WO2022257819A1 - 一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统 - Google Patents

一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022257819A1
WO2022257819A1 PCT/CN2022/096270 CN2022096270W WO2022257819A1 WO 2022257819 A1 WO2022257819 A1 WO 2022257819A1 CN 2022096270 W CN2022096270 W CN 2022096270W WO 2022257819 A1 WO2022257819 A1 WO 2022257819A1
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Prior art keywords
projection screen
fresnel structure
layer
fresnel
transparent
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PCT/CN2022/096270
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马骏
薛九枝
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江苏集萃智能液晶科技有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏集萃智能液晶科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏集萃智能液晶科技有限公司
Priority to EP22819417.1A priority Critical patent/EP4336257A1/en
Priority to JP2023576097A priority patent/JP2024522653A/ja
Publication of WO2022257819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022257819A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/62—Translucent screens
    • G03B21/625—Lenticular translucent screens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/602—Lenticular screens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of projection screen and projection system, in particular, the present invention relates to a transparent projection screen of Fresnel structure capable of resisting ambient light interference and capable of high-contrast and clear imaging and a projection system using the same.
  • Projection applications are divided into home and business areas, such as home laser projection and commercial screen projection.
  • both home and commercial projection are non-transparent displays, that is, the projection screen is fixed in the projection area, and the projector projects the display screen on the projection screen. The observer can watch the content on the screen, but the object image behind the projection screen is blocked. .
  • observers have higher and higher requirements for viewing experience, in some special application scenarios, such as in-car projection display, subway projection display, large-scale commercial advertisements, commodity exhibition windows, high-end conference rooms, etc., observers require projection screens not only as The display content carrier has a transparent effect at the same time, and the landscape behind the projection screen can also be presented to the observer through the projection screen, which requires a transparent display technology.
  • Transparent display can meet the needs of observers for a sense of technology. At present, neither laser projection screens for home use nor commercial projection screens can achieve the effect of transparent display.
  • Transparent displays often use short-throw projectors to solve light reflection and save installation space, but the problems of uneven brightness and small viewing angles caused by short-throw projection seriously affect the viewing experience, and short-throw transparent projection is more easily affected by ambient light. High contrast and clear imaging.
  • This application mainly solves the problems that the current transparent projection screen cannot be clearly imaged with high contrast due to the influence of ambient light, and has uneven brightness and small viewing angle, and provides a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure and a projection system using the same.
  • the present application provides a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure, the transparent projection screen comprising:
  • the base layer having a base layer first surface and a base layer second surface arranged in parallel;
  • a Fresnel structure layer is a plurality of Fresnel structure units formed on the first surface of the base layer, and the plurality of Fresnel structure units are arranged to form a plurality of concentric circles with a common center Arc, each of the Fresnel structural units includes a first side surface close to the common center, a second side surface far away from the common center, and a bottom surface parallel to the first surface of the base layer, a plurality of the first side surfaces and a plurality of the second side surfaces form the first surface of the Fresnel structure layer, a plurality of the bottom surfaces form the second surface of the Fresnel structure layer, and the cross section of each of the Fresnel structure units includes Three intersecting lines a, b and c, the angle ⁇ 1 between the tangent of any point on the line b and the line c>60°, and the Fresnel structure layer has a first refractive index n1;
  • a display layer the display layer has a first surface of the display layer and a second surface of the display layer oppositely arranged, the second surface of the display layer is arranged on the first surface of the Fresnel structure layer, and the second surface of the display layer The surface is substantially conformal to the first surface of the Fresnel structure layer, so that the display layer forms a structure substantially consistent with the first surface of the Fresnel structure layer, and the display layer has a second refractive index n2 ;
  • a refractive index matching layer having opposite first surfaces of the refractive index matching layer and second surfaces of the refractive index matching layer, the second surface of the refractive index matching layer being disposed on the first surface of the display layer and conform to the first surface of the display layer, the first surface of the refractive index matching layer is a surface parallel to the second surface of the base layer, and the refractive index matching layer has a third refractive index n3;
  • the first refractive index n1 is substantially the same as the third refractive index n3.
  • the angle between the tangent of any point on the line a and the line c is 0° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 60°.
  • the vertical distance from the intersection point P of the line a and the line b to the line c is h1, and h1 on each Fresnel structural unit gradually increases as it moves away from the common center of circle .
  • the cross-section of each of the Fresnel structural units is a triangle, the angle between the line a and the line c is ⁇ 2, 0° ⁇ 2 ⁇ 60°, the line b and the line c The included angle of the line c is ⁇ 2, and ⁇ 2>60°.
  • the included angle ⁇ 2 on different Fresnel structural units increases gradually as they move away from the common center of circle.
  • the transparent projection screen includes a first side plane adjacent to the common center of circle and a second side plane opposite to the first side plane away from the common circle center, and the Fresnel structure unit is along the The direction perpendicular to the plane where the first side plane is located moves linearly from the first side plane to the direction of the second side plane, and the angle ⁇ 2 of the Fresnel structural unit presents a monotonous increase trend as a whole.
  • the length of the lines c on each of the Fresnel structural units is basically fixed.
  • the vertical distance from the intersection point P of the line a and the line b on each of the Fresnel structural units to the line c is h1, and the height of the h1 is basically fixed.
  • the first refractive index n1 is 1.4-1.6.
  • the first transparent optical material for preparing the Fresnel structure layer is an optical grade high transmittance optical glue
  • the optical grade high transmittance optical glue is an acrylic resin, unsaturated At least one of polyester, polyurethane, epoxy resin, and photocurable adhesive.
  • the thickness d of the display layer is ⁇ 500 ⁇ m.
  • the second transparent optical material used to prepare the display layer is metal or metal oxide.
  • the material for preparing the base layer is a hard transparent material or a flexible transparent material.
  • the rigid transparent material is glass.
  • the flexible transparent material is any one of PET, PC, PMMA, and PE.
  • each Fresnel structure unit is configured as a convex or concave surface microstructure.
  • the molding process of the convex or concave surface microstructure is any one of impact point, transfer printing, sandblasting, and sputtering.
  • the transparent projection screen further includes a protective layer, and the protective layer is provided on the first surface of the refractive index matching layer.
  • the material for preparing the protective layer is any one of glass, acrylic, PET or other hard or flexible materials with high transmittance.
  • the present application also provides a projection system, which includes a projector and a transparent projection screen, and the transparent projection screen is the above-mentioned transparent projection screen with Fresnel structure.
  • the projector is a short-focus projector or an ultra-short-focus projector.
  • the projector is arranged on a straight line perpendicular to the plane where the transparent projection screen is located and on the same line as the common center of circle.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that by providing a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure, the projection screen is provided with Fresnel structure units with a specific structure, so that the incident light on each Fresnel structure unit can The light is corrected by the Fresnel microstructure at this position, and reflected to the observer in a certain visible range, which improves the display uniformity of the transparent projection screen and reduces the interference of external ambient light on the transparent projection screen, so that the application of its The projection system has a good viewing effect.
  • Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the transparent projection screen of Fresnel structure of embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of the transparent projection screen of the Fresnel structure of embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the Fresnel structural unit of embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the base layer and the Fresnel structure layer of the transparent projection screen of the Fresnel structure of embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the Fresnel structural unit of embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of projected rays of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 7 is the angle change trend of angle ⁇ 2 in the Fresnel structure unit in embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of projected rays of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure in Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of projected rays of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure in Embodiment 3;
  • Fig. 10 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the Fresnel structure unit with surface microstructure of embodiment 4.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a transparent projection screen having a Fresnel structure with a concave surface microstructure
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of projected rays of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure having a concave surface microstructure
  • Fig. 13 is an effect diagram of the transparent projection screen of the present application on the projected light and ambient light on the projection side;
  • Fig. 14 is an effect diagram of the transparent projection screen of the present application on the ambient light on the non-projection side;
  • Base layer 2. Fresnel structure layer; 3. Display layer; 4. Refractive index matching layer; 5. Protective layer; 11. First surface of base layer; 12. Second surface of base layer; 21. Fresnel 22, the second surface of the Fresnel structure layer; 23, the first side surface; 24, the second side surface; 25, the bottom surface; 26, the concave surface microstructure; 27, the convex surface microstructure ; 31, the first surface of the display layer; 32, the second surface of the display layer; 41, the first surface of the refractive index matching layer; 42, the second surface of the refractive index matching layer; 6, the first side plane; 7, the second side plane .
  • the present application provides a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure.
  • a kind of transparent projection screen of Fresnel structure, as shown in Figure 1, described transparent projection screen comprises:
  • a base layer 1 the base layer 1 has a base layer first surface 11 and a base layer second surface 12 arranged in parallel;
  • the Fresnel structure layer 2 is a plurality of Fresnel structure units formed on the first surface 11 of the base layer, and the plurality of Fresnel structure units Arrange to form a plurality of concentric arcs with a common center of circle, as shown in Figure 3, each of the Fresnel structural units includes a first side surface 23 close to the common center of circle, a second side surface 24 away from the common center of circle and the same
  • the bottom surface 25 parallel to the first surface 11 of the base layer, as can be seen from FIG.
  • the bottom surface 25 forms the second surface 22 of the Fresnel structure layer. It can also be seen from FIG.
  • each of the Fresnel structure units includes three intersecting lines a, lines b and lines c, as shown in FIG. 3
  • the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the Fresnel structural unit when the line a and the line b in the left figure of Figure 3 are respectively irregular lines, the angle between the tangent line of any point on the line b and the line c is ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1>60°, the irregular lines are not limited to arcs, preferably, the shape of the line b is a straight line, and the Fresnel structure layer 2 has a first refractive index n1;
  • a display layer 3 the display layer 3 has a first surface 31 of the display layer and a second surface 32 of the display layer oppositely arranged, the second surface 32 of the display layer is arranged on the first surface 21 of the Fresnel structure layer, The second surface 32 of the display layer is substantially conformal to the first surface 21 of the Fresnel structure layer, so that the display layer 3 forms a structure substantially consistent with the first surface 21 of the Fresnel structure layer, and
  • the display layer 3 has a second refractive index n2;
  • a refractive index matching layer 4 the refractive index matching layer 4 has a first surface 41 of the refractive index matching layer opposite to a second surface 42 of the refractive index matching layer, and the second surface 42 of the refractive index matching layer is arranged on the display layer on the first surface 31 and conform to the first surface 31 of the display layer, the first surface 41 of the refractive index matching layer is a surface parallel to the second surface 12 of the base layer, and the refractive index matching layer 4 having a third refractive index n3;
  • the first refractive index n1 is substantially the same as the third refractive index n3.
  • the angle between the incident light reflected by the transparent projection screen and the plane where the transparent projection screen is located is ⁇ , as shown in Figure 6, Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 12, 30° ⁇ 90°.
  • the Fresnel structure transparent projection screen provided above can make the incident light irradiated to each Fresnel structure unit be corrected by the Fresnel microstructure at the position by setting the Fresnel structure unit with a specific structure,
  • the size of the ⁇ angle after correction is favorable for the reflected light to enter the visual range of the observer, and finally improves the brightness uniformity of the transparent display screen.
  • the projector is often located on one side of the projection screen for projection, the reflection of light from the projection screen far away from the plane where the projector is located is often affected by the external ambient light. Ambient light is reflected and transmitted to directions invisible to the observer, thereby reducing the impact of ambient light on the screen display. Therefore, the design of the Fresnel microstructure and the angle of the microstructure of the transparent display screen is conducive to improving the overall display effect of the display screen.
  • the left figure of Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Fresnel structural unit when the lines a and b are respectively irregular lines.
  • the angle between the tangent of one point and the line c is ⁇ 1, 0° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 60°, within this angle range, most of the light incident on the first side surface 23 of any Fresnel structural unit will be The form of reflected light enters the viewer's field of view.
  • the shape of the line a is a straight line.
  • the vertical distance from the intersection point P of the line a and the line b to the line c is h1, h1 on each of the Fresnel structural units moves away from the common center Gradually increase.
  • This structural design when the projector is set perpendicular to the plane where the transparent projection screen is located and on the same line as the common center of circle, can ensure that the light projected by the projector fully irradiates the first part of each Fresnel structural unit.
  • the side surfaces 23 are reflective.
  • the cross section of each of the Fresnel structural units is preferably triangular, as shown in the right figure of Figure 3, and the right figure of Figure 3 is the Fresnel when line a and line b are straight lines respectively
  • This structural design is conducive to the reflection and transmission of external ambient light to a direction that cannot be seen by the observer, thereby reducing the impact of ambient light on the screen display image.
  • any one Fresnel structure unit will enter the viewing angle range of the observer in the form of reflected light.
  • setting the line a and the line c in a straight form is beneficial to the processing design of the transparent projection screen and reduces the production cost.
  • the included angle ⁇ 2 on different Fresnel structural units increases gradually as they move away from the common center of circle.
  • This structural design can also promote that when the projector is arranged perpendicular to the plane where the transparent projection screen is located and on the same straight line as the common center of circle, it can ensure that the light projected by the projector is fully irradiated on the transparent projection screen.
  • the transparent projection screen includes a first side plane 6 adjacent to the common center of circle and a second side plane opposite to the first side plane 6 away from the common circle center 7.
  • the Fresnel structural unit moves linearly from the position of the first side plane 6 to the direction of the position of the second side plane 7 along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first side plane 6 is located, and the included angle
  • the angle of ⁇ 2 shows a monotonous growth trend as a whole, such as a linear or nonlinear growth trend.
  • each of the Fresnel structural units is preferably triangular, and the included angle between the line a and the line c is ⁇ 2, 0° ⁇ 2 ⁇ 60°, the angle between the line b and the line c is ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2>60°. Further, the included angle ⁇ 2 on different Fresnel structural units increases gradually as they move away from the common center of circle.
  • each Fresnel structural unit can be basically fixed and the included angle ⁇ 2 on different Fresnel structural units gradually increases as they move away from the common center of circle, In order to ensure that the light projected on the projection screen away from the common center of the circle can be projected into the observer's eyes at a visible angle.
  • each of the Fresnel structural units is preferably triangular, and the lines a and c
  • the included angle is ⁇ 2, 0° ⁇ 2 ⁇ 60°, and the included angle between the line b and the line c is ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2>60°.
  • the vertical distance from the intersection point P of the line a and the line b on each of the Fresnel structural units to the line c is h1
  • the height of h1 can also be basically fixed
  • the The included angle ⁇ 2 on the Fresnel structure unit gradually increases as the distance from the common center of the circle increases, so as to ensure that the light projected on the projection screen far away from the common circle center can be projected into the observer's eyes at a visible angle.
  • the first refractive index n1 is 1.4 to 1.6;
  • the first transparent optical material for preparing the Fresnel structure layer 2 is an optical grade high transmittance optical glue, an optical grade
  • the high-transmittance optical adhesive may be, but not limited to, at least one of acrylic resin, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane, epoxy resin, and light-curing adhesive.
  • the thickness of the display layer 3 d ⁇ 500 ⁇ m; the second refractive index n2 ⁇ 1.6; the forming process of the display layer 3 can be but not limited to evaporation, sputtering Any one of , coating, sandblasting, sputtering, etc.; the second transparent optical material for preparing the display layer 3 may be, but not limited to, metal or metal oxide.
  • the material for preparing the base layer 1 is a rigid transparent material or a flexible transparent material.
  • the hard transparent material is glass; the flexible transparent material can be but not limited to any one of PET, PC, PMMA, PE, etc.
  • the transparent projection screen further includes a protective layer 5 disposed on the first surface of the refractive index matching layer 4 .
  • the function of the protective layer 5 can be anti-scratch, anti-abrasion, and protect the surface of the transparent projection screen.
  • the material for preparing the protective layer 5 may be, but not limited to, any one of glass, acrylic, PET or other rigid or flexible materials with high transmittance.
  • this case also gives a schematic diagram of the projection light of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the transparent projection screen shown in it is mainly for the projection screen when the size of the projection screen is small and it is located directly in front of the human eye.
  • the Fresnel structure design in the projection screen is biased so that the reflected light passing through the projection screen basically enters the observer's eyes in a direction perpendicular to the projection screen.
  • the present application also provides a schematic diagram of projected rays of another transparent projection screen with different Fresnel structures, as shown in Figure 8, this embodiment is a modification of Embodiment 1, that is, the Fresnel structure in the transparent projection screen
  • the public center of the circle is placed on the top, at this time, the projection device can be placed on the top of the transparent projection screen.
  • the transparent projection screen of the Fresnel structure can be rotated at any angle, and the common center of the Fresnel structure can be placed at any position near the edge of the projection screen; 2) the Fresnel structure in the transparent projection screen
  • the Nell structure can also be rotated at any angle, and the common center of the Fresnel structure can be placed at any position close to the edge of the projection screen.
  • the position of the light source or projection device is set to be on a straight line perpendicular to the projection screen and the common center of circle or close to the straight line perpendicular to the projection screen and the common center of circle. The light emitted by the projection device is fully reflected to improve the display uniformity and contrast brightness of the screen.
  • the present application also provides a schematic diagram of projected light rays of another transparent projection screen with different Fresnel structures, as shown in FIG. 9 , which is a modification of Embodiment 1.
  • the design of the Fresnel structure in the transparent projection screen in Figure 7 is mainly aimed at when the size of the projection screen is large and the entire projection screen is above the horizontal plane where the human eye is located: the first side surface of any Fresnel structural unit located on the upper part of the projection screen 23
  • the reflected light basically deflects downward at a certain angle in the direction perpendicular to the projection screen and enters the observer's eyes;
  • the first side surface 23 of any Fresnel structural unit located in the middle and lower part of the projection screen reflects the light basically in a direction parallel to the projection screen into the eye of the beholder.
  • the vertical distance from the intersection point P to the line c can be adjusted to be h1 and/or the included angle ⁇ 1.
  • a convex or concave surface microstructure can also be provided on the first side surface 23 of each of the Fresnel structural units, as shown in Figure 10, the left figure in Figure 10 It is the first side surface 23 with the concave surface microstructure 26, and the right figure in Fig. 10 is the first side surface 23 with the convex surface microstructure 27, in the present embodiment, the concave surface microstructure 26 and the convex surface microstructure
  • the shape of the structure 27 can be, for example, spherical, ellipsoidal or other regularly or irregularly arranged concave or convex shapes, or a superimposed structure of various shapes, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure having a concave surface microstructure 26, and FIG.
  • the forming process of the convex or concave surface microstructure may adopt, for example, any one of bumping, transfer printing, sandblasting, and sputtering.
  • the technical effect diagram of the transparent projection screen with Fresnel structure in the technical solution of this application is also provided, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14:
  • the ambient light of the projection screen enters the environment again after being reflected and transmitted by the projection screen, which prevents the ambient light from entering the visual range of the observer and ensures the screen display effect; in Figure 14, the light entering the projection screen from the non-projection side directly penetrates The projection screen enters the viewer's line of sight, thus achieving the effect of transparent projection.
  • the present application also provides a projection system, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 12, the projection system includes a projection An instrument and a transparent projection screen, the transparent projection screen is any one of the Fresnel structure transparent projection screens described above.
  • the projector is a short-throw projector or an ultra-short-throw projector.
  • the projector is arranged on a straight line perpendicular to the plane where the transparent projection screen is located and on the same line as the common center of circle.
  • the present application provides a transparent projection screen with a Fresnel structure.
  • the incident light that irradiates each Fresnel structure unit can be The Fresnel microstructure correction at this position is reflected in the direction of the observer with a certain visible range.
  • the projector is often located on one side of the projection screen for projection, the reflection of light from the projection screen away from the plane where the projector is located is often affected by the external ambient light, and the brightness uniformity of the screen is inconsistent. Therefore, the included angle ⁇ 1 > 60 °, which is conducive to the reflection and transmission of external ambient light to areas beyond the viewer's visual range, thereby reducing the impact of ambient light on the display effect of the projection screen and improving the screen contrast.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，该投影屏设置了具有特定结构的菲涅尔结构单元，能使照射到每个菲涅尔结构单元的入射光被该位置的菲涅尔微结构矫正，以一定的可视范围反射到观察者方向，提升了透明投影屏的显示均一性，同时降低了外界环境光线对透明投影屏的干扰，使应用其的投影系统具有良好的观影效果。

Description

一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统
本申请要求了申请日为2021年6月7日，申请号为CN202110629866.9，发明名称为“一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统”的发明专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及投影屏和投影系统技术领域，具体地，本发明涉及一种能够抗环境光干扰并且能够高对比清晰成像的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统。
背景技术
投影应用分为家用和商用两个领域，比如家用的激光投影和商用的屏幕投影。目前家用和商用投影都属于非透明显示，即将投影幕固定在投影区域，投影机将显示画面投放在投影幕上，观察者可以观看幕布上的内容，但投影幕后面的物体影像是被阻隔的。随着观察者对观看体验要求越来越高，在一些特殊的应用场景，比如车内投影显示、地铁投影显示、大型商业广告、商品展览橱窗、高级会议室等，观察者要求投影幕不仅作为显示内容载体，同时具有透明的效果，投影幕后的景观也可以透过投影幕呈现给观察者，即需要一种透明显示技术。透明显示可以满足观察者对科技感的需求，目前家用的激光投影和商用投影屏幕均无法实现透明显示的效果。
透明显示常采用短焦投影仪解决光源反光和节省安装空间，但短焦投影造成的亮度不均、可视角度小的问题严重影响观看体验，同时短焦 透明投影更容易受到环境光线的影响无法高对比度清晰成像。
发明内容
本申请主要解决了当前透明投影屏受环境光影响无法高对比度清晰成像且亮度不均、可视角度小的问题，提供了一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏及应用其的投影系统。
为实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，所述透明投影屏包括：
基层，所述基层具有相对平行设置的基层第一表面和基层第二表面；
菲涅尔结构层，所述菲涅尔结构层是形成在所述基层第一表面上的多个菲涅尔结构单元，所述多个菲涅尔结构单元排列形成具有公共圆心的多个同心圆弧，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元包括靠近公共圆心的第一侧表面、远离公共圆心的第二侧表面以及与所述基层第一表面平行的底面，多个所述第一侧表面和多个所述第二侧表面形成所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面，多个所述底面形成所述菲涅尔结构层第二表面，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面包括三条彼此相交的线条a、线条b和线条c，所述线条b上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角β1＞60°，且所述菲涅尔结构层具有第一折射率n1；
显示层，所述显示层具有相对设置的显示层第一表面和显示层第二表面，所述显示层第二表面设置在所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面上，所述显示层第二表面基本上保形于所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面，使所述显示层形成与所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面基本一致的结构，且所述显示层具有第二折射率n2；
折射率匹配层，所述折射率匹配层具有相背的折射率匹配层第一表面和折射率匹配层第二表面，所述折射率匹配层第二表面设置于所述显示层第一表面上并保形于所述显示层第一表面，所述折射率匹配层第一表面为平行于所述基层第二表面的表面，且所述折射率匹配层具有第三折射率n3；
其中，所述第一折射率n1与第三折射率n3基本上相同。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述线条a上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角0°＜α1≤60°。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的h1随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。
作为本申请的进一步改进，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面为三角形，所述线条a与所述线条c的夹角为α2，0°＜α2≤60°，所述线条b与所述线条c的夹角为β2，β2＞60°。
作为本申请的进一步改进，位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述透明投影屏包括紧邻公共圆心的第一侧平面和与所述第一侧平面相对设置的远离公共圆心的第二侧平面，菲涅尔结构单元沿着垂直于与所述第一侧平面所在平面垂直的方向由所述第一侧平面向所述第二侧平面方向直线移动，菲涅尔结构单元的夹角α2的角度大小整体呈现单调增长趋势。
作为本申请的进一步改进，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的所述线条 c的长度基本固定。
作为本申请的进一步改进，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，所述h1的高度基本固定。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述第一折射率n1为1.4～1.6。
作为本申请的进一步改进，制备所述菲涅尔结构层的第一透明光学材料为光学级高透过率的光学胶，所述光学级高透过率的光学胶为丙烯酸型树脂、不饱和聚酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、光固化胶中的至少一种。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述显示层的厚度d≤500μm。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述第二折射率n2≥1.6。
作为本申请的进一步改进，制备所述显示层的第二透明光学材料为金属或金属氧化物。
作为本申请的进一步改进，制备所述基层的材料为硬性透明材料或柔性透明材料。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述硬性透明材料为玻璃。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述柔性透明材料为PET、PC、PMMA、PE中的任意一种。
作为本申请的进一步改进，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面设置为凸型或凹型的表面微结构。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述凸型或凹型的表面微结构的成型工艺为撞点、转印、喷砂、溅射中的任意一种。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述透明投影屏还包括保护层，所述保 护层设于所述折射率匹配层第一表面上。
作为本申请的进一步改进，制备所述保护层的材料为玻璃、亚克力、PET或其他高透过率硬性或柔性材料中的任意一种。
为实现上述目的，本申请还提供了一种投影系统，所述投影系统包括投影仪和透明投影屏，所述透明投影屏为上述所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述投影仪为短焦投影仪或超短焦投影仪。
作为本申请的进一步改进，所述投影仪设于与所述透明投影屏所在平面垂直且与公共圆心同一条直线上。
本申请的有益效果在于，通过提供了一种具有菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，该投影屏设置了具有特定结构的菲涅尔结构单元，能使照射到每个菲涅尔结构单元的入射光被该位置的菲涅尔微结构矫正，以一定的可视范围反射到观察者方向，提升了透明投影屏的显示均一性，同时降低了外界环境光线对透明投影屏的干扰，使应用其的投影系统具有良好的观影效果。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的剖面结构示意图；
图2为实施例1的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的主视图；
图3为实施例1的菲涅尔结构单元的剖面结构示意图；
图4为实施例1的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的基层和菲涅尔结构层的剖面结构示意图；
图5为实施例1的菲涅尔结构单元的剖面结构示意图；
图6为实施例1的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图；
图7为实施例1中菲涅尔结构单元中夹角α2的角度变化趋势；
图8为实施例2的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图；
图9为实施例3的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图；
图10为实施例4的具有表面微结构的菲涅尔结构单元的剖面结构示意图；
图11为具有凹型表面微结构的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的剖面结构示意图；
图12为具有凹型表面微结构的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图；
图13为本申请透明投影屏幕对投影侧投影光线、环境光线的效果图；
图14为本申请透明投影屏幕对非投影侧环境光线的效果图；
图中：1、基层；2、菲涅尔结构层；3、显示层；4、折射率匹配层；5、保护层；11、基层第一表面；12、基层第二表面；21、菲涅尔结构层第一表面；22、菲涅尔结构层第二表面；23、第一侧表面；24、第二侧表面；25、底面；26、凹型表面微结构；27、凸型表面微结构；31、显示层第一表面；32、显示层第二表面；41、折射率匹配层第一表面；42、折射率匹配层第二表面；6、第一侧平面；7、第二侧平面。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请 具体实施例及附图对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，不用来限制本发明的范围。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为制备出能够抗环境光干扰并且能够高对比清晰成像的透明投影屏，本申请提供了一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏。
实施例1
一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，如图1所示，所述透明投影屏包括：
基层1，所述基层1具有相对平行设置的基层第一表面11和基层第二表面12；
菲涅尔结构层2，如图2所示，所述菲涅尔结构层2是形成在所述基层第一表面11上的多个菲涅尔结构单元，所述多个菲涅尔结构单元排列形成具有公共圆心的多个同心圆弧，如图3所示，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元包括靠近公共圆心的第一侧表面23、远离公共圆心的第二侧表面24以及与所述基层第一表面11平行的底面25，如图4可知，多个所述第一侧表面23和多个所述第二侧表面24形成所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面21，多个所述底面25形成所述菲涅尔结构层第二表面22，由图3还可知，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面包括三条彼此相交的线条a、线条b和线条c，如图3左图所示，图3左图的线条a、线条b分别为不规则线条时的菲涅尔结构单元的截面示意图，所述线条b上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角为β1，β1＞60°，所述的不规则线条不仅仅限 于弧线，优选的，线条b的形状为直线形状，且所述菲涅尔结构层2具有第一折射率n1；
显示层3，所述显示层3具有相对设置的显示层第一表面31和显示层第二表面32，所述显示层第二表面32设置在所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面21上，所述显示层第二表面32基本上保形于所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面21，使所述显示层3形成与所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面21基本一致的结构，且所述显示层3具有第二折射率n2；
折射率匹配层4，所述折射率匹配层4具有相背的折射率匹配层第一表面41和折射率匹配层第二表面42，所述折射率匹配层第二表面42设置于所述显示层第一表面31上并保形于所述显示层第一表面31，所述折射率匹配层第一表面41为平行于所述基层第二表面12的表面，且所述折射率匹配层4具有第三折射率n3；
其中，所述第一折射率n1与第三折射率n3基本上相同。
优选的，透明投影屏对入射光线的反射光线与透明投影屏所在平面的夹角为θ，如图6、图8、图9和图12所示，30°≤θ≤90°。
上述提供的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，通过设置了具有特定结构的菲涅尔结构单元，能使照射到每个菲涅尔结构单元的入射光被该位置的菲涅尔微结构矫正，矫正后θ角度的大小有利于反射光线进入观察者的可视范围内，最终提升了透明显示屏的亮度均一性。此外，由于投影仪常常位于投影屏的一侧进行投影，因此，远离投影仪所在平面的投影屏反射光线时经常受外界环境光线的影响，因此，设置夹角β1＞60°，有利于将外界环境光线反射和透射到观察者看不到的方向，从而降低环境 光线对屏幕显示画面的影响。因此透明显示屏菲涅尔微结构及微结构角度的设计有利于提升显示屏幕整体的显示效果。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，如图3左图所示，图3左图为线条a、线条b分别为不规则线条时的菲涅尔结构单元的截面示意图，所述线条a上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角为α1，0°＜α1≤60°，该角度范围内，入射到任意一个菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23上的光线的大部分会以反射光线的形式进入观察者的视角范围内。进一步的，线条a的形状为直线。更进一步的，如图5所示，所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的h1随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。这种结构设计，当投影仪设于与透明投影屏所在平面垂直且与公共圆心同一条直线上时，能保证由投影仪投射出的光线充分的照射到每一个菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23进行反射。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面优选为三角形，如图3右图所示，图3右图为线条a、线条b分别为直线时的菲涅尔结构单元的截面示意图，所述线条a与所述线条c的夹角为α2，0°＜α2≤60°，所述线条b与所述线条c的夹角为β2，β2＞60°。这种结构设计有利于外界环境光线反射和透射到观察者看不到的方向，从而降低环境光线对屏幕显示画面的影响。入射到任意一个菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23上的光线的大部分会以反射光线的形式进入观察者的视角范围内。此外，线条a与线条c设置为直线形式有利于透明投影屏的加工设计，降低生产成本。
进一步的，使位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。这种结构设计同样能促进当投影仪设于与透明投影屏所在平面垂直且与公共圆心同一条直线上时，能保证由投影仪投射出的光线充分的照射到透明投影屏上。更进一步的，如图3右图和图6所示，所述透明投影屏包括紧邻公共圆心的第一侧平面6和与所述第一侧平面6相对设置的远离公共圆心的第二侧平面7，菲涅尔结构单元沿着与所述第一侧平面6所在平面垂直的方向由所述第一侧平面6所在位置向所述第二侧平面7所在位置的方向直线移动，其夹角α2的角度大小整体呈现单调增长趋势，如线性或非线性增长趋势，当投影设备与所述显示层3所在平面的垂直距离为L，投影设备所在平行于第一侧平面6所在平面的平面与第一侧平面6所在平面的垂直距离为h，投影设备所在平行于第一侧平面6所在平面的平面与第二侧平面7所在平面的垂直距离为H，当位于投影屏内的菲涅尔结构单元距离投影设备所在平行于第一侧平面6的平面以垂直于该平面的方向由h到H变化时，夹角α2的增长趋势如图7所示。经验证，上述结构设计为能保证由投影仪投射出的光线充分的照射到透明投影屏上的最佳实施方案，且透明投影屏的显示均一性较高。
本申请中，还提供了另一种较佳的实施方案，如图3所示，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面优选为三角形，所述线条a与所述线条c的夹角为α2，0°＜α2≤60°，所述线条b与所述线条c的夹角为β2，β2＞60°。进一步的，使位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。更进一步的，还可基本固定每个所述菲涅尔结 构单元上的所述线条c的长度并使位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大，以保证投射到远离公共圆心的投影屏上的光线能以可视的角度投射到观察者眼中。
本申请中，还提供了另一种较佳的实施方案，如图3和图5所示，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面优选为三角形，所述线条a与所述线条c的夹角为α2，0°＜α2≤60°，所述线条b与所述线条c的夹角为β2，β2＞60°。优选的，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，还可基本固定h1高度，同时使位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大，以保证投射到远离公共圆心的投影屏上的光线能以可视的角度投射到观察者眼中。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，所述第一折射率n1为1.4～1.6；制备所述菲涅尔结构层2的第一透明光学材料为光学级高透过率的光学胶，光学级高透过率的光学胶可以为但不仅仅限于丙烯酸型树脂、不饱和聚酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂及光固化胶中的至少一种。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，所述显示层3的厚度d≤500μm；所述第二折射率n2≥1.6；所述显示层3的成型工艺可以为但不仅仅限于蒸镀、溅射、涂布、喷砂、溅射等中的任意一种；制备所述显示层3的第二透明光学材料可以为但不仅仅限于金属或金属氧化物。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，制备所述基层1的材料为硬性透明材料或柔性透明材料。优选的，所述硬性透明材料为玻璃；所述柔性透明材料可以为但不仅仅限于PET、PC、PMMA、PE等中的任意一种。
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，所述透明投影屏还包括保护层5，所述保护层5设于所述折射率匹配层4第一表面上。所述保护层5的作用可以为具有抗划伤、抗磨损，起到保护透明投影屏表面的作用。优选的，制备所述保护层5的材料可以为但不仅仅限于玻璃、亚克力、PET或其他高透过率硬性或柔性材料等中的任意一种。
此外，本案中还给出了菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图，如图6所示，其所示的透明投影屏主要针对投影屏尺寸较小且位于人眼正前方时的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图，此时，投影屏内的菲涅尔结构设计偏向于使经过投影屏的反射光线基本以垂直于投影屏的方向进入观察者眼中。
实施例2
本申请还给了另一种具有不同菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图，如图8所示，该实施例为实施例1的变形，即：透明投影屏中的菲涅尔结构的公共圆心置于上方，此时，可以将投影设备置于透明投影屏的上部。仅以此可知，1)菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏可以进行任意角度的旋转，其菲涅尔结构的公共圆心可以置于投影屏靠近边缘处的任意位置；2)透明投影屏内的菲涅尔结构也可以进行任意角度的旋转，其菲涅尔结构的公共圆心可以置于投影屏靠近边缘处的任意位置。优选地，光源或投影设备所在的位置设置为在垂直于投影屏且公共圆心所在的直线上或临近垂直于投影屏且公共圆心所在的直线上，这种结构设计有利于透明投影屏对光源或投影设备发射出的光线进行充分的反射，提高屏幕的显示均一性和对比亮度。
实施例3
本申请还给了另一种具有不同菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图，如图9所示，该实施例为实施例1的变形。图7中透明投影屏中菲涅尔结构的设计主要针对投影屏尺寸较大且投影屏整体位于人眼所在水平面的上方时：位于投影屏上部的任意一个菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23反射光线基本以垂直于投影屏的方向向下偏转一定角度进入观察者眼中；位于投影屏中下部的任意一个菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23反射光线基本以平行于投影屏的方向进入观察者眼中。为实现上述目的可以通过调整交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1和/或夹角α1。如：使每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的h1随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大和/或使每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α1随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大等。
实施例4
本申请中，作为优选的实施方案，还可以在每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面23设置凸型或凹型的表面微结构，如图10所示，图10中的左图为具有凹型表面微结构26的第一侧表面23，图10中的右图为具有凸型表面微结构27的第一侧表面23，本实施例中，凹型表面微结构26和凸型表面微结构27的形状例如可以采用球形、椭球形或其他规则或不规则排列的凹型或凸型，或者多种形状的叠加结构，不再赘述。通过凹型或凸型表面结构设计可改变部分投影光线的反射方向，进一步调整可视范围。图11为具有凹型表面微结构26的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏的剖面结构示意图，图12还给出了具有凹型表面微结构26的菲涅 尔结构的透明投影屏的投影光线示意图。优选的，所述凸型或凹型的表面微结构的成型工艺例如可以采用撞点、转印、喷砂、溅射中的任意一种。
本申请中，还给出了本申请技术方案中菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏幕对投影光线、环境光线的技术效果图，如图13和图14所示：图13中，由投影屏幕上部进入投影屏的环境光线通过投影屏反射和透射后再次进入环境中，避免了环境光线进入观察者可视范围，保证了屏幕显示效果；图14中，从非投影侧进入投影屏幕的光线直接穿透投影屏幕进入观察者视线中，从而实现了透明投影的效果。
为制备出能够抗环境光干扰并且能够高对比清晰成像的透明投影屏，本申请还提供了一种投影系统，如图6、图8、图9和图12所示，所述投影系统包括投影仪和透明投影屏，所述透明投影屏为上述描述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏中的任意一种结构。优选的，所述投影仪为短焦投影仪或超短焦投影仪。进一步优选的，所述投影仪设于与所述透明投影屏所在平面垂直且与公共圆心同一条直线上。
综上所述，上本申请提供了一种具有菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，通过设置了具有特定结构的菲涅尔结构单元，能使照射到每个菲涅尔结构单元的入射光被该位置的菲涅尔微结构矫正，以一定的可视范围反射到观察者方向。此外，由于投影仪常常位于投影屏的一侧进行投影，因此，远离投影仪所在平面的投影屏反射光线时经常受外界环境光线的影响，画面亮度均匀性不一致，因此，设置夹角β1＞60°，有利于外界环境光线反射和透射到观察者可视范围以外的区域，从而降低环境光对投影屏 显示效果的影响，提高屏幕对比度。
虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述透明投影屏包括：
    基层，所述基层具有相对平行设置的基层第一表面和基层第二表面；
    菲涅尔结构层，所述菲涅尔结构层是形成在所述基层第一表面上的多个菲涅尔结构单元，所述多个菲涅尔结构单元排列形成具有公共圆心的多个同心圆弧，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元包括靠近公共圆心的第一侧表面、远离公共圆心的第二侧表面以及与所述基层第一表面平行的底面，多个所述第一侧表面和多个所述第二侧表面形成所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面，多个所述底面形成所述菲涅尔结构层第二表面，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面包括三条彼此相交的线条a、线条b和线条c，所述线条b上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角β1＞60°，且所述菲涅尔结构层具有第一折射率n1；
    显示层，所述显示层具有相对设置的显示层第一表面和显示层第二表面，所述显示层第二表面设置在所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面上，所述显示层第二表面基本上保形于所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面，使所述显示层形成与所述菲涅尔结构层第一表面基本一致的结构，且所述显示层具有第二折射率n2；
    折射率匹配层，所述折射率匹配层具有相背的折射率匹配层第一表面和折射率匹配层第二表面，所述折射率匹配层第二表面设置于所述显示层第一表面上并保形于所述显示层第一表面，所述折射率匹配层第一表面为平行于所述基层第二表面的表面，且所述折射率匹配层具有第三折射率n3；
    其中，所述第一折射率n1与第三折射率n3基本上相同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所 述线条a上任意一点的切线与所述线条c的夹角0°＜α1≤60°。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的h1随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的截面为三角形，所述线条a与所述线条c的夹角为α2，0°＜α2≤60°，所述线条b与所述线条c的夹角为β2，β2＞60°。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，位于不同所述菲涅尔结构单元上的夹角α2随着远离公共圆心逐渐增大。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述透明投影屏包括紧邻公共圆心的第一侧平面和与所述第一侧平面相对设置的远离公共圆心的第二侧平面，菲涅尔结构单元沿着垂直于与所述第一侧平面所在平面垂直的方向由所述第一侧平面向所述第二侧平面方向直线移动，菲涅尔结构单元的夹角α2的角度大小整体呈现单调增长趋势。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的所述线条c的长度基本固定。
  8. 如权利要求5或6所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元上的所述线条a与所述线条b的交点P到所述线条c的垂直距离为h1，所述h1的高度基本固定。
  9. 如权利要求1任意一项所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述第一折射率n1为1.4～1.6。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，制备所述菲涅尔结构层的第一透明光学材料为光学级高透过率的 光学胶，所述光学级高透过率的光学胶为丙烯酸型树脂、不饱和聚酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、光固化胶中的至少一种。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述显示层的厚度d≤500μm。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述第二折射率n2≥1.6。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述显示层的成型工艺为蒸镀、溅射、涂布、喷砂中的任意一种。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，制备所述显示层的第二透明光学材料为金属或金属氧化物。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，制备所述基层的材料为硬性透明材料或柔性透明材料。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述硬性透明材料为玻璃。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述柔性透明材料为PET、PC、PMMA、PE中的任意一种。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，每个所述菲涅尔结构单元的第一侧表面设置为凸型或凹型的表面微结构。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，所述透明投影屏还包括保护层，所述保护层设于所述折射率匹配层第一表面上。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的菲涅尔结构的透明投影屏，其特征在于，制备所述保护层的材料为玻璃、亚克力、PET或其他高透过率硬性或柔性材料中的任意一种。
  21. 一种投影系统，其特征在于，所述投影系统包括投影仪和透明投影屏，所述透明投影屏为权利要求1-20任意一项所述的菲涅尔 结构的透明投影屏。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的投影系统，其特征在于，所述投影仪为短焦投影仪或超短焦投影仪。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的投影系统，其特征在于，所述投影仪设于与所述透明投影屏所在平面垂直且与公共圆心同一条直线上。
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