WO2022270362A1 - アレイ型超音波映像装置及びその制御方法 - Google Patents
アレイ型超音波映像装置及びその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022270362A1 WO2022270362A1 PCT/JP2022/023826 JP2022023826W WO2022270362A1 WO 2022270362 A1 WO2022270362 A1 WO 2022270362A1 JP 2022023826 W JP2022023826 W JP 2022023826W WO 2022270362 A1 WO2022270362 A1 WO 2022270362A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
- G01N29/343—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics pulse waves, e.g. particular sequence of pulses, bursts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus and its control method.
- ultrasonic imaging apparatus that irradiates an object such as a semiconductor with ultrasonic waves, generates image information inside the object based on the reflected waves, and detects defects inside the object. According to this ultrasonic imaging apparatus, non-destructive high-resolution inspection can be performed, and the reliability of electronic components can be ensured.
- One form of ultrasound imaging device is an ultrasound imaging device having a single probe composed of a single transducer.
- the single probe mechanically scans a predetermined area of the surface of the subject or the layered interface in the X and Y directions to irradiate the subject with ultrasonic waves and generate reflected waves. detect.
- an array-type ultrasonic sensor having a plurality of piezoelectric vibration elements is provided, electronically scanned in the array alignment direction, and further mechanically scanned in the array alignment direction, so that the inside of the inspection object
- an ultrasonic inspection apparatus that generates an inspection image using a reflected signal from an ultrasonic wave (see Patent Document 1).
- An object of the present invention is to provide an array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus that generates a reflected wave image of a subject by reciprocating scanning of an array-type ultrasound probe, and a method of controlling the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus with less image deviation. That's what it is.
- an array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus uses an ultrasonic array probe, in which a plurality of transducers are arranged linearly, to irradiate an object to be examined with ultrasonic beams in a predetermined scanning order.
- Plane scanning is performed by a scanning operation of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the transducers are arranged while scanning, and a shift operation of moving the ultrasonic array probe in parallel with the direction in which the transducers are arranged,
- An array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus that irradiates an ultrasonic beam onto the surface of a subject or a layer boundary surface and displays the signal intensity of an ultrasonic reflected wave from the subject, wherein the electronic scanning is performed at one end of the electronic scanning.
- Ultrasonic beams are alternately irradiated one by one from each end toward the center so that the irradiation point is irradiated with an ultrasonic beam, and then the irradiation point at the opposite end is irradiated with an ultrasonic beam.
- the ultrasonic beams are applied by selecting the plurality of transducers so as to achieve the scanning order.
- an ultrasonic beam of an ultrasonic array probe in which a plurality of transducers are linearly arranged is sequentially irradiated onto a subject to perform an electronic scan.
- a control method for an array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus that displays the signal intensity of an ultrasonic reflected wave from a subject comprising: irradiating an irradiation point at one end of an electronic scan on the subject with an ultrasonic beam in a predetermined scanning order; Next, the plurality of ultrasonic beams are irradiated alternately one by one from each end toward the center so that the ultrasonic beam is irradiated to the irradiation point on the opposite end.
- an array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus that generates an ultrasonic reflection image of a subject by plane-scanning an array-type ultrasonic probe, a reflected-wave image generated by reciprocating scanning of the array-type ultrasonic probe is obtained. Image deviation can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus according to an embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the contents of planar scanning operation of a probe in an array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating irradiation points of ultrasonic beams of a probe of a comparative example
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing positions of irradiation points of ultrasonic beams in planar scanning of a probe of a comparative example
- It is a figure which shows an example of the time change of the signal strength in a reflected wave.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining conversion of the signal intensity of a reflected wave into a gradation of 0-255;
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between an irradiation point of an ultrasonic beam and a subject 8 having three strip-shaped regions with different reflectances.
- FIG. 4C shows an ultrasound image from the electronic scan in FIG. 4C;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing positions of irradiation points of electronic scanning when the contour of a subject is set as a scanning area by the probe 4 of the comparative example.
- FIG. 5B is an ultrasound image from the electronic scan of FIG. 5A; It is a figure explaining the irradiation point of the ultrasonic beam of the probe 4 of embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing positions of irradiation points of ultrasonic beams in planar scanning of a probe;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing positions of irradiation points of electronic scanning when the contour of a subject is used as a scanning area in the embodiment;
- FIG. 7B is an ultrasound image from the electronic scan of FIG. 7A;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the planar scanning operation of the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus;
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing details of electronic scanning processing;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 includes a three-axis scanner 2 (scanning means) and an ultrasound array probe (hereinafter referred to as probe 4).
- the three-axis scanner 2 scans (plane scans) the probe 4 two-dimensionally in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the planar subject 8 . Accordingly, the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 can image the planar subject 8 using ultrasound.
- the probe 4 is a phased array ultrasonic probe in which a large number of transducers are arranged in strips. Specifically, it controls the oscillation timing of some of the multiple transducers (a group of transducers) in a large number of transducers to create an ultrasonic convergence beam (ultrasonic beam), which is then electronically switched. , the object 8 is one-dimensionally scanned by irradiating the ultrasonic beam while changing the irradiation position.
- electronic scanning of an ultrasonic beam by a phased array ultrasonic probe is referred to as electronic scanning. Reception control of reflected waves of ultrasonic beams is also performed by controlling the group of transducers.
- the probe 4 may focus ultrasonic waves generated from a single transducer with an acoustic lens and irradiate the subject with the ultrasonic waves, and the transducers may be configured in a plurality of strips. Also in this configuration, electronic scanning of the subject 8 is performed by changing the irradiation position of the ultrasonic beam by electronically switching the transducers.
- the probe 4 is immersed in the water filled in the water tank 91 and placed so that the tip of the probe 4 faces the subject 8 .
- the probe 4 is attached to the 3-axis scanner 2 with a holder 24 .
- a water tank 91 is placed on a table 92 .
- the three-axis scanner 2 detects the scanning position based on the linear position or the rotational position (angular position) detected by the built-in encoder for detecting positional changes.
- the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 can two-dimensionally visualize the relationship between each scanning position (scanning point) of the subject 8 and the echo waves.
- the three-axis scanner 2 includes an X-axis scanner 21 and a Y-axis scanner 22 for scanning the probe 4, a Z-axis scanner 23 for varying the distance between the probe 4 and the subject 8, and a holder 24 for holding the probe 4. .
- the height of the probe 4 is adjusted by the table 92 before the examination, and the distance from the subject 8 is adjusted by the Z-axis scanner 23 .
- the probe 4 is continuously moved at a predetermined speed ( After that, the Y-axis scanner 22 of the three-axis scanner 2 performs a movement (shift operation) corresponding to the scanning width of the electronic scan in parallel with the direction in which the plurality of transducers are arranged.
- the holder 24 supports the flange 42 provided on the top of the probe 4 so that it can move upward smoothly when an upward force is applied to the probe 4 .
- a sensor 3 is provided on the holder 24 to detect that the probe 4 has moved upward.
- the control device 10 includes a scanner control unit 11, a transmission/reception command unit 12, a timing processing unit 13, a transducer operation signal generation unit 14, a reflected wave signal processing unit 15, a reflected wave image generation unit 16, and a display unit 17. Scanner control, transmission/reception control of the probe 4, and display control of echo waves from the subject 8 are performed.
- the scanner control unit 11 drives the X-axis scanner 21 and the Y-axis scanner 22 based on the encoder outputs built into the X-axis scanner 21 and the Y-axis scanner 22, and the probe 4 planarly scans the subject 8. is.
- the transmission/reception command unit 12 starts electronic scanning of the probe 4 in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 notified from the scanner control unit 11 . That is, the transmission/reception command unit 12 starts electronic scanning in synchronization with the scanning operation of the probe 4 .
- the scanning pitch of the subject 8 in the X-axis direction by electronic scanning of the probe 4 becomes equal to the pitch of the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 .
- the timing processing unit 13 selects the transducer group of the probe 4 corresponding to the scanning order of the ultrasonic beams in electronic scanning.
- the transducer operation signal generation unit 14 generates transducer operation signals in accordance with the transducer group and the scanning order selected by the timing processing unit 13, and transmits the signals to the probe 7 for each scanning point.
- the probe 4 irradiates an ultrasonic beam according to the transducer operation signal from the transducer operation signal generator 14 .
- the reflected wave signal processing unit 15 receives the signal of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam from the probe 4 for each scanning point, provides a gate, and performs gate processing to obtain the displacement (amplitude) of the reflected wave. Calculate the signal strength.
- the reflected wave image generation unit 16 converts the signal intensity of the reflected wave for each irradiation point calculated by the reflected wave signal processing unit 15 into a gradation of 0 to 255, for example.
- a reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam is generated at a boundary surface where the acoustic impedance (density) changes, such as a boundary between the subject 8 and the water in the water tank 91, a material boundary inside the subject 8, a peeled portion, a void portion, or the like.
- the reflected wave image generator 16 sets the gradation to 255 at the point where there is no reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam, and decreases the gradation as the signal strength of the reflected wave increases.
- the display unit 17 displays the signal intensity of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam obtained by the reflected wave image generation unit 16 as a grayscale image obtained by planarly scanning the subject 8 . Specifically, when the gradation is 255, black is displayed, when the gradation is 0, white is displayed, and when the gradation is an intermediate value, gray is displayed according to the gradation. As a result, the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 displays the planarly scanned cavity of the subject 8 (which has a large difference in density from its surroundings) as a white image.
- the probe 4 is configured by linearly arranging 192 transducers.
- a case is shown in which the vibrator is composed of
- the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 uses the set position of the subject 8 as the origin of scanning (upper left of the scanning area in FIG. 2), specifies the size of the scanning area, and performs planar scanning with the probe 4 .
- the three-axis scanner 2 is driven to move the probe 4 so that the electronic scanning start point of the probe 4 is positioned at the scanning origin.
- the probe 4 is moved including the run-up so that the moving speed when passing the start point of the electronic scan is a predetermined value.
- the probe 4 performs electronic scanning with the transducers a, b, c, d, e, f, and g, and the X-axis scanner 21 of the 3-axis scanner 2 scans the transducers. Moves in a direction perpendicular to the side-by-side direction. The probe 4 then performs the next electronic scan in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 . The probe 4 repeats this for the width of the scanning area (the size in the X-axis direction).
- the probe 4 repeats the electronic scanning while continuously moving the probe 4 in the X-axis direction (scan operation 1), and the length in the Y-axis direction is the scanning width of the electronic scanning, and the X An ultrasonic beam is applied to a band-shaped scanning area having a width of the scanning area whose length in the axial direction is set, and reflected waves from the subject 8 are detected.
- control device 10 converts the reflected wave from the subject 8 detected by one electronic scan of the probe 4 into the reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam having the same position (scanning row) in the X-axis direction as a reflected wave. is calculated and displayed as a grayscale image.
- the probe 4 is moved by the Y-axis scanner 22 of the 3-axis scanner 2 by the scanning width of the electronic scan (shift operation) in parallel with the arrangement direction of the plurality of transducers. Then, the probe 4 is moved by the X-axis scanner 21 so that the starting point of the electronic scanning of the probe 4 is at the same position in the X-axis direction as the starting point of the last electronic scanning of the scanning operation 1 described above.
- the probe 4 performs electronic scanning with the transducers a, b, c, d, e, f, and g, and the X-axis scanner 21 of the triaxial scanner 2 scans the transducers in parallel in the direction opposite to the scan operation 1. Move in a direction perpendicular to the direction. The probe 4 then performs the next electronic scan in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 . The probe 4 repeats this for the width of the scanning area (the size in the X-axis direction).
- the probe 4 repeats electronic scanning while continuously moving the probe 4 in the X-axis direction (scanning operation 2).
- An ultrasonic beam is applied to a band-shaped scanning area having a width of the scanning area whose length in the axial direction is set, and reflected waves from the subject 8 are detected.
- the control device 10 ends the plane scanning. Then, electronic scanning is performed and scan operation 3, shift operation, and scan operation 4 are performed in the same manner as the previous operation. The control device 10 repeats the above operation until the specified scanning area is covered, and performs planar scanning of the subject 8 .
- scanning operation 1 scanning operation 3
- scanning operation
- the X-axis direction of the irradiation point of the ultrasonic beam depends on the irradiation timing of the ultrasonic beam. position is shifted. Next, the relationship between the irradiation timing of the ultrasonic beam and the irradiation point will be described.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating irradiation points of ultrasonic beams of the probe 4 of the comparative example.
- Irradiation points a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are irradiation points of ultrasonic beams by electronic scanning of the transducers a, b, c, d, e, f, and g of the probe 4 .
- the irradiation point a is the irradiation point corresponding to the origin of the scanning area, and is the irradiation point of the first ultrasonic beam for electronic scanning synchronized with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 during the scanning operation.
- Electronic scanning of the probe 4 is performed during the continuous movement of the scanning motion.
- the solid-line rectangle in FIG. 3A indicates the position of the probe 4 when the ultrasonic beam is first applied, and the dashed-line rectangle indicates the position of the probe 4 when the ultrasonic beam is finally applied.
- the probe 4 of the comparative example ultrasonic beams are sequentially irradiated from the irradiation point a toward the other end of the probe 4 . Therefore, the irradiation points b, c, d, e, f, and g are shifted little by little in the scanning direction.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the positions of the irradiation points of the ultrasonic beams in the plane scans of the scan operation 1 and the scan operation 2 of the probe 4 of the comparative example. Since the irradiation point a of the probe 4 of the comparative example is electronically scanned in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21, the positions in the X-axis direction match between the scan operation 1 and the scan operation 2 (for example, Xn coordinates). However, the irradiation points b, c, d, e, f, and g are shifted little by little according to the scanning direction.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an example of temporal change in signal intensity of the reflected wave processed by the reflected wave signal processing unit 15.
- FIG. The reflected wave signal processing unit 15 obtains the displacement (amplitude) of the signal strength of the reflected wave in a predetermined time width centered on the time corresponding to the predetermined depth of the subject 8 to be inspected.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram explaining how the reflected wave image generation unit 16 converts the signal intensity of the reflected wave for each irradiation point into a gradation of 0-255.
- the signal intensity of the reflected wave is 0 (the displacement is 0), it is black with a gradation of 255.
- the signal intensity of the reflected wave is the maximum (the displacement is the maximum), it is gradation 0.
- the gradation is decreased (intermediate value) and gray is obtained.
- FIG. 4C is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the irradiation point of the ultrasonic beam of the probe 4 and the object 8 having three strip-shaped regions with different reflectances as shown in the figure.
- the first irradiation point of the electronic scan of the probe 4 is in each of the three regions with different reflectances, but since the electronic scan is performed while the probe 4 is moving, the last irradiation point of the electronic scan is the adjacent It is in the strip area.
- FIG. 4D is a diagram showing an ultrasound image by electronic scanning in FIG. 4C.
- the reflected wave image generation unit 16 converts the reflected wave from the subject 8 detected by one electronic scan of the probe 4 into the reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam having the same position (scan line) in the X-axis direction.
- the signal intensity of the reflected wave is calculated, a grayscale image is obtained, and the display unit 17 displays it as an ultrasonic image. Therefore, a grayscale image of a reflectance distribution different from that of the object 8 described with reference to FIG. 4C is displayed.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining display examples of ultrasonic images when the probe 4 of the comparative example is reciprocated.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the positions of the irradiation points of the electronic scanning of the probe 4 when the outline of the subject 8 is set as the scanning area.
- scan operation 1 and scan operation 2 for example, Xn coordinates.
- the irradiation points b, c, d, e, f, and g are shifted little by little according to the scanning direction. Therefore, the irradiation points e, f, and g of the final electronic scan of the scan operation 1 irradiate the ultrasonic beams outside the object.
- FIG. 5B is an ultrasound image from the electronic scan of FIG. 5A.
- the reflected wave image generation unit 16 displays the reflected waves from the subject 8 detected by one electronic scan of the probe 4 as reflected waves of the ultrasonic beams having the same position (scanning row) in the X-axis direction.
- irradiation points e, f, and g are displayed as an ultrasound image of the subject 8 at Xn coordinates.
- the reflected wave images corresponding to the irradiation points e, f, and g are displayed as images with different densities, and are visually recognized as image information deviations. be.
- the reflected wave image of the subject 8 is shown in white, and the reflected wave image outside the subject is shown in black.
- the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 of the embodiment will be described below.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating irradiation points of ultrasonic beams of the probe 4 of the embodiment.
- Irradiation points a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are irradiation points of ultrasonic beams by electronic scanning of transducers a, b, c, d, e, f, and g of the probe 4 .
- the irradiation point a is the irradiation point corresponding to the origin of the scanning area, and is the irradiation point of the first ultrasonic beam for electronic scanning synchronized with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 during the scanning operation.
- the solid-line rectangle in FIG. 6A indicates the position of the probe 4 when the ultrasonic beam is first applied, and the dashed-line rectangle indicates the position of the probe 4 when the ultrasonic beam is finally applied.
- the timing processing unit 13 causes the probe 4 to irradiate the irradiation point a with the ultrasonic beam, and then irradiate the irradiation point g at the other end of the electronic scan with the ultrasonic beam.
- an ultrasonic beam is applied to irradiation point b, which is closer to the center than irradiation point a.
- the probe 4 performs electronic scanning by alternately irradiating ultrasonic beams from the irradiation points at the opposite ends to the irradiation points at the center.
- the probe 4 irradiates the ultrasonic beam so that the irradiation point of the ultrasonic beam has a V shape or an inverted V shape depending on the direction of the scanning operation.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the positions of the irradiation points of the ultrasonic beams in the scan areas of scan operation 1 and scan operation 2 of the probe 4 . Since the irradiation point a of the probe 4 is electronically scanned in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21, the position in the X-axis direction is the same between the scan operation 1 and the scan operation 2, and the irradiation points b and c , d, e, f, and g are slightly shifted in the scanning direction.
- 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining display examples of ultrasonic images when the probe 4 of the comparative example is reciprocated.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing positions of irradiation points of electronic scanning of the probe 4 when the outline of the subject 8 is set as a scanning area.
- the irradiation point a of the probe 4 is electronically scanned in synchronization with the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21.
- the irradiation points b, c, d, e, f, and g coincide with each other, and the irradiation points of the ultrasonic beams are inverted doglegs or doglegs depending on the scanning direction.
- the irradiation points c, d, and e of the final electronic scan of the scan operation 1 irradiate the ultrasonic beams outside the subject.
- FIG. 7B is an ultrasound image from the electronic scan of FIG. 7A.
- the reflected wave image generation unit 16 displays the reflected waves from the subject 8 detected by one electronic scan of the probe 4 as reflected waves of the ultrasonic beams having the same position (scanning row) in the X-axis direction. , Xn coordinates of the subject 8, the irradiation points c, d, and e are displayed in black.
- the reflected wave image of the subject 8 is shown in white, and the reflected wave images outside the subject with different signal intensities of the reflected waves are shown in black.
- the image in the vicinity of the end boundary with the backward movement process is displayed in white
- the first electronic scan of the backward movement process is displayed in white
- the image near the edge boundary is also displayed in white.
- the image in the vicinity of the boundary between the ends of the forward movement and the backward movement is displayed in white, which is the same gradation. That is, by irradiating the ultrasonic beam so that the irradiation point of the ultrasonic beam becomes a dogleg or an inverted dogleg depending on the direction of the scan operation described with reference to FIG.
- Images in the vicinity of the boundary at the end have the same gradation, suppressing deviation of image information to be generated, and displaying an image close to the real image of the subject. That is, it is possible to correct the display deviation of the reflected ultrasonic wave at the position where the forward path and the return path of the scanning operation are switched.
- step S81 the control device 10 acquires the scanning conditions of the origin position (XY coordinates), width (length in the X-axis direction), and height (length in the Y-axis direction) of the scanning area.
- the scanner control unit 11 of the control device 10 drives the 3-axis scanner 2 to move the probe 4 to the position of the origin of the scanning range.
- step S83 the control device 10 repeats the processing from step S83 to step S811 for the height of the scanning area (in the Y-axis direction).
- the scanner control unit 11 causes the X-axis scanner 21 to start scanning the probe 4 in the scanning area in the X-axis direction.
- step S85 the control device 10 repeats the processing from step S86 to step S88 for the width of the scanning area (in the X-axis direction).
- step S86 the transmission/reception command unit 12 of the control device 10 determines whether or not the encoder output of the X-axis scanner 21 notified from the scanner control unit 11 has been detected. electronic scanning of the probe 4 in step S87, which will be described later. If the encoder output cannot be detected, the process of step S86 is repeated and the detection of the encoder output is awaited.
- step S89 the scanner control unit 11 of the control device 10 causes the Y-axis scanner 22 of the 3-axis scanner 2 to move in the Y-axis direction by the scanning width of the electronic scan, thereby performing a shift operation.
- step S810 the scanner control unit 11 sets to reverse the moving direction (scanning direction) of the probe 4 in the scanning operation started in step S84.
- the array-type ultrasonic imaging apparatus 1 captures an ultrasonic image of a predetermined scanning area of the subject 8 .
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the details of electronic scanning processing of the probe 4 in step S87 of FIG.
- the number of irradiation points of the probe 4 is n (odd number)
- the irradiation point number at one end of the electronic scan is 1, and the numbers are assigned in ascending order toward the other end.
- step S91 the timing processing unit 13 (see FIG. 1) repeats steps S92 to S94 from 1 to (n ⁇ 1)/2 while adding 1 to the variable i.
- step S92 the timing processing unit 13 selects a group of transducers for irradiating the irradiation point (i) with an ultrasonic beam, and transmits a transducer operation signal to the probe 4 by the transducer operation signal generation unit 14 (see FIG. 1). and irradiate the irradiation point (i) with an ultrasonic beam.
- step S93 the timing processing unit 13 selects a group of transducers for irradiating the irradiation point (n+1-i) with an ultrasonic beam, and causes the transducer operation signal generation unit 14 (see FIG. 1) to cause the probe 4 to operate.
- a signal is generated to irradiate the irradiation point (n+1-i) with an ultrasonic beam.
- the timing processing unit 13 alternately irradiates ultrasonic beams from the irradiation points at the opposite ends toward the irradiation points at the center.
- the timing processing unit 13 irradiates the irradiation point ((n+1)/2) with an ultrasonic beam.
- the ultrasound beam is applied to the irradiation point in the center of the electronic scan.
- Ultrasonic beams are applied to the positions of the first irradiation point, the second irradiation point, the third irradiation point, and the fourth irradiation point in this order.
- FIG. 9 illustrates the case where the number of irradiation points of the probe 4 is an odd number. Repeat while adding 1 to i. Then, the process of step S95 may be deleted.
- the dot sequence of the irradiation point g which is the irradiation point of the last ultrasonic beam of the electronic scan in the scan operation 1, and the first ultrasonic beam of the electronic scan in the scan operation 2 is smaller than the case shown in FIG. 3B.
- control device 10 calculates the signal intensity of the reflected wave as the reflected wave of the ultrasonic beam having the same position (scanning row) in the X-axis direction as the reflected wave by the electronic scanning and displays it as a grayscale image, It is possible to reduce the deviation of the grayscale image at the boundary between the display area by scanning operation 1 and the display area by scanning operation 2 .
- the probe 4 performs electronic scanning by alternately irradiating ultrasonic beams from the irradiation points at the opposite ends to the irradiation points at the central portion, the positional deviation of the adjacent irradiation points in the electronic scanning worsens. can be made small, and it is possible to suppress the actualization of deviation of the grayscale image in the display area by the scanning operation 1 and in the display area by the scanning operation 2 .
- the array-type ultrasound imaging apparatus 1 of the embodiment described above can suppress the occurrence of image deviation of reflected wave images generated in the forward and backward scans of the probe 4, and the image of the subject 8 can be suppressed.
- An ultrasonic image with reduced displacement can be acquired at high speed.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施形態のアレイ型超音波映像装置の全体構成を示す図である。
超音波ビームの走査を電子スキャンと記す。
超音波ビームの反射波の受信制御も、振動子群を制御して行う。
水槽91は、台92の上に載置される。
また、プローブ4は、検査前に台92によって高さが調整されと共に、Z軸スキャナ23により被検体8との間隔が調整される。
プローブ4は、振動子動作信号生成部14の振動子動作信号により超音波ビームを照射する。
これにより、アレイ型超音波映像装置1は、平面走査した被検体8の空洞(周囲と密度の差が大きい)を白い画像として表示する。
プローブ4は、例えば、192個の振動子がリニアに並設されて構成されるが、図2には、プローブ4が、振動子a、b、c、d、e、f、gの7個の振動子で構成される場合を示している。
まず、プローブ4の電子スキャンの開始点が走査の原点に位置するように、3軸スキャナ2を駆動して、プローブ4を移動する。詳しくは、電子スキャンはプローブ4の移動中に行うため、プローブ4が電子スキャンの開始点を通過する際の移動速度が所定値になるように、助走分を含めて移動する。
制御装置10は、指定された走査エリアをカバーするまで上記の動作を繰り返して、被検体8の平面走査を行う。
照射点a、b、c、d、e、f、gは、プローブ4の振動子a、b、c、d、e、f、gの電子スキャンによる超音波ビームの照射点である。特に、照射点aは、走査エリアの原点に対応する照射点であり、またスキャン動作の際に、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期した電子スキャンの最初の超音波ビームの照射点である。
比較例のプローブ4では、照射点aからプローブ4の他端に向けて順に超音波ビームを照射する。このため、照射点b、c、d、e、f、gは、スキャン方向に少しずつずれた位置となる。
比較例のプローブ4の照射点aは、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期して電子スキャンが行われるため、スキャン動作1とスキャン動作2とで、X軸方向の位置が一致する(例えば、Xn座標)。しかし、照射点b、c、d、e、f、gは、スキャン方向に応じて少しずつずれた位置となる。
図4Aは、反射波信号処理部15で処理する反射波における信号強度の時間変化の一例を示す図である。反射波信号処理部15は、検査する被検体8の所定の深度に対応する時間を中心した所定時間幅における反射波の信号強度の変位(振幅)を求める。
図4Cは、プローブ4の超音波ビームの照射点と図に示すような短冊状に3つの反射率の異なる領域を有する被検体8の位置関係を示す図である。プローブ4の電子スキャンの最初の照射点は、3つの反射率の異なる領域のそれぞれの領域にあるが、プローブ4の移動中に電子スキャンを行うため、電子スキャンの最後の照射点は、隣りの短冊領域に入っている。
この際、反射波画像生成部16は、プローブ4の一回の電子スキャンで検出した被検体8からの反射波を、X軸方向の位置(走査列)が同一の超音波ビームの反射波として、反射波の信号強度を算出し、濃淡画像を求め、表示部17が超音波画像として表示する。このため、図4Cで説明した被検体8と異なる反射率の分布の濃淡画像が表示される。
図3Bで説明したように、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期して電子スキャンが行われるため、スキャン動作1とスキャン動作2とで、X軸方向の位置が一致する(例えば、Xn座標)。しかし、照射点b、c、d、e、f、gは、スキャン方向に応じて少しずつずれた位置となる。このため、スキャン動作1の最後の電子スキャンの照射点e、f、gは、被検体外に超音波ビームを照射することになる。
反射波画像生成部16は、プローブ4の一回の電子スキャンで検出した被検体8からの反射波を、X軸方向の位置(走査列)が同一の超音波ビームの反射波として表示するため、被検体8のXn座標の超音波画像として、照射点e、f、gを表示する。
照射点a、b、c、d、e、f、gは、プローブ4の振動子a、b、c、d、e、f、gの電子スキャンによる超音波ビームの照射点である。特に、照射点aは、走査エリアの原点に対応する照射点であり、またスキャン動作の際に、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期した電子スキャンの最初の超音波ビームの照射点である。
プローブ4の照射点aは、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期して電子スキャンが行われるため、スキャン動作1とスキャン動作2とで、X軸方向の位置が一致し、照射点b、c、d、e、f、gは、スキャン方向に応じて少しずつずれた位置となる。
図6Bで説明したように、プローブ4の照射点aは、X軸スキャナ21のエンコーダ出力に同期して電子スキャンが行われるため、スキャン動作1とスキャン動作2とで、X軸方向の位置が一致し、照射点b、c、d、e、f、gは、スキャン方向に応じて、超音波ビームの照射点が逆くの字状、またはくの字状になる。これにより、スキャン動作1の最後の電子スキャンの照射点c、d、eは、被検体外に超音波ビームを照射することになる。
反射波画像生成部16は、プローブ4の一回の電子スキャンで検出した被検体8からの反射波を、X軸方向の位置(走査列)が同一の超音波ビームの反射波として表示するため、被検体8のXn座標の超音波画像として、照射点c、d、eを黒色に表示する。なお、説明のため、被検体8の反射波画像を白色、反射波の信号強度が異なる被検体外の反射波画像を黒色している。
ステップS81で、制御装置10は、走査エリアの原点の位置(XY座標)、幅(X軸方向の長さ)、高さ(Y軸方向の長さ)のスキャン条件を取得する。
以上の処理により、アレイ型超音波映像装置1は被検体8の所定の走査エリアの超音波映像を撮像する。
図9では、プローブ4の照射点数をn個(奇数)とし、電子スキャンの一端の照射点の番号を1とし、他端に向けて昇順に番号付けしている。
ステップS92とステップS93の繰り返しにより、タイミング処理部13は、対向する端部の照射点から央部の照射点に向けて交互に順に超音波ビームを照射する。
10 制御装置
11 スキャナ制御部
12 送受信指令部
13 タイミング処理部
14 振動子動作信号生成部
15 反射波信号処理部
16 反射波画像生成部
17 表示部
2 3軸スキャナ
21 X軸スキャナ
22 Y軸スキャナ
23 Z軸スキャナ
24 ホルダ
3 センサ
4 プロ―ブ(超音波アレイプローブ)
42 鍔部
8 被検体
91 水槽
92 台
Claims (9)
- 複数の振動子がリニアに並設された超音波アレイプローブを、被検体に所定の走査順序で超音波ビームを照射する電子スキャンを行いながら前記振動子の並設方向に垂直な方向に往復移動するスキャン動作と、前記振動子の並設方向と平行に超音波アレイプローブを移動するシフト動作と、により平面走査して、被検体の表面または積層境界面に超音波ビームを照射し、被検体からの超音波反射波の信号強度を表示するアレイ型超音波映像装置であって、
前記電子スキャンを、電子スキャンの一端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射し、つぎに対向する他端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射するように、それぞれの端部から一つずつ央部に向けて交互に順に超音波ビームを照射する走査順序になるように前記複数の振動子を選択して超音波ビームを照射して行うこと
を特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
前記超音波ビームの照射位置毎に前記超音波アレイプローブの振動子群の超音波の送受信を制御する振動子動作信号生成部と、
前記電子スキャンの走査順序に対応する前記振動子群を選択するタイミング処理部と、
前記振動子動作信号生成部に前記タイミング処理部を経由して振動子動作信号の生成を指令し前記超音波アレイプローブの前記電子スキャンを開始する送受信指令部と、
前記超音波アレイプローブのスキャン動作に同期して前記送受信指令部を制御する制御部と、を備えることを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項2に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
前記タイミング処理部は、前記超音波アレイプローブの移動の進行方向に向かって、超音波ビームの照射点が、見かけ上、くの字状または逆くの字状になるように前記振動子群を選択することを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項2に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
前記制御部は、
前記超音波アレイプローブが前記被検体を平面走査する座標系を、前記超音波アレイプローブの振動子の並設方向に垂直な方向をX軸方向、前記振動子の並設方向をY軸方向とし、平面走査する超音波ビームの最初の照射点を座標原点とした場合に、
前記シフト動作の直前の電子スキャンの開始位置のX座標位置と、前記シフト動作の直後の電子スキャンの開始位置のX座標位置とが、等しくすることを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
被検体からの超音波反射波を超音波ビームの照射位置毎に受信して反射波の信号強度を求め、前記平面走査に対応し矩形に区分された表示領域の所定位置に、前記信号強度に対応する濃度の画像を表示することを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
前記振動子により受信した前記超音波ビームの反射波の信号強度を算出する反射波信号処理部を備えることを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 請求項6記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置において、
超音波アレイプローブの一回の電子スキャンで検出した被検体からの反射波を、X軸方向の位置が同一の超音波ビームの反射波として反射波の信号強度を算出し、濃淡画像を求める反射波画像生成部と、
前記反射波画像生成部で求めた濃淡画像を、被検体の平面走査した超音波ビームの反射波の濃淡画像として表示する表示部と、を備えることを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置。 - 複数の振動子がリニアに並設された超音波アレイプローブの超音波ビームを被検体に順次照射して電子スキャンを行い、前記被検体からの超音波反射波の信号強度を表示するアレイ型超音波映像装置の制御方法であって、
前記被検体に所定の走査順序で電子スキャンの一端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射し、つぎに対向する他端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射するように、それぞれの端部から一つずつ央部に向けて交互に順に超音波ビームを照射する走査順序になるように前記複数の振動子を選択して超音波ビームを照射しながら、前記超音波アレイプローブの振動子の並設方向に垂直な方向に前記超音波アレイプローブを所定速度で連続移動する第1のステップと、
前記電子スキャンの走査幅分、前記振動子の並設方向と並行に前記超音波アレイプローブを移動するシフト動作をするシフトステップと、
前記被検体に所定の走査順序で電子スキャンの一端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射し、つぎに対向する他端の照射点に超音波ビームを照射するように、それぞれの端部から一つずつ央部に向けて交互に順に超音波ビームを照射する走査順序になるように前記複数の振動子を選択して超音波ビームを照射しながら、前記第1のステップとは逆向きに前記超音波アレイプローブを所定速度で連続移動する第2のステップと、を含み、
前記第1のステップと、前記シフトステップと、前記第2のステップとを繰り返すことにより、被検体全面を電子スキャンする
ことを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置の制御方法。 - 請求項8に記載のアレイ型超音波映像装置の制御方法において、
前記超音波アレイプローブをスキャン動作するX軸スキャナのエンコーダ出力の有無を検出するステップと、
前記エンコーダ出力を検出した際に、電子スキャンの一端の第1の照射点に超音波ビームを照射するステップと、を含むことを特徴とするアレイ型超音波映像装置の制御方法。
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US20200297319A1 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | Samsung Medison Co., Ltd. | Ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and method of controlling the same |
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JP7368654B1 (ja) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-10-24 | 株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ | 超音波映像装置 |
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