WO2022227650A1 - 电池壳和电池 - Google Patents

电池壳和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227650A1
WO2022227650A1 PCT/CN2021/141447 CN2021141447W WO2022227650A1 WO 2022227650 A1 WO2022227650 A1 WO 2022227650A1 CN 2021141447 W CN2021141447 W CN 2021141447W WO 2022227650 A1 WO2022227650 A1 WO 2022227650A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating
contact layer
battery case
layer
welding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/141447
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张丰学
夏祖见
Original Assignee
国研新能(深圳)技术有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 国研新能(深圳)技术有限公司 filed Critical 国研新能(深圳)技术有限公司
Priority to JP2023566884A priority Critical patent/JP2024516433A/ja
Priority to EP21939109.1A priority patent/EP4333169A1/en
Priority to KR1020237037297A priority patent/KR20230163522A/ko
Publication of WO2022227650A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227650A1/zh
Priority to US18/497,773 priority patent/US20240063519A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0422—Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
    • H01M10/0427—Button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/153—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for button or coin cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/157—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/159—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/16—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/171—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids using adhesives or sealing agents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/193—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery case and a battery.
  • the battery case is formed by splicing a positive electrode case and a negative electrode case, and insulation between the positive electrode case and the negative electrode case is required to avoid short circuit of the button battery;
  • An insulating film is provided to achieve insulation, and the positive electrode case and the negative electrode case are welded and fixed. During the processing, it is difficult to set the insulating film, which makes the processing of the button battery more difficult and reduces the processing efficiency.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery case for a button battery, aiming at solving the technical problem of how to improve the processing efficiency of the battery.
  • the battery case proposed by the present invention includes a cup-shaped bottom case and a cover for sealing the opening of the bottom case;
  • the bottom shell includes a circular or oval bottom wall and an annular side wall;
  • the cover sequentially includes an outer contact layer, an insulating layer and an inner contact layer from outside to inside;
  • the maximum outer diameter D1 of the outer contact layer is greater than the maximum outer diameter D2 of the inner contact layer
  • the inner contact layer includes an outer electrical connection part, an electrode connection part and a conductive adhesive part
  • the insulating layer includes an insulating bonding portion and an insulating opening portion
  • the outer contact layer includes a welding part, a welding bonding part and a welding opening part;
  • the side wall is provided with a welding support part near the opening;
  • the electrode connecting portion is located on the side of the inner contact layer facing the inside of the battery case, and is used for electrical connection with one of the electrodes of the battery core, so that the inner contact layer and the battery core are electrically connected;
  • the external electrical connection part is used for electrically connecting external equipment through the insulating opening part and the welding opening part;
  • the conductive bonding portion is used for seamless bonding with the insulating bonding portion, enhancing the strength of the cover, reducing the direct contact area between the insulating bonding portion and the interior of the battery case, and preventing the penetration of external water. inside the battery case;
  • the welding part is used for welding connection with the welding support part, so that the cover and the bottom case are sealed;
  • the welding and bonding portion is used to strengthen the strength of the cover and prevent external water from penetrating into the interior of the battery case;
  • the insulating adhesive part Before the cover is sealed with the bottom case, after the insulating adhesive part is melted by an insulating anti-corrosion material with a thermal shrinkage rate of 6% or less at 100° C. or more, the insulating adhesive part is melted with the conductive adhesive part.
  • the welding bonding part is seamlessly bonded, and the bonding strength between the conductive bonding part and the welding bonding part is greater than or equal to 1.0N per square millimeter under cooling and normal temperature.
  • the material of the outer contact layer is stainless steel, the thickness d4 of the outer contact layer is 0.1 mm-0.25 mm; and/or the material of the inner contact layer is stainless steel, and the thickness of the inner contact layer is d5 is 0.1mm-0.25mm.
  • the material of the insulating layer is one or more of PP, PFA, PVDF, PTFE, ETFE and PVC.
  • the adhesive strength between the insulating adhesive part and the conductive adhesive part and the welding adhesive part is less than or equal to 5.0 N/mm under normal cooling temperature.
  • a first bonding enhancement layer is provided on the first surface layer of the conductive bonding portion close to the insulating bonding portion, for enhancing the bonding strength with the insulating bonding portion; and/or A second bonding enhancement layer is arranged on the second surface layer of the welding bonding part close to the insulating bonding part, which is used to strengthen the bonding strength with the insulating bonding part.
  • the external electrical connection portion is located at the bottom of the insulating opening portion and the welding opening portion.
  • the outer electrical connection portion protrudes toward the outside of the battery case, and passes through the insulating opening portion and the welding opening portion in sequence, and the diameter D6 of the outer electrical connection portion is less than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the inner contact layer. half of diameter D2.
  • the battery case further includes a protection member, and the protection member is provided on the outer electrical connection portion, the insulating opening portion and the welding opening after the cover is sealed with the bottom case.
  • the gap between the parts is filled with liquid glue formed by curing at room temperature.
  • the present invention also provides a battery, comprising a battery cell and the above-mentioned battery case, wherein one pole of the battery cell is electrically connected with the outer contact layer of the battery case, and the other pole is in contact with the inner contact layer of the battery case
  • the layers and/or the bottom case are electrically connected.
  • the battery case is divided into a bottom case and a cover, and the cover is divided into an outer contact layer, an insulating layer and an inner contact layer, wherein the electrode connection part of the inner contact layer is electrically connected to one pole of the battery core, and the battery core
  • the other pole of the battery will be electrically connected to the bottom case, and the packaging of the cell can be realized after the outer contact layer and the bottom case are welded.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural exploded view of an embodiment of a battery case of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional exploded view of an embodiment of a battery case of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a battery case of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a cover according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural exploded view of another embodiment of the battery case of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional exploded view of another embodiment of the battery case of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the battery case of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural exploded view of another embodiment of the battery case of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a battery case for a button battery.
  • the battery case includes a cup-shaped bottom case 10 and a cover 20 for sealing the opening of the bottom case 10 ;
  • the bottom case 10 includes a circular Or an oval bottom wall 11 and an annular side wall 12;
  • the cover 20 sequentially includes an outer contact layer 21, an insulating layer 22 and an inner contact layer 23 from the outside to the inside; the maximum outer diameter D1 of the outer contact layer 21 Greater than the maximum outer diameter D2 of the inner contact layer 23;
  • the inner contact layer 23 includes an outer electrical connection part 231, an electrode connection part 232 and a conductive bonding part 233;
  • the insulating layer 22 includes an insulating bonding part 221 and an insulating opening.
  • the outer contact layer 21 includes a welding part 211, a welding bonding part 212 and a welding opening part 213; the side wall 12 is provided with a welding support part 121 near the opening; the electrode connecting part 232 is located at the
  • the inner contact layer 23 faces the inner side of the battery shell and is used for electrical connection with one of the electrodes of the battery core 40, so that the inner contact layer 23 and the battery core 40 are electrically connected;
  • the outer electrical connection part 231 is used to electrically connect external equipment through the insulating opening portion 222 and the welding opening portion 213;
  • the conductive bonding portion 233 is used for seamless bonding with the insulating bonding portion 221 to strengthen the sealing
  • the strength of the cover 20 is reduced, the direct contact area between the insulating adhesive portion 221 and the interior of the battery case is reduced, and external water is prevented from penetrating into the interior of the battery case;
  • the welding portion 211 is used for welding connection with the welding support portion 121 , so that the cover 20 and the bottom case
  • the insulating adhesive portion 221 is melted by an insulating material with a thermal shrinkage rate of 6% or less at 100° C. or less, and is connected to the conductive material.
  • the bonding portion 233 and the welding bonding portion 212 are seamlessly bonded, and the bonding strength between the conductive bonding portion 233 and the welding bonding portion 212 is greater than or equal to 1.0N per unit under cooling and normal temperature.
  • d3 can be 0.01mm, 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm and 2.5mm are specifically designed.
  • the preferred thickness d3 is 0.15mm-0.25mm.
  • the insulating adhesive portion 221 and the insulating layer 22 are integrally formed.
  • the battery case of the present application is sealed by welding, which greatly improves the sealing performance and stability, instead of relying on the physical force extrusion between the cases for sealing,
  • the cover 20 is prepared in advance, the insulating adhesive portion 221 is used for insulation, which can improve the insulation, and at the same time, can play a protective role under certain conditions.
  • the cover 20 of the battery case of the present application adopts a three-layer structure, and the stability and reliability of the structure are enhanced.
  • the insulating bonding portion 221 Since the insulating bonding portion 221 is located between the two layers of stainless steel, its waterproof and anti-corrosion properties of electrolyte are both It is very strong, and the contact area between the insulating adhesive part 221 and the outside of the battery case is small, which can effectively prevent external moisture from entering the battery case.
  • the path length is relatively long, which further avoids the influence of external moisture on the cells and electrolyte inside the battery case.
  • only the inner edge of the insulating adhesive part 221 can be connected to the inside of the battery case.
  • the path of the insulating adhesive portion 221 from the inside of the battery case to the outside of the battery case is also longer, which can further improve the service life of the battery.
  • the bottom case 10 can be made of stainless steel plate, and the opening of the bottom case 10 faces upwards to accommodate the battery core 40 and the electrolyte; wherein, the bottom wall 11 and the side wall 12 can be integrally injection-molded or fixed by welding. make restrictions.
  • the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 of the cover 20 can be made of stainless steel plates, wherein the electrode connecting portion 232 of the inner contact layer 23 faces the inside of the battery case for connecting with one of the electrodes of the battery core 40; The layer 21 is connected to the other electrode of the cell 40 by being connected to the bottom case 10 .
  • the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 are insulated from each other, so that the bottom case 10 and the cover 20 can be insulated from each other to prevent the cell 40 from being damaged.
  • the two electrodes are connected to each other, so that the cover 20 and the bottom wall 11 of the bottom case 10 can respectively form two output electrodes of the battery, and the two output electrodes can be prevented from being connected to each other and short-circuited.
  • the external electrical connection portion 231 will face the outside of the cover 20 through the insulating opening portion 222 and the conductive opening portion, so as to be electrically connected to external devices.
  • the external electrical connection part 231 can be located at the bottom of the insulating opening part 222 and the welding opening part 213; it can also protrude toward the outside of the battery case, and pass through the insulating opening part 222 and the welding opening part 213 in sequence, There is no limitation here, as long as the external electrical connection portion 231 can be exposed to the cover 20 .
  • the casing of the current button battery adopts the upper and lower casings, with a plastic insulating ring in the middle.
  • the side wall of the battery casing it has a three-layer structure. It can only be one layer, and in the case of the same size case, the battery case of the present application increases the available space inside, which is beneficial to increase the capacity of the entire battery.
  • the welding portion 211 is the position where the outer contact layer 21 is used for welding with the welding support portion 121 , and the welding portion 211 is provided on the peripheral wall of the outer contact layer 21 .
  • the maximum outer diameter D1 of the outer contact layer 21 is greater than the maximum outer diameter D2 of the inner contact layer 23, that is, the welding portion 211 will protrude from the peripheral wall of the inner contact layer 23 in the radial direction, so that the peripheral wall of the inner contact layer 23 and the welding support portion A space is formed between 121 to avoid contact between the outer contact layer 21 and the sidewall 12 .
  • the welding opening portion 213 is the position where the outside contacts the opening hole, and the welding bonding portion 212 is used for bonding with the insulating layer 22 .
  • the welding portion 211 is welded with the side wall 12 , which can not only realize the mutual fixation of the cover 20 and the bottom case 10 , but also realize the electrical conduction between the outer contact layer 21 and the side wall 12 .
  • the insulating openings 222 of the insulating layer 22 correspond to the welding openings 213 of the outer contact layer 21 , so that the outer electrical connecting parts 231 of the inner contact 23 can face the outside of the battery case through the insulating openings 222 and the welding openings 213 .
  • the insulating opening portion 222 and the welding opening portion 213 can be opened in the middle of the cover 20 , so that the external electrical connection portion 231 can maintain a sufficient distance from each position of the side wall 12 .
  • the electrodes of the cells 40 may directly contact the electrode connecting portions 232 of the inner contact layer 23 .
  • the top surface and the bottom surface of the insulating bonding portion 221 are respectively bonded to the conductive bonding portion 233 and the solder bonding portion 212 to realize the insulating connection between the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 .
  • the outer contact layer 21 and the side wall 12 are welded and sealed, and the inner contact layer 23 and the outer contact layer 21 are seamlessly bonded by the insulating layer 22 , so that the cover 20 can seal the bottom case 10 .
  • the outer contact layer 21 and the side wall 12 are soldered, the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 have been insulated in advance, so there is no need to provide an additional insulating film.
  • the insulating layer 22 is made of a material with insulating properties and anti-electrolyte corrosion, and its thermal shrinkage rate is less than 6% when it is greater than or equal to 100°C, and the thermal shrinkage rate refers to the thermoplastic material due to its inherent thermal expansion rate. That is to say, when the temperature is greater than or equal to 100°C, the volume change of the insulating layer 22 does not exceed 6% of the original volume, so that the insulating layer 22 can be fully melted and the inner contact layer 23 and the outer contact layer 21. connection to ensure the bonding effect.
  • the adhesive strength between the insulating layer 22 and the conductive bonding part 233 and the welding bonding part 212 at the cooling and normal temperature is greater than or equal to 1.0N per square millimeter, which can ensure that the insulating layer 22 and the inner contact layer 23 and the outer contact layer 21 Specifically, the bonding strength between the insulating bonding portion 221 and the conductive bonding portion 233 and the welding bonding portion 212 under cooling and normal temperature is less than or equal to 5.0N/mm2, In order to prevent the internal stress of the cover 20 from being too high, the cover 20 can be prevented from being damaged due to internal force during subsequent processing or use.
  • the thickness d3 of the insulating bonding portion 221 is set to 0.01mm-2.5mm, so that the insulating bonding portion 221 can stably withstand the change of temperature or external force, so as to improve the bonding stability of the insulating bonding portion 221, and at the same time, it can be reasonably controlled
  • the overall thickness dimension of the cover 20 is set to 0.01mm-2.5mm, so that the insulating bonding portion 221 can stably withstand the change of temperature or external force, so as to improve the bonding stability of the insulating bonding portion 221, and at the same time, it can be reasonably controlled.
  • the area 221 exposed to the electrolyte is the area of the outer peripheral wall of the insulating layer 22 .
  • the connection area between the insulating adhesive part 221 and the conductive adhesive part 233 can be effectively increased, so as to reduce the corrosion of the insulating layer 22 by the electrolyte.
  • the adhesion stability between the insulating layer 22 and the inner contact layer 23 is improved.
  • the battery case is divided into a bottom case 10 and a cover 20, and the cover 20 is divided into an outer contact layer 21, an insulating layer 22 and an inner contact layer 23, wherein the electrode connection portion 232 of the inner contact layer 23 is connected to the electrical One pole of the core 40 is electrically connected, and the other pole of the battery core 40 is electrically connected to the bottom case 10.
  • the packaging of the battery core 40 can be realized.
  • the contact layer 21 is insulated by the insulating layer 22, so the bottom case 10 is also insulated from the inner contact layer 23, thereby preventing the two electrodes of the battery core 40 from conducting short circuit with each other; 21 has been pre-insulated, so when the cover 20 is encapsulated in the bottom case 10, only the outer contact layer 21 and the bottom case 10 need to be welded, and there is no need to set an insulating film, which can simplify the packaging process of the battery and improve the packaging efficiency;
  • the material of the outer contact layer 21 is stainless steel, and the thickness d4 of the outer contact layer 21 is 0.1 mm-0.25 mm; and/or the material of the inner contact layer 23 is stainless steel, and the inner contact layer 21 is made of stainless steel.
  • the thickness d5 of 23 is 0.1mm-0.25mm.
  • d4 and d6 can be 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm mm specific design.
  • Stainless steel can be 304 stainless steel, which contains high nickel and austenite single-phase structure at room temperature, has high corrosion resistance, good cold work forming and weldability, and has low temperature, room temperature and high temperature. High plasticity and toughness. Setting the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 to be SUS304 can ensure the structural stability of the cover 20 during processing and the chemical stability when used as a battery case.
  • the thickness d4 of the outer contact layer 21 and the thickness d5 of the inner contact layer 23 are set to 0.1mm-0.25mm, which can not only make the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 have sufficient structural strength, but also can reasonably control the thickness of the cover 20.
  • the insulating layer 22 is made of PP (polypropylene), PFA (copolymer of a small amount of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PTFE One or more of (polytetrafluoroethylene), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
  • the size of the insulating opening portion 222 can be reasonably controlled, so as to effectively control the area of the outer electrical connection portion 231 and improve the area utilization rate of the inner contact layer 23 .
  • the first surface layer of the conductive adhesive portion 233 close to the insulating adhesive portion 221 is provided with a first adhesive enhancement layer 234 for strengthening the adhesive bonding with the insulating adhesive portion 221 .
  • a second bonding enhancement layer 214 is provided on the second surface layer of the welding bonding portion 212 close to the insulating bonding portion 221 for strengthening the bonding strength with the insulating bonding portion 221. Adhesion strength between the joints 221 .
  • the specific form of the first bonding enhancement layer 234 is not limited, as long as the connection area with the insulating bonding portion 221 can be increased to strengthen the bonding strength.
  • the first adhesion-enhancing layer 234 may be configured as protrusions.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer 234 can be indirectly matched with the insulating layer 22 . , so as to further improve the bonding stability of the outer contact layer 21 , the insulating layer 22 and the inner contact layer 23 .
  • the first adhesion-enhancing layer 234 is the first surface layer of the first stainless steel layer close to the insulating adhesive portion 221 that is processed by sandblasting to form a uniform first rough surface and/or the second adhesion enhancement layer 214 is the second surface layer of the second stainless steel layer close to the insulating adhesive portion 221 by sandblasting to form a uniform second rough surface layer.
  • the uniformity in this embodiment does not mean absolute uniformity, but a natural uniform rough surface formed after the first surface layer is sandblasted.
  • the first rough surface layer can make the adhesion between each part of the first surface layer and the insulating adhesive part 221 more uniform, thereby avoiding stress concentration.
  • the second matte surface layer can also make the adhesion between each part of the second surface layer and the insulating adhesive portion 221 more uniform.
  • Forming the first adhesion enhancement layer 234 and the second adhesion enhancement layer 214 by sandblasting can simplify the processing methods of the first adhesion enhancement layer 234 and the second adhesion enhancement layer 214 to improve the processing efficiency.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer 234 is a first inclined sheet protruding from the first surface layer and having a certain inclination angle with the first surface layer, and the height of the first inclined sheet is less than The thickness of the insulating bonding portion 221
  • the second bonding enhancement layer 214 is a second inclined sheet protruding from the second surface layer and having a certain inclination angle with the second surface layer, the second inclined sheet
  • the height of the insulating adhesive portion 221 is smaller than the thickness of the insulating adhesive portion 221 , the first inclined sheet and the second inclined sheet are in opposite directions, and are alternately arranged with each other.
  • the number of the first inclined sheets is multiple and distributed on the first surface layer, and the melted adhesive insulating layer 22 can fill the space between two adjacent first inclined sheets to adhere to the side surfaces of the first inclined sheets .
  • the height of the first inclined sheet is the vertical distance between the end of the first inclined sheet and the first surface layer, and the height of the first inclined sheet is smaller than the thickness of the insulating adhesive portion 221, which can prevent the first inclined sheet from passing through the insulating adhesive portion 221 and being connected with each other.
  • the second stainless steel layer contacts. For the distribution mode and function of the second inclined sheet, reference may be made to the first inclined sheet.
  • the first inclined sheet and the second inclined sheet are arranged alternately with each other in the longitudinal direction, so that the first inclined sheet and the second inclined sheet after the insulating adhesive part 221 are inserted can be adjacent to each other, so that the insulating adhesive can be not reduced.
  • the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 can be closer to each other, so as to improve the structural strength of the cover 20 .
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer 234 is a first groove recessed in the first surface layer, and the recessed direction of the first groove is away from the direction of the insulating adhesive layer; and/or
  • the second adhesion enhancement layer 214 is a second groove recessed in the second surface layer, and the direction of the recess of the second groove is away from the direction of the insulating adhesive layer.
  • the number of the first grooves is multiple, the plurality of first grooves are distributed on the first surface layer, and the melted insulating adhesive portion 221 can be filled in the first grooves to increase the connection area with the first surface layer, thereby strengthening the Adhesion strength between the outer contact layer 21 and the insulating adhesive portion 221 .
  • the arrangement and functions of the second grooves can be referred to the first grooves, which will not be repeated here.
  • the external electrical connection portion 231 protrudes toward the outside of the battery case, and passes through the insulating opening portion 222 and the welding opening portion 213 in sequence.
  • the diameter D6 of the outer electrical connection portion 231 is less than or equal to half of the maximum outer diameter D2 of the inner contact layer 23 .
  • the external electrical connection portion 231 protrudes toward the outside of the battery case, which is more convenient for the electrical connection between the external device and the external electrical connection portion 231, so as to improve the convenience of use of the battery.
  • the diameter D6 of the outer electrical connection portion 231 is less than or equal to half of the maximum outer diameter D2 of the inner contact layer 23, so that the conductive bonding portion 233 has a sufficient area to bond with the insulating layer 22 to ensure bonding stability. It should be noted that there should be a sufficient distance between the protruding external electrical connecting portion 231 and the welding opening portion 213 of the external contact layer 21 to avoid contact between the external electrical connecting portion 231 and the welding bonding portion 212 when the battery case is squeezed.
  • the battery case further includes a protection member 30 .
  • the gaps between the insulating openings 222 and the welding openings 213 are filled with liquid glue and formed by curing at room temperature.
  • the gap between the outer electrical connection portion 231 , the insulating hole portion 222 and the welding hole portion 213 extends along the circumferential direction of the outer electrical connection portion 231 , and the protection member 30 is annularly installed in the gap.
  • the protection member 30 can not only cover the exposed part of the insulating adhesive part 221 , but also effectively isolate the outer electrical connection part 231 and the soldering adhesive part 212 , thereby preventing the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 from being electrically connected.
  • setting the protection member 30 to be formed by curing liquid glue can not only achieve the insulation between the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23, but also reduce the force and pressure of the outer contact layer 21 and the outer electrical connection portion 231 of the protection member 30, so as to reduce the pressure of the protection member 30.
  • the deformation of the outer contact layer 21 and the outer electrical connection portion 231 is avoided, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the battery case.
  • the insulating layer 22 may include a laminated first adhesive layer 223 , an anti-conduction layer 224 and a second adhesive layer 225 , wherein the first adhesive layer 223 contacts the external
  • the layer 21 is bonded to the anti-conduction layer 224, and the second adhesive layer 225 bonds the inner contact layer 23 to the anti-conduction layer 224, and the anti-conduction layer 224 can ensure that the outer contact layer 21 and the inner contact layer 23 are insulated from each other .
  • the first adhesive layer 223 and the second adhesive layer 225 only need to have adhesive properties, and the anti-conduction layer 224 only needs to have insulating properties, and the two properties of the insulating layer 22 are realized through different functional levels , the bonding performance and insulating performance of the corresponding level can be further strengthened, so as to improve the overall performance of the insulating layer 22 .
  • the present invention also proposes a battery, which includes a battery cell 40 and a battery case.
  • the specific structure of the battery case refers to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since this battery adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least the above-mentioned embodiments. All the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution will not be repeated here.
  • one pole of the battery cell 40 is electrically connected to the outer contact layer 21 of the battery case, and the other pole is electrically connected to the inner contact layer 23 of the battery case and/or the bottom case 10 .
  • the battery can be set as a button battery, and the button battery is mainly used in electronic products to provide electrical energy for the electronic products. Among them, the electronic products may be earphones, watches, etc., and use electronic products with lower voltages.

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  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种电池壳和电池，其中，将电池壳分为底壳和封盖，并将封盖分为外接触层、绝缘层和内接触层，其中，内接触层的电极连接部会与电芯的一极电导通，电芯的另一极会与底壳电导通，而外接触层与底壳焊接后可实现对电芯的封装，由于内接触层与外接触层通过绝缘层绝缘，因此底壳也会与内接触层绝缘，从而可防止电芯的两个电极相互导通短路；由于封盖的内接触层与外接触层已预先绝缘，因此在将封盖封装底壳时，只需焊接外接触层与底壳即可，无需再设置绝缘膜，由此可简化电池的封装过程，提高封装效率。

Description

电池壳和电池 技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术领域，特别涉及一种电池壳和电池。
背景技术
现有的纽扣电池，其电池壳由正极壳体和负极壳体拼接形成，正极壳体和负极壳体之间需要绝缘以避免纽扣电池短路；相关技术通过在正极壳体和负极壳体之间设置绝缘膜来实现绝缘，并将正极壳体与负极壳体焊接固定，在加工过程中，绝缘膜的设置难度较大，导致纽扣电池的加工难度较大，降低了加工效率。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种电池壳，用于纽扣电池，旨在解决如何提高电池加工效率的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的电池壳包括杯形的底壳和用于密封所述底壳的开口的封盖；
所述底壳包括圆形或者椭圆形的底壁和环形的侧壁；
所述封盖从外到内依次包括外接触层、绝缘层和内接触层；
所述外接触层的最大外径D1大于所述内接触层的最大外径D2；
所述内接触层包括外电连接部、电极连接部和导电粘接部；
所述绝缘层包括绝缘粘接部和绝缘开孔部；
所述外接触层包括焊接部、焊接粘接部和焊接开孔部；
所述侧壁靠近开口处设置有焊接支撑部；
所述电极连接部位于所述内接触层朝向所述电池壳内的一面，用于与电芯的其中一极电连接，以使所述内接触层与所述电芯形成电导通；
所述外电连接部用于通过所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部电连接外部设备；
所述导电粘接部用于与所述绝缘粘接部无缝粘接，加强所述封盖强度、减小所述绝缘粘接部与所述电池壳内部直接接触面积以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；
所述焊接部用于与所述焊接支撑部焊接连接，以使所述封盖与所述底壳完成密封；
所述焊接粘接部用于加强所述封盖强度以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；
所述封盖与所述底壳密封之前，所述绝缘粘接部由在大于等于100℃时热收缩率为6％以下的绝缘防电解液腐蚀的材料融化后，与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部进行无缝粘接，且在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部之间的粘接强度大于等于1.0N每平方毫米，所述绝缘粘接部的厚度d3为0.01mm-2.5mm，所述绝缘粘接部与所述电池壳内部接触面积S0满足S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2。
可选地，所述外接触层的材质为不锈钢，所述外接触层的厚度d4为0.1mm-0.25mm；和/或，所述内接触层的材质为不锈钢，所述内接触层的厚度d5为0.1mm-0.25mm。
可选地，所述绝缘层的材质为PP、PFA、PVDF、PTFE、ETFE和PVC中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述绝缘粘接部在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部之间的粘接强度小于等于5.0N/mm。
可选地，所述绝缘粘接部的面积S1与所述绝缘层的面积S2满足S1/S2>＝0.6；和/或，所述绝缘粘接部的面积S1与所述外接触层的面积S3满足S1/S2>＝0.5。
可选地，所述导电粘接部靠近所述绝缘粘接部的第一表层设置有第一粘接增强层，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部之间的粘结强度；和/或，所述焊接粘接部靠近所述绝缘粘接部的第二表层设置有第二粘接增强层，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部之间的粘接强度。
可选地，所述外电连接部位于所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部的底部。
可选地，所述外电连接部朝所述电池壳外部的方向凸出，并依次穿过绝缘开孔部和焊接开孔部，所述外电连接部的直径D6小于等于内接触层的最大 外径D2的一半。
可选地，所述电池壳还包括保护件，所述保护件由在所述封盖与所述底壳密封之后设置在所述外电连接部、所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部之间的间隙填充液体胶在常温下固化所形成。
本发明还提出一种电池，包括电芯和如上所述的电池壳，所述电芯的其中一极与所述电池壳的外接触层电连接，另外一极与所述电池壳的内接触层和/或底壳电连接。
本发明将电池壳分为底壳和封盖，并将封盖分为外接触层、绝缘层和内接触层，其中，内接触层的电极连接部会与电芯的一极电导通，电芯的另一极会与底壳电导通，而外接触层与底壳焊接后可实现对电芯的封装，由于内接触层与外接触层通过绝缘层绝缘，因此底壳也会与内接触层绝缘，从而可防止电芯的两个电极相互导通短路；由于封盖的内接触层与外接触层已预先绝缘，因此在将封盖封装底壳时，只需焊接外接触层与底壳即可，无需再设置绝缘膜，由此可简化电池的封装过程，提高封装效率；此外，将绝缘粘接部与电池壳内部的接触面积S0限定为S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2，可增大绝缘粘接部与内接触层和外接触层的粘接面积，从而提高粘接稳定性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明电池壳一实施例的结构爆炸图；
图2为本发明电池壳一实施例的剖面爆炸图；
图3为本发明电池壳一实施例的剖面示意图；
图4为本发明中封盖一实施例的剖面示意图；
图5为本发明电池壳另一实施例的结构爆炸图；
图6为本发明电池壳另一实施例的剖面爆炸图；
图7为本发明电池壳另一实施例的剖面示意图；
图8为本发明电池壳又一实施例的结构爆炸图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称 标号 名称
10 底壳 20 封盖 11 底壁
12 侧壁 21 外接触层 22 绝缘层
23 内接触层 231 外电连接部 232 电极连接部
233 导电粘接部 221 绝缘粘接部 222 绝缘开孔部
211 焊接部 212 焊接粘接部 213 焊接开孔部
121 焊接支撑部 234 第一粘接增强层 214 第二粘接增强层
30 保护件 40 电芯 223 第一粘接层
224 防导通层 225 第二粘接层    
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二” 的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义为，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B为例”，包括A方案，或B方案，或A和B同时满足的方案。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种电池壳，用于纽扣电池。
在本发明实施例中，如图1至图8所示，该电池壳包括杯形的底壳10和用于密封所述底壳10的开口的封盖20；所述底壳10包括圆形或者椭圆形的底壁11和环形的侧壁12；所述封盖20从外到内依次包括外接触层21、绝缘层22和内接触层23；所述外接触层21的最大外径D1大于所述内接触层23的最大外径D2；所述内接触层23包括外电连接部231、电极连接部232和导电粘接部233；所述绝缘层22包括绝缘粘接部221和绝缘开孔部222；所述外接触层21包括焊接部211、焊接粘接部212和焊接开孔部213；所述侧壁12靠近开口处设置有焊接支撑部121；所述电极连接部232位于所述内接触层23朝向所述电池壳内的一面，用于与电芯40的其中一极电连接，以使所述内接触层23与所述电芯40形成电导通；所述外电连接部231用于通过所述绝缘开孔部222和所述焊接开孔部213电连接外部设备；所述导电粘接部233用于与所述绝缘粘接部221无缝粘接，加强所述封盖20强度、减小所述绝缘粘接部221与所述电池壳内部直接接触面积以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；所述焊接部211用于与所述焊接支撑部121焊接连接，以使所述封盖20与所述底壳10完成密封；所述焊接粘接部212用于加强所述封盖20强度以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；
所述封盖20与所述底壳10密封之前，所述绝缘粘接部221由在大于等于100℃时热收缩率为6％以下的绝缘防电解液腐蚀的材料融化后，与所述导电粘接部233、所述焊接粘接部212进行无缝粘接，且在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部233、所述焊接粘接部212之间的粘接强度大于等于1.0N每平方毫米，所述绝缘粘接部221的厚度d3为0.01mm-2.5mm，所述绝缘粘接部221与所述电池壳内部接触面积S0满足S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2。具体的举例说明，d3可以为0.01mm、0.05mm、0.1mm、0.15mm、0.2mm、0.25mm、0.3mm、 0.35mm、0.5mm、1.0mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2.0mm、2.5mm具体设计，对于小型的扣式电池，优选的选择厚度d3为0.15mm-0.25mm，应该理解为具体的绝缘粘接部221的厚度可以根据具体的产品进行具体设计，优选的，绝缘粘接部221与绝缘层22为一体成型结构。
与现有技术相比，本申请的电池壳与传统的相比，密封采用焊接，这样很好的提高了密封性和稳定性，而不是依靠壳体之间的物理受力挤压进行密封，并且由于封盖20是提前做好的，通过绝缘粘接部221来进行绝缘，可以提高绝缘性，同时在一定条件下，可以起到保护作用。进一步，本申请的电池壳的封盖20采用了三层结构，其结构的稳定性和牢靠性加强，由于绝缘粘接部221处于两层不锈钢之间，其防水和防电解液腐蚀的性质都很强，绝缘粘接部221与电池壳外部接触面积很少，可以有效的防止外界的水分进入到电池壳内，同时在接触面积小的同时，绝缘粘接部221电池壳外部与电池壳内的路径长度比较长，这样进一步的避免了外界的水分等对电池壳内部电芯和电解液的影响；同理，对于电池壳内部来说，绝缘粘接部221仅仅内部边缘可与电池壳内的电解液接触，能有效的减少电解液与绝缘粘接部221的接触面积，能有效的对绝缘粘接部221进行保护，避免电解液对绝缘粘接部221的软化、腐蚀等影响，有效的提高电池的使用寿命，进一步，绝缘粘接部221从电池壳内部到电池壳外界的路径也较长，能够进一步提高电池的使用寿命。
底壳10可采用不锈钢板制成，底壳10的开口朝上，用以容纳电芯40和电解液；其中，底壁11和侧壁12可一体注塑成型，也可焊接固定，在此不做限制。封盖20的外接触层21和内接触层23可采用不锈钢板制成，其中，内接触层23的电极连接部232朝向电池壳内，用以与电芯40的其中一电极连接；外接触层21通过连接于底壳10来与电芯40的另一电极连接。由于外接触层21与内接触层23之间具有绝缘层22，因此，外接触层21与内接触层23相互绝缘，从而使底壳10和封盖20可相互绝缘，以防止电芯40的两个电极相互导通，由此，既可使封盖20和底壳10的底壁11分别形成电池的两个输出电极，又可避免两个输出电极相互导通而短路。可以理解，外电连接部231会通过绝缘开孔部222和导电开孔部朝向封盖20外部，以供外部设备电连接。外电连接部231可以位于绝缘开孔部222和焊接开孔部213的底部；也可以朝朝所述电池壳外部的方向凸出，并依次穿过绝缘开孔部222和焊接 开孔部213，在此不做限制，只需满足外电连接部231可外露于封盖20即可。
与现有技术相比，目前扣式电池的壳体采用上下壳体配合，中间为塑料绝缘圈，对于电池壳体侧壁而言，其具有三层结构，而本申请的电池壳侧壁12仅仅可以为一层，相同大小壳体的情况下，本申请的电池壳提高了内部可用的空间，有利于提高整个电池的容量。
焊接部211即外接触层21用于与焊接支撑部121焊接的位置，焊接部211设于外接触层21的周壁。外接触层21的最大外径D1大于内接触层23的最大外径D2，即焊接部211会沿径向凸出于内接触层23的周壁，以使内接触层23的周壁与焊接支撑部121之间形成间距，避免外接触层21与侧壁12接触。焊接开孔部213即外接触岑开孔的位置，焊接粘接部212用于与绝缘层22粘接。其中，焊接部211与侧壁12焊接，既可实现封盖20与底壳10的相互固定，又可实现外接触层21与侧壁12的电导通。绝缘层22的绝缘开孔部222与外接触层21的焊接开孔部213对应，从而内接触层23的外电连接部231可通过绝缘开孔部222和焊接开孔部213朝向电池壳外部。绝缘开孔部222和焊接开孔部213可开设于封盖20的中部，以使外电连接部231能与侧壁12各个位置均保持足够的间距。
电芯40的电极可以直接与内接触层23的电极连接部232接触。绝缘粘接部221的顶面和底面分别与导电粘接部233和焊接粘接部212粘固，以实现外接触层21与内接触层23的绝缘连接。外接触层21与侧壁12焊接密封，内接触层23与外接触层21通过绝缘层22无缝粘接，可实现封盖20对底壳10的封闭。其中，在焊接外接触层21与侧壁12时，外接触层21与内接触层23已预先实现绝缘连接，因此无需再另外设置绝缘膜。
绝缘层22采用具有绝缘性能和防电解液腐蚀的材料制成，其在大于等于100℃时的热收缩率为6％以下，热收缩率是指热塑性材料因其固有的热膨胀率而产生的体积变化，也就是说，在温度大于等于100℃时，绝缘层22的体积变化量不超过原体积的6％，由此可使绝缘层22充分融化后与内接触层23和外接触层21充分连接，以保证粘接效果。绝缘层22在冷却常温下与导电粘接部233、所述焊接粘接部212之间的粘接强度大于等于1.0N每平方毫米，可保证绝缘层22与内接触层23和外接触层21的粘接稳定性；具体地，所述绝缘粘接部221在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部233、所述焊接粘接部212之 间的粘接强度小于等于5.0N/平方毫米，以防止封盖20内部应力过高，从而可避免在后续的加工或使用过程中封盖20因内部作用力而破损。绝缘粘接部221的厚度d3设置为0.01mm-2.5mm，使得绝缘粘接部221能稳定承受温度或外部作用力的变化，以提高绝缘粘接部221的粘固稳定性，同时能合理控制封盖20的整体厚度尺寸。
所述绝缘粘接部221与所述电池壳内部接触面积S0满足S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2；需要说明，绝缘粘接部221与电池壳内部的接触面积就是绝缘粘接部221暴露于电解液的面积，也就是绝缘层22的外周壁面积。绝缘层22的外周壁面积S0＝π*d3*绝缘层22的最大外径，也就是说，绝缘层22的最大外径应满足大于等于D2*1/2，由此，在合理控制绝缘层22厚度，即合理控制绝缘粘接部221与电池壳内部接触面积的基础上，可有效增大绝缘粘接部221与导电粘接部233的连接面积，以在减少电解液对绝缘层22腐蚀面积的同时，提高绝缘层22与内接触层23的粘接稳定性。
本发明将电池壳分为底壳10和封盖20，并将封盖20分为外接触层21、绝缘层22和内接触层23，其中，内接触层23的电极连接部232会与电芯40的一极电导通，电芯40的另一极会与底壳10电导通，而外接触层21与底壳10焊接后可实现对电芯40的封装，由于内接触层23与外接触层21通过绝缘层22绝缘，因此底壳10也会与内接触层23绝缘，从而可防止电芯40的两个电极相互导通短路；由于封盖20的内接触层23与外接触层21已预先绝缘，因此在将封盖20封装底壳10时，只需焊接外接触层21与底壳10即可，无需再设置绝缘膜，由此可简化电池的封装过程，提高封装效率；此外，将绝缘粘接部221与电池壳内部的接触面积S0限定为S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2，可增大绝缘粘接部221与内接触层23和外接触层21的粘接面积，从而提高粘接稳定性。
具体地，所述外接触层21的材质为不锈钢，所述外接触层21的厚度d4为0.1mm-0.25mm；和/或，所述内接触层23的材质为不锈钢，所述内接触层23的厚度d5为0.1mm-0.25mm。具体的举例说明，d4和d6可以为0.1mm、0.15mm、0.2mm、0.25mm、0.3mm、0.35mm、0.5mm、1.0mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2.0mm、2.5mm具体设计。不锈钢可为304不锈钢，含有较高的镍且在室温下呈奥氏体单相组织，具有较高的耐蚀性，较好 的冷作成型和焊接性，在低温、室温及高温下均有较高的塑性和韧性。将外接触层21和内接触层23设置为SUS304，可保证封盖20在加工过程中的结构稳定性，以及作为电池壳体使用时的化学稳定性。
将外接触层21的厚度d4和内接触层23的厚度d5设置为0.1mm-0.25mm，既可使外接触层21和内接触层23具有足够的结构强度，又可合理控制封盖20的整体厚度尺寸。在实际应用中，所述绝缘层22的材质为PP(聚丙烯)、PFA(少量全氟丙基全氟乙烯基醚与聚四氟乙烯的共聚物)、PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)、PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)、ETFE(乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物)、PVC(聚氯乙烯)中的一种或多种。
在一实施例中，所述绝缘粘接部221的面积S1与所述绝缘层22的面积S2满足S1/S2>＝0.6；和/或，所述绝缘粘接部221的面积S1与所述外接触层21的面积S3满足S1/S2>＝0.5，由此，可有效保证绝缘层22与内接触层23的粘接面积，提高绝缘层22与外接触层21的连接稳定性；同时还能合理控制绝缘开孔部222的大小，以有效控制外电连接部231的面积，提高内接触层23的面积利用率。
在一实施例中，如图3所示，所述导电粘接部233靠近所述绝缘粘接部221的第一表层设置有第一粘接增强层234，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部221之间的粘结强度；和/或，所述焊接粘接部212靠近所述绝缘粘接部221的第二表层设置有第二粘接增强层214，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部221之间的粘接强度。第一粘接增强层234的具体形式不做限制，只需满足可增大与绝缘粘接部221的连接面积，以加强粘接强度即可。举例而言，第一粘接增强层234可设置为凸起。第二粘接增强层214的具体形式和作用可参考第一粘接增强层234，需要说明的是，第一粘接增强层234与第二粘接增强层214可隔着绝缘层22间接配合，以进一步提高外接触层21、绝缘层22和内接触层23三者的结合稳定性。
具体地，如图4所示，所述第一粘接增强层234为所述第一不锈钢层靠近所述绝缘粘接部221的第一表层通过喷砂进行处理，形成均匀的第一毛面层；和/或所述第二粘接增强层214为所述第二不锈钢层靠近所述绝缘粘接部221的第二表层通过喷砂进行处理，形成均匀的第二毛面层。可以理解，本实施例中的均匀并非指绝对均匀，而是第一表层经喷砂处理后形成的自然均匀 毛面。第一毛面层能使第一表层各个部位与绝缘粘接部221的粘附力更加均匀，从而避免应力集中。同样地，第二毛面层也能使第二表层各个部位与绝缘粘接部221的粘附力更加均匀。通过喷砂处理来形成第一粘接增强层234和第二粘接增强层214，可简化第一粘接增强层234和第二粘接增强层214的加工方式，以提高加工效率。
在另一实施例中，所述第一粘接增强层234为凸出所述第一表层并与所述第一表层具有一定倾斜角度的第一倾斜片，所述第一倾斜片的高度小于所述绝缘粘接部221的厚度，所述第二粘接增强层214为凸出所述第二表层并与所述第二表层具有一定倾斜角度的第二倾斜片，所述第二倾斜片的高度小于所述绝缘粘接部221的厚度，所述第一倾斜片与所述第二倾斜片倾斜方向相反，彼此相互交替设置。第一倾斜片的数量为多个并分布于第一表层，融化的粘接绝缘层22可填充于相邻两第一倾斜片之间的空间，以与各第一倾斜片的侧面粘附连接。第一倾斜片的高度即第一倾斜片末端与第一表层的垂直间距，第一倾斜片的高度小于绝缘粘接部221的厚度，可避免第一倾斜片穿过绝缘粘接部221后与第二不锈钢层接触。第二倾斜片的分布方式和作用可参考第一倾斜片。第一倾斜片和第二倾斜片在长度方向上彼此相互交替设置，可使插入绝缘粘接部221后的第一倾斜片和第二倾斜片能彼此相邻，从而可在不减少绝缘粘接部221厚度的基础上使外接触层21和内接触层23能更加靠近，以提高封盖20的结构强度。
在又一实施例中，所述第一粘接增强层234为凹陷所述第一表层的第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽的凹陷方向远离所述绝缘粘接层方向；和/或第二粘接增强层214为凹陷所述第二表层的第二凹槽，所述第二凹槽的凹陷方向远离所述绝缘粘接层方向。第一凹槽的数量为多个，多个第一凹槽分布于第一表层，融化的绝缘粘接部221能填充于第一凹槽中，以增加与第一表层的连接面积，从而加强外接触层21与绝缘粘接部221的粘接强度。第二凹槽的排布方式和作用可参考第一凹槽，在此不再赘述。
在一实施例中，如图5至图7所示，所述外电连接部231朝所述电池壳外部的方向凸出，并依次穿过绝缘开孔部222和焊接开孔部213，所述外电连接部231的直径D6小于等于内接触层23的最大外径D2的一半。外电连接部231朝电池壳外部的方向凸出，更便于外部设备与外电连接部231的电连 接，以提高电池的使用便利性。外电连接部231的直径D6小于等于内接触层23的最大外径D2的一半，可使导电粘接部233足有足够的面积来与绝缘层22粘接，以保证粘接稳定性。需要说明，凸出的外电连接部231与外接触层21的焊接开孔部213之间应具有足够的间距，以避免电池壳受挤压时外电连接部231与焊接粘接部212接触。
具体地，如图7所示，所述电池壳还包括保护件30，所述保护件30由在所述封盖20与所述底壳10密封之后设置在所述外电连接部231、所述绝缘开孔部222和所述焊接开孔部213之间的间隙填充液体胶在常温下固化所形成。外电连接部231、绝缘开孔部222和焊接开孔部213之间的间隙沿外电连接部231的周向延伸，保护件30呈环形安装于该间隙。保护件30既可以覆盖住绝缘粘接部221的外露部分，又可以有效隔离外电连接部231与焊接粘接部212，从而防止外接触层21与内接触层23形成电导通。可以理解，将保护件30设置为由液体胶固化形成，既可实现外接触层21与内接触层23绝缘，又可减少保护件30对外接触层21和外电连接部231的作用力压强，以避免外接触层21和外电连接部231变形，从而保证电池壳的结构稳定性。
在一实施例中，如图8所示，绝缘层22可包括层叠的第一粘接层223、防导通层224和第二粘接层225，其中，第一粘接层223将外接触层21与防导通层224粘接，第二粘接层225将内接触层23与防导通层224粘接，而防导通层224可保证外接触层21与内接触层23相互绝缘。如此，第一粘接层223和第二粘接层225只需具有粘接性能即可，防导通层224只需具有绝缘性能即可，通过不同功能层级来实现绝缘层22的两种性能，可使相应层级的粘接性能和绝缘性能更加强化，以提高绝缘层22的整体性能。
本发明还提出一种电池，该电池包括电芯40和电池壳，该电池壳的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本电池采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。其中，所述电芯40的其中一极与所述电池壳的外接触层21电连接，另外一极与所述电池壳的内接触层23和/或底壳10电连接。该电池可设置为纽扣电池，纽扣电池主要应用于电子产品中，以为电子产品提供电能。其中，电子产品可以为耳机、手表等，使用电压较小的电子产品。
以上所述仅为本发明的可选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于纽扣电池的电池壳，其特征在于，
    所述电池壳包括杯形的底壳和用于密封所述底壳的开口的封盖；
    所述底壳包括圆形或者椭圆形的底壁和环形的侧壁；
    所述封盖从外到内依次包括外接触层、绝缘层和内接触层；
    所述外接触层的最大外径D1大于所述内接触层的最大外径D2；
    所述内接触层包括外电连接部、电极连接部和导电粘接部；
    所述绝缘层包括绝缘粘接部和绝缘开孔部；
    所述外接触层包括焊接部、焊接粘接部和焊接开孔部；
    所述侧壁靠近开口处设置有焊接支撑部；
    所述电极连接部位于所述内接触层朝向所述电池壳内的一面，用于与电芯的其中一极电连接，以使所述内接触层与所述电芯形成电导通；
    所述外电连接部用于通过所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部电连接外部设备；
    所述导电粘接部用于与所述绝缘粘接部无缝粘接，加强所述封盖强度、减小所述绝缘粘接部与所述电池壳内部直接接触面积以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；
    所述焊接部用于与所述焊接支撑部焊接连接，以使所述封盖与所述底壳完成密封；
    所述焊接粘接部用于加强所述封盖强度以及防止外部水渗透到所述电池壳内部；
    所述封盖与所述底壳密封之前，所述绝缘粘接部由在大于等于100℃时热收缩率为6％以下的绝缘防电解液腐蚀的材料融化后，与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部进行无缝粘接，且在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部之间的粘接强度大于等于1.0N每平方毫米，所述绝缘粘接部的厚度d3为0.01mm-2.5mm，所述绝缘粘接部与所述电池壳内部接触面积S0满足S0>＝π*D2*d3*1/2。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述外接触层的材质为不 锈钢，所述外接触层的厚度d4为0.1mm-0.25mm；和/或，所述内接触层的材质为不锈钢，所述内接触层的厚度d5为0.1mm-0.25mm。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述绝缘层的材质为PP、PFA、PVDF、PTFE、ETFE和PVC中的一种或多种。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述绝缘粘接部在冷却常温下与所述导电粘接部、所述焊接粘接部之间的粘接强度小于等于5.0N/平方毫米。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述绝缘粘接部的面积S1与所述绝缘层的面积S2满足S1/S2>＝0.6；和/或，所述绝缘粘接部的面积S1与所述外接触层的面积S3满足S1/S2>＝0.5。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述导电粘接部靠近所述绝缘粘接部的第一表层设置有第一粘接增强层，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部之间的粘结强度；和/或，所述焊接粘接部靠近所述绝缘粘接部的第二表层设置有第二粘接增强层，用于加强与所述绝缘粘接部之间的粘接强度。
  7. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述外电连接部位于所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部的底部。
  8. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述外电连接部朝所述电池壳外部的方向凸出，并依次穿过绝缘开孔部和焊接开孔部，所述外电连接部的直径D6小于等于所述内接触层的最大外径D2的一半。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述电池壳还包括保护件，所述保护件由在所述封盖与所述底壳密封之后设置在所述外电连接部、所述绝缘开孔部和所述焊接开孔部之间的间隙填充液体胶在常温下固化所形成。
  10. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括电芯和如权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池壳，所述电芯的其中一极与所述电池壳的外接触层电连接，另外一极与所述电池壳的内接触层和/或底壳电连接。
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