WO2022268659A1 - Use of coconut fruit juice for hygiene benefits and compositions thereof - Google Patents

Use of coconut fruit juice for hygiene benefits and compositions thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022268659A1
WO2022268659A1 PCT/EP2022/066576 EP2022066576W WO2022268659A1 WO 2022268659 A1 WO2022268659 A1 WO 2022268659A1 EP 2022066576 W EP2022066576 W EP 2022066576W WO 2022268659 A1 WO2022268659 A1 WO 2022268659A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
skin
composition
fruit juice
present
coconut
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/066576
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anindya Dasgupta
Vinitha KADAMKODE
Balu Kunjupillai
Rupak MITRA
Neha SALGAONKAR
Original Assignee
Unilever Ip Holdings B.V.
Unilever Global Ip Limited
Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever Ip Holdings B.V., Unilever Global Ip Limited, Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever filed Critical Unilever Ip Holdings B.V.
Publication of WO2022268659A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022268659A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/005—Antimicrobial preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/889—Arecaceae, Palmae or Palmaceae (Palm family), e.g. date or coconut palm or palmetto
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0208—Tissues; Wipes; Patches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/34—Alcohols
    • A61K8/345—Alcohols containing more than one hydroxy group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/67—Vitamins
    • A61K8/673—Vitamin B group
    • A61K8/675—Vitamin B3 or vitamin B3 active, e.g. nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl aldehyde
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/005—Preparations for sensitive skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/74—Biological properties of particular ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient coconut fruit juice for protection of skin against harmful bacteria by way of improving skin barrier health.
  • the present invention is especially useful in formulating compositions comprising this ingredient which acts as a prebiotic by skin commensal bacteria like S. epidermidis to produce metabolites like lactic acid which by way of the present invention has been shown to inhibit growth of harmful bacteria like E. Coli, S. Aureus among others.
  • the present invention also relates to compositions comprising this natural ingredient along with polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health.
  • Skin in mammals are considered as one of the largest organs in the body, especially one which has the largest surface area. Skin forms the first line of defense against microorganisms which may invade the body though the air, water, food or material that come in contact with the body.
  • skin commensal bacteria traditional approach to such hygiene problems has been to treat the skin/ body with antimicrobial actives that reduce or kill the germs.
  • skin commensal bacteria a lot of the bacteria that permanently reside on the skin (called skin commensal bacteria) do not actually cause infections, rather they are beneficial bacteria that protect the skin against disease causing pathogens.
  • the present inventors in looking to solve the problem of selective kill of harmful bacteria on skin like E.coli and S. aureus directed their research to boosting the number and functionality of skin commensal bacteria through use of prebiotics.
  • EP1341547 discloses coconut water and its method of preparation. This publication discloses that this can be used for nutritional, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions. The present inventors believe that it is not known that such a product can be used to feed S. Epidermidis as a prebiotics and produce metabolites in sufficient quantities on skin to kill or inhibit harmful bacteria like E. Coli, S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, or P aeries.
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice for protecting skin by inhibiting growth of harmful bacteria while nourishing and growing the skin commensal bacteria. It thus helps in improving skin barrier health.
  • a preferred aspect of the present invention relates to a towelette product which includes: a water-insoluble substrate with the hygiene composition of the present invention impregnated into the substrate.
  • the present invention relates to use of coconut fruit juice in protecting skin against harmful bacteria. Further, the present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient having INCI name cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice in a hygiene composition as a skin protecting agent. Further, it relates to use of this ingredient in a hygiene composition as skin commensal bacteria nourishing agent. Alternatively, the present invention also relates to use of coconut fruit juice in a skin care composition as prebiotic for commensal bacterium.
  • the natural ingredient coconut fruit juice is preferably used in the present invention as a powder.
  • the powder is preferably prepared by drying the juice to a solid form more preferably by the process of freeze drying.
  • a suitable commercial product of coconut fruit juice is available as Cococin from Sabinsa Corporation.
  • coconut fruit juice and its constituents have been studied and many papers published on the same.
  • Coconut fruit juice predominantly contains carbohydrates at higher than 75% and protein at 0.1 to 2%. It also contains salts of sodium, potassium, and magnesium at 0.1 to 5%.
  • a preferred aspect of the present invention relates to use of a composition
  • a composition comprising a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice and a polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health.
  • the polyhydric alcohol is preferably glycerol.
  • the use according to the invention is use of the coconut fruit juice in a hygiene composition also comprising one or more of an emollient, a humectant, water and optionally a surfactant and mixtures thereof.
  • the invention thus also provides use of the natural ingredient having I NCI name cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice in a skin care or skin cleansing composition as a skin microbiome balancing agent.
  • “Skin” as used herein is meant to include skin on any part of the body (e.g. face, neck, chest, back, arms, underarms, hands, legs, buttocks and scalp). It is especially useful for protecting the skin of babies. By babies is meant a child whose age is less than five years preferably less than three years more preferably less than a year. Such use against pathogens is preferably non-therapeutic i.e. delivered through a cosmetic or personal care composition. Further the composition of the invention and the method of the invention are also preferably for non-therapeutic use. It is to be understood that the benefits disclosed and claimed by the coconut fruit juice in the present invention could also be achieved by a composition comprising the coconut fruit juice of the present invention and by the method of the present invention.
  • compositions and method of the present invention are to be understood to be due to the inclusion of the coconut fruit juice.
  • a composition could be in the form of a leave-on composition.
  • Alternatively and equally preferably it could be delivered through a wash-off format for delivering selective protective benefit to topical areas e.g. skin and/or hair of mammals, especially humans.
  • Such a composition includes any product applied to a human body for also improving appearance, cleansing, or general aesthetics.
  • the composition of the present invention may be delivered with a topically acceptable carrier which could be an anhydrous base, liquid, or lotion or applied to the skin through a towelette product.
  • the present invention relates to use of the natural ingredient coconut fruit juice in a composition suitable for application to the skin.
  • the coconut fruit juice as per this invention is preferably a prebiotic for a skin commensal bacterium.
  • the skin commensal bacterium is preferably S. epidermidis.
  • the skin is protected as per this invention from harmful bacteria which may be E.Coli, S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, P acnes or mixtures thereof.
  • the coconut fruit juice for use in the present invention is included in such a composition at a level of from 0.01 to 10 wt%, preferably 0.05 to 5 wt% , more preferably 0.1 to 4wt%, further more preferably 1 to 4 wt%, and optimally 2.1 to 4 wt% of the composition.
  • the above percentages are by dry weight of the natural ingredient i.e these amounts are as included as a dry powder in the composition of the invention.
  • the composition may be in the form of a leave on composition or a wash off composition., preferably a leave-on composition.
  • the natural ingredient coconut fruit juice is included in a composition which is mild on skin when applied on it.
  • the pH of a composition is therefore around neutral pH and preferably in the range of 4 to 10, more preferably in the range of 5 to 8.
  • the coconut fruit juice used in the present invention is a prebiotic for a skin commensal bacteria.
  • the skin commensal bacteria preferably includes S. epidermidis.
  • the present invention is therefore intended to increase, promote, improve, maintain or sustain skin health and skin resiliency through improving the skin barrier health or NMF (natural moisturizing factor). This is attained through ensuring a healthy skin ecosystem through balanced microbiome health.
  • balanced microbiome health is meant that the ratio of commensal bacteria to harmful bacteria is maintained in a desired range for the skin health to be maintained.
  • Skin is an organ that protects the body from external stressors like heat, UV, pollutants, allergens, pathogens etc. It also prevents loss of moisture.
  • the protective role of skin is carried out by epidermal or skin barrier.
  • the skin barrier consists of different layers of stratified cells and the outermost layer consists of corneocytes embedded in a layer of lipids.
  • the major constituents of corneocytes are proteins like keratin, filaggrin etc. These proteins are essential for the formation and maintenance of a healthy skin barrier. Any damage or dysfunction of these proteins lead to defective barrier and associated skin conditions like dryness, atopic dermatitis increased susceptibility to skin infections, inability to support a healthy microbiome etc.
  • filaggrin plays a pivotal role in maintaining healthy barrier. It is a structural protein involved in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. Proteolysis of filaggrin releases free amino acids and these free amino acids are the important constituents of natural moisturization factor (NMF) which imparts skin hydration. Filaggrin maintains barrier integrity thereby preventing entry of pathogens, and other irritants and allergens. Loss of filaggrin results in skin conditions like atopic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition manifested as dry, itchy and flaky skin. Filaggrin also helps in maintaining a healthy microbiome by protecting the skin from pathogens. One of the mechanisms by which moisturizers function is by boosting filaggrin in skin. Increasing filaggrin levels on skin is a well-accepted approach for maintaining or improving skin health.
  • NMF moisturization factor
  • This invention is especially useful for use on skin of babies where the use of broad spectrum anti bacterial agents are considered too harsh as it tends to interfere with the growth and maintenance of a healthy skin microbiome for long term health of the babies as they grow into adults. It is well accepted that baby skin barrier is more vulnerable than adult skin. Baby skin barrier is more delicate and water loss from the surface is faster than in adult skin. Similarly, the microbiome of baby skin is seen to be different from that of adult skin. Soon after birth, the baby’s skin as well as skin microbiome continues to change for up to about three to five years. T ogether with the barrier function, the microbiome plays a critical role in skin’s natural defence. It is thus imperative that the skin microbiome of babies and infants should be nourished to allow for its natural growth and maturation thereby maintaining optimum skin health.
  • the composition for use in the present invention is substantially free of a conventional antimicrobial compound.
  • substantially free is meant that conventional antimicrobial actives are present in less than 0.1 wt%, more preferably less than 0.05 wt%, further more preferably less than 0.01wt%, even more further preferably less than 0.001% by weight of the composition.
  • conventional antimicrobial actives is meant an antimicrobial active which kills or inhibits bacteria which attack skin like E. Coli,S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, or P aeries among others.
  • cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice may be included in any composition suitable for application on the topical surface preferably the skin of a human or animal body, preferably human skin.
  • Preferred compositions are those of the leave- on type where the composition is applied on the skin and left thereon for a long period of time preferably up to a full day or up until the time the person takes a bath or a shower.
  • Preferred leave-on compositions are in the liquid or lotion format. Alternately the liquid may be impregnated in towelette to deliver a product commonly known as wipes for delivering the active on to skin.
  • a preferred composition as per this invention is a hygiene composition
  • a hygiene composition comprising 0.01 to 10wt % on dry basis of a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice; 0.1 to 10 wt% polyhydric alcohol and 80 to 98 wt% water.
  • Such a product is generally in the liquid form and is predominantly water along with the desired active (coconut fruit juice) and one or more other ingredient like a humectant of the polyhydric alcohol class to get other skin benefits.
  • Other suitable ingredients in the hygiene composition are one or more of an emollient, skin benefit agent, electrolyte or preservative.
  • a humectant of the polyhydric alcohol (also known as polyol) class is included in the hygiene composition of the invention.
  • Representative polyols include glycerine, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.
  • the most preferred polyols for inclusion in the composition are glycerine, hexylene glycol or mixtures thereof of which glycerine (also known as glycerol) is most preferred.
  • Amounts of the polyol may range from about 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 10%, more preferably from 1 to 7.5, optimally from about 1 to 5% by weight of the composition. Water is present in 80 to 98%, preferably 88 to 98%, more preferably 90 to 98%, most preferably 92 to 98% by weight of the composition.
  • Emollients may also be used, if desired.
  • Emollients include silicone oils and synthetic esters.
  • Silicone oils suitable for use include cyclic or linear polydimethylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 9, preferably from 4 to 5 silicon atoms.
  • Non-volatile silicone oils useful as emollients include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers.
  • the ester emollients that may optionally be used are:
  • alkenyl or alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms examples thereof include isoarachidyl neopentanoate, isononyl isonanonoate, oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate;
  • ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols
  • Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acid esters diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol (200- 6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl mono-stearate, 1,3- butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters;
  • wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, stearyl stearate and arachidyl behenate
  • Emollients when present, typically make up from 0.1 to 5 % by weight of the composition.
  • Electrolytes are preferably included in the hygiene composition of the invention.
  • the preferred electrolyte for inclusion the composition of the invention are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium citrate or combinations thereof preferably sodium chloride.
  • Electrolyte is preferably included in 0.001 to 1%, more preferably 0.01 to 1 % by weight of the composition.
  • the composition may comprise certain skin benefit agents.
  • suitable skin benefit agents include plant extracts like aloe extract, tea extract, and lemon extract; vitamins like vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A and ascorbic acid and its derivatives (e.g. magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl glucoside, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitates).
  • Skin benefit agents may be included in 0.01 to 2% by weight of the composition.
  • Suitable preservatives include alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives, propionate salts, and a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds. Particularly preferred preservatives are methyl paraben, propyl paraben, phenoxyethanol and benzyl alcohol. Preservatives are from 0.1 to 2 % by weight of the composition.
  • Preservatives which are included in compositions for their microbial stability are excluded from the definitions of antimicrobial actives mentioned above. Preservatives are included to ensure that the compositions are stable with respect to microorganisms which may grow and degrade the compositions. On the other hand, antibacterial compounds are included in compositions to hinder the growth of microorganisms which are present on the substrate (e.g skin) on which the compositions are applied.
  • Conventional antimicrobial compounds are generally those from the class of biguanides, bisphenols, halophenols, oligodynamic metal compounds like those of silver or zinc, cationic antimicrobial compounds or essential oil actives.
  • Biguanide has a general base structure which may be further derivatised e.g. chlorhexidine or polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB).
  • Bisphenols include triclosan or hexachlorophene.
  • Halophenol include chloroxylenol (PCMX).
  • Cationic compounds are another class of antimicrobial actives e.g. benzalkonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride or cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
  • a fragrance component is meant a molecule or a group of molecules that are compounded to form a perfume. The characteristic of such compounds is that they volatile (to varying degrees) and offer a pleasant odour.
  • “by substantially free” is meant that that they are present in less than 0.05wt%, more preferably less than 0.01 wt%, further more preferably less than 0.005wt%, even more further preferably less than 0.001% by weight of the composition.
  • the liquid form of the hygiene composition may be thickened using a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof or a synthetic polymer to deliver it as a lotion.
  • Thickeners that may be used in this invention include, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC), hydroxyl ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, gum karaya, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, carrageenan gum, guar gum, Irish moss, starch, modified starch, silica based thickeners including silica aerogels, magnesium aluminum silicate (e.g., Veegum), Carbomers (cross-linked acrylates) and mixtures thereof.
  • SCMC sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
  • hydroxyl ethyl cellulose hydroxyl ethyl cellulose
  • methyl cellulose methyl cellulose
  • ethyl cellulose gum tragacanth
  • gum arabic gum karaya
  • Polysaccarides like starches e.g. tapioca starch are especially preferred for inclusion in the lotion form of the hygiene composition.
  • Thickener when present, preferably makes up from 0.1 to about 5%, more preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight of the composition.
  • the hygiene composition could be packaged in a bottle, tube, roll-ball applicator, propellant driven aerosol device, squeeze container or lidded jar.
  • the invention can be delivered in the form of a towelette product. Such products are also known as wipes.
  • the present invention thus provides for a towelette product which includes (i) a water-insoluble substrate; and (ii) a hygiene composition of the invention impregnated into the substrate.
  • a “water insoluble substrate” is meant that the substrate does not dissolve in or readily break -apart upon immersion in water.
  • the towelette product of the present invention is convenient to carry and use on surfaces which are difficult to wash with a cleansing composition and / or where availability of water for rinsing is scarce or inconvenient to use.
  • Towelette products are also known as wipes.
  • a wide variety of materials may be used as the substrate.
  • suitable substrates include nonwoven substrates, woven substrates, hydroentangled substrates, air entangled substrates and the like.
  • Preferred embodiments employ nonwoven substrates since they are economical and readily available in a variety of materials.
  • nonwoven is meant that the layer is comprised of fibers which are not woven into a fabric but rather are formed into a sheet, particularly a tissue.
  • Nonwoven substrates may be comprised of a variety of materials both natural and synthetic origin.
  • natural is meant that the materials are derived from plants, animals, insects or byproducts.
  • synthetic is meant that the materials are obtained primarily from various man-made materials or from material that is usually a fibrous web comprising any of the common synthetic or natural textile-length fibers, or mixtures thereof.
  • Nonlimiting examples of natural materials useful in the present invention are silk fibers, keratin fibers and cellulosic fibers.
  • Nonlimiting examples of keratin fibers include those selected from the group comprising wool fibers, camel hair fibers, and the like.
  • Nonlimiting examples of cellulosic fibers which are preferred for use as a water-insoluble substrate in the towelette product of the present invention include those selected from the group comprising wood pulp fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers, flax fibers, and mixtures thereof.
  • Nonlimiting examples of synthetic materials useful in the present invention include those selected from the group comprising acetate fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose ester fibers, modacrylic fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, rayon fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • the most preferred towelettes comprise non woven substrates.
  • the substrate can be made into a wide variety of shapes and forms.
  • the substrate is in single use towelette form.
  • the towelettes are folded in a Z-shaped formation. They may be interleaved with one another but preferably are not interleaved.
  • the size of the towelette may range in length from 10 to 40 cm, preferably from 15 to 30 cm, optimally from 18 to 24 cm.
  • the width of the towelette may range from 8 to 30 cm, preferably from 10 to 25 cm, optimally from 15 to 20 cm. Anywhere from 5 to 100, preferably from 10 to 50 single towelettes may be stored within a dispensing pouch, preferably a moisture impermeable pouch. During storage and between dispensing, the pouch is resealable, usually via an adhesive strip covering a dispensing opening.
  • Single towelette containing pouches may also be employed.
  • the hygiene composition of the invention is impregnated in the water insoluble substrate of the towelette product.
  • the amount of the hygiene composition relative to the substrate may range from about 20: 1 to 1 : 20, preferably from 10: 1 to about 1: 10 and optimally from about 2: 1 to about 1 : 2 by weight.
  • the present invention thus provides for a composition for prevention of growth of harmful bacteria on skin.
  • Model harmful bacteria which have been tested and observed to be inhibited include E.Coli, S. Aureus, P aeruginosa, P. Acnes or mixtures thereof.
  • the advantages of the invention therefore are that it provides for use of prebiotic coconut fruit juice that nourishes skin microbiome especially of babies, helps fight harmful aggressors and protects the skin from infections and helps to deliver prebiotic moisture or prebiotic moisturization.
  • the invention is capable of caring for baby’s skin.
  • One way that the invention does this is by providing a protective barrier on skin using the body’s natural microbiome and through use of prebiotics to feed the natural microbiome. This way, the present invention develops a healthy and resilient skin and improve and build a better barrier.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that it does not disrupt the skin pH, which plays an important role in microbiome health, and replenishes skin with essential nutrients to help skin retain its natural moisture.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of protecting skin against harmful bacteria comprising the step of applying a composition comprising a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice on to skin.
  • a composition comprising a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice on to skin.
  • the invention thus provides for nourishing the good microbes thus maintaining the health of the microbiome.
  • the invention thus helps in maintaining the host microenvironment to help the right microbes flourish. It does this by maintaining the pH mantle of the host.
  • the present invention ensures that the microbiome balancing is obtained by selectively reducing the number of harm causing microbes residing on the external surface like skin whilst helping the beneficial microbes thrive.
  • Cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice for use in the present invention was sourced from supplier NP Nutra using coconuts grown and processed in Indonesia.
  • Examples 1-6 pH drop assay with test organism S. epidermidis 12228
  • S. epidermidis 12228 was inoculated to Tryptic Soy Broth corresponding to 10 5 log CFU/ml with and without active.
  • the samples were incubated aerobically under shaking condition at 37°C, 120 rpm for 24 hrs and 72 hrs. At the end of each timepoint the bacterial cells were pelleted down by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 5 mins at room temperature. The supernatants were collected, filter sterilized using 0.22prm filter (Millipore) and change in pH was measured using pH electrode (ORION STAR A211 , Thermoscientific).
  • Table - 2 above indicates that the ingredient as per the invention (Example - 9) is almost as effective as a positive control (glycerol).
  • Examples 11-13 Growth kinetics of S. Epidermidis ⁇ .
  • the growth kinetics of S. Epidermidis was measured using the protocol as given below for coconut fruit juice as compared to glycerol (as a positive control).
  • Overnight plate culture of S. epidermidis 12228 was set to 10 8 log CFU/ml in saline and serially diluted to 10 6 log CFU/ml in TSB and TSB with active (20g/l).
  • the assay was performed in 96 well plate.
  • Kinetic growth curve was measured over a period of 24 hrs with 1 hr time interval at OD 620 nm in multiscan Plate reader which was set to 37°C.
  • Table - 3 The growth kinetics data is shown in Table - 3 below: Table - 3: The data in the table - 3 above indicates that coconut juice powder is vastly superior to the positive control glycerine in enhancing growth of S. epidermidis.
  • Examples 14-15 Growth inhibition of S. aureus: The inhibition kinetics of S. aureus was measured using the protocol as given below for coconut fruit juice as compared to TSB ferment
  • Example - 16 A liquid hygiene composition as per the present invention is given in Table - 5 below: Table - 5
  • Example - 17 A hygiene composition in lotion format as per the invention is given in Table - 6 below:
  • Example - 17 A towelette product was prepared by impregnating 4.25 g of the liquid hygiene composition as shown in Table - 7 in 1 g of a cellulose/viscose fabric.
  • cococin and glycerol ferments of S. epidermidis on skin barrier/hydration marker filaggrin.
  • S. epidermidis 12228 was grown in T ryptic Soy Broth containing increasing concentration of the actives cococin or only glycerol (0.5, 1,2, 5%) and mixtures these as shown in table -8.
  • the samples were incubated aerobically under shaking condition at 37°C, 120rpm for 48 hours. Post incubation the cell free supernatants were sterilized using 0.22 mM filters are used for treating keratinocytes to evaluate the induction of filaggrin (FLG) gene expression.
  • FLG filaggrin
  • HaCaT cells were grown and maintained in high glucose DMEM supplemented with 0.03mM Calcium chloride, 1mM sodium pyruvate and 10% FBS (foetal Bovine Serum) at 37°C with 5%C0 2 .
  • Cells at 80% confluence were trypsinized and plated in 24 well plate at a density of 80,000 cells/well. Post confluency the cells were differentiated for 72 hours by adding differentiation medium containing 2.8 mM Calcium chloride. After differentiation, the cells were treated with 1:10 dilution of 0.22mM filter sterilized S. epidermidis ferments in differentiation medium for 24 hours. Following treatment HaCaT cells were harvested, RNA was isolated and used for gene expression studies by qPCR analysis.

Abstract

The present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient coconut fruit juice for protection of skin against harmful bacteria. The present invention is especially useful in formulating compositions comprising this ingredient which acts as a prebiotic by skin commensal bacteria like S. epidermidis to produce metabolites like lactic acid which by way of the present invention has been shown to inhibit growth of harmful bacteria like E. Coli, S. Aureus among others. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising this natural ingredient along with polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health.

Description

USE OF COCONUT FRUIT JUICE FOR HYGIENE BENEFITS AND COMPOSITIONS
THEREOF
Field of the invention The present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient coconut fruit juice for protection of skin against harmful bacteria by way of improving skin barrier health. The present invention is especially useful in formulating compositions comprising this ingredient which acts as a prebiotic by skin commensal bacteria like S. epidermidis to produce metabolites like lactic acid which by way of the present invention has been shown to inhibit growth of harmful bacteria like E. Coli, S. Aureus among others. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising this natural ingredient along with polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health.
Background of the invention Skin in mammals are considered as one of the largest organs in the body, especially one which has the largest surface area. Skin forms the first line of defense against microorganisms which may invade the body though the air, water, food or material that come in contact with the body. When the body is infected on the skin or systemically, traditional approach to such hygiene problems has been to treat the skin/ body with antimicrobial actives that reduce or kill the germs. Recent research indicates that a lot of the bacteria that permanently reside on the skin (called skin commensal bacteria) do not actually cause infections, rather they are beneficial bacteria that protect the skin against disease causing pathogens. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the protection and some of the popular ones are: physically occupying space on skin to prevent colonization of pathogens; producing metabolites that ward of harmful possibly pathogenic organisms; generating metabolites that strengthen the innate defense mechanisms to prevent infection by harmful pathogens; and providing other benefits such as maintaining skin pH, barrier function etc. Thus, of late, there is a trend in moving away from the approach of treating the skin with broad spectrum antimicrobial actives to kill all micro-organisms present on skin (or any other part of the body) as a means of treating infections. Rather, the approach is more towards targeted or selective inhibition/ killing of the desired microorganism to the exclusion of the skin commensal organism. This ensures that the skin microbiome is maintained in a healthy balanced state for long term hygiene and health. The present inventors, in looking to solve the problem of selective kill of harmful bacteria on skin like E.coli and S. aureus directed their research to boosting the number and functionality of skin commensal bacteria through use of prebiotics.
They found, during the course of the research, that S. epidermidis present on skin grow in the presence of a natural ingredient like coconut fruit juice, the metabolites of which inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria including pathogens. To the knowledge of the present inventors the use of such a product is not known for the above purpose.
EP1341547 discloses coconut water and its method of preparation. This publication discloses that this can be used for nutritional, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions. The present inventors believe that it is not known that such a product can be used to feed S. Epidermidis as a prebiotics and produce metabolites in sufficient quantities on skin to kill or inhibit harmful bacteria like E. Coli, S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, or P aeries.
It is an object of the present invention to provide for actives and compositions comprising the same for improved skin barrier health.
It is another object of the present invention to provide for a composition for use in inhibiting growth of harmful microorganisms on the skin.
It is another object of the present invention to provide for a composition that protects the skin against harmful bacteria without the need for a traditional antimicrobial active thereby maintaining the skin’s natural microbiome.
Summary of the invention
The first aspect of the present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice for protecting skin by inhibiting growth of harmful bacteria while nourishing and growing the skin commensal bacteria. It thus helps in improving skin barrier health.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of protecting skin against harmful bacteria comprising the step of applying a composition comprising a natural ingredient having INCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice on to skin. Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to a hygiene composition comprising
(i) 0.01 to 10 wt % a natural ingredient having INCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice;
(ii) 0.1 to 10 wt% polyhydric alcohol; and
(iii) 80 to 98 wt% water.
A preferred aspect of the present invention relates to a towelette product which includes: a water-insoluble substrate with the hygiene composition of the present invention impregnated into the substrate.
Detailed description of the invention
These and other aspects, features and advantages will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description and the appended claims. For the avoidance of doubt, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may be utilized in any other aspect of the invention. The word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of” or “composed of.” In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. It is noted that the examples given in the description below are intended to clarify the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to those examples per se. Similarly, all percentages are weight/weight percentages unless otherwise indicated. Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description and claims indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”. Numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" are understood to include x and y. When for a specific feature multiple preferred ranges are described in the format "from x to y", it is understood that all ranges combining the different endpoints are also contemplated.
The present invention relates to use of coconut fruit juice in protecting skin against harmful bacteria. Further, the present invention relates to use of a natural ingredient having INCI name cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice in a hygiene composition as a skin protecting agent. Further, it relates to use of this ingredient in a hygiene composition as skin commensal bacteria nourishing agent. Alternatively, the present invention also relates to use of coconut fruit juice in a skin care composition as prebiotic for commensal bacterium.
The natural ingredient coconut fruit juice is preferably used in the present invention as a powder. The powder is preferably prepared by drying the juice to a solid form more preferably by the process of freeze drying. A suitable commercial product of coconut fruit juice is available as Cococin from Sabinsa Corporation.
Coconut fruit juice and its constituents have been studied and many papers published on the same. Coconut fruit juice predominantly contains carbohydrates at higher than 75% and protein at 0.1 to 2%. It also contains salts of sodium, potassium, and magnesium at 0.1 to 5%.
Any preference described hereinbelow with regard to one aspect of the invention (e.g. the use according to the invention is also preferred in the other aspects of the invention viz. the method or the composition.
A preferred aspect of the present invention relates to use of a composition comprising a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice and a polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health. The polyhydric alcohol is preferably glycerol.
It is also preferred that the use according to the invention is use of the coconut fruit juice in a hygiene composition also comprising one or more of an emollient, a humectant, water and optionally a surfactant and mixtures thereof.
The invention thus also provides use of the natural ingredient having I NCI name cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice in a skin care or skin cleansing composition as a skin microbiome balancing agent.
“Skin” as used herein is meant to include skin on any part of the body (e.g. face, neck, chest, back, arms, underarms, hands, legs, buttocks and scalp). It is especially useful for protecting the skin of babies. By babies is meant a child whose age is less than five years preferably less than three years more preferably less than a year. Such use against pathogens is preferably non-therapeutic i.e. delivered through a cosmetic or personal care composition. Further the composition of the invention and the method of the invention are also preferably for non-therapeutic use. It is to be understood that the benefits disclosed and claimed by the coconut fruit juice in the present invention could also be achieved by a composition comprising the coconut fruit juice of the present invention and by the method of the present invention. Conversely, the benefits disclosed and claimed in the composition and method of the present invention are to be understood to be due to the inclusion of the coconut fruit juice. Such a composition could be in the form of a leave-on composition. Alternatively and equally preferably it could be delivered through a wash-off format for delivering selective protective benefit to topical areas e.g. skin and/or hair of mammals, especially humans. Such a composition includes any product applied to a human body for also improving appearance, cleansing, or general aesthetics. The composition of the present invention may be delivered with a topically acceptable carrier which could be an anhydrous base, liquid, or lotion or applied to the skin through a towelette product. Thus, the present invention relates to use of the natural ingredient coconut fruit juice in a composition suitable for application to the skin.
The coconut fruit juice as per this invention is preferably a prebiotic for a skin commensal bacterium. The skin commensal bacterium is preferably S. epidermidis. The skin is protected as per this invention from harmful bacteria which may be E.Coli, S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, P acnes or mixtures thereof.
The coconut fruit juice for use in the present invention is included in such a composition at a level of from 0.01 to 10 wt%, preferably 0.05 to 5 wt% , more preferably 0.1 to 4wt%, further more preferably 1 to 4 wt%, and optimally 2.1 to 4 wt% of the composition. The above percentages are by dry weight of the natural ingredient i.e these amounts are as included as a dry powder in the composition of the invention. The composition may be in the form of a leave on composition or a wash off composition., preferably a leave-on composition.
It is preferred that the natural ingredient coconut fruit juice is included in a composition which is mild on skin when applied on it. The pH of a composition is therefore around neutral pH and preferably in the range of 4 to 10, more preferably in the range of 5 to 8. Without wishing to be bound by theory the present inventors believe that the coconut fruit juice used in the present invention is a prebiotic for a skin commensal bacteria. The skin commensal bacteria preferably includes S. epidermidis.
The present invention is therefore intended to increase, promote, improve, maintain or sustain skin health and skin resiliency through improving the skin barrier health or NMF (natural moisturizing factor). This is attained through ensuring a healthy skin ecosystem through balanced microbiome health. By balanced microbiome health is meant that the ratio of commensal bacteria to harmful bacteria is maintained in a desired range for the skin health to be maintained.
Skin is an organ that protects the body from external stressors like heat, UV, pollutants, allergens, pathogens etc. It also prevents loss of moisture. The protective role of skin is carried out by epidermal or skin barrier. The skin barrier consists of different layers of stratified cells and the outermost layer consists of corneocytes embedded in a layer of lipids. The major constituents of corneocytes are proteins like keratin, filaggrin etc. These proteins are essential for the formation and maintenance of a healthy skin barrier. Any damage or dysfunction of these proteins lead to defective barrier and associated skin conditions like dryness, atopic dermatitis increased susceptibility to skin infections, inability to support a healthy microbiome etc.
Among the skin proteins, filaggrin play a pivotal role in maintaining healthy barrier. It is a structural protein involved in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. Proteolysis of filaggrin releases free amino acids and these free amino acids are the important constituents of natural moisturization factor (NMF) which imparts skin hydration. Filaggrin maintains barrier integrity thereby preventing entry of pathogens, and other irritants and allergens. Loss of filaggrin results in skin conditions like atopic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition manifested as dry, itchy and flaky skin. Filaggrin also helps in maintaining a healthy microbiome by protecting the skin from pathogens. One of the mechanisms by which moisturizers function is by boosting filaggrin in skin. Increasing filaggrin levels on skin is a well-accepted approach for maintaining or improving skin health.
This invention is especially useful for use on skin of babies where the use of broad spectrum anti bacterial agents are considered too harsh as it tends to interfere with the growth and maintenance of a healthy skin microbiome for long term health of the babies as they grow into adults. It is well accepted that baby skin barrier is more vulnerable than adult skin. Baby skin barrier is more delicate and water loss from the surface is faster than in adult skin. Similarly, the microbiome of baby skin is seen to be different from that of adult skin. Soon after birth, the baby’s skin as well as skin microbiome continues to change for up to about three to five years. T ogether with the barrier function, the microbiome plays a critical role in skin’s natural defence. It is thus imperative that the skin microbiome of babies and infants should be nourished to allow for its natural growth and maturation thereby maintaining optimum skin health.
Thus, whether used on skin of babies or others, the composition for use in the present invention is substantially free of a conventional antimicrobial compound. By substantially free is meant that conventional antimicrobial actives are present in less than 0.1 wt%, more preferably less than 0.05 wt%, further more preferably less than 0.01wt%, even more further preferably less than 0.001% by weight of the composition. By conventional antimicrobial actives is meant an antimicrobial active which kills or inhibits bacteria which attack skin like E. Coli,S. Aureus, P Aeruginosa, or P aeries among others.
The natural ingredient cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice may be included in any composition suitable for application on the topical surface preferably the skin of a human or animal body, preferably human skin. Preferred compositions are those of the leave- on type where the composition is applied on the skin and left thereon for a long period of time preferably up to a full day or up until the time the person takes a bath or a shower. Preferred leave-on compositions are in the liquid or lotion format. Alternately the liquid may be impregnated in towelette to deliver a product commonly known as wipes for delivering the active on to skin.
Thus, a preferred composition as per this invention is a hygiene composition comprising 0.01 to 10wt % on dry basis of a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice; 0.1 to 10 wt% polyhydric alcohol and 80 to 98 wt% water. Such a product is generally in the liquid form and is predominantly water along with the desired active (coconut fruit juice) and one or more other ingredient like a humectant of the polyhydric alcohol class to get other skin benefits. Other suitable ingredients in the hygiene composition are one or more of an emollient, skin benefit agent, electrolyte or preservative. Typically, a humectant of the polyhydric alcohol (also known as polyol) class is included in the hygiene composition of the invention. Representative polyols include glycerine, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof. The most preferred polyols for inclusion in the composition are glycerine, hexylene glycol or mixtures thereof of which glycerine (also known as glycerol) is most preferred. Amounts of the polyol may range from about 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 10%, more preferably from 1 to 7.5, optimally from about 1 to 5% by weight of the composition. Water is present in 80 to 98%, preferably 88 to 98%, more preferably 90 to 98%, most preferably 92 to 98% by weight of the composition.
Emollients may also be used, if desired. Emollients include silicone oils and synthetic esters. Silicone oils suitable for use include cyclic or linear polydimethylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 9, preferably from 4 to 5 silicon atoms. Non-volatile silicone oils useful as emollients include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers. The non-volatile polyalkyl siloxanes useful polydimethylsiloxanes. The ester emollients that may optionally be used are:
(i) alkenyl or alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include isoarachidyl neopentanoate, isononyl isonanonoate, oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate;
(ii) ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols;
(iii) polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol (200- 6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl mono-stearate, 1,3- butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters;
(iv) wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, stearyl stearate and arachidyl behenate; and,
(v) sterols esters, of which cholesterol fatty acid esters are examples.
Emollients, when present, typically make up from 0.1 to 5 % by weight of the composition. Electrolytes are preferably included in the hygiene composition of the invention. The preferred electrolyte for inclusion the composition of the invention are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium citrate or combinations thereof preferably sodium chloride. Electrolyte is preferably included in 0.001 to 1%, more preferably 0.01 to 1 % by weight of the composition.
The composition may comprise certain skin benefit agents. Suitable skin benefit agents include plant extracts like aloe extract, tea extract, and lemon extract; vitamins like vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin A and ascorbic acid and its derivatives (e.g. magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl glucoside, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitates). Skin benefit agents may be included in 0.01 to 2% by weight of the composition.
Suitable preservatives include alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives, propionate salts, and a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds. Particularly preferred preservatives are methyl paraben, propyl paraben, phenoxyethanol and benzyl alcohol. Preservatives are from 0.1 to 2 % by weight of the composition.
Preservatives which are included in compositions for their microbial stability are excluded from the definitions of antimicrobial actives mentioned above. Preservatives are included to ensure that the compositions are stable with respect to microorganisms which may grow and degrade the compositions. On the other hand, antibacterial compounds are included in compositions to hinder the growth of microorganisms which are present on the substrate (e.g skin) on which the compositions are applied.
Conventional antimicrobial compounds are generally those from the class of biguanides, bisphenols, halophenols, oligodynamic metal compounds like those of silver or zinc, cationic antimicrobial compounds or essential oil actives. Biguanide has a general base structure which may be further derivatised e.g. chlorhexidine or polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). Bisphenols include triclosan or hexachlorophene. Halophenol include chloroxylenol (PCMX). Cationic compounds are another class of antimicrobial actives e.g. benzalkonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium chloride or cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. When the composition of the invention is formulated for use on skin of babies, it is preferred that it is substantially free of a fragrance component. By a fragrance component is meant a molecule or a group of molecules that are compounded to form a perfume. The characteristic of such compounds is that they volatile (to varying degrees) and offer a pleasant odour. In the context of perfumes or fragrance component, “by substantially free” is meant that that they are present in less than 0.05wt%, more preferably less than 0.01 wt%, further more preferably less than 0.005wt%, even more further preferably less than 0.001% by weight of the composition.
The liquid form of the hygiene composition may be thickened using a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof or a synthetic polymer to deliver it as a lotion. Thickeners that may be used in this invention include, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC), hydroxyl ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, gum karaya, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, carrageenan gum, guar gum, Irish moss, starch, modified starch, silica based thickeners including silica aerogels, magnesium aluminum silicate (e.g., Veegum), Carbomers (cross-linked acrylates) and mixtures thereof. Polysaccarides like starches e.g. tapioca starch are especially preferred for inclusion in the lotion form of the hygiene composition. Thickener, when present, preferably makes up from 0.1 to about 5%, more preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight of the composition.
The hygiene composition could be packaged in a bottle, tube, roll-ball applicator, propellant driven aerosol device, squeeze container or lidded jar.
The invention can be delivered in the form of a towelette product. Such products are also known as wipes. The present invention thus provides for a towelette product which includes (i) a water-insoluble substrate; and (ii) a hygiene composition of the invention impregnated into the substrate.
By a "water insoluble substrate" is meant that the substrate does not dissolve in or readily break -apart upon immersion in water. The towelette product of the present invention is convenient to carry and use on surfaces which are difficult to wash with a cleansing composition and / or where availability of water for rinsing is scarce or inconvenient to use. Towelette products are also known as wipes. A wide variety of materials may be used as the substrate. Nonlimiting examples of suitable substrates include nonwoven substrates, woven substrates, hydroentangled substrates, air entangled substrates and the like. Preferred embodiments employ nonwoven substrates since they are economical and readily available in a variety of materials. By "nonwoven" is meant that the layer is comprised of fibers which are not woven into a fabric but rather are formed into a sheet, particularly a tissue.
Nonwoven substrates may be comprised of a variety of materials both natural and synthetic origin. By natural is meant that the materials are derived from plants, animals, insects or byproducts. By synthetic is meant that the materials are obtained primarily from various man-made materials or from material that is usually a fibrous web comprising any of the common synthetic or natural textile-length fibers, or mixtures thereof.
Nonlimiting examples of natural materials useful in the present invention are silk fibers, keratin fibers and cellulosic fibers. Nonlimiting examples of keratin fibers include those selected from the group comprising wool fibers, camel hair fibers, and the like. Nonlimiting examples of cellulosic fibers which are preferred for use as a water-insoluble substrate in the towelette product of the present invention include those selected from the group comprising wood pulp fibers, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers, flax fibers, and mixtures thereof.
Nonlimiting examples of synthetic materials useful in the present invention include those selected from the group comprising acetate fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose ester fibers, modacrylic fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, rayon fibers and mixtures thereof.
For the purposes of the present invention the most preferred towelettes comprise non woven substrates. The substrate can be made into a wide variety of shapes and forms. Generally, the substrate is in single use towelette form. Advantageously, the towelettes are folded in a Z-shaped formation. They may be interleaved with one another but preferably are not interleaved. Advantageously the size of the towelette may range in length from 10 to 40 cm, preferably from 15 to 30 cm, optimally from 18 to 24 cm. The width of the towelette may range from 8 to 30 cm, preferably from 10 to 25 cm, optimally from 15 to 20 cm. Anywhere from 5 to 100, preferably from 10 to 50 single towelettes may be stored within a dispensing pouch, preferably a moisture impermeable pouch. During storage and between dispensing, the pouch is resealable, usually via an adhesive strip covering a dispensing opening. Single towelette containing pouches may also be employed.
The hygiene composition of the invention is impregnated in the water insoluble substrate of the towelette product. The amount of the hygiene composition relative to the substrate may range from about 20: 1 to 1 : 20, preferably from 10: 1 to about 1: 10 and optimally from about 2: 1 to about 1 : 2 by weight.
Through extensive experiments, the present inventors observed robust increase in various metabolites like fatty acids, organic acids, and diols on application of the coconut fruit juice on normal skin. Organic acids predominant of which was lactic acid was observed as the model metabolite. Lactic acid is seen to have multiple skin benefits such as hydration, resilience and barrier function. Such an increase in metabolites like lactic acid which is seen to inhibit growth of harmful microorganisms in the present invention is not observed with other commonly known and used natural ingredients tested like fennumannans, colloidal oats, inulin, potato starch, and FT starch. Thus, coconut fruit juice tends to unexpectedly give the benefits of the present invention while other similar materials do not.
The present invention thus provides for a composition for prevention of growth of harmful bacteria on skin. Model harmful bacteria which have been tested and observed to be inhibited include E.Coli, S. Aureus, P aeruginosa, P. Acnes or mixtures thereof.
The advantages of the invention therefore are that it provides for use of prebiotic coconut fruit juice that nourishes skin microbiome especially of babies, helps fight harmful aggressors and protects the skin from infections and helps to deliver prebiotic moisture or prebiotic moisturization. In another sense, the invention is capable of caring for baby’s skin. One way that the invention does this is by providing a protective barrier on skin using the body’s natural microbiome and through use of prebiotics to feed the natural microbiome. This way, the present invention develops a healthy and resilient skin and improve and build a better barrier. Another advantage of the present invention is that it does not disrupt the skin pH, which plays an important role in microbiome health, and replenishes skin with essential nutrients to help skin retain its natural moisture. The present invention also relates to a method of protecting skin against harmful bacteria comprising the step of applying a composition comprising a natural ingredient having I NCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice on to skin. By this method the skin is protected from the harmful bacteria as a result of metabolites produced by the skin commensal bacteria treated with said natural ingredient. The method is therefore useful for improving the skin barrier health.
The invention thus provides for nourishing the good microbes thus maintaining the health of the microbiome. The invention thus helps in maintaining the host microenvironment to help the right microbes flourish. It does this by maintaining the pH mantle of the host. Alternatively, the present invention ensures that the microbiome balancing is obtained by selectively reducing the number of harm causing microbes residing on the external surface like skin whilst helping the beneficial microbes thrive.
Cocos nucifera (coconut) fruit juice for use in the present invention was sourced from supplier NP Nutra using coconuts grown and processed in Indonesia.
The invention will now be demonstrated with the help of the following non-limiting examples.
Examples
Examples 1-6: pH drop assay with test organism S. epidermidis 12228
The ingredients as shown in Table -1 were tested (using the protocol as given below) for its ability in being metabolised by the test organism S. epidermidis to form a metabolite acid. The pH after 24 hours was measured and is listed in Table - 1.
S. epidermidis 12228 was inoculated to Tryptic Soy Broth corresponding to 105 log CFU/ml with and without active. The samples were incubated aerobically under shaking condition at 37°C, 120 rpm for 24 hrs and 72 hrs. At the end of each timepoint the bacterial cells were pelleted down by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 5 mins at room temperature. The supernatants were collected, filter sterilized using 0.22prm filter (Millipore) and change in pH was measured using pH electrode (ORION STAR A211 , Thermoscientific).
Table - 1
Figure imgf000015_0001
The data in the table -1 above indicates that coconut fruit juice powder has the best potential to be a prebiotic for S. epidermidis among all the actives tested.
Examples 7-10: Determination of % lactic acid for the most promising actives
The most promising actives (coconut fruit juice powder and fennumannans) as per data in Table -1 above were tested for lactic acid production (in comparison to glycerol as a positive control) as per the protocol given below.
The quantification of lactic acid was done using DL lactic acid kit from Megazyme. The experiment was carried out as per the manufacturers protocol. The data is summarised in Table - 2 below:
Table - 2
Figure imgf000016_0001
Figure imgf000016_0002
above indicates that the ingredient as per the invention (Example - 9) is almost as effective as a positive control (glycerol).
Examples 11-13: Growth kinetics of S. Epidermidis·.
The growth kinetics of S. Epidermidis was measured using the protocol as given below for coconut fruit juice as compared to glycerol (as a positive control).
GIVE THE PROTOCOL
Overnight plate culture of S. epidermidis 12228 was set to 108 log CFU/ml in saline and serially diluted to 106 log CFU/ml in TSB and TSB with active (20g/l). The assay was performed in 96 well plate. Kinetic growth curve was measured over a period of 24 hrs with 1 hr time interval at OD 620 nm in multiscan Plate reader which was set to 37°C.
The growth kinetics data is shown in Table - 3 below: Table - 3:
Figure imgf000016_0003
The data in the table - 3 above indicates that coconut juice powder is vastly superior to the positive control glycerine in enhancing growth of S. epidermidis.
Examples 14-15: Growth inhibition of S. aureus: The inhibition kinetics of S. aureus was measured using the protocol as given below for coconut fruit juice as compared to TSB ferment
Growth kinetics of S. aureus ATCC 6538 was monitored in presence of coconut fruit juice extract ferments of S. epidermidis. Test bacteria corresponding to 105 CFU/ml were added to TSB containing equal volumes of ferments. Kinetic growth curve was measured over a period of 24 hrs at optical density 620 nm in Multiscan plate reader at 37°C.
The data is shown in Table - 4 below:
Table - 4:
Figure imgf000017_0001
The data in the Table - 4 above indicates that the active as per the invention is capable of inhibiting growth of S. aureus.
Example - 16: A liquid hygiene composition as per the present invention is given in Table - 5 below: Table - 5
Figure imgf000018_0001
Example - 17: A hygiene composition in lotion format as per the invention is given in Table - 6 below:
Table - 6:
Figure imgf000018_0002
Example - 17: A towelette product was prepared by impregnating 4.25 g of the liquid hygiene composition as shown in Table - 7 in 1 g of a cellulose/viscose fabric.
Table -7:
Figure imgf000018_0003
Examples 18 - 37: Fold change in filaggrin gene expression
Individual actives viz coconut fruit juice and glycerol at various concentrations and combinations of these were tested for filaggrin gene expression using the following method.
Objective
To evaluate the synergistic benefits of cococin and glycerol ferments of S. epidermidis on skin barrier/hydration marker filaggrin.
Materials and methods
Preparation of cococin and glycerol ferments
S. epidermidis 12228 was grown in T ryptic Soy Broth containing increasing concentration of the actives cococin or only glycerol (0.5, 1,2, 5%) and mixtures these as shown in table -8. The samples were incubated aerobically under shaking condition at 37°C, 120rpm for 48 hours. Post incubation the cell free supernatants were sterilized using 0.22 mM filters are used for treating keratinocytes to evaluate the induction of filaggrin (FLG) gene expression.
Gene expression studies in keratinocytes.
HaCaT cells were grown and maintained in high glucose DMEM supplemented with 0.03mM Calcium chloride, 1mM sodium pyruvate and 10% FBS (foetal Bovine Serum) at 37°C with 5%C02. Cells at 80% confluence were trypsinized and plated in 24 well plate at a density of 80,000 cells/well. Post confluency the cells were differentiated for 72 hours by adding differentiation medium containing 2.8 mM Calcium chloride. After differentiation, the cells were treated with 1:10 dilution of 0.22mM filter sterilized S. epidermidis ferments in differentiation medium for 24 hours. Following treatment HaCaT cells were harvested, RNA was isolated and used for gene expression studies by qPCR analysis.
After treatment with bacterial ferments for 24 hours, the cells were harvested in RNA lysis buffer, and RNA was isolated from the lysates as per the instructions given in the kit. The quality and the quantity of the total RNA isolated was analysed using 2100 Agilent Bioanalyzer. Reverse transcription was performed using iScript cDNA synthesis kit. Quantitative real time PCR was performed on 7500 fast real time PCR system (Applied Biosystems) using sigma KiCqStart™ SYBR® Green qPCR ReadyMix™. Primers used were the following.
Human b-actin forward primer:5’- AGAGCTACGAGCTGCCTGAC-3', reverse primer: 5’- AGCACTGTGTTGGCGTACAG-3', Human FLG forward primer 5’- GCTCTAGGCACTCAGCATCC-3', reverse primer 5’- GAGCCGTCTCCTGATTGTTC- 3'.
Amplification was carried out at 95°C for 30 seconds as the first step, followed by 40 cycles of qRT-PCR at 95°C for 5 seconds, and at 60°C for 20 seconds. mRNA expression was measured in duplicate and was normalized to b-actin expression levels. Fold change was calculated by 2_DDa method. The data is summarised in table -8 below: Table - 8
Figure imgf000020_0001
The data in the table above indicates that combinations of coconut fruit juice along with glycerol (Examples 26 to 37) show vast improvement in filaggrin gene expression over that of the individual components (Examples 18 to 25) most of which is synergistic improvement.

Claims

Claims
1. Use of a natural ingredient having INCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice for improving skin barrier health. .
2. Use of a composition comprising a natural ingredient having INCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice and a polyhydric alcohol for improving skin barrier health.
3. Use as claimed in claim 2 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is glycerol.
4. Use as claimed in claim 1 or 2 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.01 to 10% of said natural ingredient by weight of the composition.
5. Use as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition is substantially free of a conventional antimicrobial compound.
6. A method of improving skin barrier health comprising the step of applying a composition as claimed in claim 2.
7. A hygiene composition comprising
(i) 0.01 to 10 wt % a natural ingredient having INCI name Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) fruit Juice;
(ii) 0.1 to 10 wt% polyhydric alcohol; and (iii) 80 to 98 wt% water.
8. A hygiene composition as claimed in claim 7 additionally comprising a 0.1 to 5% polysaccharide.
9. A towelette product which includes: (i) a water-insoluble substrate; and
(ii) a hygiene composition as claimed in claim 7 or 8 impregnated into the substrate.
10. A towelette product as claimed in claim 9 wherein the weight ratio of the water- insoluble substrate and the hygiene composition is the range of 20:1 to 1:20.
PCT/EP2022/066576 2021-06-21 2022-06-17 Use of coconut fruit juice for hygiene benefits and compositions thereof WO2022268659A1 (en)

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Citations (7)

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EP1341547A1 (en) 2000-11-15 2003-09-10 Sabinsa Corporation The method of preparation and use of coconut water in mamalian tissue nourishment, growth and healthy maintenance
JP2006262768A (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Ueda Holdings:Kk Health food and skin inflammation soothing agent
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