WO2022247728A1 - 单向阀 - Google Patents

单向阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022247728A1
WO2022247728A1 PCT/CN2022/093882 CN2022093882W WO2022247728A1 WO 2022247728 A1 WO2022247728 A1 WO 2022247728A1 CN 2022093882 W CN2022093882 W CN 2022093882W WO 2022247728 A1 WO2022247728 A1 WO 2022247728A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
guide
guide hole
piston rod
rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/093882
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯忠波
宋治国
王傅钢
Original Assignee
浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020237044058A priority Critical patent/KR20240012488A/ko
Priority to JP2023562830A priority patent/JP2024520254A/ja
Priority to EP22810455.0A priority patent/EP4328469A1/en
Publication of WO2022247728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022247728A1/zh
Priority to US18/516,935 priority patent/US20240084906A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/025—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/025—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F16K15/026—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring the valve member being a movable body around which the medium flows when the valve is open
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F16K1/38—Valve members of conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/46—Attachment of sealing rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/54—Arrangements for modifying the way in which the rate of flow varies during the actuation of the valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K2200/00—Details of valves
    • F16K2200/30—Spring arrangements
    • F16K2200/303—Means for protecting the spring in the fluid flow path

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to a check valve.
  • the one-way valve in the related art includes a valve cavity and a piston in the valve cavity.
  • the piston moves toward/away from the valve port in the valve cavity, the risk of throttling is often caused by the expansion of the seal, which hinders the flow of refrigerant, thus affecting the one-way valve. normal operation of the valve.
  • a check valve including a valve body and a piston unit, the valve body includes a valve cavity and a valve port, the valve body is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the valve port Located between the inlet and the valve chamber, the outlet communicates with the valve chamber, the piston unit can move axially along the valve body in the valve chamber to open/close the valve port ;
  • the valve cavity includes an enlarged diameter portion, and the flow area at the enlarged diameter portion is larger than the flow area at the valve port.
  • the one-way valve further includes a guide rod, the guide rod is fixed in the valve cavity, the piston unit includes a piston rod and a seal, and one end of the piston rod is connected to the guide rod. The other end is set toward the valve port, the seal is installed on the end of the piston rod facing the valve port, and the piston rod can be guided along the valve body under the guidance of the guide rod. The axis moves to drive the seal to open/close the valve port.
  • the flow area of the valve cavity at the end of the valve port close to the outlet is larger than the flow area at the valve port.
  • the diameter of the guide rod is D
  • the effective length of the guide rod used to guide the movement of the piston rod is H
  • the following relationship is satisfied: 0.8D ⁇ H ⁇ 3D.
  • the piston rod is provided with a first stopper and a second stopper at one end close to the inlet, and a recess is formed between the first stopper and the second stopper. Groove, the groove is used to place the seal.
  • the first stopper portion includes a first peripheral wall portion
  • the enlarged diameter portion includes a second peripheral wall portion, defining the distance between the extension line of the first peripheral wall portion and the axis of the valve body.
  • the included angle is ⁇
  • the included angle between the extension line of the second peripheral wall and the axis of the valve body is defined as ⁇ , and ⁇ and ⁇ satisfy the following relational formula: ⁇ > ⁇ , 0° ⁇ 90°, 0° ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • the piston rod is provided with a first guide hole near the end of the guide rod
  • the guide rod is provided with a second guide hole near the end of the piston rod
  • the first guide hole and the The second guide hole is connected
  • the one-way valve also includes an elastic member, the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the piston rod and the guide rod, and the elastic member is located in the first guide hole and the guide rod at the same time.
  • the second guide hole define the diameter of the first guide hole as X
  • the end of the guide rod away from the piston rod is provided with a balance hole, one end of the balance hole communicates with the second guide hole, and the other end of the balance hole communicates with the outlet Pass.
  • the piston rod is further provided with a third guide hole, the third guide hole communicates with the first guide hole, and the third guide hole is located in the first guide hole.
  • the setting of the third guide hole plays a guiding role for the elastic member, so that the elastic member is not easy to deflect during telescopic and stretching movements, so that the piston rod moves more smoothly relative to the elastic member.
  • the guide rod moves.
  • a locating piece is fixedly arranged in the valve cavity, the locating piece is arranged on the end of the guide rod away from the piston rod, the locating piece is provided with a through hole, and the guide rod is inserted into the It is arranged in the through hole and fixedly connected with the positioning piece; the flow area of the positioning piece is greater than or equal to the flow area of the valve port.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a check valve in an open state according to one or more embodiments.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a check valve in a closed state according to one or more embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a valve body according to one or more embodiments.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piston rod according to one or more embodiments.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rod according to one or more embodiments.
  • a component when a component is said to be “mounted on” another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component.
  • a component When a component is said to be “set on” another component, it may be set directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component at the same time.
  • a component When a component is said to be “fixed” to another component, it may be directly fixed to the other component or there may be an intervening component at the same time.
  • the present application provides a check valve 100
  • the check valve 100 is used in air conditioners to prevent refrigerant backflow, and can also be used in hydraulic systems to prevent reverse flow of oil flow, or for Prevent reverse flow of compressed air in the pneumatic system.
  • the one-way valve 100 provided by this application includes a valve body 10 and a piston unit 20.
  • the valve body 10 includes a valve chamber 11 and a valve port 12.
  • An inlet 13 and an outlet 14 are opened on the valve body 10.
  • the valve port 12 is located at the inlet. 13 and the valve cavity 11, the outlet 14 communicates with the valve cavity 11, and the piston unit 20 can move axially along the valve body 10 in the valve cavity 11 to open/close the valve port 12; the valve cavity 11 includes an enlarged diameter portion 15, The flow area at the enlarged diameter portion 15 is larger than the flow area at the valve port 12 .
  • the check valve 100 provided by the application is set in the valve body 10
  • the enlarged diameter portion 15 makes the flow area in the valve cavity 11 larger than the flow area of the valve port 12, thereby avoiding the risk of throttling and improving the flow capacity.
  • valve body 10 has a long cylindrical shape as a whole and is formed as a hollow structure.
  • the valve body 10 is made of cast copper; of course, in other embodiments, the valve body 10 can also be made of cast iron or other materials. The material is not limited here.
  • the flow area of the valve cavity 11 at the end of the valve port 12 near the outlet 14 is larger than the flow area at the valve port 12, so that no throttling occurs when the refrigerant flows from the valve port 12 to the outlet 14 Risks are avoided, circulation is blocked, and circulation capacity is improved.
  • the inner wall of the enlarged diameter portion 15 is a tapered surface, and the tapered surface is a flared mouth toward the outlet 14, and the small diameter end of the enlarged diameter portion 15 communicates with the valve port 12, so that the refrigerant flows through the inlet 13.
  • the valve port 12 flows to the outlet 14 through the enlarged diameter portion 15 , the flow area gradually increases.
  • the advantage of setting the enlarged diameter portion 15 as a tapered surface is that the flow area of the refrigerant can be gradually increased without causing excessive impact force of the refrigerant in the valve cavity 11 due to the sharp increase of the flow area. Damage to the structure of the valve body further affects the normal operation of the check valve 100 .
  • the one-way valve 100 also includes a guide rod 30, the guide rod 30 is fixed in the valve chamber 11, the piston unit 20 includes a piston rod 21 and a seal 22, one end of the piston rod 21 is matched with the guide rod 30, and the other end faces the valve. port 12, the seal 22 is installed on the end of the piston rod 21 facing the valve port 12, the piston rod 21 can move along the axis of the valve body 10 under the guidance of the guide rod 30, so as to drive the seal 22 to open/close the valve port 12.
  • the piston rod 21 is provided with a first stopper 211 and a second stopper 212 at one end close to the inlet 13, and a groove 213 is formed between the first stopper 211 and the second stopper 212,
  • the groove 213 is used to place the seal 22; the first stopper 211 and the second stopper 212 stop the seal 22 back and forth, so that the seal 22 is not easy to fall off under different working conditions of the one-way valve 100, It helps to improve the service life of the check valve 100 and ensure stable sealing performance.
  • the sealing member 22 is made of rubber or plastic.
  • the sealing member 22 can also be made of other materials, which are not limited here.
  • the first stopper portion 211 includes a first peripheral wall portion 2111
  • the enlarged diameter portion 15 includes a second peripheral wall portion 151, defining an angle between the extension line of the first peripheral wall portion 2111 and the axis of the valve body 10 as ⁇ , define the angle between the extension line of the second peripheral wall portion 151 and the axis of the valve body 10 as ⁇ , and ⁇ and ⁇ satisfy the relational formula: ⁇ > ⁇ , 0° ⁇ 90°, 0° ⁇ 90°; so that When the piston rod 21 moves along the axis of the valve body 10 and abuts against the valve port 12, a linear seal is formed between the first stopper portion 211 and the enlarged diameter portion 15, thereby enhancing the sealing performance and reducing the leakage rate.
  • the first peripheral wall portion 2111 is a tapered surface, defining the maximum outer diameter of the first stopper portion 211 as D 1 , defining the maximum outer diameter of the second stopper portion 212 as D 2 , and defining the maximum outer diameter of the sealing member 22
  • the maximum outer diameter is D 3 , D 1 , D 2 and D 3 satisfy the relational formula: D 3 >D 2 >D 1 ; so that when the piston rod 21 moves along the axis of the valve body 10 and abuts against the valve port 12 Firstly, the sealing member 22 abuts against the second peripheral wall portion 151 to form a first soft seal.
  • the piston rod 21 will be further pushed toward the valve port 12, and thus When the first stopper 211 abuts against the second peripheral wall 151, and because ⁇ > ⁇ , the first stopper 211 and the second peripheral wall 151 form a second line seal, so that the valve No matter what pressure value is in the chamber 11, more reliable sealing can be realized and the sealing performance can be improved.
  • the piston rod 21 is provided with a first guide hole 214 near the end of the guide rod 30, and the end of the guide rod 30 near the piston rod 21 is provided with a second guide hole 31, the first guide hole 214 and The second guide hole 31 communicates, and the one-way valve 100 also includes an elastic member 40, the two ends of the elastic member 40 are respectively connected to the piston rod 21 and the guide rod 30, and the elastic member 40 is located in the first guide hole 214 and the second guide hole at the same time.
  • 31 define the diameter of the first guide hole 214 as X, define the diameter of the second guide hole 31 as Y, define the diameter of the elastic member 40 as Z, and satisfy the relational formula: X>Y>Z; so that when assembling the piston rod 21. It is more convenient and quicker when guiding rod 30 and elastic member 40.
  • a third guide hole 215 is also provided on the piston rod 21, the third guide hole 215 communicates with the first guide hole 214, and the third guide hole 215 is located away from the first guide hole 214.
  • One end of the rod 30; the aperture of the third guide hole 215 is defined as W, which satisfies the relational expression: Z ⁇ W ⁇ X; the setting of the third guide hole 215 plays a guiding role on the elastic member 40, so that the elastic member 40 is stretched and stretched It is not easy to deflect during the stretching movement, so that the piston rod 21 moves relative to the guide rod 30 more smoothly.
  • a third guide hole 215 with a smaller diameter than the first guide hole 214 is not provided, then the piston rod 21 moves relative to the guide rod 30 and the elastic member 40 stretches along with the movement of the piston rod 21 or When shrinking, the elastic member 40 is likely to deflect left and right, causing the elastic member 40 to be stuck inside the first guide hole 214, and the piston rod 21 cannot continue to move relative to the guide rod 30, thereby affecting the normal operation of the one-way valve 100
  • a third guide hole 215 with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the elastic member 40 is provided in the piston rod 21 to limit the elastic member 40 from swinging left and right when it is stretched or compressed, thereby improving the stability of the piston rod 21.
  • the setting of the third guide hole 215 makes a limited step 216 formed between the first guide hole 214 and the third guide hole 215, so that the guide rod 30 can resist when moving in the first guide hole 214. Leaning against the limiting step 216, the limiting effect on the guide rod 30 is realized.
  • the elastic member 40 is selected from a spring; of course, in other embodiments, the elastic member 40 can also be selected from other components, which is not limited here.
  • the end of the guide rod 30 away from the piston rod 21 is provided with a balance hole 32, one end of the balance hole 32 communicates with the second guide hole 31, and the other end of the balance hole 32 communicates with the outlet 14, so
  • the resistance to the piston rod 21 can be reduced to facilitate the movement of the piston rod 21 between the inlet 13 and the outlet 14 , and also reduce the fluid resistance and improve the flow capacity of the refrigerant in the valve cavity 11 .
  • the diameter of the guide rod 30 is D
  • the effective length of the guide rod 30 used to guide the movement of the piston rod 21 is defined as H, and satisfies the relation: 0.8D ⁇ H ⁇ 3D; if the guide length H is too short, the When the piston rod 21 is guided and moved on the guide rod 30, it is easy to get stuck, thereby affecting the normal operation of the check valve 100. If the guide length H is too long, the material cost will be increased. On the premise of saving material cost, the circulation of refrigerant in the valve chamber 11 is avoided from being obstructed, and the performance of refrigerant circulation is improved.
  • the first guide hole 214 of the piston rod 21 is provided with a communication hole (not shown) that extends radially and communicates with the first guide hole 214 and the outside of the piston rod 21.
  • the communication hole is arranged on a side of the first guide hole 214 away from the guide rod 30
  • a positioning member 50 is fixedly arranged in the valve chamber 11, and the positioning member 50 is arranged on the end of the guide rod 30 away from the piston rod 21.
  • the positioning member 50 is provided with a through hole 51, and the guide rod 30 is inserted into the through hole 51. It is fixedly connected with the positioning member 50.
  • the positioning member 50 includes a baffle 52 and a clip spring 53.
  • the baffle 52 is fixed between the guide rod 30 and the clip spring 53, so that the baffle 52 can move in the axial direction of the valve body 10 after being limited by the clip spring 53. No room for movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种单向阀（100），包括阀体（10）以及活塞单元（20），阀体（10）内包括阀腔（11）以及阀口（12），阀体（10）上开设有进口（13）和出口（14），阀口（12）位于进口（13）和阀腔（11）之间，出口（14）与阀腔（11）连通，活塞单元（20）可在阀腔（11）内沿阀体（10）轴向移动，以启/闭阀口（12）；阀腔（11）包括扩径部（15），扩径部（15）处的流通面积大于阀口（12）处的流通面积。这种单向阀能够避免节流风险和流通受阻，进而提高流通能力。

Description

单向阀
相关申请
本申请要求2021年5月26日申请的，申请号为202121151286.5，发明名称为“单向阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及阀门技术领域，特别是涉及一种单向阀。
背景技术
单向阀是一种允许液体仅向一个方向流动而抑制向相反方向流动的阀，这种单向阀设置在液压回路或者制冷循环系统的配管等位置，以用来防止液体的逆流。
相关技术中的单向阀包括阀腔以及阀腔内的活塞，活塞在阀腔内朝向/远离阀口运动时经常会由于密封件的膨胀产生节流风险，阻碍冷媒的流通，从而影响单向阀的正常工作。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供了一种单向阀，包括阀体以及活塞单元，所述阀体包括阀腔以及阀口，所述阀体上开设有进口和出口，所述阀口位于所述进口和所述阀腔之间，所述出口与所述阀腔连通，所述活塞单元可在所述阀腔内沿所述阀体轴向移动，以启/闭所述阀口；所述阀腔包括扩径部，所述扩径部处的流通面积大于所述阀口处的流通面积。
在其中一个实施例中，所述单向阀还包括导向杆，所述导向杆固定于所述阀腔内，所述活塞单元包括活塞杆以及密封件，所述活塞杆的一端与所述导向杆配合，另一端朝向所述阀口设置，所述密封件安装于所述活塞杆朝向所述阀口的一端，所述活塞杆在所述导向杆的导向作用下能够沿着所述阀体的轴线运动，以带动所述密封件启/闭所述阀口。
在其中一个实施例中，所述阀口靠近所述出口一端的所述阀腔内的流通面积大于所述阀口处的流通面积。
在其中一个实施例中，所述导向杆的直径为D，所述导向杆用于导向所述活塞杆运动的有效长度为H，且满足以下关系式：0.8D≤H≤3D。
在其中一个实施例中，所述活塞杆在靠近所述进口一端设有第一止挡部和第二止挡部，所述第一止挡部和所述第二止挡部之间形成凹槽，所述凹槽用于放置所述密封件。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一止挡部包括第一周壁部，所述扩径部包括第二周壁部，定义所述第一周壁部的延长线与所述阀体轴线的夹角为α，定义所述第二周壁部的延长线与所述阀体轴线的夹角为β，α和β满足以下关系式：α＞β，0°＜α＜90°，0°＜β＜90°。
在其中一个实施例中，所述活塞杆靠近所述导向杆一端开设有第一导向孔，所述导向杆靠近所述活塞杆一端开设有第二导向孔，所述第一导向孔和所述第二导向孔相连通，所述单向阀还包括弹性件，所述弹性件的两端分别连接所述活塞杆和所述导向杆，且所述弹性件同时位于所述第一导向孔和所述第二导向孔中；定义所述第一导向孔的直径为X，定义所述第二导向孔的直径为Y，定义弹性件的直径为Z，满足以下关系式：X＞Y＞Z。
在其中一个实施例中，所述导向杆远离所述活塞杆一端开设有平衡孔， 所述平衡孔的一端与所述第二导向孔相连通，所述平衡孔的另一端与所述出口相连通。
在其中一个实施例中，所述活塞杆上还开设有第三导向孔，所述第三导向孔与所述第一导向孔相连通，且所述第三导向孔位于所述第一导向孔远离所述导向杆的一端；定义所述第三导向孔的孔径为W，满足以下关系式：Z＜W＜X。
可以理解的是，所述第三导向孔的设置对所述弹性件起到了一个导向作用，使得所述弹性件在伸缩与拉伸运动时不易偏斜，使得所述活塞杆更加顺畅的相对于所述导向杆进行运动。
在其中一个实施例中，所述阀腔内还固定设置有定位件，所述定位件设置于所述导向杆远离所述活塞杆一端，所述定位件开设有通孔，所述导向杆插设于所述通孔中与所述定位件固定连接；所述定位件处的流通面积大于等于所述阀口的流通面积。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些申请的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的申请、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些申请的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为根据一个或多个实施例的单向阀的开阀状态结构示意图。
图2为根据一个或多个实施例的单向阀的关阀状态结构示意图。
图3为根据一个或多个实施例的阀体的结构示意图。
图4为根据一个或多个实施例的活塞杆的结构示意图。
图5为根据一个或多个实施例的导向杆的结构示意图。
图中各符号表示含义如下：
100、单向阀；10、阀体；11、阀腔；12、阀口；13、进口；14、出口；15、扩径部；151、第二周壁部；152、扩口；153、小径端；20、活塞单元；21、活塞杆；211、第一止挡部；2111、第一周壁部；212、第二止挡部；213、凹槽；214、第一导向孔；215、第三导向孔；216、限位台阶；22、密封件；30、导向杆；31、第二导向孔；32、平衡孔；40、弹性件；50、定位件；51、通孔；52、挡板；53、卡簧。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“装设于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“固定于”另一个组件，它可以是直接固定在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本申请的说明书中所使用的术 语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本申请所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参考图1至图5，本申请提供一种单向阀100，该单向阀100应用于空调机中防止制冷剂倒流,还可以用于液压系统中防止油流反向流动,或者用于气动系统中防止压缩空气逆向流动。
具体地，本申请提供的单向阀100包括阀体10以及活塞单元20，阀体10内包括阀腔11以及阀口12，阀体10上开设有进口13和出口14，阀口12位于进口13和阀腔11之间，出口14与阀腔11连通，活塞单元20可在阀腔11内沿阀体10轴向移动，以启/闭阀口12；阀腔11包括扩径部15，扩径部15处的流通面积大于阀口12处的流通面积。
需要说明的是，相关技术中的单向阀，活塞在阀腔内朝向/远离阀口运动时经常会由于密封件的膨胀产生节流风险，阻碍冷媒的流通，从而影响单向阀的正常工作。而本实施方式中，由于流经阀腔11的冷媒会使得密封件22膨胀，从而造成活塞单元20在工作行程内产生节流，因此本申请提供的单向阀100通过在阀体10内设置扩径部15，使得阀腔11内的流通面积大于阀口12的流通面积，从而避免了节流风险，进而提高了流通能力。
可选地，阀体10整体呈长筒状，且形成为中空结构，在本实施例中，阀体10选用铸铜材质；当然，在其他实施例中，阀体10也可以采用铸铁等其他材质，在此不作限定。
如图1至图3所示，阀口12靠近出口14一端的阀腔11内的流通面积大于阀口12处的流通面积，使得冷媒从阀口12流向出口14的过程中不会产生节流风险，避免了流通受阻，提高了流通能力。
具体地，扩径部15的内壁为锥形面，且该锥形面为朝向出口14方向的 扩口，扩径部15的小径端与阀口12相连通，使得冷媒从进口13处流经阀口12再经由扩径部15流向出口14的过程中，流通面积逐渐增大。将扩径部15设置为锥形面的好处便是可以使得冷媒的流通面积有一个逐步增大的过程，而不会因为流通面积的剧增而导致冷媒在阀腔11内冲击力过大造成阀体结构的损坏，进而影响单向阀100的正常运行。
进一步地，单向阀100还包括导向杆30，导向杆30固定于阀腔11内，活塞单元20包括活塞杆21以及密封件22，活塞杆21的一端与导向杆30配合，另一端朝向阀口12设置，密封件22安装于活塞杆21朝向阀口12的一端，活塞杆21在导向杆30的导向作用下能够沿着阀体10的轴线运动，以带动密封件22启/闭阀口12。
如图4所示，活塞杆21在靠近进口13一端设有第一止挡部211和第二止挡部212，第一止挡部211和第二止挡部212之间形成凹槽213，凹槽213用于放置密封件22；第一止挡部211和第二止挡部212对密封件22进行了前后止挡，使得密封件22在单向阀100不同的工作状态下不易脱落，有助于提高单向阀100的使用寿命和保证稳定的密封性能。
可选地，在本实施例中，密封件22采用橡胶或者塑料材质，当然，在其他实施例中，密封件22还可以采用其他材质，在此不作限定。
进一步地，第一止挡部211上包括第一周壁部2111，扩径部15上包括第二周壁部151，定义第一周壁部2111的延长线与阀体10轴线的夹角为α，定义第二周壁部151的延长线与阀体10轴线的夹角为β，α和β满足关系式：α＞β，0°＜α＜90°，0°＜β＜90°；如此使得当活塞杆21沿着阀体10的轴线运动并抵靠阀口12时，第一止挡部211与扩径部15之间抵靠形成线密封，从而增强了密封性能，降低了泄漏率。
需要说明的是，第一周壁部2111为锥形面，定义第一止挡部211的最大外径为D 1，定义第二止挡部212的最大外径为D 2，定义密封件22的最大外径为D 3，D 1、D 2和D 3满足关系式：D 3＞D 2＞D 1；如此使得当活塞杆21沿着阀体10的轴线运动并抵靠阀口12时，首先是密封件22与第二周壁部151相抵靠并形成第一道软密封，如若阀腔11内的压差持续增大，便会将活塞杆21进一步朝向阀口12的方向推动，此时第一止挡部211抵靠在第二周壁部151上，又由于α＞β，则使得第一止挡部211与第二周壁部151形成了第二道线密封，如此设置便使得阀腔11内不论处于何种压力值时都能实现更可靠的密封，提高密封性能。结合图1、图2以及图5所示，活塞杆21靠近导向杆30一端开设有第一导向孔214，导向杆30靠近活塞杆21一端开设有第二导向孔31，第一导向孔214和第二导向孔31相连通，单向阀100还包括弹性件40，弹性件40的两端分别连接活塞杆21和导向杆30，且弹性件40同时位于第一导向孔214和第二导向孔31中；定义第一导向孔214的直径为X，定义第二导向孔31的直径为Y，定义弹性件40的直径为Z，满足关系式：X＞Y＞Z；如此使得在装配活塞杆21、导向杆30和弹性件40时更加方便快捷。
进一步地，如图4所示，活塞杆21上还开设有第三导向孔215，第三导向孔215与第一导向孔214相连通，且第三导向孔215位于第一导向孔214远离导向杆30的一端；定义第三导向孔215的孔径为W，满足关系式：Z＜W＜X；第三导向孔215的设置对弹性件40起到了一个导向作用，使得弹性件40在伸缩与拉伸运动时不易偏斜，使得活塞杆21更加顺畅的相对于导向杆30进行运动。
需要说明的是，如若不设置孔径比第一导向孔214的孔径小的第三导向孔215，则在活塞杆21相对于导向杆30运动且弹性件40随着活塞杆21的运 动拉伸或者收缩时，弹性件40很容易发生左右偏斜，导致弹性件40在第一导向孔214内部被卡死，活塞杆21无法继续相对于导向杆30做运动，从而影响单向阀100的正常运行，为了解决这一问题，在活塞杆21内开设孔径稍大于弹性件40外径的第三导向孔215，限制弹性件40在拉伸或者压缩时无法进行左右摆动，从而提高了活塞杆21的运动流畅性；另外的，第三导向孔215的设置使得第一导向孔214和第三导向孔215之间形成有限位台阶216，从而使得导向杆30在第一导向孔214内运动时能够抵靠在限位台阶216上，以此实现了对导向杆30的限位作用。
可选地，在本实施例中，弹性件40选用弹簧；当然，在其他实施例中，弹性件40还可以选用其他构件，在此不作限定。
进一步地，如图5所示，导向杆30远离活塞杆21一端开设有平衡孔32，平衡孔32的一端与第二导向孔31相连通，平衡孔32的另一端与出口14相连通，如此能够减少对活塞杆21的阻力，便于活塞杆21在进口13和出口14之间移动，也降低了流体的阻力，提高了冷媒在阀腔11内的流通能力。
具体地，导向杆30的直径为D，定义导向杆30用于导向活塞杆21运动的有效长度为H，且满足关系式：0.8D≤H≤3D；若导向长度H过短，则所述活塞杆21在导向杆30上导向运动时很容易卡死，从而影响单向阀100的正常工作，若导向长度H过长，则会增加材料成本，因此限定0.8D≤H≤3D则使得在节约材料成本的前提下避免阀腔11内的冷媒流通受阻，提高冷媒流通性能。
活塞杆21的第一导向孔214设有径向延伸并连通第一导向孔214与活塞杆21外侧的连通孔(图未示)，连通孔设置在第一导向孔214远离导向杆30的一侧，连通孔可设置为至少1个，当连通孔设置为多个时，多个连通孔沿 第一导向孔周向间隔设置。
进一步地，阀腔11内还固定设置有定位件50，所述定位件50设置于导向杆30远离活塞杆21一端，定位件50开设有通孔51，导向杆30插设于通孔51中与定位件50固定连接。
具体地，定位件50包括挡板52和卡簧53，挡板52固定于导向杆30和卡簧53之间，可以使得挡板52在受到卡簧53限位之后在阀体10轴向方向不具有运动空间。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种单向阀，包括阀体以及活塞单元，所述阀体包括阀腔以及阀口，所述阀体上开设有进口和出口，所述阀口位于所述进口和所述阀腔之间，所述出口与所述阀腔连通，所述活塞单元可在所述阀腔内沿所述阀体轴向移动，以启/闭所述阀口；
    所述阀腔包括扩径部，所述扩径部处的流通面积大于所述阀口处的流通面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单向阀，其中，所述扩径部的内壁为锥形面，且所述锥形面为朝向出口方向的扩口，所述扩径部的小径端与所述阀口相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的单向阀，其中，所述单向阀还包括导向杆，所述导向杆固定于所述阀腔内，所述活塞单元包括活塞杆以及密封件，所述活塞杆的一端与所述导向杆配合，另一端朝向所述阀口设置，所述密封件安装于所述活塞杆朝向所述阀口的一端，所述活塞杆在所述导向杆的导向作用下能够沿着所述阀体的轴线运动，以带动所述密封件启/闭所述阀口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的单向阀，其中，所述阀口靠近所述出口一端的所述阀腔内的流通面积大于所述阀口处的流通面积。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的单向阀，其中，所述导向杆的直径为D，所述导向杆用于导向所述活塞杆运动的有效长度为H，且满足以下关系式：
    0.8D≤H≤3D。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的单向阀，其中，所述活塞杆在靠近所述进口一端设有第一止挡部和第二止挡部，所述第一止挡部和所述第二止挡部之间形成凹槽，所述凹槽用于放置所述密封件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的单向阀，其中，定义所述第一止挡部的最大外径为D 1，定义所述第二止挡部的最大外径为D 2，定义所述密封件的最大外径为D 3，D 1、D 2和D 3满足关系式：D 3＞D 2＞D 1。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的单向阀，其中，所述第一止挡部包括第一周壁部，所述扩径部包括第二周壁部，定义所述第一周壁部的延长线与所述阀体轴线的夹角为α，定义所述第二周壁部的延长线与所述阀体轴线的夹角为β，α和β满足以下关系式：
    α＞β，0°＜α＜90°，0°＜β＜90°。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的单向阀，其中，所述活塞杆靠近所述导向杆一端开设有第一导向孔，所述导向杆靠近所述活塞杆一端开设有第二导向孔，所述第一导向孔和所述第二导向孔相连通，所述单向阀还包括弹性件，所述弹性件的两端分别连接所述活塞杆和所述导向杆，且所述弹性件同时位于所述第一导向孔和所述第二导向孔中；
    定义所述第一导向孔的直径为X，定义所述第二导向孔的直径为Y，定义弹性件的直径为Z，满足以下关系式：
    X＞Y＞Z。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的单向阀，其中，所述导向杆远离所述活塞杆一端开设有平衡孔，所述平衡孔的一端与所述第二导向孔相连通，所述平衡孔的另一端与所述出口相连通。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的单向阀，其中，所述活塞杆上还开设有第三导向孔，所述第三导向孔与所述第一导向孔相连通，且所述第三导向孔位于所述第一导向孔远离所述导向杆的一端；
    定义所述第三导向孔的孔径为W，满足以下关系式：
    Z＜W＜X。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的单向阀，其中，所述阀腔内还固定设置有定位件，所述定位件设置于所述导向杆远离所述活塞杆一端，所述定位件开设有通孔，所述导向杆插设于所述通孔中与所述定位件固定连接；所述定位件处的流通面积大于等于所述阀口的流通面积。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的单向阀，其中，所述定位件包括挡板和卡簧，所述挡板固定于所述导向杆和所述卡簧之间。
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CN215980975U (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-03-08 盾安汽车热管理科技有限公司 单向阀

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CN208221675U (zh) * 2018-05-15 2018-12-11 四川迪威消防设备制造有限公司 应用于厨房灭火装置的常压式单向容器阀
CN212080251U (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-12-04 盾安环境技术有限公司 单向阀及具有其的组合阀
CN215980975U (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-03-08 盾安汽车热管理科技有限公司 单向阀

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GB988894A (en) * 1962-11-09 1965-04-14 Damic Controls Ltd Improvements in fluid control valves
US20040061086A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2004-04-01 Jose Rodrigues Pneumatically-controlled needle valve
US20110033313A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Christopher Gruber Air Flow Control Apparatus
CN201735760U (zh) * 2010-07-29 2011-02-09 东莞市益格机电有限公司 压铸机压射机构整体式增压活塞
CN202901348U (zh) * 2012-11-27 2013-04-24 慈溪市美源净水设备有限公司 一种带泄压的球阀
CN208221675U (zh) * 2018-05-15 2018-12-11 四川迪威消防设备制造有限公司 应用于厨房灭火装置的常压式单向容器阀
CN212080251U (zh) * 2020-04-10 2020-12-04 盾安环境技术有限公司 单向阀及具有其的组合阀
CN215980975U (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-03-08 盾安汽车热管理科技有限公司 单向阀

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KR20240012488A (ko) 2024-01-29

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