WO2022237938A1 - Wasserlösliches pflanzenprotein, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung - Google Patents
Wasserlösliches pflanzenprotein, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022237938A1 WO2022237938A1 PCT/DE2022/100356 DE2022100356W WO2022237938A1 WO 2022237938 A1 WO2022237938 A1 WO 2022237938A1 DE 2022100356 W DE2022100356 W DE 2022100356W WO 2022237938 A1 WO2022237938 A1 WO 2022237938A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- kda
- water
- pea
- molecular weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/006—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/14—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from leguminous or other vegetable seeds; from press-cake or oil-bearing seeds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
- A23J3/16—Vegetable proteins from soybean
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/22—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by texturising
- A23J3/225—Texturised simulated foods with high protein content
- A23J3/227—Meat-like textured foods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
- A23J3/32—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents
- A23J3/34—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a water-soluble plant protein with a molecular weight (according to SDS-Page primary structure) between ⁇ 75 kDa and >5 kDa, preferably ⁇ 70 kDa and >7 kDa and particularly preferably ⁇ 68 kDa and >10 kDa; Process for its production and its use.
- proteins are in particular protein mixtures that have a wide variety of individual proteins
- Plant proteins, exemplified here using pea proteins, have hitherto been obtained using relatively simple processes.
- Pea proteins are isolated from pea fruit water, with a heat treatment denaturing water-soluble proteins, which drastically reduces their functionality and solubility.
- the soluble proteins in the pea fruit water fall here as a by-product of plant protein production - e.g. from soybean, oat, lupine and pea protein production - e.g. for animal feed.
- the side stream - i.e. the thermally non-coagulated smaller proteins with a molecular weight of ⁇ 75 kDa, salts, sugars, peptides, etc., is currently being concentrated with a high energy input and u. as livestock feed, although it still contains valuable ingredients with higher added value.
- Thermally coagulated proteins of higher molecular weight have a large loss of functionality in terms of water solubility and emulsification - i.e. they are no longer or poorly soluble in water, bind less water and their ability to form foams is reduced. Smaller proteins have proven to be less sensitive to temperature.
- pea proteins As plant-based proteins become more and more important in our daily diet, they become more and more important. Above all, pea proteins, on the basis of which the invention is explained below, are becoming increasingly important since the demand for non-GMO and allergen-free products has increased worldwide and peas are relatively unproblematic to grow. In addition, pea proteins offer important nutritional, functional and processing advantages.
- proteins are highly functional plant proteins, in particular those from legumes, and is in no way restricted to peas.
- Protein mixtures in particular which have a wide variety of individual proteins, are referred to below as proteins.
- a low-molecular, water-soluble plant protein with a molecular weight ⁇ 75 kDa and >5 kDa, preferably ⁇ 70 kDa and >7 kDa and particularly preferably ⁇ 68 kDa and >10 kDa, produced from protein-containing plant parts is obtained with a: a) protein content 60- 95% by weight b) Moisture content 4-8% c) Foam volume 1700-3100 ml d) Foam stability 80-100% e) Product solubility 100% (pH 7 - pH 9),
- the invention also relates to a method for producing this protein mixture, which is a low molecular weight pea protein fraction, which is produced with the following process steps: a) producing a pea mash from peas and water, mechanically separating the pea mash into insoluble starch and fibers and an aqueous solution with water-soluble proteins, peptides, sugars, salts, and amino acids (pea fruit water); b) Heat coagulation of the pea fruit water at 64 - 70°C and subsequent mechanical separation of the coagulated, denatured pea proteins with a molecular weight >75 kDa; c) phytate reduction by precipitation of phytate compounds, adsorption on phytate adsorbers or enzymatic degradation; d) centrifugation or filtration to separate the precipitated phytates to obtain a phytate-reduced, water-soluble, low molecular weight protein fraction; e) Optionally, nanofiltration of the centrifuge supernatant using
- a protein-rich nanofiltration retentate and a saline permeate f) ultrafiltration of the nanofiltration retentate with plastic ultrafiltration membranes with a cut-off of 5-50 kDa, preferably 5-30 kDa and particularly preferably 10 kDa or a pore size of 0.09-0.14 micrometers for a ceramic membrane, with production a more protein-rich ultrafiltration retentate; g) diafiltration of the ultrafiltration retentate with water; h) if necessary pasteurization of the ultrafiltration retentate and i) if necessary drying of the ultrafiltration retentate.
- the ultrafiltration permeate can be subjected to downstream reverse osmosis as a source of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), sugar and amino acids, and the water thus purified can be reused in the reverse osmosis permeate as process water or operating water or disposed of.
- GOS galactooligosaccharides
- the ultrafiltration retentate is cleaned by diafiltration with tap water, process water, industrial water or deionized water until the conductivity of the retentate solution is reduced by 20-80%, preferably 50-75% and particularly preferably by 60 - 73% is washed, because this removes unfavorable flavors and accompanying substances that hinder the emulsifying capacity.
- the protein according to the invention is isolated from starchy plants or their plant parts, which are selected from root and tuber plants; legume seeds selected from beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils, soya; tree fruits; perennials and perennials; sweet grasses and their fruits as well as algae.
- the low molecular weight protein is useful as a component of foods or supplements, as a dietetic food or food additive for human or animal consumption, aiding in emulsification.
- the starting material for peas is a water-soluble plant protein with a molecular weight between ⁇ 75 kDa and >5 kDa of high functionality and purity.
- the processing of the pea fruit water according to the invention makes more efficient use of the raw material peas and specifically the small proteins with a 5
- Vegetable foamable proteins also have the advantage of being more durable than those of animal origin, such as egg white, and are therefore of particular interest for dry mixes of ready-to-eat food (vegetable egg white substitute; vegetable foamable milk substitute products, addition to beers that are not based on the purity be brewed etc. etc.). They are in high demand, especially for allergy sufferers, but also for vegans. They are also well suited as emulsifiers - also as a substitute for animal proteins and as foaming agents and emulsifiers that can be processed between 5°C and 65°C and stored at room temperature for at least 1 year.
- the components starch, fibers and proteins are mainly obtained from the pea. To do this, dried or fresh peas are crushed and the pea flour or pea pulp is mashed with water (tap water or deionized water). In a manner known per se, the mash is separated into the water-insoluble starch-fiber fraction and protein-rich amniotic fluid using mechanical liquid/solid separating devices - e.g. decanters (see e.g. WO2008049385A1). The protein-containing liquid from the mechanical liquid/solid separator is heated to a temperature between 64°C and 70°C in order to flocculate larger, more temperature-sensitive proteins by heat coagulation.
- the flocculated, heat-denatured proteins are separated by another liquid/solid separator, e.g. another decanter, whereby an aqueous solution of low molecular weight proteins, amino acids, sugars and small peptides is obtained, hereinafter referred to as low molecular weight protein solution.
- another liquid/solid separator e.g. another decanter
- an aqueous solution of low molecular weight proteins, amino acids, sugars and small peptides is obtained, hereinafter referred to as low molecular weight protein solution.
- Water-soluble proteins remain in the aqueous low-molecular protein solution (e.g. from the decanter overflow), some water-insoluble, suspended light components, e.g. B. various colloids and small proteins, peptides, sugars, nucleotides and salts.
- This fraction has hitherto been unused as a protein source for a special protein fraction and used in animal feed.
- This aqueous, low-molecular protein solution also contains anti-nutritional protein components, e.g. PAb1, but also undesirable sugars and GOS. Although it can be foamed, the quality of the foam could be improved. The emulsifying ability of such protein mixtures and the taste could also be improved.
- these undissolved components can be separated using a further mechanical separation process, for example centrifugation, as can be seen from the attached FIGS. 1a and 1b.
- the performance of a nanofiltration is optional.
- the remaining liquid, for example the centrifuge overflow can be subjected to crossflow nanofiltration with a cut-off of 150-300 Da, preferably 180-220 Da.
- the nanofiltration retentate - comprising the desired low molecular weight proteins - or more simply - the centrifuge overflow from the starch/fiber separation, is washed with water - e.g.
- UF ultrafiltration
- the UF retentate according to the invention can be processed directly as a solution in food mixtures, but can also be dried and then marketed as a powder. Particularly gentle drying processes such as lyophilization, spray drying, film drying, fluidized bed drying, etc. are suitable for this.
- the low-molecular protein can be used as a substitute for milk, chicken egg white or cream, although its low fat content means it has a longer shelf life and can also be stored at higher temperatures than these. It is non-gelling, which is beneficial for the preparation of liquids and allows for protein fortification without thickening with less than 1% carbohydrate by weight.
- the water-soluble protein produced in this way is characterized by high foamability and foam stability as well as improved emulsifying ability compared to previously available substitute products for milk proteins or poultry protein.
- a nutritional analysis of the low-molecular protein according to the invention showed (with fluctuations in natural products being unavoidable): 9
- All % - data in this application relate to percent by weight.
- the E numbers specified in the application correspond to the E numbers in Appendix II, Part B LIST OF ALL ADDITIVES of Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 11 listed additives for substances that are approved as food additives in the EU. Among other things, they provide information about the type of starch modification. Furthermore, it must always be taken into account that natural fluctuations in the content of these plant parts are unavoidable due to the weather, growth period and location.
- Fig. 2 HPLC chromatogram of low molecular weight pea protein and standard substances
- the denatured proteins and phytate remaining in the liquid phase are precipitated by the addition of CaCl 2 and again separated as phytate sludge by gravity.
- the remaining protein-containing liquid was depleted of salts, sugars and GOS via nanofiltration and then ultrafiltered and demineralized 12
- the ultrafiltration retentate being obtained as the protein according to the invention, while peptides and amino acids remained in the filtrate (see FIG. 1a).
- Foam activity ml_ 2200 (*after 15 min)
- Foam stability % 100 Emulsion capacity > 1 : 8 : 25 with 4280 mPas
- the viscosity of the emulsion was measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer (DV1MHATJO) with spindle 4 at 20 rpm.
- the pea protein according to the invention does not form gels, but has a strong emulsifying effect.
- the water-soluble, low-molecular pea protein fraction prepared as in example 1—was diafiltered with demineralized water at 67° C. for 10 minutes until the conductivity was reduced by 72%, pasteurized and then spray-dried.
- the spray-dried pea protein according to the invention had the following data:
- Foam activity ml_ 2800 (after 4 min)
- Foam stability % 93 Emulsion capacity > 1:8:25 with 5440 mPas
- the pea protein according to the invention had the following data:
- Example 3 The procedure of Example 3 is shown in Figure 1b. The effect of the longer diafiltration on the foam stability and the ash content as well as the protein solubility in water can be clearly seen compared to example 1.
- the low-molecular, water-soluble protein was analyzed using an HPLC from Knauer.
- An HPLC Xbridge BEH SEC 200A, 3.5 ⁇ m from Waters was used as the column and was eluted with an aqueous solution of 0.02 M Na 2 HPO 4 /NaH 2 PO 4 with pH 7.
- Sigma-Aldrich used the following standards as standards:
- the volume of the proteins in the pea protein according to the invention can therefore be semi-quantitatively assigned to the molar masses:
- Spray-dried low-molecular protein according to example 3 was dissolved in the elution buffer, then separated by HPLC and compared with the standard (high, narrow peaks). Accordingly, the volume of a protein with approx. 12 kDa is greater than the volume of proteins between approx. 20 and 150 kDa - there are essentially no proteins above 670 kDa.
- the influence of diafiltration on the HPLC protein chromatogram was also examined (FIG. 3). It was found that small peptides and other smaller molecules with retention times greater than 20 min were effectively separated by diafiltration.
- the low-molecular protein according to the invention was also examined by means of SDS gel chromatography—see FIG. There, too, three most intense bands can be seen in the range of approx. 15 kDa, approx. 40 kDa and approx. 66 kDa.
- the two methods are not comparable with regard to the molecular weights determined, since the proteins are denatured differently in the measuring methods. However, both methods show that three proteins are the main components of the protein mixture.
- the pea protein according to the invention achieves a meat-like texture without increasing viscosity, resulting in a spreadable mass that can be used for protein enrichment.
- denatured pea globulin denatured protein of greater molecular weight obtained as an intermediate stage after heat coagulation in Example 1, with subsequent washing out and spray drying
- a firm texture can be achieved for e.g. B. a vegan sausage can be achieved.
- the high solubility, foaming and emulsifying ability for a pleasant mouthfeel is an advantage.
- no viscosity develops when heated and can therefore also be used here for protein enrichment.
- the protein according to the invention neutralizes the bitter pea taste of the denatured pea globulin, which is particularly undesirable in meat and milk product alternatives, and the sausage according to the invention thus stands out positively over previous meat products.
- the vegan ground pork was produced as in example 5.
- the low-viscosity pea protein of example 2 according to the invention made it possible to produce a spreadable mass as vegan ground pork with a meat-like taste.
- no viscosity or gelation forms during production using the pea protein according to the invention when heated at 90° C., which means that z. B. remains spreadable for a spread.
- vegan fat particles can be added to the vegan ground pork at a dosage of 10 - 20%.
- the vegan fat particles can be made from a 18
- the result was a creamy vegan ice cream with a neutral taste.
- Example 8 Sliceable vegan cheese imitation / pizza topping
- bitter taste of the de-natured pea globulin could be neutralized and the protein content increased by the pea protein according to the invention.
- a ready-to-shake protein drink was produced with the pea protein according to the invention with a very smooth mouthfeel and foamy structure compared to the drink produced only with denatured pea globulin.
- a viscous sauce was formed with a very fine distribution of fat droplets and high stability of the emulsion produced in this way.
- both solutions can be combined in a mixing head of a drawing machine and subsequently aerated/beaten therein.
- the marshmallows had a springy texture and chewed like conventional foam products made with animal eggs and gelatin.
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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CA3216411A CA3216411A1 (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Water-soluble plant protein, method for producing same, and use thereof |
KR1020237036863A KR20240006521A (ko) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | 수용성 식물성 단백질, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이의 용도 |
JP2023565241A JP2024518039A (ja) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | 水溶性植物タンパク質、それを製造する方法、及びその使用 |
IL308444A IL308444A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Water-soluble vegetable protein, a method for its production, and its use |
EP22724631.1A EP4337023A1 (de) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Wasserlösliches pflanzenprotein, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung |
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DE202021102596.4U DE202021102596U1 (de) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Wasserlösliches Pflanzenprotein |
DE202021102596.4 | 2021-05-11 |
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EP (1) | EP4337023A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2024518039A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20240006521A (de) |
CA (1) | CA3216411A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE202021102596U1 (de) |
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WO2023104250A1 (de) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Emsland-Stärke Gesellschaft Mit Beschränketer Haftung | Wasserloesliches leguminosenprotein |
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US4766204A (en) | 1978-06-02 | 1988-08-23 | Woodstone Foods Limited | Process for preparing products from legumes using centrifugation |
WO2008049385A1 (de) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-02 | Emsland-Stärke GmbH | Verfahren zum erhalt von leguminosenproteinfraktionen mittleren molekulargewichts, leguminosenproteinfraktion und verwendung derselben |
US20140093626A1 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-03 | Kevin I. Segall | Production of pulse protein product using calcium chloride extraction ("yp702") |
US10143226B1 (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-12-04 | Innovative Proteins Holding, LLC | Yellow pea protein compositions with high digestibilities and amino acid scores |
WO2020061698A1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-02 | Burcon Nutrascience (Mb) Corp. | Ph adjusted pulse protein product |
US20200337324A1 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-29 | Innovative Proteins Holding, LLC | Plant-Based Whey Protein and Methods for Producing Plant-Based Whey Protein from By-Products and Waste-Streams |
Family Cites Families (1)
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CN111528334A (zh) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-14 | 烟台双塔食品股份有限公司 | 一种从豌豆中提取全蛋白的方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-11 DE DE202021102596.4U patent/DE202021102596U1/de active Active
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2022
- 2022-05-11 IL IL308444A patent/IL308444A/en unknown
- 2022-05-11 JP JP2023565241A patent/JP2024518039A/ja active Pending
- 2022-05-11 EP EP22724631.1A patent/EP4337023A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-11 KR KR1020237036863A patent/KR20240006521A/ko unknown
- 2022-05-11 CA CA3216411A patent/CA3216411A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-11 WO PCT/DE2022/100356 patent/WO2022237938A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
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US4766204A (en) | 1978-06-02 | 1988-08-23 | Woodstone Foods Limited | Process for preparing products from legumes using centrifugation |
WO2008049385A1 (de) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-02 | Emsland-Stärke GmbH | Verfahren zum erhalt von leguminosenproteinfraktionen mittleren molekulargewichts, leguminosenproteinfraktion und verwendung derselben |
DE102006050619B4 (de) | 2006-10-26 | 2015-03-05 | Emsland-Stärke GmbH | Verfahren zum Erhalt von Leguminosenproteinfraktionen, Leguminosenproteinfraktion und Verwendung derselben |
US20140093626A1 (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-03 | Kevin I. Segall | Production of pulse protein product using calcium chloride extraction ("yp702") |
US10143226B1 (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-12-04 | Innovative Proteins Holding, LLC | Yellow pea protein compositions with high digestibilities and amino acid scores |
WO2020061698A1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-02 | Burcon Nutrascience (Mb) Corp. | Ph adjusted pulse protein product |
US20200337324A1 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-10-29 | Innovative Proteins Holding, LLC | Plant-Based Whey Protein and Methods for Producing Plant-Based Whey Protein from By-Products and Waste-Streams |
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LEI (LEIGH) GAOKHAI D. NGUYENALPHONSUS C. UTIOH, FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 34, 2001, pages 149 - 158 |
Cited By (1)
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WO2023104250A1 (de) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Emsland-Stärke Gesellschaft Mit Beschränketer Haftung | Wasserloesliches leguminosenprotein |
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DE202021102596U1 (de) | 2022-08-12 |
EP4337023A1 (de) | 2024-03-20 |
CA3216411A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
JP2024518039A (ja) | 2024-04-24 |
KR20240006521A (ko) | 2024-01-15 |
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