WO2022237179A1 - 一种解耦型电动助力制动装置 - Google Patents

一种解耦型电动助力制动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237179A1
WO2022237179A1 PCT/CN2021/141136 CN2021141136W WO2022237179A1 WO 2022237179 A1 WO2022237179 A1 WO 2022237179A1 CN 2021141136 W CN2021141136 W CN 2021141136W WO 2022237179 A1 WO2022237179 A1 WO 2022237179A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pedal
rotation
decoupling
connecting rod
electric power
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PCT/CN2021/141136
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王维锐
顾鹏涛
王维镝
孔丽薇
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浙江大学台州研究院
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Publication of WO2022237179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237179A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/06Disposition of pedal

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and in particular relates to a decoupling electric power-assisted braking device.
  • the braking system is an important part of the driving control of the car.
  • the brake booster of the car mostly adopts the form of a vacuum booster; with the development of new energy vehicles and driverless technology, the requirements for the braking system of the car are getting higher and higher.
  • the power system of an electric vehicle is replaced by an internal combustion engine by a drive motor, the traditional vacuum booster brake can no longer obtain a vacuum booster source from the internal combustion engine.
  • the running electronic vacuum pump generates a vacuum source in the vacuum reservoir air tank through the vacuum pump, and then provides a vacuum source for the vacuum booster brake.
  • the transmission vacuum booster needs the engine to provide a vacuum environment, has slow response speed, high energy consumption, and low braking force, and has been gradually replaced by electric booster brakes.
  • Electric power-assisted brakes adjust the magnitude of power assist by controlling the output torque of the motor.
  • the existing electric power-assisted brakes still have problems such as complicated connection control, insufficient response, and poor foot comfort, which need to be improved.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, and to provide a decoupling electric power-assisted braking device.
  • a decoupling electric power-assisted braking device including a box body, a pedal feel simulation mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an anti-rotation mechanism, a brake master cylinder, an angle sensor, a motor, Pedals, the pedal feel simulation mechanism and the anti-rotation mechanism are installed on both sides of the box, the transmission mechanism is set in the box, the anti-rotation mechanism is provided with a positioning mechanism for axial movement, the motor, the angle sensor and the brake control system connection;
  • the pedals are respectively connected with the vehicle frame and the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism through the hinged device, and the angle sensor is installed and connected with the vehicle frame through the bracket, and can monitor and sense changes in the rotation angle of the pedals;
  • the sensor feeds back to the brake control system, and then controls the motor to work.
  • the motor drives the transmission mechanism to rotate synchronously, and pushes the anti-rotation mechanism axially through the tool, so that the components in the anti-rotation mechanism push the brake master cylinder to complete the braking work. ;
  • the components in the pedal feel simulation mechanism pass through the transmission mechanism and have a decoupling gap with the anti-rotation mechanism.
  • the pedal feel simulation mechanism can eliminate the decoupling gap and push the anti-rotation mechanism axially, thereby The components in the mechanism push the brake master cylinder to complete the failure emergency braking work.
  • normal braking mode When used with the car for braking, there are three modes of cooperation: normal braking mode, failure backup braking mode, automatic braking mode, in normal braking mode, step on the pedal, the angle of pedal rotation changes Feedback to the brake control system through the angle sensor, the brake control system controls the motor to work, drives the transmission mechanism synchronously to push the anti-rotation mechanism axially, and then pushes the brake master cylinder through the anti-rotation mechanism to complete the normal braking work ;
  • failure backup braking mode that is, when the angle sensor or the motor fails, the controller sends out an alarm at this time, step on the pedal to eliminate the decoupling gap, and continue to step on the pedal to push the anti-rotation mechanism and brake the master cylinder Promote the completion of failure emergency braking work
  • automatic braking mode is that the braking control system performs control braking work on the motor after receiving the monitoring information of the vehicle's automatic driving.
  • the anti-rotation mechanism includes an anti-rotation cylinder, a booster valve body, a piston push rod, an anti-rotation plate, and a return spring, and the anti-rotation cylinder is fixed to the box.
  • the positioning mechanism is an anti-rotation positioning column arranged on the booster valve body and positioned in the axial positioning groove, the anti-rotation plate is connected with the booster valve body, and passes through the radial
  • the lock nut forms a fixed connection with the components on the transmission mechanism, the piston push rod is arranged in the booster valve body, and the two ends correspond to the components of the brake master cylinder and the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism respectively; the brake master cylinder passes through the master cylinder
  • the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation cylinder body, and the two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the booster valve body and the brake master cylinder.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a worm, a helical gear, and a trapezoidal screw.
  • the two ends of the helical gear are respectively provided with double-row angular contact ball bearings.
  • the row angular contact ball bearings are respectively connected with the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism and the anti-rotation mechanism.
  • the worm is connected with the motor through a coupling.
  • the radial lock nut is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation plate, the helical gear drives the trapezoidal screw to move, and the anti-rotation plate pushes the booster valve body in the anti-rotation mechanism to make it move axially, so that the piston push rod pushes the brake master cylinder Perform braking work.
  • the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism includes a pedal connecting rod, a connecting rod seat, and a foot feeling simulation spring, the connecting rod seat is fixedly connected to the box body, and one end of the pedal connecting rod is connected to the The pedal is connected, and the other end is passed through the connecting rod seat and the through hole of the trapezoidal screw rod respectively.
  • the pedal connecting rod corresponds to the piston push rod to form the above-mentioned decoupling gap.
  • the pedal connecting rod can slide in the through hole of the trapezoidal screw rod and It can eliminate the decoupling gap and abut against the piston push rod, so that the booster valve body and the piston push rod in the anti-rotation mechanism can be axially positioned and moved, so that the piston push rod can push the brake master cylinder;
  • the pedal connecting rod has a positioning
  • the boss and the connecting rod seat are provided with an end cover for positioning the positioning boss, and the foot feeling simulation spring is sleeved on the pedal connecting rod to abut against the connecting rod seat and the positioning boss respectively.
  • the pedal connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod guide sleeve, one end of the connecting rod guide sleeve is mounted against the positioning boss, and the other end is connected to the foot feeling simulation spring. to lean against.
  • the booster valve body is provided with a mounting groove
  • the corresponding end surface of the piston push rod and the pedal connecting rod is provided with a connecting hole
  • the anti-rotation plate is fixedly connected
  • the radial locking nut is located in the connection hole and forms the above-mentioned decoupling gap with the bottom of the connection hole.
  • a buffer block is arranged in the connecting hole.
  • the anti-rotation cylinder body and the connecting rod seat are respectively provided with bearing installation holes for installing double-row angular contact ball bearings.
  • the helical gear is made of reinforced nylon.
  • a needle bearing is arranged on the anti-rotation positioning post.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention can cooperate with the device to realize the power boosting work; compared with the prior art, it does not need to install additional vacuum pumps and supporting parts to provide power boosting
  • the overall structure is compact, which saves the vehicle installation space.
  • the invention uses an angle sensor to cooperate with a pedal feel simulation mechanism to feed back pedal pedal information to the control system of the car, so as to push the brake master cylinder to achieve braking work by controlling the motor transmission control transmission mechanism and the anti-rotation mechanism, and the electric power assist and Pedal force decoupling layout, comfortable foot feel, safety and reliability, and low cost; the motor drives the trapezoidal screw to generate brake booster.
  • This device has the advantages of simple structure, fast response, low noise, low energy consumption, safety and reliability, etc. And meet the needs of autonomous braking in automatic driving.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a decoupling electric power-assisted braking device, which includes a box body 1, a pedal feel simulation mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism 3, an anti-rotation mechanism 4, a brake master cylinder 5, and an angle Sensor 6, motor 7, pedal 8, pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism 2 and anti-rotation mechanism 4 are correspondingly installed on both sides of casing 1, transmission mechanism 3 is located in casing 1, and anti-rotation mechanism 4 is provided with to make it carry out
  • the positioning mechanism for axial movement, the motor 7, the angle sensor 6 are connected with the braking control system;
  • the pedal 8 is respectively connected with the vehicle frame and the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism 2 through a hinged device, and the angle sensor 6 is installed and connected with the vehicle frame through a bracket (the installation and connection of the angle sensor 6 is not shown in the figure), corresponding to One side of pedal 8, angle sensor 6 is Hall angle sensor, is provided with one corresponding with Hall angle sensor on pedal 8, and can be monitored and sensed induction shaft (not shown in the figure);
  • the angle sensor 6 monitors the rotation angle change of the pedal 8 and feeds back to the brake control system and the automobile system to control the motor 7 to work.
  • the motor 7 drives the transmission mechanism 3 to rotate synchronously, and through it, the anti-rotation mechanism 4 is axially pushed, thereby through the anti-rotation
  • the mechanism 4 pushes the brake master cylinder 5 to complete the braking work;
  • the parts in the pedal feel simulation mechanism 2 pass through the transmission mechanism 3 and have a decoupling gap 9 between the anti-rotation mechanism 4, and the parts in the pedal feel simulation mechanism 2 can eliminate the decoupling gap 9, and the anti-rotation mechanism
  • the parts in 4 are axially pushed, so that the parts in the anti-rotation mechanism 4 push the brake master cylinder 5 to complete the failure emergency braking work.
  • the anti-rotation mechanism 4 includes an anti-rotation cylinder 10, a booster valve body 11, a piston push rod 12, an anti-rotation plate 13, and a return spring 14.
  • the anti-rotation cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the box body 1, and There is an axial positioning groove 15, and the positioning mechanism is an anti-rotation positioning column 16 arranged on the booster valve body 11 and positioned in the axial positioning groove 15, and the anti-rotation plate 13 is fixedly connected with the booster valve body 11 and passed through
  • the radial lock nut 17 forms a fixed connection with the components on the transmission mechanism 3, and the piston push rod 12 is arranged in the booster valve body 11, and its two ends correspond to the components of the brake master cylinder 5 and the pedal feel simulation mechanism 2 respectively;
  • the brake master cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation cylinder 10 through the master cylinder connecting plate 18 , and the two ends of the return spring 14 respectively abut against the booster valve body 11 and the brake master cylinder 5 .
  • the transmission mechanism 3 includes a worm 19, a helical gear 20, and a trapezoidal screw 21.
  • the two ends of the helical gear 20 are respectively provided with double-row angular contact ball bearings 22, and the two ends of the helical gear 20 pass through the double-row angular contact ball bearings.
  • the worm 19 is connected with the motor 7 through the coupling 23, and the helical gear 20 is provided with a trapezoidal screw thread, which is threadedly matched with the trapezoidal screw rod 21, and the trapezoidal screw rod 21 is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation plate 13 through the above-mentioned radial lock nut 17, the helical gear 20 drives the trapezoidal screw rod 21 to move, and the booster valve body 11 and the piston push rod 12 in the anti-rotation mechanism 4 are pushed by the anti-rotation plate 13 Make the two move axially, so that the piston push rod 12 pushes the brake master cylinder 5 to complete the braking work; the helical gear 20 is made of reinforced nylon, which has good wear resistance and low noise.
  • the pedal foot feeling simulation mechanism 2 includes a pedal connecting rod 24, a connecting rod seat 25, a foot feeling simulation spring 26, the connecting rod seat 25 is fixedly connected with the box body 1, one end of the pedal connecting rod 24 is connected with the pedal 8, and the other end One end is respectively installed in the connecting rod seat 25 and the through hole of the trapezoidal screw rod 21.
  • the pedal connecting rod 24 corresponds to the piston push rod 12 to form the above-mentioned decoupling gap 9.
  • the pedal connecting rod 24 can be inserted into the through hole of the trapezoidal screw rod 21.
  • the brake master cylinder 5 pushes to complete the braking work;
  • the pedal connecting rod 24 is provided with a positioning boss 27,
  • the connecting rod seat 25 is provided with an end cover 28 for positioning the positioning boss 27, and the foot feeling simulation spring 26 is sleeved on the pedal connecting rod.
  • the rod 24 abuts against the connecting rod seat 25 and the positioning boss 27 respectively.
  • the pedal connecting rod 24 is covered with a connecting rod guide sleeve 29, one end of the connecting rod guiding sleeve 29 is installed against the positioning boss 27, and the other end is abutted against the foot feeling simulation spring 26; the connecting rod guide Cover 29 can improve the stability of the positioning and sliding of pedal connecting rod 24. Simultaneously, connecting rod guide sleeve 29 is also provided with spring relief hole 30 to avoid affecting the transmission work of trapezoidal screw rod 21.
  • the booster valve body 11 is provided with a mounting groove 31, and the corresponding end surface of the piston push rod 12 and the pedal connecting rod 24 is provided with a connecting hole 32; the anti-rotation plate 13 is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation plate mounting groove 31, thereby completing the positioning and installation of the entire transmission mechanism 3, the radial lock nut 17 is located in the connection hole, and forms the above-mentioned decoupling gap 9 with the bottom of the connection hole 32; the booster valve body 11 in the anti-rotation mechanism 4,
  • the corresponding connection and installation relationship between the anti-rotation plate 13, the piston push rod 12, the trapezoidal screw rod 21 in the transmission mechanism 3, and the pedal connecting rod 24 in the pedal feeling simulation mechanism 2 is simple, and the excessive occupation of parts is reduced.
  • the connection space further makes the overall structure of the device compact.
  • connection hole 32 is provided with a buffer block 33, so as to prevent the pedal connecting rod 24 from violently impacting the piston push rod 12 in an emergency braking state.
  • the anti-rotation cylinder 10 and the connecting rod seat 25 are respectively provided with bearing installation holes 34 for installing the double row angular contact ball bearings 22 , so as to complete the positioning, installation and connection of the entire transmission mechanism 3 .
  • the anti-rotation positioning post 16 is provided with a needle bearing 35 .
  • Normal braking mode during normal braking, the driver depresses the pedal 8, the pedal 8 compresses the foot-feeling simulation spring 26, and the foot-feeling simulation spring 26 provides the driver with a foot-feeding feedback force, and the angle sensor 6 monitors the rotation of the pedal 8 Angle, the angle signal is transmitted to the brake control system, and the brake control system analyzes the current driver's braking intention; according to the angle sensor 6 to monitor the rotation angle of the pedal 8, after selecting the appropriate brake mode, the brake control system Control motor 7 to rotate, and motor 7 drives worm screw 19 to rotate through shaft coupling 23, and worm screw 19 drives helical gear 20 to rotate, and the torque of motor 7 is amplified, and angle sensor 6 monitors that the bigger the angle of rotation is, the torque that motor 7 controls output is more Large; the helical gear 20 drives the trapezoidal screw rod 21 to move, and the amplified torque acts on the trapezoidal screw rod 21, because the trapezoidal screw rod 21 is fixedly connected with the booster valve body 11 through the anti-rotation plate 13, and the
  • the brake oil in the brake master cylinder 5 is pressed into the front and rear wheel brake cylinders of the car to generate brake fluid pressure to complete the brake.
  • the motor 7 reverses, driving the booster valve body 11 and other structures to quickly reset, the compressed return spring 14 pushes the booster valve body 11 to speed up the reset speed, and the foot feeling simulation spring 26 pushes the pedal connecting rod 24 to realize
  • the pedal 8 is reset, and the power-assisted braking device realizes the amplification and conversion of the torque of the motor 7 to the thrust of the trapezoidal screw rod 21, thereby achieving the purpose of power-assisted braking.
  • Failure backup braking mode when the motor 7 or the angle sensor 6 fails, the braking device enters the manual failure backup mode, at this time the brake control system sends out an alarm to prompt the driver to enter the manual failure backup mode, and the driver completes the braking by manpower .
  • the driver depresses the pedal 8, the pedal 8 pushes the pedal connecting rod 24 to move backward, the pedal connecting rod 24 compresses the foot feeling simulation spring 26, and the driver continues to step on the pedal, eliminating the gap between the end of the pedal connecting rod 24 and the piston push rod 12.
  • Automatic braking mode The automatic driving monitoring component on the car will feed back the monitoring information to the braking control system, and the braking control system will control the motor to work after receiving the automatic driving monitoring information of the car, and then execute the above normal braking mode action.
  • the rotation angle of the pedal 8 will immediately feed back to the braking control system through the angle sensor 6, and the braking control system will control the motor to perform transmission and braking work, and the servo assist of the braking device is only
  • the motor 7 is provided to make the brake structure and control algorithm simpler, and the driver's foot feel is consistent, so that there is always a decoupling gap 9 between the pedal connecting rod 24 and the piston push rod 12; when the motor 7 fails, the pedal connecting The rod 24 slides quickly in the trapezoidal screw rod 21, quickly eliminates the decoupling gap 9, and completes the emergency braking without driving the deceleration mechanism to rotate, so that the power loss of the pedal 8 is smaller, and the braking force of the emergency braking is larger, and the driving The driver is safer.
  • the pedal 8 force is 500N, the braking deceleration of the failure backup brake reaches 0.35g.
  • the foot-feeling simulation spring 26 provides feedback force for the driver to achieve a linear foot-feeling.
  • the foot-feeling simulation spring 26 has a certain preload when installed, simulating the initial force characteristics of the vacuum booster, and avoiding the driver's accidental touch and the car going downhill. Misjudgment of braking intention caused by other situations, resulting in wrong braking.
  • the feedback force of the pedal 8 felt by the driver is only related to the angle at which the driver depresses the pedal 8 and increases linearly, and the foot feel remains consistent under different braking modes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,包括箱体、踏板脚感模拟机构、传动机构、防转机构、制动主缸、角度传感器、电机、踏板;踏板转动的角度变化通过角度传感器反馈给制动控制系统、控制电机工作,电机带动传动机构同步转动、并通过其对防转机构进行轴向推动,通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成制动;踏板脚感模拟机构穿过传动机构、与防转机构之间具有解耦间隙,踏板脚感模拟机构可消除解耦间隙直接对防转机构进行轴向推动,通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成失效紧急制动。本发明采用电动助力和踏板力解耦的布局方式、脚感舒适、安全可靠;该装置具有结构简单、响应快、噪音小等优点,满足自动驾驶中自主刹车制动。

Description

一种解耦型电动助力制动装置 技术领域
本发明属于制动器技术领域,具体涉及一种解耦型电动助力制动装置。
背景技术
制动系统是汽车行驶控制的重要部分,目前,汽车制动助力装置多采用真空助力器形式;随着新能源汽车与无人驾驶技术的发展,汽车对制动系统的要求越来越高。由于电动汽车的动力系统由驱动电机代替内燃发动机,传统真空助力制动器无法再从内燃机获取真空助力源,为了使传统真空助力制动器能够使用,现有技术中通常不得不通过额外使用由电子控制器控制运转的电子真空泵,通过真空泵在真空储器气罐中产生真空源,再来给真空助力制动器提供真空源。
传动真空助力器由于需要发动机提供真空环境,响应速度慢、能耗高、制动力小,已逐渐被电动助力制动器替代。电动助力制动器通过控制电机的输出转矩来调节助力的大小,现有的电动助力制动器仍然存在连接控制复杂、响应不够快与脚感舒适度差等问题,需要进行改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的为解决上述背景技术中提出的问题,提供一种解耦型电动助力制动装置。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,包括箱体、踏板脚感模拟机构、传动机构、防转机构、制动主缸、角度传感器、电机、踏板,踏板脚感模拟机构与防转机构对应安装于箱体的两侧,传动机构设于箱体内,防转机构上设置有使其进行轴向移动的定位机构,电机、角度传感器与制动控制系统连接;
所述踏板通过铰接装置分别与车架、踏板脚感模拟机构进行连接,所述角度传感器通过支架与车架进行安装连接、并可监测感应到踏板的转动角度变化;踏板转动的角度变化通过角度传感器反馈给制动控制系统、然后控制电机工作,电机带动传动机构同步转动、并通过具对防转机构进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成制动工作;
所述踏板脚感模拟机构中的部件穿过传动机构、与防转机构之间具有解耦间隙,踏板脚感模拟机构可消除解耦间隙、对防转机构进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成失效紧急制动工作。
在配合与汽车用于制动使用时,共有三种配合使用模式:正常制动模式、失效备份制动模式、自动制动模式,在正常制动模式下,踩下踏板,踏板转动的角度变化通过角度传感器反馈给制动控制系统,制动控制系统控制电机进行工作,通过同步带动传动机构而使防转机构进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构对制动主缸推动完成正常制动工作;在失效备份制动模式、即角度传感器或和电机失效时,此时控制器发出警报,踩下踏板、消除解耦间隙,继续踩下踏板,即可推动防转机构而对制动主缸推动完成失效紧急制动工作;自动制动 模式是制动控制系统在接收汽车自动驾驶监测信息后、对电机进行控制制动工作。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述防转机构包括防转筒体、助力阀体、活塞推杆、防转板、回位弹簧,防转筒体与箱体固定连接、并设有轴向定位槽,所述定位机构为设置在助力阀体上、并定位与轴向定位槽中的防转定位柱,防转板与助力阀体同定连接、并通过径向锁紧螺母与传动机构上的部件形成固定连接,活塞推杆设于助力阀体中、两端分别与制动主缸以及踏板脚感模拟机构的部件对应;所述制动主缸通过主缸连接板与防转筒体进行固定连接,回位弹簧的两端分别与助力阀体、制动主缸进行抵靠。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述传动机构包括蜗杆、斜齿轮、梯形丝杆,斜齿轮的两端分别设置有双列角接触球轴承,斜齿轮两端通过双列角接触球轴承分别与踏板脚感模拟机构、防转机构形成定位连接,蜗杆通过联轴器与电机传动连接,斜齿轮设有梯形螺纹、与梯形丝杆螺纹配合,梯形丝杆通过上述的径向锁紧螺母与防转板固定连接,斜齿轮带动梯形丝杆运动、通过防转板对防转机构中助力阀体推动使其做轴向运动,从而活塞推杆对制动主缸推动进行制动工作。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述踏板脚感模拟机构包括踏板连杆、连接杆座、脚感模拟弹簧,连接杆座与箱体固定连接,踏板连杆一端与踏板连接、另一端分别穿设于连接杆座和梯形丝杆通孔中,踏板连杆与活塞推杆对应、形成上述的解耦间隙,踏板连杆可在梯形丝杆通孔中滑动、并可消除解耦间隙与活塞推杆抵靠,从而使防转机构中助力阀体和活塞推杆进行轴向定位移动、使活塞推杆对制动主缸进行推动;踏板连杆上设有定位凸台,连接杆座设有对定位凸台定位的端盖,脚感模拟弹簧套设于踏板连杆上、分别与连接杆座和定位凸台形成抵靠。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述踏板连杆上套设有连杆导向套,连杆导向套一端抵靠安装在定位凸台上、另一端与脚感模拟弹簧进行抵靠。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述助力阀体上设有安装槽,所述活塞推杆与踏板连杆对应的端面设有连接孔,所述防转板固定连接于防转板安装槽中,所述径向锁紧螺母处于连接孔、并与连接孔底部形成上述的解耦间隙。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述连接孔中设置有缓冲块。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述防转筒体、连接杆座上分别设有安装双列角接触球轴承的轴承安装孔。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述斜齿轮是由强化尼龙制作。
在上述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置中,所述防转定位柱上设置有滚针轴承。
采用以上所述技术方案,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明无论是传统汽车,还是没有真空助力源的新能源电动汽车,都可以配合该装置实现助力制动的工作;与现有技术相比,不需要安装额外的真空泵和配套零部件来提供助力源,整体结构紧凑、节省了车辆安装空间。
本发明采用角度传感器配合踏板脚感模拟机构将踏板的踩动信息反馈给汽车的控制系统,从而通过控制电机传动控制传动机构、防转机构而推动制动主缸达到制动工作,电动助力和踏板力解耦的布局方式、脚感舒适、安全可靠、成本低;采用电机驱动梯形丝杆产生制动助力,该装置具有结构简单、响应快、噪音小、能耗低、安全可靠等优点,而且满足自动驾驶中自主刹车制动的需求。
附图说明
图1是本发明的立体图;
图2是本发明的剖面图。
具体实施方式
结合附图对本发明再作进一步的阐述。
请参阅图1、图2,本发明提供一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,包括箱体1、踏板脚感模拟机构2、传动机构3、防转机构4、制动主缸5、角度传感器6、电机7、踏板8,踏板脚感模拟机构2与防转机构4对应安装于箱体1的两侧,传动机构3设于箱体1内,防转机构4上设置有使其进行轴向移动的定位机构,电机7、角度传感器6与制动控制系统连接;
所述踏板8通过铰接装置分别与车架、踏板脚感模拟机构2进行连接,所述角度传感器6通过支架与车架进行安装连接(图中未示意出角度传感器6的安装连接)、对应处于踏板8的一侧面、角度传感器6为霍尔角度传感器,在踏板8上设有一根与霍尔角度传感对应、并可被监测感应到感应轴(图中未画出);从而通过霍尔角度传感器6监测踏板8的转动角度变化反馈给制动控制系统、汽车系统控制电机7工作,电机7带动传动机构3同步转动、并通过其对防转机构4进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构4对制动主缸5推动完成制动工作;
所述踏板脚感模拟机构2中的部件穿过传动机构3、与防转机构4之间具有解耦间隙9,踏板脚感模拟机构2中的部件可消除解耦间隙9、对防转机构4中的部件进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构4中的部件对制动主缸5推动完成失效紧急制动工作。
具体的,所述防转机构4包括防转筒体10、助力阀体11、活塞推杆12、防转板13、回位弹簧14,防转筒体10与箱体1固定连接、并设有轴向定位槽15,所述定位机构为设置在助力阀体11上、并定位于轴向定位槽15中的防转定位柱16,防转板13与助力阀体11固定连接、并通过径向锁紧螺母17与传动机构3上的部件形成固定连接,活塞推杆12设于助力阀体11中、两端分别与制动主缸5以及踏板脚感模拟机构2的部件对应;所述制动主缸5通过主缸连接板18与防转筒体10进行固定连接,回位弹簧14的两端分别与助力阀体11、制动主缸5进行抵靠。
具体的,所述传动机构3包括蜗杆19、斜齿轮20、梯形丝杆21,斜齿轮20的两端分别设置有双列角接触球轴承22,斜齿轮20两端通过双列角接触球轴承22分别与踏板脚感模拟机构2、防转机构4形成定位连接,蜗杆19通过联轴器23与电机7传动连接,斜齿轮20设有梯形螺纹、与梯形丝杆21螺纹配合,梯形丝杆21通过上述的径向锁紧螺母17与防转板13固定连接,斜齿轮20带动梯形丝杆21运动、通过防转板13对防转机构4中的助力阀体11、活塞推杆12推动使两者做轴向运动,从而使活塞推杆12对制动主缸5推动完成制动工作;斜齿轮20是由强化尼龙制作,其耐磨性好、噪音小。
具体的,所述踏板脚感模拟机构2包括踏板连杆24、连接杆座25、脚感模拟弹簧26,连接杆座25与箱体1固定连接,踏板连杆24一端与踏板8连接、另一端分别穿设于连接杆座25和梯形丝杆21通孔中,踏板连杆24与活塞推杆12对应、形成上述的解耦间隙9,踏板连杆24可在梯形丝杆21通孔中滑动、并可消除解耦间隙9与活塞推杆12抵靠,从而使防转机构4中的助力阀体11、活塞推杆12推动使两者做轴向运动,从而使活塞推杆12对制动主缸5推动完成制动工作;踏板连杆24上设有定位凸台27,连接杆座25设有对定位凸台27定位的端盖 28,脚感模拟弹簧26套设于踏板连杆24上、分别与连接杆座25和定位凸台27形成抵靠。
进一步的,所述踏板连杆24上套设有连杆导向套29,连杆导向套29一端抵靠安装在定位凸台27上、另一端与脚感模拟弹簧26进行抵靠;连杆导向套29可以提高踏板连杆24定位滑动的稳定性,同时在连杆导向套29也设有弹簧让位孔30的、避免对梯形丝杆21的传动工作造成影响。
进一步的,所述助力阀体11上设有安装槽31,所述活塞推杆12与踏板连杆24对应的端面设有连接孔32;所述防转板13固定连接于防转板安装槽31中、从而完成整个传动机构3的定位安装,所述径向锁紧螺母17处于连接孔、并与连接孔32底部形成上述的解耦间隙9;防转机构4中的助力阀体11、防转板13、活塞推杆12与传动机构3中的梯形丝杆21、以及踏板脚感模拟机构2中的踏板连杆24之间的对应连接安装关系简单、减少部件之间占用过多的连接空间,进一步使得装置整体结构紧凑。
进一步的,所述连接孔32中设置有缓冲块33,这样在紧急制动状态下时、避免踏板连杆24对活塞推杆12造成猛烈撞击。
进一步的,所述防转筒体10、连接杆座25上分别设有安装双列角接触球轴承22的轴承安装孔34,从而完成整个传动机构3的定位安装连接。
进一步的,为了提高整个传动机构3轴向移动定位的稳定顺畅,所述防转定位柱16上设置有滚针轴承35。
以下对本发明的工作原理作进一步说明:
正常制动模式:在正常制动时,驾驶员踩下踏板8,踏板8压缩脚感模拟弹簧26,脚感模拟弹簧26为驾驶员提供脚感反馈力,角度传感器6监测到踏板8的转动角度,将角度信号传送至制动控制系统、由制动控制系统分析当前驾驶员的制动意图;根据角度传感器6监测到踏板8转动的角度、选择合适的制动模式后,制动控制系统控制电机7转动,电机7通过联轴器23带动蜗杆19转动,蜗杆19带动斜齿轮20转动,将电机7的扭矩放大,角度传感器6监测到转动的角度越大、电机7控制输出的扭矩越大;斜齿轮20带动梯形丝杆21运动,将放大的转矩作用于梯形丝杆21上,由于梯形丝杆21通过防转板13与助力阀体11固定连接、而助力阀体11又通过防转定位柱16与轴向定位槽15形成防转定位,因此,梯形丝杆21的转动只能进行直线运动,梯形丝杆21带动助力阀体11向后运动,助力阀体11上的防转定位柱16在防转筒体10的轴向定位槽15移动;助力阀体11推着活塞推杆12向后运动,活塞推杆12顶着制动主缸5中的活塞,共同向后运动,制动主缸5内的制动油被压入到汽车前、后轮制动轮缸内,产生制动液压力,完成制动。当制动完成后,电机7反转,带动助力阀体11等结构快速复位,被压缩的回位弹簧14推动助力阀体11、加快复位速度,脚感模拟弹簧26推动踏板连杆24、实现踏板8复位,助力制动装置实现电机7转矩到梯形丝杆21推力的放大与转换,达到助力制动目的。
失效备份制动模式:当电机7或角度传感器6失效时,制动装置进入人力失效备份模式,此时制动控制系统发出警报、提示驾驶员进入人力失效备份模式,驾驶员通过人力完成制动。驾驶员通过踩下踏板8,踏板8推动踏板连杆24向后运动,踏板连杆24将脚感模拟弹簧26压缩,驾驶员继续踩踏板,消除踏板连杆24末端与活塞推杆12之间的解耦间隙9;继续踩下踏板8、踏板连杆24接触到活塞推杆12内的缓冲块33,推动缓冲块33与活塞推杆12共同向后运动,活塞推杆12顶着制动主缸5活塞向后运动,完成紧急制动。
自动制动模式:汽车上自动驾驶监测部件会将监测信息反馈给制动控制系统,制动控制系统在接收汽车自动驾驶监测信息后会控制电机进行工作,然后进行上述正常制动模式中的执行动作。
需要说明的是:在正常制动过程中,踏板8转动的角度会立即通过角度传感器6反馈制动控制系统、制动控制系统会控制电机进行传动制动工作,制动装置的伺服助力仅有电机7提供,使制动器结构与控制算法更简单、驾驶员的脚感具有一致性,从而使踏板连杆24与活塞推杆12之间始终存在解耦间隙9;在电机7失效时,踏板连杆24在梯形丝杆21内快速滑动、迅速消除解耦间隙9,完成紧急制动,而不需要带动减速机构转动,使得踏板8力的损耗更小,紧急制动的制动力更大,驾驶员更加安全,当踏板8力为500N时,失效备份制动的制动减速度达到0.35g。
另外的,脚感模拟弹簧26为驾驶员提供反馈力、实现线性脚感,脚感模拟弹簧26安装时有一定预压力,模拟真空助力器的始动力特性,避免驾驶员误触与汽车下坡等情况带来的制动意图误判,产生错误制动的情况。同时,驾驶员感受到的踏板8反馈力仅与驾驶员踩下踏板8的角度有关、且成线性增长,在不同制动模式下脚感均保持一致性。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明所揭示的技术方案;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:包括箱体、踏板脚感模拟机构、传动机构、防转机构、制动主缸、角度传感器、电机、踏板,踏板脚感模拟机构与防转机构对应安装于箱体的两侧,传动机构设于箱体内,防转机构上设置有使其进行轴向移动的定位机构,电机、角度传感器与制动控制系统连接;
    所述踏板通过铰接装置分别与车架、踏板脚感模拟机构进行连接,所述角度传感器通过支架与车架进行安装连接、并可监测感应到踏板的转动角度变化;踏板转动的角度变化通过角度传感器反馈给制动控制系统、然后控制电机工作,电机带动传动机构同步转动、并通过其对防转机构进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成制动工作;
    所述踏板脚感模拟机构中的部件穿过传动机构、与防转机构之间具有解耦间隙,踏板脚感模拟机构可消除解耦间隙直接对防转机构进行轴向推动,从而通过防转机构中的部件对制动主缸推动完成失效紧急制动工作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述防转机构包括防转筒体、助力阀体、活塞推杆、防转板、回位弹簧,防转筒体与箱体固定连接、并设有轴向定位槽,所述定位机构为设置在助力阀体上、并定位与轴向定位槽中的防转定位柱,防转板与助力阀体固定连接、并通过径向锁紧螺母与传动机构上的部件形成固定连接,活塞推杆设于助力阀体中、两端分别与制动主缸以及踏板脚感模拟机构的部件对应;所述制动主缸通过主缸连接板与防转筒体进行固定连接,回位弹簧的两端分别与助力阀体、制动主缸进行抵靠。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述传动机构包括蜗杆、斜齿轮、梯形丝杆,斜齿轮的两端分别设置有双列角接触球轴承,斜齿轮两端通过双列角接触球轴承分别与踏板脚感模拟机构、防转机构形成定位连接,蜗杆通过联轴器与电机传动连接,斜齿轮设有梯形螺纹、与梯形丝杆螺纹配合,梯形丝杆通过上述的径向锁紧螺母与防转板固定连接,斜齿轮带动梯形丝杆运动、通过防转板对防转机构推动使其做轴向运动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述踏板脚感模拟机构包括踏板连杆、连接杆座、脚感模拟弹簧,连接杆座与箱体固定连接,踏板连杆一端与踏板连接、另一端分别穿设于连接杆座和梯形丝杆通孔中,踏板连杆与活塞推杆对应、形成上述的解耦间隙,踏板连杆可在梯形丝杆通孔中滑动、并可消除解耦间隙与活塞推杆抵靠,从而直接通过活塞推杆轴向定位移动对制动主缸进行推动;踏板连杆上设有定位凸台,连接杆座设有对定位凸台定位的端盖,脚感模拟弹簧套设于踏板连杆上、分别与连接杆座和定位凸台形成抵靠。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述踏板连杆上套设有连杆导向套,连杆导向套一端抵靠安装在定位凸台上、另一端与脚感模拟弹簧进行抵靠。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述助力阀体上设有安装槽,所述活塞推杆与踏板连杆对应的端面设有连接孔,所述防转板固定连接于防转板安装槽中,所述径向锁紧螺母处于连接孔、并与连接孔底部形成上述的解耦间隙。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述连接孔中设 置有缓冲块。
  8. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述防转筒体、连接杆座上分别设有安装双列角接触球轴承的轴承安装孔。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述斜齿轮是由强化尼龙制作。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的一种解耦型电动助力制动装置,其特征在于:所述防转定位柱上设置有滚针轴承。
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