WO2022210685A1 - 硝化菌製剤 - Google Patents
硝化菌製剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022210685A1 WO2022210685A1 PCT/JP2022/015372 JP2022015372W WO2022210685A1 WO 2022210685 A1 WO2022210685 A1 WO 2022210685A1 JP 2022015372 W JP2022015372 W JP 2022015372W WO 2022210685 A1 WO2022210685 A1 WO 2022210685A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bacteria
- ammonia
- nitrifying
- nitrifying bacteria
- genus
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 347
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 227
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 241000192147 Nitrosococcus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241001453382 Nitrosomonadales Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 122
- 241001495402 Nitrococcus Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 96
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 97
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 42
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 39
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000605122 Nitrosomonas Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108020004465 16S ribosomal RNA Proteins 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000003753 real-time PCR Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000605159 Nitrobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000605156 Nitrobacter hamburgensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000192146 Nitrosococcus oceani Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001495394 Nitrosospira Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007481 next generation sequencing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000555281 Brevibacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001478240 Coccus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001148220 Nitrobacter vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000605154 Nitrobacter winogradskyi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001495401 Nitrococcus mobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000919925 Nitrosococcus halophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001516635 Nitrosococcus nitrosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500413 Nitrosomonas mobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192121 Nitrospira <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001272686 Nitrospira marina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143993 Nitrospira moscoviensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589634 Xanthomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/04—Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
- C12N2500/05—Inorganic components
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nitrifying bacteria preparation and a method for culturing the bacteria contained therein.
- bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas such as those described in Patent Document 1, may exhibit markedly reduced activity under high ion concentrations.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is capable of sufficiently advancing the nitrification reaction even under various treatment conditions, particularly high ion concentration (salt concentration) treatment conditions,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a preparation of nitrifying bacteria capable of recovering nitrate nitrogen from ammonia, and a method for culturing the bacteria contained therein.
- ammonium-oxidizing bacteria contain specific strains of bacteria, and that the AOB and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are combined. It was discovered that nitrifying bacteria preparations containing more than a certain ratio can maintain nitrification activity even under conditions of high ion concentration (salt concentration), and can recover nitrogen in ammonia in the form of high concentrations of nitrate ions. , have completed the present invention.
- a nitrifying bacteria preparation containing ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria contain bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, The number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus has a number ratio of 0.1% or more to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation, and the number of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria is 0.1% or more in the nitrifying bacteria preparation. The number ratio to the total number of bacteria is 0.1% or more, Nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of (1) wherein the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus accounts for 1.0% or more of the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of (1) wherein the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus accounts for 7.0% or more of the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the inoculum containing the bacterium belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and the nitrite-oxidizing bacterium was treated with an ammonia component in an oxygen-existing atmosphere while maintaining a salt concentration of 0.5 mol/L or more and 1 mol/L or less in a moist medium.
- a method of culturing which is brought into contact with.
- the culture method according to (8), wherein the medium has a magnesium concentration of 0.5 mmol/L or more and a phosphorus concentration of 0.5 mmol/L or more.
- the nitrification reaction can proceed sufficiently, and nitrate nitrogen can be recovered from ammonia.
- a nitrifying bacteria preparation and a method for culturing the bacteria contained therein are provided.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a nitrogen recovery device used in Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a nitrogen recovery device used in Example 4.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention is a nitrifying bacteria preparation containing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, wherein the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria contain bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, and the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus has a number ratio of 0.1% or more to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation, and the number of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria has a number ratio of 0.1% to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation. That's it.
- Bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus were known to exhibit ammonia nitrification activity even under high NaCl concentration conditions such as seawater. A new finding was found that even at a high nitrate ion concentration of 3% by mass volume (30,000 mg/L, about 0.5 mol/L) or higher, good ammonia oxidation activity is exhibited. Therefore, according to the present invention, due to the presence of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, the ammonia oxidation reaction proceeds favorably even under high ion concentration treatment conditions. A sufficient amount of the resulting nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by the action of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Therefore, according to the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention, it becomes possible to accumulate nitrate ions at a high concentration (for example, 30,000 mg/L or more) in the water to be treated, and to efficiently recover nitrogen from ammonia.
- a high concentration for example, 30,000 mg/L or more
- Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria are hereinafter sometimes referred to as "AOB” and “NOB”, respectively.
- the preferred treatment target of the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention is high ion concentration water to be treated (seawater, factory waste liquid, fermentation waste liquid, high concentration ammonia water generated during deodorizing treatment of ammonia gas, etc.).
- high ion concentration includes, for example, an ion concentration of 3% by mass (30,000 mg/L) or more, particularly 5% by mass (50,000 mg/L) or more.
- the "ion” varies depending on the operating conditions of the object to be treated and the chemical solution used for pH adjustment, etc., and includes arbitrary ions. magnesium, etc.).
- High ion concentration in the present invention when converted to nitrate ion concentration, can be, for example, 0.5 mol/L (M) or more, particularly 1 mol/L or more. Since nitrates and the like are ionized in water, the concentration of all ions including cations is more than twice the concentration of nitrate ions and salts. However, since the present invention focuses on nitrate ions and the like, the molar concentration of ions is defined by the concentration of these anions or the concentration of salts.
- the ion concentration in the object to be treated can be measured by, for example, zinc reduction-naphthylethylenediamine absorption spectrophotometry, ion chromatographic analysis, colorimetric analysis, and the like.
- a separate pretreatment or the like may be performed depending on the state of the object to be measured (for example, when the liquid contains a large amount of nitrite ions, etc.).
- composition of the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention will be described in detail below.
- Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitrite.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention contains at least bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus as AOB.
- Nitrosococcus genus Conventionally known bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus can be used. ⁇ (Nitrosococcus mobilis) ⁇ (Nitrosococcus nitrosus) ⁇ (Nitrosococcus oceanus ⁇ Nitrosococcus oceani) ⁇ (Nitrosococcus watosonii) ⁇ (Nitrosococcus halophilus) etc. It is also possible to use a plurality of species of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus is 0.1% or more, preferably 1.0% or more, more preferably 1.0% or more, relative to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation. is 3.0% or more, more preferably 7.0% or more, and particularly preferably 10.0% or more.
- the ratio of the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus in nitrifying bacteria preparations can be specified as the ratio of the number of bacteria such as Nitrosococcus to the total number of bacteria by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene with next-generation sequencing or real-time PCR.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus here is the number ratio in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus in the treatment object It can be less than 0.1% of the population.
- the bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus grow over time and become able to process the ammonia.
- the ratio of the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus to the total number of bacteria in the target of treatment is reduced from the start of nitrogen recovery. It is preferably 0.1% or more.
- the ratio of the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation is, for example, 1.0% or more, further 3.0% or more, especially 7.0% or more, especially 10.0% or more. It is preferably 0% or more.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention may or may not further contain one or more types of AOB other than bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus.
- AOB other than bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus include bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosomonas, the genus Nitrosospira, the genus Nitrosolobus, the genus Brevibacillus, and the genus Xanthomonas. and so on.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by using activated sludge or the like as an inoculum.
- activated sludge often contains various AOBs including bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas. Therefore, such AOB may coexist in the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention may contain about 1 to 70%, particularly about 4 to 30%, of AOB other than Nitrosococcus bacteria, such as Nitrosomonas bacteria.
- Nitrosococcus bacteria such as Nitrosomonas bacteria.
- Nitrite oxidizing bacteria are bacteria that oxidize nitrite to nitrate.
- NOBs Conventionally known NOBs can be used. Examples include bacteria of the genus Nitrococcus; Nitrobacter winogradskyi, Nitrobacter alkalineus, Nitrobacter vulgaris, Nitrobacter hamburgensis ( bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrobacter such as Nitrobacter Hamburgensis; bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrospira such as Nitrospira marina and Nitrospira moscoviensis; not. It is also possible to use multiple types of NOB together.
- the number of NOB bacteria is 0.1% or more of the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the ratio of NOB to the total number of bacteria is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1.0% or more, and still more preferably 1.5%. % or more, particularly preferably 2.0% or more.
- the ratio of the number of NOB bacteria in nitrifying bacteria preparations can be specified as the number ratio of Nitrococcus, etc. to the total number of bacteria.
- the number of NOB bacteria is the number ratio in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the number of NOB bacteria in the treatment object is less than the total number of bacteria. It can be less than 0.1%. However, even in such a case, NOB can grow over time and proceed with nitrification.
- the number ratio of NOB to the total number of bacteria in the target of treatment for example, in a microbial decomposition tank, should be 0.1% or more from the start of nitrogen recovery. It is preferable that Therefore, the number ratio of NOB to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation is 0.5% or more, further 1.0% or more, even higher 1.5% or more, particularly 2.0% or more. is preferred.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention preferably contains a bacterium belonging to the genus Nitrococcus as NOB from the viewpoint of having particularly good activity even under high ion concentration treatment conditions.
- Bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrococcus can grow and function in both low and high salt concentrations.
- Bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrococcus include, for example, Nitrococcus mobilis.
- the nitrifying bacteria formulation of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by using activated sludge or the like as an inoculum.
- an inoculum containing a bacterium belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium is treated with ammonia in an oxygen-existing atmosphere while maintaining an ion concentration of about 0.5 mol/L or more and 1 mol/L or less in a moist medium. It can be prepared by culturing methods that bring the components into contact.
- AOB such as bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus
- NOB such as bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrococcus
- any inoculum can be used as long as it contains AOB containing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB.
- Nitrosococcus and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria generally take a long time to grow.
- the number ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Coccus (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “Nitrosococcus abundance ratio”) is 0.1% or more, more preferably 1.0% or more, and still more preferably 3.0% Above, more preferably 7.0% or more, particularly preferably 10.0% or more, and the number ratio of NOB to the total number of cells in the inoculum (hereinafter referred to as "NOB abundance ratio”) is 0.1% or more, more preferably 0.5% or more, still more preferably 1.0% or more, and particularly preferably 2.0% or more.
- the upper limit of the abundance of Nitrosococcus and the abundance of NOB in the inoculum is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint that among the nitrification reactions, the ammonia oxidation reaction proceeds more slowly than the nitrite oxidation reaction, the ratios of both should be about the same. It is preferable that there is more presence of Nitrosococcus.
- the abundance of Nitrosococcus and the abundance of NOB in the inoculum are each preferably up to 30-50% of all microorganisms in the inoculum.
- the proportion of Nitrosococcus present and the proportion of NOB present in the nitrifying bacteria preparation are similar.
- the abundance of each bacterium in the inoculum is specified, for example, by the above 16S rRNA gene flora analysis.
- activated sludge derived from pig farming wastewater treated by the activated sludge method at a pig farming wastewater treatment facility may be used.
- Activated sludge may be subjected to a so-called pre-culture treatment.
- pre-culture refers to culture in which the ammonia component is brought into contact while adjusting the ion concentration as described above. After that, for example, it is a pretreatment for growing or activating the bacteria by placing them in an aerobic condition at room temperature.
- pre-cultivation can restore the state of the bacteria.
- activated sludge from swine wastewater treatment facilities is pretreated by aerobically culturing at 15 to 40°C, particularly 20 to 35°C for one day to several weeks, and the sludge is used for main culture. can be done.
- nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention it is preferable to supply ammonia during the culture as described above.
- the supplied ammonia serves as a nutrient source, allowing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus to proliferate and increase the proportion thereof.
- NOB and bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrococcus proliferate using the nitrous acid produced by such Nitrosococcus as a nutrient source, and the nitrifying bacteria composition of the present invention can be obtained.
- the pH during culture it is preferable to adjust the pH during culture to a range of about 5 to 8, especially about 6.5 to 7.5.
- the pH of the culture solution decreases as the nitrification reaction progresses, so it is preferable to adjust the pH by adding alkali. From this point of view as well, it is desirable to supply ammonia during culture.
- culture is performed at a high ion concentration, such as a nitrate ion concentration of 30,000 mg/L or more, particularly 30,000 to 50,000 mg/L, or a salt concentration of 0.5 M or more. conditions.
- a high ion concentration such as a nitrate ion concentration of 30,000 mg/L or more, particularly 30,000 to 50,000 mg/L, or a salt concentration of 0.5 M or more.
- Nitrosococcus is resistant to conditions of high ion (salt) concentration, so it tends to proliferate even in environments where other AOBs are killed. Therefore, by culturing under conditions of high ion concentration, it is possible to prepare a nitrifying bacteria preparation having a high number ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus among AOBs.
- the salt concentration exceeds 1M, the nitrification activity may decrease slightly.
- the culture may be diluted and cultured at a salt concentration of about 0.5 to 1M. .
- the concentration of magnesium is 0.5 mM (millimol/L) or more, especially about 0.6 to 1.0 mM
- the concentration of phosphorus is 0.5 mM or more, especially about 0.6 to 1.0 mM.
- the number ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus is preferably 1.0% or more, more preferably 3.0% or more, still more preferably 7.0% or more, and even more preferably 10.0% or more. of nitrifier preparations can be prepared.
- the concentration of phosphorus in the surrounding environment decreases due to the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus.
- a phosphate salt such as K2HPO4 may be added along with a magnesium salt such as MgSO4.7H2O .
- Cultivation is preferably carried out under conditions in which the concentration of magnesium in the medium is 0.5 mmol/L or higher and the concentration of phosphorus is 0.5 mmol/L or higher.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention that has already been used in nitrification treatment and exposed to a high ion concentration treatment solution may be used as an inoculum.
- a nitrifying bacteria preparation that has been subjected to nitrification treatment in a small-scale apparatus can be mounted as it is in a large-scale nitrification treatment apparatus and used as a new nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention may be in any form as long as it contains at least a predetermined number ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB. There may be. Examples include, but are not limited to, nitrifier preparations containing liquid cultures of AOB (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) and NOB (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) containing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus. Alternatively, for example, such a liquid nitrifying bacteria preparation may be subjected to an operation such as centrifugation, filtration, or the like to be separated, and then made into a solid such as a pellet.
- AOB ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
- NOB nitrite-oxidizing bacteria
- a freeze-dried product obtained by freeze-drying a liquid culture or pellet to powder or the like may also be used. Also, these bacteria can be supported on a carrier.
- the present invention also provides a nitrifying bacteria preparation containing pellets of AOB and NOB containing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, and a nitrifying bacteria carrier in which AOB and NOB containing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus are supported on a carrier. Also included are nitrifier preparations containing
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation contains nitrifying bacteria including AOB (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) and NOB (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) containing bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus supported on a carrier. It is preferably in the form of a carrier for nitrifying bacteria. Nitrification of ammonia by bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB is an aerobic reaction. Therefore, in a preparation of nitrifying bacteria supported on a porous or fibrous carrier, oxygen is sufficiently supplied and the reaction progresses. easy to do Such a carrier can also facilitate the nitrification of ammonia because it can hold a large amount of water (water absorption) and can absorb a large amount of the ammonia component in that water.
- AOB ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
- NOB nitrite-oxidizing bacteria
- Carrier there is no particular limitation on the carrier (nitrifying bacteria carrier) on which the bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB are carried, but materials with a large surface area and resistance to putrefaction are preferred.
- examples include porous bodies and/or inorganic fibrous bodies such as zeolite, porous glass such as foam glass, perlite, diatomaceous earth, pumice stone, Oya stone, aggregates such as calcium carbonate particles and barium sulfate particles, silica gel, rock Examples include, but are not limited to, wool, glass wool, carbon fiber, and the like. Considering ease of handling and cost, porous materials such as zeolite, porous glass, glass wool, and particularly foam glass are preferred.
- the carrier has an average particle diameter of more than 1 mm and 1.4 mm or less, more than 1.4 mm and 2 mm or less, or 2 mm, as measured by a method specified in JIS Z 8815-1994 [general rules for sieving test methods]. more than 2.8 mm, more than 2.8 mm and less than 4 mm, more than 4 mm and less than 5.6 mm, more than 5.6 mm and less than 8 mm, more than 8 mm and less than 11.2 mm, more than 11.2 mm and less than 16 mm, or more than 16 mm If the porous body is separated into a desired range such as 22.4 mm or less, it becomes easy to handle during the ammonia treatment.
- the shape of the carrier is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, cubic, fibrous, or irregularly shaped particles.
- the upper limit of the specific surface area of the carrier is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150 m 2 /g or less, more preferably 100 m 2 /g or less, still more preferably 80 m 2 /g or less, and more preferably It can be 60 m 2 /g or less.
- the specific surface area is measured by a mercury intrusion method.
- the pore volume is preferably 0.6 cm 3 /g or more, more preferably 0.8 cm 3 /g or more, in order to maintain appropriate moisture retention and air permeability. 0 cm 3 /g or more is more preferred, 1.2 cm 3 /g or more is even more preferred, 1.4 cm 3 /g or more is particularly preferred, and 1.6 cm 3 /g or more is most preferred.
- the upper limit is, for example, 4.0 cm 3 /g or less. is preferably 3.5 cm 3 /g or less, more preferably 3.0 cm 3 /g or less, and more preferably 2.5 cm 3 /g or less.
- the pore volume is measured by mercury porosimetry.
- activated sludge can be added to the carrier as described above, and if desired, bacteria can be cultured on the carrier to prepare the nitrifying bacteria carrier of the present invention.
- the amount of activated sludge added is, for example, 5% by volume, 10% by volume, 20% by volume, 30% by volume, 50% by volume, 70% by volume, 100% by volume, 150% by volume, relative to the volume of the carrier. Inoculate at a rate of 5-500% by volume such as 200% by volume, 300% by volume, 400% by volume, 500% by volume.
- the contact between the object to be treated containing an ammonia component and the nitrifying bacteria carrier can be carried out, for example, by passing an ammonia-containing gas or by adding an ammonia-containing aqueous solution to the circulating water.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention can, for example, efficiently nitrify ammonia even under high ion concentration treatment conditions, making it possible to obtain a high concentration of nitrate nitrogen. Therefore, it is suitable for use in a method for recovering a nitrogen component in an ammonia component, for example, a nitrogen component in an ammonia-containing gas or an ammonia-containing aqueous solution.
- the present invention also provides a nitrogen recovery method including a nitrate ion recovery step of decomposing an ammonia component with a nitrifying bacterium and recovering a nitrogen component in the ammonia component as nitrate ions, wherein the nitrifying bacteria preparation retains the nitrate ion recovery step.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation contains ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria contain bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, and the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus is the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation. Nitrogen recovery methods are included in which the number ratio to the number is 0.1% or more, and the number ratio of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation is 0.1% or more.
- the treated water in which the decomposition products of the ammonia component are dissolved is supplied to the microbial decomposition tank as circulating water.
- the predetermined concentration is a desired concentration arbitrarily set according to the purpose. ,000 mg/L or more, or even over 1 M to 70,000 mg/L or more, or 100,000 mg/L or more.
- Nitrogen recovery according to the method of the present invention can be performed, for example, using the specification of International Publication No. 2021/049603 proposed and filed by the present inventors and the nitrogen recovery apparatus shown in FIG. More specifically, the following embodiments of the nitrogen recovery device can be used: Nitrogen comprising a nitrifying bacterium carrier (carrier) containing the nitrifying bacterium preparation as described above, decomposing the ammonia component in the ammonia-containing gas with the nitrifying bacterium, and recovering the nitrogen component in the ammonia component as an ammonia decomposition product.
- carrier carrier
- a recovery device (A) a microbial decomposition tank having the nitrifying bacteria carrier and decomposing the ammonia component in an oxygen-existing atmosphere; (B) ammonia-containing gas supply means for supplying the ammonia-containing gas to the microbial decomposition tank; (C) water supply means for supplying water to the microbial decomposition tank; (D) a drainage line for leading out the water containing the ammonia decomposition products generated in the microbial decomposition tank from the microbial decomposition tank; (E) a circulating water storage tank for temporarily storing water containing the ammonia decomposition products discharged from the drainage line; (F) a reprocessing line that connects the storage tank and the microbial decomposition tank and sends the water containing the ammonia decomposition products from the storage tank to the microbial decomposition tank; (G) circulation means for circulating the water containing the ammonia decomposition product among the microbial decomposition tank, the drainage line,
- the nitrogen recovery device of the above-described embodiment which includes the nitrifying bacteria carrier containing the nitrifying bacteria preparation as described above, and supplying an ammonia-containing gas, the nitrogen component in the ammonia component is converted into nitrate ions at a high concentration.
- both the abundance of Nitrosococcus and the abundance of NOB in the nitrogen recovery device be 0.1% or more even in locations other than the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and the number of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the microbial decomposition tank, particularly in the nitrifying bacterium-supporting material, are respectively in proportion to the total number of cells in the microbial decomposition tank or the nitrifying-bacteria-supported material. If it is 0.1% or more, nitrogen recovery can be performed with higher efficiency.
- the abundance ratio of Nitrosococcus and NOB is, for example, a part of the nitrifying bacteria carrier (a specific example is the nitrifying bacteria carrier in the upper part of the microbial decomposition tank, or the nitrifying bacteria carrier present in the microbial decomposition tank, ammonia
- the surface side portion located opposite to the surface side portion to which the contained gas is supplied may be sampled and measured, or water may be sampled from a location other than the microbial decomposition tank, such as a circulating water storage tank. may be measured.
- conditions such as the temperature of the circulating water are not particularly limited. However, in order to enhance the activity of the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention, it is preferable to adjust the water temperature to, for example, 10 to 60°C, more preferably 15 to 50°C, particularly 20 to 40°C. be.
- nitrification of ammonia by Nitrosococcus and NOB is an aerobic reaction, it is preferable to supply oxygen by aeration, for example, by aeration of circulating water.
- the amount of aeration is preferably 0.5 L/min or more, more preferably 1 L/min or more, particularly preferably 3.0 L/min or more, and most preferably 4.0 L/min or more, with respect to 1 L of circulating water.
- excessive aeration may promote the evaporation of ammonia, so the upper limit is preferably 10 L / min or less, more preferably 8.0 L / min or less, and further 6.0 L / min or less per 1 L of circulating water. preferable.
- the pH of the circulating water is preferably 4.0 to 9.0, more preferably 4.5 to 8.5, and more preferably 5.0 to 8.0 for the same reason as the temperature setting. 0 is more preferred, and 6.5 to 7.5 are particularly preferred. Since bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus are AOBs that are relatively resistant to acid, they can nitrify ammonia even under these conditions. When the pH of the circulating water is about 5.0 or higher, particularly about 6.5 or higher, there is an advantage that residual ammonia is considerably suppressed. If the pH exceeds 9.0, the nitrification activity may be lowered, and ammonia may volatilize and leak out.
- Nitrogen recovery and pH adjustment during cultivation may be performed by externally adding an alkaline component such as ammonia gas, ammonia water, or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. It may be carried out by allowing them to coexist in the system.
- alkaline component such as ammonia gas, ammonia water, or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. It may be carried out by allowing them to coexist in the system.
- weakly alkaline substances such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, and calcium phosphate hardly dissolve in neutral water, but dissolve under acidic conditions. It can be dissolved out and the pH can be kept near neutral.
- Calcium carbonate is particularly preferable as the weakly alkaline substance, and in addition to general-purpose light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, coral sand, eggshell powder, and the like can be used.
- These weakly alkaline substances may be mixed with, for example, a carrier of nitrifying bacteria and added to a microbial decomposition tank or
- nitrification of ammonia proceeds to some extent, for example, when the nitrate ion concentration in the circulating water reaches a predetermined concentration of 30,000 mg/L or more, some or all of the ammonia is recovered.
- the nitrogen content inside can be recovered as nitrate nitrogen.
- the nitrifying bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation can act effectively even after the circulating water is collected, new circulating water is supplied into the system, and the object to be treated containing an ammonia component, such as When the ammonia-containing gas or ammonia-containing aqueous solution is brought into contact and the ammonia decomposition treatment is restarted, the decomposition reaction of the ammonia component proceeds efficiently as in the previous treatment. Therefore, it is possible to repeatedly recover nitrogen from the ammonia component without replacing the nitrifying agent.
- the new circulating water may be water or activated sludge containing nitrifying bacteria.
- the circulating water that is collected and replaced at one time may be part or all (100%) of the total circulating water volume.
- the amount of circulating water that is collected and replaced at one time is preferably less than 100% of the total circulating water, and 80% or less. More preferably, 60% or less is particularly preferable.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus is 0.1% or more, preferably 1.0% or more, based on the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation. More preferably 3.0% or more, still more preferably 7.0% or more, and even more preferably 10.0% or more.
- the number of NOB bacteria is 0.1% or more, preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1.0% or more, and even more preferably 1.5% or more, particularly preferably 2.0% or more. If the ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB is high, the nitrification of ammonia can proceed smoothly even in an environment with a high ion concentration.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB referred to here is the number ratio in the nitrifying bacteria preparation at some point in the recovery of nitrogen.
- the initial number of bacteria and its ratio are not so important parameters.
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB should be 0.1% or more of the total number of bacteria.
- the abundance of Nitrosococcus and the abundance of NOB are in any case, it is desirable that the content is 0.1% or more not only in the nitrifying bacteria preparation but also in the treatment object (for example, a circulating water storage tank of a treatment apparatus, preferably a microbial decomposition tank, especially the upper part of the nitrifying bacteria carrier).
- the number of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB in the treatment target is It is preferably 0.1% or more.
- the amount used is 0.3 mL in volume of pellets of collected bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus per 1 g of nitrogen content in ammonia to be treated in one day.
- the volume of NOB-collected pellets is 0.05 mL or more, further 0.1 mL or more, especially 0.5 mL or more, especially 1 0 mL or more is preferable.
- the nitrification of ammonia proceeds more smoothly.
- nitrification of ammonia proceeds even if the ion (salt) concentration of the circulating water is high. Specifically, when the circulating water has an ion concentration of 0.5 mol/L or more or a salt concentration of 3% by mass or more, for example, when seawater is used as the circulating water, ammonia can be nitrified. Further, even if the treatment of the ammonia component is continued and the concentration of nitrate ions in the circulating water increases, the nitrification reaction is not inhibited.
- nitrogen in ammonia can be removed without being affected by the type of treatment target (ammonia-containing gas, ammonia-containing aqueous solution, etc.), the initial concentration of the water to be treated such as circulating water, or the number of circulations. It can be efficiently recovered as high-concentration nitrate nitrogen.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation of the present invention may even improve its nitrifying ability when the water to be treated contains a small amount of certain ions or elements. If the water to be treated during nitrogen recovery, such as circulating water, contains components containing elements such as magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur, the growth of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and NOB will be promoted and their activity will be enhanced. may be In particular, if the water to be treated contains magnesium ions or phosphate ions at a certain concentration or higher, ammonia can be treated more efficiently.
- the concentration of magnesium in the circulating water is 0.5 mM (millimol/L) or more, especially about 0.6 to 1.0 mM, and the concentration of phosphorus is 0.5 mM or more, especially about 0.6 to 1.0 mM. is preferred.
- the above circulating water contains magnesium salt such as MgSO 4 .7H 2 O at 125 mg/L or more, particularly about 150 to 250 mg/L, and phosphate such as K 2 HPO 4 at about 85 mg/L or more, particularly 100 to 100 mg/L.
- magnesium salt such as MgSO 4 .7H 2 O at 125 mg/L or more, particularly about 150 to 250 mg/L
- phosphate such as K 2 HPO 4
- pelleted nitrifying bacteria preparations of various bacterial compositions were mixed with ammonia.
- Decomposition/nitrification treatment was performed by adding to the contained aqueous liquid.
- An ammonia-containing aqueous solution containing a nitrifying bacteria formulation is added to coral sand to stabilize the pH (when the nitrification reaction progresses and the pH becomes acidic, calcium carbonate, which is the main component of coral sand, dissolves and is neutralized).
- the pH is kept near neutral) and placed in a container, and the container was stoppered with a breathable silicon stopper so as to create an aerobic condition.
- the container was shaken for 5 days while adjusting the temperature so that the ammonia-containing aqueous solution was exposed to air. Shaking was performed using a constant temperature shaking water bath NTS-1300 manufactured by EYELA.
- nitrifying bacteria formulation added: 0.1 mL (2.5% by volume) of pellets per 4 mL of aqueous liquid
- each activated sludge contained at least AOB such as Nitrosococcus and Nitrosomonas, and bacteria belonging to the Nitrococcus genus.
- AOB such as Nitrosococcus and Nitrosomonas
- the type and number (percentage of number) of bacterial cells in each activated sludge are determined by 16S rRNA bacterial flora analysis using real-time PCR, using the primers and probe sets described in Tables 2 to 4 below. analyzed in These primers are designed to detect specific bacteria or all bacteria belonging to a specific genus, such as all bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus.
- the primer/probe set used for the Nitrosococcus bacterial flora analysis shown in Table 2 and the primer/probe set used for the Nitrococcus bacterial flora analysis shown in Table 3 were designed by the present inventors. It is what I did. Further, the primer/probe set used for the analysis of AOB of the genus Nitrosomonas shown in Table 4 is conventionally known.
- the water to be treated that had been shaken for 5 days and reacted with ammonia was sampled, and the ion concentrations of ammonium ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions in the liquid were measured by colorimetric analysis. Based on these changes in ion concentration, the degree of nitrification of ammonia was evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 below together with the composition of various bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation.
- ⁇ In the water to be treated, 80% or more and less than 90% of nitrite nitrogen generated by oxidation of ammonia changed to nitrate nitrogen, and the ratio of remaining nitrite nitrogen was more than 10% and 20%. When it was below ⁇ : In the water to be treated, 5% or more and less than 80% of nitrite nitrogen generated by oxidation of ammonia changed to nitrate nitrogen, and the ratio of remaining nitrite nitrogen was 20%. When it was more than 95% or less ⁇ : In the water to be treated, less than 5% of the nitrite nitrogen generated by oxidation of ammonia changed to nitrate nitrogen, and the percentage of nitrite nitrogen remaining was 95. %.
- the present invention 0.1% or more of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and 0.1% or more of NOB (in Examples 1 to 3 above, bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrococcus) Nitrifying bacteria preparation No.
- the nitrification reaction proceeded in both freshwater and seawater, and it was found that the nitrate ion concentration remarkably increased.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation No. 1 having a number ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus of 4.2% or more. 2 or No.
- Example 2 and Example 3 using Nitrifying Bacteria Preparation No. 3. 3 was used in Example 3, the progress of nitrification was remarkable.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation No. 2 in which bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus were not detected,
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 using 4 to 6 nitrification hardly progressed in seawater or in a high-concentration sodium nitrate aqueous solution, and the ammonium ion concentration in the water to be treated was 750 mg/L or more.
- the action of AOB such as nitrosomonas progressed the nitritation of the ammonia component, but the oxidation of nitrite hardly progressed, and the increase in nitrate ion concentration in the water to be treated was less than 50 mg/L.
- the nitrifying bacteria preparation In order to convert nitrogen in ammonia to high-concentration nitrate ions and recover them under high salt concentration conditions, the nitrifying bacteria preparation must contain 0.1% or more of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and 0.1% or more of NOB. It was shown that it is necessary to include In addition, when the ratio of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus is 1.0% or more (e.g., Examples 2 and 3), particularly 7.0% or more (e.g., Example 3), relative to the total number of cells, It was found that the nitrification of ammonia proceeded smoothly even under high salt concentration conditions.
- Example 4 In Example 4 and Reference Example, a nitrifying bacteria preparation was used in a nitrogen recovery device to perform nitrification treatment of ammonia-containing gas. At that time, we traced the changes in the concentration of nitrate ions and the ratio of each bacterium in the case of using the activated sludge as it is as the inoculum of the nitrogen recovery device and the case of adding the nitrifying bacteria preparation to the activated sludge. , evaluated the nitrification ability under treatment conditions of high ion concentration.
- a nitrifying bacterium carrier 21 supporting a nitrifying bacterium preparation was held in a microbial decomposition tank 20, and water was circulated to the microbial decomposition tank 20 and the like while passing an ammonia-containing gas in an oxygen-existing atmosphere.
- the circulating water and the nitrifying bacteria carrier 21 were sampled every few weeks to determine the concentrations of ammonium ions, nitrite ions, and nitrate ions in the circulating water, and the ratio of various bacteria to the total bacteria on the nitrifying bacteria carrier 21 ( number ratio) was analyzed.
- the analysis of the number ratio and the measurement of each ion concentration were carried out in the same manner as in Examples 1-3.
- the test results are shown in Table 5 below.
- the inoculum was prepared by adding nitrifying bacteria preparation pellets to activated sludge obtained from an activated sludge tank at a pig farm in Saitama Prefecture (Example 4). The proportion of pellets added was about 3% of the volume of pellets obtained by collecting the same amount of activated sludge.
- the inoculum after addition of pellets was used by being supported on porous glass (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "nitrifier support").
- the support of the inoculum on the carrier was carried out by inoculating 3 L (an amount corresponding to 300% by volume of the filling volume of the porous glass) of the inoculum into 340 g of the porous glass (corresponding to a filling volume of 1 L).
- a nitrification treatment was also carried out using activated sludge as it was without adding pellets (reference example).
- Nitrifying bacteria carrier 21 Filling height: 20 cm (filling volume: 1 L), temperature: 30°C, water content (in microbial decomposition tank 20): 13% by volume
- Nitrifying bacteria preparation Contains 10.59% Nitrosococcus, 0.14% AOB such as Nitrosomonas, and 1.85% Nitrococcus (both ratios of the number of bacteria to the total number of bacteria in the nitrifying bacteria preparation).
- - Circulating water 3 L of activated sludge was used as it was.
- Example 4 in which a nitrifying bacteria preparation containing 0.1% or more of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and 0.1% or more of NOB (Nitrococcus) was added to the total cells, 111 After a day had passed, the abundance of bacteria belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus and Nitrococcus both exceeded 1%, and the nitrate ion concentration increased to over 50,000 mg/L.
- NOB Nonrococcus
- Example 5 Using the same apparatus as used in Example 4, except that it was equipped with a 200 L water tank (used as a foam glass filling tank) and a 100 L water tank (used as a circulating water tank), the nitrifying bacteria preparation was cultured. Tried. 10 L of foam glass carrying bacteria belonging to Nitrosococcus and bacteria belonging to Nitrococcus (presence ratio of Nitrosococcus: 6.4%, presence ratio of Nitrococcus: 4.2%) was prepared without supporting bacteria. It was placed in a 200 L water tank together with 190 L of foam glass, and the same test as in Example 4 was performed. However, 50 L of artificial seawater having the following composition was used as circulating water (medium), and the system was operated for 51 days under the following operating conditions.
- ammonia was injected in the form of an aqueous solution rather than gas.
- the initial amount of ammonia added every hour is 206 mg, and if the pH of the circulating water becomes less than 7 30 minutes after the addition, the next amount added is increased by 1.2 to 1.5 times. set as
- the ratio of Nitrosococcus increased to 24.5% and the ratio of Nitrococcus increased to 11.3%.
- the amount of ammonia that can be nitrified (in terms of ammonium ions) in the entire apparatus was 55,170 mg/day on the 51st day, which was more than ten times the amount at the start of the culture.
- the nitrification reaction can be sufficiently progressed even in various environments, for example, environments with high ion concentration (salt concentration).
- a nitrifying bacteria preparation and a nitrogen recovery method capable of efficiently recovering high-concentration nitrate nitrogen from generated ammonia have been provided.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)アンモニア酸化細菌と亜硝酸酸化細菌とを含有する硝化菌製剤であって、
前記アンモニア酸化細菌がニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有し、
前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上であり、かつ
前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上である、
硝化菌製剤。
(2)前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が1.0%以上である、(1)の硝化菌製剤。
(3)前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が7.0%以上である、(1)の硝化菌製剤。
(4)前記亜硝酸酸化細菌がニトロコッカス属に属する細菌を含有する、(1)~(3)のいずれかの硝化菌製剤。
(5)前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の液状培養物を含む、(1)~(4)のいずれかの硝化菌製剤。
(6)前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌のペレットまたは凍結乾燥物を含む、(1)~(4)のいずれかの硝化菌製剤。
(7)前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌が担体に担持された硝化菌担持体を含む、(1)~(4)のいずれかの硝化菌製剤。
(8)(1)~(4)のいずれかの硝化菌製剤に含まれる、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の培養方法であって、
前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌を含有する種菌を、湿潤状態の培地中で塩濃度を0.5モル/L以上1モル/L以下に保ちながら酸素存在雰囲気下でアンモニア成分と接触させる、培養方法。
(9)前記培地中のマグネシウムの濃度が0.5ミリモル/L以上であり、かつリンの濃度が0.5ミリモル/L以上である、(8)の培養方法。
本発明の硝化菌製剤は、アンモニア酸化細菌と亜硝酸酸化細菌とを含有する硝化菌製剤であって、アンモニア酸化細菌がニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有し、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上であり、かつ亜硝酸酸化細菌の菌数は、硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上である。
アンモニア酸化細菌(AOB)とは、アンモニアを亜硝酸に酸化する細菌である。本発明の硝化菌製剤は、AOBとして少なくともニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有する。
ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌としては従来知られるものを使用できる。例として、ニトロソコッカス・モビリス(Nitrosococcus mobilis)、ニトロソコッカス・ニトロサス(Nitrosococcus nitrosus)、ニトロソコッカス・オセアヌス(Nitrosococcus oceanus、Nitrosococcus oceani)、ニトロソコッカス・ワトソニィ(Nitrosococcus watosonii)、ニトロソコッカス・ハロフィルス(Nitrosococcus halophilus)等が挙げられる。ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を、複数種併用することも可能である。
亜硝酸酸化細菌(NOB)とは、亜硝酸を硝酸に酸化する細菌である。
本発明の硝化菌製剤は、高イオン濃度の処理条件下でも特に良好な活性を有するという観点から、NOBとして、ニトロコッカス属に属する細菌を含有することが好ましい。ニトロコッカス属に属する細菌は、低塩濃度でも高塩濃度でも増殖し、機能することができる。ニトロコッカス属に属する細菌としては、例えばニトロコッカス・モビリス(Nitrococcus mobilis)等が挙げられる。
本発明の硝化菌製剤は、例えば活性汚泥等を種菌として調製することができる。例えば、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌及び亜硝酸酸化細菌を含有する種菌を、湿潤状態の培地中でイオン濃度を0.5モル/L以上1モル/L以下程度に保ちながら酸素存在雰囲気下でアンモニア成分と接触させる、培養方法によって調製し得る。前記のように、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌のようなAOBや、ニトロコッカス属に属する細菌のようなNOBは、高塩濃度でも増殖し得るので、こうしたイオン濃度の高い環境下で培養及びスクリーニングを行い、製造することが可能である。
本発明の硝化菌製剤は、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌とNOBとを所定の個数割合以上含有していればどのような形態であってもよく、例えばこれら細菌を水に分散させた液状物であってもよい。例として、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有するAOB(アンモニア酸化細菌)及びNOB(亜硝酸酸化細菌)の液状培養物を含む硝化菌製剤等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。あるいは、例えばこうした液状の硝化菌製剤に遠心分離や濾過等の操作を施して分離した後に、ペレットのような固形物にしてもよい。液状培養物またはペレットを凍結乾燥して粉末等にした、凍結乾燥物であってもよい。また、これらの細菌を担体に担持させることもできる。本発明はまた、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有するAOB及びNOBのペレットを含む硝化菌製剤、並びに、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有するAOB及びNOBが担体に担持された硝化菌担持体を含む硝化菌製剤をも包含する。
ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌及びNOBを担持させる担体(硝化菌担持体)に特に制限はないが、表面積が大きく、腐敗し難い材料が好ましい。例として、多孔質体及び/または無機繊維質体、例えばゼオライト、発泡ガラスのような多孔質ガラス、パーライト、珪藻土、軽石、大谷石、炭酸カルシウム粒子や硫酸バリウム粒子等の凝集体、シリカゲル、ロックウール、ガラスウール、炭素繊維等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。取り扱いの容易さやコストを考慮すると、ゼオライト、多孔質ガラス、ガラスウール等、特に発泡ガラスのような多孔質材料が好ましい。
本発明の硝化菌製剤は、例えば、高イオン濃度の処理条件下であっても、アンモニアを効率よく硝化することができ、高濃度の硝酸態窒素を得ることを可能とする。そのため、アンモニア成分中の窒素成分、例えばアンモニア含有ガスやアンモニア含有水溶液中の窒素成分を回収する方法での使用に適している。本発明はまた、アンモニア成分を硝化菌で分解し、アンモニア成分中の窒素成分を硝酸イオンとして回収する硝酸イオン回収工程を含む窒素回収方法であって、硝酸イオン回収工程は、硝化菌製剤が保持された微生物分解槽に、循環水を供給して、硝化菌製剤を湿潤状態に保持する湿潤工程と、湿潤状態とされた硝化菌製剤に、酸素存在雰囲気下でアンモニア成分を含有する処理対象を接触させる接触工程と、アンモニア成分及び硝化菌により分解されたアンモニア成分の分解生成物を、循環水中に溶解して、循環水中にアンモニア分解生成物を蓄積しながら、アンモニア成分を分解処理する分解工程と、循環水中におけるアンモニア分解生成物としての硝酸イオン濃度が30,000mg/L以上にまで高められて所定濃度に達したとき、循環水の一部または全部を回収する回収工程と、を含み、硝化菌製剤がアンモニア酸化細菌と亜硝酸酸化細菌とを含有し、アンモニア酸化細菌がニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有し、ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上であり、かつ亜硝酸酸化細菌の菌数は、硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上である窒素回収方法を包含する。
こうした本発明の方法に従う窒素回収は、例えば、本発明者らが提案し出願した国際公開第2021/049603号に係る明細書及び図1に示す窒素回収装置を用いて行うことができる。より具体的には、以下のような実施形態の窒素回収装置を使用することができる:
上記のような硝化菌製剤を含有する硝化菌担持体(担体)を備え、アンモニア含有ガス中のアンモニア成分を硝化菌で分解し、該アンモニア成分中の窒素成分をアンモニア分解生成物として回収する窒素回収装置であって、
(A) 前記硝化菌担持体を有し、酸素存在雰囲気下で前記アンモニア成分を分解する微生物分解槽と、
(B) 前記微生物分解槽に前記アンモニア含有ガスを供給するアンモニア含有ガス供給手段と、
(C) 前記微生物分解槽に対して水を供給する給水手段と、
(D) 前記微生物分解槽において生成した前記アンモニア分解生成物を含む水を微生物分解槽より導出する排水ラインと、
(E) 前記排水ラインより排出された前記アンモニア分解生成物を含む水を一時的に貯留する循環水貯留槽と、
(F) 前記貯留槽と前記微生物分解槽とを接続し、前記貯留槽より前記アンモニア分解生成物を含む水を前記微生物分解槽に送る再処理ラインと、
(G) 前記微生物分解槽、前記排水ライン、前記循環水貯留槽、及び前記再処理ラインの間で、前記アンモニア分解生成物を含む前記水を循環させる循環手段と、
(H) 前記循環水貯留槽より、所定の硝酸イオン濃度となった前記アンモニア分解生成物を含む水の一部または全部を回収する回収手段と、を備える窒素回収装置。
本発明の窒素回収方法において、循環水の温度等の条件に特に制限はない。しかしながら本発明の硝化菌製剤の活性を高める上で、水温を例えば10~60℃の範囲に調整することが好ましく、さらには15~50℃、特に20~40℃に調整することがより好適である。
硝化菌製剤中の各種細菌の組成(個数割合)、及び硝化反応時の液中の塩濃度が、アンモニアの硝化に及ぼす影響について検討した。
・硝化菌製剤添加量:水性液4mLに対してペレット0.1mL(2.5体積%)
・水性液(処理対象):微量元素としてリン、カリウム、マグネシウム、イオウを含む淡水(K2HPO4 140mg/L、MgSO4・7H2O 200mg/L)、海水または0.5M硝酸ナトリウム水溶液:4mL
・水性液(処理対象)液中のアンモニア濃度(窒素原子の質量換算):
淡水の場合は、690mg/L=2.8mg/4mL、海水の場合は、927mg/L=3.7mg/4mL、0.5M硝酸ナトリウム水溶液の場合は、874mg/L=3.5mg/4mLとした。
・pH:7.0(反応前)
・温度:30℃
なお、各活性汚泥中の菌体の種類と数(個数割合)は、リアルタイムPCRを用いた16S rRNA菌叢解析により、後記する表2乃至表4に記載のプライマー・プローブセットを用いてリアルタイムPCRで分析した。なお、これらプライマーは、特定の細菌又は特定の属に属する細菌全体が、例えばニトロソコッカス属の全細菌等が、検出される設計になっている。表2に記載のニトロソコッカス属の菌叢解析に用いたプライマー・プローブセットと、表3に記載のニトロコッカス属の菌叢解析に用いたプライマー・プローブセットは、いずれも本発明者らが設計したものである。また、表4に記載のニトロソモナス属などのAOBの解析に用いたプライマー・プローブセットは、従来から知られている公知のものである。
・アンモニウムイオン(NH4 +)での評価基準
◎:処理対象水中のアンモニウムイオン濃度が250mg/L未満であった場合
○:処理対象水中のアンモニウムイオン濃度が250mg/L以上500mg/L未満であった場合
△:処理対象水中のアンモニウムイオン濃度が500mg/L以上750mg/L未満であった場合
×:処理対象水中のアンモニウムイオン濃度が750mg/L以上であった場合
・亜硝酸イオン(NO2 -)での評価基準
◎:処理対象水中で、アンモニアが酸化されて生じた亜硝酸態窒素の90%以上が硝酸態窒素に変化し、亜硝酸態窒素のまま残留した割合が10%以下であった場合
○:処理対象水中で、アンモニアが酸化されて生じた亜硝酸態窒素の80%以上90%未満が硝酸態窒素に変化し、亜硝酸態窒素のまま残留した割合が10%超20%以下であった場合
△:処理対象水中で、アンモニアが酸化されて生じた亜硝酸態窒素の5%以上80%未満が硝酸態窒素に変化し、亜硝酸態窒素のまま残留した割合が20%超95%以下であった場合
×:処理対象水中で、アンモニアが酸化されて生じた亜硝酸態窒素の5%未満しか硝酸態窒素に変化せず、亜硝酸態窒素のまま残留した割合が95%超であった場合。
・硝酸イオン(NO3 -)での評価基準
◎:処理対象水中の硝酸イオン濃度が、試験開始当初に比べて1400mg/L以上増加した場合
○:処理対象水中の硝酸イオン濃度が、試験開始当初に比べて700mg/L以上1400mg/L未満の範囲で増加した場合
△:処理対象水中の硝酸イオン濃度が、試験開始当初に比べて50mg/L以上700mg/L未満の範囲で増加した場合
×:処理対象水中の硝酸イオン濃度が、試験開始当初と同じか、または試験開始当初に比べて50mg/L未満の範囲で増加した場合
実施例4及び参考例では、窒素回収装置で硝化菌製剤を使用し、アンモニア含有ガスの硝化処理を行った。その際、活性汚泥をそのまま窒素回収装置の種菌として使用する場合と、活性汚泥に硝化菌製剤を添加して用いた場合とで、硝酸イオン等の濃度変化と各細菌の比率の変化を追跡し、高イオン濃度の処理条件下での硝化能を評価した。
・硝化菌担持体21
充填高さ:20cm(充填体積:1L)、温度:30℃、含水率(微生物分解槽20において):13体積%
・硝化菌製剤:ニトロソコッカスを10.59%、ニトロソモナス等のAOBを0.14%、ニトロコッカスを1.85%(いずれも、硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合)含有。
・循環水:3Lの活性汚泥を、そのまま使用した。
温度:30℃、pH:7.0以上(pHが7.0未満になると、pHコントローラーにて0.5N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加してpHを自動調整)
液量:硝化菌担持体21の体積の3倍、
1時間当たりの循環量:硝化菌担持体21の充填体積1L当り400mL/分、循環水中のエアレーション量:循環水3Lに対し4L/分
・アンモニア投入量
窒素原子の質量換算で約250mg/日
200Lの水タンク(発泡ガラス充填槽として使用)と100Lの水タンク(循環水タンクとして使用)を備えた以外は、実施例4で用いたのと同様の装置を用い、硝化菌製剤の培養を試みた。ニトロソコッカスに属する細菌とニトロコッカスに属する細菌とを担持させた発泡ガラス(ニトロソコッカスの存在割合:6.4%、ニトロコッカスの存在割合:4.2%)10Lを、菌を担持させていない発泡ガラス190Lと共に200L水タンクに入れ、実施例4と同様の試験を行った。但し、循環水(培地)として下記組成の人工海水50Lを使用し、下記の運転条件で51日間稼働させた。また、アンモニアはガスではなく水溶液の形で注入した。1時間毎のアンモニアの添加量は、初期値を206mgとし、添加から30分後に循環水のpHが7未満となる場合には、次の添加量を1.2~1.5倍へと増すように設定した。
人工海水塩(ジェックス株式会社製シーウォーター、塩濃度:36g/L(約0.6M))
K2HPO4添加量:114mg/L
MgSO4・7H2O添加量:200mg/L
<運転条件>
水温:30℃
循環水量:30L/min
エアレーション:循環水50Lあたり60L/min
11 アンモニア含有ガス供給ライン
12 吸気ポンプ
20 微生物分解槽
21 硝化菌担持体
30 給水ライン
31 散水器
40 排水ライン
50 循環水貯留槽
60 循環ポンプ
70 再処理ライン
80 硝酸水溶液回収ライン
90 pHコントローラー
91 pHセンサ
100 pH調整剤供給ライン
101 アルカリ液槽
102 酸液槽
Claims (9)
- アンモニア酸化細菌と亜硝酸酸化細菌とを含有する硝化菌製剤であって、
前記アンモニア酸化細菌がニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌を含有し、
前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上であり、かつ
前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が0.1%以上である、
硝化菌製剤。 - 前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が1.0%以上である、請求項1記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌の菌数は、前記硝化菌製剤中の全菌体数に対する個数割合が7.0%以上である、請求項1記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 前記亜硝酸酸化細菌がニトロコッカス属に属する細菌を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の液状培養物を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌のペレットまたは凍結乾燥物を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 前記硝化菌製剤が、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌が担体に担持された硝化菌担持体を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の硝化菌製剤。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の硝化菌製剤に含まれる、前記アンモニア酸化細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌の培養方法であって、
前記ニトロソコッカス属に属する細菌及び前記亜硝酸酸化細菌を含有する種菌を、湿潤状態の培地中で塩濃度を0.5モル/L以上1モル/L以下に保ちながら酸素存在雰囲気下でアンモニア成分と接触させる、培養方法。 - 前記培地中のマグネシウムの濃度が0.5ミリモル/L以上であり、かつリンの濃度が0.5ミリモル/L以上である、請求項8記載の培養方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/551,272 US20240166988A1 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-29 | Nitrifying bacteria formulation |
JP2023511362A JPWO2022210685A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-29 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021-062128 | 2021-03-31 | ||
JP2021062128 | 2021-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022210685A1 true WO2022210685A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Family
ID=83459403
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2022/015372 WO2022210685A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-29 | 硝化菌製剤 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240166988A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2022210685A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW202305111A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022210685A1 (ja) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000189994A (ja) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-11 | Soc Natl Poudres Explosifs | 過塩素酸アンモニウムを含む水を生物学的に精製するための方法 |
JP2007508247A (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | ホイットロック,デービッド,アール. | アンモニア酸化細菌の使用方法 |
JP2010046592A (ja) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-03-04 | Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd | 地下かん水に含まれるアンモニアの処理方法 |
CN101941782A (zh) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-12 | 福建微水环保技术有限公司 | 一种皮革废水的处理方法 |
JP2013540578A (ja) * | 2010-08-18 | 2013-11-07 | ノボザイムス バイオロジカルズ,インコーポレイティド | 水生生物及び液体の処理方法 |
CN104211185A (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 付永全 | 循环冷却水的生物处理方法 |
CN106045016A (zh) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-26 | 北京赛富威环境工程技术有限公司 | 一种基于高密度生物床的污水处理方法 |
CN111111425A (zh) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-08 | 北京建筑大学 | 多反应段组合式臭气处理装置及处理方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-29 US US18/551,272 patent/US20240166988A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-29 JP JP2023511362A patent/JPWO2022210685A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-29 WO PCT/JP2022/015372 patent/WO2022210685A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-03-30 TW TW111112202A patent/TW202305111A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000189994A (ja) * | 1998-12-30 | 2000-07-11 | Soc Natl Poudres Explosifs | 過塩素酸アンモニウムを含む水を生物学的に精製するための方法 |
JP2007508247A (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | ホイットロック,デービッド,アール. | アンモニア酸化細菌の使用方法 |
JP2010046592A (ja) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-03-04 | Kanto Natural Gas Development Co Ltd | 地下かん水に含まれるアンモニアの処理方法 |
JP2013540578A (ja) * | 2010-08-18 | 2013-11-07 | ノボザイムス バイオロジカルズ,インコーポレイティド | 水生生物及び液体の処理方法 |
CN101941782A (zh) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-12 | 福建微水环保技术有限公司 | 一种皮革废水的处理方法 |
CN104211185A (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 付永全 | 循环冷却水的生物处理方法 |
CN106045016A (zh) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-26 | 北京赛富威环境工程技术有限公司 | 一种基于高密度生物床的污水处理方法 |
CN111111425A (zh) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-08 | 北京建筑大学 | 多反应段组合式臭气处理装置及处理方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
CHEN, G.-H. WONG, M.-T. OKABE, S. WATANABE, Y.: "Dynamic response of nitrifying activated sludge batch culture to increased chloride concentration", WATER RESEARCH, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 37, no. 13, 1 July 2003 (2003-07-01), AMSTERDAM, NL, pages 3125 - 3135, XP004428181, ISSN: 0043-1354, DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00207-0 * |
QUARTAROLI LARISSA; SILVA LíVIA C.; SILVA CLAUDIO MUDADU; LIMA HELENA SANTIAGO; PAULA SERGIO OLIVEIRA DE; OLIVEIRA VALéR: "Ammonium removal from high-salinity oilfield-produced water: assessing the microbial community dynamics at increasing salt concentrations", APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, SPRINGER BERLIN HEIDELBERG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 101, no. 2, 4 November 2016 (2016-11-04), Berlin/Heidelberg, pages 859 - 870, XP036128015, ISSN: 0175-7598, DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7902-0 * |
UEMOTO HIROAKI, KIKUCHI KOTARO, KIYONO MICHIYASU: "Isolation of a Marine Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium from a Closed Recirculating Seawater System for Fish Culture.", NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI - BULLETIN OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SCIENTIFIC FISHERIES, NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAI, TOKYO, JP, vol. 59, no. 12, 25 December 1993 (1993-12-25), JP , pages 2003 - 2008, XP055972486, ISSN: 0021-5392, DOI: 10.2331/suisan.59.2003 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW202305111A (zh) | 2023-02-01 |
JPWO2022210685A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
US20240166988A1 (en) | 2024-05-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6221650B1 (en) | Waste treatment with a combination of denitrifying propionibacterium acidipropionici and protease-producing bacillus | |
Trois et al. | Alternative solutions for the bio-denitrification of landfill leachates using pine bark and compost | |
AU722058B2 (en) | Compost decontamination of DDT contaminated soil | |
JP2001504029A (ja) | 塩素化毒物で汚染されている土壌の堆肥汚染除去法 | |
Witthayaphirom et al. | Long-term removals of organic micro-pollutants in reactive media of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland treating landfill leachate | |
Nguyen et al. | Modification of expanded clay carrier for enhancing the immobilization and nitrogen removal capacity of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the aquaculture system | |
WO2021049603A1 (ja) | 窒素回収方法、窒素回収装置、およびこれにより得られる製品 | |
WO2022210685A1 (ja) | 硝化菌製剤 | |
RU2367530C1 (ru) | Препарат для биологической очистки грунта, нефтешламов, жидких отходов и сточных вод от органических соединений и нефтепродуктов и способ его применения (три варианта) | |
JP6935900B2 (ja) | 脱臭及び窒素除去方法 | |
Molina et al. | Aeration‐Induced Changes in Liquid Digested Sewage Sludge | |
KR20220170347A (ko) | 악취저감 및 부숙 촉진용 미네랄과 미생물 조성물 제조방법 | |
Grabas et al. | Application of a biopreparation with cultures of effective microorganisms to the processing of wastewater sludge on a semi-industrial scale | |
US20050257586A1 (en) | Method of sustaining plant growth in hazardous substrates, limiting the mobility of substrate contaminants, and beneficiation of normal soils | |
Yamashita et al. | Nitrate-removal activity of a biofilm attached to a perlite carrier under continuous aeration conditions | |
JP3553253B2 (ja) | 生物硝化脱窒方法 | |
US20030140670A1 (en) | Method of sustaining plant growth in toxic substrates polluted with heavy metal elements | |
Suleimanov et al. | Changes in the properties of oily gray forest soil during biological reclamation | |
JP6802941B1 (ja) | 脱アンモニア処理方法 | |
JPH0859379A (ja) | 動物排泄物の浄化処理方法並びにその処理化物 | |
CN116555127B (zh) | 一种微生物复合菌剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
Herman et al. | Consequences of biogeochemical cycles gone wild | |
EP1208922B1 (en) | Method of sustaining plant growth in toxic substrates polluted with heavy metal elements | |
Anandham et al. | Isolation of sulfur oxidizing bacteria from different ecological niches | |
JP3789745B2 (ja) | アルカリ土壌の中和剤及び中和方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22780896 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18551272 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023511362 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 22780896 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |