Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
  • C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
  • C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
  • C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
  • C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2201/00—Properties
  • C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2203/00—Applications
  • C08L2203/12—Applications used for fibers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2203/00—Applications
  • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2203/00—Applications
  • C08L2203/30—Applications used for thermoforming

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a resin composition containing starch and a vinyl alcohol polymer, which has excellent mechanical properties and exhibits high water solubility, and a molded article composed of the composition.
• Vinyl alcohol-based polymers are used in binders, packages, and sheets by utilizing their excellent film properties (mechanical strength, oil resistance, film-forming properties, oxygen gas barrier properties, etc.) and/or hydrophilicity resulting from their high crystallinity. , containers, etc.
• the resin composition is sometimes obtained by blending the starch and the vinyl alcohol polymer for the purpose of reducing the total cost of the composition.
• Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 examples include a resin composition containing starch modified with a phosphate ester or the like (Patent Document 1), a resin composition containing starch grafted with (meth)acrylic acids (Patent Document 2), Resin compositions containing ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers and silk fibroin as additives (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2) are known.
• Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not pay attention to the ratio of amylose and amylopectin that constitute starch, and the water solubility of the resin composition may be greatly reduced.
• the resin compositions described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 have low water solubility due to the low water solubility of the vinyl alcohol polymer itself and the low water solubility of the additives. Results are disclosed showing that the composition is not completely soluble in water. Therefore, it has been difficult to use these resin compositions in applications requiring high water solubility.
• an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition having excellent mechanical properties and exhibiting high water solubility, and a molded article thereof. It is in.
• a resin composition according to [1] wherein the starch (B) is a modified starch having a degree of substitution greater than 0 and 3 or less.
• the resin composition of the present invention contains a modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) having an anionic group and starch (B).
• the resin composition of the present invention contains a modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) having an anionic group.
• Anionic groups include carboxyl groups, sulfonate groups and/or phosphate groups and salts thereof.
• the anionic group is preferably a group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a sulfonate group, and salts thereof, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility of the resin composition.
• a carboxyl group and a salt thereof are particularly preferred.
• the method for introducing an anionic group into the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) of the present invention is not particularly limited. Examples include a method of copolymerizing a monomer having a group and saponifying it.
• Monomers having an anionic group are not particularly limited, but maleic acid or its salts, maleic acid esters such as monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, and diethyl maleate; itaconic acid or its salts, monomethyl itaconate, Itaconic acid esters such as dimethyl itaconate, monoethyl itaconate and diethyl itaconate; Fumaric acid or its salts, fumarate esters such as monomethyl fumarate, dimethyl fumarate, monoethyl fumarate and diethyl fumarate; Maleic anhydride, itacon anhydride Acids or derivatives thereof; acrylic acid or its salts, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl
• maleic acid monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, itaconic acid, monomethyl itaconate, dimethyl itaconate, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, from the viewpoint of the water solubility of the molded article of the resin composition.
• Methyl acid is preferred.
• Such a monomer having a carboxyl group may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• vinyl ester monomer examples include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl pivalate and vinyl versatate. , especially vinyl acetate.
• the modified amount of the anionic group in the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) is preferably 0.1 mol % or more, more preferably 0.5 mol %, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility of the resin composition and molded article. Above, more preferably 1.0 mol % or more, still more preferably 1.5 mol % or more, particularly preferably 2.0 mol % or more, and even more preferably 2.5 mol % or more. From the viewpoint of easily improving the mechanical properties of the molded article obtained from the resin composition, the content is preferably 10 mol % or less, more preferably 7 mol % or less, and even more preferably 6 mol % or less.
• the modified amount can be calculated by measuring 1 H-NMR of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer and calculating the modified amount (mol %) of the anionic group according to the method described in JP-A-2000-309607, for example.
• the viscosity-average degree of polymerization of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more, and still more preferably 500 or more, from the viewpoint of easily improving the mechanical properties of the molded article obtained from the resin composition. is. From the viewpoint of water solubility, it is preferably 3,000 or less, more preferably 2,500 or less, and even more preferably 2,000 or less.
• the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) can be measured according to JIS K 6726-1994.
• the degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) is preferably 60 to 100 mol%, more preferably 70 to 99, from the viewpoint of easily improving the mechanical properties and water solubility of the molded article obtained from the resin composition. .9 mol %, more preferably 80 to 99.7 mol %.
• the lower limit of the degree of saponification of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) may be, for example, 85 mol% or more, 90 mol% or more, or 95 mol% or more.
• the degree of saponification of the vinyl alcohol polymer can be measured according to the description of JIS K 6726-1994.
• the resin composition of the present invention comprises a modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) having an anionic group and starch (B), and the starch (B) has an amylopectin content of 50 to 100% by mass. If the amylopectin content of the starch is less than 50% by mass, it will be difficult to increase the water solubility of the resin composition, and moldability will also deteriorate.
• the amylopectin content of starch is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 75% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility and mechanical properties of the resin composition and molded article.
• amylopectin content means the mass ratio of amylopectin when the total mass of amylose and amylopectin contained in starch is taken as 100% by mass.
• the amylopectin content can be determined by a colorimetric method using an iodine reactant or by a method described in Carbohydrate Research, Vol. 180, 301-313 and Starch/Starke, Vol. 42, 302-305, etc., using concanavalin A.
• the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the amylopectin content is 50% by mass or more.
• Examples include corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch, rice starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, and sago palm starch. , soybean starch, arrowroot starch, bracken starch, lotus starch, cassava starch, waxy corn starch, high-amylose corn starch, commercially available amylose powder, and modified versions thereof.
• modified starch include cationic starch, pregelatinized starch, etherified starch, acetylated starch, modified amylose corn starch, esterified high amylose corn starch, and hydrophobized waxy starch.
• amylopectin content is 50% by mass or more in the case of corn starch, for example.
• starch for example, commercially available starch such as corn starch having an amylopectin content of 50% by mass or more may be used, or the amylopectin content may be adjusted to 50% by mass or more.
• Starch is preferably selected from the group consisting of corn, rice flour, tapioca and waxy corn, more preferably from the group consisting of corn, tapioca and waxy corn, from the viewpoint of processability.
• the resin composition of the present invention may contain one type of starch, or may contain two or more types of starch.
• the amylopectin content of the starch should be 50% by mass or more.
• the amylopectin content of the entire starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention should be 50% by mass or more.
• the weighted average of the amylopectin content of each of the two or more types of starch contained in the resin composition may be used as the amylopectin content of the entire starch, or the amylopectin content measured for the mixture of two or more types of starch may be It may be the amylopectin content of the entire starch.
• the amylopectin content of the entire starch can be calculated from the amylopectin content of each starch by the following formula when calculating by weighted average.
• Amylopectin content (mass%) as whole starch ⁇ (n a i ⁇ M a i)/100 n a i: amylopectin content of each starch (% by mass) M a i: Proportion of each starch in total starch (% by mass)
• the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably a modified starch having a modifying group, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility and mechanical properties of the resin composition and molded article.
• the modifying group includes a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a hydroxypropyl group), an alkyl ester group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a carboxymethyl group and/or a phosphate ester group.
• the starch contained in the resin composition is preferably a hydroxyalkylated starch having a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a starch having a carboxymethyl group, more preferably a hydroxy It is ethylated starch, hydroxypropylated starch or starch having a carboxymethyl group, more preferably hydroxypropylated starch.
• the starch is preferably a hydroxyalkylated starch having a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility and mechanical properties of the film. or a starch having a carboxymethyl group, more preferably a hydroxyethylated starch, a hydroxypropylated starch or a starch having a carboxymethyl group, still more preferably a hydroxypropylated starch.
• the starch is preferably a hydroxyalkylated starch having a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of easily improving the moldability and the mechanical properties of the fiber.
• Starch or alkyl-esterified starch having an alkyl ester group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms more preferably hydroxyethylated starch, hydroxypropylated starch or alkyl-esterified starch having an alkyl ester group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. and more preferably hydroxypropylated starch.
• the degree of substitution in the starch is preferably 0.05 to 0.5.
• the degree of substitution is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, and still more preferably 0.15 or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water solubility and mechanical properties of the resin composition and molded article. Also, it is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, and still more preferably 0.3 or less.
• the degree of substitution in starch can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples.
• the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably not a grafted starch grafted with a monomer such as (meth)acrylic acid, particularly an acrylic monomer.
• the proportion of grafted starch in the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably 0.7% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.2% by mass, based on the total amount of starch. % by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1% by mass or less.
• the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably not oxidized starch.
• the proportion of oxidized starch in the starch contained in the resin composition of the present invention is preferably 0.7% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.2% by mass, based on the total amount of starch. % or less, and more preferably 0.1 mass % or less.
• the resin composition of the present invention contains a modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) having an anionic group and starch (B), and the mass ratio of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) to starch (B) is A/B) is preferably 15/85 to 70/30, more preferably 15/85 to 65/35, even more preferably 20/80 to 60/40.
• A/B is within the above range, it is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent balance between water solubility and mechanical properties.
• the higher the ratio of starch (B) to the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) the better.
• the biomass ratio of the raw material can also be improved by using, for example, a modified vinyl alcohol polymer prepared using biomass-derived vinyl acetate as the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A).
• the mass ratio (A/B) of the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer (A) and the starch (B) may be calculated from the mixing ratio of each raw material when producing the resin composition. You may calculate by fractionating and analyzing the resin composition which comprises a body by a liquid chromatography etc. For example, the mass ratio (A/B) of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and starch (B) is 30/70 to 70/30, 35/65 to 65/35, 40/60 to 60/40, etc. may be
• the total mass of the starch and vinyl alcohol polymer contained in the resin composition of the present invention may be appropriately set according to the use of the molded article obtained from the resin composition of the present invention and the properties required for the molded article. , From the viewpoint of easily improving the water solubility and mechanical properties of the resin composition and the molded article, based on the total amount of the resin composition of the present invention, preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 85% by mass or more, particularly preferably 90% by mass or more.
• the resin composition of the present invention By using the resin composition of the present invention, molded articles with high transparency, such as films and fibers, can be produced. Such a molded article, for example, when it is a film, has an advantage that it is easy to improve the visibility of the contents. From this viewpoint, the haze of the resin composition of the present invention is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, still more preferably 15% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. The haze of a resin composition can be measured, for example, by molding the resin composition into a film shape, preferably in the shape of a film having a thickness of about 50 ⁇ m.
• an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving the resin composition of the present invention in an appropriate solvent is added to a resin film (for example, polyethylene terephthalate film), followed by drying to obtain a film.
• the resin composition of the present invention may contain a plasticizer in addition to the starch and the vinyl alcohol polymer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
• the type and amount of the plasticizer that is optionally contained in the resin composition of the present invention can be determined in consideration of the use and moldability of the molded article composed of the composition.
• plasticizers include, but are not limited to, glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, 1,3-butanediol, sorbitol, fructose, xylitol, and the like.
• Polyhydric alcohols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol
• polyvinylamides such as polyvinylpyrrolidone
• amide compounds such as N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethylacetamide
• water or the like can use 1 type(s) or 2 or more types.
• plasticizers glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone are preferably used for the purpose of improving water solubility.
• the content of the plasticizer is preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass, based on the total mass of the starch, vinyl alcohol polymer and plasticizer. % by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, even more preferably 15% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 10% by mass or less.
• the resin composition of the present invention may contain a surfactant, if necessary, in addition to the starch and vinyl alcohol polymer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
• the type of surfactant is not particularly limited, but anionic or nonionic surfactants are preferred.
• suitable anionic surfactants include carboxylic acid type anionic surfactants such as potassium laurate; sulfuric acid ester type such as octyl sulfate; and sulfonic acid type anionic surfactants such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
• nonionic surfactants include alkyl ether types such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; alkylphenyl ether types such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether; and alkyl ester types such as polyoxyethylene laurate.
• alkylamine type such as polyoxyethylene lauryl amino ether
• alkylamide type such as polyoxyethylene lauric acid amide
• polypropylene glycol ether type such as polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether
• alkanolamide type such as oleic acid diethanolamide
• Nonionic surfactants such as allyl phenyl ether types such as oxyalkylene allyl phenyl ether are preferred.
• the content of the surfactant is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the starch, vinyl alcohol polymer, and plasticizer. is 2% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less.
• an inorganic filler In the resin composition of the present invention, in addition to the starch and vinyl alcohol-based polymer described above, an inorganic filler is blended for the purpose of an antiblocking agent or the like as necessary, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. be able to.
• inorganic fillers include silica, silica, heavy, light or surface-treated calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, diatomaceous earth, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zeolite, zinc oxide, silicic acid, and silicates. , mica, magnesium carbonate, kaolin, halloysite, pyrophyllite, sericite and other clays, and talc.
• the resin composition of the present invention contains an inorganic filler
• the content may vary depending on the purpose of adding the inorganic filler. , preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass or less, and even more preferably 10% by mass or less.
• the resin composition of the present invention contains other components in addition to the above starch and vinyl alcohol polymer, and optionally contained plasticizers, surfactants and inorganic fillers, to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. may contain.
• Optional other components include, for example, vinyl alcohol-based polymers and polymers other than starch, cross-linking agents, antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids, antistatic agents, colorants, impact resistance aids, and foaming agents.
• Various additives such as When the resin composition of the present invention contains the resin component and various additives, the content thereof is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass, based on the total mass of the starch and the vinyl alcohol polymer. % or less, more preferably 10 mass % or less.
• the present invention also provides a molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention.
• the shape of the molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and it can be molded into various forms, such as films, fibers, laminates, and coated articles for paper.
• the shaped bodies are preferably films or fibers, and may be, for example, water-soluble films or water-soluble fibers.
• the method for producing a molded article using the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the resin composition of the present invention can be processed by various conventionally known production methods to produce a molded article.
• the content of the resin composition of the present invention in the molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention is from the viewpoint of easily improving the mechanical properties and water solubility of the molded article by taking advantage of the mechanical properties and water solubility of the resin composition. , Based on the mass of the molded article, preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 70% by mass or more, even more preferably 80% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 90% by mass or more . Moreover, the upper limit of this content is 100 mass % or less.
• the molded article of the present invention may be a molded article composed of the resin composition of the present invention.
• a film-forming method generally used for film-forming such as a casting film-forming method, a wet film-forming method, or a dry film-forming method, is used.
• a film-forming method such as a casting film-forming method, a wet film-forming method, or a dry film-forming method.
• an extrusion film-forming method such as a melt film-forming method, a coating method, a casting method, an inflation film-forming method, and the like.
• the shaped bodies can be prepared, for example, by the following steps: (1) resin solution preparation step of obtaining a resin solution containing starch, a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer, a solvent, and optionally a plasticizer and other components; (2) a coating film forming step of coating the resin solution on a substrate and removing the solvent to obtain a coating film; (3) If necessary, it can be produced by a production method including at least a peeling step of peeling the coating film from the substrate.
• the resin composition of the present invention is a composition composed of solid components in the above resin solution.
• a resin solution is prepared by mixing starch, a polyvinyl alcohol polymer, a solvent, and, if necessary, a plasticizer.
• the solvent include water, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), glycerin, ethylene glycol, mixed solvents thereof, and the like. It is preferable to use water as the solvent from the viewpoint of the solubility of the polymer and the ease of removing the solvent.
• the resin solution is preferably prepared by dissolving the starch, the polyvinyl alcohol polymer, the solvent, and optionally the plasticizer using a batch-type dissolution tank and/or an extruder.
• the temperature of the dissolving tank is preferably about 60 to 150°C.
• the coating film is obtained by applying the resin solution onto the substrate and then removing the solvent.
• the casting surface may be any smooth and hard material such as steel, aluminum, glass, polymers (eg, polyolefin, polyethylene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyhalocarbon, etc.).
• the evaporation rate of the aqueous solvent can be increased by heating the casting surface or exposing the deposited solution to, for example, heated air or infrared radiation.
• the casting surface may be flat or obtained by making it on a standard (drum type) industrial filmmaking casting machine and then oven drying.
• the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the solvent, but is preferably 50 to 200°C, more preferably 60 to 150°C. Hot air may be used to remove the solvent, or heating under vacuum conditions may be used.
• the peeling step (3) may be performed as necessary, and a film containing the resin composition of the present invention is obtained by peeling the dry film from the substrate.
• the molded article according to the invention when the molded article according to the invention is a fiber, the molded article is subjected to, for example, the following steps: (1) a spinning stock solution preparation step for obtaining a spinning stock solution containing starch, a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer, a solvent, and optionally a plasticizer and other components; (2) an undrawn fiber forming step of extruding the spinning dope into dry air to remove the solvent to form undrawn fibers; (3) It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including at least a drawing step of drawing the undrawn fibers.
• the spinning dope is prepared by mixing the starch, the polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer, the solvent described above for the resin solution, and, if necessary, the plasticizer. It is preferable to use water as the solvent from the viewpoint of the solubility of the polymer and the ease of removing the solvent.
• the spinning dope is preferably prepared by dissolving starch, polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer, solvent, and optionally a plasticizer using a batch-type dissolving tank and/or an extruder.
• the temperature of the dissolution tank is preferably about 100-150°C.
• undrawn fibers are formed from the spinning stock solution obtained in step (1) by a dry spinning method.
• Dry spinning methods include extruding a spinning stock solution through a nozzle into heated dry air to evaporate off the solvent to form fibers.
• the dried fibers may be wound using a winding device or the like.
• the number of holes in the nozzle is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 10-1000.
• the temperature of the dry air is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the solvent, but is preferably 50 to 200°C, more preferably 60 to 150°C.
• the undrawn fibers obtained in step (2) are drawn.
• the draw ratio is preferably 1.1 times or more, more preferably 3.0 times or more, still more preferably 3.5 times or more, and even more preferably 4.0 times. above, particularly preferably 4.5 times or more, particularly more preferably 5.0 times or more.
• the stretching temperature is preferably 100° C. or higher, more preferably 110° C. or higher, still more preferably 120° C. or higher, and preferably 200° C. or lower, more preferably 190° C. or lower, still more preferably 180° C. or lower.
• the stretching time is preferably 5 seconds or longer, more preferably 10 seconds or longer, and preferably 60 seconds or shorter, more preferably 40 seconds or shorter.
• the stretching can be carried out by a conventional method, for example, the stretching may be carried out in a hot air oven.
• a molded article composed of the resin composition of the present invention exhibits excellent mechanical properties and has high water solubility, so it can be used as various molded articles.
• the molded article of the present invention is a film
• the film can be used as a packaging material, particularly a packaging material containing chemicals (detergents, agricultural chemicals, disinfectants, etc.).
• the fiber can also be used as various fiber structures. For example, it can be processed into fiber structures such as cut fibers, filaments, spun yarns, fabrics (woven and knitted fabrics, dry nonwoven fabrics, wet nonwoven fabrics), ropes, cords and the like.
• the film When the molded article of the present invention is a film, the film preferably further has high transparency. A film with high transparency has the advantage of easily increasing the visibility of the contents. In this case, the haze of the film of the present invention is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, even more preferably 15% or less, still more preferably 10% or less.
• its thickness may be appropriately determined according to the application, and is not particularly limited. may be 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, and the like. Moreover, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the strength, the thickness may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
• a molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used for the following uses, for example. filters for air, oil and water; filters for vacuum cleaners; filters for furnaces; face masks; coffee filters, tea or coffee bags; Biodegradable textile fabrics for improving water absorption and softness of garments such as microfibers or breathable fabrics; electrostatically charged structural webs for dust collection and removal; stiffeners and wrappers.
• writing paper, newsprint, corrugated paperboard, and tissue webs such as toilet paper, paper towels, napkins and tissues; surgical drapes, wound dressings, bandages, or skin patches and medical applications such as self-dissolving sutures; dental applications such as dental floss and toothbrush bristles; agricultural applications such as greenhouses, tunnels, weed control films; Packaging applications such as plastic bags, packaging materials, food trays, bags, etc.
• odor absorbers may be added to molded articles containing the resin composition of the present invention.
• the resulting compacts absorb water and oil and may be used in water and oil spill cleanup or controlled water retention and water release applications for agriculture or horticulture.
• the resin compositions of the present invention are incorporated into other materials such as sawdust, wood pulp, plastics, and concrete to produce building materials such as walls, support beams, press plates, drywall and linings, and ceiling tiles. It may be a composite material used for It may be incorporated into other medical applications such as casts, splints, and tongue depressors, as well as logs for fireplace decoration and/or burning.
• Viscosity average degree of polymerization and degree of saponification The viscosity average degree of polymerization and the degree of saponification of each modified vinyl alcohol polymer were obtained by the method described in JIS K 6726 (1994).
• the polymerization was allowed to proceed while a 10 mass % methanol solution of methyl acrylate was added dropwise while analyzing the solid content concentration of the polymerization system. After 90 parts by mass of a 10% by mass methanol solution of methyl acrylate was almost evenly added dropwise within 220 minutes from the initiation of polymerization, the polymerization was terminated by cooling to room temperature. Next, unreacted vinyl acetate monomer was removed under reduced pressure to prepare a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
• PVAc polyvinyl acetate
• the polymerization was allowed to proceed while a 10 mass % methanol solution of methyl acrylate was added dropwise while analyzing the solid content concentration of the polymerization system. After 79 parts by mass of a 10% by mass methanol solution of methyl acrylate was almost evenly added dropwise within 250 minutes from the initiation of polymerization, the polymerization was terminated by cooling to room temperature. Next, unreacted vinyl acetate monomer was removed under reduced pressure to prepare a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
• PVAc polyvinyl acetate
• the polymerization was allowed to proceed while a 10 mass % methanol solution of methyl acrylate was added dropwise while analyzing the solid content concentration of the polymerization system. After 110 parts by mass of a 10% by mass methanol solution of methyl acrylate was added dropwise substantially uniformly within 200 minutes from the initiation of polymerization, the polymerization was terminated by cooling to room temperature. Next, unreacted vinyl acetate monomer was removed under reduced pressure to prepare a methanol solution of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
• PVAc polyvinyl acetate
• Methanol was added to the obtained PVAc solution to adjust the concentration to 30% by mass, and 333 parts by mass of a methanol solution of PVAc was added with 32 parts by mass of an alkaline solution (12% by mass of NaOH in methanol) and 134 parts by mass of methanol. parts were added and saponification was carried out at 40° C. for 1 hour. At that time, after adding the alkaline solution, the gelled material was pulverized with a pulverizer and returned to the reactor. After that, the mixture was further stirred at 65° C. for 1 hour to carry out a saponification reaction over a total of 2 hours, and then 200 parts by mass of methyl acetate was added to neutralize the remaining alkali.
• the product obtained by centrifugal deliquoring is dried in a dryer at 40° C. under 1.3 Pa for 20 hours to give a modified vinyl alcohol having a sulfonate group as an anionic group.
• a system polymer "PVOH-6" was obtained.
• a silica spherical carrier is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing an aqueous solution of sodium tetrachloropalladate and an aqueous solution of tetrachloroauric acid tetrahydrate corresponding to the water absorption amount of the carrier, immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, and allowed to stand. .
• an aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate is added, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature, washed with water until chloride ions disappear from the water, and dried.
• the palladium/gold/support composition is immersed in an acetic acid aqueous solution and allowed to stand. Then, it is washed with water and dried. After that, it was impregnated with an aqueous solution of potassium acetate corresponding to the water absorption amount of the carrier and dried to obtain a vinyl acetate synthesis catalyst.
• Synthesis Example 9 The catalyst obtained in Synthesis Example 8 was diluted with glass beads and filled in a SUS reaction tube, and a mixed gas of ethylene, oxygen, water, acetic acid, and nitrogen was passed through for reaction.
• Ethylene used was bioethylene derived from sugarcane, which is a C4 plant (manufactured by Braskem SA).
• acetic acid was introduced into the reaction system as steam after vaporizing bio-acetic acid derived from sugarcane, which is a C4 plant.
• the obtained vinyl acetate is designated as VAM-1.
• the obtained starch after the reaction was filtered off.
• the operation of washing the starch with methanol was repeated 10 times.
• the obtained starch was vacuum-dried at 40° C. overnight to obtain an acrylic acid-grafted starch with a graft ratio of 15%.
• Example 1 PVOH-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 1 as the modified vinyl alcohol-based polymer (A) was added to water and heated with stirring at 95° C. for 2 hours to obtain an aqueous solution with a concentration of 8%. 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added so that the amount of NaOH was the same amount as the anionic groups of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A).
• starch (B) starch-1 having an amylopectin content of 83% by mass and modified with a hydroxypropyl group (degree of substitution 0.2) was added to water and heated with stirring at 95° C. for 2 hours. and gelatinized to obtain an aqueous solution with a concentration of 5%.
• the resulting aqueous solution of the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and the aqueous solution of the starch (B) are shown in Table 2 as (A)/(B) in terms of the mass ratio of the solid content of the vinyl alcohol polymer to the starch. They were mixed so as to achieve a mass ratio, and glycerin as a plasticizer (C) was added in an amount of 20% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B) to prepare a coating liquid.
• the coating solution is applied on a polyethylene terephthalate film with a bar coater, dried with hot air at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and the resulting dry coating film is peeled off from the polyethylene terephthalate film substrate to form a film with a thickness of about 50 ⁇ m. got
• Example 2 to 4 The mixing ratio of the aqueous solution of the vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and the aqueous solution of the starch (B) was changed to the mass ratio shown as (A)/(B) in Table 2, and the plasticizer (C) was added.
• a molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B).
• starch (B) instead of starch-1, starch-2 having an amylopectin content of 99% by mass and modified with a hydroxypropyl group (degree of substitution 0.2) was used, and a plasticizer (C) was added.
• a molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B).
• starch (B) instead of starch-1, unmodified starch-3 with an amylopectin content of 83% by mass is used, and the amount of plasticizer (C) added is the total of (A) and (B).
• a molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 30% by mass.
• Example 7 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-2 is used instead of PVOH-1, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added is changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B). A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that
• Example 8 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-3 is used instead of PVOH-1, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added is changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B). A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that
• Example 9 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-4 was used instead of PVOH-1, and the mixing ratio of the vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and starch (B) is shown in Table 2 as (A/B). A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mixing ratio was changed so as to achieve the mass ratio.
• Example 10 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-5 is used instead of PVOH-1, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added is changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B). A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that
• Example 11 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-6 is used instead of PVOH-1, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added is changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B). A desired molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide was not added.
• Example 12 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-7 is used instead of PVOH-1, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added is changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B). Then, in the same manner as in Example 1, a desired molded article was obtained.
• Example 13 42 parts of starch-1 (degree of substitution 0.2) modified with hydroxypropyl groups having an amylopectin content of 83% by mass and starch modified with hydroxypropyl groups having an amylopectin content of 30% by mass- 4 (degree of substitution: 0.2) was mixed with 58 parts to obtain starch-6 (equivalent to an amylopectin content of 52% by mass).
• starch (B) starch-6 was used instead of starch-1, and the amount of plasticizer (C) added was changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B).
• a compact was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
• Example 14 80 parts of starch-1 (degree of substitution 0.2) modified with hydroxypropyl groups having an amylopectin content of 83% by mass and starch modified with hydroxypropyl groups having an amylopectin content of 30% by mass- 4 (degree of substitution: 0.2) was mixed with 20 parts to obtain starch-7 (equivalent to an amylopectin content of 72% by mass).
• starch (B) instead of starch-1, starch-7 was used, and the amount of plasticizer (C) added was changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B).
• a compact was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
• starch (B) instead of starch-1, starch-8 having an amylopectin content of 83% by mass and modified with a hydroxypropyl group (degree of substitution 0.1) was used, and a plasticizer (C) was added.
• a molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount was changed to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of (A) and (B).
• Example 16 A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that sorbitol was used as the plasticizer (C) instead of glycerin, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added was changed as shown in Table 3.
• Example 17-18 As the plasticizer (C), sorbitol was used instead of glycerin, and the mixing ratio of the vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and the starch (B) and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added were changed as shown in Table 3. A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
• Example 19 A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that fructose was used as the plasticizer (C) instead of glycerin, and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added was changed as shown in Table 3.
• Example 20 A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that xylitol was used instead of glycerin as the plasticizer (C) and the amount of the plasticizer (C) added was changed as shown in Table 3.
• Example 21 A compact was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that starch-9 was used as starch (B) instead of starch-1, and the amount of plasticizer (C) added was changed as shown in Table 3. .
• Example 22 A compact was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that starch-10 was used as starch (B) instead of starch-1, and the amount of plasticizer (C) added was changed as shown in Table 3. .
• Example 23 As starch (B), starch-11 was used in place of starch-1, and the mixing ratio of vinyl alcohol polymer (A) and starch (B) and the amount of plasticizer (C) added were as shown in Table 3. A molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the
• Example 24 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-8 was used instead of PVOH-1, and the addition amount of the plasticizer (C) was changed as shown in Table 3. The procedure was the same as in Example 1. A desired compact was obtained. A compact was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that starch-11 was used as the starch (B) instead of starch-1.
• Example 25 As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (A), PVOH-8 was used instead of PVOH-1, and as the plasticizer (C), sorbitol was used in the amount shown in Table 3 instead of glycerin. Except for this, the desired molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
• Example 1 The purpose was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available polyvinyl alcohol resin (viscosity average polymerization degree 1700, saponification degree 98.5 mol%) was used instead of PVOH-1 as the vinyl alcohol polymer (A). got stuff
• starch (B) instead of starch-1, starch-4 having an amylopectin content of 30% by mass and modified with a hydroxypropyl group (degree of substitution: 0.2) was used. A molded body was obtained in the same manner.
• the films produced in Examples 1 to 25 all exhibited high water solubility and excellent mechanical properties.
• Comparative Example 1 when the vinyl alcohol polymer that is not modified is used, the water solubility is greatly reduced.
• Comparative Example 2 when starch with a high amylose ratio is used as in Comparative Example 2, the intermolecular interaction is strong and the molecular chains cannot be sufficiently dissociated in the gelatinization step, resulting in a large decrease in water solubility.
• Comparative Example 3 even with starch modified with an anionic group, when a starch with a high amylose ratio is used, the intermolecular interaction is strong and the molecular chains cannot be sufficiently dissociated in the gelatinization process, resulting in a uniform molded product. cannot be obtained, resulting in deterioration of mechanical properties.
• the intermolecular interaction between the polyacrylic acids introduced as graft chains is strong, the water-solubility is greatly reduced once molded.
• Example 26 The film (resin composition) obtained in Example 1 was added to DMSO so that the amount of the resin composition was 23% by mass, and dissolved with stirring at 90° C. for 5 hours to obtain a spinning dope.
• This spinning stock solution is passed through a nozzle with 80 holes and a hole diameter of 0.1 mm ⁇ , and dry-wet spinning is performed in a solidifying bath at 5°C using a mixed solution of methanol and DMSO as a solidifying liquid, and then 3.0 times in a methanol bath at 20°C. was subjected to wet heat stretching.
• the mixing ratio of methanol and DMSO in the solidified liquid was 80:20 by volume.
• DMSO in the filaments was extracted with methanol, a spinning oil was applied to the filaments, and the filaments were dried at 120°C.
• the dry raw yarn thus obtained was subjected to dry heat drawing at 160° C. at a dry heat draw ratio of 2.0 times to obtain a fiber molding.
• the obtained fiber had high water solubility like the film obtained in Example 1. In addition, the obtained fiber had sufficient mechanical properties.
• Example 27 A fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 26, except that the film obtained in Example 1 was replaced with the film produced in Example 1 without adding glycerin as the plasticizer (C). . . The obtained fiber had high water solubility like the film obtained in Example 1. In addition, the obtained fiber had sufficient mechanical properties.
• Example 28 In the same manner as in Example 26, except that instead of the film obtained in Example 1, a film prepared using starch-11 instead of starch-1 was used as the starch (B) in Example 1. fiber was obtained. The obtained fiber had high water solubility like the film obtained in Example 1. In addition, the obtained fiber had sufficient mechanical properties.

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