WO2022230455A1 - タングステン線およびそれを用いたタングステン線加工方法並びに電解線 - Google Patents
タングステン線およびそれを用いたタングステン線加工方法並びに電解線 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022230455A1 WO2022230455A1 PCT/JP2022/013189 JP2022013189W WO2022230455A1 WO 2022230455 A1 WO2022230455 A1 WO 2022230455A1 JP 2022013189 W JP2022013189 W JP 2022013189W WO 2022230455 A1 WO2022230455 A1 WO 2022230455A1
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- tungsten wire
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017532 Cu-Be Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Re] DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/12—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/06—Measuring leads; Measuring probes
- G01R1/067—Measuring probes
- G01R1/06711—Probe needles; Cantilever beams; "Bump" contacts; Replaceable probe pins
- G01R1/06755—Material aspects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/003—Drawing materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special drawing methods or sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
- B22F2003/185—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers by hot rolling, below sintering temperature
Definitions
- the embodiments described later relate to a tungsten wire, a tungsten wire processing method using the same, and an electrolytic wire.
- a device called a probe card is used when inspecting the electrical characteristics of an IC chip that forms a semiconductor device.
- An example of a vertical probe card 10 is shown schematically in FIG.
- a probe pin 12 is connected to the lead wire 11 . After the inspection part 13 rises and the tips of the probe pins 12 come into contact with each other, the inspection part 13 and the tips of the probe pins 12 are pressed against each other ( This is called overdrive). Therefore, the probe pin 12 bends (elastic deformation).
- the shape of the probe pin 12 is shown, for example, in FIG.
- the probe pin 12 for example, as in type (a), it is composed of a straight portion 120 and a tapered portion 121, or as in type (b), the tip portion of the tapered portion 121 is bent to form a bent portion 121a.
- the straight portion 120 may be treated with an insulating coating or the like.
- (a) is used for a vertical type probe card
- (b) is used for a cantilever type probe card.
- the standard dimensions of the pin are about ⁇ 0.05 to 0.20 mm for the diameter of the straight part and about 20 to 100 mm for the total length of the pin.
- probe pin materials include tungsten (W), rhenium-tungsten alloy (ReW), palladium (Pd) alloy, and beryllium copper (Cu-Be). are used accordingly.
- electrode pads aluminum pads and gold pads.
- Aluminum pads have high hardness, electrical resistance, and wear resistance because it is necessary to break through the insulating coating caused by oxidation on the surface of the electrode pads.
- W and ReW probe pins are mainly used because of their excellent durability.
- tungsten wire For probe pins, a small-diameter tungsten wire (thin wire) is cut, for example, to a fixed length, and the surface is mechanically or chemically polished to determine the diameter. At this time, if the diameter of the fine wire, which is the material, varies, it becomes necessary to secure a large cutting allowance. Alternatively, there is a possibility that there will be parts that cannot be manufactured due to insufficient cutting allowance. And, the smaller the diameter of the wires, the greater the influence on yield reduction.
- the sintered body is first rolled and drawn (wire drawing) (primary processing), and the wire diameter range (0.3 to 1.0 mm) that can be divided into various uses and types. and the strands of After that, necessary processes such as wire drawing and heat treatment are added to an appropriate amount of wire to obtain a predetermined tungsten wire.
- the lubricant applied to the surface of the W wire contains graphite (C) powder and a thickener, and has a specific gravity of 1.0 to 1.1 g/cm 3 . cm3 or less.
- the tungsten wire temperature is 500°C or higher and 1300°C or lower
- the wire drawing die temperature is 300°C or higher and 650°C or lower
- the wire drawing speed is 10m/min or higher and 70m/min or lower.
- tungsten wire with an area reduction rate of 5% or more and 15% or less (see Patent Document 1). Also, as a method of preventing seizure during wire drawing, which causes variations in wire diameter, there is a method of appropriately roughening the surface to improve the lubricity of the lubricant. For example, after wire drawing is performed to correct a perfect circle, the surface is stripped to remove surface defects, and the surface roughness is reduced to 0.8 to 0.8 as the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) defined in JISB0601 by a shot blasting device. There is a stainless steel wire adjusted to 2.5 ⁇ m (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 the reasons for the variation in the wire diameter after wire drawing are that the lubricant is heated more than necessary in each wire drawing process, resulting in a decrease in lubricity, and the resistance to deformation due to overheating of the wire. and a decrease in workability due to a change in the supply of lubricant (C content). It is stated that a change in the amount of carbon supplied leads to a change in lubricity, and that lubricity is very important for suppressing variations in wire diameter.
- the lubricant is a liquid and is applied (adhered) to the wire surface, heated, and subjected to the wire drawing process. If the lubricant is not uniformly adhered to the wire surface, the lubricity may fluctuate during wire drawing even if the conditions are controlled as described above, and the wire diameter may vary.
- Ra is adjusted to improve the adhesion of the lubricant.
- Ra is a line roughness parameter, and the measurement is directed to a cross-sectional curve determined on a cut plane perpendicular to the material surface, as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
- Ra is obtained by the formula shown in FIG. From this, in order to evaluate by Ra, it is a prerequisite that the uneven shape of the surface is uniform over the entire surface, including in the circumferential direction and the axial direction.
- the surface is mechanically processed by shot blasting to make the unevenness of the surface uniform over the entire length.
- W wires are much harder than stainless steel wire rods, etc., and do not like to adhere to the surface of impurities that cause embrittlement, so processing such as shot blasting is not adopted. For this reason, even tungsten wires exhibiting the same Ra may have different uneven shapes and different adhesion properties of the lubricant.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tungsten wire that improves the variation in wire diameter.
- the tungsten wire according to the embodiment is a tungsten wire made of a tungsten alloy containing rhenium, and the surface roughness parameter (reference: ISO 25178-2:2012 and JISB0681) has a vertex density (Spd) of 7000 or more and 11000 or less.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a vertical probe card; The schematic diagram which shows the shape of a probe pin.
- Conceptual diagram of line roughness measurement The figure which shows roughly an example of arithmetic mean roughness Ra.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the W wire for wire drawing.
- Conceptual diagram of Spd measurement Spc measurement concept explanatory diagram.
- W wire for wire drawing A tungsten wire for wire drawing according to an embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- the tungsten wire for wire drawing may be referred to as W wire for wire drawing.
- the drawings are schematic and, for example, the dimensional ratios of the respective parts are not limited to the drawings.
- FIG. 5a shows an example of a W wire sample taken from a wire drawing W wire.
- the sample length should be long enough to measure multiple points (100 to 150 mm).
- a W wire for wire drawing has a mixture layer (oxide layer) on its surface. This mixture layer is removed using, for example, a caustic soda solution, and the body portion is used as a sample for measurement.
- the sampling position is arbitrary, but in consideration of the yield of the product, and in order to confirm the variation over the entire length of the W wire, samples should be taken at two or more separate positions in one W wire. It is desirable to
- the front and rear terminals have unstable conditions due to, for example, the starting and stopping of the wire drawing device, so those parts are not included in the sampling. The length of the unstable portion varies depending on the layout and size of the device.
- Fig. 5b shows the X-X cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis) of Fig. 5a).
- straight lines dividing the outer circumference into 5 equal parts are drawn from the center, and the points of intersection with the outer circumference are defined as A1 to A5.
- the shape of the sample surface is measured at these arbitrary five locations.
- the measurement points are examples, and the measurement can be made at any point, but this point is good for uniform measurement over the entire circumference.
- the number of data is "5 x n" depending on the number of observed samples (n).
- the measurement is performed in a non-contact manner using a laser microscope. Using a 10x objective lens, the field of view is such that the sample diameter does not protrude, and the surface roughness parameter is analyzed in accordance with ISO 25178-2:2012 for the entire wire portion in the obtained measurement image.
- the W wire of the embodiment has an Spd of 7000 or more and 11000 or less. More preferably, it is 8000 or more and 9000 or less.
- the presence of unevenness on the surface allows the lubricant (C) to adhere uniformly to the surface of the W wire during application of the lubricant and heating during wire drawing. It also stabilizes the amount of C drawn into the die together with the W wire during wire drawing. As a result, the drawing force during wire drawing is stabilized, enabling uniform wire drawing.
- the Spd is less than 7000, the amount of C drawn into the die during wire drawing becomes unstable, which may cause variations in lubricity.
- Spd exceeds 11000, it becomes difficult for C to sufficiently permeate and adhere to the surface of the W wire, especially to the troughs, and partial peeling tends to occur, which may cause variations in lubricity.
- Such a peak density cannot be assumed from the line roughness parameters Ra and Rz (maximum height).
- the W wire of the embodiment has, for example, an Sdr of 0.16 or less. More preferably, it is 0.13 or less. The greater the Sdr, the greater the height difference between peaks and valleys. When Sdr exceeds 0.16, the amount of C drawn into the die varies greatly between peaks and valleys, which may destabilize lubricity. In addition, the line roughness parameter Ra cannot assume such a height difference between mountains. Also, Rz is affected by scratches and dust on the measurement line.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 0.06 or more. If the Sdr becomes small, there is a possibility that the lubricant retention force on the surface of the W wire will be insufficient when the lubricant is applied or when the wire is pulled into the wire drawing die.
- the measurement concept of the arithmetic mean curve (Spc) of the peak point of the surface roughness parameter is shown.
- the radius of curvature of the peak of the mountain is obtained as shown in FIG. 6b), and the average value is calculated.
- the W wire of the embodiment has Spc of 300 or more and 500 or less, for example.
- the lubricant (C) adheres evenly to the surface of the W wire due to the anchoring effect of the protuberances of the applied lubricant. It also stabilizes the amount of C drawn into the die together with the W wire during wire drawing. As a result, the drawing force during wire drawing is stabilized, enabling uniform wire drawing. If the Spc is less than 300, the apex of the protrusion becomes flat and may become a starting point for peeling of the lubricating layer when the die is pulled into the die.
- the formula for obtaining the root-mean-square slope (Sdq) of the surface roughness parameter is Equation 1. It is an index indicating the root mean square of the slopes at all points in the defined area. For example, Sdq of a plane with a slope of 45 degrees indicates "1". The higher the value, the steeper the surface.
- the W wire of the embodiment has, for example, Sdq of 0.60 or less. More preferably, it is 0.55 or less. If the Sdq is greater than 0.60, uneven adhesion tends to occur during lubricant application. Especially depending on the number of ridges, the lubricant may not penetrate sufficiently. In addition, steep unevenness may cause cracks during wire drawing depending on the conditions.
- Such steepness of the mountain cannot be assumed from the roughness parameters Ra and Rz.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 0.35 or more. If Sdq becomes small, there is a possibility that the lubricant retention force on the surface of the W wire will be insufficient when the lubricant is applied or when the wire is drawn into the wire drawing die.
- the amount of Re contained in the wire drawing W wire of the embodiment is preferably 1 wt% or more and less than 30 wt%, more preferably 2 wt% or more and 28 wt% or less.
- the amount of Re is a value analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Re improves the elongation of W at high temperature and enhances workability. Also, strength is increased by solid-solution strengthening. However, when the content is less than 1 wt%, the effect is insufficient. For example, when used as a material for probe pins, the amount of deformation of a completed probe pin increases with frequency of use, resulting in poor contact and a drop in semiconductor inspection accuracy.
- an electrolytic wire for a probe pin made of this embodiment can secure mechanical properties (strength and wear resistance). However, it can be manufactured with good yield.
- the wire drawing W wire of the embodiment may contain 30 wtppm or more and 90 wtppm or less of K as a dopant.
- the amount of K is a value analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
- ICP-OES inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
- fine wires for thermocouples and electron tube heaters made from this embodiment can be made while ensuring high temperature characteristics (prevention of disconnection and deformation when used at high temperatures). , can be manufactured with good yield.
- the W powder and Re powder are mixed so that the Re content is 1 wt% or more and less than 30 wt%.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited, but a method of mixing the powder in a slurry state using water or an alcoholic solution is particularly preferable because a powder with good dispersibility can be obtained.
- the Re powder to be mixed has, for example, an average particle size of less than 8 ⁇ m.
- the W powder is pure W powder excluding inevitable impurities, or doped W powder containing a K amount in consideration of the yield up to the wire rod.
- the W powder has, for example, an average particle size of less than 16 ⁇ m.
- a ReW alloy with a Re content of 18 wt% or less is produced by a powder metallurgy method, a melting method, etc., and then Pulverize.
- a method of mixing an insufficient amount of Re with respect to the desired composition there is also a method of mixing an insufficient amount of Re with respect to the desired composition.
- the tungsten wire containing Re may be referred to as ReW wire.
- the mixed powder is put into a predetermined mold and press-molded.
- the press pressure at this time is preferably 150 MPa or higher.
- the compact may be pre-sintered at 1200-1400° C. in a hydrogen furnace for easy handling.
- the molded body obtained is sintered under a hydrogen atmosphere, under an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or under vacuum.
- the sintering temperature is preferably 2500°C or higher. If the temperature is less than 2500°C, diffusion of Re atoms and W atoms will not proceed sufficiently during sintering.
- the upper limit of the sintering temperature is 3400°C (the melting point of W is 3422°C or less).
- the relative density after sintering is preferably 90% or more. By setting the relative density of the sintered body to 90% or more, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of cracks, chipping, breakage, etc. in the post rolling process (SW process).
- Forming and sintering may be performed simultaneously by hot pressing in a hydrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or in vacuum.
- a pressing pressure of 100 MPa or more and a heating temperature of 1700°C to 2825°C are preferable. This hot pressing method can obtain a dense sintered body even at a relatively low temperature.
- the sintered body obtained in this sintering process is subjected to the first rolling process (SW process).
- the first SW processing is preferably performed at a heating temperature of 1300-1600°C.
- the cross-sectional area reduction rate (area reduction rate) in one heat treatment (one heat) is preferably 5 to 15%.
- RM processing rolling processing
- RM processing is preferably carried out at a heating temperature of 1200-1600°C.
- the area reduction rate in one heat is preferably 40 to 75%.
- a 2-way roller rolling mill, a 4-way roller rolling mill, a die roll rolling mill, or the like can be used. RM processing can significantly improve manufacturing efficiency.
- the first SW processing and RM processing may be combined.
- the second SW processing is performed on the sintered body (ReW bar) that has completed the first SW processing, RM processing, or combination processing.
- the second SW processing is preferably performed at a heating temperature of 1200-1500°C.
- the area reduction rate in one heat is preferably about 5 to 20%.
- the ReW bar material that has completed the second SW process is then subjected to recrystallization treatment.
- the recrystallization treatment can be carried out, for example, using a high-frequency heating device under a hydrogen atmosphere, under an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or under vacuum at a treatment temperature of 1800 to 2600°C.
- the ReW bar that has completed the recrystallization process undergoes the third SW processing.
- the third SW processing is preferably performed at a heating temperature of 1200-1500°C.
- the area reduction rate in one heat is preferably about 10 to 30%.
- the third SW processing is performed until the ReW bar has a drawable diameter (preferably 2 to 4 mm in diameter).
- the ReW bar material that has completed the third SW processing is processed by applying a lubricant to the surface, drying the lubricant, and heating it to a workable temperature.
- a first wire drawing process is performed by repeating the wire drawing process using a drawing die to a diameter of 0.7 to 1.2 mm.
- the lubricant it is desirable to use a C-based lubricant that has excellent heat resistance.
- the processing temperature is preferably 800°C to 1100°C.
- the workable temperature varies depending on the wire diameter, and the larger the diameter, the higher the temperature. If the processing temperature is lower than the workable temperature, cracks and disconnections frequently occur.
- the area reduction rate is preferably 15 to 35%. If it is less than 15%, internal and external differences in the structure and residual stress will occur during processing, causing cracks. If it is more than 35%, the drawing force becomes excessive, and the diameter after drawing fluctuates greatly, resulting in breakage.
- the wire drawing speed is determined by the balance between the capacity of the heating device, the distance from the device to the die, and the rate of area reduction.
- ReW wires drawn to a diameter of 0.7 to 1.2 mm are polished. This cancels out the effects of the irregular unevenness on the surface produced by the rolling process and the mixture layer applied to the surface. Furthermore, the shape of the surface of the ReW wire body is adjusted. Polishing is carried out, for example, by electrochemical polishing (electropolishing) in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. In this case, the current (polarity) used becomes a very important factor. Electrolysis using a direct current (DC) has the effect of making the unevenness of the surface uniform. Also, electrolysis using an alternating current (AC) results in suitable unevenness on the surface due to the polarity changing with frequency. The surface state is adjusted by combining the DC electrolysis and the AC electrolysis.
- DC direct current
- AC alternating current
- DC electrolysis is first performed to cancel the effects of previous processing on the ReW wire surface, and then AC electrolysis is performed to adjust the surface to the desired state.
- the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution concentration is, for example, 3 to 15 wt%.
- a processing speed of 0.4 to 2.0 m/min is preferable. If it is slower than 0.4m/min, the processing man-hour will increase significantly. If it exceeds 2.0 m/min, it is necessary to increase the amount of electrolysis per unit time, making it difficult to adjust the surface condition.
- the electrolysis current is preferably in the range of 20-50A, respectively.
- the electrolysis may be combined multiple times. In the case of multiple times, the combination is arbitrary, but the more the number of combinations, the larger the device capacity, the more complicated the condition management, and the more man-hours. Therefore, the fewer the times, the better.
- a very thin oxide film layer may be formed by, for example, burner heating. This may make it easier to adjust the shape of the surface.
- the ReW wire that has been polished is subjected to heat treatment in an atmospheric furnace to form a dense and homogeneous oxide layer along the surface shape.
- the heating temperature is preferably 700-1100°C. If the temperature is lower than 700°C, it is difficult to form oxides. If the temperature is higher than 1100°C, the oxide composition will vary. A processing speed of 5 to 20 m/min is preferable. If it is less than 5m/min, the processing man-hour will increase significantly. If it exceeds 20 m/min, it is necessary to increase the amount of heat for raising the temperature, and the oxide layer tends to become non-uniform. Alternatively, the device would need to be very large.
- the second wire drawing process is performed.
- the area reduction rate of the second wire drawing is preferably 15 to 35%.
- the heating temperature is preferably 1000°C or less.
- a W wire for wire drawing with a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 mm is obtained by the second wire drawing.
- an appropriate amount of W wire for wire drawing is subjected to necessary processes such as wire drawing and heat treatment under known conditions, and the required properties (strength, hardness, etc.) are obtained with a predetermined wire diameter. Let the W line have Electrolytic polishing is performed on this to obtain an electrolytic wire.
- Example 1 After the first wire drawing, DC electrolysis and AC electrolysis were repeated in sequence, and a ReW wire with a diameter of 1.0 mm was obtained by the second wire drawing.
- Example 2 After the first wire drawing process, DC electrolysis is performed, and an oxide film is applied to the surface by heating with a burner to give a golden color tone, AC electrolysis is performed, and a diameter of 1.0 mm is obtained by the second wire drawing process. ReW wire.
- Examples 3 to 5 After the first wire drawing, DC electrolysis and AC electrolysis were performed once each, and a ReW wire with a diameter of 1.0 mm was obtained by the second wire drawing.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 After the first wire drawing, only DC electrolysis or only AC electrolysis was performed, and a ReW wire with a diameter of 1.0 mm was obtained by the second wire drawing. Comparative Examples 5 and 6: ReW wires with a diameter of 1.0 mm were obtained without electrolysis.
- ReW wire 1 kg was used as a wire.
- Samples for surface roughness measurement were taken from both ends of the wire and boiled in a 25% concentration caustic soda solution for 5 minutes to remove the oxide layer.
- a laser microscope VK-X1100 manufactured by Keyence was used for the surface shape.
- the wires after sampling were drawn to a diameter of 0.08 mm.
- the wire diameter variation for a diameter of 0.08 mm was evaluated for the completed ReW wires.
- the wire diameter was measured using a laser wire diameter measuring machine (Mitutoyo Laser Scan Micrometer) at a measurement interval of 0.01 seconds, a minimum display amount of 0.01 ⁇ m, and a wire speed of 100 m/min.
- the yield of wire diameter variation of 1.0% or less (range: 0.0008 mm) and 0.5% or less (range: 0.0004 mm) was calculated as a length ratio.
- Table 1 shows the results. As can be seen from the table, the ReW wire according to the embodiment can greatly suppress the wire diameter variation, and can greatly improve the yield in probe pin processing.
- X-X cross section perpendicular to the wire drawing direction of the W wire sample for wire drawing (radial cross section), B... places classified as peaks, B(n)... number of peaks, Bp... one peak of peaks, E... area (projected area) where peaks exist, r... radius of curvature of peak Bp, F0... projected area of F1, F1... surface area of contour plane.
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Abstract
Description
実施例1:前記第1の伸線加工後、DC電解,AC電解を順列で繰り返し行い、第2の伸線加工にて直径1.0mmのReW線とした。
実施例2:前記第1の伸線加工後、DC電解し、バーナー加熱により表面が金色色調を呈するような酸化膜を付与し、AC電解し、第2の伸線加工にて直径1.0mmのReW線とした。
実施例3~5:前記第1の伸線加工後、DC電解,AC電解を各1回行い、第2の伸線加工にて直径1.0mmのReW線とした。
比較例1~4:前記第1の伸線加工後、DC電解のみ、もしくはAC電解のみを行い、第2の伸線加工にて直径1.0mmのReW線とした。
比較例5~6:電解は行わず、直径1.0mmのReW線とした。
Claims (12)
- レニウムを含有するタングステン合金からなるタングステン線であって、面粗さパラメーターの、山の頂点密度(Spd)が、7000以上11000以下である、タングステン線。
- 前記Spdは8000以上9000以下である、請求項1に記載のタングステン線。
- レニウムを含有するタングステン合金からなるタングステン線であって、面粗さパラメーターの、界面の展開面積比(Sdr)が、0.16以下である、請求項1ないし2いずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- レニウムを含有するタングステン合金からなるタングステン線であって、面粗さパラメーターの、山頂点の算術平均曲(Spc)が、300以上500以下である、請求項1ないし3いずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- レニウムを含有するタングステン合金からなるタングステン線であって、面粗さパラメーターの、二乗平均平方根傾斜(Sdq)が、0.60以下である、請求項1ないし4いずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- 前記レニウムの含有量が1wt%以上30wt%未満である、請求項1ないし5いずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- 前記レニウムの含有量が2wt%以上28wt%以下である、請求項1ないし6いずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- 前記タングステン合金はカリウム(K)含有量が30wtppm以上90wtppm以下である、請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- 前記タングステン線の直径が0.3mm以上1.0mm以下である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
- 請求項1ないし請求項9のいずれか1項に記載のタングステン線を用いて伸線加工を行う、タングステン線加工方法。
- 請求項10に記載のタングステン線加工方法における伸線加工を行ったタングステン線を用いた、電解線。
- 伸線加工用である、請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載のタングステン線。
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JP2023517150A JPWO2022230455A1 (ja) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | |
EP22795375.9A EP4331741A1 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | Tungsten wire, tungsten wire processing method using same, and electrolysis wire |
CN202280031105.6A CN117337218A (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | 钨线和使用其的钨线加工方法以及电解线 |
US18/492,929 US20240052461A1 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2023-10-24 | Tungsten wire, and tungsten wire processing method and electrolytic wire using the same |
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Citations (5)
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JP2001312952A (ja) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-09 | Toshiba Corp | タングステン線およびその製造方法 |
WO2010100808A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-10 | 株式会社東芝 | レニウムタングステン線、その製造方法およびそれを用いた医療用針 |
JP5578852B2 (ja) | 2007-11-21 | 2014-08-27 | 株式会社東芝 | タングステンワイヤの製造方法 |
JP2019131841A (ja) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 金属線及びソーワイヤー |
US20200149137A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-05-14 | Mirus Llc | Tungsten and Rhenium Alloy For Medical Device |
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2022
- 2022-03-22 EP EP22795375.9A patent/EP4331741A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-22 CN CN202280031105.6A patent/CN117337218A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-22 JP JP2023517150A patent/JPWO2022230455A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-22 WO PCT/JP2022/013189 patent/WO2022230455A1/ja active Application Filing
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2023
- 2023-10-24 US US18/492,929 patent/US20240052461A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2001312952A (ja) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-09 | Toshiba Corp | タングステン線およびその製造方法 |
JP5578852B2 (ja) | 2007-11-21 | 2014-08-27 | 株式会社東芝 | タングステンワイヤの製造方法 |
WO2010100808A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-10 | 株式会社東芝 | レニウムタングステン線、その製造方法およびそれを用いた医療用針 |
US20200149137A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-05-14 | Mirus Llc | Tungsten and Rhenium Alloy For Medical Device |
JP2019131841A (ja) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 金属線及びソーワイヤー |
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US20240052461A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
EP4331741A1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
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