WO2022268607A1 - Vitrage feuilleté ayant des propriétés de réflexion diffuse et un élément fonctionnel électrochrome - Google Patents

Vitrage feuilleté ayant des propriétés de réflexion diffuse et un élément fonctionnel électrochrome Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022268607A1
WO2022268607A1 PCT/EP2022/066322 EP2022066322W WO2022268607A1 WO 2022268607 A1 WO2022268607 A1 WO 2022268607A1 EP 2022066322 W EP2022066322 W EP 2022066322W WO 2022268607 A1 WO2022268607 A1 WO 2022268607A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
functional element
layer
electrochromic functional
laminated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/066322
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michele CAPPUCCILLI
Florence JACQUES
Cecile Ozanam
Patrick Gayout
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to EP22734274.8A priority Critical patent/EP4359211A1/fr
Priority to CN202280003012.2A priority patent/CN115734873A/zh
Publication of WO2022268607A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022268607A1/fr

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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10513—Electrochromic layer
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    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
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    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0284—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/23—Optical features of instruments using reflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/60—Structural details of dashboards or instruments
    • B60K2360/66—Projection screens or combiners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
    • B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0145—Head-up displays characterised by optical features creating an intermediate image

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated pane which has an electrochromic functional element and has diffusely reflecting properties, a projection arrangement, a method for producing the laminated pane and its use.
  • diffusely reflecting elements in laminated glass, which are transparent as such and serve as a projection surface for displaying information, is known.
  • the diffusely reflecting elements can be used in projection arrangements, such as in head-up displays, as a projection surface in laminated glass.
  • a head-up display is a display system that allows the viewer to maintain their line of sight because the visual information is projected into their field of view. Projectors are used as the imaging unit, which project the image onto the projection element.
  • Diffuse reflection is conceptually understood as non-directional reflection.
  • a diffusely reflecting element for example, an image from a projector directed from the interior of a vehicle onto the inner pane of the vehicle glazing is displayed, with the diffusely reflecting element showing a real image in the plane of the laminated pane.
  • a real image differs from a virtual image, the virtual image being in a different plane than the projection plane and the real image being shown in the projection plane.
  • substrates with liquid crystal coatings materials with reflective functions, e.g., multilayer optical films, or others can be used as diffusely reflecting elements.
  • substrates with a structured surface are also possible, e.g. a plastic or a glass with a structured surface that has a reflective coating.
  • WO 2019/242915 A1 discloses a method for producing a laminated pane with a polarization-selective coating based on liquid crystals in a cholesteric phase.
  • Transparent layer elements with diffuse reflection properties based on structured substrates made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass are described, for example, in WO 2018/109375 A1, WO 2015/063418 A1 and WO 2018142050 A1.
  • the transparent layer elements can serve as diffusely reflecting elements.
  • EP 3 457 210 A1 discloses an image projection structure based on a transparent layer having an irregular surface on which a reflection layer is arranged.
  • JP 2017090617 A discloses the combination of a display element with a dimmable element in order to protect user privacy.
  • CN 111487831 A discloses a projection arrangement in which an electrochromic element is arranged in front of the display element when viewed from the viewer in order to be able to hide the display element when the projector is switched off.
  • EP 3825 765 A1 discloses a composite pane with a reflective screen in which a light control layer is arranged behind the reflective layer as seen from the viewer.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved laminated pane with diffusely reflecting properties.
  • the object of the present invention is solved by a laminated pane according to independent claim 1 .
  • the invention also relates to a projection arrangement, a method for producing the composite pane and the use of the composite pane, according to the further independent claims. Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • the invention relates to a laminated pane at least comprising an outer pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, an electrochromic functional element, a first laminating layer, a reflective layer and an inner pane with an outer surface and an inner surface.
  • the outer surface of the inner pane has at least one structured area
  • the first laminating layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane
  • the electrochromic functional element is arranged between the outer pane and the first laminating layer.
  • the reflective layer is formed as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane, at least in the structured area, and the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element.
  • the description that the reflective layer is formed as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane at least in the structured area means that the reflective layer is formed as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane, the coating being arranged at least in the area is in which the outer surface of the inner pane is structured.
  • the reflective layer can, for example, be arranged as a coating only on the structured area of the outer surface of the inner pane or can extend over the entire surface of the entire outer surface of the inner pane.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside surface, i.e. an outer surface, and an interior side surface, i.e. an inner surface, as described above, and a peripheral side edge extending therebetween.
  • the outer surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position.
  • inner surface designates that main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position.
  • the inner surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face each other in the laminated pane according to the invention.
  • the surfaces of the disks are typically designated as follows:
  • the outside surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I.
  • the surface of the outer pane on the interior side is referred to as side II.
  • the outside The surface of the inner pane is referred to as side III.
  • the interior surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV.
  • the inner pane within the meaning of the invention refers to the pane facing the interior (vehicle interior).
  • the outer pane refers to the pane facing the outside environment.
  • the structured area is thus arranged completely in the area in which the electrochromic functional element is arranged.
  • the first laminating layer can be a thermoplastic interlayer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
  • the first laminating layer can be, for example, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, cast resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene and/or a mixture and /or contain or consist of a copolymer thereof.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • ethylene vinyl acetate polyurethane
  • polypropylene polyacrylate
  • polyethylene polycarbonate
  • polymethyl methacrylate polyvinyl chloride
  • polyacetate resin polyacetate resin
  • cast resin acrylate
  • fluorinated ethylene propylene polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluor
  • the first laminating layer particularly preferably contains ethylene vinyl acetate or polyvinyl butyral, very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the electrochromic functional element is designed as a coating on the inner surface of the outer pane.
  • the invention also includes a composite pane at least comprising an outer pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, an electrochromic functional element, a first laminating layer, a reflective layer and an inner pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, the outer surface of the inner pane having at least one structured area, the first laminating layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, the electrochromic functional element is designed as a coating on the inner surface of the outer pane, the reflective layer as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane at least in is formed in the structured area and the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element.
  • the composite pane according to the invention additionally comprises a second laminating layer, which is arranged between the electrochromic functional element and the outer pane.
  • the electrochromic functional element is thus arranged between the second laminating layer and the first laminating layer, adjoining the first laminating layer and the second laminating layer.
  • the invention therefore also includes a laminated pane at least comprising an outer pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, a second laminating layer, an electrochromic functional element, a first laminating layer, a reflective layer and an inner pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, the outer surface of the inner pane having at least one has a structured area, the first laminating layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, the electrochromic functional element is arranged between the outer pane and the first laminating layer, the second laminating layer is arranged between the outer pane and the electrochromic functional element, the reflective layer as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane is formed at least in the structured area and the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element.
  • the second laminating layer is a thermoplastic interlayer or an optically clear adhesive (OCA).
  • the second laminating layer can be, for example, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene and/or a mixture and /or contain or consist of a copolymer thereof.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • ethylene vinyl acetate polyurethane
  • polypropylene polyacrylate
  • polyethylene polycarbonate
  • polymethyl methacrylate polyvinyl chloride
  • polyacetate resin casting resin
  • acrylate fluorinated ethylene propylene
  • the second laminating layer particularly preferably contains ethylene vinyl acetate or polyvinyl butyral, very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the structured area with the reflective layer applied as a coating is generally transparent. It serves as a projection surface for displaying visual information.
  • the visual information or light is thrown onto the structured area with the reflective layer by an imaging unit, also referred to as a projector.
  • Such structured areas with a reflective layer applied as a coating and the way it works are known per se to a person skilled in the art. In particular, they show a reflection in the visible spectrum, where there is usually a different refractive index locally than with glass or PVB.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can be flat or curved panes.
  • the panes can be made of inorganic glass and/or organic glass (plastic).
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can, for example, independently of one another, be made of flat glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, polycarbonate and/or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably made of soda-lime glass.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane have, for example, independently of one another, a thickness in the range from 0.4 to 5.0 mm, for example 1 to 3 mm, more preferably 1.6 to 2.5 mm.
  • the outer pane and/or the inner pane can have other suitable coatings known per se, e.g. non-stick coatings, tinted coatings, anti-reflective coatings, anti-scratch coatings or low-E coatings.
  • the structured area with the reflective layer applied as a coating preferably has a reflection of more than 30% in the visible range.
  • the reflective layer preferably comprises nanoparticles or microparticles such as silicon dioxide particles, polymeric particles or liquid crystals.
  • metal or metal oxide particles can also be used.
  • the nanoparticles or microparticles mentioned have a spherical shape and/or are transparent or translucent.
  • a reflective layer comprising titanium oxide particles (TiOx particles) or silver particles has proven to be advantageous.
  • reflective layers containing cholesteric liquid crystals are very well suited to ensure good image quality.
  • the reflective layer comprises cholesteric liquid crystals oriented in a matrix
  • the reflective layer is a metallic coating, in particular a silver-based coating or a titanium oxide (TiO x )-based coating.
  • the electrochromic functional element and/or the structured area extend over at least 5%, preferably over at least 10%, particularly preferably over at least 50%, very particularly over at least 90% of the surface of the composite pane according to the invention. It goes without saying that the proviso that the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element also applies in these embodiments.
  • the electrochromic functional element can also extend over the entire surface of the composite pane or essentially over the entire surface, i.e. the entire surface minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm, which is usually covered by a frame-like dark masking print.
  • a full-area or essentially full-area arrangement of the electrochromic functional element offers advantages in production.
  • the structured area can also extend over the entire surface or essentially over the entire outer surface of the inner pane. It goes without saying that the proviso that the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element also applies in these embodiments.
  • the structured area is arranged in an edge region of the laminated pane. This can be, for example, a lateral edge area, an upper edge area or a lower edge area.
  • the structured area is arranged congruently with the electrochromic functional element in the viewing direction from the inner pane to the outer pane.
  • the structured area and the electrochromic functional element therefore have the same external dimensions.
  • the outer dimensions of the electrochromic functional element are larger than the outer dimensions of the structured area.
  • external dimensions mean the dimensions that determine the area of an element. The outer dimensions therefore do not include the thickness.
  • the reflective layer is designed as a full-surface coating of the outer surface of the inner pane.
  • the full-surface coating offers particular advantages in production.
  • the outer pane and/or the first laminating layer and/or the second laminating layer are tinted or colored.
  • the outer pane and/or the first laminating layer and/or the second laminating layer are preferably tinted or colored black.
  • the laminated pane has a light transmission of less than 6%, for example 0.6% or 0.3% and while the electrochromic functional element is not activated, in particular a light transmission of at least 6% up to 70%, for example 10%.
  • the laminated pane has light transmission in the see-through area in which the electrochromic functional element is arranged while the electrochromic functional element is activated and is therefore in a dark state of less than 15%, for example 1% and while the electrochromic functional element is not activated, in particular a light transmission of more than 30% up to 70%, for example 31%.
  • the electrochromic functional element is an element which has switchable or controllable optical properties.
  • the transmission of light can be actively influenced by applying an electrical voltage.
  • Installed in the laminated pane a user can, for example, switch the laminated pane from a transparent to a non-transparent state. Gradations between transparency and opacity (opaqueness) are also possible.
  • Such electrochromic functional elements and their mode of operation are known per se to a person skilled in the art.
  • transparent means a transmission for visible light of more than 30% and in particular of more than 60%, for example more than 70%.
  • opaque means a light transmission of less than 15%, preferably less than 10%, particularly preferably less than 5% and in particular 0%.
  • Suitable electrochromic functional elements which the laminated pane according to the invention can have are known to the person skilled in the art. These can be constructed, for example, as disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,321,544, US Pat. No. 5,404,244, US Pat. No. 7,372,610 B2, US Pat.
  • the electrochromic functional element preferably includes in the following order:
  • the first surface electrode and the second surface electrode are intended to be electrically connected to a voltage source. All of the layers mentioned are preferably firmly connected to one another. All of the layers mentioned are preferably arranged congruently with one another.
  • the working electrode and the counter-electrode are capable of reversibly storing charges.
  • the oxidation states of the working electrode in the stored and stored state differ in their coloring, with one of these states being transparent.
  • the storage reaction can be controlled via the externally applied potential difference.
  • the opaque color of the electrochromic functional element which can be set via the electrical potential, is preferably set in a color range from blue to black, in particular the adjustable color is black.
  • the electrical potential range for changing between opacity and transparency of the electrochromic functional element is preferably 0 V to 7 V and particularly preferably 0.5 V to 5 V.
  • the first surface electrode and the second surface electrode are preferably transparent and electrically conductive. They preferably contain at least one metal, one metal alloy or one transparent conducting oxide (transparent conducting oxide, TCO).
  • the first flat electrode and the second flat electrode particularly preferably contain silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum and/or a transparent conductive oxide, preferably indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (Sn0 2 :F ), antimony-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, boron-doped zinc oxide, or gallium-doped zinc oxide.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • Sn0 2 :F fluorine-doped tin oxide
  • antimony-doped tin oxide aluminum-doped zinc oxide
  • boron-doped zinc oxide boron-doped zinc oxide
  • gallium-doped zinc oxide preferably indium tin
  • first surface electrode and/or the second surface electrode are based on a metal, they preferably have a total layer thickness of 1 nm to 50 nm, preferably 2 nm to 30 nm, particularly preferably 3 nm to 15 nm. If the first surface electrode and/or the second surface electrode is based on a transparent conductive oxide, they preferably have a total thickness of 20 nm to 2 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably 100 nm to 600 nm and in particular from 300 nm to 500 nm. This achieves advantageous electrical contacting of the working electrode and counterelectrode and good horizontal conductivity of the layers.
  • something is designed “on the basis” of a material, then it mainly consists of this material, in particular essentially of this material in addition to any impurities or dopings.
  • the total layer resistance of the first flat electrode and the second flat electrode is preferably 0.01 ohms/square to 100 ohms/square, particularly preferably ohms/square to 20 ohms/square, very particularly preferably 0.5 ohms/square to 5 ohms/square .
  • a sufficiently large current flow between the electrodes of the electrochromic functional element is ensured, which enables optimal functioning of the working electrode and counter-electrode.
  • the working electrode can be based on an inorganic or organic material.
  • the working electrode is preferably based on tungsten oxide, but can also be based on molybdenum, titanium or niobium oxide and mixtures thereof.
  • the working electrode can also be based on polypyrrole, PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polyaniline and mixtures thereof.
  • the counter-electrode can be formed, for example, on the basis of titanium oxide, cerium oxide, iron(III) hexacyanidoferrate(II/III) (Fe Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 ) and nickel oxide, as well as mixtures thereof.
  • the electrolyte is ionically conductive and may be based on a layer of hydrated tantalum oxide and a layer of hydrated antimony oxide. Alternatively, the electrolyte can also be based on a polymer that contains lithium ions or be based on tantalum(V) oxide and/or zirconium(IV) oxide.
  • the electrochromic functional element contains no electrolyte, with the working electrode itself functioning as the electrolyte.
  • the working electrode itself functioning as the electrolyte.
  • tungsten oxide can assume the function of an electrolyte.
  • the electrochromic functional element also includes a first film and a second film.
  • the first flat electrode is arranged with a surface facing away from the working electrode on the first foil and the second surface electrode is arranged with a surface facing away from the counter-electrode on the second foil.
  • the first film and/or the second film are preferably transparent.
  • the first film and/or the second film are preferably based on polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the total layer thickness of the electrochromic functional element is preferably from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm for this embodiment.
  • the transparency of the electrochromic functional element is reduced. Since the structured area of the outer surface of the inner pane is arranged spatially in front of the electrochromic functional element in the direction of view from the inner pane to the outer pane, the projected image has sufficient brightness when the electrochromic functional element is activated, especially when sunlight is incident, and is good for the viewer recognizable.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention solves the problem of the high contrast requirement of images generated on the laminated pane by using the principle of diffuse reflection in combination with an electrochromic functional element with which the optical properties of the pane can be controlled.
  • the invention enables protection of the privacy of users of image displays based on a laminated pane with diffusely reflecting properties.
  • the optical property, ie the transparency, of the pane using the electrochromic functional element pedestrians outside the vehicle cannot see the images displayed on the composite pane.
  • the combination of an electrochromic functional element and a diffusely reflecting element in the form of a structured surface with a reflective coating avoids dazzling pedestrians, which can be caused by the light beams transmitted by the projector.
  • the invention represents a combination of an electrochromic functional element and a diffusely reflecting element in the form of a structured surface with a reflective coating in a laminated glass.
  • This combination enables a privacy function for display applications that are based on the principle of diffusely reflecting elements when the electrochromic Functional element is activated and thus the amount of transmitted light is reduced. This helps exploit diffuse reflections from the diffuse reflective element for applications such as transparent screens that are not visible to people outside the car.
  • a switchable background in the form of an electrochromic functional element increases the contrast of the generated image. This helps to reduce projector requirements and/or increase the viewable area.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention comprises a first laminating layer and optionally a second laminating layer.
  • the laminating layers may be the same or different in composition and/or thickness.
  • the laminating layers can be formed by commercially available laminating films. They are used for bonding or laminating the components of the laminated pane.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are connected to one another by the laminating layers and the electrochromic functional element is laminated into the composite pane.
  • the thickness of the first laminating layer and the second laminating layer can independently be between 30 ⁇ m (microns) and 2 mm, for example 50 ⁇ m, 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the first laminating layer i.e. the laminating layer which is arranged between the electrochromic functional element and the inner pane
  • the first laminating layer preferably has a thickness in the range 30 to 200 ⁇ m, for example 50 ⁇ m.
  • the second laminating layer if present, preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.3 to 1 mm.
  • the composite pane can optionally have a third lamination layer with a recess in which the electrochromic functional element is included, have.
  • the electrochromic functional element is thus surrounded by the third lamination layer in the manner of a frame.
  • the third laminating layer may be a thermoplastic interlayer.
  • You can, for example, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and / or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene and / or a mixture and / or contain or consist of a copolymer thereof.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the thickness of the third lamination layer corresponds to the thickness of the electrochromic functional element.
  • the invention also relates to a projection arrangement comprising a composite pane according to the invention and at least one projector which is directed onto the structured area from the inside in order to generate a real image in the plane of the composite pane.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention as described above, the method comprising the following steps: a) providing an outer pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, an electrochromic functional element, a first laminating layer, a reflective layer and an inner pane with an outer surface and an inner surface, the outer surface of the inner pane having at least one structured area and the reflective layer being formed as a coating on the outer surface of the inner pane at least in the structured area b) forming a layer stack in which the first laminating layer is between the outer pane and the inner pane is arranged, the electrochromic functional element is arranged between the outer pane and the first laminating layer and the structured area completely overlaps with the electrochromic functional element, c) compound that of the stack of layers by lamination.
  • the lamination causes the components to be bonded together to form the laminated pane.
  • Lamination is generally done in an autoclave. If the composite pane is to be curved, the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before lamination. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (ie at the same time and using the same tool), because the shape of the panes is thereby optimally matched to one another for the lamination that takes place later. Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are 500°C to 700°C, for example.
  • the layer stack can be laminated using common lamination methods.
  • so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an increased pressure of about 10 bar to 15 bar and temperatures of 90° C. to 100° C. for about 2 hours.
  • autoclave-free processes are also possible.
  • Known vacuum bag or vacuum ring methods work, for example, at about 200 mbar and 80°C to 100°C.
  • the stack of layers can also be pressed in a calender between at least one pair of rollers to form a composite pane. Plants of this type are known for the production of discs and normally have at least one heating tunnel in front of a pressing plant. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, from 40°C to 100°C.
  • vacuum laminators can be used. These consist of one or more chambers that can be heated and evacuated, in which the first pane and the second pane are laminated within about 60 minutes, for example, at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80 °C to 100 °C.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a composite pane according to the invention as interior or exterior glazing in a vehicle or a building, in particular as a vehicle pane in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles.
  • the composite pane according to the invention as described above is preferably mounted in a vehicle or a building.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a vehicle or structure in which a composite pane according to the invention is mounted as described above.
  • the vehicle or structure is a vehicle selected from passenger vehicles or transport vehicles, such as buses, coaches, trains, trams, airplanes or ships.
  • the vehicle or structure is a structure, with the laminated pane being mounted as a window pane or partition pane.
  • the cutting disc can serve as a partition or display device.
  • the composite pane according to the invention is a rear window, side window, windshield or roof window, in particular a roof window or side window of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of an embodiment of the composite pane shown in FIG. 3 along the section line X'-X,
  • FIG. 5 shows the cross-section of a further embodiment of that shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of one according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows the cross section of an embodiment of the laminated pane shown in Fig. 6 along the section line Y'-Y,
  • FIG. 8 shows the cross-section of a further embodiment of that shown in FIG.
  • composite pane along the line of intersection Y'-Y, 9 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 100 comprises an outer pane 1 with an outer surface I and an inner surface II, an electrochromic functional element 2, a first laminating layer 3, a reflective Layer 4 and an inner pane 6 with an outer surface III and an inner surface IV.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 is designed as a coating on the inner surface II of the outer pane 1 and is constructed, for example, as described in US Pat. No. 7,372,610 B2.
  • the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 has a structured area 5 .
  • the structured area 5 extends over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6.
  • the reflective layer 4 is formed as a coating of the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 in the structured area 5 and thus the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6 .
  • the first laminating layer 3 is arranged between the electrochromic functional element 2 and the reflective layer 4 .
  • the laminated pane 100 has the following sequence of layers:
  • the outer pane 1 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 2.1 mm thick.
  • the inner pane 6 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 1.6 mm thick.
  • the first laminating layer 3 is, for example, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and is 0.38 mm thick.
  • the reflective layer 4 is, for example, a TiO x coating 60 nm thick.
  • Fig. 2 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 100 comprises an outer pane 1 with an outer surface I and an inner surface II, a second laminating layer 7, an electrochromic functional element 2, a first laminating layer 3, a reflective layer 4 and an inner pane 6 with an outer surface III and an inner surface IV.
  • the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 has a structured area 5 .
  • the structured area 5 extends over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6.
  • the reflective layer 4 is formed as a coating of the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 in the structured area 5 and thus the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6 .
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 6 and the second laminating layer 7 is arranged between the electrochromic functional element 2 and the outer pane 1 .
  • the first laminating layer 3 is arranged between the electrochromic functional element 2 and the reflective layer 4 .
  • the laminated pane 100 has the following sequence of layers:
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 extends over the entire surface of the laminated pane 100.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 comprises, for example, in the following order: a first PET film, a first surface electrode, a working electrode, an electrolyte, a counter electrode, a second surface electrode and a second PET film.
  • the surface electrodes are, for example, thin layers of an electrically conductive material Materials containing indium tin oxide.
  • the ion-conductive electrolyte is constructed, for example, on the basis of a layer of hydrated tantalum oxide and a layer of hydrated antimony oxide.
  • the working electrode and the counter-electrode are constructed on the basis of an organic polymer, for example.
  • the outer pane 1 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 2.1 mm thick.
  • the inner pane 6 consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and is 1.6 mm thick.
  • the first laminating layer 3 and the second laminating layer 7 are, for example, thermoplastic intermediate layers and consist, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and are each 0.38 mm thick.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the reflective layer 4 is, for example, a TiO x coating 60 nm thick.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 100 is a roof pane, for example.
  • the area in which the electrochromic functional element 2 is arranged is identified by the reference symbol B in FIG. 3 .
  • the dashed line marks the peripheral edge of the electrochromic functional element 2.
  • the dotted line marks the outer edge of the structured area 5.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 and the structured area 5 are arranged congruently in the viewing direction from the inner pane to the outer pane.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross section of an embodiment of the laminated pane shown in FIG. 3 along the section line X'-X.
  • the embodiment of a laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. but over the entire outer pane 1 minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm.
  • the structured area 5 does not extend over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane, but rather over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6 minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm.
  • the laminated pane 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a third lamination layer 8 in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the third laminating layer 8 has a recess in which the electrochromic functional element 2 is accommodated.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 is thus surrounded by the third lamination layer 8 in the manner of a frame in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the third laminating layer 8 consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • the thickness of the third lamination layer 8 corresponds to the thickness of the electrochromic functional element 2.
  • the use of a third lamination layer 8 is optional. It is also possible for the first laminating layer 3 to surround the electrochromic functional element 2 on the sides after lamination.
  • FIG. 5 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of the laminated pane shown in FIG. 3 along the section line X'-X.
  • the embodiment of a composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 only in that the electrochromic functional element 2 does not extend over the entire outer pane 1, but rather over the entire outer pane 1 minus a peripheral one Edge area of 20 mm, for example.
  • the structured area 5 does not extend over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane, but rather over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6 minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm.
  • the laminated pane 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has a third lamination layer 8 in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the third laminating layer 8 has a recess in which the electrochromic functional element 2 is accommodated.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 is thus surrounded by the third lamination layer 8 in the manner of a frame in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the third laminating layer 8 consists, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • the thickness of the third lamination layer 8 corresponds to the thickness of the electrochromic functional element 2.
  • the use of a third lamination layer 8 is optional. It is also possible for the first laminating layer 3 or the second laminating layer 7 to surround the electrochromic functional element 2 on the sides after lamination.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a laminated pane 100 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG Composite pane 100 for example, around a windshield.
  • the area in which the electrochromic functional element 2 is arranged is identified by the reference symbol B in FIG. 6 .
  • the dashed line marks the peripheral edge of the electrochromic functional element 2.
  • the dotted line marks the circumferential side edge of the structured area 5.
  • the laminated pane 100 has an upper edge O, a lower edge U and two side edges S.
  • the electrochromic functional element 2 and the structured area 5 of the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 are arranged congruently in the lower quarter of the composite pane 100 in the viewing direction from the inner pane to the outer pane.
  • FIG. 7 shows the cross section of an embodiment of the laminated pane shown in FIG. 6 along the section line Y'-Y.
  • the embodiment of a composite pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG extends peripheral edge area, but is arranged in an edge area, more precisely in an area in the lower quarter of the composite pane 100 is arranged, which is spaced from the lower edge U and the side edges S, for example 20 mm.
  • the structured area 5 does not extend over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane minus a peripheral edge area, but is arranged in an edge area, more precisely in an area in the lower quarter of the composite pane 100, which is arranged by the lower edge U and the side edges S, for example 20mm apart.
  • FIG. 8 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of the laminated pane shown in FIG. 6 along the section line Y'-Y.
  • the embodiment of a laminated pane 100 shown in cross section in FIG. 8 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG is located in a peripheral area, more specifically in an area in the lower quarter of the Composite pane 100 is arranged, which is spaced from the lower edge U and the side edges S, for example 20 mm.
  • the structured area 5 does not extend over the entire outer surface III of the inner pane 6 minus a peripheral edge area, but is arranged in an edge area, more precisely in an area in the lower quarter of the composite pane 100, which is defined by the lower edge U and the side edges S for example 20 mm apart.
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow chart for visualizing the method according to the invention for producing a laminated pane according to the invention.
  • a first step a an outer pane 1 with an outer surface I and an inner surface II, an electrochromic functional element 2, a first laminating layer 3, a reflective layer 4 and an inner pane 6 with an outer surface III and an inner surface IV are provided, the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 has at least one structured area 5 and the reflective layer 4 is formed as a coating of the outer surface III of the inner pane 6 at least in the structured area 5 .
  • a layer stack is formed in which the first laminating layer 3 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 6, the electrochromic functional element 2 is arranged between the outer pane 1 and the first laminating layer 3 and the structured area 5 is completely the electrochromic functional element 2 overlaps.
  • a third step c the stack of layers is connected by lamination.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un vitrage feuilleté (100), au moins comprenant un vitrage extérieur (1) ayant une surface extérieure (I) et une surface intérieure (II), un élément fonctionnel électrochrome (2), une première couche de stratification (3), une couche réfléchissante (4) et un vitrage intérieur (6) qui a une surface extérieure (III) et une surface intérieure (IV). La surface extérieure (III) du vitrage intérieur (6) présente au moins une zone structurée (5). La première couche de stratification (3) est disposée entre le vitrage extérieur (1) et le vitrage intérieur (6), l'élément fonctionnel électrochrome (2) est disposé entre le vitrage extérieur (1) et la première couche de stratification (3) et la couche réfléchissante (4) est conçue au moins dans la zone structurée (5) en tant que revêtement de la surface extérieure (III) du vitrage intérieur (6). Selon l'invention, la zone structurée (5) chevauche complètement l'élément fonctionnel électrochrome (2).
PCT/EP2022/066322 2021-06-24 2022-06-15 Vitrage feuilleté ayant des propriétés de réflexion diffuse et un élément fonctionnel électrochrome WO2022268607A1 (fr)

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EP22734274.8A EP4359211A1 (fr) 2021-06-24 2022-06-15 Vitrage feuilleté ayant des propriétés de réflexion diffuse et un élément fonctionnel électrochrome
CN202280003012.2A CN115734873A (zh) 2021-06-24 2022-06-15 具有漫反射性能和电致变色功能元件的复合玻璃板

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EP21181513.9 2021-06-24

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CN111487831A (zh) 2020-06-11 2020-08-04 江西沃格光电股份有限公司 电致变色投影幕、投影幕墙及投影设备

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