WO2022227658A1 - Coupled planting and breeding method for rice fields, crayfish, and pond loaches - Google Patents

Abstract

A coupled planting and breeding method for rice fields, crayfish and pond loaches. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a field, wherein a ditch is arranged at the periphery of the field, while a crayfish A region, a pond loach region and a crayfish B region are arranged in the field; providing a plurality of shrimp trenches in the crayfish A region and the crayfish B region; providing a plurality of mud holes in the pond loach region; planting rice seedlings in the crayfish A region, the pond loach region and the crayfish B region respectively, applying a fertilizer I after 3-7 days, dispensing pond loach fries 25-35 days after the rice seedlings are planted; dispensing crayfish hatchlings 40-45 days after the rice seedlings are planted; spraying a composite microbial agent every 25-35 days, the composite microbial agent being prepared from bacillus subtilis powder, trichosporon bacteria and lactobacillus powder, until a rice harvesting period is reached, then harvesting rice, and then harvesting the crayfish and the pond loaches. In the planting and breeding method, the growth of crayfish, pond loaches and rice can be promoted, and the yield can be significantly increased while increasing the size of the crayfish and pond loaches. The pond loaches and the crayfish are easy to capture, and the capture amount per mu thereof is significantly increased.

Description

A method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of rice field, crayfish and loach cultivation, in particular to a method for coupled cultivation of rice field, crayfish and loach.

Background technique

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a cereal crop of the genus Oryza. Rice is one of the important food crops in my country, especially in southern my country. Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is a crustacean, decapod, crayfish aquatic animal, which is widely popular because of its delicious meat. Loach (Oriental weatherfish), belonging to the loach family Loach, has tender meat, delicious taste and rich nutrition. The microorganisms and pests produced in the process of rice production are the food of crayfish, and the excrement of crayfish is the fertilizer of rice, which feeds back the growth of rice. The combination of rice and shrimp farming has improved economic income. CN111990303A discloses a method for cultivating Australian freshwater crayfish in paddy field, which improves the output of crayfish and rice to some extent, but is not suitable for the symbiosis of paddy field, crayfish and loach. CN201319781 discloses a new ecological paddy field with symbiosis between loach and rice, which is suitable for symbiosis between loach and rice, but is not conducive to the symbiosis of paddy field, crayfish and loach. CN106577078A discloses a rice-shrimp-loach coupling cultivation method and a paddy field comprehensive cultivation and cultivation mode, which improves the economic benefits of rice-fishing coupling cultivation. However, in the existing breeding mode, the reproductive effect of crayfish and loach is not good, and the disease resistance ability is not strong enough.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present application proposes a method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach, which mutually promotes the growth of crayfish, loach and rice, improves their disease resistance, significantly improves the reproductive ability of crayfish and loach, and simultaneously improves the growth of crayfish and loach. , rice yield.

The technical solution of the present application is achieved as follows: a method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach, comprising the following steps:

(1) Field treatment: select a field, the periphery of the field is provided with ditches, and the field is provided with a crayfish A area, a loach area and a crayfish B area; the loach area is located in the crayfish area Between the A area and the crayfish area B; the crayfish area A and the crayfish area B are both provided with several shrimp trenches for stocking crayfish; the loach area is provided with several mud holes for stocking loach; The planting field set up in the present application not only promotes the growth and reproduction of crayfish and loach, but also facilitates the absorption of nutrients by rice, and also facilitates the easy capture of loach and crayfish. Moreover, after the seedlings are planted, loach seedlings and crayfish are put in at certain intervals in turn, which is more conducive to the growth of rice and better promotes the growth of crayfish and loach.

(2) cultivation: plant seedlings in crayfish A district, loach district and crayfish B district respectively, apply 1 fertilizer after 3-7 days, and described 1 fertilizer comprises following parts by weight raw materials to make: 14-18 parts of potassium chloride , 23-25 parts of superphosphate, 25-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32-45 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation product; 25-35 days after planting seedlings, put loach seedlings to the loach area; 40-45 days after planting seedlings, put small Lobster fry to crayfish A area and crayfish B area; this application uses potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, ammonium sulfate combined with passion fruit husk fermented product, and the ratio is optimized to improve the disease resistance of rice, promote growth, and at the same time promote The growth of crayfish and loach can effectively improve the effect of planting and breeding.

(3) Management: spray the compound bacterial agent every 25-35 days, the compound bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichospora yeast, Lactobacillus powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.3:0.7-0.8, each time The spraying rate is 53-65kg/mu. When the rice is harvested, the crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested. The compound bacterial agent in a certain proportion of the present application can simultaneously improve the disease resistance of crayfish and loach, promote the growth of crayfish, loach and rice, and significantly increase the yield of crayfish, loach and rice. Moreover, the present application sets a certain spraying interval, preferably the amount of each spraying, to give full play to the efficacy of the compound bacterial agent.

Further, the crayfish A area is in the shape of a triangle, and the loach area and the crayfish A area together form a triangle.

Further, the preparation method of the passion fruit husk fermented product: take 100 parts by weight of passion fruit husks, pulverize, add 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of yeast powder to prepare, and ferment for 20 under the condition that the fermentation temperature is 30-32°C. -28h, the passion fruit husk fermentation product was obtained.

Further, the fertilization rate of described I fertilizer is 780-820kg/mu.

Further, the compound bacterial agent is mixed with 100-200 times the weight of water and then sprayed.

Further, the depth of the trench is 0.7-0.8 meters and the width is 0.8-1.2 meters.

Further, the depth of the shrimp trench is 20-25cm and the width is 10-15cm.

Further, the inner diameter of the hole of the mud cave is 5-10cm.

Further, described 1 fertilizer comprises the following parts by weight raw materials to make: 16 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 27 parts of ammonium sulfate, 38 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation products.

Further, the compound bacterial agent is prepared from Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichospora yeast and Lactobacillus powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.73.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

(1) Adopt the coupling cultivation method of paddy field, crayfish and loach of the present application to mutually promote the growth of crayfish, loach and rice, improve their disease resistance, significantly improve the reproductive capacity of crayfish and loach, and simultaneously improve the growth of crayfish, loach and rice Yield and quality; and using the planting and breeding fields set up in this application, loach and crayfish are easy to catch, and their per-mu catch is significantly increased.

(2) wherein, adopt the setting crayfish A area, loach area and crayfish B area that this application is set, not only mutually promote the growth and reproduction of crayfish and loach, but also help rice to absorb nutrients, also be convenient for loach, crayfish to be easy to capture, Significantly increase the size and catch of crayfish and loach, and increase the yield per mu of rice. Moreover, after the seedlings are planted, loach seedlings and crayfish are put in at certain intervals in turn, which is more conducive to the growth of rice and better promotes the growth of crayfish and loach. The application uses potassium chloride, superphosphate, ammonium sulfate combined with passion fruit husk fermented product, and the ratio is optimized to improve the disease resistance of rice, promote growth, promote the growth of crayfish and loach, and effectively improve the effect of planting and breeding. The compound bacterial agent in a certain proportion of the present application can simultaneously improve the disease resistance of crayfish and loach, promote the growth of crayfish, loach and rice, and significantly increase the yield of crayfish, loach and rice. Moreover, the present application sets a certain spraying interval, preferably the spraying amount each time, to give full play to the efficacy of the compound bacterial agent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the rice field, crayfish and loach coupled planting and breeding fields of the application;

In the picture: 1. Crayfish area A, 2. Loach area, 3. Crayfish area B, 4. Ditch.

Detailed ways

In order to better understand the technical content of the present application, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present application.

The experimental methods used in the examples of the present application are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

The materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples of the present application can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 Treatment of paddy field, crayfish and loach coupled cultivation field

As shown in Figure 1, a field is selected. The surrounding of the field is provided with a ditch 4 with a depth of 0.7-0.8 meters and a width of 0.8-1.2 meters; the field is provided with crayfish A area 1, loach area 2 and crayfish B area 3. The crayfish A area 1 is a small triangle, and the loach area 2 and the crayfish A area 1 together form a large triangle; the loach area 2 is located between the crayfish A area 1 and the crayfish B area 3 ; Described crayfish A area 1 and crayfish B area 3 are provided with a number of shrimp trenches that are 20-25cm in depth and 10-15cm in width, for stocking crayfish; The inner diameter is 5-10cm, which is used for stocking loach.

Example 2 Coupling cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach

(1) setting field according to embodiment 1;

(2) cultivation: plant seedlings in crayfish A district, loach district and crayfish B district respectively, apply 1 fertilizer after 5 days, and fertilization amount is 800kg/mu, and described 1 fertilizer comprises following weight portion raw material mixing and obtains: 16 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 27 parts of ammonium sulfate, 38 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation product, preparation of passion fruit husk fermentation product: take 100 parts by weight of passion fruit husk, pulverize, add 0.4 parts by weight of yeast Bacteria powder, under the condition of fermentation temperature of 30-32℃, fermented for 24h; after planting seedlings for 30 days, select the size of loach seedlings to be 3-4g/tail, and put 20kg of loach seedlings per mu into the loach area in the loach area; plant seedlings 42 After the day, choose crayfish size of 5-6g/tail, and put crayfish seedlings to crayfish A area and crayfish B area according to 20kg per mu;

(3) Management: 60kg/mu of compound bacterial agent is sprayed every 30 days. The compound bacterial agent is mixed with 150 times the weight of water and then sprayed. 1: 0.25: 0.73, until the rice harvest period, crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested.

Example 3 Coupling cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach

(1) setting field according to embodiment 1;

(2) cultivation: plant seedlings in crayfish A district, loach district and crayfish B district respectively, apply 1 fertilizer after 4 days, and fertilization amount is 780kg/mu, and described 1 fertilizer comprises following weight portion raw material mixing to make: 14 parts of potassium chloride, 23 parts of calcium superphosphate, 25 parts of ammonium sulfate, 45 parts of passion fruit husk fermented product, preparation of passion fruit husk fermented product: take 100 parts by weight of passion fruit husk, pulverize, add 0.3 part by weight of yeast Bacteria powder, under the condition of fermentation temperature of 30-32 ℃, fermented for 20h; after planting seedlings for 25 days, select the size of loach seedlings to be 3-4g/tail, and put 20kg of loach seedlings per mu into the loach area in the loach area; plant 40 After the day, choose crayfish size of 5-6g/tail, and put crayfish seedlings to crayfish A area and crayfish B area according to 20kg per mu;

(3) Management: spray 53kg/mu of compound bacterial agent every 25 days, and spray the compound bacterial agent after mixing with 100 times the weight of water. The mass ratio is 1:0.3:0.7, and when the rice is harvested, crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested.

Example 4 Coupling cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach

(1) setting field according to embodiment 1;

(2) cultivation: plant seedlings in crayfish A district, loach district and crayfish B district respectively, apply 1 fertilizer after 6 days, and fertilization amount is 820kg/mu, and described 1 fertilizer comprises following weight portion raw material mixing to make: 18 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation product, preparation of passion fruit husk fermentation product: take 100 parts by weight of passion fruit husk, pulverize, add 0.5 part by weight of yeast Bacteria powder, under the condition of fermentation temperature of 30-32°C, fermented for 28h; after planting seedlings for 35 days, select the size of loach seedlings to be 3-4g/tail, and put 20kg of loach seedlings per mu into the loach area in the loach area; plant 45 After the day, choose crayfish size of 5-6g/tail, and put crayfish seedlings to crayfish A area and crayfish B area according to 20kg per mu;

(3) Management: spray 65kg/mu of compound inoculum every 35 days, mix the compound inoculum with 200 times the weight of water and spray, and the compound inoculum is composed of Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichosporon, and Lactobacillus powder. The mass ratio is 1:0.2:0.8. When the rice is harvested, the crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested.

Comparative Example 1

The main difference from Example 2 is that a 1-mu field was selected, and the crayfish A area, the loach area and the crayfish B area were not set up according to Example 1, and the equal-density seedlings were directly planted in the field. After 30 days of planting the seedlings, the loach was selected. The seedling size is 3-4g/tail, and the loach seedlings are placed in the entire field according to 20kg per mu. After 42 days of planting seedlings, the crayfish size is 5-6g/tail, and the crayfish seedlings are placed in the entire field according to 20kg per mu.

Comparative Example 2

The main difference from Example 2 is that after planting the seedlings for 15 days, the specifications are consistent with Example 2, and the same amount of loach seedlings are to the loach area; after 30 days of planting seedlings, the specifications are consistent with Example 2, and the same amount of crayfish seedlings are to crayfish. Area A and Crayfish Area B.

Comparative Example 3

The main difference with Example 2 is that I fertilizer is replaced by II fertilizer, and II fertilizer includes the following parts by weight raw materials to make: 16 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of calcium superphosphate, 27 parts of ammonium sulfate, 5 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation products .

Comparative Example 4

The main difference from Example 2 is that the compound bacterial agent is prepared from Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichospora yeast and Lactobacillus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

Comparative Example 5

The main difference from Example 2 is that the compound inoculum is sprayed every 20 days, and the amount of each spray of the compound inoculum is 40kg/mu.

Test example

According to the planting and breeding method of above-mentioned embodiment 2-4 and comparative example 1-5 respectively, carry out planting and breeding experiment in the farmland of Beidatanxi Village, Tangbei Village, Jinjiang Town, Chengmai County, Hainan Province, each test example field is 1 mu, according to The seedlings are planted in the conventional method, and the seedling density is the same. When the rice is harvested, the crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested. The cultivation of crayfish, loach, and rice were recorded separately, and the dry grain yield of rice, the catch of crayfish and loach, and their specifications were counted. The results are as follows:

The yield per mu of dry rice, crayfish and loach catches are as follows in Table 1:

	Rice dry grain yield per mu (kg)	Loach catch per mu (kg)	Catch of crayfish per mu (kg)
Example 2	643.51	265.63	215.63
Example 3	628.09	256.06	207.88
Example 4	619.62	259.36	210.62
Comparative Example 1	561.25	235.13	182.18
Comparative Example 2	591.42	243.15	189.48
Comparative Example 3	584.22	247.07	204.10
Comparative Example 4	593.31	241.52	186.49
Comparative Example 5	598.71	248.03	192.70

The above results show that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, the coupled cultivation method of paddy field, crayfish and loach of the present application promotes mutual growth, significantly improves the yield of crayfish, loach and rice, and the loach and crayfish are easy to catch, The catch per mu has increased significantly.

The average specifications of crayfish and loach are as follows in Table 2:

	Average size of loach (g/tail)	Average size of crayfish (g/tail)
Example 2	55.6	51.2
Example 3	54.2	50.8
Example 4	54.8	50.4
Comparative Example 1	50.1	47.6
Comparative Example 2	51.9	48.7
Comparative Example 3	53.3	50.1
Comparative Example 4	51.6	48.4
Comparative Example 5	52.9	49.2

The above results show that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, the coupled cultivation method of paddy field, crayfish and loach of the present application can promote the growth of crayfish and loach, and significantly improve the size of crayfish and loach.

Among them, in Comparative Example 1, the crayfish A area, the loach area and the crayfish B area were not set up according to the present application, and the size and yield of the crayfish and loach decreased significantly, and the rice yield also decreased significantly. Comparative Example 2 After planting seedlings, loach seedlings and crayfish were put in quickly, and the effect of planting and breeding was also significantly reduced, which was not conducive to mutual promotion of growth. The crayfish A area, the loach area and the crayfish area B set by the application not only promote the growth and reproduction of the crayfish and the loach, but also facilitate the absorption of nutrients by the rice, and also facilitate the easy capture of the loach and the crayfish. The size and catch of loach, and increase the yield of rice per mu. Moreover, after the seedlings are planted, loach seedlings and crayfish are put in at certain intervals, which is more conducive to the growth of rice, and also better promotes the growth of crayfish and loach.

Comparative example 3 did not adopt the I fertilizer of the application proportioning, and the output of crayfish, loach and rice all declined to some extent. The application uses potassium chloride, superphosphate, ammonium sulfate combined with passion fruit husk fermented product, and the ratio is optimized to improve the disease resistance of rice, promote growth, and at the same time promote the growth of crayfish and loach, and effectively improve the effect of planting and breeding.

Comparative Example 4 did not use the compound inoculum in the proportion of the present application, the yields of crayfish, loach and rice all decreased significantly, and the specifications of crayfish and loach also decreased. In Comparative Example 5, the time for two spraying of the compound bacterial agent was shorter, and the amount of each spraying was reduced, and the effect was also significantly reduced. The compound bacterial agent of certain proportion of the application is adopted to simultaneously improve the disease resistance of crayfish and loach, promote the growth of crayfish, loach and rice, and the yields of crayfish, loach and rice are all significantly improved. Moreover, the present application sets a certain spraying interval, preferably the spraying amount each time, to give full play to the efficacy of the compound bacterial agent.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the present application. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

   (1) Field treatment: select a field, the periphery of the field is provided with ditches, and the field is provided with a crayfish A area, a loach area and a crayfish B area; the loach area is located in the crayfish area Between the A area and the crayfish area B; the crayfish area A and the crayfish area B are both provided with several shrimp trenches for stocking crayfish; the loach area is provided with several mud holes for stocking loach;

   (2) cultivation: plant seedlings in crayfish A district, loach district and crayfish B district respectively, apply 1 fertilizer after 3-7 days, and described 1 fertilizer comprises following parts by weight raw materials to make: 14-18 parts of potassium chloride , 23-25 parts of superphosphate, 25-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32-45 parts of passion fruit husk fermentation product; 25-35 days after planting seedlings, put loach seedlings to the loach area; 40-45 days after planting seedlings, put small Lobster fry to crayfish A area and crayfish B area;

   (3) Management: spray the compound bacterial agent every 25-35 days, the compound bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichospora yeast, Lactobacillus powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.3:0.7-0.8, each time The spraying rate is 53-65kg/mu. When the rice is harvested, the crayfish and loach are harvested after the rice is harvested.
2. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 1, characterized in that, the crayfish area A is in the shape of a triangle, and the loach area and the crayfish area A together form a triangle.
3. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the preparation method of the passion fruit husk fermentation product: take 100 parts by weight of passion fruit husk, pulverize, add 0.3-0.5 The yeast powder is prepared in parts by weight, and the fermentation temperature is 30-32° C. for 20-28 hours to obtain a passion fruit husk fermented product.
4. paddy field, crayfish and loach coupling cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the fertilization amount of described 1 fertilizer is 780-820kg/mu.
5. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 4, wherein the compound bacterial agent is mixed with 100-200 times the weight of water and then sprayed.
6. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 2, wherein the depth of the ditch is 0.7-0.8 meters and the width is 0.8-1.2 meters.
7. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 6, wherein the shrimp trench has a depth of 20-25cm and a width of 10-15cm.
8. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 7, wherein the inner diameter of the hole of the mud cave is 5-10cm.
9. paddy field, crayfish and loach coupling cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described 1 fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight to make: 16 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of superphosphate, 27 parts of ammonium sulfate , Passion fruit husk fermented product 38 parts.
10. The method for coupled cultivation of paddy field, crayfish and loach according to claim 9, wherein the compound bacterial agent is prepared from Bacillus subtilis powder, Trichospora and Lactobacillus powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.25:0.73 have to.

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