WO2022213765A1 - 一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213765A1
WO2022213765A1 PCT/CN2022/080019 CN2022080019W WO2022213765A1 WO 2022213765 A1 WO2022213765 A1 WO 2022213765A1 CN 2022080019 W CN2022080019 W CN 2022080019W WO 2022213765 A1 WO2022213765 A1 WO 2022213765A1
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Prior art keywords
present disclosure
ropivacaine
suspension injection
mixture
suspension
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PCT/CN2022/080019
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙思平
曾亮
葛强
蒋定强
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浙江仙琚萃泽医药科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022213765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022213765A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10Dispersions; Emulsions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a ropivacaine suspension injection and a preparation method thereof.
  • Postoperative pain is acute pain that occurs immediately after surgery (usually lasting no more than 7 days), its nature is acute nociceptive pain, and it is also the most common and most urgent clinical acute pain. If it is not fully controlled in the initial state, it is easy to evolve into chronic postoperative pain. Opioids are commonly used clinically to treat postoperative pain, but they have adverse reactions such as respiratory depression and addiction. Local anesthetics are also the most important clinical analgesics, including procaine, lidocaine, tetracaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine, but the existing local anesthetics have relatively short effective durations ( Usually lasts less than 7 hours).
  • a continuous incision analgesia device is used clinically to instill amide-type local anesthetics in the wound to maintain a certain therapeutic concentration.
  • this device still has certain shortcomings, such as: the medicine storage bag must be carried around, which brings inconvenience to the patient; the placement of the osmotic catheter in the body increases local irritation, and there are certain complications; it is difficult to remove the osmotic catheter after treatment. Therefore, the development of long-acting local anesthetics has become a hot research topic.
  • Ropivacaine one of the safest peripheral nerve block anesthetics on the market, is widely used in acute pain management. Its mechanism of action is to play an anesthetic effect by inhibiting nerve cell sodium ion channels and blocking nerve excitation and conduction.
  • Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection is widely used in the market today, and its analgesic effect lasts 3-6 hours after a single intrathecal injection; however, the management of postoperative pain takes several days.
  • Clinically, non-continuous multiple injections of local anesthetics, continuous drug infusion through epidural space or peripheral nerve catheterization, etc. can be used to achieve postoperative analgesia that lasts for several days.
  • Continuous local anesthetic infusion can effectively control pain, but requires relatively expensive equipment and continuous monitoring, and long-term indwelling catheters are prone to catheter displacement and complications (such as local tissue necrosis, cellulitis, and surgical wound infection, etc.).
  • frequent dosing can also increase fluctuations in plasma concentrations, reduce patient compliance, cause pain and inconvenience to patients, and lead to serious side effects.
  • sustained-release gel preparations containing ropivacaine have also been tried, but the sustained-release gel will swell after subcutaneous injection, which will cause tissue stretch, affecting drug absorption and patient experience. Therefore, there is a desire in the art to provide ropivacaine formulations with better patient experience or compliance while providing sustained release analgesia.
  • a ropivacaine suspension injection can be provided, which comprises ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection is in the range of in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • a method for preparing the ropivacaine suspension injection as disclosed in the present disclosure comprising the following steps:
  • mixture 1 (1) mixing ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients to obtain mixture 1;
  • a solid composition obtained by drying the ropivacaine suspension injection according to the present disclosure.
  • ropivacaine suspension injection according to the present disclosure or the solid composition according to the present disclosure in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing pain may be provided.
  • the expression "A and/or B” includes three situations: (1) A; (2) B; and (3) A and B.
  • the expression "A, B and/or C” includes seven situations: (1) A; (2) B; (3) C; (4) A and B; (5) A and C; (6) B and C ; and (7) A, B, and C.
  • the meaning of similar expressions can be deduced in the same way.
  • median particle size D50 refers to the particle size at which the cumulative distribution of particles is 50%, that is, the volume content of particles smaller than this particle size accounts for 50% of all particles.
  • D10 refers to the particle size at which the cumulative distribution of particles is 10%, that is, the volume content of particles smaller than this particle size accounts for 10% of the total particles.
  • D90 refers to the particle size at which the cumulative distribution of particles is 90%, that is, the volume content of particles smaller than this particle size accounts for 90% of all particles.
  • ropivacaine Since ropivacaine is less soluble in water, it can be prepared as a suspension injection. For ropivacaine suspension injection, if the particle size is too small, it will lead to rapid release, so that the effect of long-term sustained release cannot be achieved; if the particle size is too large, it will lead to ropivacaine in the administration The parts are unevenly dispersed and accumulated in large quantities, resulting in multiple releases and unstable blood drug concentration, and the excessively large particle size will also affect the acupuncture of the preparation, which is inconvenient for clinical administration.
  • the present disclosure provides a ropivacaine suspension injection, which is stably released in the body for a long time, which can not only prolong the analgesic effect time for postoperative pain, but also be convenient for doctors and patients to use, so as to achieve good medication compliance sex.
  • the ropivacaine suspension injection of the present disclosure can continuously release drugs in the body, and has an analgesic effect of not less than 12 hours, preferably an analgesic effect of not less than 24 hours, and more preferably analgesia of not less than 72 hours effect.
  • the cost of the ropivacaine suspension injection of the present disclosure is greatly reduced (the cost is only about 1/3 to 1/3 of the cost of the commercially available ropivacaine preparations). /4), which can benefit more patients suffering from pain and reduce their drug burden.
  • a ropivacaine suspension injection can be provided, which comprises ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection is in the range of In the range of about 1 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution of the suspension injection may be: D10 is in the range of about 1 ⁇ m to about 10 ⁇ m, D50 is in the range of about 1 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m, D90 is in the range of about 5 ⁇ m to about 5 ⁇ m within the range of 100 ⁇ m.
  • a ropivacaine suspension injection can be provided, which comprises ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection is in the range of In the range of about 3 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution of the suspension injection may be: D10 is in the range of about 1 ⁇ m to about 10 ⁇ m, D50 is in the range of about 3 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m, D90 is in the range of about 5 ⁇ m to about 5 ⁇ m within the range of 100 ⁇ m.
  • a ropivacaine suspension injection can be provided, which comprises ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection is in the range of In the range of about 5 ⁇ m to about 20 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution of the suspension injection may be: D10 is in the range of about 2 ⁇ m to about 8 ⁇ m, D50 is in the range of about 5 ⁇ m to about 20 ⁇ m, D90 is in the range of about 10 ⁇ m to about in the range of 60 ⁇ m.
  • the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection may be in the range of about 9 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution of the suspension injection may be: D10 is in the range of about 2.5 ⁇ m to about 10 ⁇ m, D50 is in the range of about 9 ⁇ m to about 40 ⁇ m, D90 is in the range of about 20 ⁇ m to about 20 ⁇ m in the range of about 100 ⁇ m.
  • the median particle size D50 of the suspension injection may be in the range of about 12 ⁇ m to about 37 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution of the suspension injection may be: D10 is in the range of about 4 ⁇ m to about 10 ⁇ m, D50 is in the range of about 12 ⁇ m to about 37 ⁇ m, and D90 is in the range of about 30 ⁇ m to about 30 ⁇ m. within the range of 90 ⁇ m.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants may include suspending agents, isotonicity modifiers and surfactants.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant may further comprise a buffer.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant may further comprise a pH adjusting agent.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant may further comprise a preservative.
  • the suspending agent may be selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose and its sodium salt, hydroxypropyl cellulose and its sodium salt, hypromellose and its sodium salt, methyl cellulose and One or more of its sodium salt, hydroxyethyl cellulose and its sodium salt, sodium hyaluronate and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the suspending agent may be sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • the isotonicity modifier may be selected from one or more of sodium chloride, mannitol, sorbitol, glucose, sucrose, fructose, and lactose. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the isotonicity modifier may be sodium chloride and/or mannitol. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the isotonicity modifier may be sodium chloride. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the isotonicity modifier may be mannitol.
  • the surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of poloxamers, lecithin, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80, polysorbate One or more of ester 85, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycols and polyethylene glycol 15-hydroxystearate.
  • the surfactant may be poloxamer and/or lecithin.
  • the surfactant may be Poloxamer 188.
  • the surfactant may be egg yolk lecithin.
  • the buffer may be selected from one or more of a phosphate buffer system, an acetate buffer system, a citrate buffer system, and a tris buffer system.
  • the buffer may be NaH 2 PO 4 /Na 2 HPO 4 .
  • the pH adjusting agent may be selected from fumaric acid, metatartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, adipic acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, One or more of sodium hydroxide, monosodium fumarate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, monosodium citrate, phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium lactate, and sodium acetate.
  • buffering agents can be used as pH adjusting agents.
  • the preservative may be selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, benzalkonium chloride, benzyl alcohol, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, chlorobutanol, gallic acid esters, hydroxybenzoic acid One of methyl ester, EDTA and its salts, chlorocresol, m-cresol, benzethoxyammonium chloride, myristyl- ⁇ -picoline chloride, phenylmercuric acetate, thimerosal or variety.
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain about 0.1-20 g ropivacaine; about 1-10 g ropivacaine; about 1.5-5 g ropivacaine; about 1.8-4 g ropivacaine; or about 2-3.5g ropivacaine;
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain about 0.1-2 g of suspending agent; about 0.2-1 g of suspending agent; about 0.3-0.8 g of suspending agent; about 0.4-0.75 g of suspending agent Suspension; about 0.5-0.63 g of suspending agent; or about 0.5-0.63 g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain about 0.1-10 g isotonicity adjusting agent; about 0.3-7.5 g isotonicity adjusting agent; about 0.5-7.5 g isotonicity adjusting agent; about 0.5 g isotonicity adjusting agent -0.8g sodium chloride; about 0.6-0.7g sodium chloride; about 4-6g mannitol; or about 4.5-5.5g mannitol;
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain about 0.1-10 g of surfactant; about 0.25-5 g of surfactant; about 0.35-4 g of surfactant; about 0.35-0.65 g of polox sham; about 0.4-0.6 g poloxamer; about 0.4-0.6 g poloxamer 188; about 1.5-4 g lecithin; about 2-3 g lecithin; or about 2-3 g egg yolk lecithin.
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may contain:
  • each 100 mL of the suspension injection may further comprise NaH 2 PO 4 /Na 2 HPO 4 buffer and water for injection.
  • the pH of the injection suspension may be about 5-9, preferably about 6-8, preferably about 6.5-8, more preferably about 7-8, more preferably about 7.2-7.8, more preferably about 7.2-7.6, more preferably about 7.3-7.5, more preferably about 7.4.
  • the injection suspension is administered by subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular injection.
  • a method for preparing the ropivacaine suspension injection as disclosed in the present disclosure comprising the following steps:
  • mixture 1 (1) mixing ropivacaine and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients to obtain mixture 1;
  • step (1) includes:
  • the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 4000-9000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 4500-8500 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 5000-8000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 5000-8500 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 5000-9000 rpm for 5 minutes or more.
  • the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 6000-9000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7000-9000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 8000-9000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7000-8000 rpm for 5 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7500-8500 rpm for 5 minutes or more.
  • the shearing lasts 6 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 7 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 8 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 9 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 10 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 12 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 15 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 18 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 20 minutes or more.
  • the shearing lasts 25 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing lasts 30 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing continues for 1 hour or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shearing continues for 2 hours or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 10 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7000-9000 rpm for 10 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7500-8500 rpm for 10 minutes or more.
  • the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 20 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7000-9000 rpm for 20 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7500-8500 rpm for 20 minutes or more.
  • the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 30 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7000-9000 rpm for 30 minutes or more. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 1 is treated under shear conditions at a rotational speed of 7500-8500 rpm for 30 minutes or more.
  • the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 30-1500 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-1000 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-500 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-400 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-300 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-200 bar, one or more times.
  • the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-150 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-120 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-110 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 40-100 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-500 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-400 bar, one or more times.
  • the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-300 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-200 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-150 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-120 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-110 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 45-100 bar, one or more times.
  • the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-500 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-400 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-300 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-200 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-150 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-120 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-110 bar, one or more times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mixture 2 is homogenized at a pressure of 50-100 bar, one or more times.
  • the homogenization treatment is performed 1-10 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-8 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-7 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-6 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-5 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-4 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-3 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed 1-2 times. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the homogenization treatment is performed once.
  • a solid composition obtained by drying the injection suspension according to the present disclosure can be provided. Drying can be performed using methods known in the art, including but not limited to freeze drying, spray drying, spray freeze drying, or other conventional drying means.
  • suspension injection according to the present disclosure or the solid composition according to the present disclosure in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing pain may be provided.
  • Ropivacaine (CAS number: 84057-95-4) used in the examples was purchased from Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was purchased from Ashland Company, and Poloxamer 188 was purchased from Merck Company , egg lecithin was purchased from Japan Kewpie Co., Ltd., mannitol was purchased from Roquette Company, sodium chloride was purchased from Jiangsu Qinfen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate were purchased from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.
  • Venous blood was collected at specific times after administration, and the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters (mean values) of ropivacaine were summarized as follows.
  • Venous blood was collected at specific times after administration, and the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters (mean values) of ropivacaine were summarized as follows.

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Abstract

本公开涉及一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液及其制备方法。具体地,本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在1μm至40μm的范围内。本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液在体内可持续释放药物,具有不小于12小时的镇痛作用,优选不少于24小时的镇痛作用,更优选不少于72小时的镇痛作用。

Description

一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液及其制备方法 技术领域
本公开涉及一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液及其制备方法。
背景技术
术后疼痛是手术后即刻发生的急性疼痛(通常持续不超过7天),其性质为急性伤害性疼痛,也是临床最常见和最需紧急处理的急性疼痛。若在初始状态下未被充分控制,容易演变成为术后慢性痛。临床上常用阿片类药物治疗术后疼痛,但其具有呼吸抑制和成瘾性等不良反应。局麻药也是临床上最重要的镇痛药物,包括普鲁卡因、利多卡因、丁卡因、布比卡因、罗哌卡因,但现有的局麻药物有效作用时间相对较短(通常持续不到7小时)。于是临床上运用切口持续镇痛装置在伤口滴注酰胺类局麻药物,以维持一定的治疗浓度。但是此装置仍然具有一定的缺点,如:贮药袋必须随身携带,这给患者带来了不便;渗透导管置于体内增加了局部刺激性,存在一定并发症;治疗完毕渗透导管取出不易等。因此开发长效局麻药成为如今研究的热点。
罗哌卡因作为市场上最安全的外周神经阻滞麻醉药之一,广泛的应用于急性疼痛管理。其作用机制为通过抑制神经细胞钠离子通道,阻断神经兴奋与传导而起到麻醉作用。目前市场上广泛应用的是盐酸罗哌卡因注射液,其单次鞘内注射后镇痛效果持续3-6小时;然而,术后疼痛的管理需要数天。临床上可应用非连续多次注射局部麻醉药、硬膜外腔或外周神经插入导管连续输注药物等方法实现持续数天的术后镇痛。持续局部麻醉药输注可有效控制疼痛,但需要相对昂贵的设备和连续监测,且长期留置导管易引起导管移位和并发症(如局部组织坏死、蜂窝组织炎和手术伤口感染等)。此外,频繁给药也会增加血药浓度波动、降低患者依从性,给患者造成疼痛和不方便、导致严重的副作用。
科研领域中也曾尝试过包含罗哌卡因的缓释凝胶制剂,但缓释凝胶在皮下注射后会发生膨胀,带来组织的拉伸,影响药物吸收与患者感受。因此,本领域期望提供在缓释镇痛的同时具有更好患者感受或依从性的罗哌卡因制剂。
发明内容
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在1μm至40μm的范围内。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种制备如本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料混合,得到混合物1;
(2)在3000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间,得到混合物2;
(3)在20-2000bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次,得到混合物3;
(4)任选地,调节混合物3的pH值;
(5)任选地,定容。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种固体组合物,其是通过将根据本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液进行干燥之后得到的。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供根据本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液或根据本公开的固体组合物在制造用于治疗或预防疼痛的药物中的用途。
具体实施方式
除非另有说明,否则在本说明书和权利要求书中使用的表示含量、浓度、比例、重量、体积、转速、压力、粒径、百分比、技术效果等的所有数字在任何情况下均应理解为由术语“约”或“大致”修饰。因此,除非有相反的指示,否则以下说明书和所附权利要求书中列出的数字参数是近似值。除非另有说明,此处使用的术语对所属技术领域的技术人员具有通常的理解含义。对于本领域技术人员来说,其可以根据通过本公开寻求得到的期望性质和效果而变化,应根据有效数字位数和常规舍入方法或者本领域技术人员理解的方式来解释每个数值参数。
尽管阐述了本公开的广泛范围的数值范围和参数是近似值,但是尽可能精确地提供了在具体实施例中阐述的数值。然而,任何数值都会固有地包含某些误差,这些误差由于在其相应的测试测量中发现的标准偏差而必然地导致的。本说明书给出的每个数值范围将包括落入该较宽数值范围内的每个较窄数值范围,就如同这些较窄数值范围均在本文中明确写出一样。
在本文中使用时,表述“A和/或B”包括三种情况:(1)A;(2)B;以及(3)A和B。表述“A、B和/或C”包括七种情况:(1)A;(2)B;(3)C;(4)A和B;(5)A和C;(6)B和C;以及(7)A、B和C。类似表述的含义可以此类推。
在本文中使用时,术语“中值粒径D50”或“D50”是指颗粒累积分布为50%的粒径,即小于此粒径的颗粒体积含量占全部颗粒的50%。
在本文中使用时,术语“D10”是指颗粒累积分布为10%的粒径,即小于此粒径的颗粒体积含量占全部颗粒的10%。
在本文中使用时,术语“D90”是指颗粒累积分布为90%的粒径,即小于此粒径的颗粒体积含量占全部颗粒的90%。
由于罗哌卡因在水中溶解度较小,因此可将其制备成混悬注射液。对于罗哌卡因混悬注射液而言,如果粒径过小,将会导致快速释放,从而不能实现长时间缓释的效果;如果粒径过大,将会导致罗哌卡因在给药部位分散不均而大量堆积,造成多次释放,血药浓度不稳定,并且粒径过大还会影响制剂的通针性,不便于临床给药。
本公开提供了一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其在体内长时间稳定释放,既能延长对于手术后疼痛的镇痛作用时间,又能方便医生和患者使用,从而实现良好的用药依从性。本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液在体内可持续释放药物,具有不少于12小时的镇痛作用,优选不少于24小时的镇痛作用,更优选不少于72小时的镇痛作用。此外,相对于目前市场上能够获得的罗哌卡因制剂,本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液的成本大幅降低(成本仅为市售罗哌卡因制剂成本的约1/3至1/4),能够惠及更多遭受疼痛折磨的患者,降低其用药负担。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在约1μm至约40μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的粒径分布可以为:D10在约1μm至约10μm的范围内,D50在约1μm至约40μm的范围内,D90在约5μm至约100μm的范围内。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在约3μm至约40μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的粒径分布可以为:D10在约1μm至约10μm的范围内,D50在约3μm至约40μm的范围内,D90在约5μm至约100μm的范围内。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在约5μm至约20μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的粒径分布可以为:D10在约2μm至约8μm的范围内,D50在约5μm至约20μm的范围内,D90在约10μm至约60μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50可以在约9μm至约40μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的粒径分布可以为:D10在约2.5μm至约10μm的范围内,D50在约9μm至约40μm的范围内,D90在约20μm至约100μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50可以在约12μm至约37μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的粒径分布可以为:D10在约4μm至约10μm的范围内,D50在约12μm至约37μm的范围内,D90在约30μm至约90μm的范围内。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,药学上可接受的辅料可以包含助悬剂、等渗调节剂和表面活性剂。在本公开的一些实施方式中,药学上可接受的辅料可以还包含缓冲剂。在本公开的一些实施方式中,药学上可接受的辅料可以还包含pH调节剂。在本公开的一些实施方式中,药学上可接受的辅料可以还包含防腐剂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,助悬剂可以选自羧甲基纤维素及其钠盐、羟丙基纤维素及其钠盐、羟丙甲纤维素及其钠盐、甲基纤维素及其钠盐、羟乙基纤维素及其钠盐、透明质酸钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。在本公开的一些实施方式中,助悬剂可以为羧甲基纤维素钠。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,等渗调节剂可以选自氯化钠、甘露醇、山梨醇、葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖和乳糖中的一种或多种。在本公开的一些实施方式中,等渗调节剂可以 为氯化钠和/或甘露醇。在本公开的一些实施方式中,等渗调节剂可以为氯化钠。在本公开的一些实施方式中,等渗调节剂可以为甘露醇。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,表面活性剂可以选自泊洛沙姆、卵磷脂、聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯40、聚山梨酯60、聚山梨酯65、聚山梨酯80、聚山梨酯85、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇类和15-羟基硬脂酸聚乙二醇酯中的一种或多种。在本公开的一些实施方式中,表面活性剂可以为泊洛沙姆和/或卵磷脂。在本公开的一些实施方式中,表面活性剂可以为泊洛沙姆188。在本公开的一些实施方式中,表面活性剂可以为蛋黄卵磷脂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,缓冲剂可以选自磷酸盐缓冲体系、醋酸盐缓冲体系、枸橼酸盐缓冲体系和三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲体系中的一种或多种。在本公开的一些实施方式中,缓冲剂可以为NaH 2PO 4/Na 2HPO 4
在本公开的一些实施方式中,pH调节剂可以选自富马酸、偏酒石酸、柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、己二酸、磷酸、盐酸、氢氧化钙、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、富马酸一钠、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸一钠、磷酸盐、硫酸钙、乳酸钙、乙酸钠中的一种或多种。在本公开的一些实施方式中,缓冲剂可以用作pH调节剂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,防腐剂可以选自苯甲酸、苯扎氯铵、苯甲醇、丁基化羟基苯甲醚、丁基化羟基甲苯、氯丁醇、没食子酸酯、羟基苯甲酸甲酯、乙二胺四乙酸及其盐、氯甲酚、间甲酚、氯化苄乙氧铵、氯化肉豆蔻基-γ-甲基吡啶、苯基乙酸汞、硫柳汞中的一种或多种。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含约0.1-20g罗哌卡因;约1-10g罗哌卡因;约1.5-5g罗哌卡因;约1.8-4g罗哌卡因;或约2-3.5g罗哌卡因;
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含约0.1-2g助悬剂;约0.2-1g助悬剂;约0.3-0.8g助悬剂;约0.4-0.75g助悬剂;约0.5-0.63g助悬剂;或约0.5-0.63g羧甲基纤维素钠。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含约0.1-10g等渗调节剂;约0.3-7.5g等渗调节剂;约0.5-7.5g等渗调节剂;约0.5-0.8g氯化钠;约0.6-0.7g氯化钠;约4-6g甘露醇;或约4.5-5.5g甘露醇;
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含约0.1-10g表面活性剂;约0.25-5g表面活性剂;约0.35-4g表面活性剂;约0.35-0.65g泊洛沙姆;约 0.4-0.6g泊洛沙姆;约0.4-0.6g泊洛沙姆188;约1.5-4g卵磷脂;约2-3g卵磷脂;或约2-3g蛋黄卵磷脂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约0.1-20g罗哌卡因;
约0.1-2g助悬剂;
约0.1-10g等渗调节剂;和
约0.1-10g表面活性剂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约1-10g罗哌卡因;
约0.2-1g助悬剂;
约0.3-7.5g等渗调节剂;和
约0.25-5g表面活性剂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约1.5-5g罗哌卡因;
约0.3-0.8g助悬剂;
约0.5-7.5g等渗调节剂;和
约0.35-4g表面活性剂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约1.8-4g罗哌卡因;
约0.4-0.75g助悬剂;
约0.5-0.8g氯化钠或约4-6g甘露醇;和
约0.35-0.65g泊洛沙姆或约1.5-4g卵磷脂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约2-3.5g罗哌卡因;
约0.5-0.63g助悬剂;
约0.6-0.7g氯化钠或约4.5-5.5g甘露醇;和
约0.4-0.6g泊洛沙姆或约2-3g卵磷脂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液可以包含:
约2-3.5g罗哌卡因;
约0.5-0.63g羧甲基纤维素钠;
约0.6-0.7g氯化钠或约4.5-5.5g甘露醇;和
约0.4-0.6g泊洛沙姆188或约2-3g蛋黄卵磷脂。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,每100mL所述混悬注射液还可以包含NaH 2PO 4/Na 2HPO 4缓冲剂和注射用水。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液的pH可以为约5-9,优选地约6-8,优选地约6.5-8,更优选地约7-8,更优选地约7.2-7.8,更优选地约7.2-7.6,更优选地约7.3-7.5,更优选地约7.4。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述混悬注射液经皮下、皮内或肌肉注射的方式给药。
上文针对本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液所述的各种实施方式和优选项可以相互组合(只要它们彼此之间不是内在矛盾的),由此组合而形成的各种实施方式都视为本公开的一部分。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种制备如本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料混合,得到混合物1;
(2)在3000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间,得到混合物2;
(3)在20-2000bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次,得到混合物3;
(4)任选地,调节混合物3的pH值;
(5)任选地,定容。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,步骤(1)包括:
(1.1)将助悬剂、等渗调节剂和表面活性剂溶解在注射用水中,得到溶液1;
(1.2)将罗哌卡因加入所述溶液1中,得到混合物1。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,在4000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在4500-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在5000-8000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在5000-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在5000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在6000-9000rpm转 速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在6000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在8000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7000-8000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7500-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续6分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续7分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续8分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续9分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续10分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续12分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续15分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续18分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续20分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续25分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续30分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续1小时或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,所述剪切持续2小时或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在6000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续10分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续10分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7500-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续10分钟或更长时间。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,在6000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续20分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续20分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7500-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续20分钟或更长时间。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,在6000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续30分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7000-9000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续30分钟或更长时间。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在7500-8500rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续30分钟或更长时间。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,在30-1500bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-1000bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-500bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-400bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-300bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-200bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-150bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-120bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-110bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在40-100bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-500bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-400bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-300bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-200bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-150bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-120bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-110bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在45-100bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-500bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-400bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-300bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-200bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-150bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-120bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-110bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,在50-100bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次。
在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-10次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-8次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-7次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-6次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-5次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-4次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-3次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1-2次。在本公开的一些实施方式中,进行均质处理1次。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供一种固体组合物,其是通过将根据本公开的混悬注射液进行干燥之后得到的。可以使用本领域公知的方法进行干燥,包括但不限于冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥、喷雾冷冻干燥或其它常规干燥手段。
根据本公开的一种实施方式,可以提供根据本公开的混悬注射液或根据本公开的固体组合物在制造用于治疗或预防疼痛的药物中的用途。
上文针对本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液所述的各种实施方式和优选项同样适用于本公开的制备方法、固体组合物和用途,这些实施方式和优选项亦可以相互组合(只要它们彼此之间不是内在矛盾的),由此组合而形成的各种实施方式都视为本申请公开的一部分。
下面将结合实施例以例证的方式更清楚、明确地阐述本公开的技术方案。应该理解的是,这些实施例仅用于例证的目的,绝不旨在限制本公开的保护范围。本公开的保护范围仅通过权利要求来限定。
实施例
实施例中使用的罗哌卡因(CAS号:84057-95-4)购自仙琚制药股份有限公司、羧甲基纤维素钠购自亚什兰公司、泊洛沙姆188购自Merck公司、蛋黄卵磷脂购自日本kewpie株式会社、甘露醇购自罗盖特公司、氯化钠购自江苏勤奋药业有限公司、磷酸二氢钠及磷酸氢二钠购自南京化学试剂股份有限公司。
实施例1:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液I
称取0.63g羧甲基纤维素钠、0.66g氯化钠以及2.67g蛋黄卵磷脂溶于90ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取2.0g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:GEA Panda Plus)在1900bar压力下均质3次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:1.65μm,D50:3.80μm,D90:7.80μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至100ml。
实施例2:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液II
称取5g甘露醇、0.5g羧甲基纤维素钠以及0.5g泊洛沙姆188溶于90ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取3.0g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:ATS AH-2010)在400bar压力下均质4次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:2.79μm,D50:9.07μm,D90:20.6μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至100ml。
实施例3:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液III
称取0.945g羧甲基纤维素钠、0.99g氯化钠以及0.75g泊洛沙姆188溶于140ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取4.5g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:GEA Panda Plus)在150bar压力下均质1次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:4.81μm,D50:14.5μm,D90:32.1μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至150ml。
实施例4:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液IV
称取0.945g羧甲基纤维素钠、0.99g氯化钠以及0.75g泊洛沙姆188溶于140ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取4.5g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:GEA Panda Plus)在50bar压力下均质1次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:9.3μm,D50:34.5μm,D90:85.5μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至150ml。
实施例5:罗哌卡因混悬注射液I-IV在SD大鼠体内的药代动力学(PK)研究
筛选15只健康SD雄性大鼠(上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司),分为5组(每组3只),分别对应于使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液I的实验组I;使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液II的实验组II;使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液III的实验组III;使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液IV的实验组IV;以及使用已上市的盐酸罗哌卡因注射液(浙江仙琚制药有限公司)的对照组I。详细给药方案如下。
组别 SD大鼠给药量 给药部位
实验组I 37.5mg/kg 肌肉
实验组II 37.5mg/kg 肌肉
实验组III 37.5mg/kg 肌肉
实验组IV 37.5mg/kg 肌肉
对照组I 18.75mg/kg 肌肉
给药后分别于特定时间采集静脉血,罗哌卡因的血药浓度和药动学参数(平均值)汇总如下。
Figure PCTCN2022080019-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022080019-appb-000002
注:“/”表示该点未取样;“ND”表示未检出。
结果表明:雄性大鼠中肌肉注射给药后,使用真溶液的对照组I在给药后10小时血药浓度已经无法检出,与之相比,实施例I的血药浓度持续至给药后16小时、实施例II和III的血药浓度持续至给药后32小时、实施例IV的血药浓度持续至给药后48小时。相较于对照组I,实验组I-IV的平均药动学参数也都显示出显著的缓释作用,MRT 0-t、T l/2、T max明显延长。此外,相较于对照组I,实验组I-IV的C max明显降低,这指示毒副作用的减小。由此可见,本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液具有良好的长效镇痛作用。
实施例6:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液V
称取0.945g羧甲基纤维素钠、0.99g氯化钠以及0.75g泊洛沙姆188溶于140ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取5.25g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:GEA Panda Plus)在100bar压力下均质1次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:5.99μm,D50:19.2μm,D90:45.0μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至150ml。
实施例7:制备罗哌卡因混悬注射液VI
称取0.945g羧甲基纤维素钠、0.99g氯化钠以及0.75g泊洛沙姆188溶于140ml注射用水中,溶解完全后,称取5.25g罗哌卡因加入上述溶液中,采用8000rpm转速高剪切10分钟,使罗哌卡因充分分散。随后采用高压均质机(型号:GEA Panda Plus)在50bar压力下均质1次,得混悬液。采用马尔文3000粒径仪检测混悬液粒径,得到粒径D10:8.66μm,D50:30.9μm,D90:77.8μm。称取适量磷酸二氢钠和磷酸氢二钠调节混悬液pH值至7.4,并用注射用水定容至150ml。
实施例8:罗哌卡因混悬注射液V-VI在巴马小型猪体内的药代动力学(PK)研究
筛选9只健康雄性巴马小型猪(吴江市田宇生物科技有限公司),分为3组(每组3只),分别对应于使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液V的实验组V;使用罗哌卡因混悬注射液VI的实验组VI;以及使用已上市的盐酸罗哌卡因注射液(浙江仙琚制药有限公司)的对照组II。详细给药方案如下。
组别 巴马小型猪给药量 给药部位
实验组V 8.0mg/kg 皮下
实验组VI 8.0mg/kg 皮下
对照组II 1.7mg/kg 皮下
给药后分别于特定时间采集静脉血,罗哌卡因的血药浓度和药动学参数(平均值)汇总如下。
Figure PCTCN2022080019-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022080019-appb-000004
注:“/”表示该点未取样;“ND”表示未检出。
结果表明:在健康雄性巴马小型猪中皮下注射给药后,对照组II在给药后48小时血药浓度不可检出,实验组V和VI在给药后72小时仍有较高的血药浓度。相较于对照组II,实验组V-VI的平均药动学参数也都显示出显著的缓释作用,MRT 0-t、T l/2、T max明显延长。此外,相较于对照组II,实验组V-VI的C max明显降低,这指示毒副作用的减小。由此可见,本公开的罗哌卡因混悬注射液具有良好的长效镇痛作用。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种罗哌卡因混悬注射液,其包含罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在1μm至40μm的范围内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的混悬注射液,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在3μm至40μm的范围内。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的混悬注射液,其中所述混悬注射液的中值粒径D50在5μm至20μm的范围内。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的混悬注射液,其中所述药学上可接受的辅料包含助悬剂、等渗调节剂和表面活性剂。
  5. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的混悬注射液,其中每100mL所述混悬注射液包含:
    0.1-20g罗哌卡因;
    0.1-2g助悬剂;
    0.1-10g等渗调节剂;和
    0.1-10g表面活性剂。
  6. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的混悬注射液,其中所述混悬注射液的pH为5-9。
  7. 一种制备如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的混悬注射液的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
    (1)将罗哌卡因和药学上可接受的辅料混合,得到混合物1;
    (2)在3000-10000rpm转速的剪切条件下处理所述混合物1,持续5分钟或更长时间,得到混合物2;
    (3)在20-2000bar压力下均质处理所述混合物2,进行一次或多次,得到混合物3;
    (4)任选地,调节混合物3的pH值;
    (5)任选地,定容。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述步骤(1)包括:
    (1.1)将助悬剂、等渗调节剂和表面活性剂溶解在注射用水中,得到溶液1;
    (1.2)将罗哌卡因加入所述溶液1中,得到混合物1。
  9. 一种固体组合物,其是通过将如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的混悬注射液进行干燥之后得到的。
  10. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的混悬注射液或如权利要求9所述的固体组合物在制造用于治疗或预防疼痛的药物中的用途。
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