WO2022230668A1 - 基板液処理方法及び記録媒体 - Google Patents
基板液処理方法及び記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022230668A1 WO2022230668A1 PCT/JP2022/017685 JP2022017685W WO2022230668A1 WO 2022230668 A1 WO2022230668 A1 WO 2022230668A1 JP 2022017685 W JP2022017685 W JP 2022017685W WO 2022230668 A1 WO2022230668 A1 WO 2022230668A1
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- substrate
- plating
- liquid
- seed layer
- pretreatment
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a substrate liquid processing method and a recording medium.
- Electroless plating technology is sometimes used to form fine wiring on semiconductor substrates (wafers).
- a connection hole is formed in an insulating film, a diffusion prevention layer is deposited on the inner surface of the connection hole, a Cu seed layer is deposited on the diffusion prevention layer, and electroless plating is performed.
- a Cu plated layer is embedded in the contact hole by .
- the plating metal when the plating metal is deposited on the seed layer, it is necessary to make the seed layer thinner as the wiring becomes finer. As the seed layer becomes thinner, corrosion of the seed layer by the electroless plating solution tends to have a greater influence on the electroless plating process. In particular, immediately after the start of electroless plating treatment, no or almost no plating metal is deposited, while the seed layer is corroded by the electroless plating solution. be.
- the present disclosure provides an advantageous technique for appropriately embedding the plated metal in the recesses of the substrate by electroless plating.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is a substrate having recesses, a step of preparing a substrate having a seed layer formed on the surfaces of the recesses, a reducing agent, a pH adjuster, and promoting or suppressing an electroless plating reaction. contacting the seed layer with the first pretreatment liquid containing the additive; and supplying the first electroless plating liquid to the recess after contacting the seed layer with the first pretreatment liquid to deposit the plating metal in the recess. and a step of precipitating.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plating processing apparatus as an example of a substrate liquid processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the plating section.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (especially a concave portion) for explaining an example of a plating method.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (especially recesses) for explaining an example of a plating method.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (particularly a concave portion) for explaining an example of a plating method.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plating processing apparatus as an example of a substrate liquid processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the plating section.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (particularly a concave portion) for explaining an example of a plating method.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the time (horizontal axis) in the electroless plating process and the thickness (vertical axis) of the metal film (including the seed layer and the plating metal) on the surface of the concave portion of the substrate.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (especially a concave portion) for explaining the plating method according to the first modified example.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (particularly a recess) for explaining the plating method according to the first modification.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (especially a concave portion) for explaining the plating method according to the first modified example.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (particularly a concave portion) for explaining the plating method according to the first modified example.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of a substrate (especially a concave portion) for explaining the plating method according to the first modified example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a plating processing apparatus as an example of a substrate liquid processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the plating apparatus 1 is an apparatus that supplies a plating solution (treatment liquid) to the substrate W to perform plating treatment (liquid treatment) on the substrate W.
- a plating processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a plating processing unit 2 and a control section 3 that controls the plating processing unit 2 .
- the plating processing unit 2 performs various types of processing on the substrate W. Various processes performed by the plating unit 2 will be described later.
- the control unit 3 is, for example, a computer, and has an arithmetic execution unit and a storage unit.
- the arithmetic execution unit includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and controls the operation of the plating unit 2 by reading and executing a program stored in the storage unit.
- the storage unit is composed of a storage device such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), or hard disk.
- the storage unit stores programs for controlling various processes executed in the plating unit 2 .
- the program may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium 31, or may be installed from the recording medium 31 into the storage unit.
- Examples of the computer-readable recording medium 31 include a hard disk (HD), flexible disk (FD), compact disk (CD), magnet optical disk (MO), memory card, and the like.
- the various programs recorded in the recording medium 31 include, for example, a program for causing the computer to control the plating apparatus 1 and cause the plating apparatus 1 to execute the plating method (substrate liquid treatment method).
- the plating unit 2 has a loading/unloading station 21 and a processing station 22 provided adjacent to the loading/unloading station 21 .
- the loading/unloading station 21 includes a loading section 211 and a transport section 212 provided adjacent to the loading section 211 .
- a plurality of transport containers (hereinafter referred to as “carriers C”) that accommodate a plurality of substrates W in a horizontal state are placed on the platform 211 .
- Transport section 212 includes transport mechanism 213 and delivery section 214 .
- the transport mechanism 213 includes a holding mechanism that holds the substrate W, and is configured to be capable of horizontal and vertical movement and rotation about the vertical axis.
- the processing station 22 includes the plating processing section 5 .
- the processing station 22 has two or more plating units 5, but the number may be one.
- the plating units 5 are arranged on both sides of the transport path 221 extending in a predetermined direction (both sides in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the transport mechanism 222).
- a transport mechanism 222 is provided in the transport path 221 .
- the transport mechanism 222 includes a holding mechanism that holds the substrate W, and is configured to be capable of horizontal and vertical movement and rotation about the vertical axis.
- the transport mechanism 213 of the loading/unloading station 21 transports the substrate W between the carrier C and the transfer section 214 . Specifically, the transport mechanism 213 takes out the substrate W from the carrier C placed on the placing portion 211 and places the taken out substrate W on the transfer portion 214 . Further, the transport mechanism 213 takes out the substrate W placed on the transfer section 214 by the transport mechanism 222 of the processing station 22 and stores it in the carrier C of the placement section 211 .
- the transport mechanism 222 of the processing station 22 transports the substrate W between the delivery section 214 and the plating processing section 5 and between the plating processing section 5 and the delivery section 214 . Specifically, the transport mechanism 222 takes out the substrate W placed on the transfer section 214 and carries the taken out substrate W into the plating processing section 5 . Further, the transport mechanism 222 takes out the substrate W from the plating processing section 5 and places the taken out substrate W on the delivery section 214 .
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the plating processing section 5. As shown in FIG.
- the plating processing section 5 is configured to perform liquid processing including electroless plating processing.
- the plating processing unit 5 includes a chamber 51, a substrate holding unit 52 arranged in the chamber 51 for horizontally holding the substrate W, and a plating solution L1 on the upper surface (processing surface) of the substrate W held by the substrate holding unit 52. and a plating solution supply unit 53 (treatment solution supply unit) for supplying (treatment solution).
- the substrate holding part 52 has a chuck member 521 that vacuum-sucks the lower surface (rear surface) of the substrate W.
- the chuck member 521 is a so-called vacuum chuck type in the example shown in FIG. 2, but is not limited to the vacuum chuck type.
- the substrate holder 52 may be of a so-called mechanical chuck type, and may grip the outer edge of the substrate W by a chuck mechanism or the like.
- a rotation motor 523 (rotation drive section) is connected to the substrate holding section 52 via a rotation shaft 522 .
- the substrate holder 52 rotates together with the substrate W when the rotary motor 523 is driven.
- a rotary motor 523 is supported by a base 524 fixed to the chamber 51 .
- a cooling plate 525 is provided on the rotating motor 523 .
- the upper surface of the cooling plate 525 is provided with cooling grooves 525a through which cooling liquid (for example, cooling water) flows.
- the cooling groove 525a is formed so as to surround the rotating shaft 522 when viewed from above. Coolant from the coolant supply is configured to flow into cooling groove 525a, through cooling groove 525a, and out of cooling groove 525a. The coolant exchanges heat with the rotating motor 523 to cool the rotating motor 523 while flowing through the cooling grooves 525 a , thereby suppressing temperature rise of the rotating motor 523 .
- the plating solution supply unit 53 includes a plating solution nozzle 531 (processing solution nozzle) for supplying the plating solution L1 (first electroless plating solution) to the substrate W held by the substrate holding unit 52, and a plating solution and a plating solution supply source 532 that supplies L1.
- the plating solution supply source 532 is configured to supply the plating solution L ⁇ b>1 adjusted to a predetermined temperature to the plating solution nozzle 531 .
- the temperature at which the plating solution L1 is discharged from the plating solution nozzle 531 is, for example, 55° C. or higher and 75° C. or lower, and more preferably 60° C. or higher and 70° C. or lower.
- the plating solution nozzle 531 is held by the nozzle arm 57 and configured to be movable.
- the plating solution L1 is a plating solution for autocatalytic (reduction) electroless plating.
- the plating solution L1 contains, for example, metal ions such as cobalt (Co) ions, nickel (Ni) ions, tungsten (W) ions, copper (Cu) ions, palladium (Pd) ions, and gold (Au) ions; It contains a reducing agent such as phosphoric acid and dimethylamine borane.
- the plating solution L1 may contain additives and the like.
- Examples of the plating film (plating metal) that can be formed from the plating solution L1 include metals such as Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, and Au, and alloys such as CoWB, CoB, CoWP, CoWBP, NiWB, NiB, NiWP, and NiWBP. is mentioned.
- the plating processing unit 5 includes a cleaning liquid supply unit 54 that supplies a cleaning liquid L2 onto the upper surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holding unit 52, a rinse liquid supply unit 55 that supplies a rinse liquid L3 onto the upper surface of the substrate W, A pretreatment liquid supply unit 56 for supplying the pretreatment liquid L4 onto the upper surface of the substrate W is further provided.
- the cleaning liquid supply unit 54 has a cleaning liquid nozzle 541 that discharges the cleaning liquid L2 onto the substrate W held by the substrate holding section 52, and a cleaning liquid supply source 542 that supplies the cleaning liquid L2 to the cleaning liquid nozzle 541.
- the cleaning liquid L2 include organic acids such as formic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and malonic acid; Aqueous solution of hydrogen) and the like can be used.
- the cleaning liquid nozzle 541 is held by the nozzle arm 57 and is movable together with the plating liquid nozzle 531 .
- the rinse liquid supply section 55 has a rinse liquid nozzle 551 that discharges the rinse liquid L3 onto the substrate W held by the substrate holding section 52 and a rinse liquid supply source 552 that supplies the rinse liquid L3 to the rinse liquid nozzle 551 .
- the rinse liquid nozzle 551 is held by the nozzle arm 57 and is movable together with the plating liquid nozzle 531 and the cleaning liquid nozzle 541 . Pure water, for example, can be used as the rinse liquid L3.
- the pretreatment liquid supply unit 56 includes a pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 for ejecting a pretreatment liquid L4 (first pretreatment liquid) onto the substrate W held by the substrate holder 52, and a pretreatment liquid L4 supplied to the pretreatment liquid nozzle 561. and a pretreatment liquid supply source 562 that supplies the The pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 is held by the nozzle arm 57 and is movable together with the plating liquid nozzle 531 , the cleaning liquid nozzle 541 and the rinse liquid nozzle 551 .
- the pretreatment liquid supply source 562 is configured to supply the pretreatment liquid L4 whose temperature is adjusted to the pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 .
- the pretreatment liquid L4 of the present embodiment contains a reducing agent, a pH adjuster, and an additive that promotes or suppresses the electroless plating reaction (i.e., an accelerator or inhibitor).
- the reducing agent contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 reduces the surface oxide film of the substrate W and modifies the surface of the substrate W so as to increase the activity of the plating reaction of the substrate W.
- the electroless plating reaction is actively performed immediately after the plating solution L1 is applied to the substrate W.
- the time (incubation time) from the application of the plating solution L1 to the actual precipitation of the plating metal can be shortened, and can be made infinitely close to zero (0). Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent "the thinning of the seed layer 11 due to the corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the electroless plating solution" that may occur immediately after the plating solution L1 is applied to the substrate W.
- the reducing agent contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 is the same as the reducing agent contained in the plating solution L1, but may be different from the reducing agent contained in the plating solution L1. Also, the concentration of the reducing agent in the pretreatment liquid L4 is higher than the concentration of the reducing agent in the plating liquid L1. Thereby, the surface of the substrate W can be effectively modified in the pretreatment.
- the plating solution L1 contains a high-concentration reducing agent, the plating reaction may become unstable. can contain.
- the additive contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 adheres to the exposed surface of the seed layer 11 .
- the progress of the electroless plating reaction when the plating solution L1 is subsequently applied onto the substrate W can be controlled according to the adhesion state of the additive to the seed layer 11 (for example, the adhesion amount and adhesion density).
- the specific composition of the additive contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 is not limited, and the pretreatment liquid L4 contains an additive selected according to the plating metal to be deposited.
- an additive selected according to the plating metal to be deposited typically an organic sulfur compound, an organic nitrogen compound, or a polymer compound can be used as an additive contained in the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the pH adjuster contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 can enhance the modification effect of the seed layer 11 by the reducing agent, and also controls the adhesion state of the additive to the seed layer 11. That is, by adjusting the pretreatment liquid L4 to a high pH (that is, alkaline) with the pH adjuster, the effect of reducing the seed layer 11 with the reducing agent can be enhanced, and the latent time of the electroless plating reaction can be further shortened. .
- the zeta potential of the additive is adjusted by the pH adjuster, and the adhesion of the additive to the seed layer 11 is controlled. That is, the state of adhesion of the additive to the seed layer 11 changes according to the pH of the pretreatment liquid L4. Therefore, by adjusting and stabilizing the pH of the pretreatment liquid L4 to a desired pH with the pH adjuster contained in the pretreatment liquid L4, the state of adhesion of the additive to the seed layer 11 can be controlled.
- the specific composition of the pH adjuster contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 is not limited.
- the optimum pH of the pretreatment liquid L4 for obtaining the desired state of adhesion of the additive to the seed layer 11 varies depending on the type of additive. Therefore, the pH adjuster adjusts the pretreatment liquid L4 to be alkaline, neutral or acidic depending on the additive actually used.
- a strongly alkaline quaternary ammonium compound or the like can be used as a pH adjusting agent.
- an aqueous inorganic acid solution can be used as a pH adjusting agent.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 when the pretreatment liquid L4 is acidic, the seed layer 11 may be corroded by the pretreatment liquid L4. Therefore, it is possible to effectively avoid or reduce the corrosion of the seed layer 11 by using the alkaline pretreatment liquid L4. Further, since the alkaline pretreatment liquid L4 reduces the surface oxide film of the seed layer 11, the surface of the seed layer 11 is more effectively modified in combination with the reducing action of the reducing agent contained in the pretreatment liquid L4. be able to. In this way, from the viewpoint of suppressing the corrosion of the seed layer 11 and promoting the reformation thereof, it is preferable that the pretreatment liquid L4 has alkalinity (for example, pH of "11" or higher).
- a nozzle moving mechanism (not shown) is connected to the nozzle arm 57 that holds the plating solution nozzle 531, the cleaning solution nozzle 541, the rinse solution nozzle 551, and the pretreatment solution nozzle 561 described above.
- the nozzle moving mechanism moves the nozzle arm 57 horizontally and vertically. More specifically, the nozzle arm 57 is moved by the nozzle moving mechanism to a discharge position for discharging the processing liquid (the plating liquid L1, the cleaning liquid L2, the rinse liquid L3, or the pretreatment liquid L4) onto the substrate W, and the discharge position to retreat from the discharge position. It is movable to and from the retracted position.
- the ejection position is not particularly limited as long as the processing liquid can be supplied to any position on the upper surface of the substrate W, and is set to a position where the processing liquid can be supplied to the center of the substrate W, for example.
- the ejection position of the nozzle arm 57 may be different between when the plating liquid L1 is supplied to the substrate W, when the cleaning liquid L2 is supplied, when the rinse liquid L3 is supplied, and when the pretreatment liquid L4 is supplied. .
- the retracted position is a position within the chamber 51 that does not overlap the substrate W when viewed from above, and is a position away from the ejection position. When the nozzle arm 57 is positioned at the retracted position, the moving lid 6 is prevented from interfering with the nozzle arm 57 .
- a cup 571 is provided around the substrate holding portion 52 .
- the cup 571 has a ring shape when viewed from above, receives the processing liquid scattered from the substrate W when the substrate W rotates, and guides it to the drain duct 581 .
- An atmosphere blocking cover 572 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cup 571 to prevent the atmosphere around the substrate W from diffusing into the chamber 51 .
- the atmosphere blocking cover 572 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, and has an open top end. The cover 6 can be inserted into the atmosphere blocking cover 572 from above.
- a drain duct 581 is provided below the cup 571 .
- the drain duct 581 has a ring shape when viewed from above, receives the processing liquid that has been received by the cup 571 and descended, or the processing liquid that has directly descended from the periphery of the substrate W, and drains it.
- An inner cover 582 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the drain duct 581 .
- the inner cover 582 is arranged above the cooling plate 525 and prevents the processing liquid and the atmosphere around the substrate W from diffusing.
- a guide member 583 for guiding the treatment liquid to the drain duct 581 is provided above the exhaust pipe 81 .
- the guide member 583 prevents the processing liquid descending above the exhaust pipe 81 from entering the exhaust pipe 81 and is configured to be received by the drain duct 581 .
- the substrate W held by the substrate holding portion 52 is covered with the lid 6 .
- the lid body 6 has a ceiling portion 61 and side wall portions 62 extending downward from the ceiling portion 61 .
- the ceiling portion 61 is arranged above the substrate W held by the substrate holding portion 52 and is relatively small relative to the substrate W when the lid 6 is positioned at the first spacing position and the second spacing position. Oppose at intervals.
- the ceiling part 61 includes a first ceiling board 611 and a second ceiling board 612 provided on the first ceiling board 611 .
- a heater 63 (heating unit) is interposed between the first ceiling plate 611 and the second ceiling plate 612 .
- the first ceiling plate 611 and the second ceiling plate 612 are configured to seal the heater 63 and prevent the heater 63 from contacting the processing liquid such as the plating liquid L1. More specifically, a seal ring 613 is provided between the first ceiling plate 611 and the second ceiling plate 612 and on the outer peripheral side of the heater 63 , and the heater 63 is sealed by the seal ring 613 .
- the first ceiling plate 611 and the second ceiling plate 612 preferably have corrosion resistance to a processing liquid such as the plating liquid L1, and may be made of an aluminum alloy, for example.
- a processing liquid such as the plating liquid L1
- the first ceiling panel 611, the second ceiling panel 612, and the side walls 62 may be coated with Teflon (registered trademark).
- a lid moving mechanism 7 is connected to the lid 6 via a lid arm 71 .
- the lid moving mechanism 7 moves the lid 6 horizontally and vertically. More specifically, the lid moving mechanism 7 has a turning motor 72 that horizontally moves the lid 6 and a cylinder 73 (gap adjustment unit) that vertically moves the lid 6 .
- the swing motor 72 is mounted on a support plate 74 that is vertically movable with respect to the cylinder 73 .
- an actuator (not shown) including a motor and a ball screw may be used.
- the turning motor 72 of the lid moving mechanism 7 moves the lid 6 between an upper position arranged above the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52 and a retracted position retracted from the upper position.
- the upper position is a position facing the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52 with a relatively large gap, and is a position overlapping the substrate W when viewed from above.
- the retracted position is a position within the chamber 51 that does not overlap the substrate W when viewed from above.
- the moving nozzle arm 57 is prevented from interfering with the lid body 6 .
- the rotational axis of the turning motor 72 extends vertically, and the lid body 6 can turn horizontally between the upper position and the retracted position.
- the cylinder 73 of the lid moving mechanism 7 vertically moves the lid 6 to adjust the distance between the upper surface of the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 of the ceiling portion 61 . More specifically, the cylinder 73 can position the lid body 6 at the first spacing position, the second spacing position, and the above-described upper position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2).
- the spacing between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 becomes the smallest first spacing, and the first ceiling plate 611 is closest to the substrate W.
- the first gap is set to such a distance that the first ceiling plate 611 does not come into contact with the liquid on the substrate W, it is possible to effectively prevent contamination of the liquid and generation of bubbles in the liquid.
- the lid body 6 By arranging the lid body 6 at the second spacing position, the spacing between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 becomes the second spacing larger than the first spacing. Thereby, the lid body 6 is positioned above the first spacing position.
- the lid 6 By placing the lid 6 at the upper position, the distance between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 becomes larger than the second distance, and the lid 6 is positioned above the second distance. As a result, the lid 6 can be prevented from interfering with surrounding structures such as the cup 571 and the atmosphere shielding cover 572 when the lid 6 is pivoted in the horizontal direction.
- the heater 63 is driven to heat the liquid on the substrate W when the lid body 6 is positioned at the above-described first and second spacing positions.
- the cylinder 73 can adjust the distance between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 between the first distance and the second distance.
- the side wall portion 62 of the lid 6 extends downward from the peripheral edge portion of the first ceiling plate 611 of the ceiling portion 61, and when heating the liquid on the substrate W (the lid 6 is positioned at the first interval position and the second interval position). 6 is positioned), it is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the substrate W.
- FIG. The lower end of the side wall portion 62 is positioned lower than the substrate W when the lid body 6 is positioned at the first spacing position.
- the vertical distance between the lower end of the side wall portion 62 and the lower surface of the substrate W can be set to 10 to 30 mm, for example.
- the lower end of the side wall portion 62 is positioned lower than the substrate W even when the lid body 6 is positioned at the second spacing position.
- the vertical distance between the lower end of the side wall portion 62 and the lower surface of the substrate W can be set to 4 to 5 mm, for example.
- the heater 63 heats the processing liquid (for example, the plating liquid L1) on the substrate W when the lid body 6 is positioned at the first spacing position and the second spacing position.
- An inert gas (for example, nitrogen (N 2 ) gas) is supplied to the inside of the lid 6 by an inert gas supply unit 66 .
- the inert gas supply unit 66 has a gas nozzle 661 that discharges inert gas into the lid 6 and an inert gas supply source 662 that supplies the inert gas to the gas nozzle 661 .
- the gas nozzle 661 is provided on the ceiling portion 61 of the lid 6 and discharges an inert gas toward the substrate W while the lid 6 covers the substrate W. As shown in FIG.
- a ceiling portion 61 and side wall portions 62 of the lid body 6 are covered with a lid body cover 64 .
- the lid body cover 64 is placed on the second ceiling plate 612 of the lid body 6 via the support portion 65 . That is, a plurality of support portions 65 are provided on the second ceiling plate 612 to protrude upward from the upper surface of the second ceiling plate 612 , and the lid body cover 64 is placed on the support portions 65 .
- the lid body cover 64 can move horizontally and vertically together with the lid body 6 .
- the lid body cover 64 preferably has a higher heat insulating property than the ceiling part 61 and the side wall part 62 in order to prevent the heat inside the lid body 6 from escaping to the surroundings.
- the lid cover 64 is preferably made of a resin material, and more preferably the resin material has heat resistance.
- a fan filter unit 59 (gas supply section) that supplies clean air (gas) around the lid 6 is provided in the upper part of the chamber 51 .
- the fan filter unit 59 supplies air into the chamber 51 (especially inside the atmosphere blocking cover 572 ), and the supplied air flows toward the exhaust pipe 81 .
- a down flow is formed around the lid 6 in which air flows downward, and gas vaporized from the processing liquid such as the plating liquid L1 flows toward the exhaust pipe 81 due to the down flow. In this manner, the gas vaporized from the processing liquid is prevented from rising and diffusing into the chamber 51 .
- the gas supplied from the fan filter unit 59 described above is exhausted by the exhaust mechanism 8.
- the exhaust mechanism 8 has two exhaust pipes 81 provided below the cup 571 and an exhaust duct 82 provided below the drain duct 581 .
- the two exhaust pipes 81 pass through the bottom of the drain duct 581 and communicate with the exhaust duct 82 respectively.
- the exhaust duct 82 is formed in a substantially semicircular ring shape when viewed from above. In this embodiment, one exhaust duct 82 is provided below the drain duct 581 , and two exhaust pipes 81 communicate with this exhaust duct 82 .
- 3 to 6 are enlarged cross-sectional views of an example of the substrate W (especially the recess 10) for explaining an example of the plating method. 4 to 6, illustration of the plating solution L1 and the pretreatment solution L4 is omitted for easy understanding.
- the plating method performed by the plating apparatus 1 is performed by appropriately controlling the plating processing unit 5 by the control unit 3. Clean air is supplied from the fan filter unit 59 into the chamber 51 and flows toward the exhaust pipe 81 during the process described below. In addition, cooling liquid is passed through a cooling groove 525a of a cooling plate 525 provided on the rotating motor 523, and the rotating motor 523 is cooled.
- a substrate W is prepared. That is, the substrate W to be processed is carried into the plating processing section 5 and held by the substrate holding section 52 .
- the upper surface (that is, the processing surface) of the substrate W used in this embodiment has many recesses 10 (see FIG. 3).
- the concave portion 10 is filled with a plated metal (see reference numeral 13 in FIGS. 5 and 6) that functions as a wiring by an electroless plating process, which will be described later.
- the substrate W has a substrate main body W0 and a seed layer 11 laminated on the substrate main body W0, and the upper surface of the substrate W is formed of the seed layer 11.
- the seed layer 11 is provided over the entire upper surface of the substrate W, and the entire surface of each recess 10 is constituted by the seed layer 11 .
- the seed layer 11 acts as a catalyst for the electroless plating reaction and promotes deposition of plating metal.
- the seed layer 11 can be made of a metal selected according to the plating metal deposited in the electroless plating process.
- the seed layer 11 can be made of a cobalt-based material.
- the substrate cleaning process Next, the upper surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52 is cleaned. Specifically, the substrate W is rotated by driving the rotary motor 523 . On the other hand, the nozzle arm 57 positioned at the retracted position moves to the ejection position. Then, the cleaning liquid L2 is supplied from the cleaning liquid nozzle 541 to the rotating substrate W, and the surface of the substrate W is cleaned. The cleaning liquid L ⁇ b>2 washes away deposits and the like from the substrate W and is discharged to the drain duct 581 .
- the rinsing liquid L3 is supplied from the rinsing liquid nozzle 551 to the rotating substrate W. As shown in FIG. The rinse liquid L3 washes away the cleaning liquid L2 remaining on the substrate W and is discharged to the drain duct 581 .
- the pretreatment liquid L4 is applied to the upper surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52, and the pretreatment liquid L4 is brought into contact with the seed layer 11.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 is supplied from the pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 to the rotating substrate W under a room temperature environment (for example, an environment of about 1 to 30° C.).
- a room temperature environment for example, an environment of about 1 to 30° C.
- the feeding of the plating liquid L1 from the plating liquid supply source 532 to the plating liquid nozzle 531 is stopped, and the supply of the plating liquid L1 to the substrate W is stopped. be stopped.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 applied to the substrate W from the pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 spreads over the entire upper surface of the substrate W to form a liquid pool layer (that is, a puddle) on the upper surface of the substrate W.
- the entire upper surface of the substrate W is covered with the pretreatment liquid L4, and each recess 10 is filled with the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the state in which the substrate W is covered with the pretreatment liquid L4 (that is, the state in which the pretreatment liquid L4 is in contact with the seed layer 11 of the recess 10) is maintained at room temperature for a predetermined time or more (for example, 30 minutes). seconds or more) is maintained.
- the surface of the seed layer 11 is reduced and modified by the reducing agent contained in the pretreatment liquid L4, and the additive 12 contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 adheres to the surface of the seed layer 11.
- the additive 12 exemplarily shown in FIG. 4 is an inhibitor that suppresses the electroless plating reaction.
- the portion of the seed layer 11 forming the upper side surface of the recess 10 is higher than the portion forming the bottom surface and the lower side surface of the recess 10.
- Inhibitor deposits at density.
- the portion of the seed layer 11 that forms the bottom surface and the lower side surface of the recess 10 is more likely than the portion that forms the upper side surface of the recess 10. , the accelerator is deposited at a higher density.
- the deposition rate of the plating metal in the lower region of the recess 10 is faster than the deposition rate of the plating metal in the upper region of the recess 10, and the deposition of the plating metal in the recess 10 can be controlled in a bottom-up manner. .
- the pretreatment liquid L4 is omitted in FIG. 4 showing the pretreatment process
- the seed layer 11 shown in FIG. The treatment liquid L4 is filled.
- the additive 12 is clearly shown in FIG. 4, the actual additive 12 adheres to the seed layer 11 at the molecular level, and it is difficult to confirm the additive 12 by direct visual observation.
- the number of revolutions of the substrate W when supplying the pretreatment liquid L4 to the substrate W is lower than the number of revolutions during the above-described rinsing process, and is adjusted to, for example, 50 to 150 rpm.
- the spread of the pretreatment liquid L4 on the substrate W can be promoted, and the uniformity of the film thickness of the puddle of the pretreatment liquid L4 can be promoted.
- a part of the pretreatment liquid L4 applied to the substrate W flows out from the upper surface of the substrate W and is discharged from the drain duct 581.
- the rotation of the substrate W may be stopped when the pretreatment liquid L4 is supplied to the substrate W.
- FIG. In this case, a large amount of the pretreatment liquid L4 can be held on the substrate W, and the film thickness of the puddle of the pretreatment liquid L4 can be increased.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 on the substrate W may be heated by the heater 63. That is, although the pretreatment process is performed in the room temperature environment in the above example, the pretreatment process may be performed in a high temperature environment in which the substrate W and/or the pretreatment liquid L4 are actively heated. In this case, pretreatment of the substrate W may be encouraged. Since the heat treatment of the pretreatment liquid L4 can be performed in the same process as the heat treatment of the plating solution L1, which will be described later, detailed description of the heat treatment of the pretreatment liquid L4 will be omitted.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 is applied to the substrate W prior to the application of the plating liquid L1, thereby promoting electroless plating using the plating liquid L1, which will be described later.
- the plating metal 13 can be properly embedded in the recess 10 .
- the plating solution L1 is supplied from the plating solution nozzle 531 to the rotating substrate W.
- the plating solution L1 spreads over the entire upper surface of the substrate W to form a puddle on the upper surface of the substrate.
- the entire upper surface of the substrate W is covered with the plating solution L1, and each recess 10 is filled with the plating solution L1.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 Although the illustration of the plating solution L1 is omitted in FIGS. 5 and 6 showing the electroless plating process, the seed layer 11 shown in FIGS. The recess 10 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is filled with the plating solution L1.
- the seed layer 11 is used as a catalyst, and the plating metal 13 is gradually deposited on the seed layer 11 by the electroless plating reaction.
- a metal 13 is embedded. Since the plating solution L1 is applied onto the seed layer 11 whose properties have been modified by the pretreatment solution L4 as described above, the plating metal 13 is embedded in each recess 10 in a desired state, and voids and seams in the plating metal 13 are formed. can be effectively suppressed (see FIG. 6).
- the plating metal 13 is deposited on the seed layer 11 immediately after the plating liquid L1 is applied to the seed layer 11. can be made Therefore, thinning of the seed layer 11 due to corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the plating solution L1 can be suppressed. Further, an additive 12 adheres to the surface of the seed layer 11 so as to promote deposition of the plating metal 13 in a bottom-up manner. Therefore, the plated metal 13 is gradually deposited upward from the bottom of the concave portion 10 (see FIG. 5), thereby suppressing the generation of voids and seams.
- the electroless plating process of the present embodiment which is performed using the above-described plating process section 5 (see FIG. 2), includes the following plating solution pouring process and plating solution heat treatment process.
- ⁇ Plating solution serving process> The plating solution L1 is supplied and piled up on the substrate W pretreated with the pretreatment solution L4.
- the number of rotations of the substrate W may be lower than the number of rotations during the rinsing process, and may be, for example, 50 to 150 rpm.
- the spread of the plating solution L1 on the substrate W can be promoted, and the film thickness of the puddle of the plating solution L1 can be made uniform.
- Part of the plating solution L ⁇ b>1 applied to the substrate W flows out from the upper surface of the substrate W and is discharged from the drain duct 581 .
- the rotation of the substrate W may be stopped when the plating solution L1 is supplied to the substrate W. In this case, a large amount of the plating solution L1 can be held on the substrate W, and the film thickness of the puddle of the plating solution L1 can be increased.
- the nozzle arm 57 positioned at the discharge position is positioned at the retracted position.
- the present plating solution heat treatment step includes a step of covering the substrate W with the lid 6, a step of supplying an inert gas, and a first step of heating the plating solution L1 with a first interval between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611. 1 heating step and a second heating step of heating the plating solution L1 with the interval set to the second interval.
- the substrate W may be rotated at the same number of rotations as in the plating solution serving step, or at a different number of rotations, or the rotation may be stopped.
- the substrate W is first covered with the lid 6 . That is, the turning motor 72 of the cover moving mechanism 7 is driven, and the cover 6 positioned at the retracted position turns horizontally and is positioned at the upper position. Subsequently, the cylinder 73 of the lid moving mechanism 7 is driven, and the lid 6 positioned at the upper position is lowered to be positioned at the first spacing position. As a result, the distance between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 of the lid 6 becomes the first distance, the side wall portion 62 of the lid 6 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the substrate W, and the side wall portion 62 of the lid 6 is located at a position lower than the bottom surface of the substrate W. As shown in FIG. As a result, the substrate W is covered with the lid 6 .
- the gas nozzle 661 provided on the ceiling portion 61 of the lid 6 discharges an inert gas into the lid 6, and the surroundings of the substrate W become a low-oxygen atmosphere. Become.
- the inert gas is discharged for a predetermined time, and then the discharge of the inert gas is stopped.
- the heater 63 is driven to heat the plating solution L1 deposited on the substrate W. That is, the heat generated from the heater 63 is transmitted to the plating solution L1 on the substrate W, and the temperature of the plating solution L1 rises.
- the plating solution L1 is heated so that the temperature of the plating solution L1 rises to a predetermined temperature.
- the plating metal 13 is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate W when the temperature of the plating solution L1 rises to the temperature at which the plating metal 13 is deposited.
- the lid 6 is lifted from the first spacing position and positioned at the second spacing position, and the gap between the substrate W and the first ceiling plate 611 of the lid 6 is reached. becomes the second interval.
- the side wall portion 62 of the lid 6 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the substrate W, and the lower end of the side wall portion 62 is positioned at a position lower than the lower surface of the substrate W. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the substrate W is still covered with the lid 6 .
- the heater 63 is driven to heat the plating solution L1 deposited on the substrate W. At this time, the temperature of the plating solution L1 does not substantially rise, and the temperature of the plating solution L1 is maintained to keep the temperature of the plating solution L1 warm. In this manner, the second interval position is set to a position where the plating solution L1 is kept warm by the heat emitted from the heater 63, preventing the plating solution L1 from being excessively heated and preventing deterioration of the plating solution L1. to prevent
- the heating of the plating solution L1 performed in this manner is performed so as to obtain the plating metal 13 having the desired thickness.
- the lid body moving mechanism 7 is driven, and the lid body 6 is positioned at the retracted position. That is, the cylinder 73 of the lid moving mechanism 7 is driven, and the lid 6 positioned at the second spaced position is lifted and positioned at the upper position. After that, the swing motor 72 of the cover moving mechanism 7 is driven, and the cover 6 positioned at the upper position swings in the horizontal direction and is positioned at the retracted position.
- the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52 is rinsed. Specifically, the rinsing liquid L3 is supplied from the rinsing liquid nozzle 551 to the rotating substrate W. As shown in FIG. The rinse liquid L3 washes away the plating liquid L1 remaining on the substrate W and is discharged to the drain duct 581 .
- the number of revolutions of the substrate W is increased more than the number of revolutions during the plating process.
- the substrate W is rotated at the same number of rotations as in the substrate rinsing process before plating.
- the rinse liquid nozzle 551 positioned at the retracted position moves to the discharge position.
- the rinsing liquid L3 is supplied from the rinsing liquid nozzle 551 to the rotating substrate W, and the surface of the substrate W is cleaned. As a result, the plating solution L1 remaining on the substrate W is washed away.
- the rinsed substrate W is dried.
- the substrate W is rotated at a high speed by increasing the rotation speed of the substrate W more than the rotation speed of the substrate rinsing process.
- the rinse liquid L3 remaining on the substrate W is shaken off and removed, and the substrate W on which the plated film is formed is obtained.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen gas may be ejected onto the substrate W to promote drying of the substrate W.
- the substrate W is taken out from the substrate holding section 52 and carried out from the plating processing section 5 .
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the relationship between the time (horizontal axis) in the electroless plating process and the thickness (vertical axis) of the metal film (including the seed layer 11 and the plating metal 13) on the surface of the recess 10 of the substrate W.
- FIG. 10 shows.
- the present inventor actually deposited the plating metal 13 (specifically, copper) on the substrate W having the seed layer 11 using the plating processing unit 5 described above, and the seed layer 11 and the plating metal 13 were deposited.
- the thickness of the containing metal film was measured over time.
- FIG. 7 shows the case where the plating metal 13 is deposited on the substrate W based on the above. In FIG.
- results obtained by the above-described plating method including the pretreatment using the pretreatment liquid L4 are plotted with circles, and the results obtained by the above-described plating method without the pretreatment. Results are plotted with triangles.
- the origin of the horizontal axis indicates the start point of applying the plating solution L1 to the substrate W, and the metal film thickness at t0 is the film thickness of the seed layer 11 .
- the thickness of the metal film (specifically, the seed layer 11) was reduced immediately after starting to apply the plating solution L1 to the substrate W. (See “t0” to “t1” in FIG. 7). This is due to corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the plating solution L1.
- the thickness of the metal film increased immediately after starting to apply the plating solution L1 to the substrate W (“t0” to “ t1”). This is because the plating metal 13 was deposited on the seed layer 11 immediately after the application of the plating solution L1 was started.
- the inventor of the present invention confirmed the plating state at the bottom of the concave portion 10 of the substrate W immediately after starting the application of the plating solution L1 (specifically, 5 seconds after starting the application of the plating solution L1) using a microscope photograph. . According to the micrograph, it can be seen that the minute lumps of the plated metal 13 (that is, plated metal nuclei) appear at a higher density when the pretreatment is performed than when the pretreatment is not performed. confirmed.
- the present inventor actually applied the plating metal 13 (specifically, copper) onto the substrate W having the seed layer 11 while changing the components contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 using the plating processing unit 5 described above. After depositing, the deposition state of the plated metal 13 was confirmed by a microscope photograph. Specifically, the pretreatment liquid L4 containing the reducing agent and the pH adjuster but not the above-mentioned additive, the pretreatment liquid L4 containing the additive (accelerator) and the pH adjuster but not the reducing agent, and Pretreatment was performed using each pretreatment liquid L4 containing all of the reducing agent, additive (accelerator) and pH adjuster.
- the plating metal 13 was deposited on the substrate W under the same conditions according to the plating method described above, except for the components contained in the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the plating metal 13 is deposited immediately after the start of application of the plating liquid L1. , promotion of the electroless plating reaction by the pretreatment liquid L4 was confirmed. However, the plating metal 13 deposited and grew almost uniformly over the entire surface of the seed layer 11 , and the deposition growth (conformal growth) of the plating metal 13 following the surface shape of the recess 10 was also confirmed in the recess 10 . Thus, it cannot be said that the deposition of the plated metal 13 in the concave portion 10 can be sufficiently controlled in a bottom-up manner.
- the plating metal 13 is deposited immediately after the start of application of the plating liquid L1, Acceleration of the electroless plating reaction by the pretreatment liquid L4 was confirmed.
- the plated metal 13 was deposited and grown almost uniformly over the entire surface of the seed layer 11 , and the conformal growth of the plated metal 13 was confirmed even in the recesses 10 . This is because although the additive contained in the pretreatment liquid L4 promotes the deposition of the plating metal 13, the deposition of the plating metal 13 in the recesses 10 cannot be sufficiently controlled in a bottom-up manner. .
- the plating metal 13 is deposited immediately after the start of application of the plating liquid L1, and the recesses are formed. 10, it was confirmed that the plating metal 13 was deposited in a bottom-up manner.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 contains a pH adjuster that adjusts the pretreatment liquid L4 to be alkaline, and the pretreatment liquid L4 contains a pH adjuster that adjusts the pretreatment liquid L4 to be acidic.
- an accelerator that accelerates the electroless plating reaction was used as an additive contained in the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the accelerator is one that easily adheres to the seed layer 11 (especially the concave portion 10) in a desired state (that is, a state that promotes bottom-up deposition of the plating metal 13). used.
- the plating metal 13 was deposited on the substrate W under the same conditions according to the above-described plating method except for the pretreatment and the pH of the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the plating on the seed layer 11 of the substrate W was found to be higher when the pretreatment was performed (when the pretreatment liquid L4 was acidic and when the pretreatment liquid L4 was alkaline) than when the pretreatment was not performed. It was confirmed that the metal 13 was efficiently deposited.
- the plating metal 13 deposits and grows substantially uniformly over the entire surface of the seed layer 11, and the deposition of the plating metal 13 in the recesses 10 is sufficiently controlled in a bottom-up manner. It was confirmed that it was not.
- the electroless plating reaction on the substrate W is activated, the deposition latency period of the plated metal 13 is shortened, and Bottom-up deposition of plating metal 13 in recesses 10 can be facilitated.
- the plating metal 13 can be properly embedded in the concave portion 10 of the substrate W while preventing voids and seams from being generated by the electroless plating process.
- FIGS. 8 to 12 are enlarged cross-sectional views of an example of the substrate W (especially the recess 10) for explaining the plating method according to the first modification.
- illustration of the plating solution and the pretreatment solution is omitted in FIGS.
- a preceding pretreatment step (second pretreatment liquid)
- a step of applying a preceding electroless plating solution (second electroless plating solution) to the substrate W is performed.
- the process of depositing the plating metal 13 on the substrate W is divided into a plurality of stages (two stages).
- the substrate W to be processed is carried into the plating processing section 5, held by the substrate holding section 52 (substrate holding step), washed with the cleaning liquid L2 (substrate cleaning processing step), and rinsed with the rinsing liquid. It is washed away by L3 (substrate rinse processing step).
- a preceding pretreatment liquid (second pretreatment liquid) is applied to the upper surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holding part 52 , and the preceding pretreatment liquid is brought into contact with the seed layer 11 .
- This preceding pretreatment step can basically be carried out under the same conditions as the "pretreatment step" of the above-described embodiment.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid contains a reducing agent and a pH adjuster.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid is adjusted to a desired pH (for example, alkaline) with a pH adjuster.
- the reducing agent contained in the preceding pretreatment liquid reduces the surface oxide film of the substrate W and modifies the surface of the substrate W so as to increase the activity of the plating reaction of the substrate W.
- FIG. In this modification, the concentration of the reducing agent is different between the preceding pretreatment liquid and the pretreatment liquid L4, and the preceding pretreatment liquid contains the reducing agent at a higher concentration than the pretreatment liquid L4.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid of this modified example does not contain an additive that promotes or inhibits the electroless plating reaction, it may contain such an additive.
- the electroless plating reaction by the preceding electroless plating solution can be controlled by the additive contained in the preceding pretreatment solution.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid supplied from the preceding pretreatment liquid supply source 566 to the preceding pretreatment liquid nozzle 565 is discharged toward the substrate W from the preceding pretreatment liquid nozzle 565 .
- the preceding pretreatment liquid nozzle 565 is supported by the nozzle arm 57 (see FIG. 2) and is provided movably together with the nozzle arm 57 .
- the preceding pretreatment liquid nozzle 565 and the above-described pretreatment liquid nozzle 561 may be configured by a common nozzle.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid supply source 566 and the pretreatment liquid supply source 562 may be configured by a common supply source.
- the preceding electroless plating liquid is supplied to the upper surface of the substrate W (including the recesses 10), and the plating metal 13 is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate W (including the recesses 10). (see FIGS. 9 and 10).
- the preceding electroless plating solution is applied onto the seed layer 11 modified by the preceding pretreatment solution. Therefore, deposition of the plating metal 13 on the seed layer 11 starts immediately after the preceding electroless plating solution is applied to the seed layer 11 . Therefore, it is possible to increase the overall thickness of the metal film including the seed layer 11 and the plating metal 13 while suppressing corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the preceding electroless plating solution (see FIG. 10).
- deposition growth of the plating metal 13 deposited from the preceding electroless plating solution in the recesses 10 is conformal growth following the surface shape of the recesses 10 .
- the plating metal 13 deposited from the preceding electroless plating solution may be deposited in the recesses 10 in a bottom-up manner. In this case, it is possible to control deposition of the plated metal 13 in the recesses 10 in a bottom-up manner by adding an additive that promotes or suppresses the electroless plating reaction to the preceding pretreatment liquid.
- the preceding electroless plating solution has the same composition as the plating solution L1 of the above-described embodiment, and the plating metal 13 having the same composition as the plating metal 13 deposited from the plating solution L1 is the same as the preceding electroless plating solution. Deposited from the electrolytic plating solution.
- the preceding electroless plating solution supplied from the preceding plating solution supply source 568 to the preceding plating solution nozzle 567 is discharged toward the substrate W from the preceding plating solution nozzle 567 .
- the preceding plating solution nozzle 567 is supported by the nozzle arm 57 (see FIG. 2) and provided movably together with the nozzle arm 57 .
- the preceding plating solution nozzle 567 and the plating solution nozzle 531 may be configured by a common nozzle.
- the preceding plating solution supply source 568 and the plating solution supply source 532 may be configured by a common supply source.
- the substrate W is pretreated by applying the pretreatment liquid L4 to the substrate W in the same manner as in the pretreatment process of the above-described embodiment.
- the pretreatment liquid L4 contacts the layer of the plating metal 13 deposited from the preceding electroless plating liquid. Therefore, the exposed surface of the layer of the plated metal 13 is modified by the reducing agent, and the additive 12 adheres on the layer of the plated metal 13 (see FIG. 11).
- the substrate W is applied with the plating solution L1, and the substrate W is subjected to the electroless plating process.
- the plating solution L1 contacts the layer of the plating metal 13 deposited from the preceding electroless plating solution, the layer of the plating metal 13 is used as a catalyst, and the plating metal 13 is gradually deposited by the electroless plating reaction. do.
- the entire recess 10 is finally filled with the plating metal 13, and the upper surface of the substrate W is covered with the plating metal 13 (see FIG. 12).
- the layer of the plating metal 13 deposited from the preceding electroless plating solution substantially functions as a seed layer, and the plating deposited from the pretreatment solution L4 is formed on the layer of the plating metal 13.
- Metal 13 is deposited. Therefore, the electroless plating process in this modification can be performed under conditions suitable for depositing the plating metal 13 on the layer of the plating metal 13 .
- a substrate rinsing process a substrate drying process, and a substrate removing process are performed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments.
- the preceding electroless plating liquid is supplied to the concave portion 10 of the substrate W, and the plating metal 13 is deposited in the concave portion 10. is precipitated.
- the process of depositing the plating metal 13 on the substrate W is divided into a preceding electroless plating process and an electroless plating process. Therefore, while performing the preceding electroless plating treatment so as to meet the conditions required in the initial stage of the electroless plating reaction, the electroless plating treatment is performed under the conditions required in the intermediate and later stages of the electroless plating reaction. can be implemented in accordance with As a result, the electroless plating reaction can be carried out under desirable conditions throughout the initial and final stages, and the recesses 10 of the substrate W can be properly filled with the plating metal 13 .
- prior electroless plating is performed under conditions optimized to avoid "thinning of the seed layer 11 due to corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the plating solution," which is a concern in the initial stage of the electroless plating reaction. be able to.
- the conditions can be appropriately determined without considering the avoidance of "thinning of the seed layer 11 due to corrosion of the seed layer 11 by the plating solution".
- the seed layer 11 is thin and discontinuous, by depositing the plated metal 13 on the bottom surface and side wall surfaces of the recess 10 in the preceding electroless plating process, the seed layer 11 of the surfaces defining the recess 10 is A non-existent portion is also covered with the plated metal 13 . As a result, the plated metal 13 can be properly embedded in the concave portion 10 in the electroless plating process that is performed thereafter.
- the preceding pretreatment liquid containing the reducing agent and the pH adjuster Prior to supplying the advance electroless plating solution to the concave portions 10 of the substrate W, the preceding pretreatment liquid containing the reducing agent and the pH adjuster is supplied to the concave portions 10 . Then, the concentration of the reducing agent differs between the pretreatment liquid L4 and the preceding pretreatment liquid.
- the plating metal 13 can be deposited on the substrate W from the preceding electroless plating solution in a short time, and corrosion of the seed layer 11 due to the preceding electroless plating solution can be suppressed.
- the technical categories that embody the above technical ideas are not limited.
- the substrate liquid processing apparatus described above may be applied to other apparatuses.
- the above technical idea may be embodied by a computer program for causing a computer to execute one or more procedures (steps) included in the above substrate liquid processing method.
- the above technical idea may be embodied by a computer-readable non-transitory recording medium in which such a computer program is recorded.
Abstract
Description
まず基板Wが準備される。すなわち、処理対象の基板Wがめっき処理部5に搬入されて、基板保持部52により保持される。
次に、基板保持部52により保持された基板Wの上面に対する洗浄処理が行われる。具体的には、回転モータ523が駆動されて基板Wが回転される。一方、退避位置に位置づけられていたノズルアーム57が、吐出位置に移動する。そして、回転する基板Wに、洗浄液ノズル541から洗浄液L2が供給されて、基板Wの表面が洗浄される。洗浄液L2は、基板Wから付着物等を洗い流し、ドレンダクト581に排出される。
次に、基板保持部52により保持された基板Wの上面に対するリンス処理が行われる。具体的には、回転する基板Wに、リンス液ノズル551からリンス液L3が供給される。リンス液L3は、基板W上に残存する洗浄液L2を洗い流し、ドレンダクト581に排出される。
次に、基板保持部52により保持された基板Wの上面に前処理液L4が付与され、当該前処理液L4がシード層11に接触される。具体的には、室温環境下(例えば1~30℃程度の環境下)で、回転する基板Wに、前処理液ノズル561から前処理液L4が供給される。前処理液ノズル561から所定量の前処理液L4が吐出された後、めっき液供給源532からめっき液ノズル531へのめっき液L1の送り出しが停止され、基板Wへのめっき液L1の供給が停止される。
シード層11に前処理液L4を接触させた後、基板Wの上面(凹部10を含む)にめっき液L1が供給され、基板Wの上面(凹部10を含む)においてめっき金属13が析出される(図5及び図6参照)。
<めっき液盛り付け工程>
前処理液L4により前処理された基板W上にめっき液L1が供給されて盛り付けられる。この場合、基板Wの回転数が、リンス処理時の回転数よりも低減され、例えば50~150rpmにされてもよい。これにより、基板W上におけるめっき液L1の広がりを促しつつ、めっき液L1のパドルの膜厚の均一化を促すことができる。基板Wに付与されためっき液L1の一部は、基板Wの上面から流出して、ドレンダクト581から排出される。なお、めっき液L1を基板Wに供給する際に基板Wの回転は停止されてもよい。この場合、基板W上に多量のめっき液L1を保持することができ、めっき液L1のパドルの膜厚を増大させることができる。
その後、基板W上に盛り付けられためっき液L1が加熱される。本めっき液加熱処理工程は、蓋体6が基板Wを覆う工程、不活性ガスを供給する工程、基板Wと第1天井板611との間隔を第1間隔にしてめっき液L1を加熱する第1加熱工程と、当該間隔を第2間隔にしてめっき液L1を加熱する第2加熱工程とを有する。めっき液加熱処理工程において、基板Wは、めっき液盛り付け工程と同じ回転数又は異なる回転数で回転されてもよいし、回転が停止されてもよい。
基板Wの凹部にめっき金属13が埋め込まれた後、基板保持部52により保持された基板Wに対するリンス処理が行われる。具体的には、回転する基板Wに、リンス液ノズル551からリンス液L3が供給される。リンス液L3は、基板W上に残存するめっき液L1を洗い流し、ドレンダクト581に排出される。
続いて、リンス処理された基板Wが乾燥処理される。この場合、例えば、基板Wの回転数を、基板リンス処理工程の回転数よりも増大させて、基板Wを高速で回転させる。これにより、基板W上に残存するリンス液L3が振り切られて除去され、めっき膜が形成された基板Wが得られる。この場合、基板Wに、窒素ガスなどの不活性ガスを噴出して、基板Wの乾燥を促進してもよい。
その後、基板Wが基板保持部52から取り出されて、めっき処理部5から搬出される。
図7は、無電解めっき処理における時間(横軸)と、基板Wの凹部10の表面における金属膜(シード層11及びめっき金属13を含む)の厚み(縦軸)との間の関係例を示す図である。
本件発明者は、実際に、上述のめっき処理部5を使って、前処理液L4の含有成分を変えつつ、シード層11を具備する基板W上にめっき金属13(具体的には銅)を堆積させ、顕微鏡写真によってめっき金属13の堆積状態を確認した。具体的には、還元剤及びpH調整剤を含むが上述の添加剤を含まない前処理液L4、添加剤(加速剤)及びpH調整剤を含むが還元剤を含まない前処理液L4、及び還元剤、添加剤(加速剤)及びpH調整剤の全てを含む前処理液L4の各々を使って前処理を行った。
本件発明者は、実際に、上述のめっき処理部5を使って、前処理を行わない場合と、前処理を行った場合(ただし前処理液L4のpH変えた場合)との各々に関し、顕微鏡写真によってめっき金属13の堆積状態を確認した。特に、前処理を行った場合については、前処理液L4をアルカリ性に調整するpH調整剤を前処理液L4が含有するケース及び前処理液L4を酸性に調整するpH調整剤を前処理液L4が含有するケースを行った。
本変形例において、上述の実施形態と同一又は対応の要素には同一の符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
その後、基板保持部52により保持された基板Wの上面に先行前処理液(第2前処理液)が付与され、当該先行前処理液がシード層11に接触される。本先行前処理工程は、基本的に、上述の実施形態の「前処理工程」と同様の条件下で実施可能である。
シード層11に先行前処理液を接触させた後、基板Wの上面(凹部10を含む)に先行無電解めっき液が供給され、基板Wの上面(凹部10を含む)においてめっき金属13が析出される(図9及び図10参照)。
Claims (5)
- 凹部を有する基板であって、前記凹部の表面にシード層が形成されている基板を準備する工程と、
還元剤、pH調整剤、及び無電解めっき反応を促進又は抑制する添加剤を含有する第1前処理液を、前記シード層に接触させる工程と、
前記シード層に前記第1前処理液を接触させた後に前記凹部に第1無電解めっき液を供給し、前記凹部においてめっき金属を析出させる工程と、
を含む、基板液処理方法。 - 前記第1前処理液における還元剤の濃度は、前記第1無電解めっき液における還元剤の濃度よりも高い、請求項1に記載の基板液処理方法。
- 前記第1前処理液を前記シード層に接触させるのに先立って、前記凹部に第2無電解めっき液を供給して、前記凹部においてめっき金属を析出させる工程、を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の基板液処理方法。
- 前記凹部に前記第2無電解めっき液を供給するのに先だって、還元剤及びpH調整剤を含有する第2前処理液を前記凹部に供給する工程、を含み、
還元剤の濃度が前記第1前処理液と前記第2前処理液との間で異なる、請求項3に記載の基板液処理方法。 - コンピュータに、
凹部を有する基板であって、前記凹部の表面にシード層が形成されている基板を準備する手順と、
還元剤、pH調整剤、及び無電解めっき反応を促進又は抑制する添加剤を含有する第1前処理液を、前記シード層に接触させる手順と、
前記シード層に前記第1前処理液を接触させた後に前記凹部に第1無電解めっき液を供給し、前記凹部においてめっき金属を析出させる手順と、
を実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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JPS56123363A (en) * | 1980-03-04 | 1981-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | Pretreating liquid for chemical plating |
JPH0649649A (ja) * | 1992-07-28 | 1994-02-22 | Shinko Electric Ind Co Ltd | 無電解めっきの前処理液 |
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