WO2022199909A1 - Procédé d'osmose et dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un tel procédé - Google Patents

Procédé d'osmose et dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un tel procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022199909A1
WO2022199909A1 PCT/EP2022/052015 EP2022052015W WO2022199909A1 WO 2022199909 A1 WO2022199909 A1 WO 2022199909A1 EP 2022052015 W EP2022052015 W EP 2022052015W WO 2022199909 A1 WO2022199909 A1 WO 2022199909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
osmosis
cell
solution
water
electrochemical cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/052015
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix Lohmann-Richters
Eugen Hoppe
Holger Janssen
Martin Müller
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
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Filing date
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Application filed by Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Publication of WO2022199909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022199909A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H01M8/222—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on compounds containing nitrogen, e.g. hydrazine, ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
    • B01D2311/2684—Electrochemical processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
    • B01D61/005—Osmotic agents; Draw solutions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an osmosis process in which water passes from a feed solution through a semi-permeable membrane of an osmosis cell into a draw solution. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device that is set up to carry out such an osmosis method.
  • forward osmosis water passes from a feed solution through a semi-permeable membrane into a draw solution, with the draw solution having a higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution.
  • the membrane is designed in such a way that it is impermeable to other substances that are dissolved or undissolved in the feed solution. In this way, the feed solution is concentrated and the draw solution is diluted. In most cases, the water is removed from the draw solution in a further process in order to be able to use the draw solution again. Distillation, reverse osmosis and responsive train solutions are used for this, for example.
  • forward osmosis When using forward osmosis to obtain water or to concentrate the feed solution, the removal of the water from the draw solution is central to the technical implementation and the economics of the process.
  • the advantages of forward osmosis are its high selectivity and less severe membrane fouling compared to reverse osmosis.
  • a disadvantage is the cost-intensive removal of the water from the draw solution.
  • the present invention provides a method of the type mentioned at the beginning, which is characterized in that the draw solution, after it has been diluted in the at least one osmosis cell, is used to operate at least one electrochemical cell in which water is removed from the draw solution, and that the concentrated solution after leaving the electrochemical cell after the let the electrochemical cell is fed again to the at least one osmosis cell as a draw solution.
  • a well-known example of such an electrochemical cell is an electrolytic cell used for water electrolysis.
  • High-purity, mostly fully desalinated feed water is required for water electrolysis. So far, water has been purified in a laborious process for this purpose. Depending on the quality of the water available, this is done, for example, by microfiltration and reverse osmosis. In most cases, the water is then purified by ion exchange to produce ultrapure water with a high electrical resistance.
  • the provision of water for the electrolysis by a so-called "entrochemical cell” is presented.
  • the vapor pressure difference between the inflow and the draw solution is used to transfer water via the gas phase into the draw solution.
  • feed water for water electrolysis is very expensive in many of those locations that are particularly suitable for generating electricity from renewable sources, such as marine environments such as offshore wind farms and ships, or dry areas suitable for photovoltaic or wind power such as deserts or steppes. Fresh water is not available in these areas, so other water sources such as salt water or sewage have to be cleaned at great expense.
  • the approaches of providing the water for the electrolysis by transport via the gas phase are not suitable, since only small quantities can be transported here compared to membrane processes.
  • the water supply for operating the electrochemical cell is now provided by the osmosis and the regeneration of the draw solution of the osmosis is carried out by the electrochemical cell.
  • this allows the efficient provision of water for the electrochemical Cell, even from polluted water or even salt water.
  • efficient systems can be built more easily to operate electrochemical cells in areas where clean water is difficult to obtain.
  • the regeneration of the draw solution becomes economical in combination with the operation of the electrochemical cell.
  • the osmosis process is preferably a forward osmosis process.
  • the electrolyte is known to be selected in such a way that its osmotic pressure is above the osmotic pressure of the feed solution.
  • variants of the forward osmosis process can also be used according to the invention, in particular in the form of a PEO process or a PRO process. This allows more flexibility in the osmotic pressure of the feed solution and electrolyte, as well as adjustment of the operating pressures.
  • the difference between osmotic pressure (P ) and absolute pressure (p) on the feed solution side (s) must be greater than on the electrolysis side (e).
  • a higher osmotic pressure of the feed solution can be compensated by a higher absolute pressure of the feed solution.
  • reverse osmosis is involved, but according to the invention forward osmosis or its variants mentioned above are preferred. Since the osmotic pressure difference is smaller than in the production of pure water, less pressure and therefore less energy is required than without the coupling of the osmosis and the electrochemical cell.
  • the forward osmosis membrane and the draw solution are advantageously selected in such a way that as much water as possible passes through the membrane, but the dissolved and undissolved substances are retained on both sides of the membrane.
  • the electrochemical cell is an electrolysis cell used to carry out electrolysis of water in order to obtain oxygen and hydrogen.
  • the water electrolysis is advantageously alkaline water electrolysis or water electrolysis with an anion exchange membrane.
  • the draw solution is advantageously an alkaline electrolyte, such as KOH, NaOH, Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic base.
  • alkaline electrolyte such as KOH, NaOH, Na 2 CO 3 , or an organic base.
  • Such draft solutions are advantageous because of the low purity requirements for the feed water.
  • neutral, acidic or mixtures of draw solutions can also be used.
  • purified water is obtained by removing water from the obtained water vapor-saturated oxygen and/or hydrogen.
  • drinking water can be obtained as a by-product, which can be very advantageous in some regions of the world.
  • the electrochemical cell is a direct methanol fuel cell or a direct ammonia fuel cell.
  • the draw solution is preferably circulated so that it flows from the outlet side of the at least one electrochemical cell to the inlet side of the at least one osmosis cell and from the outlet side of the at least one osmosis cell to the inlet side of the at least one electrochemical cell le is moved, preferably at least one solution reservoir being provided in the solution circuit between the at least one electrochemical cell and the at least one osmosis cell, which in particular also serves as a gas separator.
  • the volume flows of the draw solution and the feed solution fed to the osmosis are regulated in such a way that the amount of water withdrawn from the draw solution in the at least one electrochemical cell corresponds to the amount of water fed into the at least one osmosis cell, or vice versa.
  • the feed solution is preferably salt water, for example sea water, or waste water.
  • osmosis can be used to concentrate liquid food, valuable or waste materials, which then form the food solution.
  • the present invention provides a device that is set up to carry out a method according to the invention, comprising at least one solution circulation circuit that contains at least one osmosis cell, at least one electrochemical cell and at least one gas separator, and a control device that is used to control the volume flow of the osmosis cell and /or the draw solution fed to the electrochemical cell and/or to control the volume flow of the feed solution fed to the at least one osmosis cell.
  • the draw solution circuit has a first sub-circuit, which circulates the draw solution between a gas separator and the at least one osmosis cell, and a second sub-circuit, which circulates the draw solution between the gas separator and the at least one electrochemical cell.
  • the draw solution circuit preferably has at least one sensor, with the control device being set up in such a way that it measures the volume flow of the draw solution fed to the osmosis cell and/or the electrochemical cell and/or the volume flow of the feed solution fed to the at least one osmosis cell and/or the electric current of the electrochemical cell based on sensor data transmitted by the at least one sensor, wherein the at least one sensor is preferably a sensor that detects the density and/or the ionic conductivity of the draw solution.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 1 is used to convert electricity into hydrogen directly in an offshore wind farm.
  • the main components of the device 1 are an osmosis cell 2, an electrochemical cell 3, an anode-side gas separator 4 and a cathode-side gas separator 5, with the osmosis cell 2, the electrochemical cell 3 and the cathode-side gas separator 5 being integrated into a draw solution circuit 6.
  • the gas separators 4 and 5 each also serve as a reservoir.
  • the osmosis cell 2 is designed here as a forward osmosis cell and comprises a semipermeable membrane 7, more precisely a forward osmosis membrane, a feed solution inlet 8, a feed solution outlet 9, a train solution inlet 10 and a train solution outlet 11.
  • the membrane 7 is designed in such a way that it is permeable to water but is impermeable to other dissolved or undissolved substances contained in the food solution.
  • the electrochemical cell 3 is an alkaline electrolytic cell with a metallic anode 12, a metallic cathode 13, a porous membrane 14 or diaphragm, an anode-side electrolyte inlet 15, an anode-side electrolyte outlet 16, a cathode-side electrolyte inlet 17 and a cathode-side electrolyte outlet 18
  • the gas separators 4 and 5 each comprise a liquid inlet 19, a liquid outlet 20 and a product gas outlet 21.
  • the liquid outlet 20 of the anode-side gas separator 4 is connected to the anode-side electrolyte inlet 15 of the electrochemical cell 3 bound, and the anode-side electrolyte outlet 16 is connected to the liquid inlet 19 of the anode-side gas separator 4 .
  • the liquid outlet 20 of the cathode-side gas separator 5 is connected to the solution inlet 10 of the osmosis cell 2, the solution outlet 11 of the osmosis cell 2 to the cathode-side electrolyte inlet 17 of the electrochemical cell 3 and the cathode-side electrolyte outlet 18 in turn to the liquid inlet 19 of the cathode-side gas separator 5.
  • a bypass line 22 is also provided, which branches off from the draw solution inlet 10 and opens into the draw solution outlet 11, so that the draw solution can be routed from the liquid outlet 20 of the cathode-side gas separator 5 past the osmosis cell 2 to the cathode-side electrolyte inlet 17 of the electrochemical cell 3.
  • the draft solution it is presently 32% potassium hydroxide.
  • the feed solution is presently provided as sea water.
  • the electrolyte used to operate the electrochemical cell 3 is formed by the draw solution.
  • the feed solution is fed to the osmosis cell 2 via its feed solution inlet 8 and the feed solution is fed via its feed solution inlet 10.
  • the draw solution draws water through the membrane 7 of the osmosis cell 2.
  • the feed solution is concentrated and the draw solution is diluted.
  • the concentrated feed solution leaves the osmosis cell 2 via the feed solution outlet 9, while the diluted feed solution or the diluted electrolyte is introduced into the electrochemical cell 3 via the feed solution outlet 11 of the osmosis cell 2 and the electrolyte feed 17 on the cathode side.
  • the solution is drawn from the anode-side gas separator 4 via the liquid outlet 20 of the gas separator 4 and the anode-side electrolyte feed 15 transported into the electrochemical cell 3.
  • the voltage applied between the anode 12 and the cathode 13 produces, in a known manner, oxygen at the anode 12 and hydrogen at the cathode 13, with water being consumed on the cathode side.
  • the draw solution or the electrolyte is fed back into the anode-side gas separator 4 via the anode-side electrolyte outlet 16 and the liquid inlet 19 , in which the gaseous oxygen is discharged through the product gas outlet 21 .
  • the now concentrated draw solution or the concentrated electrolyte is fed back via the cathode-side electrolyte outlet 18 and the liquid inlet 19 into the cathode-side gas separator 5 , in which the gaseous hydrogen is discharged through the product gas outlet 21 .
  • the concentrated draw solution is then fed back from the cathode-side gas separator 5 to the osmosis cell 2 for renewed dilution, before it is fed to the electrochemical cell 3 .
  • a partial solution flow coming from the gas separator 5 on the cathode side can also be routed past the osmosis cell 2 directly to the electrochemical cell 3, which mixes with the solution flowing out of the solution outlet 11 of the osmosis cell 2 before it reaches the electrochemical cell 3 .
  • a control device 23 is provided, which in particular actuates pumps and valves that are not shown in detail here.
  • the draw solution circuit 6 can also have at least one sensor 24, shown only as an example in FIG. 1, which detects in particular the density and/or the ionic conductivity of the draw solution.
  • control device 23 is set up in such a way that it controls the volume flow of the draft solution fed to the osmosis cell 2 and/or the electrochemical cell 3 and/or the volume flow of the feed solution fed to the at least one osmosis cell and/or the electric current of the electrochemical cell 3 based on sensor data transmitted by the at least one sensor 24.
  • the volume flows of the draw solution and the feed solution fed to the osmosis are preferably regulated in such a way that the amount of water withdrawn from the draw solution in the electrochemical cell 3 corresponds at least in the medium term to the amount of water fed into the osmosis cell 2 or vice versa.
  • the water supply for operating the electrochemical cell 3 is provided by the osmosis and the regeneration of the draft solution of the osmosis is carried out by the electrochemical cell 3.
  • this allows the efficient provision of water for the electrochemical cell 3, even from contaminated water or even salt water . Accordingly, efficient systems can be built more easily to operate electrochemical cells 3 in areas where clean water is difficult to obtain.
  • the regeneration of the draw solution in combination with the operation of the electrochemical cell 3 becomes economical.
  • the osmosis cell 2 can also be designed to carry out a PEO process or PRO process.
  • a further variant consists in designing the membrane 14 of the electrochemical cell 3 as an anion exchange membrane, with a sodium carbonate solution being used as the draw solution.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the draw solution circuit 6 has a first sub-circuit 6a on the cathode side, which circulates the draw solution between the cathode-side gas separator 5 and the osmosis cell 2, and a second sub-circuit 6b, which circulates the draw solution between the cathode-side gas separator 5 and the electrochemical cell 3 circulates.
  • This has the advantage that the operation of the osmosis cell 2 and the electrochemical cell 3 can be controlled or regulated separately from one another, which allows greater freedom in terms of control or regulation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a device 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 1 serves to convert the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizing agent into electrical energy.
  • the main components of the device 1 include an osmosis cell 2, an electrochemical cell 3 and an anode-side gas separator 4, which are integrated into a draw solution circuit 6, with the gas separator 4 also serving as a draw solution reservoir.
  • the osmosis cell 2 is designed here as a forward osmosis cell and comprises a semipermeable membrane 7, more precisely a forward osmosis membrane, a feed solution inlet 8, a feed solution outlet 9, a train solution inlet 10 and a train solution outlet 11.
  • the membrane 7 is designed in such a way that it is permeable to water but is impermeable to other dissolved or undissolved substances contained in the food solution.
  • the electrochemical cell 3 is presently a direct fuel cell, more precisely a direct methanol fuel cell with an anode 12, a cathode 13, a membrane 14, an anode-side fuel inlet 25, an anode-side fuel outlet 26, a cathode-side oxidant inlet 27 and a cathode-side oxidant outlet 28.
  • the gas separator 4 comprises a liquid inlet 19, a liquid outlet 20, a product gas outlet 21 and a fuel inlet 29.
  • the liquid outlet 20 of the gas separator 4 is connected to the solution inlet 10 of the osmosis cell 2, the solution outlet 11 of the osmosis cell 2 to the anode-side fuel inlet 25 of the electrochemical cell 3 and the anode-side fuel outlet 26 in turn to the liquid inlet 19 of the gas separator 4.
  • a bypass line 22 is also provided, which branches off from the draw solution inlet 10 and opens into the draw solution outlet 11, so that the draw solution can be routed from the liquid outlet 20 of the gas separator 4 past the osmosis cell 2 to the anode-side fuel inlet 25 of the electrochemical cell 3.
  • the train solution is a methanol-water mixture.
  • the feed solution is provided, for example, as sea water.
  • the draw solution serves as fuel for the electrochemical cell 3, and ambient air as the oxidizing agent.
  • the feed solution is fed to the osmosis cell 2 via its feed solution inlet 8 and the feed solution is fed via its feed solution inlet 10.
  • the draw solution draws water through the membrane 7 of the osmosis cell 2. In this way, the feed solution is concentrated and the draw solution is diluted.
  • the concentrated feed solution leaves the osmosis cell 2 via the feed solution outlet 9, while the diluted feed solution is introduced as fuel into the electrochemical cell 3 via the feed solution outlet 11 of the osmosis cell 2 and the anode-side fuel inlet 25.
  • the oxidizing agent is supplied to the electrochemical cell 3 via the cathode-side oxidizing agent inlet 27 .
  • the chemical reaction energy of the draw solution or the fuel on the one hand and of the oxidizing agent on the other hand is converted into electrical energy in a known manner.
  • the cathode-side reaction product leaves the electrochemical cell 3 via the cathode-side oxidant outlet 28.
  • the product gas is discharged there via the product gas outlet 21 .
  • methanol is supplied to the draw solution via the fuel inlet 29 .
  • a Control device 23 is provided, which in particular controls pumps and valves, not shown in detail here.
  • the drawing solution circuit 6 can also have at least one sensor 24, shown only as an example in FIG. 3, which in particular measures the density and/or the ionic conductivity of the train solution.
  • the control device 23 is set up in such a way that it measures the volume flow of the draw solution fed to the osmosis cell 2 and/or the electrochemical cell 3 and/or the volume flow of the feed solution fed to the at least one osmosis cell and/or the volume flow of the gas separator 4 contained draw solution supplied methanol based on transmitted by the at least one sensor 24 sensor data regulates.
  • the volume flows of the feed solution and the feed solution fed to the osmosis are preferably regulated in such a way that the amount of water withdrawn from the feed solution in the electrochemical cell 3 corresponds at least in the medium term to the amount of water fed into the osmosis cell 2 or vice versa.
  • seawater a waste water stream that needs to be concentrated, for example for environmental reasons, or another liquid to be concentrated can be used as the feed solution and concentrated in the forward osmosis.
  • the osmosis cell 2 can also be designed to carry out a PEO process or PRO process or reverse osmosis process.
  • a further variant consists in designing the electrochemical cell 3 as a direct ammonia fuel cell, in which case the drawing solution then has to be adapted accordingly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'osmose dans lequel l'eau provenant d'une solution d'alimentation passe à travers une membrane semi-perméable (7) d'au moins une cellule d'osmose (2) dans une solution d'extraction, caractérisé en ce que, après avoir été diluée dans l'au moins une cellule d'osmose (2), la solution d'extraction est utilisée pour faire fonctionner au moins une cellule électrochimique (3), dans laquelle de l'eau est extraite de la solution d'extraction, et en ce que la solution d'extraction, concentrée après avoir quitté la cellule électrochimique (3), est alimentée à nouveau à l'au moins une cellule d'osmose (2) en tant que solution d'extraction après avoir quitté la cellule électrochimique (3). L'invention concerne également un dispositif (1) pour mettre en œuvre le procédé.
PCT/EP2022/052015 2021-03-22 2022-01-28 Procédé d'osmose et dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un tel procédé WO2022199909A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021107047.3A DE102021107047A1 (de) 2021-03-22 2021-03-22 Osmoseverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens
DE102021107047.3 2021-03-22

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WO2022199909A1 true WO2022199909A1 (fr) 2022-09-29

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005033821A1 (de) * 2005-07-11 2007-01-18 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Direktoxidations-Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zur Steuerung/Regelung des Wasserhaushalts eines Direktoxidations-Brennstoffzellensystems
EP2939729A1 (fr) * 2012-12-31 2015-11-04 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Système composite d'eau fraîche de type osmose directe
US20170129796A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-11 Nrgtek, Inc. Hybrid Systems and Methods with Forward Osmosis and Electrodeionization Using High-Conductivity Membranes
US20180128250A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 Nrgtek, Inc. Combined Electrical and Thermal Renewable/Conventional Energy Storage and On-Demand Hydro-Osmotic Power Generation Methods and Systems
US20190323132A1 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Energetically, PBC. Method for generating clean water, hydrogen, and oxygen from contaminated effluent
US20200147553A1 (en) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Patrick Ismail James Method for electrochemical separation and regeneration of forward osmosis draw solution
WO2021130261A1 (fr) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01 Vito Nv Procédé de génération d'hydrogène et d'oxygène à partir d'un courant d'alimentation liquide comprenant de l'eau, et dispositif associé

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11185823B2 (en) 2018-11-26 2021-11-30 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Electrodialytic system used to remove solvent from fluid and non-fluid flows

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005033821A1 (de) * 2005-07-11 2007-01-18 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Direktoxidations-Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zur Steuerung/Regelung des Wasserhaushalts eines Direktoxidations-Brennstoffzellensystems
EP2939729A1 (fr) * 2012-12-31 2015-11-04 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Système composite d'eau fraîche de type osmose directe
US20170129796A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-11 Nrgtek, Inc. Hybrid Systems and Methods with Forward Osmosis and Electrodeionization Using High-Conductivity Membranes
US20180128250A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 Nrgtek, Inc. Combined Electrical and Thermal Renewable/Conventional Energy Storage and On-Demand Hydro-Osmotic Power Generation Methods and Systems
US20190323132A1 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Energetically, PBC. Method for generating clean water, hydrogen, and oxygen from contaminated effluent
US20200147553A1 (en) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Patrick Ismail James Method for electrochemical separation and regeneration of forward osmosis draw solution
WO2021130261A1 (fr) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-01 Vito Nv Procédé de génération d'hydrogène et d'oxygène à partir d'un courant d'alimentation liquide comprenant de l'eau, et dispositif associé

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