WO2022224308A1 - 受光素子および光受信回路 - Google Patents
受光素子および光受信回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022224308A1 WO2022224308A1 PCT/JP2021/015875 JP2021015875W WO2022224308A1 WO 2022224308 A1 WO2022224308 A1 WO 2022224308A1 JP 2021015875 W JP2021015875 W JP 2021015875W WO 2022224308 A1 WO2022224308 A1 WO 2022224308A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to optical communication, and more specifically to a light receiving element and an optical receiving circuit.
- the transmission speed required for optical communication systems is increasing year by year.
- broadband light-receiving elements for converting optical signals into electrical signals and light-receiving circuits using such light-receiving elements.
- techniques for processing electrical signals of a plurality of channels in parallel and multiplexing the corresponding optical signals by means of wavelength division, etc. have been advanced to increase the transmission rate.
- the light-receiving elements there is a demand for a technique for receiving multi-channel optical signals with one light-receiving element and collectively converting them into electrical signals with one light-receiving circuit.
- the above-described optical receiving circuit includes a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that converts a current signal obtained by the light receiving element into a voltage signal and amplifies and outputs the voltage signal, in addition to the light receiving element.
- TIA transimpedance amplifier
- a photodiode (PD) is exclusively used as a light receiving element for high-speed optical communication.
- An integration technology is also progressing in which a plurality of PDs are arrayed and mounted on one PD array chip to convert multi-channel optical signals into multi-channel electrical signals.
- a multi-channel optical receiver circuit using a PD array chip uses a multi-channel TIA having a plurality of input/output signal terminals.
- a single TIA chip can convert multi-channel current signals into voltage signals and amplify and output them.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional back-thinned PD for high-speed optical transmission.
- FIG. 11(a) is a top view of the device configuration surface (xy plane) of the back illuminated PD viewed from above, (b) is a view of the back side of the device configuration surface, and (c) is a ) taken perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line XIc-XIc.
- a photodetector 15 for receiving an optical signal, an anode electrode pad 11 connected to the anode, and a cathode electrode pad 12 connected to the cathode are provided on the upper surface of the PD1. formed.
- an optical signal 2 incident from the lower surface side of the PD 1 is transmitted through the PD, converted from an optical signal to an electric signal by the light receiving section 15 formed on the upper surface, and the electric signal is converted to an anode. Output from the electrode and cathode electrode.
- the PD chip is mounted on a PD submount provided with a through hole, and an optical signal is incident through the through hole. morphology is used. Therefore, the lower surface (rear surface) side of the PD 1 on which the light is incident shown in FIG. 11(b) serves as a mounting surface for the submount, and electrodes and the like are not formed thereon.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit for high-speed transmission in the prior art.
- FIG. 12(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip and others are mounted
- FIG. 12(b) is a cross-sectional view of the optical receiving circuit taken along line XIIb-XIIb in the top view of (a). be. Since the optical receiving circuit in FIG. 12 is configured on a substrate surface or the like in various forms such as a receiving device and an optical module, FIG. 12 does not show a substrate serving as a base. The same applies to other optical receiver circuits to be described later.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit for high-speed transmission in the prior art.
- FIG. 12(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip and others are mounted
- FIG. 12(b) is a cross-sectional view of the optical receiving circuit taken along line XIIb-XIIb in the top view of (
- the optical receiving circuit is roughly composed of a PD submount 40 and a TIA carrier 42 .
- a back-thinned PD 1 and a chip capacitor 30 are mounted on a surface-metallized PD submount 40 .
- a TIA 20 is mounted on a surface metallized TIA carrier 42 .
- the PD submount 40 is provided with a through hole 41 through which the optical signal 2 is incident from the lower surface of the PD1. Normally, in order to avoid the influence of reflected return light, the optical signal 2 is incident on the PD light receiving section 15 at an angle shifted from the normal direction.
- the optimum angle varies depending on design conditions such as the optical system configuration and material of the PD, the wavelength of light, and the transmission speed handled by the PD.
- a certain degree of freedom (margin) is required for the mounting position of the PD 1 with respect to the submount 40 according to mounting conditions and manufacturing conditions. Therefore, the dimension of the through hole 41 must be sufficiently large with respect to the light receiving diameter of the PD light receiving section 15 .
- the TIA 20 includes a signal pad 21 for inputting electrical signals from the PD 1, signal pads 22a and 22b for outputting differential electrical signals to the outside, ground pads 23a to 23e, power supply, TIA operation control, and monitoring.
- a power/control/monitor pad 24 is provided for this purpose.
- a chip capacitor 30 connected to the cathode electrode pad 12 is also mounted on the PD submount 40 .
- the chip capacitor 30 is a relay terminal for applying a DC voltage from the outside to the cathode electrode 12 of the PD 1, and operates to separate the AC component from the DC component and block the leakage of the AC signal to the outside.
- a bonding wire 51 electrically connects between the anode electrode pad 11 of the PD 1 and the input signal pad 21 of the TIA 20 .
- a bonding wire 52 electrically connects the cathode electrode pad 12 of the PD 1 and the chip capacitor 30 .
- Bonding wire 57 provides an electrical connection between ground pad 23 of TIA 20 and the ground potential of PD submount 40 .
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another configuration of a conventional back-thinned PD for high-speed optical transmission. Similar to FIG. 11, FIG. 13(a) is a top view of the device configuration surface (xy plane) of the back-illuminated PD viewed from above, and (b) is a view of the back side of the device configuration surface. (c) is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line XIIIc--XIIIc of (a).
- a difference from the configuration of the PD shown in FIG. 11 is that a lens 17 is provided at a position corresponding to the light receiving section 15 on the lower surface side of the element.
- the lens 17 has a curvature such that the optical signal 2 incident from the lower surface side of the element is condensed at the light receiving portion.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing still another configuration of a conventional back-thinned PD for high-speed optical transmission. Similar to FIG. 11, FIG. 14(a) is a top view of the device configuration surface (xy plane) of the back illuminated PD viewed from above, and (b) is a view of the back side of the device configuration surface. (c) is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line XIVc-XIVc of (a).
- the PD shown in FIG. 14 is a PD array chip 101, in which four back illuminated PDs 1 shown in FIG. 11 are arranged and integrated into one chip.
- One PD array chip 101 can convert 4-channel optical signals into 4-channel electrical signals. By integrating four PDs into one chip, the mounting cost of the optical receiver circuit can be reduced compared to the case of separately mounting four PD chips.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiver circuit for high-speed transmission using a PD array chip.
- FIG. 15(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip array and others are mounted
- FIG. 15(b) is a cross-sectional view of the optical receiving circuit cut along line XVb-XVb in FIG. 15(a).
- is. 15 shows an optical receiver circuit that uses a PD array chip 101 to input multi-channel optical signals and output multi-channel electrical signals, in contrast to the optical receiver circuit using a 1-channel PD shown in FIG. there is PD array 101 and chip capacitor 300 are mounted on a surface-metallized PD submount 400 .
- TIA 200 is mounted on a surface metallized TIA carrier 420 .
- the PD submount 400 is provided with a large single through-hole 410 that integrates through-holes for four channels to allow four channels of optical signals 2 to enter from the rear surface of the PD array 101 .
- the optical signal 2 is incident on the PD light-receiving part at an angle shifted from the normal direction, and a certain degree of freedom is required for the mounting position of the PD array 101 on the submount 400 .
- the dimensions of the end and short sides of the through-hole 410 are sufficiently large relative to the light-receiving diameter of the PD light-receiving part due to the problems of processing accuracy of the ceramic, which is the material of the PD submount 400, and the size of the through-hole that can be processed. There must be.
- the TIA chip 200 is a multi-channel TIA having four amplifier circuits, and includes input signal pads 210 for four channels, output signal pads 220a and 220b, ground pads 230a to 230e, and power/control/monitor pads 240. I have it.
- Bonding wires 510 electrically connect between the four anode electrode pads 110 of the PD array 101 and the four input signal pads 210 of the TIA 200 .
- the bonding wires 520 electrically connect between the four cathode electrode pads 120 of the PD array 101 and the four chip capacitors 300, respectively.
- the bonding wires 570 electrically connect the ground pads 230 a and 230 b of each of the four amplifier circuits of the TIA 200 and the ground potential plane of the PD submount 400 .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a light receiving element and an optical receiving circuit having good high frequency transmission characteristics.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a light-receiving element, comprising: a light-receiving portion for an optical signal formed on one surface of a substrate; an anode electrode pad connected to an anode of the light-receiving portion; a cathode electrode pad connected to the cathode of the substrate; and a ground pattern formed outside the opening region at a position corresponding to the light receiving portion on the surface opposite to the element forming surface of the substrate. It is a light receiving element characterized by
- a light-receiving element and an optical receiver circuit that have good high-frequency transmission characteristics, suppress unnecessary resonance and radiation noise, and reduce crosstalk between channels.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element of Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating paths of return currents in the optical receiver circuit of the first embodiment;
- 4 is a diagram showing another configuration of the light receiving element of Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element of Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of mounting an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the return current path in the optical receiver circuit of the third embodiment;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration of the light receiving element of Embodiment 3;
- 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional back-thinned PD for high-speed optical transmission;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of mounting an optical receiver circuit using a conventional back-thinned PD;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration of a prior art back-thinned PD;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing yet another configuration of a conventional back-thinned PD;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of mounting an optical receiver circuit using a PD array chip
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of a return current path of an optical receiver circuit according to a prior art PD
- FIG. 4 is a diagram of a return current path of an optical receiver circuit by a PD array chip
- the light-receiving element of the present disclosure achieves excellent high-frequency transmission characteristics by adopting a configuration that minimizes the return current path.
- the inventors paid attention to the reciprocating path of the high-frequency signal transmitted from the light receiving element to the TIA.
- the path of the return current returning to the ground side is straightened.
- a return current that flows in the opposite direction to the high-frequency signal from the PD flows through the ground pattern formed on the lower surface of the PD, which is in contact with the ground potential of the PD submount.
- This ground pattern on the lower surface of the PD realizes good high-frequency transmission characteristics, and especially in a multi-channel PD array, suppresses unnecessary resonance and radiation noise, and effectively reduces crosstalk between channels.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the return current path in an optical receiving circuit using a conventional back-thinned PD.
- the photocurrent generated in the conventional PD 1 shown in FIG. 12 and the return current corresponding to this photocurrent are indicated by arrows without drawing bonding wires.
- a photocurrent generated from the signal light 2 in the PD light receiving section 15 flows as a high frequency signal current 61 from the PD anode electrode pad 11 to the TIA input signal pad 21 via the bonding wire 51 .
- Return currents 67 and 69 flow from the TIA 20 in the opposite direction to the transmission of the signal current 61 toward the TIA 20 .
- Return currents 67 , 69 flow from ground pads 23 a , 23 b to the ground potential plane of PD submount 40 via respective bonding wires 57 .
- the surface of the PD submount 40 is covered with metal (metallized) by depositing a metal film, and at least the portion where the PD 1 is mounted and its periphery, preferably the entire surface, are metallized.
- This metallized metal surface electrically has a reference ground potential in the optical receiving circuit, and in this specification the metallized metal surface is also referred to as a ground potential surface.
- Return currents 67 and 69 indicated by dashed arrows on the PD submount 40 shown in FIG. 16 flow through the ground potential plane described above.
- the PD submount 40 Since the PD submount 40 has a through hole 41 through which the signal light 2 is incident from directly below the PD 1, the return currents 67 and 69 flow through the ground potential surface around the through hole 41. That is, the return current is prevented from traveling straight and flows around the through-hole 41 . This detour of the return current path degrades high-frequency transmission characteristics and can cause unwanted resonance and radiation noise. This problem becomes more serious in optical receiver circuits using multi-channel PD arrays.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the return current path in an optical receiving circuit using a conventional back-thinned PD array.
- the photocurrent generated in the four channels 601 to 604 and the return current corresponding to this photocurrent are indicated by arrows without drawing bonding wires.
- a photocurrent generated from the signal light 2 in each of the four PD light receiving portions 150 flows as a signal current 610 from the PD anode electrode pad 110 to the TIA input signal pad 210 via the bonding wire 510 .
- Return currents 691 to 694 flow from the TIA 200 in opposite directions to the transmission of the four high-frequency signal currents 610 toward the TIA 200 .
- the return current 691 flows from the ground pads 230a and 230b to the ground potential surface of the PD submount 400 via the bonding wire 570.
- a return current 691 detours around the left end of the through hole 410 of the PD submount 400 and flows through the ground potential surface.
- the return current 694 also flows around the right end of the through-hole 410, symmetrically with the return current 691, on the ground potential surface.
- the return current 692 flows from the ground pads 230a and 230b to the ground potential surface of the PD submount 400 via the bonding wire 570.
- FIG. A return current 692 flows through the ground potential surface of the PD submount 400 along the longitudinal direction of the through-hole from the bonding wire connection point, and further around the left end of the through-hole.
- the degree of detour of the return current in the channel 602 inside the chip is significant.
- the distance between adjacent channels approaches the same level as the bonding wire length (for example, about 0.5 mm).
- the bond wires act as transmit and receive antennas. If unnecessary resonance or radiation noise occurs in a channel, the electromagnetic waves radiated from the bonding wire of that channel are likely to be picked up by bonding wires of adjacent channels. A signal leaked from an adjacent channel is superimposed on a signal of its own channel, and is easily affected by so-called crosstalk. For example, for a signal having a transmission rate of about 10 Gbaud or higher, a quarter wavelength in free space is as long as or shorter than the bonding wire length. In this way, the bonding wire functions as an antenna, and there is a problem that the transmission quality deteriorates due to crosstalk from adjacent channels. Return current will be explained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. (c) is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line Ic-Ic of (a).
- a light-receiving portion 15 for receiving optical signals, an anode electrode pad 11 connected to the anode, and a cathode electrode pad 12 connected to the cathode are formed on the upper surface of the PD 10, which is a light-receiving element for high-speed optical communication.
- the optical signal 2 incident from the bottom side of the PD 10 is transmitted through the PD and converted from the optical signal to the electrical signal by the light receiving section 15 formed on the top side.
- An electrical signal is output from the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.
- the cathode electrode is grounded via a chip capacitor, so that the high-frequency signal current is taken out from the anode side to the outside.
- an optical receiving circuit when configured with a back-thinned PD 10, there is a mounting mode in which a PD chip is mounted on a PD submount provided with a through hole, and an optical signal is incident through the through hole.
- a ground pattern 18 is formed on the entire lower surface of the PD except for the opening region 16 for incident optical signals.
- the inventors came up with the idea of constructing a ground pattern on the lower surface of the PD, which has not been used until now, to use it as a return current path.
- the substrate material of the PD is usually a semiconductor, and it is a simple process to vapor-deposit a metal film or the like on the surface of the semiconductor and metallize the surface. A thin metal film is sufficient to create a ground potential for high-frequency currents. Also, the ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD does not affect the process of mounting the PD on the PD submount.
- the light-receiving element 10 of the present disclosure includes a light-receiving portion 15 for optical signals, an anode electrode pad 11 connected to an anode of the light-receiving portion, and a cathode of the light-receiving portion, which are formed on one surface of a substrate. and a ground pattern 18 formed outside the opening region 16 at a position corresponding to the light-receiving portion on the surface opposite to the element forming surface of the substrate. can be implemented.
- the ground pattern 18 may be formed on the entire surface of the opposite surface except for the opening area.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip and others are mounted, and FIG. be. Since the optical receiving circuit in FIG. 2 is mounted and configured on a substrate surface or the like in various forms such as an optical receiving device and an optical receiving module, FIG. 2 does not show a base substrate.
- a mounting form of a PD 10 that inputs an optical signal 2 of one channel and outputs an electrical signal of one channel is shown.
- the optical receiver circuit is roughly divided into two parts, a PD submount 40 and a TIA carrier 42 .
- a back-thinned PD 10 and a chip capacitor 30 are mounted on a surface-metallized PD submount 40 .
- a TIA 20 is mounted on a surface metallized TIA carrier 42 .
- the PD submount 40 is provided with a through-hole 41 through which the optical signal 2 is incident from the bottom surface of the PD 10 .
- the optical signal 2 is incident on the PD light receiving section 15 at an angle shifted from the normal direction.
- the optimum incident angle varies depending on design conditions such as the optical system configuration and materials of the PD, the wavelength of light, and the transmission speed handled by the PD, and a certain degree of freedom is required for the mounting position of the PD 10. . Therefore, the dimension of the through hole 41 must be sufficiently large with respect to the light receiving diameter of the PD light receiving section 15 .
- the respective arrangement and connection configuration on the TIA 20 and PD submount 40 are the same as the conventional optical receiving circuit described in FIG. 12, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the difference between the configuration of the conventional optical receiver circuit in FIG. 12 and the optical receiver circuit in FIG. A ground pattern 18 is formed except for the region 16 .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the path of return current in an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 the photocurrent generated in the light-receiving element of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the return current corresponding to this photocurrent are indicated by arrows without drawing bonding wires.
- a photocurrent generated from the signal light 2 in the PD light receiving section 15 flows as a high frequency signal current 61 from the PD anode electrode pad 11 to the TIA input signal pad 21 via the bonding wire 51 .
- the cathode electrode pad 12 is grounded to the ground potential surface of the PD submount 40 via the chip capacitor 30 in high frequency.
- a return current flows from the TIA 20 in the opposite direction to the transmission of the signal current 61 toward the TIA 20 .
- Return currents 67 a and 67 b flow from ground pads 23 a and 23 b to the ground potential plane of PD submount 40 via respective bonding wires 57 .
- the return currents 67a and 67b flowing from the bonding wires 57 further flow through the ground pattern 18 formed on the lower surface of the PD 10, which is in contact with the ground potential surface of the PD submount 40, as return currents 68a and 68b.
- the difference is clear when compared with the return currents 69a and 69b of the path bypassing the through-hole 41 shown in FIG. 17 in the conventional optical receiver circuit.
- the return currents 68a and 68b flowing through the ground pattern 18 on the lower surface of the PD reach the ground potential surface of the chip capacitor 30 in the shortest distance without detouring.
- the signal current and the return current each flow in such a way as to form a current loop with the shortest distance and the smallest opening.
- the present invention provides an optical receiving circuit, which includes a subcarrier 40 whose surface is metallized, a light receiving element 10 on the subcarrier, and a light receiving portion 15 for an optical signal formed on one surface of a substrate. , an anode electrode pad 11 connected to the anode of the light-receiving portion, a cathode electrode pad 12 connected to the cathode of the light-receiving portion, and a surface opposite to the element forming surface of the substrate corresponding to the light-receiving portion. and a signal input pad 21 electrically connected to the anode electrode pad, and the metallization of the subcarrier.
- a transimpedance amplifier 20 having ground pads 23a, 23b electrically connected to a ground plane connected to the ground plane, wherein for signal currents 61, 62 flowing from the cathode electrode pads to the signal input pads, the return currents are: It can also be implemented as flowing from the ground pad through paths 68a, 68b including the ground pattern.
- an opening region 16 is opened concentrically at a position corresponding to the light-receiving part 15 on the lower surface of the PD 10, and the entire surface excluding the opening region 16 is a ground pattern.
- Disturbance of the electromagnetic field of the high frequency transmission line can be eliminated by eliminating the detour of the return current due to the through holes and securing the shortest paths for the return currents 68a and 68b as shown in FIG. Therefore, the configuration of the ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD 10 is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the light-receiving element of Embodiment 1 with another ground pattern.
- FIG. 4(a) is a top view of the configuration surface (xy plane) of the light receiving element viewed from above, (b) is a rear view of the back side of the configuration surface, and (c) is IVc of (a).
- -IVc is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicular to the substrate surface.
- the only difference from the configuration of the PD in FIG. 1 is the shape of the ground pattern 19 on the bottom surface of the PD. As shown in FIG.
- strip-shaped partial ground patterns 19a and 19b connecting the ends of the PD chips in a bridge-like manner are provided approximately parallel to the line connecting the anode electrode 11 and the cathode electrode 12. This also eliminates the detour of the return current path.
- the direction of flow of the signal currents 62 and 61 is along the straight line connecting the anode electrode pad 11, the light receiving section 15 and the cathode electrode pad 12.
- FIG. If there is a ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD so that the return current is also parallel or opposite to the flow of this signal current, the current loop can be minimized and shortened.
- the anode electrode pad 11, the light receiving section 15 and the cathode electrode pad 12 are arranged in a straight line as much as possible.
- the anode electrode pad 11, the light-receiving portion 15 and the cathode electrode pad 12 are arranged along a straight line, and the ground patterns are arranged on both sides of the opening area parallel to the straight line. It can be implemented as having a band-like shape 19a, 19b.
- the arrangement of the anode electrode pad 11, the light receiving section 15, and the cathode electrode pad 12 should be generally linear, and the signal current and the return current linearly form a minimum current loop as shown in FIG. good.
- a conductive adhesive, solder, or the like is normally used to fix a back-thinned PD on a surface-metallized PD submount. As shown in FIG. 4B, by providing a space between the ground patterns 19a, 19b and the opening area 16, it is possible to prevent the conductive adhesive, solder, etc. from flowing into the opening area 16. can also
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. FIG. 5(a) is a top view of the configuration surface (xy plane) of the light receiving element viewed from above, (b) is a rear view of the back side of the configuration surface, and (c) is Vc of (a).
- - It is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line Vc.
- the configuration and operation for outputting an electrical signal from the optical signal 2 are the same as those of the light receiving element 10 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, and only differences from the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described.
- a ground pattern 18 is formed on the entire lower surface of the PD 10 except for the lens 17 .
- a lens 17 is formed on the lower surface of the PD substrate at the position of the opening region 16 in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit using the light receiving element of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. FIG. 6(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip and others are mounted
- FIG. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view of the optical receiving circuit cut along line VIb-VIb in the top view of (a). be.
- the respective arrangement on the TIA 20 and the PD submount 40 and the mutual connection configuration are the same as those of the conventional optical receiving circuit described with reference to FIG. 12, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- 12 and the optical receiver circuit using the photodetector of Embodiment 2 is that a lens 17
- the ground pattern 18 is formed except for the region where is formed. Except for the point that the lens 17 is the same area in the present embodiment as opposed to the simple opening area 16 in the first embodiment, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and the first embodiment shown in FIG. , the optical receiving circuit is configured in the same manner.
- the light-receiving element of this embodiment can also obtain a minimized return current path exactly the same as the return current in Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. That is, the high-frequency signal current 61 generated in the light receiving portion 15 of the PD 10 flows from the PD anode electrode pad 11 to the TIA input signal pad 21 via the bonding wire 51 . A return current flows from the TIA 20 in the opposite direction to the transmission of the signal current 61 toward the TIA 20 . Return currents 67 a and 67 b flow from ground pads 23 a and 23 b to the ground potential plane of PD submount 40 via respective bonding wires 57 .
- the return currents 67a, 67b flowing from the bonding wires 57 further flow through the ground pattern 18 formed on the lower surface of the PD 10, which is in contact with the ground potential surface of the PD submount 40, as return currents 68a, 68b.
- the return current flowing through the ground pattern 18 around the lens 17 on the lower surface of the PD in FIG. 5 reaches the ground potential surface of the chip capacitor 30 in the shortest distance without detouring as shown in FIG.
- the signal current and the return current each flow in such a way as to form a current loop with the shortest distance and the smallest opening.
- an opening area 16 having the same shape as the lens 17 and concentrically with the light receiving section 15 is formed by removing the metal of the ground pattern. That is, the ground pattern 18 is entirely metallized except for the opening region 16 on the lower surface of the PD 10 .
- the configuration of the ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD is not limited to that shown in FIG. It is possible to modify the ground pattern as shown in FIG. 4 described above, and partial ground patterns 19a and 19b connected in a bridge shape may be used.
- Each of the above-described embodiments has shown the case of a one-channel light-receiving element that inputs a one-channel optical signal and outputs a one-channel electrical signal.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of a light receiving element according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 7(a) is a top view of the configuration surface (xy plane) of the light receiving element viewed from above, (b) is a rear view of the back side of the configuration surface, and (c) is VIIc of (a).
- - VIIc is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicular to the substrate surface.
- the light-receiving element of this embodiment is a PD array 100, which is obtained by arranging four back illuminated PDs 10 shown in FIG. 1 and integrating them into one chip.
- Each PD has a light receiving section 150, an anode electrode pad 110, and a cathode electrode pad 120, and four PDs with the same configuration are arrayed.
- An optical signal 2 incident from the bottom side of the PD array 100 passes through the inside of the PD and is converted from an optical signal to an electric signal by the light receiving section 150 formed on the top side, and the electric signal is output from the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.
- the difference from the PD array 101 of the prior art shown in FIG. 15 is that an integrated ground pattern 180 is formed on the entire bottom surface of the PD array 100 except for the four aperture regions 160 through which optical signals are incident. is that
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a mounting example of an optical receiving circuit using the PD array chip of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 8(a) is a top view of the side on which the PD chip array and others are mounted
- FIG. 8(b) is a cross-sectional view of the optical receiving circuit taken along the line VIIIb-VIIIb in the top view of (a). is.
- This optical receiving circuit receives optical signals 2 of four channels and outputs electrical signals of four channels.
- the PD array 100 and chip capacitor 300 are mounted on a surface metallized PD submount 400 .
- TIA 200 is mounted on a surface metallized TIA carrier 420 .
- the PD submount 400 is provided with a single large through-hole 410 for allowing four channels of optical signals to enter from the rear surface of the PD array 100 .
- the optical signal 2 is transmitted at an angle shifted from the normal direction to the PD photodetector 150 in order to avoid the influence of the reflected return light. make it incident.
- the optimum incident angle varies depending on design conditions such as the optical system configuration and material of the PD, the wavelength of light, and the transmission speed handled by the PD, and the mounting position of the PD array 100 is required to have a certain degree of freedom.
- the dimensions of the end and short sides of the through hole 410 are sufficient for the light receiving diameter of the PD light receiving portion. must be as large as
- the TIA chip 200 is a multi-channel TIA equipped with four amplifier circuits, has the same configuration as the prior art TIA explained in FIG. 15, and is electrically connected to the PD array 100 as in the prior art. .
- the difference between the prior art optical receiver circuit of FIG. A ground pattern 180 is formed on the entire surface except for the opening region 160 .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram explaining the path of the return current in the optical receiving circuit using the PD array of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 9 in the PD array 100 of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 8, the photocurrents generated in the four channels 601 to 604 and the return currents corresponding to these photocurrents are indicated by arrows without drawing bonding wires. ing.
- a photocurrent generated from the signal light 2 in each PD light receiving section 150 of the four PDs flows as a signal current 610 from the PD anode electrode pad 110 to the TIA input signal pad 210 via the bonding wire 510 .
- the cathode electrode pad 120 is grounded to the ground potential surface of the PD submount 40 via a chip capacitor 300 at high frequencies.
- return currents flow from the TIA 200 towards the PD in opposite directions.
- Return current flows in the shortest distance. For example, looking at channel 604 on the far right of FIG. Return currents 670 a and 670 b flowing from bonding wires 570 first flow into the ground potential plane of PD submount 400 . Furthermore, the return currents 680a and 680b flow straight through the ground pattern 180 formed on the bottom surface of the PD 100, which is in contact with the ground potential surface.
- the signal current and the return current each flow in the shortest distance to form a current loop with the smallest opening.
- the return current flows in other channels 602 and 603 on the inner side of the PD array chip so as to form a current loop with the shortest distance and the smallest opening, just like the channel 604 . This is in sharp contrast to the channels 602 and 603 on the inner side of the PD array chip of FIG.
- the detour amount of the return current path was large in the case of the conventional technology without the ground pattern 180 as shown in FIG.
- the detour of the return current is eliminated, thereby greatly improving the high-frequency transmission characteristics.
- crosstalk from both channels is superimposed compared to the channels outside the edge of the chip. For this reason, the amount of deterioration in transmission quality due to crosstalk increases in the channels inside the chip.
- return currents flow equally in all channels, so that the transmission quality can be remarkably improved in the inner channels of the multi-channel optical receiver circuit.
- the ratio (cross Talk) was about 25 dB at 10 GHz.
- the crosstalk was about 50 dB at 10 GHz.
- the crosstalk in the channel inside the chip was greatly improved by 25 dB as compared with the optical receiver circuit having the configuration of the prior art.
- a concentric opening region 160 is left at a position corresponding to the light-receiving portion, and the entire surface is a metal ground pattern. If the detour of the return current due to the through-hole can be eliminated and the path of the return current can be secured so as to be the shortest path, the disturbance of the electromagnetic field of the high-frequency transmission line can be eliminated. Therefore, the configuration of the ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD array is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, the shape of the opening area of the ground pattern does not necessarily have to be concentric, and any shape is acceptable as long as the opening required for incident light is obtained. Also, the ground pattern does not need to cover the entire surface except for the opening area.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration of the light receiving element of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 10(a) is a top view of the configuration surface (xy plane) of the light receiving element viewed from above, (b) is a rear view of the back side of the configuration surface, and (c) is Xc of (a).
- - It is a cross-sectional view cut perpendicularly to the substrate surface along line Xc.
- 10 is a PD array 100, which has substantially the same configuration as the PD array shown in FIG. The difference from the PD array of FIG.
- the ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD array is formed in stripes 190a and 190b parallel to straight lines connecting the anode electrode pad, the light receiving element, and the cathode electrode pad on both sides of the opening region 160. It is being done.
- Strip-shaped ground patterns 190a and 190b connecting both sides of the PD array chip which are parallel to the straight line connecting the element elements described above, provide a linear return from the TIA chip to the chip capacitor via the PD submount and PD array.
- a current path can be configured.
- partial ground patterns 190a and 190b connecting both sides of the PD array chip in a bridge shape on the bottom surface of the PD array detouring of the return current path is eliminated.
- a conductive adhesive, solder, or the like is used to fix the back-thinned PD on the surface-metallized PD submount.
- the light-receiving element of the third embodiment four light-receiving elements (four channels) for converting four-channel optical signals into four-channel electrical signals have been described as an example. , without any limitation.
- Return current diversion is a common problem in PD arrays regardless of the number of channels, as long as the configuration provides one large through-hole for multiple channels in the PD array. If the number of light-receiving elements is two or more, the detour problem of the return current can be solved by providing a ground pattern on the bottom surface of the PD array.
- the light-receiving element and the optical receiving circuit of the present disclosure realize excellent high-frequency transmission characteristics.
- a multi-channel PD array suppresses unnecessary resonance and radiation noise, and effectively reduces crosstalk between channels.
- the present invention can be used for optical communication.
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Abstract
Description
図11は、従来技術の高速光伝送用の裏面入射型PDの構成を示す図である。図11の(a)は、裏面入射型PDの素子構成面(x-y面)を上方から見た上面図、(b)は素子構成面の裏側を見た図、(c)は(a)のXIc―XIc線で基板面に垂直に切断した断面図である。図11の(a)を参照すれば、PD1の上面には、光信号を受光する受光部15と、アノードと接続されているアノード電極パッド11と、カソードと接続されているカソード電極パッド12が形成されている。(c)に示したように、PD1の下面側から入射された光信号2は、PD内を透過し、上面に形成された受光部15で光信号から電気信号に変換され、電気信号がアノード電極およびカソード電極から出力される。図11の裏面入射型PDで光受信回路を構成する場合、後述するように、貫通孔が設けられたPDサブマウント上にPDチップを搭載し、貫通孔を通過して光信号を入射する実装形態が用いられる。したがって、図11の(b)に示した光が入射されるPD1の下面(裏面)側は、サブマウントへの搭載面となり、電極等は形成されない。
以下では、本開示の受光素子および光受信回路の構成と、高周波信号および対応するリターン電流について説明する。
図1は、実施形態1の受光素子の構成を示す図である。図11と同様に裏面入射型PD10を示しており、(a)は、受光素子の構成面(x-y面)を上方から見た上面図、(b)は構成面の裏側を見た背面図、(c)は(a)のIc―Ic線で基板面に垂直に切断した断面図である。
図5は、実施形態2の受光素子の構成を示す図である。図5の(a)は、受光素子の構成面(x-y面)を上方から見た上面図、(b)は構成面の裏側を見た背面図、(c)は(a)のVc―Vc線で基板面に垂直に切断した断面図である。光信号2から電気信号を出力する構成・動作は、図1に示した実施形態1の受光素子10と同じであり、図1の構成との相違点のみを説明する。
図7は、実施形態3の受光素子の構成を示す図である。図7の(a)は、受光素子の構成面(x-y面)を上方から見た上面図、(b)は構成面の裏側を見た背面図、(c)は(a)のVIIc―VIIc線で基板面に垂直に切断した断面図である。本実施形態の受光素子は、PDアレイ100であって、図1に示した裏面入射型PD10を4つ配列して1つのチップに集積化したものである。
Claims (7)
- 受光素子であって、
基板の一方の面上に構成された、
光信号の受光部と、
前記受光部のアノードに接続されたアノード電極パッドと、
前記受光部のカソードに接続されたカソード電極パッドと、
前記基板の素子構成面とは反対の面であって、前記受光部に対応する位置にある開口領域の外に形成された接地パターンと
を備えたことを特徴とする受光素子。 - 前記開口領域内に入射した前記光信号が、前記基板の内部を透過して前記受光部で受光されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の受光素子。
- 前記接地パターンは、前記開口領域を除いて、前記反対の面の全面に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の受光素子。
- 前記アノード電極パッド、前記受光部および前記カソード電極パッドは、直線に沿って配置され、
前記接地パターンは、前記開口領域の両脇に、前記直線に平行な帯状の形状を有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の受光素子。 - 前記開口領域にレンズが形成されたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4いずれかに記載の受光素子。
- 前記受光部、前記アノード電極パッドおよび前記カソード電極パッドが単位素子を構成し、複数個の前記単位素子が配列されたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4いずれかに記載の受光素子。
- 光受信回路であって、
表面がメタライズされたサブキャリア、
前記サブキャリア上の受光素子であって、
基板の一方の面上に構成された、
光信号の受光部と、
前記受光部のアノードに接続されたアノード電極パッドと、
前記受光部のカソードに接続されたカソード電極パッドと、
前記基板の素子構成面とは反対の面で、前記受光部に対応する位置にある開口領域の外に形成された接地パターンとを備えた、受光素子、並びに、
前記アノード電極パッドと電気的に接続される信号入力パッド、および、
前記サブキャリアの前記メタライズされた接地面に電気的に接続されるグランドパッドを有する
トランスインピーダンス・アンプ
を備え、
前記カソード電極パッドから前記信号入力パッドへ流れる信号電流に対して、リターン電流が、前記グランドパッドから前記接地パターンを含む経路を流れることを特徴とする光受信回路。
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JP2000036615A (ja) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 受光素子及び受光素子モジュール |
JP2001267620A (ja) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2003232967A (ja) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-22 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | パラレル送受信モジュール |
JP2012256853A (ja) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-12-27 | Japan Oclaro Inc | アレイ型受光装置、光受信モジュール、及び光トランシーバ |
JP2013005014A (ja) * | 2011-06-13 | 2013-01-07 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 光受信回路 |
JP2016018799A (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-01 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 光受信回路および光受信器 |
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JP2000036615A (ja) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 受光素子及び受光素子モジュール |
JP2001267620A (ja) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2003232967A (ja) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-22 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | パラレル送受信モジュール |
JP2012256853A (ja) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-12-27 | Japan Oclaro Inc | アレイ型受光装置、光受信モジュール、及び光トランシーバ |
JP2013005014A (ja) * | 2011-06-13 | 2013-01-07 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 光受信回路 |
JP2016018799A (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-01 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 光受信回路および光受信器 |
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CN117079975A (zh) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-11-17 | 厦门亿芯源半导体科技有限公司 | 高速tia抗5g wifi电磁干扰方法 |
CN117079975B (zh) * | 2023-07-28 | 2024-04-30 | 厦门亿芯源半导体科技有限公司 | 高速tia抗5g wifi电磁干扰方法 |
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