WO2022215343A1 - 熱融着性複合繊維およびこれを用いた不織布 - Google Patents
熱融着性複合繊維およびこれを用いた不織布 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022215343A1 WO2022215343A1 PCT/JP2022/005032 JP2022005032W WO2022215343A1 WO 2022215343 A1 WO2022215343 A1 WO 2022215343A1 JP 2022005032 W JP2022005032 W JP 2022005032W WO 2022215343 A1 WO2022215343 A1 WO 2022215343A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- derived
- biomass
- component
- polyethylene
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to heat-fusible conjugate fibers containing biomass-derived components and nonwoven fabrics obtained using the same.
- heat-fusible conjugate fibers which can be molded by heat-sealing using hot air or heat energy from heating rolls, can be easily obtained into nonwoven fabrics with excellent bulkiness and flexibility. It is widely used for sanitary materials such as napkins and pads, or industrial materials such as daily necessities and filters. In particular, sanitary materials are in direct contact with human skin and need to absorb liquids such as urine and menstrual blood quickly, so bulkiness and flexibility are extremely important. In order to obtain bulkiness, a method of using a highly rigid resin or a method of imparting rigidity by stretching at a high magnification ratio is typical, but in that case, the flexibility of the resulting nonwoven fabric decreases. end up On the other hand, if softness is prioritized, the resulting nonwoven fabric will have lower bulkiness and poorer liquid absorbency.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a heat-fusible composite fiber in which the first component is a polyester-based resin and the second component is a polyolefin-based resin having a lower melting point than the first component. , that a bulky and soft nonwoven fabric is obtained.
- Biomass is an organic compound that is photosynthesised from carbon dioxide and water (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3), and if such biomass-derived materials are used as starting materials, it is possible to reduce the amount of fossil resources used. For example, if a biomass-derived material such as polylactic acid is used as a raw material, even if it is incinerated after use and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, it will be carbon dioxide and water before it is taken in by plants through photosynthesis. Equal to the amount of water, it is possible to build a recycling system or carbon neutral.
- Patent Document 4 discloses PET and PE conjugate fibers made from biomass-derived substances as raw materials, suppressing the consumption of fossil resources, and obtaining a nonwoven fabric having a uniform texture by polymerizing PE with various polymers. It is stated that
- Biomass-derived resins are generally thought to have the same chemical structure as those of conventional fossil resources, so there is no difference in quality. Impurities that could not be removed in the process remain, reducing heat resistance and making it difficult to use as it is in the same way as resins derived from fossil resources.
- the present invention has been made against the background of the above-mentioned prior art, and its object is to provide a heat-fusible composite fiber that reduces consumption of fossil resources and imparts both bulkiness and flexibility to a nonwoven fabric, and a method for using the same. It is to provide a nonwoven fabric that is
- the inventors have conducted extensive research.
- the biomass-derived polyethylene-based resin is used as the polyethylene-based resin.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by blending a polyethylene-based resin derived from fossil resources in an appropriate ratio, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is configured as follows.
- the compounding ratio (weight ratio) of polyethylene-based resin and polyethylene-based resin derived from fossil resources is 20:80 to 90:10.
- a nonwoven fabric comprising the heat-fusible conjugate fiber according to any one of [1] to [8].
- the first component is a polyester resin and the second component is a polyethylene resin having a lower melting point than the first component, and the polyethylene resin is biomass-derived polyethylene.
- the compounding ratio (weight ratio) of the base resin and the polyethylene base resin derived from fossil resources is 20:80 to 90:10.
- the polyester resin constituting the first component in the present invention is not particularly limited, but aromatic polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate can be preferably used.
- aromatic polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate
- aliphatic polyester resins can also be used, and preferred aliphatic polyester resins include polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate.
- These polyester-based resins may be not only homopolymers but also copolyesters (copolyesters).
- the copolymer components include dicarboxylic acid components such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol, and optical components such as L-lactic acid. Isomers are available. Examples of such copolymers include polybutylene terephthalate adipate. Furthermore, two or more of these polyester resins may be mixed and used. Among them, an unmodified polymer composed only of polyethylene terephthalate is preferable as the first component in consideration of the raw material cost, the bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric, the thermal stability of the resulting fiber, and the like.
- polyester-based resin When the polyester-based resin is an aromatic polyester-based resin, it can be obtained, for example, by condensation polymerization from a diol and a dicarboxylic acid.
- Dicarboxylic acids used for polycondensation of polyester resins include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid and sebacic acid.
- Diols that can be used include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
- the biomass-derived carbon content in the polyester resin in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 2 to 28%, and further preferably 6 to 24%. preferable. If the biomass-derived carbon content of the polyester resin is 2% or more, it is preferable because the consumption of fossil resources can be reduced. It is preferable because it can impart bulkiness and flexibility to the material.
- the biomass-derived carbon content rate is a value obtained by measuring the content of biomass-derived carbon by radioactive carbon ( 14 C) measurement.
- Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contains 14 C at a certain rate (107 pMC (percent modern carbon)), so plants that grow by taking in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, such as corn, have a 14 C content of about 107 pMC. is known to be
- 14 C has a half-life of 5,370 years and returns to nitrogen atoms, and it takes 226,000 years to completely decay. Therefore, fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas, which are thought to have passed more than 226,000 years after carbon dioxide and other substances in the atmosphere were taken in and fixed by plants, mostly contain 14 C. known not to be included. Therefore, the biomass-derived carbon content can be calculated by measuring the ratio of 14 C contained in all carbon atoms in the resin.
- a method for calculating the biomass-derived carbon content rate in the resin in the present invention will be described in detail in Examples below.
- the polyester resin is not particularly limited, but containing a biomass-derived polyester resin and a fossil resource-derived polyester resin suppresses the consumption of fossil resources and does not impair the original physical properties of the polyester resin. It is preferable in that it can impart bulkiness and flexibility. From this point of view, the blending ratio (weight ratio) of the biomass-derived polyester resin and the fossil resource-derived polyester resin in the polyester resin is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 5: 95 to 95: 5. , 20:80 to 80:20.
- the biomass-derived polyester resin may contain biomass-derived carbon, and preferably has a biomass-derived carbon content of 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more.
- a biomass-derived polyester resin may be a polymer consisting only of a biomass-derived monomer, or a copolymer of a biomass-derived monomer and a fossil resource-derived monomer.
- the system resin is an aromatic polyester resin
- a copolymer of biomass-derived diol and biomass-derived dicarboxylic acid, a copolymer of biomass-derived diol and fossil resource-derived dicarboxylic acid, and a fossil resource-derived diol Copolymers with biomass-derived dicarboxylic acids can be mentioned.
- a copolymer of a biomass-derived diol and a fossil resource-derived dicarboxylic acid is preferable from the viewpoint of availability.
- the biomass-derived polyester resin is not particularly limited, and one obtained by a conventionally known method may be used, such as biomass-derived polyethylene terephthalate commercially available from Entobo Co., Ltd., or from Nature Works. Biomass-derived polylactic acid or the like may also be used.
- the fossil resource-derived polyester resin means a polyester resin that does not contain biomass-derived carbon, that is, has a biomass-derived carbon content of 0%. Therefore, the polyester-based resin derived from fossil resources is polymerized only from monomers derived from fossil resources.
- the first component is not particularly limited as long as it contains a polyester resin, but preferably contains 80% by mass or more of the polyester resin, more preferably 90% by mass or more of the polyester resin. is that Antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, neutralizers, nucleating agents, epoxy stabilizers, lubricants, antibacterial agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents, and pigments, as long as they do not interfere with the effects of the present invention. Alternatively, an additive such as a plasticizer may be added as appropriate.
- the polyethylene-based resin in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is a high-density polyethylene, a linear low-density polyethylene, a low-density polyethylene, or a copolymer of ethylene and other components (eg, ⁇ -olefin), or these.
- ethylene and other components eg, ⁇ -olefin
- it is preferably composed only of high-density polyethylene.
- the compounding ratio (weight ratio) of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin and the fossil resource-derived polyethylene resin is 20:80 to 90:10. be.
- the viscosity and molecular weight of the resin will decrease, and sufficient It is considered that stretchability could not be obtained, and it became difficult to achieve both fineness and rigidity of the conjugate fiber, and it was not possible to obtain a soft and bulky nonwoven fabric.
- the blending ratio of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin by setting the blending ratio of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin to 90% by weight or less, the viscosity and molecular weight reduction of the polyethylene resin are suppressed, and the extension elongation in the process of forming the composite fiber is moderate.
- the blending ratio (weight ratio) of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin and the fossil resource-derived polyethylene resin is preferably 30:70 to 70:30, and 40:60 to 50:50. is more preferred.
- the biomass-derived polyethylene resin only needs to contain biomass-derived carbon, and preferably has a biomass-derived carbon content of 90% or more, more preferably 94% or more.
- a biomass-derived polyethylene resin may be a polymer composed only of biomass-derived monomers or a polymer of a biomass-derived monomer and a fossil resource-derived monomer.
- the biomass-derived polyethylene resin is a polymer of biomass-derived ethylene or a polymer of biomass-derived ethylene and fossil resource-derived ethylene. is preferred.
- the biomass-derived polyethylene resin is not particularly limited, and one obtained by a conventionally known method may be used.
- bioethanol is obtained by fermenting starch and sugar obtained from corn, sugarcane, sweet potato, etc. with microorganisms. and dehydrating it to produce biomass-derived ethylene, which can be produced by polymerizing it.
- a biomass-derived polyethylene resin commercially available from Braskem and the like may also be used.
- polyethylene-based resin derived from fossil resources means polyethylene-based resin that does not contain biomass-derived carbon, that is, has a biomass-derived carbon content of 0%. Therefore, the polyethylene-based resin derived from fossil resources is polymerized only from monomers derived from fossil resources. A copolymer with can be mentioned. Among them, from the viewpoint of suppressing adhesion between fibers during molding of the composite fiber, the polyethylene-based resin derived from fossil resources is preferably a polymer of ethylene derived from fossil resources.
- the density of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin is not particularly limited, but can be exemplified from 0.91 to 0.96 g/cm 3 .
- the density of the polyethylene resin derived from fossil resources is not particularly limited, but can be exemplified from 0.91 to 0.96 g / cm 3 , and from the viewpoint of expressing moderate crystallinity and imparting rigidity to the composite fiber. , 0.93 to 0.96 g/cm 3 .
- the biomass-derived carbon content in the polyethylene resin in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 90%, more preferably 30 to 70%, and 40 to 50%. More preferred. If the biomass-derived carbon content rate in the polyethylene resin is 20% or more, it is preferable because it not only suppresses the consumption of fossil resources but also imparts flexibility to the nonwoven fabric. It is preferable because a nonwoven fabric can be obtained.
- melt mass flow rate (hereinafter abbreviated as MFR) of the polyethylene resin that can be suitably used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 40 g/10 minutes, and preferably 16 to 20 g/10 minutes. is more preferred, and 17 to 19 g/10 minutes is even more preferred.
- MFR melt mass flow rate
- the physical properties of the polyethylene resin other than the MFR such as Q value (weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight), Rockwell hardness, number of branched methyl chains, etc., are not particularly limited as long as they satisfy the requirements of the present invention. .
- the second component is not particularly limited as long as it contains a polyethylene resin, but preferably contains 80% by mass or more of the polyethylene resin, more preferably 90% by mass or more of the polyethylene resin. is that Additives exemplified for the first component may be included as appropriate, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the first component is a polyester resin
- the second component has a melting point higher than that of the first component. It is not particularly limited as long as it is composed of a polyethylene-based resin having a low viscosity, and it can be used by selecting from the above-described first component and second component.
- Specific first component/second component combinations include polyethylene terephthalate/high density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate/linear low density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate/low density polyethylene, polybutylene terephthalate/high density polyethylene, or polylactic acid.
- High density polyethylene can be exemplified. A preferred combination among these is polyethylene terephthalate/high-density polyethylene.
- the biomass-derived carbon content of the composite fiber in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 15 to 60%, and even more preferably 25 to 40%. If the biomass-derived carbon content rate of the composite fiber is 10% or more, it is preferable because the consumption of fossil resources can be suppressed, and if it is 60% or less, it becomes easy to maintain the original physical properties of the resin, and the nonwoven fabric has bulkiness. It is preferable because it can provide flexibility.
- the conjugate fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferably a sheath-core heat-fusible conjugate fiber having the first component as the core component and the second component as the sheath component. Above all, it is preferable that the second component has a composite form that completely covers the surface of the composite fiber, and a concentric or eccentric sheath-core structure is more preferable.
- the cross-sectional shape of the conjugate fiber may be round such as circle and ellipse, square such as triangle and square, irregular shape such as star and octalobate, or hollow.
- the composition ratio when combining the first component and the second component is not particularly limited, but the first component / second component is preferably 20/80 to 80/20 (weight ratio), and 40 /60 to 70/30 (weight ratio) is more preferable.
- the composition ratio is preferably 20/80 to 80/20 (weight ratio), and 40 /60 to 70/30 (weight ratio) is more preferable.
- the fineness of the composite fiber in the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2.2 dtex or less, more preferably 0.5 to 2.1 dtex, and 1.6 to 1.8 dtex. More preferred. When the fineness of the composite fiber is 2.2 dtex or less, it is possible to obtain satisfactory softness and texture, especially as a nonwoven fabric for sanitary materials.
- the breaking strength of the composite fiber is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1.0 to 4.0 cN/dtex, and 1.5 to 2.0 cN/dtex for composite fibers used in absorbent articles, for example. More preferably 5 cN/dtex. If the breaking strength of the composite fiber is 1.0 cN/dtex or more, it is possible to obtain a nonwoven fabric with sufficient strength, and if it is 4.0 cN/dtex or less, it is possible to improve the softness and texture of the nonwoven fabric. becomes. Moreover, although the breaking elongation of the conjugate fiber is not particularly limited, it is preferably 30 to 170%, more preferably 50 to 150%, and even more preferably 60 to 120%. When the breaking elongation of the conjugate fiber is 30% or more, it is preferable because the flexibility and texture of the nonwoven fabric can be improved. It is possible to
- the crimping of the composite fiber is not particularly limited, and the presence or absence of crimping, the number of crimps, and the number of crimps are determined in consideration of the web forming method, the specifications of the web forming equipment, the productivity and required physical properties of the nonwoven fabric, and the like. Crimp properties such as modulus, residual crimp rate, and crimp elastic modulus can be appropriately selected.
- the shape of the crimp is not particularly limited, and a zigzag-shaped mechanical crimp, a spiral-shaped or ohmic-shaped three-dimensional crimp, or the like can be appropriately selected.
- the crimp may be actual or latent in the heat-fusible conjugate fiber.
- the heat of fusion of the polyester resin in the composite fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 24 J/g or more, more preferably 26 J/g or more.
- the heat of fusion of the polyester resin in the composite fiber is considered to be a value that reflects the crystallinity of the polyester resin in the composite fiber. It becomes possible to impart bulkiness and softness to the nonwoven fabric.
- the upper limit of the heat of fusion of the polyester resin in the composite fiber is not particularly limited, but is practically 35 J/g or less.
- the fiber length of the heat-fusible conjugate fiber in the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 30 to 64 mm. Within such a range, it is possible to easily obtain a web having excellent opening property and texture in a web forming process such as a carding method, and a nonwoven fabric having uniform physical properties can be obtained, which is preferable.
- the method for producing the heat-fusible conjugate fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any known method for producing a heat-fusible conjugate fiber may be employed, but it is possible to achieve high productivity and high yield.
- a method for producing the heat-fusible conjugate fiber the method described later can be exemplified.
- a polyester-based resin which is a raw material for the composite fiber of the present invention, is added to the first component, a polyethylene-based resin having a melting point lower than that of the first component is added to the second component, and the first component and the second component are melt-spun. is a combined undrawn fiber.
- the temperature conditions during melt spinning are not particularly limited, but the spinning temperature is preferably 250°C or higher, more preferably 280°C or higher, and still more preferably 300°C or higher. If the spinning temperature is 250° C. or higher, the number of broken yarns during spinning can be reduced, and an undrawn yarn that tends to retain elongation after drawing can be obtained, and the fineness can be easily reduced. These effects become more pronounced, and a temperature of 300° C. or higher is even more pronounced, which is preferable.
- the upper limit of the temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which spinning can be suitably performed.
- the spinning speed is not particularly limited, it is preferably 300-1500 m/min, more preferably 400-1000 m/min.
- a spinning speed of 300 m/min or more is preferable in terms of increasing the single-hole discharge rate when obtaining an undrawn yarn having an arbitrary spinning fineness and obtaining satisfactory productivity.
- the undrawn fibers obtained under the above conditions are drawn in the drawing step.
- the stretching temperature is 30 to 70° C. higher than the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin constituting the first component and below the melting point of the polyethylene resin constituting the second component, preferably the polyester resin. It is 35 to 60°C higher than the glass transition temperature of and 5°C or lower than the melting point of the polyethylene resin.
- the drawing temperature means the temperature of the fiber at the drawing start position. If the stretching temperature is "the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin as the first component + 30°C" or higher, the effect can be obtained even if the film is stretched at a high strain rate, that is, at a high magnification, which is preferable. Also, the drawing temperature must be lower than the melting point of the polyethylene resin, which is the second component, to suppress the destabilization of the drawing process due to fusion between fibers. For example, when stretching an undrawn fiber in which polyethylene terephthalate having a glass transition temperature of 70°C is used as the first component and high-density polyethylene having a melting point of 130°C is used as the second component, and the stretching temperature.
- the drawing temperature is 100° C. or higher, the amount of heat applied to the fiber increases, and the difference in drawability between the polyester-based resin and the polyethylene-based resin becomes small. As a result, the risk of sheath-core peeling during card processing in the non-woven fabric manufacturing process is reduced.
- the draw ratio is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 to 7 times, more preferably 4 to 6 times.
- the draw ratio is preferably 2 to 7 times, more preferably 4 to 6 times.
- the drawn fibers obtained in the drawing step may be mechanically crimped by a crimper or the like.
- the number of crimps applied in the crimping step is not particularly limited, and is preferably 10 to 25 crimps/2.54 cm. Adjustable.
- the drawn fibers obtained in the drawing step may be heat treated.
- Heat treatment after stretching increases the crystallinity of the polyester-based resin, which is the first component of the heat-fusible conjugate fiber, and improves the bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric.
- the heat treatment temperature is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to perform the heat treatment at a temperature higher than 30 to 70° C., which is the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin, and lower than the melting point of the polyethylene resin.
- the conjugate fiber of the present invention When the conjugate fiber of the present invention is processed into a non-woven fabric and a carding process is employed, the conjugate fiber must be cut to an arbitrary length in order to pass through a carding machine.
- the length to cut the conjugate fiber and the cut length are preferably 30 to 64 mm from the viewpoint of fineness and carding machine passing performance.
- the conjugate fiber of the present invention may have its surface treated with various fiber treatment agents, thereby imparting functions such as hydrophilicity, water repellency, antistatic properties, surface smoothness, and abrasion resistance. be able to.
- the step of applying the fiber treatment agent the method of applying the fiber treatment agent to the undrawn fiber by a kiss roll when the undrawn fiber is taken off, or the method of applying the fiber treatment agent during and/or after drawing by a touch roll method, a dipping method, a spraying method, or the like. can be exemplified.
- nonwoven fabric Since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention contains the heat-fusible conjugate fibers described above, it reduces the consumption of fossil resources and is excellent in bulkiness and flexibility.
- the biomass-derived carbon content of the nonwoven fabric in the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppressing the consumption of fossil resources, it is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 15 to 60%. It is more preferably 40% or more. In order to obtain such a nonwoven fabric having a biomass-derived carbon content of 10% or more, only conjugate fibers having a biomass-derived carbon content of 10% or more may be used, or mixed with other fibers to obtain a total Alternatively, the biomass-derived carbon content may be 10% or more.
- Fibers include, for example, natural fibers (wood fibers, etc.), regenerated fibers (rayon, etc.), semi-synthetic fibers (acetate, etc.), chemical fibers, and synthetic fibers (polyester, acrylic, nylon, vinyl chloride, etc.). It's okay.
- the mixing ratio of such fibers other than the heat-fusible conjugate fibers is not limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, but can be, for example, 1 to 50% by weight.
- the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited, it is preferably 15 to 40 g/m 2 and more preferably 18 to 30 g/m 2 when used as a nonwoven fabric for sanitary materials. If the basis weight is 15 g/m 2 or more, it is preferable because the texture and cushioning properties can be maintained and liquid return can be suppressed, and if it is 40 g/m 2 or less, surface smoothness, air permeability, and liquid permeability It is preferable because it can be held.
- the specific volume of the nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited, it is preferably 30 to 100 cm 3 /g, more preferably 50 to 70 cm 3 /g, especially when used as a nonwoven fabric for sanitary materials.
- the specific volume is a parameter used as an index of bulkiness, and it can be evaluated that the larger the specific volume, the bulkier the nonwoven fabric. If the specific volume is 30 cm 3 /g or more, it is possible to obtain a bulkiness that can be applied as a sanitary material. It is preferable because it has excellent workability into sanitary materials.
- the strength (MD strength) of the nonwoven fabric in the longitudinal direction is not particularly limited, it is preferably 35 N/50 mm or more, more preferably 45 N/50 mm or more. If the MD strength of the nonwoven fabric is 35 N/50 mm or more, it is preferable because it is excellent in workability into sanitary materials.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention may consist of one type of (single-layer) nonwoven fabric, or may be a laminate of two or more types of nonwoven fabrics having different fineness, compositions, densities, etc. of the conjugate fibers used.
- two or more types of nonwoven fabrics are laminated, for example, by laminating nonwoven fabrics with different fineness of conjugate fibers, a nonwoven fabric in which the size of the gap formed between the fibers changes in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric is used. It is possible to control the properties, liquid permeation rate, surface texture, etc.
- a nonwoven fabric in which the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the nonwoven fabric change in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric can be obtained, and the liquid permeability and the liquid permeation rate can be controlled.
- nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, but other nonwoven fabrics such as through-air nonwoven fabrics, airlaid nonwoven fabrics, spunbond nonwoven fabrics, meltblown nonwoven fabrics, spunlace nonwoven fabrics, needle punch nonwoven fabrics, films, meshes, or nets, films, and sheets. may be laminated and integrated with.
- nonwoven fabrics such as through-air nonwoven fabrics, airlaid nonwoven fabrics, spunbond nonwoven fabrics, meltblown nonwoven fabrics, spunlace nonwoven fabrics, needle punch nonwoven fabrics, films, meshes, or nets, films, and sheets.
- the method of stacking and integrating is not particularly limited, but examples include a method of stacking and integrating using an adhesive such as hot melt, and a method of stacking and integrating by thermal bonding such as through air or heat embossing.
- the nonwoven fabric is subjected to shaping processing, perforation processing, antistatic processing, water repellent processing, hydrophilic processing, antibacterial processing, ultraviolet absorption processing, near infrared absorption processing, electret processing, etc. within the range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. may be applied according to
- the method for producing the nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited, and a method of forming a web containing the heat-fusible conjugate fibers described above and integrating them by heat or entangling can be exemplified.
- the method of forming the web is not particularly limited, and even a long fiber web formed by a spunbond method, a meltblown method, a tow opening method, or the like can be carded using short fibers (staples or chops). It may be a short fiber web formed by a method, an airlaid method, a wet method, or the like, but from the viewpoint of imparting bulkiness and flexibility to the nonwoven fabric, a card method or an airlaid method is preferable, and a card method is used. is more preferable.
- the term "web” refers to a fiber assembly in which fibers are not a little entangled, and means a state in which intersection points of heat-fusible conjugate fibers are not fused.
- the method for unifying the web by heat or entangling is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a through-air method, a heat calendering method, a hydroentangling method, or a needle punching method, but from the viewpoint of imparting bulkiness and flexibility to the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, the through-air method is preferred.
- a through-air method known equipment such as a method of heat-sealing conjugate fibers with each other by means of a heat treatment device (e.g., hot air penetration type heat treatment device, hot air blowing type heat treatment device) equipped with a transport support for supporting and transporting the web, Apply the conditions.
- the heat-fusible composite fiber of the present invention can be used, for example, in sanitary materials such as diapers, napkins, or incontinence pads, medical materials such as masks, gowns, or surgical gowns, wall sheets, shoji paper, or flooring materials.
- Living-related materials such as interior materials, cover cloths, cleaning wipers, or garbage covers, toiletry products such as disposable toilets or toilet covers, pet products such as pet sheets, pet diapers, or pet towels, wiping Industrial materials such as materials, filters, cushioning materials, oil adsorbents, ink tank adsorbents, covering materials, poultice materials, bedding materials, nursing care products, etc. It can be used for a variety of demanding textile applications.
- Biomass-derived carbon content (biomass-derived carbon ( 14 C) amount in sample/total carbon amount in sample) x 100 ⁇ Intrinsic viscosity of polyester resin> Measured according to JIS K 7367-1.
- MFR melt mass flow rate
- thermoplastic resins used in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
- Bio-PET Biomass-derived polyethylene terephthalate
- Fossil resource-derived polyethylene terephthalate abbreviation: fossil PET
- Fossil resource-derived polyethylene terephthalate abbreviation: fossil PET
- Biomass-derived high-density polyethylene abbreviation: bio-PE
- bio-PE Biomass-derived high-density polyethylene
- Nonwoven fabric processing The resulting heat-fusible conjugate fiber is passed through a roller card machine to obtain a fiber web, and a 100 cm x 30 cm piece is cut out from the fiber web and heat treated at a processing temperature of 130°C using a hot air circulation type heat treatment machine to remove the sheath component. A nonwoven fabric was obtained by heat-sealing.
- Tables 1 and 2 summarize the manufacturing conditions and physical property evaluation results for each example and comparative example.
- the blending ratio of the polyethylene resin derived from biomass and the polyethylene resin derived from fossil resources is 20: 80 to 90: 10.
- Such a heat-fusible conjugate fiber has a high biomass-derived carbon content, maintains bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric even when fineness is reduced, and has satisfactory flexibility.
- Examples 1 to 3 had a small fineness of the conjugate fiber and were very excellent in flexibility.
- the composite fiber of Comparative Example 1 had a high blending ratio of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin and a small specific volume (low bulk). This is because the blending ratio of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin is high, and the molecular weight decreases significantly during the melting process of the resin.
- Comparative Example 2 when the drawing temperature was lowered in order to increase the specific volume (increase the bulk), the fineness increased and the flexibility was impaired (Comparative Example 2).
- the composite fiber of Comparative Example 3 had a low blending ratio of the biomass-derived polyethylene resin, resulting in slightly inferior bulkiness and flexibility, and was generally difficult to apply as a sanitary material.
- Comparative Example 4 which does not contain a biomass-derived resin, has an acceptable bulkiness, but is slightly inferior in flexibility, has a low biomass-derived carbon content, and cannot suppress the consumption of fossil resources. I didn't.
- the heat-fusible conjugate fiber of the present invention is obtained by blending biomass-derived polyethylene-based resin and fossil resource-derived polyethylene-based resin in an appropriate ratio as the polyethylene-based resin that constitutes the second component. It is possible to provide a nonwoven fabric with reduced consumption and excellent bulkiness and flexibility.
- sanitary materials such as diapers, napkins, or incontinence pads, medical materials such as masks, gowns, or surgical gowns, interior materials such as wall sheets, shoji paper, or flooring materials, cover cloths, cleaning wipers, Or daily life-related materials such as garbage covers, toiletry products such as disposable toilets or toilet covers, pet supplies such as pet sheets, pet diapers, or pet towels, wiping materials, filters, cushion materials, oil adsorbents, Or for industrial materials such as adsorbents for ink tanks, coating materials, poultice materials, bedding materials, nursing care products, and various other textile products that require low consumption of fossil resources and are bulky and flexible. can be used.
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Abstract
Description
[1]第1成分がポリエステル系樹脂、第2成分が前記第1成分よりも融点の低いポリエチレン系樹脂で構成された熱融着性複合繊維であって、前記ポリエチレン系樹脂において、バイオマス由来のポリエチレン系樹脂と化石資源由来のポリエチレン系樹脂との配合比(重量比)が20:80~90:10である、熱融着性複合繊維。
[2]前記ポリエチレン系樹脂中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が20~90%である、[1]に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[3]前記熱融着性複合繊維中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が10%以上である、[1]または[2]に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[4]前記ポリエステル系樹脂中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が30%以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[5]前記熱融着性複合繊維の繊度が2.2dtex以下である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[6]前記熱融着性複合繊維におけるポリエステル系樹脂の融解熱が24J/g以上である、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[7]前記熱融着性複合繊維が、前記第1成分を芯成分、前記第2成分を鞘成分とする鞘芯型熱融着性複合繊維である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[8]前記ポリエステル系樹脂がポリエチレンテレフタレートであり、前記ポリエチレン系樹脂が高密度ポリエチレンである、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
[9][1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維を含む、不織布。
[10][1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の熱融着性複合繊維を用いた吸収性物品。
本発明における第1成分を構成するポリエステル系樹脂としては、特に限定されないが、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどの芳香族ポリエステル系樹脂を好ましく使用できる。また、上記芳香族ポリエステル系樹脂の他に脂肪族ポリエステル系樹脂も用いることができ、好ましい脂肪族ポリエステル系樹脂としては、ポリ乳酸やポリブチレンサクシネートなどが挙げられる。これらのポリエステル系樹脂は、単独重合体だけでなく、共重合ポリエステル(コポリエステル)でもよい。このとき、共重合成分としては、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、2,6-ナフタレンジカルボン酸などのジカルボン酸成分、ジエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコールなどのジオール成分、L-乳酸などの光学異性体が利用できる。このような共重合体として、ポリブチレンテレフタレートアジペートなどが挙げられる。更に、これらポリエステル系樹脂の2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。中でも、原料コスト、不織布の嵩高性、得られる繊維の熱安定性などを考慮すると、第1成分としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレートのみで構成された未変性ポリマーが好ましい。
本発明におけるポリエチレン系樹脂としては、特に限定されず、高密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、またはエチレンと他の成分(例えば、α-オレフィン)との共重合体、またはこれらの混合物を例示できるが、繊維表面に露出したポリエチレン系樹脂同士が、紡糸時に冷却固化しきれずに融着する現象を抑制する観点からは、高密度ポリエチレンのみから構成されていることが好ましい。
本発明における熱融着性複合繊維(以下、「複合繊維」という場合がある。)を構成する成分の組み合わせとしては、第1成分がポリエステル系樹脂、第2成分が前記第1成分よりも融点の低いポリエチレン系樹脂で構成されているものであれば、特に限定されず、前記で説明した第1成分及び第2成分から選択して使用できる。具体的な第1成分/第2成分の組み合わせとしては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/高密度ポリエチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/低密度ポリエチレン、ポリブチレンテレフタレート/高密度ポリエチレン、またはポリ乳酸/高密度ポリエチレンを例示できる。この中で好ましい組み合わせは、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/高密度ポリエチレンである。
本発明の熱融着性複合繊維の製造方法としては、特に限定されず、公知の熱融着性複合繊維の製造方法のいずれを採用してもよいが、高い生産性で、かつ高い歩留まりで、該熱融着性複合繊維を製造する方法としては、後述の方法を例示することができる。
本発明の複合繊維の原料となるポリエステル系樹脂を第1成分に配し、第1成分よりも低い融点を有するポリエチレン系樹脂を第2成分に配し、溶融紡糸によって第1成分と第2成分が複合化された未延伸繊維とする。
上記条件により得られた未延伸繊維を、延伸工程において延伸処理する。延伸温度は、第1成分を構成するポリエステル系樹脂のガラス転移温度よりも30~70℃高温で、かつ第2成分を構成するポリエチレン系樹脂の融点未満の温度であり、好ましくは、ポリエステル系樹脂のガラス転移温度よりも35~60℃高温で、かつポリエチレン系樹脂の融点の5℃以下の温度である。
延伸工程で得られた延伸繊維に、クリンパーなどによって機械捲縮を付与してもよい。捲縮工程で付与する捲縮数としては、特に限定されるものではなく、10~25山/2.54cmであることが好ましく、例えば、押し込み型クリンパーにおけるスタッフィングボックス圧力などを適宜変更することで調整可能である。
延伸工程で得られた延伸繊維は、熱処理されてもよい。延伸の後に熱処理を施すことで、熱融着性複合繊維の第1成分であるポリエステル系樹脂の結晶性が増大し、不織布の嵩高性を向上させることができる。熱処理温度は、特に限定されないが、ポリエステル系樹脂のガラス転移温度の30~70℃以上高温で、かつポリエチレン系樹脂の融点未満の温度範囲で行うのが好ましい。
本発明の複合繊維を用いて不織布に加工する際に、カード工程を採用する場合、複合繊維を、カード機を通過させるために任意の長さにカットする必要がある。複合繊維をカットする長さ、カット長は、繊度やカード機の通過性能の観点から、30~64mmであることが好ましい。
また、本発明の複合繊維は、その表面が各種の繊維処理剤で処理されていてもよく、これによって親水性、撥水性、制電性、表面平滑性、耐摩耗性などの機能を付与することができる。
繊維処理剤の付着工程については、繊維処理剤を、未延伸繊維の引取り時にキスロールにて付着する方法や、延伸時及び/又は延伸後にタッチロール法、浸漬法、噴霧法などで付着する方法を例示できる。
本発明の不織布は、上述した熱融着性複合繊維を含んでいることから、化石資源の消費を抑え、かつ嵩高性と柔軟性に優れたものとなる。
不織布の製造方法としては、特に限定されず、上述した熱融着性複合繊維を含有するウェブを形成し、熱や交絡によって一体化する方法を例示できる。
<バイオマス由来炭素含有率>
試料を加速機質量分光計(AMS)(タンデム加速器と質量分析計を組合わせたもの)を用いて、全炭素および14Cの含有量を測定した。試料中の全炭素および14Cの含有量から、下記式により、試料に含まれる炭素のうちのバイオマス由来炭素含有率を算出した。
バイオマス由来炭素含有率(%)=(試料中のバイオマス由来の炭素(14C)量/試料中の全炭素量)×100
<ポリエステル系樹脂の固有粘度>
JIS K 7367-1に準じて測定した。
<ポリエチレン系樹脂のMFR>
JIS K 7210に準拠し、メルトマスフローレート(MFR)の測定を行った。附属書A表1の条件D(試験温度190℃、荷重2.16kg)に準拠して測定した。
<未延伸繊維の繊度、熱融着性複合繊維の繊度、破断強度、破断伸度>
JIS-L-1015に準じて測定した。
<熱融着性複合繊維におけるポリエステル系樹脂の融解熱>
パーキンエルマージャパン製の示差走査熱量測定機(DSC8500)を用いて、以下の手順により、複合繊維におけるポリエステル系樹脂の融解熱を測定した。まず、複合繊維を4.20~4.80mgの質量になるようにカットし、これをサンプルパンに充填し、カバーした。次いで、N2パージ内で30℃~300℃まで、10℃/minの昇温速度で測定し、溶融チャートを得た。得られたチャートを解析し、245℃から250℃の範囲にある吸熱ピークの面積から、ポリエステル系樹脂の融解熱を算出した。
<不織布の目付>
10cm×10cmの正方形に不織布を3枚切り出し、各重量をそれぞれ測定し、単位面積当たりに換算し、得られた値の平均値を不織布の目付とした。
<不織布の嵩高性>
東洋精機製のデジシックネステスターを用いて、直径35mmの圧力子(荷重)によって、3.5g/cm2の圧力を掛け、その時の厚みを測定した。測定した厚みから下記の数式を用いて比容積を算出した。
比容積(cm3/g)=厚み(mm)÷目付(g/m2)×1000
<不織布のMD強度>
50mm×150mmの大きさで、長手方向に長く切り出したサンプルを、島津製作所製のオートグラフ(AGX-J)を用い、チャック間距離100mm、引張速度100mm/minで引っ張った時の最大強力を不織布のMD強度とした。
<不織布の柔軟性>
不織布を150mm×150mmに切り出し、表面の滑らかさ、クッション性、ドレープ性の観点から5人のパネラーによる官能試験(「良好」または「悪い」)を行い、不織布の柔軟性を下記の3段階で判定した。
◎:5人全員が「良好」であり、優れた柔軟性と判断できる。
○:1人が「悪い」であり、満足できる柔軟性と判断できる。
△:2~3人が「悪い」であり、柔軟性にやや劣ると判断できる。
×:4人以上が「悪い」であり、柔軟性が悪いと判断できる。
<熱可塑性樹脂1>
固有粘度が0.65、ガラス転移点が70℃、バイオマス由来炭素含有率が30%である、バイオマス由来のポリエチレンテレフタレート(略記号:バイオPET)
<熱可塑性樹脂2>
固有粘度が0.64、ガラス転移点が70℃、バイオマス由来炭素含有率が0%である、化石資源由来のポリエチレンテレフタレート(略記号:化石PET)
<熱可塑性樹脂3>
密度0.96g/cm3、MFRが20g/10分、融点が130℃、バイオマス由来炭素含有率が94%である、バイオマス由来の高密度ポリエチレン(略記号:バイオPE)
<熱可塑性樹脂4>
密度0.96g/cm3、MFRが16g/10分、融点が130℃、バイオマス由来炭素含有率が0%である、化石資源由来の高密度ポリエチレン(略記号:化石PE)
表1および2に示す条件に従って、実施例および比較例の熱融着性複合繊維および不織布を製造した。
表1および2に示す樹脂を用い、紡糸温度305℃にて、表1に示す第1成分/第2成分比率(重量比)で紡糸し、第1成分を芯側、第2成分を鞘側に配した同心鞘芯構造の未延伸繊維を得た。
得られた未延伸繊維を、延伸機を用い、表1および2に示す条件で延伸工程を行った。その後、捲縮数が16山/2.54cmとなるように捲縮を行い、表1に示す熱処理温度で5分間熱処理を施し、繊維長が44mmとなるようにカットし、熱融着性複合繊維を得た。
得られた熱融着性複合繊維をローラーカード機に掛け繊維ウェブを採取し、繊維ウェブから100cm×30cmを切り出して熱風循環式の熱処理機を用い、加工温度130℃で熱処理して鞘成分を熱融着させることで不織布を得た。
一方、比較例1の複合繊維はバイオマス由来のポリエチレン系樹脂の配合比が高く、比容積が小さい(嵩が低い)ものであった。これは、バイオマス由来のポリエチレン系樹脂の配合比が高いことで、樹脂の溶融過程で分子量低下が大きく、十分な延伸性が得られず、ポリエステル系樹脂の結晶化度が低下したことに起因していると考えられる。また、比容積を大きく(嵩を高く)するために、延伸温度を下げると、繊度が大きくなり、柔軟性が損なわれる結果となった(比較例2)。また、比較例3の複合繊維はバイオマス由来のポリエチレン系樹脂の配合比が低く、嵩高さと柔軟性がやや劣る結果となり、総合的に衛生材料用としては適用困難なものであった。バイオマス由来の樹脂を含んでいない比較例4は、許容できる嵩高性が得られたものの、柔軟性にやや劣るばかりか、バイオマス由来炭素含有率が低く、化石資源の消費を抑えることができるものではなかった。
Claims (10)
- 第1成分がポリエステル系樹脂、第2成分が前記第1成分よりも融点の低いポリエチレン系樹脂で構成された熱融着性複合繊維であって、前記ポリエチレン系樹脂において、バイオマス由来のポリエチレン系樹脂と化石資源由来のポリエチレン系樹脂との配合比(重量比)が20:80~90:10である、熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記ポリエチレン系樹脂中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が20~90%である、請求項1に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記熱融着性複合繊維中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が10%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記ポリエステル系樹脂中のバイオマス由来炭素含有率が30%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記熱融着性複合繊維の繊度が2.2dtex以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記熱融着性複合繊維におけるポリエステル系樹脂の融解熱が24J/g以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記熱融着性複合繊維が、前記第1成分を芯成分、前記第2成分を鞘成分とする鞘芯型熱融着性複合繊維である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 前記ポリエステル系樹脂がポリエチレンテレフタレートであり、前記ポリエチレン系樹脂が高密度ポリエチレンである、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維を含む、不織布。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の熱融着性複合繊維を用いた吸収性物品。
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JP2008150759A (ja) | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-03 | Nippon Ester Co Ltd | ポリエステル複合繊維 |
JP2009091694A (ja) | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-30 | Unitica Fibers Ltd | ポリエチレンテレフタレート、それを用いた繊維及び自動車内装材 |
JP2010065342A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Nippon Ester Co Ltd | 複合繊維 |
JP2011038207A (ja) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-24 | Unitika Ltd | 複合繊維 |
JP2012140728A (ja) | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-26 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | ポリエステルおよびポリエチレンからなる芯鞘型複合繊維 |
JP2017214662A (ja) | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | Esファイバービジョンズ株式会社 | 熱融着性複合繊維およびその製造方法、これを用いた不織布 |
JP2018199885A (ja) * | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-20 | 東レ株式会社 | 不織布 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN115198392A (zh) | 2022-10-18 |
US20240200232A1 (en) | 2024-06-20 |
JP2022160710A (ja) | 2022-10-20 |
EP4321662A1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
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