 21 and connected to the first side plate 21 , and the first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 31 .
  • the oil sump transverse section 3212 is located on the bottom plate 25 and is connected with the bottom plate 25 .
  • the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan is located on the second side plate 22 and connected to the second side plate 22 , and the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan is connected to the second end of the second main oil passage 322 .
  • the first side plate 21, the second side plate 22, the third side plate 23, the fourth side plate 24 and the bottom plate 25 can simply form a cavity structure with an opening, which can make the oil sump Shell 2 reclaims and holds lubricating oil.
  • the first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan is arranged along the first side plate 21
  • the horizontal section 3212 of the oil pan is arranged along the bottom plate 25
  • the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan is arranged along the second side plate 22
  • the first main oil passage 321 can be arranged according to the existing structure of the oil pan 2 , thereby reducing the development cost of the entire main oil passage 32 .
  • the first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan and the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan are arranged parallel to each other, and the horizontal section 3212 of the oil pan is located between the first vertical section 3211 of the oil pan and the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan.
  • the horizontal section 3212 of the oil pan is an L-shaped structure, wherein the bending position of the horizontal section 3212 of the oil pan is located at a corner of the oil pan 2 . In this way, the arrangement can be made based on the inner wall of the oil pan 2 , greatly reducing the processing cost of the first main oil passage 321 .
  • the engine further includes an oil filter 4 , and the oil filter 4 is located on one side of the cylinder block 11 .
  • the second main oil passage 322 includes a cylinder first oil passage 3221 and a cylinder second oil passage 3222 .
  • the first end of the first oil passage 3221 of the cylinder is connected with the second end of the second vertical section 3213 of the oil pan, and the second end of the first oil passage 3221 of the cylinder is connected with the oil inlet of the oil filter 4 .
  • the first end of the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body is connected with the oil outlet of the oil filter 4 , and the second end of the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body is connected with the lubricating chamber of the cylinder 1 .
  • the oil filter 4 is used to cool and filter the lubricating oil.
  • the oil filter 4 is connected to the first oil passage 3221 of the cylinder body, and the lubricating oil delivered by the first oil passage 3221 of the cylinder body passes through the oil filter. After the cooling and filtering of the cleaner 4, it is sent to the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body, and the clean and cooled lubricating oil enters the lubricating chamber of the cylinder 1 through the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body, so as to avoid Impurities clog the lubricating chamber of the engine.
  • the first oil passage 3221 of the cylinder body is an inverted U-shaped structure
  • the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body is an inverted L-shaped structural member, which facilitates the arrangement and processing of the second main oil passage 322 .
  • the oil filter 4 includes a filter body 41 and an oil switch 42 .
  • the filter body 41 is connected with the outer wall of the cylinder body 11 , and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil filter 4 are located on the filter body 41 .
  • the oil switch 42 is connected to the filter body 41 , and the sensing end of the oil switch 42 is located inside the second oil passage 3222 of the cylinder body.
  • the filter body 41 is used for filtering and cooling lubricating oil.
  • the oil pressure will decrease during the flow of the lubricating oil.
  • the place where the lubricating oil just flows out from the oil outlet of the filter body 41 must have a certain oil pressure, that is, the oil pressure here is the highest.
  • the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the filter body 41 is monitored to ensure the normal operation of the entire engine.
  • the oil switch 42 When the oil switch 42 detects that the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the filter body 41 is 0 or lower than the minimum value of actual demand (generally set according to the actual working conditions), the oil switch 42 automatically sends out an alarm to prompt work At the same time, the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the filter body 41 is fed back to the oil pump 31 in the form of an electric signal, and the oil pump 31 receives the electric signal, and re-controls the oil pressure of the oil pump 31 according to the oil pressure indicated by the electric signal.
  • the oil pressure of the oil outlet is used to readjust the oil pressure of the lubricating oil, thereby lubricating various parts of the engine, and realizing the real-time adjustment of the oil pressure of the internal lubricating oil of the engine.
  • the filter body 41 is a component formed by integrating the cooler and the filter.
  • the filter body 41 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure directly integrates the cooler and the filter, which not only effectively reduces the cost, and makes the arrangement of the engine more compact.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lubricating system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the main oil passage 32 further includes a crankshaft oil passage 323 .
  • the crankshaft oil passage 323 is located inside the cylinder block 11, and the crankshaft oil passage 323 is connected with the second main oil passage 322.
  • the crankshaft oil passage 323 is used to deliver lubricating oil to the outer wall of the crankshaft 12. the same axis.
  • crankshaft oil passage 323 is used to deliver lubricating oil to the crankshaft 12 so as to lubricate and cool the outer wall of the crankshaft 12 .
  • crankshaft oil passage 323 located inside the cylinder block 11 means that the crankshaft oil passage 323 is directly opened inside the side wall of the cylinder block 11 by casting.
  • crankshaft oil outlet pipes 3231 and a plurality of annular crankshaft shaft diameters 3232 are connected to the crankshaft oil passage 323 , and the crankshaft oil outlet pipes 3231 and the crankshaft shaft diameters 3232 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the crankshaft oil outlet pipes 3231 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the crankshaft oil passage 323, the first end of the crankshaft oil outlet pipe 3231 is connected with the crankshaft oil passage 323, and the second end of the crankshaft oil outlet pipe 3231 is connected with the corresponding crankshaft shaft diameter 3232.
  • the crankshaft diameter 3232 is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the crankshaft 12 .
  • Crankshaft shaft diameters 3232 all have flow holes for the flow of lubricating oil.
  • Lubricating oil passes through the crankshaft oil passage 323 , flows to the crankshaft oil outlet pipe 3231 , and then reaches the crankshaft shaft diameter 3232 .
  • lubricating oil reaches the outer wall of the crankshaft 12 through the flow hole in the crankshaft shaft diameter 3232 to lubricate the crankshaft 12, so that the gap between the crankshaft 12 and the bearing bushes that are sleeved outside the crankshaft 12 can be reduced. of friction.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder head and a bearing cap provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the cylinder 1 further includes a cylinder head 13 and a camshaft 14 .
  • the cylinder head 13 is sealed and covered on the top of the cylinder body 11 .
  • the camshaft 14 is rotatably inserted into the cylinder head 13 .
  • the axis of the camshaft 14 is arranged parallel to the axis of the crankshaft 12 .
  • the main oil passage 32 also includes a connecting oil passage 324 and a camshaft oil passage 325 .
  • the first part of the connecting oil passage 324 is located in the cylinder block 11 , and the end of the connecting oil passage 324 is connected to the crankshaft oil passage 323 .
  • the second part of the connecting oil passage 324 is located in the cylinder head 13, and the end is connected with the camshaft oil passage 325. The direction of extension is the same.
  • the cylinder head 13 is used for connecting with the cylinder body 11 so as to seal the cylinder body 11 .
  • the function of the camshaft 14 is to control the opening and closing actions of the valves in the cylinder chamber in the cylinder block 11 .
  • Camshaft 14 rotates smoothly in engine, just can guarantee the normal operation of engine.
  • the connecting oil passage 324 is used to connect with the crankshaft oil passage 323 so as to introduce lubricating oil into the camshaft oil passage 325 . Lubricating oil is delivered to the camshaft 14 through the camshaft oil passage 325 so that the camshaft 14 can rotate smoothly.
  • the camshaft oil passage 325 includes the intake side camshaft oil passage 3251, the exhaust side camshaft oil passage 3252 and the camshaft communicating oil passage 3253, the intake side camshaft oil passage 3251 and the exhaust side camshaft oil passage
  • the oil passages 3252 are arranged in parallel and facing each other.
  • the extension direction of the intake side camshaft oil passage 3251 and the exhaust side camshaft oil passage 3252 is the same as that of the crankshaft oil passage 323.
  • the camshaft connecting oil passage 3253 connects the intake side camshaft oil passage 3251 and the exhaust side cam
  • the shaft oil passage 3252 is connected, and the middle part of the camshaft communication oil passage 3253 is connected with the connecting oil passage 324 .
  • the intake side camshaft oil passage 3251 is used to deliver lubricating oil to the intake side camshaft
  • the exhaust side camshaft oil passage 3251 The channel 3252 is used to deliver lubricating oil to the camshaft on the exhaust side
  • the camshaft connecting oil channel 3253 is used to connect with the connecting oil channel 324 to deliver the lubricating oil to the camshaft oil channel 3251 on the intake side and the camshaft oil channel on the exhaust side. Road 3252.
  • camshaft oil passage 3251 on the intake side and the camshaft oil passage 3252 on the exhaust side have the same structure, and here only briefly introduces the specific structure of the camshaft oil passage 3251 on the intake side.
  • the side wall of the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251 has a plurality of intake-side camshaft oil outlet pipes 32511 connected to the inner cavity of the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251 , and the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251 The lubricating oil lubricates the intake side camshaft through the intake side camshaft oil outlet pipe 32511.
  • a plurality of intake-side camshaft oil outlet pipes 32511 are evenly spaced on the side wall of the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251, so that lubricating oil can evenly enter the intake-side camshaft.
  • An arc-shaped intake side camshaft oil outlet plate 32512 is also connected to the intake side camshaft oil outlet pipe 32511, and the intake side camshaft oil outlet plate 32512 can deliver lubricating oil to the side wall of the intake side camshaft. During the rotation of the intake side camshaft, the frictional force between the intake side camshaft and the cylinder head 13 can be reduced in this way.
  • the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251 On the side wall of the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251, there are a plurality of intake-side hydraulic tappet outlet pipes 32513 connected to the inner cavity of the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251, and the lubricating oil in the intake-side camshaft oil passage 3251 It is delivered to the hydraulic tappet through the hydraulic tappet outlet pipe 32513 on the intake side to lubricate the hydraulic tappet on the intake side.
  • the connecting oil passage 324 and the crankshaft oil passage 323 are also opened in the inner walls of the cylinder block 11 and the cylinder head 13 by casting.
  • the cylinder 1 further includes a bearing cap 15 , which is located on one side of the cylinder head 13 and connected to the cylinder head 13 .
  • the main oil passage 32 also includes a bearing oil passage 326 located in the bearing cover 15 , and the bearing oil passage 326 is connected with the connecting oil passage 324 .
  • the bearing cap 15 is used to cooperate with the bearing on the camshaft 14 to seal the bearing.
  • a camshaft phaser is provided on the bearing cover 15, and the OVC valve on the camshaft phaser is connected with the bearing oil passage 326, so that the oil circuit inside the phaser can be controlled through the OVC valve on the camshaft phaser, and then according to Implementation Lubricate the camshaft phaser.
  • a one-way valve 3261 is provided in the bearing oil passage 326, the oil inlet of the one-way valve 3261 is connected with the connecting oil passage 324, and the oil outlet of the one-way valve 3261 is connected with the inside of the bearing cap 15 connected.
  • the one-way valve 3261 can reduce the oil return in the camshaft oil passage 325 in the engine cylinder head 13, so that when the engine is restarted, the oil filling time of the cylinder head 13 can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the wear of the bearing pairs of the cylinder head 13 Condition.
  • the engine further includes an oil collector 5 and an input elbow 6 , and the oil collector 5 is located in the oil sump 2 .
  • the input elbow 6 is located between the cylinder block 11 and the oil pan 2 , one end of the input elbow 6 is connected to the oil outlet of the oil collector 5 , and the other end of the input elbow 6 is connected to the oil inlet of the oil pump 31 .
  • the lubricating oil will flow to the oil pan 2 after lubricating.
  • the oil collector 5 is used to collect the lubricating oil in the oil pan 2, and the oil collector 5 is connected to the oil inlet of the oil pump 31 through the input elbow 6, so that the oil pump 31 outputs the lubricating oil flowing to the oil pan 2 , to re-lubricate to ensure that the engine forms a circulation system.
  • the input elbow 6 can flexibly adjust the layout angle of the engine. If the engine needs to adjust the oil suction point of the oil collector 5 when the engine is in use, only by changing the input elbow 6 can effectively reduce the cost of changing parts.
  • the oil collector 5 is a metal collector. This can prolong the service life of the oil collector 5 .
  • the main oil passage 32 also includes a supercharger oil passage 327, the supercharger oil passage 327 is located in the cylinder block 11, and the supercharger oil passage 327 is located on one axial side of the crankshaft oil passage 323, and the supercharger oil passage 327 is
  • the oil passage 327 of the supercharger is used for delivering lubricating oil to the supercharger, and the oil passage 327 of the supercharger is connected with the oil passage 323 of the crankshaft.
  • the lubricating oil in the crankshaft oil passage 323 flows to the turbocharger of the engine through the supercharger oil passage 327 to provide lubrication for the turbocharger.
  • Arranging the supercharger oil passage 327 can reduce the difficulty of arranging the oil passage in the later stage, and at the same time connect the supercharger oil passage 327 with the crankshaft oil passage 323 to facilitate the arrangement of the supercharger oil passage 327 .
  • the above-mentioned oil passages are processed by casting, which can make the design of the oil passage more flexible and reduce the cost of processing the oil passage on the other hand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机，属于汽车领域，该发动机包括气缸（1）、油底壳（2）和润滑系统（3）；气缸（1）包括缸体（11）和曲轴（12），曲轴（12）可转动地插接在缸体（11）内；油底壳（2）位于缸体（11）的底部，且与缸体（11）连接；润滑系统（3）包括机油泵（31）和主油道（32），机油泵（31）与缸体（11）的一侧连接，且套接在曲轴（12）上，并与曲轴（12）传动连接，机油泵（31）的进油口与油底壳（2）的内部相连，主油道（32）的第一部分位于气缸（1）的内部，且端部与气缸（1）的润滑腔相连，主油道（32）的第二部分位于油底壳（2）的内部，且端部与机油泵（31）的出油口相连。该发动机可以减小发动机的体积，降低发动机油路的开发成本。

Description

发动机
本公开要求于2021年7月19日提交的申请号为202110813800.5、发明名称为“发动机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开属于汽车领域，特别涉及一种发动机。
背景技术
发动机中配置有润滑系统，润滑系统的主要作用是将润滑油输送到发动机的各个所需部位以进行润滑。
相关技术中，发动机的润滑系统包括机油泵和主油道等结构。其中机油泵位于发动机的气缸一侧，主油道开设在气缸的内部。在工作时，机油泵从发动机的油底壳抽吸润滑油，将抽吸的润滑油输送到主油道，并通过主油道输送到需要润滑的各个部位。
然而，配置上述润滑系统的发动机会占较大的空间。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种发动机，可以减小发动机的体积，降低发动机油路的开发成本。所述技术方案如下：
本公开实施例提供了一种发动机，所述发动机包括气缸、油底壳和润滑系统；
所述气缸包括缸体和曲轴，所述曲轴可转动地插接在所述缸体内；
所述油底壳与所述缸体连接；
所述润滑系统包括机油泵和主油道，所述机油泵装嵌在所述缸体的侧壁内，且所述机油泵套接在所述曲轴上，以与所述曲轴传动连接，所述机油泵的进油口与所述油底壳的内部相连。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述缸体的侧壁具有相互相连的曲轴通孔和限位槽；
所述限位槽的槽口位于所述缸体的内壁；
所述曲轴通孔位于所述限位槽内，且所述曲轴通孔与所述限位槽同轴布置；
所述机油泵位于所述限位槽内，且与所述缸体的侧壁连接；
所述曲轴的端部插接在所述曲轴通孔中。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述润滑系统还包括主油道，所述主油道包括第一主油道和第二主油道；
所述第一主油道位于所述油底壳内，且与所述油底壳的内壁相连，所述第一主油道的第一端与所述机油泵的出油口相连；
所述第二主油道位于所述缸体内，所述第二主油道的第一端与所述第一主油道的第二端相连，所述第二主油道的第二端与所述气缸的润滑腔相连。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述油底壳包括底板和依次相连的第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板、第四侧板，所述底板分别与所述第一侧板、所述第二侧板、所述第三侧板和所述第四侧板的同一侧边相连；
所述第一主油道包括依次相连的油底壳第一竖向段、油底壳横向段和油底壳第二竖向段；
所述油底壳第一竖向段与所述第一侧板连接，所述油底壳第一竖向段与所述机油泵的出油口相连；
所述油底壳横向段与所述底板连接；
所述油底壳第二竖向段与所述第二侧板连接，所述油底壳第二竖向段与所述第二主油道的第二端相连。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述发动机还包括机油滤清器，所述机油滤清器位于所述缸体的一侧；
所述第二主油道包括缸体第一油道和缸体第二油道；
所述缸体第一油道的第一端与所述油底壳第二竖向段的第二端相连，所述缸体第一油道的第二端与所述机油滤清器进油口相连；
所述缸体第二油道的第一端与所述机油滤清器的出油口相连，所述缸体第二油道的第二端与所述气缸的润滑腔相连。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述机油滤清器包括滤清器本体和机油开关；
所述滤清器本体与所述缸体的外壁相连；
所述机油开关与所述滤清器本体相连，且所述机油开关的感应端位于所述缸体第二油道内部。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述主油道还包括曲轴油道；
所述曲轴油道位于所述缸体的内部，且所述曲轴油道与所述第二主油道相连，所述曲轴油道的延伸方向与所述曲轴的轴向相同。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述气缸还包括缸盖和凸轮轴；
所述缸盖密封罩设在所述缸体的顶部，所述凸轮轴可转动地插接在所述缸盖内部，所述凸轮轴与所述曲轴平行布置；
所述主油道还包括连接油道和凸轮轴油道，所述连接油道第一部分位于所述缸体内，且端部与所述曲轴油道相连，所述连接油道第二部分位于所述缸盖内，且端部与所述凸轮轴油道相连；
所述凸轮轴油道位于所述缸盖内，且所述凸轮轴油道的延伸方向与所述曲轴油道的延伸方向相同。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述气缸还包括轴承盖，所述轴承盖位于所述缸盖的一侧，且与所述缸盖相连；
所述主油道还包括轴承油道，所述轴承油道位于所述轴承盖内，所述轴承油道与所述连接油道相连。
在本公开的又一种实现方式中，所述发动机还包括机油收集器和输入弯管；
所述机油收集器位于所述油底壳内；
所述输入弯管位于所述缸体和所述油底壳之间，所述输入弯管的一端与所 述机油收集器的出油口相连，所述输入弯管的另一端与所述机油泵的进油口相连。
本公开实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
由于本公开实施例提供的发动机中，机油泵装嵌在缸体的侧壁内，所以能够充分利用缸体的侧壁内部空间，避免了因机油泵凸出于缸体，而导致发动机占用较大的空间。并且，由于机油泵套接在曲轴上，所以使得机油泵直接与曲轴传动连接，所以减少了一套链条驱动系统，进一步减小了整个发动机的体积。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例提供的缸体的结构示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的润滑系统的部分结构与油底壳的结构示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的润滑系统的结构示意图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的缸盖和轴承盖的结构示意图。
图中各符号表示含义如下：
1、气缸；11、缸体；111、曲轴通孔；112、限位槽；12、曲轴；13、缸盖；14、凸轮轴；15、轴承盖；
2、油底壳；21、第一侧板；22、第二侧板；23、第三侧板；24、第四侧板；25、底板；
3、润滑系统；31、机油泵；32、主油道；321、第一主油道；3211、油底壳第一竖向段；3212、油底壳横向段；3213、油底壳第二竖向段；322、第二主油道；3221、缸体第一油道；3222、缸体第二油道；323、曲轴油道；3231、曲轴出油管；3232、曲轴轴径；324、连接油道；325、凸轮轴油道；3251、进气侧凸轮轴油道；3252、排气侧凸轮轴油道；32511、进气侧凸轮轴出油管；32512、进气侧凸轮轴出油板；32513、进气侧液压挺柱出油管；3253、凸轮轴连通油道； 326、轴承油道；3261、单向阀；327、增压器油道；
4、机油滤清器；41、滤清器本体；42、机油开关；
5、机油收集器；
6、输入弯管。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本公开实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
示例性地，本公开实施例中的发动机为四缸发动机，也即气缸中包括四个气缸室，燃气在四个气缸室中燃烧，将化学能转化为机械能，驱动发动机运转。
本公开实施例提供了一种发动机，如图1和2所示，发动机包括气缸1、油底壳2和润滑系统3。气缸1包括缸体11和曲轴12，曲轴12可转动地插接在缸体11内。油底壳2位于缸体11的底部，且与缸体11连接。
继续参见图2，润滑系统3包括机油泵31，机油泵31装嵌在缸体11的侧壁内，且机油泵31套接在曲轴12上，以与曲轴12传动连接，机油泵31的进油口与油底壳2的内部相连。
由于本公开实施例提供的发动机中，机油泵31装嵌在缸体11的侧壁内，所以能够充分利用缸体11的侧壁内部空间，避免了因机油泵31凸出于缸体11，而导致发动机占用较大的空间。并且，由于机油泵31套接在曲轴12上，所以使得机油泵31直接与曲轴12传动连接，所以减少了一套链条驱动系统，进一步减小了整个发动机的体积。
可选地，缸体11的侧壁具有相互相连的曲轴通孔111和限位槽112。限位槽112的槽口位于缸体11的内壁，曲轴通孔111位于限位槽112内，且曲轴通孔111与限位槽112同轴布置。机油泵31位于限位槽112内，且与缸体11的侧壁连接。曲轴12的端部插接在曲轴通孔111中。
在上述实现方式中，曲轴通孔111用于安装曲轴12，限位槽112用于固定安装机油泵31，这样便可简单的实现机油泵31与曲轴12之间的连接，同时使得机油泵31装配在缸体11上。
需要说明的是，为了展示曲轴通孔111和限位槽112，图1中隐藏了限位槽112的槽底。在本实施例中，曲轴通孔111位于限位槽112的槽底，贯通缸体11 的内部空间和外部空间，使得曲轴12能够由缸体11的内部伸出，从而实现与机油泵31之间的传动连接。示例性的，曲轴12与机油泵31之间通过齿轮传动连接。
继续参见图2，可选地，润滑系统3还包括主油道32，主油道32包括第一主油道321和第二主油道322。第一主油道321位于油底壳2内，且与油底壳2的内壁相连，第一主油道321的第一端与机油泵31的出油口相连，第二主油道322位于缸体11内，第二主油道322的第一端与第一主油道321的第二端相连，第二主油道322的第二端与向气缸1的润滑腔相连。
由于主油道32的第一部分位于气缸1的侧壁内部，主油道32的第二部分位于油底壳2的侧壁内部，也就是说，仅有第一部分的主油道32位于气缸1的侧壁内部，而第二部分的主油道32则是利用油底壳2的内部空间进行容纳，从而大大降低了整个主油道32的加工难度和成本，进而降低了该发动机的加工成本。
在本公开实施例中，第一主油道321与机油泵31的出油口相连，用于输出润滑油，同时，通过第一主油道321位于油底壳2内，节约开发成本。第二主油道322用于将第一主油道321中的润滑油输送到气缸1的润滑腔内。润滑腔是指发动机内，需要输入润滑油的腔体，比如曲轴12所处的腔体等。
继续参见图2，可选地，油底壳2包括底板25、依次相连的第一侧板21、第二侧板22、第三侧板23、第四侧板24，底板25分别与第一侧板21、第二侧板22、第三侧板23和第四侧板24的同一侧边相连。
第一主油道321包括依次相相连的油底壳第一竖向段3211、油底壳横向段3212和油底壳第二竖向段3213。油底壳第一竖向段3211位于第一侧板21上，且与第一侧板21连接，油底壳第一竖向段3211与机油泵31的出油口相连。油底壳横向段3212位于底板25上，且与底板25连接。油底壳第二竖向段3213位于第二侧板22上，且与第二侧板22连接，油底壳第二竖向段3213与第二主油道322的第二端相连。
在上述实现方式中，第一侧板21、第二侧板22、第三侧板23、第四侧板24和底板25能够简单的围成一个具有开口的空腔结构，这样能够使得油底壳2回收和盛放润滑油。
而将油底壳第一竖向段3211沿着第一侧板21布置，油底壳横向段3212沿着 底板25布置，油底壳第二竖向段3213沿着第二侧板22布置，这样能够使得第一主油道321按照现有的油底壳2的本身结构进行布置，进而降低整个主油道32的开发成本。
本实施例中，油底壳第一竖向段3211和油底壳第二竖向段3213相互平行布置，油底壳横向段3212位于油底壳第一竖向段3211和油底壳第二竖向段3213之间，油底壳横向段3212为L型结构，其中油底壳横向段3212的折弯处位于油底壳2的一个角部位置。这样能够以油底壳2的内壁为基准进行布置，大大降低第一主油道321的加工成本。
继续参见图2，可选地，发动机还包括机油滤清器4，机油滤清器4位于缸体11的一侧。第二主油道322包括缸体第一油道3221和缸体第二油道3222。
缸体第一油道3221的第一端与油底壳第二竖向段3213的第二端相连，缸体第一油道3221的第二端与机油滤清器4进油口相连。缸体第二油道3222的第一端与机油滤清器4的出油口相连，缸体第二油道3222的第二端与气缸1的润滑腔相连。
在上述实现方式中，机油滤清器4用于对润滑油进行冷却和过滤，机油滤清器4与缸体第一油道3221相连，缸体第一油道3221输送的润滑油经过机油滤清器4的冷却和过滤后，再输送至缸体第二油道3222，通过缸体第二油道3222将干净冷却后的润滑油进入到气缸1的润滑腔的内部，避免润滑油中的杂质堵塞发动机的润滑腔。
本实施例中，缸体第一油道3221为倒U型结构，缸体第二油道3222为倒L型结构件，这样方便第二主油道322的布置和加工。
示例性地，机油滤清器4包括滤清器本体41和机油开关42。滤清器本体41与缸体11的外壁相连，机油滤清器4的进油口与出油口位于滤清器本体41上。机油开关42与所述滤清器本体41相连，且机油开关42的感应端位于缸体第二油道3222内部。
滤清器本体41用于对润滑油进行过滤、冷却。润滑油在流动的过程中油压会减小，润滑油刚从滤清器本体41的出油口处流出处，必须具有一定的油压，也就是此处油压最大，通过机油开关42将滤清器本体41的出油口处的油压进行监测，可以确保整个发动机的正常工作。当机油开关42检测到滤清器本体41的出油口处的油压为0或者低于实际需求的最低值(一般根据实际工况进行设定)， 则机油开关42自动发出警报，提示工作人员，同时将滤清器本体41的出油口处的油压以电信号的形式反馈给机油泵31，机油泵31接收电信号，根据电信号所指示的油压，重新控制机油泵31的出油口的油压，以便重新调整润滑油的油压，从而对发动机的各个部分进行润滑，实现发动机的内部润滑油的油压的实时调整。
滤清器本体41是由冷却器和滤清器集成一体形成的部件，本公开实施例提供的滤清器本体41直接把冷却器和滤清器集成一体，这不仅有效降低了减少了发动机的成本，而且使得发动机的布置更加紧凑。
图3是本公开实施例提供的润滑系统的结构示意图，结合图3，可选地，主油道32还包括曲轴油道323。曲轴油道323位于缸体11的内部，且曲轴油道323与第二主油道322相连，曲轴油道323用于向曲轴12的外壁输送润滑油，曲轴油道323的延伸方向与曲轴12的轴向相同。
曲轴油道323用于向曲轴12输送润滑油，以便对曲轴12的外壁进行润滑和冷却。
以上所说的曲轴油道323位于缸体11的内部，是指曲轴油道323直接通过铸造的方式开设在缸体11的侧壁内部。
继续参见图3，示例性地，曲轴油道323上连接有多个曲轴出油管3231和多个呈环形的曲轴轴径3232，曲轴出油管3231和曲轴轴径3232一一对应布置。曲轴出油管3231沿曲轴油道323的延伸方向间隔布置，曲轴出油管3231的第一端与曲轴油道323相连，曲轴出油管3231的第二端与对应的曲轴轴径3232相连。曲轴轴径3232同轴套在曲轴12的外壁上。曲轴轴径3232中均具有供润滑油流动的流通孔。
润滑油通过曲轴油道323，流动至曲轴出油管3231，然后到达曲轴轴径3232。在曲轴12转动的过程中，润滑油通过曲轴轴径3232中的流通孔到达曲轴12的外壁中，以对曲轴12进行润滑，这样便可减小曲轴12与曲轴12外部套接的轴瓦之间的摩擦力。
图4是本公开实施例提供的缸盖和轴承盖的结构示意图，结合图4，可选地，气缸1还包括缸盖13和凸轮轴14。其中，缸盖13密封罩盖在缸体11的顶部。凸轮轴14可转动地插接在缸盖13内。凸轮轴14的轴线与曲轴12的轴线平行布置。
再次参见图3，主油道32还包括连接油道324凸轮轴油道325，连接油道324第一部分位于缸体11内，且端部与曲轴油道323相连。连接油道324第二部分位于缸盖13内，且端部与凸轮轴油道325相连，凸轮轴油道325位于缸盖13内，且凸轮轴油道325的延伸方向与曲轴油道323的延伸方向相同。
缸盖13用于与缸体11连接，以便对缸体11进行密封。凸轮轴14的作用是控制缸体11内气缸室的气门的开启和闭合动作。凸轮轴14在发动机中顺畅地转动，才能够保证发动机的正常运转。连接油道324用于与曲轴油道323相连，以便将润滑油引入到凸轮轴油道325内。通过凸轮轴油道325向凸轮轴14输送润滑油，使得凸轮轴14能够顺畅地转动。
本实施例中，凸轮轴油道325包括进气侧凸轮轴油道3251、排气侧凸轮轴油道3252和凸轮轴连通油道3253，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251和排气侧凸轮轴油道3252相互平行且相对布置。进气侧凸轮轴油道3251、排气侧凸轮轴油道3252的延伸方向与曲轴油道323的延伸方向相同，凸轮轴连通油道3253将进气侧凸轮轴油道3251、排气侧凸轮轴油道3252相连，且凸轮轴连通油道3253的中部与连接油道324相连。
由于凸轮轴14为两根，即为进气侧凸轮轴和排气侧凸轮轴，所以，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251用于向进气侧凸轮轴输送润滑油，排气侧凸轮轴油道3252用于向排气侧凸轮轴输送润滑油，凸轮轴连通油道3253用于与连接油道324相连，以将润滑油输送至进气侧凸轮轴油道3251、排气侧凸轮轴油道3252。
本实施例中，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251和排气侧凸轮轴油道3252结构相同，这里仅仅简单介绍一下进气侧凸轮轴油道3251的具体结构。
可选地，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251的侧壁上具有多个与进气侧凸轮轴油道3251内腔相连的进气侧凸轮轴出油管32511，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251中的润滑油通过进气侧凸轮轴出油管32511对进气侧凸轮轴进行润滑。
本实施例中，多个进气侧凸轮轴出油管32511均匀间隔布置进气侧凸轮轴油道3251的侧壁上，这样能够使得润滑油能够均匀地进入到进气侧凸轮轴中。
进气侧凸轮轴出油管32511上还连接有弧形的进气侧凸轮轴出油板32512，进气侧凸轮轴出油板32512能够将润滑油输送至进气侧凸轮轴的侧壁上。在进气侧凸轮轴转动的过程中，这样便可以减小进气侧凸轮轴在转动时与缸盖13之间的摩擦力。
进气侧凸轮轴油道3251的侧壁上具有多个与进气侧凸轮轴油道3251内腔相连的进气侧液压挺柱出油管32513，进气侧凸轮轴油道3251中的润滑油通过进气侧液压挺柱出油管32513输送到液压挺柱处，对进气侧的液压挺柱进行润滑。
本实施例中，连接油道324、曲轴油道323也是通过铸造的方式开设在缸体11以及缸盖13的内壁中。
再次参见图4，可选地，气缸1还包括轴承盖15，轴承盖15位于缸盖13的一侧，且与缸盖13相连。主油道32还包括轴承油道326，轴承油道326位于轴承盖15内，轴承油道326与连接油道324相连。
轴承盖15用于与凸轮轴14上的轴承配合，以密封轴承。同时，轴承盖15上设有凸轮轴相位器，凸轮轴相位器上的OVC阀与轴承油道326相连，这样便可通过凸轮轴相位器上的OVC阀控制相位器内部的油路，进而根据实现情况对凸轮轴相位器进行润滑。
再次参见图3，可选地，轴承油道326中设有单向阀3261，单向阀3261的进油口与连接油道324相连，单向阀3261的出油口与轴承盖15的内部相连。
单向阀3261能够减少发动机缸盖13中凸轮轴油道325中的机油的回流，这样当再次启动发动机时，缸盖13的充油时间能够降低，进而有效减少缸盖13的轴承副的磨损情况。
可选地，发动机还包括机油收集器5和输入弯管6，机油收集器5位于油底壳2内。
输入弯管6位于缸体11和油底壳2之间，输入弯管6的一端与机油收集器5的出油口相连，输入弯管6的另一端与机油泵31的进油口相连。
在本公开实施例中，润滑油在润滑完后会流向油底壳2。机油收集器5用于收集油底壳2中的润滑油，且机油收集器5通过输入弯管6与机油泵31的进油口相连，使得机油泵31将流向油底壳2的润滑油输出，进行再次润滑，保障发动机形成一个循环系统。
输入弯管6能够灵活调整发动机的布置角度，如若发动机在使用时需要调整机油收集器5的吸油点，此时，仅通过更改输入弯管6即可，这样便可有效减少部件的更改成本。
本实施例中，机油收集器5为金属收集器。这样能够延长机油收集器5的使用寿命。
可选地，主油道32还包括增压器油道327，增压器油道327位于缸体11内，且增压器油道327位于曲轴油道323的轴向的一侧，增压器油道327用于向增压器输送润滑油，增压器油道327与曲轴油道323相连。
曲轴油道323中的润滑油通过增压器油道327流向发动机的涡轮增压器，为涡轮增压器提供润滑。布置增压器油道327，能够减少了后期油道的布置难度，同时将增压器油道327与曲轴油道323相连，方便布置增压器油道327。
在本公开实施例中，为了减少加工成本，以上所说的油道分别采用铸造方式处理，这样一方面能够使得油路设计的更加灵活自如，另一方面减少了油道加工的成本。
与此同时，各个油道的末端需要密封时，均可以通过拉铆工艺、碗型塞等进行密封。
以上所述仅为本公开的可选实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发动机，其特征在于，所述发动机包括气缸(1)、油底壳(2)和润滑系统(3)；
    所述气缸(1)包括缸体(11)和曲轴(12)，所述曲轴(12)可转动地插接在所述缸体(11)内；
    所述油底壳(2)与所述缸体(11)连接；
    所述润滑系统(3)包括机油泵(31)，所述机油泵(31)装嵌在所述缸体(11)的侧壁内，且所述机油泵(31)套接在所述曲轴(12)上，以与所述曲轴(12)传动连接，所述机油泵(31)的进油口与所述油底壳(2)的内部相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述缸体(11)的侧壁具有相互相连的曲轴通孔(111)和限位槽(112)；
    所述限位槽(112)的槽口位于所述缸体(11)的内壁；
    所述曲轴通孔(111)位于所述限位槽(112)内，且所述曲轴通孔(111)与所述限位槽(112)同轴布置；
    所述机油泵(31)位于所述限位槽(112)内，且与所述缸体(11)的侧壁连接；
    所述曲轴(12)的端部插接在所述曲轴通孔(111)中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述润滑系统(3)还包括主油道(32)，所述主油道(32)包括第一主油道(321)和第二主油道(322)；
    所述第一主油道(321)位于所述油底壳(2)内，且与所述油底壳(2)的内壁相连，所述第一主油道(321)的第一端与所述机油泵(31)的出油口相连；
    所述第二主油道(322)位于所述缸体(11)内，所述第二主油道(322)的第一端与所述第一主油道(321)的第二端相连，所述第二主油道(322)的第二端与所述气缸(1)的润滑腔相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述油底壳(2)包括底板(25)和依次相连的第一侧板(21)、第二侧板(22)、第三侧板(23)、第 四侧板(24)，所述底板(25)分别与所述第一侧板(21)、所述第二侧板(22)、所述第三侧板(23)和所述第四侧板(24)的同一侧边相连；
    所述第一主油道(321)包括依次相连的油底壳第一竖向段(3211)、油底壳横向段(3212)和油底壳第二竖向段(3213)；
    所述油底壳第一竖向段(3211)与所述第一侧板(21)连接，所述油底壳第一竖向段(3211)与所述机油泵(31)的出油口相连；
    所述油底壳横向段(3212)与所述底板(25)连接；
    所述油底壳第二竖向段(3213)与所述第二侧板(22)连接，所述油底壳第二竖向段(3213)与所述第二主油道(322)的第二端相连。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述发动机还包括机油滤清器(4)，所述机油滤清器(4)位于所述缸体(11)的一侧；
    所述第二主油道(322)包括缸体第一油道(3221)和缸体第二油道(3222)；
    所述缸体第一油道(3221)的第一端与所述油底壳第二竖向段(3213)的第二端相连，所述缸体第一油道(3221)的第二端与所述机油滤清器(4)进油口相连；
    所述缸体第二油道(3222)的第一端与所述机油滤清器(4)的出油口相连，所述缸体第二油道(3222)的第二端与所述气缸(1)的润滑腔相连。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述机油滤清器(4)包括滤清器本体(41)和机油开关(42)；
    所述滤清器本体(41)与所述缸体(11)的外壁相连；
    所述机油开关(42)与所述滤清器本体(41)相连，且所述机油开关(42)的感应端位于所述缸体第二油道(3222)内部。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述主油道(32)还包括曲轴油道(323)；
    所述曲轴油道(323)位于所述缸体(11)的内部，且所述曲轴油道(323)与所述第二主油道(322)相连，所述曲轴油道(323)的延伸方向与所述曲轴(12)的轴向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述气缸(1)还包括缸盖(13)和凸轮轴(14)；
    所述缸盖(13)密封罩设在所述缸体(11)的顶部，所述凸轮轴(14)可转动地插接在所述缸盖(13)内部，所述凸轮轴(14)与所述曲轴(12)平行布置；
    所述主油道(32)还包括连接油道(324)和凸轮轴油道(325)，所述连接油道(324)第一部分位于所述缸体(11)内，且端部与所述曲轴油道(323)相连，所述连接油道(324)第二部分位于所述缸盖(13)内，且端部与所述凸轮轴油道(325)相连；
    所述凸轮轴油道(325)位于所述缸盖(13)内，且所述凸轮轴油道(325)的延伸方向与所述曲轴油道(323)的延伸方向相同。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述气缸(1)还包括轴承盖(15)，所述轴承盖(15)位于所述缸盖(13)的一侧，且与所述缸盖(13)相连；
    所述主油道(32)还包括轴承油道(326)，所述轴承油道(326)位于所述轴承盖(15)内，所述轴承油道(326)与所述连接油道(324)相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的发动机，其特征在于，所述发动机还包括机油收集器(5)和输入弯管(6)；
    所述机油收集器(5)位于所述油底壳(2)内；
    所述输入弯管(6)位于所述缸体(11)和所述油底壳(2)之间，所述输入弯管(6)的一端与所述机油收集器(5)的出油口相连，所述输入弯管(6)的另一端与所述机油泵(31)的进油口相连。
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