WO2022196326A1 - 光カチオン硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
光カチオン硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022196326A1 WO2022196326A1 PCT/JP2022/008296 JP2022008296W WO2022196326A1 WO 2022196326 A1 WO2022196326 A1 WO 2022196326A1 JP 2022008296 W JP2022008296 W JP 2022008296W WO 2022196326 A1 WO2022196326 A1 WO 2022196326A1
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- polymerizable monomer
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- RRXMSCIBDRKLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-[4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2,3-dipropoxyphenyl]propan-2-yl]-2,3-dipropoxyphenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC1=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C(=C(OCCC)C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=2)OCCC)=C1OCCC RRXMSCIBDRKLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUJYRWXNUFEUHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-[4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-propan-2-yloxyphenyl]propan-2-yl]-3-propan-2-yloxyphenyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(OC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C1OC(C)C NUJYRWXNUFEUHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032900 absorption of visible light Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFPRJLBZLPBTPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C2=O)=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 AFPRJLBZLPBTPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000999 acridine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-BDNRQGISSA-N alpha-Pinene epoxide Natural products C([C@@H]1O[C@@]11C)[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-BDNRQGISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXSFECAJUBPPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terthienyl Natural products C1=CSC(C=2SC(=CC=2)C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 KXSFECAJUBPPFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006723 alpha-pinene oxide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001448 anilines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045720 antineoplastic alkylating drug epoxides Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWPUSWNISCYUNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-nitrophenyl)iodanium Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([I+]C=2C=C(C=CC=2)[N+]([O-])=O)=C1 MWPUSWNISCYUNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRMFGEKERJAYSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-chlorophenyl)iodanium Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1[I+]C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QRMFGEKERJAYSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSXJIDHYEFYSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-dodecylphenyl)iodanium Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1[I+]C1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCCCCC)C=C1 YSXJIDHYEFYSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWBJZABVMXQFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-methoxyphenyl)iodanium Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1[I+]C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 DWBJZABVMXQFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNFSNYQTQMVTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)iodanium Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1[I+]C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 DNFSNYQTQMVTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXBGKJAQBJBRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) pentanedioate Chemical compound C1OC1COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OCC1CO1 BXBGKJAQBJBRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002362 bornane-2,3-dione group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIZLQMLDSWKZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium helium Chemical compound [He].[Cd] UIZLQMLDSWKZGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Chemical compound C1CCCC2OC21 ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Natural products O=C1CCCC=C1 FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKGXKPRVOZNVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylcyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 GKGXKPRVOZNVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSSYNNOILRNWCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfanium Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LSSYNNOILRNWCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWZDULOODZHVCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl-(4-phenylsulfanylphenyl)sulfanium Chemical compound C=1C=C([S+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 OWZDULOODZHVCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZLBDYMWFAHSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyliodanium Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[I+]C1=CC=CC=C1 OZLBDYMWFAHSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGWBXRXNERKBSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithieno[2,3-a:2',3'-d]thiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC2=C1SC1=C2SC=C1 VGWBXRXNERKBSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005237 etoglucid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930184652 p-Terphenyl Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)=O TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C1=CC=CC=C1 PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrylium Chemical class C1=CC=[O+]C=C1 WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001016 thiazine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsulfonium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012953 triphenylsulfonium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/16—Refractive index
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/17—Particle size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/62—Photochemical radical initiators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/891—Compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/3254—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen
- C08G59/3281—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
- C08G59/687—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/06—Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
- C08G65/08—Saturated oxiranes
- C08G65/10—Saturated oxiranes characterised by the catalysts used
- C08G65/105—Onium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/06—Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
- C08G65/16—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms
- C08G65/18—Oxetanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photo-cationically curable composition. More particularly, it relates to a composition that rapidly photocures and is excellent in color tone stability and storage stability.
- photocurable resin compositions have been widely used for adhesion of electrical and electronic parts, paints, and the like.
- a photocurable resin composition cures more quickly than heat-curable adhesives, does not cause thermal damage to adherends because it does not require heating, and does not harden unless exposed to light. It has many advantages, such as the setting of working time up to curing is arbitrary, and there is no volatilization of solvent or the like during curing.
- Photo-curable resin compositions are broadly classified into radical polymerization type and cationic polymerization type, but mainly radical polymerization type using a (meth)acrylic polymerizable compound with good curability. has been developed and used in
- the photocurable resin composition is also used for dental applications.
- examples include light-curable filling and restorative materials called composite resins used to restore teeth damaged by caries, fractures, etc., denture base lining materials, and hybrid ceramics for crown restoration. It is widely used due to its ease of operation.
- Such photocurable dental materials usually consist of a polymerizable monomer and a polymerization initiator, and composite resins and hybrid ceramics contain fillers.
- a (meth)acrylate radically polymerizable monomer is used because of its good photopolymerizability.
- (meth)acrylate-based radically polymerizable monomers have a problem of large polymerization shrinkage. That is, when a filling restorative material such as a composite resin is filled into a tooth cavity requiring restoration and then polymerized and cured, the surface of the filled restorative material is irradiated with light, but shrinkage due to polymerization occurs. As a result, a stress is exerted that tends to detach from the interface of the tooth, which tends to create a gap between the tooth and the filling restorative material. Therefore, there has been a demand for a curable composition which has as little polymerization shrinkage as possible and is less likely to cause gaps during curing.
- Polymerizable monomers with small polymerization shrinkage include cationic polymerizable monomers such as epoxides and vinyl ethers.
- photoradical polymerization initiators such as ⁇ -diketone compounds and acylphosphine oxide compounds, which are generally used for dental purposes, cannot polymerize cationically polymerizable monomers, so a photocationic polymerization initiator is necessary. becomes.
- Such a photocationic polymerization initiator generally consists of a photoacid generator and a photosensitizer.
- Onium salt compounds such as iodonium salts, sulfonium salts and pyridinium salts are generally used as the photoacid generator.
- Ketone compounds especially ⁇ -diketone compounds
- coumarin dye compounds are used as photosensitizers.
- a photocationic polymerization initiator comprising an iodonium salt compound and an ⁇ -dicarbonyl compound to dental applications (see Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 a mechanism has been proposed in which the aromatic amines donate electrons to camphorquinone, which is a photosensitizer, to become radical cations and release hydrogen ions.
- Non-Patent Document 2 In the case of anthracene compounds, after the anthracene compound becomes a radical cation by donating electrons to the iodonium cation, which is a photoacid generator, it becomes a cation through bonding with another radical species, and then releases a hydrogen ion. A mechanism has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 2).
- aromatic amines form the skeleton of aniline dyes
- anthracene oxidants form the skeleton of anthraquinone dyes
- aromatic amines and anthracene compounds may exhibit strong coloration under oxidizing conditions. Therefore, a photocationic polymerization initiator system using an aromatic amine or an anthracene compound is considered to have a high risk of coloration, and the present inventors have confirmed that coloration actually occurs.
- the photo-cationically curable composition is used for dental purposes, it is necessary to suppress coloration. In general, when a dental material is used for restorative treatment, it is desired that the treated area is inconspicuous, and therefore, the dental material is required to exhibit a color close to that of natural teeth after hardening and to maintain that color.
- the addition of aromatic amines and anthracene compounds as electron-donating compounds is effective in terms of improving the curing speed of the photo-cationically curable composition.
- the photo-cationically curable composition to which an aromatic amine or anthracene compound was added turned yellow when cured.
- the coloring gradually faded with the lapse of time.
- the composition when an anthracene compound was used, the composition sometimes gelled earlier than when it was not added. The cause is unknown, but it is believed that the anthracene compound accelerates the decomposition of the acid generator and accelerates the progress of cationic polymerization during storage. Since the anthracene compound can react with oxygen in the air, it is possible that it promoted the generation of radical species and accelerated the decomposition reaction of the acid generator. Since it is desired that the photo cationic curable composition maintains its properties until it is irradiated with light, promotion of gelation should be avoided.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a photo-cationically curable composition that cures rapidly at room temperature, has high color tone stability of the cured product, and is resistant to gelation during storage.
- a photo-cationically curable composition that can be rapidly cured at room temperature, has high color tone stability of the cured product, and has the property of being relatively resistant to gelation. It found out that it becomes and came to complete this invention.
- the first embodiment of the present invention is characterized by containing (a) a cationic polymerizable monomer, (b) a photoacid generator, (c) a photosensitizer, and (d) a thiophene compound. It is a photo cationic curable composition.
- the content of the electron-donating compound comprising an anthracene compound and/or an aromatic amine compound is ( d) Thiophene compound: preferably 0.2 parts by mass or less per 1 part by mass.
- the thiophene compound (d) is preferably a compound having one or more ⁇ -conjugated substituents on the thiophene skeleton, in which case the ⁇ -conjugated substituents are one or more benzene rings or thiophenes. A ring is more preferred. Furthermore, it is particularly preferable that the (d) thiophene compound is a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2).
- R 1 to R 11 in the above formulas (1) and (2) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, or a thienyl group, and R 3 and R 4 and R 3 and R 9 may combine with each other to form a ring.
- the (a) cationic polymerizable monomer contains at least one compound selected from an epoxy compound and an oxetane compound
- the (b) photoacid generator is an iodonium salt
- the (c) photosensitizer It is preferred that the sensitizing agent is camphorquinone, it is also preferred that it further contains a phenolic antioxidant, and it is also preferred that it further contains a filler. Furthermore, it is preferable that 10 to 70 parts by mass of the radically polymerizable monomer is included with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cationically polymerizable monomer.
- the filler has (f 1 ) an average primary particle diameter in the range of 230 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and in the number-based particle size distribution, the total number of particles present in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter.
- the refractive index nF a of the (f 1 ) inorganic spherical filler at 25° C. is the refractive index nF a of the (a) cationic polymerizable monomer polymer at 25° C. It is preferably greater than the ratio nP.
- the difference between the refractive index nF a of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) at 25° C. and the refractive index nP of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) at 25° C. is 0.001 or more. preferable.
- the filler includes (cf) an organic-inorganic composite filler, and the (cf) organic-inorganic composite filler includes (m) an organic resin matrix and (f 2 ) an average primary particle size within the range of 230 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
- the proportion of particles existing in a range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter to the total number of particles is 90% or more
- the refractive index nFb of the filler at 25°C is preferably larger than the refractive index nM of the (m) organic resin matrix at 25°C. It is preferable that the difference between the refractive index nFb at 25° C. of the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler and the refractive index nM at 25° C. of the (m) organic resin matrix is 0.001 or more.
- the refractive index nFb of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) at 25°C is preferably larger than the refractive index nP of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) at 25°C.
- the difference between the refractive index nF b of (f 2 ) the inorganic spherical filler at 25° C. and the refractive index nP of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) at 25° C. is 0.001 or more. is preferred.
- the second aspect of the present invention is a dental curable composition (hereinafter also referred to as "dental curable composition of the present invention") comprising the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention.
- the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention not only has the features of a photo-cationically curable composition containing a cationic polymerizable monomer having a feature of small polymerization shrinkage and a photocationic polymerization initiator, but also has electron-donating properties.
- a thiophene compound as a compound, rapid curing at room temperature is possible, and the cured product has properties of high color tone stability and relative resistance to gelation.
- a radically polymerizable monomer within a certain range in the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention, it is possible to improve the adhesive strength when bonding is performed using an existing bonding material. can also
- the dental curable composition of the present invention has significantly reduced polymerization shrinkage compared to compositions of radically polymerizable monomers used in general dental materials, and has rapid curing properties and color tone. It has properties such as stability. Therefore, it can be said that it is particularly suitable for use as a dental restorative material such as a composite resin.
- the photocationically curable composition of the present invention contains (a) a cationic polymerizable monomer, and (b) a photoacid generator and (c) a photocationic polymerization initiator containing a photosensitizer, It is the same as the conventional photo-cationically curable composition in that it exhibits the effect of reducing the
- the photocationically curable composition of the present invention has the greatest feature in that it contains (d) a thiophene compound as an essential component, which makes it possible to rapidly cure at room temperature, but it is difficult to gel. Furthermore, it has the feature that the color tone stability of the cured product is high.
- a thiophene compound functions as an electron-donating compound like an aromatic amine or anthracene compound, thereby highly activating a photocationic polymerization initiator. It is presumed that this is due to the fact that it is difficult to retain
- thiophene is often used in the skeleton of p-type organic semiconductor materials, and is known to have a high ⁇ -conjugation effect and high electron-donating properties. Therefore, when a thiophene compound is added to a photocationic polymerization initiator, it is considered that an electron-donating reaction similar to that of an aromatic amine or anthracene compound occurs upon irradiation with light, generating a corresponding cation radical.
- a reaction mechanism has been proposed in which a new bond is formed while releasing an acid via a cation radical generated by electron transfer. is thought to proceed and release an acid.
- Cation radicals generated from aromatic amines and anthracene compounds are known to be relatively stable.
- a phenomenon was observed in which the cured body showed yellow coloring immediately after light irradiation, and the color gradually faded. and part of the active species derived therefrom remained for a certain period of time. That is, it is considered that the remaining active species strongly colored immediately after light irradiation, and the colored active species changed to a colorless or slightly colored stable compound with the lapse of time, resulting in fading.
- active species such as cation radicals are often colored by absorption of visible light.
- the main feature of the photocationically curable composition of the present invention is that it contains (d) a thiophene compound as an essential component.
- a thiophene compound as an essential component.
- the (a) cationic polymerizable monomer which is a polymerizable component, is a compound polymerized by an acid generated by decomposition of the photoacid generator.
- photocationically curable compositions such as epoxy compounds, oxetane compounds, cyclic ether compounds, vinyl ether compounds, bicyclic orthoester compounds, cyclic acetal compounds, bicyclic acetal compounds, and cyclic carbonate compounds.
- Epoxy compounds and/or oxetane compounds are preferably used from the viewpoints of easy availability, small volume shrinkage, and rapid polymerization reaction.
- epoxy compounds that can be preferably used include 1,2-epoxypropane, methyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexene oxide, exo-2,3-epoxynorbornene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene-1,2-epoxide.
- limonene oxide ⁇ -pinene oxide, styrene oxide, (2,3-epoxypropyl)benzene, those having one epoxy functional group such as phenyl glycidyl ether; 1,3-butadiene dioxide, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, triethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, diglycidyl glutarate, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide, limonene diepoxide, methylbis[2-(7-oxabicyclo Compounds having two epoxy functional groups such as [4.1.0]hept-3-yl)ethyl]phenylsilane; glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol triglycidyl
- Epoxy compounds also include compounds with cyclic siloxane and silsesquioxane structures, such as the compounds shown below, which have epoxy functional groups.
- the bond marked with *1 indicates that it is bonded to the O atom of the adjacent repeating structural unit
- the bond marked with *2 A hand indicates a bond with the Si atom of the adjacent repeating unit.
- those having two or more epoxy functional groups in one molecule are particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the resulting cured product.
- oxetane compounds that can be preferably used include trimethylene oxide, 3-methyl-3-oxetanylmethanol, 3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethanol, 3-ethyl-3-phenoxymethyloxetane, 3, Compounds having one oxetane ring such as 3-diethyloxetane, 3-ethyl-3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)oxetane; 1,4-bis(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyloxy)benzene, 4,4' -bis(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyloxy)biphenyl, 4,4'-bis(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyloxymethyl)biphenyl, ethylene glycol bis(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl)ether, Diethylene glycol bis(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl)ether and
- the bond marked with *1 in the structural formula on the left side of the bottom row indicates that it is bonded to the O atom of the adjacent repeating structural unit
- the bond marked with *2 is It indicates that it is bonded to the Si atom of the adjacent repeating structural unit.
- those having two or more oxetane rings in one molecule are particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the resulting cured product.
- cationic polymerizable monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a moles of an oxetane compound having a molecular average of a oxetane functional groups and B moles of an epoxy compound having a molecular average of b epoxy functional groups are mixed to form (a x A): (b x Those prepared so that B) is in the range of 90:10 to 10:90 are preferable because they have a high curing speed and are less susceptible to polymerization inhibition due to moisture.
- a compound having a cationically polymerizable functional group and a radically polymerizable functional group in the same molecule can also be used as the cationically polymerizable monomer.
- examples of such compounds include glycidyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-vinyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 6-vinyloxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, 3- ethyl-3-(meth)acryloxymethyloxetane, 3-ethyl-3-(2-(meth)acryloxyethyloxymethyl)oxetane, p-(meth)acryloxymethylstyrene, and the like.
- the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) a plurality of polymerizable monomers can be used in order to adjust the physical properties (mechanical properties and adhesion to tooth substance) of the cured product.
- the refractive index of (a) the cationic polymerizable monomer is in the range of 1.38 to 1.55. It is desirable to set the type and blending ratio of the polymerizable monomers as follows.
- the refractive index of the cationically polymerizable monomer can be set within a range of approximately 1.40 to 1.57.
- a plurality of types of cationic polymerizable monomers (a) are used.
- the refractive index of a mixture of a plurality of types of polymerizable monomers should be within the above range.
- the refractive index of each polymerizable monomer does not necessarily fall within the above range.
- the refractive index is measured using an Abbe refractometer at 25°C.
- the (b) photo-acid generator is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that generates a strong acid when reacted by light irradiation.
- Salt compounds, bismuthonium salt compounds, pyridinium salt compounds, and the like, which are used as photoacid generators in conventional photocationically curable compositions, can be used without particular limitation. It is preferable to use iodonium salt compounds because they are readily available and have high polymerization activity.
- the photoacid generator may be used singly or in combination of two or more as needed.
- photoacid generators that are preferably used include onium salt compounds in which the cation or cation portion and the anion or anion portion are as shown below.
- Diphenyliodonium bis(p-chlorophenyl)iodonium, ditolyliodonium, bis(p-tert-butylphenyl)iodonium, p-isopropylphenyl-p-methylphenyliodonium, bis(m-nitrophenyl)iodonium, p-tert- Butylphenylphenyliodonium, p-methoxyphenylphenyliodonium, bis(p-methoxyphenyl)iodonium, p-octyloxyphenylphenyliodonium, p-phenoxyphenylphenyliodonium, bis(p-dodecylphenyl)iodonium, triphenylsulfonium, tri tolylsulfonium, p-tert-butylphenyldiphenylsulfonium, diphenyl-4
- the amount of the photoacid generator to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount capable of initiating polymerization by light irradiation. In order to achieve both weather resistance and hardness), it is generally sufficient to use 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to It is preferable to use 10 parts by mass.
- the photosensitizer is not particularly limited as long as it absorbs light energy and promotes decomposition of the photoacid generator. , ketone compounds (especially ⁇ -diketone compounds), coumarin dyes, cyanine dyes, merocyanine dyes, thiazine dyes, azine dyes, acridine dyes, xanthene dyes, squarium dyes, pyrylium salt dyes, etc. can do.
- camphorquinone, benzyl, diacetyl, acetylbenzoyl, 2,3-pentadione, 2,3-octadione, 4,4′-dimethoxybenzyl, and 4,4′-oxy are used because they suppress the coloring of the cured product. It is preferred to use ⁇ -diketone compounds such as benzyl, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, acenaphthenequinone, and particularly preferred to use camphorquinone.
- the above-mentioned (c) photosensitizer may be used singly or in combination of two or more as needed.
- the amount of the photosensitizer used varies depending on the other components to be combined and the type of the polymerizable monomer, but usually 0.001 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). Any amount may be used, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass.
- a thiophene compound in the photocationically curable composition of the present invention, can be a known compound without particular limitation as long as it is a compound having a thiophene ring in the molecule.
- a thiophene compound is used as an electron-donating compound, so a compound with high electron-donating properties is desirable. It is known that extension of the ⁇ -conjugated system is effective for enhancing the electron-donating property. Therefore, a compound having a ⁇ -conjugated substituent on the thiophene skeleton can be preferably used.
- Examples of the partial structure constituting the ⁇ -conjugated substituent include a benzene ring and heteroaryl rings such as a thiophene ring, a furan ring, and a pyrrole ring.
- the thiophene compound in the present invention preferably has a ⁇ -conjugated substituent, and it is particularly preferable that the ⁇ -conjugated substituent has one or more benzene rings or thiophene rings.
- the ⁇ -conjugated system composed of thiophene and the above partial structure may be substituted with other substituents such as an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
- Such (d) thiophene compounds include 2-phenylthiophene derivatives, 2,2′-bithiophene derivatives, 2-thienylfuran derivatives, 2-thienylpyrrole derivatives and the like. 2) is preferably used.
- R 1 to R 11 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, or a thienyl group, and R 3 and R 4 and R 3 and R 9 may combine with each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, and alkylthio group are preferably straight or branched alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, alkoxy groups, and alkylthio groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the aryl group and thienyl group may have a substituent such as an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, or a halogen atom such as bromine.
- the ring is preferably cyclopentadiene, thiophene, furan, cyclohexadiene, or benzene.
- Specific examples of the compounds represented by the general formula (1) or (2) include 2,5-diphenylthiophene, 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylthiophene, 2,2′-bithiophene, 5- hexyl-2,2'-bithiophene, 5-octyl-2,2'-bithiophene, 3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-bithiophene, 4,4'-dihexyl-2,2'-bithiophene, 5, 5′-dihexyl-2,2′-bithiophene, 2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophene, 5,5′′-dibromo-2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophene, 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene, dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene and the like.
- the above-mentioned (d) thiophene compound may be used singly or in combination of two or more as needed.
- the amount of the thiophene compound used varies depending on the other components to be combined and the type of the polymerizable monomer, but 0.001 to 10 parts by mass is used with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass.
- the photocationically curable composition of the present invention may contain (d) an electron-donating compound other than the thiophene compound as long as it does not adversely affect the effect.
- the content of the electron-donating compound comprising an anthracene compound and/or an aromatic amine compound is 0.2 parts by mass or less, particularly 0.1 parts by mass, per 1 part by mass of (d) the thiophene compound. It is preferable to make it less than a part, and more preferable not to contain it.
- the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention may contain other compounding components within the range of types and amounts that do not impair the effects of the present invention, depending on the purpose and application. may be included. Hereinafter, such "other components" will be described.
- the cationic photocurable composition of the present invention may contain a phenolic antioxidant as an additive for suppressing decomposition of the photoacid generator.
- phenolic antioxidants can be used without any restrictions. Examples include 4-methoxyphenol, hydroquinone, 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, dibutylhydroxytoluene, 2,4-di-t-butylphenol, 2-t-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol and the like.
- the above-mentioned phenolic antioxidants may be used singly or in combination of two or more as needed.
- the amount of the photosensitizer used varies depending on the other components to be combined and the type of the polymerizable monomer, but usually 0.001 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). Any amount may be used, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass.
- any of organic fillers, inorganic fillers, and organic-inorganic composite fillers blended in dental filling and restorative materials can be blended.
- organic fillers include polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, methyl Methacrylate-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate, crosslinked polyethyl methacrylate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and particles made of organic polymers such as
- inorganic fillers include inorganic particles such as quartz, silica, alumina, silica/titania, silica/zirconia, lanthanum glass, barium glass, and strontium glass.
- organic-inorganic composite fillers include particulate organic-inorganic composite fillers obtained by mixing these inorganic particles and a polymerizable monomer in advance to form a paste, polymerizing the paste, and pulverizing the paste.
- X-ray opacity can be imparted by using an inorganic filler containing a heavy metal such as zirconia.
- the particle size and shape of these fillers are not particularly limited, and spherical or amorphous particles having an average particle size of 0.01 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, which are generally used as dental materials, may be appropriately used depending on the purpose. Just do it. Also, the refractive index of these fillers is not particularly limited, and those in the range of 1.4 to 1.7, which fillers of general dental curable compositions have, can be used without limitation.
- the amount of the above-mentioned filler to be added to the photocationically curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the composition becomes a paste.
- An inorganic filler and/or an organic-inorganic composite filler is employed, and it is preferably 50 to 1500 parts by mass, preferably 70 to 1000 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). .
- these fillers such as inorganic fillers and organic-inorganic composite fillers may be used alone, or may be used in combination of multiple types having different materials, particle sizes, shapes, and the like.
- an inorganic filler as the main component because of its excellent mechanical properties after curing.
- the filler has (f 1 ) an average primary particle diameter within the range of 230 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and in the number-based particle size distribution, the number of particles present in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter with respect to the total number of particles
- An inorganic spherical filler with a proportion of 90% or more may be included.
- (f 1 ) By including the inorganic spherical filler, when the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention is used as a dental curable composition such as a dental filling and restorative material, it has color tone compatibility with natural teeth. A high degree of repair is possible.
- the inorganic spherical filler is composed of a large number of primary particles, and the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter of the large number of primary particles (the numerical value ⁇ 5% of the particle size range), 90% or more of the total number of primary particles are present. Particles present in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle size account for preferably 91% or more, more preferably 93% or more, of the total number of particles.
- the inorganic spherical filler has such a narrow particle size distribution that it emits colored light with structural colors based on light interference, diffraction, refraction, scattering, etc. (hereinafter simply referred to as “interference, scattering, etc.”). can be generated.
- the photocationically curable composition containing (f 1 ) an inorganic spherical filler can improve the color tone compatibility with natural teeth by utilizing the colored light due to the structural color.
- coloring substances such as pigment substances and dye substances which are commonly used.
- the average primary particle size of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) is preferably 230 nm or more and 800 nm or less, more preferably 230 nm or more and 500 nm or less. , 260 nm or more and 350 nm or less.
- the coloring becomes bluish and does not match the color tone of dentin.
- an inorganic spherical filler having an average primary particle size of less than 100 nm is used, structural color hardly occurs.
- the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) has an average primary particle size of 230 nm to 1000 nm, and depending on the average primary particle size, the cured body of the photo-cationically curable composition emits yellow to red colored light.
- the obtained colored light is yellowish, and the tooth surface color tone around the restored tooth is the shade guide "VITAPAN Classic (registered trademark)”. )” is useful for the repair of cavities in the B series (red-yellow) category.
- inorganic spherical fillers with an average particle size of 260 nm to 350 nm When inorganic spherical fillers with an average particle size of 260 nm to 350 nm are used, the resulting colored light is reddish, and the tooth surface color tone around the restored tooth is A in the shade guide "VITAPAN Classic (registered trademark)". It is useful for the restoration of cavities in the category of (reddish brown). Since most of the dentin has a reddish hue, the embodiment using inorganic spherical fillers with an average particle size of 260 nm to 350 nm is preferable because it is widely compatible with restoration teeth of various color tones.
- the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) has an average primary particle size within the above range, and the individual primary particles may exist as agglomerated particles to some extent as long as the particles satisfy this requirement. .
- the particles are present as independent particles as much as possible, and specifically, aggregated particles of 10 ⁇ m or more are preferably less than 10% by volume.
- the average primary particle size of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) and the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ), which will be described later, is determined by taking a photograph of the powder with a scanning electron microscope and observing it within the unit field of view of the photograph. The number of all particles (30 or more) and the primary particle diameter (maximum diameter) of all particles are measured, and the average value calculated by the following formula based on the obtained measured values is used.
- the ratio (%) of particles existing in a range of 5% before and after the average primary particle size to the total number of particles (%) is within the unit field of view of the above photograph.
- the number of particles having a primary particle diameter (maximum diameter) outside the particle diameter range of ⁇ 5% of the average primary particle diameter obtained above is measured, and the value is By subtracting from the number of particles, the number of particles within the range of average particle diameter ⁇ 5% in the unit field of view of the photograph is obtained, and the number is calculated by the following formula.
- Percentage (%) of particles existing in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle size to the total number of particles [(Present in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle size in the unit field of the scanning electron micrograph number of particles) / (total number of particles in a unit field of scanning electron micrograph)] ⁇ 100 can be calculated according to The ratio (%) of the particles existing in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) to the total number of particles (f 2 ) is also calculated in the same manner as for the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ). can do.
- the spherical shape of the inorganic spherical filler may be substantially spherical, and does not necessarily have to be a perfect sphere.
- a photograph of particles is taken with a scanning electron microscope, and for each particle (30 or more) within the unit field of view, the particle diameter in the direction perpendicular to the maximum diameter is divided by the maximum diameter.
- the average degree of symmetry obtained by averaging them should be 0.6 or more, more preferably 0.8 or more.
- the upper limit of the average degree of uniformity is 1 because it includes the case of a perfect spherical shape.
- the average degree of uniformity can be determined by the method described in Examples.
- inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) As the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ), as long as the requirements for the average primary particle size and particle size distribution are satisfied, those used as components of general curable compositions in the dental field can be used without limitation.
- inorganic materials such as amorphous silica, silica-titanium oxide-based composite oxide particles (silica-zirconia, silica-titania, etc.), quartz, alumina, barium glass, zirconia, titania, lanthanoids, colloidal silica, etc. powder.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles are preferable because the refractive index can be easily adjusted.
- Silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles are composite oxides of silica and titanium group (group IV element of the periodic table) oxide, and are silica-titania, silica-zirconia, silica-titania-zirconia. etc.
- silica-zirconia is preferable because it allows adjustment of the refractive index of the filler and also imparts high X-ray opacity.
- the compound ratio is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient X-ray opacity and setting the refractive index in a suitable range described later, the content of silica is 70 to 95 mol%, and the titanium group It is preferable that the oxide content is 5 to 30 mol %. In the case of silica/zirconia, the refractive index can be freely changed by changing each compound ratio in this manner.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles may be combined with metal oxides other than silica and titanium group oxides as long as they are in small amounts.
- alkali metal oxides such as sodium oxide and lithium oxide may be contained within 10 mol %.
- the method for producing such silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain the specific inorganic spherical filler of the present invention, A so-called sol-gel method, in which a mixed solution containing a titanium group metal compound is added to an alkaline solvent and hydrolyzed to precipitate a reaction product, is preferably employed.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles may be surface-treated with a silane coupling agent.
- Surface treatment with a silane coupling agent provides excellent interfacial strength between the polymerizable monomer component and the polymer portion.
- Typical silane coupling agents include organosilicon compounds such as ⁇ -methacryloyloxyalkyltrimethoxysilane and hexamethyldisilazane.
- the surface treatment amount of these silane coupling agents is not particularly limited, and the optimum value may be determined after confirming the mechanical properties of the resulting photo-cationically curable composition by experiments in advance. Then, it is in the range of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of particles.
- the refractive index nF a of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) at 25° C. is preferably larger than the refractive index nP of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) at 25° C. This makes it easier to develop good color matching with natural teeth.
- the difference between the refractive index nF a (25° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler and the refractive index nP (25° C.) of the polymer of (a) the cationic polymerizable monomer is 0.001 or more. is preferred, 0.002 or more is more preferred, and 0.005 or more is most preferred.
- the refractive index nF a (25 ° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler and (a) the cationic polymerizable monomer is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less.
- the refractive index nF a of (f 1 ) inorganic spherical filler at 25° C. is , (m) preferably larger than the refractive index nM at 25° C. of the organic resin matrix.
- the difference between the refractive index nF a (25° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler at 25° C. and the refractive index nM (25° C.) of the (m) organic resin matrix at 25° C. is 0.001 or more.
- nF a 25° C.
- nF a 25° C.
- nF a 25° C.
- nM 25° C.
- the content of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) in the present invention is preferably 50 to 1500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a).
- the amount of the inorganic spherical filler (f 1 ) to be blended is preferably 70 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 1300 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). It is preferably 150 to 1000 parts by mass.
- the silica-based filler particularly the silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide, has a refractive index in the range of about 1.45 to 1.58 depending on the silica content. . That is, (a) the refractive index of the cationically polymerizable monomer is set within the above-described range (1.38 to 1.55) to provide the desired refractive index (f 1 ) inorganic spherical filler can be easily selected. That is, it is preferable to use a silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide (for example, silica-titania or silica-zirconia) containing an appropriate amount of silica.
- a silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide for example, silica-titania or silica-zirconia
- the filler preferably contains (cf) an organic-inorganic composite filler.
- the (cf) organic-inorganic composite filler contains (m) an organic resin matrix and (f 2 ) an inorganic spherical filler.
- the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler is contained, and the (m) organic resin matrix covers the surface of the primary particles constituting the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler.
- an organic-inorganic composite filler for example, compared with the case of using a fine inorganic spherical filler alone, it is possible to suppress the thickening of the paste-like photo-cationically curable composition, and the photo-cationically curable composition. There are advantages such as reduced stickiness of the cured product and reduced polymerization shrinkage.
- the (cf) organic-inorganic composite filler contained in the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention contains the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler described later, restoration with high color tone compatibility with natural teeth can be achieved. It can be carried out.
- the (cf) organic-inorganic composite filler of the present invention contains (f 2 ) an inorganic spherical filler, and the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler has an average primary particle diameter in the range of 230 nm or more and 1000 nm or less,
- the inorganic spherical filler is such that, in a number-based particle size distribution, particles present in a range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter account for 90% or more of the total number of particles.
- the inorganic spherical filler is composed of a large number of primary particles, and the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle diameter of the large number of primary particles (the numerical value ⁇ 5% of the particle size range), 90% or more of the total number of primary particles are present. Particles present in the range of 5% before and after the average primary particle size account for preferably 91% or more, more preferably 93% or more, of the total number of particles.
- the inorganic spherical filler has such a narrow particle size distribution that it can produce colored light with structural color based on light interference, scattering, and the like. Such color development by structural color utilizing interference, scattering, etc.
- the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention can improve the color tone compatibility with natural teeth by utilizing the colored light due to the structural color. There is an advantage that it is not necessary to use a coloring substance such as a dye substance.
- the cured product of the photo-cationically curable composition has a yellow to red colored light according to its average primary particle size. is expressed.
- the average primary particle size of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) is preferably 230 nm or more and 800 nm or less, more preferably 230 nm or more and 500 nm or less. , 260 nm or more and 350 nm or less.
- an inorganic spherical filler having an average primary particle diameter of less than 230 nm When an inorganic spherical filler having an average primary particle diameter of less than 230 nm is used, the coloring becomes bluish and does not match the color tone of dentin. In addition, when an inorganic spherical filler having an average primary particle size of less than 100 nm is used, structural color hardly occurs. On the other hand, when spherical fillers having an average primary particle diameter of more than 1000 nm are used, light interference and scattering can be expected, but sedimentation of the inorganic spherical fillers and a decrease in polishability occur. Not good as a material.
- the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) has an average primary particle size of 230 nm to 1000 nm, and depending on the average primary particle size, the cured product of the photocationically curable composition emits yellow to red colored light.
- the obtained colored light is yellowish, and the tooth surface color tone around the restored tooth is the shade guide "VITAPAN Classic (registered trademark)”. )” is useful for the repair of cavities in the B series (red-yellow) category.
- the resulting colored light is reddish, and the tooth surface color tone around the restored tooth is the shade guide "VITAPAN Classic (registered trademark). It is useful for repairing cavities in the category A (reddish-brown) in Since most of the dentin has a reddish hue, the embodiment using inorganic spherical fillers with an average particle size of 260 nm to 350 nm is preferable because it is widely compatible with restoration teeth of various color tones.
- the average particle size of the (f 1 ) inorganic spherical filler and the average particle size of the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler contained in the organic-inorganic composite filler are preferably relatively close to each other. is preferably 0 to 100 nm, more preferably 0 to 50 nm, even more preferably 0 to 30 nm.
- inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) As the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ), as long as the requirements for the average primary particle size and particle size distribution are satisfied, those commonly used as components of curable compositions in the dental field can be used without limitation.
- inorganic materials such as amorphous silica, silica-titanium oxide-based composite oxide particles (silica-zirconia, silica-titania, etc.), quartz, alumina, barium glass, zirconia, titania, lanthanoids, colloidal silica, etc. powder.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles are preferable because the refractive index can be easily adjusted.
- Silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles are composite oxides of silica and titanium group (group IV element of the periodic table) oxide, and are silica-titania, silica-zirconia, silica-titania-zirconia. etc.
- silica-zirconia is preferable because it allows adjustment of the refractive index of the filler and also imparts high X-ray opacity.
- the compound ratio is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of imparting sufficient X-ray opacity and setting the refractive index in a suitable range described later, the content of silica is 70 to 95 mol%, and the titanium group It is preferable that the oxide content is 5 to 30 mol %. In the case of silica/zirconia, the refractive index can be freely changed by changing each compound ratio in this manner.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles may be combined with metal oxides other than silica and titanium group oxides as long as they are in small amounts.
- alkali metal oxides such as sodium oxide and lithium oxide may be contained within 10 mol %.
- the method for producing such silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain the specific inorganic spherical filler of the present invention, A so-called sol-gel method, in which a mixed solution containing a titanium group metal compound is added to an alkaline solvent and hydrolyzed to precipitate a reaction product, is preferably employed.
- silica/titanium group oxide-based composite oxide particles may be surface-treated with a silane coupling agent.
- Surface treatment with a silane coupling agent provides excellent interfacial strength between the polymerizable monomer component and the polymer portion.
- Typical silane coupling agents include organosilicon compounds such as ⁇ -methacryloyloxyalkyltrimethoxysilane and hexamethyldisilazane.
- the surface treatment amount of these silane coupling agents is not particularly limited, and the optimum value may be determined after confirming the mechanical properties of the resulting photo-cationically curable composition by experiments in advance. Then, it is in the range of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of particles.
- the refractive index nFb of ( f2) the inorganic spherical filler at 25°C is preferably larger than the refractive index nM of the (m) organic resin matrix at 25°C. This makes it easier to develop good color matching with natural teeth.
- the difference between the refractive index nF b (25° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler and the refractive index nM (m) of the organic resin matrix (m) is preferably 0.001 or more, preferably 0.002. It is more preferably 0.005 or more, and most preferably 0.005 or more.
- the difference from (25° C.) is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less.
- the refractive index nF b (25°C) of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) is preferably larger than the refractive index nP at 25°C of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). This makes it easier to develop good color matching with natural teeth.
- the difference between the refractive index nF b (25° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler and the refractive index nP (25° C.) of the polymer of (a) the cationic polymerizable monomer is 0.001 or more. is preferred, 0.002 or more is more preferred, and 0.005 or more is most preferred.
- the difference between the refractive index nF b (25° C.) of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) and the refractive index nP (25° C.) of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) is preferably 0.1. 0.05 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less.
- the content of the inorganic spherical filler (f 2 ) in the organic-inorganic composite filler (cf) is preferably 30 to 95% by mass.
- the content of (f 2 ) the inorganic spherical filler is 30% by mass or more, the cured body of the photo-cationically curable composition can exhibit a good colored light and can sufficiently increase the mechanical strength. .
- the content of the (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler in the (cf) organic-inorganic composite filler is more preferably 40 to 90% by mass.
- the silica-based filler particularly the silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide, has a refractive index in the range of about 1.45 to 1.58 depending on the silica content. . (f 2 )
- the refractive index of the inorganic spherical filler is set to about 1.45 to 1.58, the difference between the refractive index of (m) the organic resin matrix and the refractive index of (a) the cationic polymerizable monomer is It becomes easier to adjust to the desired range of the present invention. That is, it is preferable to use a silica-titanium group oxide-based composite oxide (for example, silica-titania or silica-zirconia) containing an appropriate amount of silica.
- the organic resin matrix is not particularly limited, but is preferably a polymer of a polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ) containing at least one selected from radically polymerizable monomers and cationic polymerizable monomers. That is, the (m) organic resin matrix may be formed from a polymer of a radically polymerizable monomer, may be formed from a polymer of a cationically polymerizable monomer, or may be formed from a polymer of a radically polymerizable monomer. It may be formed from polymers of both monomers and cationically polymerizable monomers.
- the polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ) preferably contains a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer having two or more polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer increases the polymerizability and improves the mechanical properties of the formed organic-inorganic composite filler.
- polyfunctional polymerizable monomers include radically polymerizable monomers having two or more radically polymerizable functional groups, cationically polymerizable monomers having two or more cationically polymerizable functional groups, and the like.
- (Radical polymerizable monomer) As the radically polymerizable monomer contained in the polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ) forming the organic resin matrix, a monomer having a radically polymerizable functional group such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, or a (meth)acrylate group is used. Although there is no particular limitation, a radically polymerizable monomer having a (meth)acrylate group is preferred.
- (meth)acrylate refers to an acrylate group or methacrylate.
- the polymerizable monomer having a (meth)acrylate group includes (I) a monofunctional polymerizable monomer having one radically polymerizable group, and (II) a polyfunctional polymer having two or more radically polymerizable functional groups. and a sexual monomer.
- (II) As the polyfunctional polymerizable monomer (II-a) a bifunctional polymerizable monomer, (II-b) a trifunctional polymerizable monomer, (II-c) a tetrafunctional polymerizable monomer body, etc. Specific examples are shown below.
- ⁇ (I) Monofunctional Polymerizable Monomer > methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-lauryl (meth) acrylate, n-stearyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) Acrylate, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, methoxyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethoxyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxytriethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethylene glycol (
- the bifunctional polymerizable monomer includes the following (II-a-1) aromatic bifunctional polymerizable monomer, (II -a-2) Aliphatic bifunctional polymerizable monomers.
- aromatic bifunctional polymerizable monomer examples include the following compounds. 2,2-bis(methacryloyloxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis[(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyloxy)phenyl]propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyloxyphenyl)propane, 2, 2-bis(4-methacryloyloxypolyethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyloxydiethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyloxytetraethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2- Bis(4-methacryloyloxypentaethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyloxydipropoxyphenyl)propane, 2(4-methacryloyloxydiethoxyphenyl)-2(4-methacryloyloxytriethyloxypentaeth
- Examples of the aliphatic bifunctional polymerizable monomer include the following compounds. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexane diol dimethacrylates, etc.
- Methacrylates such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate such as 1,6-bis(methacrylethyloxycarbonylamino)trimethylhexane, acrylates corresponding to these methacrylates, etc.
- a vinyl monomer having a hydroxyl group of and a diduct obtained from an adduct with a diisocyanate compound such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, diisocyanatemethylcyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate, methylenebis(4-cyclohexyl isocyanate); 1,2-bis(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)ethyl and the like.
- (II-b) Trifunctional Polymerizable Monomer examples include the following compounds. trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, trimethylolmethane trimethacrylate, etc., and acrylates corresponding to these methacrylates;
- tetrafunctional polymerizable monomer examples include the following compounds. pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate; Diisocyanate compounds such as diisocyanatomethylbenzene, diisocyanatomethylcyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, methylenebis(4-cyclohexyl isocyanate), 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate and glycidol diisocyanate Diaducts obtained from adducts with methacrylates, etc.
- Diisocyanate compounds such as diisocyanatomethylbenzene, diisocyanatomethylcyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhex
- the polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ) forming the organic resin matrix contains a radically polymerizable monomer, among the above-mentioned radically polymerizable monomers, polyfunctional having two or more radically polymerizable functional groups It is preferable to contain at least a polymerizable monomer.
- a radical polymerizable monomer may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the above-described cationically polymerizable monomer (a) contained in the photocationically curable composition of the present invention Anything described can be used without particular limitation.
- the polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ) contains a cationic polymerizable monomer, a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer containing two or more cationic polymerizable functional groups, or a cationic polymerizable functional group in the same molecule and a compound having a radically polymerizable functional group.
- the cationically polymerizable monomer has a cationically polymerizable functional group and a radically polymerizable monomer in the same molecule. It is preferred to use compounds having functional groups.
- Examples of polyfunctional polymerizable monomers containing two or more cationic polymerizable functional groups include epoxy compounds having two or more epoxy functional groups and oxetane compounds having two or more oxetane rings.
- One of the cationic polymerizable monomers may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.
- the difference between the refractive index nM at 25°C of the organic resin matrix and the refractive index nP at 25°C of the polymer of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a) is the cured product of the resulting photocationically curable composition. from the viewpoint of transparency, it is preferably 0.007 or less, more preferably 0.005 or less.
- the difference in refractive index nM and nP is set to 0.5 from the viewpoint that light diffusibility can be imparted by the difference in refractive index and the color matching between the cured product of the cationic photocurable composition and the tooth can be improved.
- 001 or more is preferable.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler may be a porous organic-inorganic composite filler.
- the porous organic-inorganic composite filler preferably has a cumulative pore volume of 0.01 to 0.30 cm 3 /g of pores of 1 to 500 nm measured by a nitrogen adsorption method, and preferably 0.01 to 0. It is more preferably 0.20 cm 3 /g, even more preferably 0.03 to 0.15 cm 3 /g.
- the average pore size of the porous organic-inorganic composite filler is preferably 3 to 300 nm, more preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the method for producing the organic - inorganic composite filler is not particularly limited.
- a general manufacturing method can be employed in which predetermined amounts of each component of the monomer ( ⁇ ) and the polymerization initiator are mixed, polymerized by a method such as heating or light irradiation, and then pulverized.
- the manufacturing method described in International Publication No. 2011/115007 or International Publication No. 2013/039169 can also be adopted.
- inorganic aggregated particles formed by aggregation of inorganic spherical fillers are immersed in a polymerizable monomer solvent containing a polymerizable monomer, a polymerization initiator, and an organic solvent, and then is removed, and the polymerizable monomer is polymerized and cured by a method such as heating or light irradiation.
- a method such as heating or light irradiation.
- An organic-inorganic composite filler (porous organic-inorganic composite filler) is obtained that has organic resin phases that bond to each other and in which cohesion gaps are formed between the organic resin phases that cover the surfaces of the inorganic primary particles.
- the polymerization initiator a known polymerization initiator can be used without particular limitation, but it is preferable to use a thermal polymerization initiator because a cured product with a lower degree of yellowness can be obtained, and an aromatic ring is used in the structure. It is more preferable to use a thermal polymerization initiator consisting of a compound that does not have Examples of such thermal polymerization initiators include azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile).
- the organic component in the organic-inorganic composite filler may be discolored by heat due to friction, etc., resulting in an organic-inorganic composite filler having a high degree of yellowness.
- a photo-cationically curable composition using such an organic-inorganic composite filler has a high degree of yellowness in its cured product.
- the yellowness of the cured product of the photo cationic curable composition affects the hue of the colored light observed from the material having colored light due to interference as in the present invention. Therefore, in the present invention, the organic-inorganic composite filler preferably has a low degree of yellowness.
- b* representing blue to yellow in CIELab is preferably ⁇ 2.5 or less, more preferably ⁇ 3.0 or less, on a black background color.
- the average particle size of the organic-inorganic composite filler is not particularly limited, but the mechanical strength of the cured product of the photo-cationically curable composition and the operability of the paste-like photo-cationically curable composition are From the viewpoint of improving the thickness, the thickness is preferably 2 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m. Further, the shape is not particularly limited, and predetermined amounts of each component of (f 2 ) inorganic spherical filler, polymerizable monomer ( ⁇ ), and polymerization initiator are mixed, heated, irradiated with light, or the like.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler may contain known additives such as a polymerization inhibitor and a fluorescent whitening agent as long as the effect is not impaired.
- the organic-inorganic composite filler may be subjected to washing or surface treatment with a silane coupling agent or the like.
- the content of the organic-inorganic composite filler (cf) is preferably 50 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 70 to 600 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer (a). , 100 to 400 parts by mass. (cf)
- the cationic photocurable composition of the present invention preferably contains a radically polymerizable monomer in order to improve the adhesive strength when bonding with a dental adhesive.
- radical species are generated by light irradiation, so radical polymerization proceeds simultaneously with cationic polymerization.
- a general dental adhesive is a radically polymerizable composition, it is preferable to add a radically polymerizable monomer when using it as a dental curable composition.
- a particularly preferred radically polymerizable monomer is a (meth)acrylic compound. If the content of the radically polymerizable monomer is small, it is possible to improve the adhesive strength with existing adhesives while maintaining a low degree of polymerization shrinkage.
- radically polymerizable monomers that can be preferably used include methyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and diethylene glycol.
- di(meth)acrylate triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di(meth)acrylate, 2,2 - bis(4-methacryloyloxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloyloxypolyethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and the like.
- the radically polymerizable monomers described above may be used singly or in combination of two or more as needed.
- the amount of the radically polymerizable monomer used is 10 per 100 parts by mass of the cationically polymerizable monomer (a) from the viewpoint that the adhesiveness can be improved while maintaining a low polymerization shrinkage rate. It is preferably from 10 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably from 10 to 30 parts by mass.
- Such components include known additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antistatic agents, pigments, fragrances, organic solvents and thickeners.
- the photocationically curable composition of the present invention is not limited to dental applications, and can be used for adhesives, paints, etc., but is particularly suitable as a dental filling and restorative material.
- the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention contains (f 1 ) the inorganic spherical filler and/or (cf) the organic-inorganic composite filler, it can be used to repair teeth damaged by caries, breakage, etc.
- restoration with high color tone compatibility with natural teeth is possible, which is preferable.
- a photo-cationically curable composition containing (f 1 ) an inorganic spherical filler and/or (cf) an organic-inorganic composite filler can be used to restore teeth in all kinds of cavities with high color tone compatibility with natural teeth. be. In general, it is difficult to match the color tone and the restoration operation is complicated. cavities (including cavities) can also be restored with high color matching.
- the method for producing the photocationically curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known method for producing a curable composition may be employed as appropriate. Specifically, in a dark place, a predetermined amount of the cationically polymerizable monomer, the photoacid generator, and other optional ingredients constituting the curable composition of the present invention are weighed, These may be mixed to form a paste. The photocationically curable composition of the present invention thus produced is stored in the dark until use.
- a known polymerization means may be appropriately adopted according to the polymerization initiation mechanism of the photoacid generator type photopolymerization initiator used.
- Light irradiation by a light source such as arc, xenon lamp, metal halide lamp, tungsten lamp, fluorescent lamp, sunlight, helium cadmium laser, argon laser, or heating using a heat polymerization device, or a combination of these methods, etc. used without
- the irradiation time varies depending on the wavelength and intensity of the light source, and the shape and material of the cured product. It is preferable to adjust the mixing ratio of the various components so that the time is in the range of about 5 to 60 seconds.
- Cationic polymerizable monomer (a) ⁇ KR-470: a compound represented by the following formula (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) ⁇ OXT-121: a compound represented by the following formula (manufactured by Toagosei) ⁇ OX1: a compound represented by the following formula (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) - OX2: a compound represented by the following formula (manufactured by Ube Industries).
- DPIB iodonium salt with tetrakispentafluorophenylborate as a counter anion represented by the following formula (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th1 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylthiophene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th2 2,2'-bithiophene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th3 5-octyl-2,2′-bithiophene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th4 5,5′-dihexyl-2,2′-bithiophene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th5 5,5′′-dibromo-2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Th6 2,2′-(9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-diyl)bisthiophene (manufactured)
- Th6 2,2′-(9,9-dioctyl-9
- Phenolic antioxidant BHT Dibutyl hydroxytoluene (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) ⁇ HQME: hydroquinone monomethyl ether (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries)
- Filler F1 Spherical silica-zirconia ( ⁇ -methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane surface treated product)
- D-2.6E 2,2-bis (4-methacryloxypolyethoxyphenyl) propane (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry)
- 3G Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of a cationic polymerizable monomer consisting of 50 parts by weight of KR-470 and 50 parts by weight of OXT-121, 1.0 part by weight of DPIB as a photoacid generator, and 0.0 part by weight as a photosensitizer. 2 parts by mass of CQ, 0.2 parts by mass of Th1 as an electron-donating compound, and 0.2 parts by mass of BHT as a phenolic antioxidant were added, and stirred under red light for 6 hours to obtain a photocationically curable A composition was prepared.
- the surface hardness of the cured product, the change in color tone of the cured product, and the number of storage days until gelation (which serves as an index of gelation resistance) of the obtained photo-cationically curable composition were evaluated by the following methods. Table 1 shows the results.
- the prepared photo-cationically curable composition was filled in a polyacetal mold having holes of 7 mm ⁇ 1.0 mm and pressed with a polypropylene film. Then, using a dental light irradiator (Tokuso Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation), light irradiation was performed for 10 seconds (light intensity on the irradiation surface: 400 mW/cm 2 ). Immediately after the light irradiation, the state of the filling was checked to confirm whether or not the entire composition was cured.
- the composition as a whole is cured, the obtained cured product is removed from the mold, and a Vickers indenter is used with a microhardness tester (MMT-X7 type, manufactured by Matsuzawa Seiki Co., Ltd.) with a load of 100 gf and a load retention time of 30.
- MMT-X7 type manufactured by Matsuzawa Seiki Co., Ltd.
- the diagonal length d of the depression formed in the test piece was measured in seconds to determine the surface hardness Hv of the test piece.
- the surface hardness Hv was obtained using the following formula (1).
- Hv 1854.37 ⁇ 100/d 2 Formula (1)
- the evaluation criteria of the color tone change by ⁇ E * are as follows. 0.8 ⁇ ⁇ E * ⁇ 1.6: Class AA tolerance (level at which slight color difference can be felt) 1.6 ⁇ ⁇ E * ⁇ 3.2: Class A tolerance (almost unnoticeable color difference level) 3.2 ⁇ ⁇ E * ⁇ 6.5: Class B tolerance (level that can be treated as the same color at the impression level) 6.5 ⁇ ⁇ E * ⁇ 13.0: Class C tolerance (level equivalent to one step of JIS standard color chart, Munsell color chart, etc.)
- Gelation time 0.1 g of the prepared photocationically curable composition was placed in a 2 mL screw tube bottle and stored in a constant temperature apparatus at 50°C under light shielding conditions. This photo cationic curable composition was taken out from the constant temperature apparatus every other day, allowed to cool to room temperature in a dark place, and then the properties of the curable composition were observed. At this time, the gelation time was defined as the number of days until the cationic photocurable composition became a gel that did not flow at all even when the sample tube was tilted.
- Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 A photo-cationically curable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electron-donating compound to be blended was changed as described in Table 1, and the surface hardness of the cured body was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The change in body color and the number of storage days until gelation were evaluated. The results are also shown in Table 1.
- Examples 1 to 5 using a thiophene compound as the electron-donating compound all had good photocurability, high surface hardness of the cured product (9 Hv or more), and excellent color tone stability.
- the evaluation was Class A tolerance.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 using the anthracene compound DMAn or the aromatic amine compound DMBE as the electron-donating compound both had good curability.
- Class tolerance Comparative Example 2 was B class tolerance, which was low.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 using TMBn or 3Ph as the electron donating compound and Comparative Example 5 using no electron donating compound the entire sample was not cured after light irradiation, so a cured body was prepared. could not.
- the gelation time all the samples in Table 1 were about 20 days, and almost no difference was observed.
- Examples 6 to 11, Comparative Examples 6 to 9 The composition of the cationically polymerizable monomer was changed to KR-470 (60 parts by mass), OX1 (26 parts by mass), and OX2 (14 parts by mass), and radically polymerizable with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cationically polymerizable monomer 7 parts by mass and 4 parts by mass of D-2.6E and 3G as monomers (11 parts by mass in total) were added, and the types and amounts of the electron-donating compounds and other additives to be added are shown in Table 2.
- a composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition was changed as in Example 1, and the surface hardness of the cured body, the color tone change of the cured body, and the number of storage days until gelation were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 6 to 11 the composition of the cationic polymerizable monomer was slightly changed, and a thiophene compound was added as an electron donating compound to the polymerizable monomer component in which a predetermined amount of the radically polymerizable monomer was blended.
- a thiophene compound was added as an electron donating compound to the polymerizable monomer component in which a predetermined amount of the radically polymerizable monomer was blended.
- it is an example using the photocationic curable composition of the present invention blended by changing the amount it has good curability, color tone stability and gel as in Examples 1 to 5 that do not contain a radically polymerizable monomer. showed resistance to
- Comparative Examples 6 to 9 in which DMAn or DMBE was blended with the same polymerizable monomer component, the same tendency as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 containing no radically polymerizable monomer was observed. In 6 and 8, gelation resistance tended to decrease slightly.
- Examples 12-15, Comparative Examples 10-13 Based on 100 parts by mass of the cationic polymerizable monomer, the type and amount of the radically polymerizable monomer to be blended, the amount of the filler, the type and amount of the electron-donating compound, and other catalysts (photoacid generators and sensitizers A composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the amount of the agent) was changed as shown in Table 3, and the surface hardness of the cured body and the change in color tone of the cured body were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. did. In addition, the number of storage days until gelation was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the storage temperature was changed from 50 ° C. to 37 ° C. in order to evaluate at a temperature close to the actual storage conditions. Shrinkage was evaluated by the following method. Table 3 shows the results.
- Adhesion strength After polishing the hardened dental resin block with a polishing machine using water-resistant abrasive paper No. 120 and then water-resistant abrasive paper No. 600, sandblasting was performed. A double-faced tape having a hole of 180 ⁇ m in thickness and 3 mm in diameter was fixed to the sandblasted surface, and then paraffin wax with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a hole of 8 mm in diameter was placed on the circular hole so as to be concentric. to form a simulated cavity. A dental adhesive (Bondmarliteless, manufactured by Tokuyama Dental) was applied to the simulated cavity, left for 10 seconds, and dried by blowing compressed air for about 10 seconds.
- a dental adhesive (Bondmarliteless, manufactured by Tokuyama Dental) was applied to the simulated cavity, left for 10 seconds, and dried by blowing compressed air for about 10 seconds.
- the prepared photocationically curable composition is filled thereon, pressed with a polypropylene film, and irradiated with a dental irradiation device (Tokuso Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Co., Ltd.) for 20 seconds (light intensity on the irradiated surface 800 mW / cm 2 ) to prepare an adhesion test piece.
- a metal attachment was then adhered onto the cured body using dental cement. After immersing this in water at 37° C. for 24 hours, it was pulled at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min using a tensile tester (Autograph, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) to obtain an adherend (dental resin block hardened body).
- the tensile bond strength of the photo-cationically curable composition was measured.
- the tensile bond strength of 4 pieces per test was measured by the above method, and the average value was taken as the bond strength value.
- a SUS plunger with a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 7 mm was filled with a SUS split mold having a hole with a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 7 mm to adjust the height of the hole to 3 mm.
- the upper end of the hole was pressed with a polypropylene film.
- the surface of the SUS split mold with the polypropylene film attached facing down it was placed on a glass table provided with a dental irradiation device (Tokuso Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Co., Ltd.). .
- a probe capable of measuring minute movements of the needle was brought into contact with the top of the plunger made of SUS.
- the dental curable composition is polymerized and cured by a dental irradiation device (light intensity on the irradiation surface is 800 mW/cm 2 ), and the shrinkage rate [%] after 3 minutes from the start of irradiation is measured in the vertical direction of the probe. It was calculated from the moving distance of
- Example 12 The results of surface strength and color tone change in Example 12, Comparative Example 10 and Comparative Example 12, and Example 13, Comparative Example 11 and Comparative Example 13, which have the same composition except for the electron-donating substance, were the same as before. A trend was confirmed. Further, from the results of Examples 12 to 15, in which the blending amount of the radically polymerizable monomer is mainly different in the examples, as the blending amount of the radically polymerizable monomer increases, the adhesive strength and gelation resistance are improved. On the contrary, it was confirmed that the shrinkage rate tended to increase.
- Example 15 in which the amount of the radically polymerizable monomer was the largest, the polymerization shrinkage rate was 2.0%, and did not contain any cationic polymerizable monomer (polymerization consisting only of the radically polymerizable monomer). This value is significantly lower than the polymerization shrinkage rate of 3.2% in the case of using a polymonomer).
- the inorganic spherical fillers (F1 to F4) are prepared by the method described in JP-A-58-110414, JP-A-58-156524, etc., by adding a hydrolyzable organosilicon compound (tetraethylsilicate, etc.) and water.
- a mixed solution containing a decomposable organic titanium group metal compound (tetrabutyl zirconate) is added to an ammoniacal alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, etc.) solution into which ammonia water has been introduced, It was prepared using a so-called sol-gel method in which hydrolysis was performed to precipitate a reaction product.
- F1, F2, and F3 were surface-treated with a silane coupling agent represented by S-1 below.
- F4 was surface-treated with a silane coupling agent represented by S-2 below.
- KR-470 and OXT-121 which are cationic polymerizable monomers used in Examples 16 to 33 and Comparative Examples 14 to 19, DPIB which is a photoacid generator, CQ which is a photosensitizer, and an electron donor compound
- DPIB which is a photoacid generator
- CQ which is a photosensitizer
- an electron donor compound The structures of certain Th2, Th3, DMBE, DMAn, and BHT and HQME, which are phenolic antioxidants, are as described above.
- Average primary particle size of inorganic spherical filler A photograph of the powder is taken with a scanning electron microscope ("XL-30S" manufactured by Philips), and all particles (30 or more) observed in the unit field of view of the photograph ) and the primary particle diameter (maximum diameter) of all particles were measured, and the average primary particle diameter was calculated by the following formula based on the measured values obtained.
- Refractive index nP of polymer of polymerizable monomer The refractive index of the polymer of the polymerizable monomer was measured at a constant temperature of 25° C. using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., light source wavelength 589 nm) under almost the same conditions as the polymerization conditions in the cavity. Measured in the room.
- the polymerizable monomer was a mixture of KR-470: 75 parts by weight and OXT-121: 25 parts by weight.
- Comparative Example 19 is a mixture of UDMA: 80 parts by weight and 3G: 20 parts by weight.
- a composition was prepared by mixing 5 parts by mass. The composition was sandwiched between two polypropylene films to a thickness of about 0.02 to 0.1 mm. Then, light irradiation was performed for 10 seconds using a dental light irradiation device (Tokuso Power Light, manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation). The light irradiator emits light with a wavelength range of 400-500 nm.
- Irradiation was performed so that the light intensity on the irradiated surface was 400 mW/cm 2 .
- the film-like polymer of the polymerizable monomer was removed from the polypropylene film.
- a solvent bromo Naphthalene
- Refractive index of inorganic spherical filler (nF a and nF b )
- the refractive index of the inorganic spherical filler used was measured by a liquid immersion method using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., light source wavelength: 589 nm). That is, 1 g of inorganic spherical filler was dispersed in 50 ml of anhydrous toluene in a 100 ml sample bottle in a constant temperature room at 25°C.
- the refractive index of the inorganic spherical filler was measured by adding 1-bromotoluene little by little while stirring the dispersion with a stirrer and measuring the refractive index of the dispersion when the dispersion became most transparent.
- nM Refractive index of organic resin matrix
- the refractive index nM of the organic resin matrix was measured at a constant temperature of 25° C. using an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago Co., light source wavelength 589 nm). Measured in the room. That is, V65 is added to the polymerizable monomer used to produce the organic resin matrix so that the content is 0.02% by mass, and a uniform polymerizable monomer (or polymerizable monomer The mixture) was sandwiched between two polypropylene films so that the thickness of the composition was about 0.02 to 0.1 mm. After that, it was heated at 95° C.
- SR1 by SR2 to calculate the spectral reflectance ratio.
- SR1/SR2 the spectral reflectance ratio
- the colored light in the yellow to red range is stronger than the colored light in the blue range, and the color tone is compatible with natural teeth. It becomes easier to perform high-quality repairs.
- Example 16 2.0 parts by weight of DPIB as a photoacid generator and 0.0 part by weight as a photosensitizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of a cationic polymerizable monomer consisting of 75 parts by weight of KR-470 and 25 parts by weight of OXT-121. 3 parts by weight of CQ, 0.1 parts by weight of Th3 as an electron-donating compound, 150 parts by weight of F1 as an inorganic spherical filler, 0.1 parts by weight of HQME as a phenolic antioxidant, and 0.1 parts by weight of BHT was added and stirred under red light for 6 hours to prepare a photo-cationically curable composition. The resulting photo-cationically curable composition was evaluated by the methods described above. Table 6 shows the results.
- Examples 17-24, Comparative Examples 14-15 A cationic photocurable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16, except that the types and amounts of the electron-donating compound and the inorganic spherical filler were changed as shown in Table 6. The resulting photo-cationically curable composition was evaluated by the methods described above. Table 6 shows the results.
- the photo-cationically curable compositions of Examples 16 to 24 had strong yellow to red colored light, and were capable of restoration with high color tone compatibility with natural teeth. Furthermore, the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention had good physical properties such as small polymerization shrinkage and high surface hardness of the resulting cured product. On the other hand, the surface hardness of the cured product of the photo-cationically curable composition of Comparative Example 14, in which an aromatic amine was used instead of a thiophene compound as the electron-donating compound, was low.
- the photocationically curable composition of Comparative Example 15 which used an anthracene compound instead of a thiophene compound as the electron-donating compound, exhibited blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light, and had a low spectral reflectance ratio. It turned out to be difficult to repair with high efficiency.
- the photo-cationically curable composition of Comparative Example 16 in which a radically polymerizable monomer was used instead of the cationically polymerizable monomer, resulted in a larger polymerization shrinkage rate than those of Examples.
- Example 25 2.0 parts by weight of DPIB as a photoacid generator and 0.0 part by weight as a photosensitizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of a cationic polymerizable monomer consisting of 75 parts by weight of KR-470 and 25 parts by weight of OXT-121. 3 parts by mass of CQ, 0.1 parts by mass of Th3 as an electron-donating compound (thiophene compound), 200 parts by mass of CF1 as an organic-inorganic composite filler, 0.1 parts by mass of HQME as a phenolic antioxidant, 1 part by mass of BHT was added and stirred under red light for 6 hours to prepare a photo-cationically curable composition. The resulting photo-cationically curable composition was evaluated by the methods described above. Table 7 shows the results.
- Examples 26-31, Comparative Examples 17-18 A photo cationic curable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 25, except that the types and amounts of the electron-donating compound and the organic-inorganic composite filler were changed as shown in Table 7. The resulting photo-cationically curable composition was evaluated by the methods described above. Table 7 shows the results.
- Example 32 2.0 parts by weight of DPIB as a photoacid generator and 0.0 part by weight as a photosensitizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of a cationic polymerizable monomer consisting of 75 parts by weight of KR-470 and 25 parts by weight of OXT-121.
- Example 33 A cationic photocurable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 32, except that the amounts of the organic-inorganic composite filler and the inorganic spherical filler were changed as shown in Table 7. The resulting photo-cationically curable composition was evaluated by the methods described above. Table 7 shows the results.
- the photo-cationically curable compositions of Examples 25 to 33 had a strong yellow to red colored light, and were capable of restoration with high color tone compatibility with natural teeth. Furthermore, the photo-cationically curable composition of the present invention had good physical properties such as small polymerization shrinkage and high surface hardness of the resulting cured product. In contrast, the photo-cationically curable composition of Comparative Example 17, in which an aromatic amine was used instead of a thiophene compound as the electron-donating compound, showed a decrease in the surface hardness of the cured product.
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Abstract
Description
前記(f1)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFaと、前記カチオン重合性単量体(a)の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPとの差が0.001以上であることが好ましい。
前記(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbと、前記(m)有機樹脂マトリクスの25℃における屈折率nMとの差が0.001以上であることが好ましい。
また、(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbと、前記(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPとの差が0.001以上であることが好ましい。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物において、重合性成分である(a)カチオン重合性単量体は、光酸発生剤の分解によって生じる酸によって重合する化合物であれば特に限定されず、エポキシ化合物、オキセタン化合物、環状エーテル化合物、ビニルエーテル化合物、双環状オルトエステル化合物、環状アセタール化合物、双環状アセタール化合物、環状カーボネート化合物等の従来の光カチオン硬化性組成物でカチオン重合性単量体として使用されているものが特に制限なく使用できる。入手が容易でかつ体積収縮が小さく、重合反応が速いという観点からは、エポキシ化合物及び/又はオキセタン化合物を使用することが好適である。
なお、下記に示す構造式のうち最下段左側の構造式において、*1を付した結合手は隣接する繰り返し構成単位のO原子と結合していることを示し、*2を付した結合手は隣接する繰り返し構成単位のSi原子と結合していることを示す。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物において、(b)光酸発生剤は、光照射による反応によって強い酸を生じる化合物であれば特に限定されず、ヨードニウム塩化合物、スルホニウム塩化合物、ビスムトニウム塩化合物、ピリジニウム塩化合物等の従来の光カチオン硬化性組成物で光酸発生剤として使用されているものが特に制限なく使用できる。入手が容易でかつ重合活性が高いと言う理由から、ヨードニウム塩化合物を使用することが好ましい。また、(b)光酸発生剤は、必要に応じて単独または2種以上混合して用いても何等差し支えない。
ジフェニルヨードニウム、ビス(p-クロロフェニル)ヨードニウム、ジトリルヨードニウム、ビス(p-tert-ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウム、p-イソプロピルフェニル-p-メチルフェニルヨードニウム、ビス(m-ニトロフェニル)ヨードニウム、p-tert-ブチルフェニルフェニルヨードニウム、p-メトキシフェニルフェニルヨードニウム、ビス(p-メトキシフェニル)ヨードニウム、p-オクチルオキシフェニルフェニルヨードニウム、p-フェノキシフェニルフェニルヨードニウム、ビス(p-ドデシルフェニル)ヨードニウム、トリフェニルスルホニウム、トリトリルスルホニウム、p-tert-ブチルフェニルジフェニルスルホニウム、ジフェニル-4-フェニルチオフェニルスルホニウム、ジフェニル-2,4,6-トリメチルフェニルスルホニウム、テトラフェニルビスムトニウム、トリフェニル-2,4,6-トリメチルフェニルビスムトニウム、1-メチルピリジニウム、1-メチル2-クロロピリジニウム等。
テトラキスペンタフルオロフェニルボレート、テトラ(ノナフルオロ-tert-ブトキシ)アルミネート、ヘキサフルオロホスフェート、ヘキサフルオロアンチモネート、ヘキサフルオロアルセナート、テトラフルオロボレート、トリフルオロメタンスルホナート、パークロレート等。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物において、(c)光増感剤は、光エネルギーを吸収して光酸発生剤の分解を促進するものであれば、特に制限なく、ケトン化合物(特にα-ジケトン化合物)、クマリン系色素、シアニン系色素、メロシアニン系色素、チアジン系色素、アジン系色素、アクリジン系色素、キサンテン系色素、スクアリウム系色素、ピリリウム塩系色素等を使用することができる。これらの中でも硬化体の着色を抑制すると言う理由から、カンファーキノン、ベンジル、ジアセチル、アセチルベンゾイル、2,3-ペンタジオン、2,3-オクタジオン、4,4’-ジメトキシベンジル、4,4’-オキシベンジル、9,10-フェナンスレンキノン、アセナフテンキノン等のα-ジケトン化合物を使用することが好ましく、カンファーキノンを使用することが特に好ましい。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物において、(d)チオフェン化合物は、分子内にチオフェン環を有する化合物であれば、特に制限なく公知の化合物を使用することができる。本発明においては、チオフェン化合物は電子供与性化合物として用いるため、電子供与性が高い化合物が望ましい。電子供与性を高めるためには、π共役系の拡張が有効であることが知られている。よって、チオフェン骨格にπ共役系置換基を有する化合物を好適に用いることができる。上記π共役系置換基を構成する部分構造としては、ベンゼン環の他、チオフェン環、フラン環、ピロール環などのヘテロアリール環が挙げられる。本発明におけるチオフェン化合物は、π共役系置換基を有していることが好ましく、前記π共役系置換基が1つ以上のベンゼン環またはチオフェン環を有することが特に好ましい。また、チオフェンと上記の部分構造からなるπ共役系は、アルキル基やアルコキシ基などの他の置換基で置換されていてもよい。このような(d)チオフェン化合物としては、2-フェニルチオフェン誘導体、2,2’-ビチオフェン誘導体、2-チエニルフラン誘導体、2-チエニルピロール誘導体等が挙げられ、中でも下記一般式(1)又は(2)で示される化合物が好適に使用される。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物には、目的・用途等必要に応じて、上記各成分に加えて、本発明の効果を損なわない種類及び配合量の範囲で、他の配合成分が含まれていてもよい。以下、このような「その他成分」について説明する。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、光酸発生剤の分解を抑制するための添加剤として、フェノール系酸化防止剤を含んでいてもよい。フェノール系酸化防止剤は従来公知のものが何ら制限無く利用できる。例えば、4-メトキシフェノール、ヒドロキノン、2,6-ジ-t-ブチルフェノール、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン、2,4-ジ-t-ブチルフェノール、2-t-ブチル-4,6-ジメチルフェノール等が挙げられる。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物を歯科用充填修復材料として用いる場合には、充填材(フィラー)を配合することが好ましい。
また、天然歯牙との色調適合性の高い修復を行う観点から、以下の(f1)無機球状フィラー及び/又は(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを用いることが好ましい。
充填材は、(f1)平均一次粒子径が230nm以上1000nm以下の範囲内にあり、個数基準粒度分布において、前記平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合が90%以上である無機球状フィラーを含んでいてもよい。(f1)無機球状フィラーを含むことにより、本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物を歯科用充填修復材料などの歯科用硬化性組成物として用いた場合に、天然歯牙に対して色調適合性の高い修復が可能となる。
(f1)無機球状フィラーは、このような狭い粒度分布を備えることにより、光の干渉、回折、屈折、散乱等(以下、単に「干渉,散乱等」という)に基づく構造色による着色光を生じさせることができる。このような干渉、散乱等を利用した構造色による発色は、顔料物質、染料物質等を用いた場合に見られる退色や変色現象がなく好ましい。すなわち、(f1)無機球状フィラーを含む光カチオン硬化性組成物は、構造色による着色光を利用して天然歯牙との色調適合性を向上させることができるため、従来、色調の調整に用いられている顔料物質、染料物質等の着色物質を用いなくてもよい利点がある。
平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合(%)=[(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子数)/(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における全粒子数)]×100
に従って算出することができる。
なお、後述する(f2)無機球状フィラーの平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合(%)も(f1)無機球状フィラーと同様の方法で算出することができる。
(f1)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFa(25℃)と、(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の屈折率nP(25℃)との差は、0.001以上であるのが好ましく、0.002以上であるのがより好ましく、0.005以上であるのが最も好ましい。また、着色光は、硬化体の透明性が高い場合により鮮明に発現することから、(f1)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFa(25℃)と、(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の屈折率nP(25℃)との差は、好ましくは0.1以下、より好ましくは0.05以下である。
充填材は(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを含有することが好ましい。該(cf)有機無機複合フィラーは、(m)有機樹脂マトリクスと、(f2)無機球状フィラーとを含むものであり、より詳細には、(m)有機樹脂マトリクス中に複数の一次粒子からなる(f2)無機球状フィラーが含まれており、(m)有機樹脂マトリクスが(f2)無機球状フィラーを構成する一次粒子の表面を被覆している。
有機無機複合フィラーを用いることで、例えば、微細な無機球状フィラーを単体で用いる場合と比較して、ペースト状の光カチオン硬化性組成物の増粘を抑制でき、また光カチオン硬化性組成物の硬化体のべたつきや重合収縮が低減されるなどの利点がある。
また、本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物に含まれる(cf)有機無機複合フィラーは、後述する(f2)無機球状フィラーを含有しているため、天然歯牙との色調適合性の高い修復を行うことができる。
本発明の(cf)有機無機複合フィラーは、(f2)無機球状フィラーを含有しており、該(f2)無機球状フィラーは、平均一次粒子径が230nm以上1000nm以下の範囲内にあり、個数基準粒度分布において、前記平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合が90%以上である無機球状フィラーである。
(f2)無機球状フィラーは、多数の一次粒子から構成されており、該多数の一次粒子の平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲(平均一次粒子径の値を100%として、その数値の±5%の粒子径範囲)に、一次粒子の総個数のうち90%以上の個数の一次粒子が存在している。平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子は、全粒子数の91%以上であることが好ましく、93%以上であることがより好ましい。
(f2)無機球状フィラーは、このような狭い粒度分布を備えることにより、光の干渉,散乱等に基づく構造色による着色光を生じさせることができる。このような干渉、散乱等を利用した構造色による発色は、顔料物質、染料物質等を用いた場合に見られる退色や変色現象がなく好ましい。すなわち、本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、構造色による着色光を利用して天然歯牙との色調適合性を向上させることができるため、従来、色調の調整に用いられている顔料物質、染料物質等の着色物質を用いなくてもよい利点がある。
(f2)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFb(25℃)と、(m)有機樹脂マトリクスの屈折率nM(25℃)との差は、0.001以上であるのが好ましく、0.002以上であるのがより好ましく、0.005以上であるのが最も好ましい。また、着色光は、硬化体の透明性が高い場合により鮮明に発現することから、(f2)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFb(25℃)と、(m)有機樹脂マトリクスの屈折率nM(25℃)との差は、好ましくは0.1以下、より好ましくは0.05以下である。
(f2)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFb(25℃)と、(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の屈折率nP(25℃)との差は、0.001以上であるのが好ましく、0.002以上であるのがより好ましく、0.005以上であるのが最も好ましい。また、(f2)無機球状フィラーの屈折率nFb(25℃)と、(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の屈折率nP(25℃)との差は、好ましくは0.1以下、より好ましくは0.05以下である。
(m)有機樹脂マトリクスは特に限定されないが、ラジカル重合性単量体及びカチオン重合性単量体から選ばれる少なくともいずれかを含む重合性単量体(α)の重合体であることが好ましい。すなわち、(m)有機樹脂マトリクスは、ラジカル重合性単量体の重合体から形成されていてもよいし、カチオン重合性単量体の重合体から形成されていてもよいし、ラジカル重合性単量体及びカチオン重合性単量体の両方の重合体から形成されていてもよい。
また、重合性単量体(α)は、重合性官能基を分子内に2つ以上有する多官能重合性単量体を含むことが好ましい。多官能重合性単量体を用いることで重合性が高くなり、形成される有機無機複合フィラーの機械的特性が向上する。多官能重合性単量体としては、ラジカル重合性官能基を2つ以上有するラジカル重合性単量体、カチオン重合性官能基を2つ以上有するカチオン重合性単量体などが挙げられる。
有機樹脂マトリクスを形成する重合性単量体(α)に含まれるラジカル重合性単量体としては、ビニル基、アリル基、(メタ)アクリレート基などのラジカル重合性官能基を有する単量体であれば特に制限されないが、(メタ)アクリレート基を有するラジカル重合性単量体が好ましい。ここで(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレート基、又はメタアクリレートを指す。
(メタ)アクリレート基を有する重合性単量体としては、ラジカル重合性基を1つ有する(I)単官能重合性単量体、ラジカル重合性官能基を2つ以上有する(II)多官能重合性単量体が挙げられる。
(II)多官能重合性単量体としては、(II-a)二官能重合性単量体、(II-b)三官能重合性単量体、(II-c)四官能重合性単量体などが挙げられる。
以下に具体例を示す。
メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボロニル(メタ)アクリレート、トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレートなど。
2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、3-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、6-ヒドロキシヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、10-ヒドロキシデシル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、エリスリトールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-(ジヒドロキシエチル)(メタ)アクリルアミドなど。
(II-a)二官能重合性単量体
(II-a)二官能重合性単量体としては、以下の(II-a-1)芳香族系の二官能重合性単量体、(II-a-2)脂肪族系の二官能重合性単量体が挙げられる。
2,2-ビス(メタクリロイルオキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス[(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル]プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシポリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシジエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシテトラエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシペンタエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシジプロポキシフェニル)プロパン、2(4-メタクリロイルオキシジエトキシフェニル)-2(4-メタクリロイルオキシトリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2(4-メタクリロイルオキシジプロポキシフェニル)-2-(4-メタクリロイルオキシトリエトキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシプロポキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-メタクリロイルオキシイソプロポキシフェニル)プロパン等及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレート;
2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、3-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等のメタクリレート又はこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレートなどの水酸基を有するビニルモノマーと、ジイソシアネートメチルベンゼン、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートなどの芳香族基を有するジイソシアネート化合物との付加から得られるジアダクト;
ジ(メタクリルロキシエチル)ジフェニルメタンジウレタンなど。
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、1,3-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジメタクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジメタクリレート等及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレート;
1,6-ビス(メタクリルエチルオキシカルボニルアミノ)トリメチルヘキサン等の、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、3-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等のメタクリレート又はこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレートなどの水酸基を有するビニルモノマーと、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、ジイソシアネートメチルシクロヘキサン、イソフォロンジイソシアネート、メチレンビス(4-シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)などのジイソシアネート化合物との付加体から得られるジアダクト;
1,2-ビス(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)エチルなど。
(II-b)三官能重合性単量体としては、以下の化合物が例示される。
トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリメタクリレート、トリメチロールメタントリメタクリレート等及びこれらのメタクリレートに対応するアクリレートなど。
(II-c)四官能重合性単量体としては、以下の化合物が例示される。
ペンタエリスリトールテトラメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート;
ジイソシアネートメチルベンゼン、ジイソシアネートメチルシクロヘキサン、イソフォロンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、メチレンビス(4-シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)、4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、トリレン-2,4-ジイソシアネート等のジイソシアネート化合物とグリシドールジメタクリレートとの付加体から得られるジアダクトなど。
ラジカル重合性単量体は、1種を単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
有機樹脂マトリクスを形成する重合性単量体(α)に含まれるカチオン重合性単量体としては、本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物に含まれる上記した(a)カチオン重合性単量体で説明したものを特に制限なく使用することができる。
重合性単量体(α)にカチオン重合性単量体を含有させる場合は、カチオン重合性官能基を2つ以上含有する多官能重合性単量体、又は同一分子内にカチオン重合性官能基とラジカル重合性官能基を有する化合物を少なくとも含有することが好ましい。
重合性単量体(α)がラジカル重合性単量体及びカチオン重合性単量体の両方を含有する場合は、カチオン重合性単量体として同一分子内にカチオン重合性官能基とラジカル重合性官能基を有する化合物を用いることが好ましい。
カチオン重合性官能基を2つ以上含有する多官能重合性単量体としては、上記したエポキシ官能基を二つ以上有するエポキシ化合物、オキセタン環を二つ以上有するオキセタン化合物などが挙げられる。
カチオン重合性単量体は、1種を単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
重合開始剤としては、公知の重合開始剤が特に制限なく用いられるが、より黄色度の低い硬化体を得ることができることから、熱重合開始剤を用いるのが好ましく、構造中に芳香族環を有していない化合物からなる熱重合開始剤を用いるのがより好ましい。このような熱重合開始剤としては、例えば、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)などが挙げられる。
よって、本発明においては、有機無機複合フィラーは、黄色度の低いことが好ましい。具体的には、CIELabにおける青~黄を表すb*が黒背景色において-2.5以下であるものが好ましく、-3.0以下であるものがより好ましい。
また、(cf)有機無機複合フィラーは、洗浄又はシランカップリング剤等による表面処理がなされていてもよい。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、歯科用接着材を用いて接着を行ったときの接着強さ向上のため、ラジカル重合性単量体を含むことが好ましい。本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、光照射によりラジカル種が発生するため、カチオン重合と同時にラジカル重合も進行する。一般的な歯科用接着剤はラジカル重合性組成物であるため、歯科用硬化性組成物として用いる場合は、ラジカル重合性単量体を添加することが好ましい。特に好ましいラジカル重合性単量体は(メタ)アクリル化合物である。ラジカル重合性単量体の配合量は、少量であれば低い重合収縮率を保ったまま、既存接着剤との接着強さを向上させることができる。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物を歯科用組成物に用いた場合、上記した成分に加えて、歯科用硬化性組成物、特に歯科用充填修復材料の配合成分として公知の他の成分が配合されていてもよい。
また、本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、上記した(f1)無機球状フィラー及び/又は(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを含む場合は、齲蝕や破損等により損傷をうけた歯牙の修復を行うための材料として用いた場合、天然歯牙との色調適合性の高い修復ができ好ましい。
(f1)無機球状フィラー及び/又は(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを含む光カチオン硬化性組成物は、歯牙の修復において、あらゆる種類の窩洞において天然歯牙との色調適合性の高い修復が可能である。一般に色調を適合させることが難しく、修復操作が煩雑となるIII級窩洞(前歯の隣接面窩洞で切縁隅角を含まない窩洞)やIV級窩洞(前歯の隣接面窩洞で切縁隅角を含む窩洞)についても、色調適合性の高い修復を行うことが可能となる。
本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物の製造方法は特に制限されるものではなく、公知の硬化性組成物の製造方法を適宜採用すればよい。具体的には、暗所において、本発明の硬化性組成物を構成する、カチオン重合性単量体、光酸発生剤、及び必要に応じて配合されるその他の配合成分を所定量秤取り、これらを混合してペースト状とすればよい。このようにして製造された本発明の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、使用時まで遮光下で保存される。
実施例及び比較例で使用した化合物とその略号を下に示す。
・KR-470:下記式で示される化合物(信越化学工業製)
・OXT-121:下記式で示される化合物(東亞合成製)
・OX1:下記式で示される化合物(東亞合成製)
・OX2:下記式で示される化合物(宇部興産製)。
・DPIB:下記式で示されるテトラキスペンタフルオロフェニルボレートを対アニオンとするヨードニウム塩(東京化成工業製)
・CQ:カンファーキノン(東京化成工業製)
(4-1)チオフェン化合物(d)
・Th1:2,3,4,5-テトラフェニルチオフェン(東京化成工業製)
・Th2:2,2’-ビチオフェン(東京化成工業製)
・Th3:5-オクチル-2,2’-ビチオフェン(東京化成工業製)
・Th4:5,5’-ジヘキシル-2,2’-ビチオフェン(東京化成工業製)
・Th5:5,5’’-ジブロモ-2,2’:5’,2’’-ターチオフェン(東京化成工業社製)
・Th6:2,2’-(9,9-ジオクチル-9H-フルオレン-2,7-ジイル)ビスチオフェン(シグマアルドリッチ社製)
上記各チオフェン化合物(d)の構造式を以下に示す。
・DMAn:9,10-ジメチルアントラセン(東京化成工業製)
・DMBE:p-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸エチル(東京化成工業製)
・TMBn:1,2,4-トリメトキシベンゼン(シグマアルドリッチ社製)
・3Ph:p-テルフェニル(東京化成工業製)
上記各化合物の構造式を以下に示す。
(5-1)フェノール系酸化防止剤
・BHT:ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン(東京化成工業製)
・HQME:ヒドロキノンモノメチルエーテル(和光純薬製)
(5-2)充填材
・F1:球状シリカ-ジルコニア(γ-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン表面処理物)
(5-3)ラジカル重合性単量体
・D-2.6E:2,2-ビス(4-メタクリルオキシポリエトキシフェニル)プロパン(新中村化学工業製)
・3G:トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート(新中村化学工業製)。
[実施例1]
50質量部のKR-470及び50質量部のOXT-121からなるカチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、光酸発生剤として1.0質量部のDPIB、光増感剤として0.2質量部のCQ、電子供与性化合物として0.2質量部のTh1、およびフェノール系酸化防止剤として0.2質量部のBHTを加え、赤色光下にて6時間撹拌して光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。
得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、硬化体の表面硬度、硬化体の色調変化、ゲル化までの保存日数(ゲル化耐性の指標となる。)を下記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
調製した光カチオン硬化性組成物を、7mmφ×1.0mmの孔を有するポリアセタール製のモールドに充填し、ポリプロピレンフィルムで圧接した。ついで歯科用の光照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)を用い、10秒間光照射を行った(照射面における光強度400mW/cm2)。光照射後、直ちに充填物の状態を確認し、組成物全体が硬化しているかどうかを確認した。組成物全体が硬化している場合、得られた硬化体をモールドから取り出し、微小硬度計(MMT-X7型、株式会社松沢精機製)にてヴィッカース圧子を用いて、荷重100gf、荷重保持時間30秒で試験片にできたくぼみの対角線長さdを測定し、前記試験片の表面硬度Hvを求めた。表面硬度Hvは下式(1)を用いて求めた。
Hv=1854.37×100/d2 式(1)
硬化体の表面硬度の評価の際と同様の方法で調製した硬化体を調製し、光照射直後に分光色彩計(SE7700、日本電色工業株式会社製)で色調を測定した。色調を測定後の硬化体を遮光条件下7日間保管した後、再度同様に色調を測定した。光照射直後と7日間保管後の色差ΔE*を色調変化の値とした。
0.8 ≦ ΔE*<1.6:AA級許容差(わずかに色差が感じられるレベル)
1.6 ≦ ΔE*<3.2:A級許容差(ほとんど気付かない色差レベル)
3.2 ≦ ΔE*<6.5:B級許容差(印象レベルでは同じ色として扱えるレベル)
6.5 ≦ ΔE*<13.0:C級許容差(JIS標準色票、マンセル色票等の1歩度に相当するレベル)
調製した光カチオン硬化性組成物0.1gを2mLスクリュー管瓶に入れ、遮光条件下50℃恒温装置内で保存した。この光カチオン硬化性組成物を、1日おきに恒温装置から取り出し、暗所下において室温まで放冷した後、該硬化性組成物の性状を観察した。この際に、光カチオン硬化性組成物が、サンプル管瓶を傾けても全く流動しないゲル状になった時点の日数をゲル化時間とした。
配合する電子供与性化合物を表1に記載したように変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製し、実施例1と同様にして硬化体の表面硬度、硬化体の色調変化、ゲル化までの保存日数を評価した。結果を併せて表1に示した。
カチオン重合性単量体の組成をKR―470(60質量部)、OX1(26質量部)、OX2(14質量部)に変更すると共にカチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対してラジカル重合性単量体としてD-2.6E及び3Gを、夫々7質量部及び4質量部(計11質量部)加え、更に配合する電子供与性化合物及びその他添加剤の種類及び量を表2に記載したように変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にして組成物を調製し、実施例1と同様にして硬化体の表面硬度、硬化体の色調変化、ゲル化までの保存日数を評価した。結果を表2に示した。
カチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、配合するラジカル重合性単量体の種類及び量、充填材の量、電子供与性化合物の種類及び量並びにその他触媒(光酸発生剤及び増感剤)の量を表3に記載したように変化させた以外は実施例6と同様にして組成物を調製し、実施例1と同様にして硬化体の表面硬度、硬化体の色調変化を評価した。また、実際の保管条件に近い温度で評価するために保存温度を50℃から37℃に変更する他は実施例1と同様にしてゲル化までの保存日数を測定するとともに、接着強さ、重合収縮率を下記の方法で評価した。結果を表3に示した。
歯科用レジンブロック硬化体を研磨機で耐水研磨紙120番、次いで600番を用いて研磨した後、サンドブラスト処理を行った。サンドブラスト処理を行った面に、厚さ180μm、直径3mmの穴を有する両面テープを固定し、ついで厚さ0.5mm、直径8mmの穴のあいたパラフィンワックスを上記円孔上に同一中心となるように固定して模擬窩洞を形成した。この模擬窩洞内に歯科用接着材(ボンドマーライトレス、トクヤマデンタル製)を塗布し、10秒間放置後、圧縮空気を約10秒吹き付けて乾燥した。更にその上に調製した光カチオン硬化性組成物を充填し、ポリプロピレンフィルムで圧接し、歯科用照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)で20秒間光照射(照射面における光強度800mW/cm2)して、接着試験片を作成した。その後、歯科用セメントを用いて、硬化体上に金属製アタッチメントを接着した。これを37℃の水に24時間浸漬後、引張り試験機(オートグラフ、島津製作所製)を用いてクロスヘッドスピードを2mm/min.にて引張り、被着体(歯科用レジンブロック硬化体)と光カチオン硬化性組成物の引張り接着強さを測定した。1試験当たり、4本の引張り接着強さを上記方法で測定し、その平均値を接着強さの値とした。
直径3mm、高さ7mmの孔を有するSUS製割型に、直径3mm、高さ4mmのSUS製プランジャーを填入して孔の高さを3mmに調整した。次に、この孔内に調製した光カチオン硬化性組成物を充填した後、孔の上端をポリプロピレンフィルムで圧接した。その後、SUS製割型のポリプロピレンフィルムが貼り付けられた面を下に向けた状態で、歯科用照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)の備え付けてあるガラス製台の上に載せた。そして、更にSUS製プランジャーの上から微小な針の動きを計測できる探針を接触させた。この状態で、歯科用照射器によって歯科用硬化性組成物を重合硬化させ(照射面における光強度800mW/cm2)、照射開始より3分後の収縮率[%]を、探針の上下方向の移動距離から算出した。
次に、以下の(f1)無機球状フィラー及び(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを用いて、各実施例及び比較例の光カチオン硬化性組成物を作製して評価を行った。
(f1)無機球状フィラー及び(cf)有機無機複合フィラーの製造に用いた(f2)無機球状フィラーは以下の通りである。
なお、F1、F2、及びF3については、以下のS-1で表されるシランカップリング剤により表面処理したものを用いた。また、F4については、以下のS-2で表されるシランカップリング剤により表面処理したものを用いた。
有機無機複合フィラーCF1~CF4を製造するに際し、以下のラジカル重合性単量体である「D-2.6E」及び「HD」、カチオン重合性単量体である「OXE-30」を用いた。また、熱重合開始剤としては、以下の「V65」を用いた。
D-2.6E 8質量部、HD 92質量部からなるラジカル重合性単量体を調製し、0.02質量%の含有量となるようにV65を溶解させ、(f2)無機球状フィラーであるF1を300質量部添加し、乳鉢でペースト化した。これを95℃、窒素雰囲気下で一時間加熱することで重合硬化させた。この硬化体を、振動ボールミルを用いて粉砕し、有機無機複合フィラーCF1を得た。
重合性単量体の種類及び量、並びに無機球状フィラーの種類を表5のとおり変更した以外は上記したCF1と同様に製造し、有機無機複合フィラーCF2~CF4を得た。なお、表5に示す括弧内の数値は質量部を表す。また、表5に示す平均粒子径は、得られた有機無機複合フィラーの平均粒子径である。
・UDMA:1,6-ビス(メタクリルエチルオキシカルボニルアミノ)トリメチルヘキサン
・3G:トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート
上記各化合物の構造式を以下に示す。
走査型電子顕微鏡(フィリップス社製、「XL-30S」)で粉体の写真を撮り、その写真の単位視野内に観察される全粒子(30個以上)の数及び全粒子の一次粒子径(最大径)をそれぞれ測定し、得られた測定値に基づき下記式により平均一次粒子径を算出した。
走査型電子顕微鏡で粉体の写真を撮り、その写真の単位視野内に観察される粒子(30個以上)について、それぞれの粒子の最大径である長径(Li)、該長径に直交する方向の径である短径(Bi)を求め、下記式により平均均斉度を算出した。
(1)で撮影した写真の単位視野内における全粒子(30個以上)のうち、(1)で求めた平均一次粒子径の±5%の粒子径範囲外の一次粒子径(最大径)を有する粒子の数を計測し、その値を上記全粒子の数から減じて、上記写真の単位視野内における平均一次粒子径±5%の粒子径範囲内の粒子数を求め、下記式:
平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合(%)=[(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子数)/(走査型電子顕微鏡写真の単位視野内における全粒子数)]×100、に従って算出した。
重合性単量体の重合体の屈折率は、窩洞内での重合条件とほぼ同じ条件で重合した重合体を、アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、光源波長589nm)を用いて25℃の恒温室にて測定した。なお、重合性単量体は実施例16~33、比較例14~15、比較例17~18では、KR-470:75質量部とOXT-121:25質量部との混合物であり、比較例16、比較例19は、UDMA:80質量部と3G:20質量部との混合物である。
各実施例及び比較例で使用した重合性単量体100質量部、光酸発生剤としてDPIBを2質量部、光増感剤としてCQを0.3質量部、電子供与体としてDMAnを0.5質量部混合して組成物を調製した。該組成物を2枚のポリプロピレンフィルムに挟み、組成物の厚さを0.02~0.1mm程度とした。ついで歯科用の光照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)を用い、10秒間光照射を行った。該光照射器は波長範囲400~500nmの光が照射される。照射は、照射面における光強度が400mW/cm2となるようにした。光照射後、重合性単量体のフィルム状の重合体をポリプロピレンフィルムから外した。アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、光源波長589nm)に重合体をセットする際に、重合体と測定面を密着させる目的で、試料を溶解せず、かつ試料よりも屈折率の高い溶媒(ブロモナフタレン)を試料に滴下し測定した。
用いた無機球状フィラーの屈折率は、アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、光源波長589nm)を用いて液浸法によって測定した。
即ち、25℃の恒温室において、100mlサンプル瓶中、無機球状フィラー1gを無水トルエン50ml中に分散させた。この分散液をスターラーで攪拌しながら1-ブロモトルエンを少しずつ滴下し、分散液が最も透明になった時点の分散液の屈折率を測定することにより、無機球状フィラーの屈折率を測定した。
有機樹脂マトリックスの屈折率nMは、有機無機複合フィラーの製造時の重合条件とほぼ同じ条件で重合した重合体を、アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、光源波長589nm)を用いて25℃の恒温室にて測定した。
すなわち、有機樹脂マトリクスの製造に使用した重合性単量体に、0.02質量%の含有量となるようにV65を添加して、混合した均一な重合性単量体(又は重合性単量体の混合物)を、2枚のポリプロピレンフィルムに挟み、組成物の厚さを0.02~0.1mm程度とした。その後、95℃で、窒素加圧下で一時間加熱して重合硬化後、ポリプロピレンフィルムから外して、重合性単量体のフィルム状の重合体(有機樹脂マトリックス)を作製した。アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、光源波長589nm)に重合体をセットする際に、重合体と測定面を密着させる目的で、試料を溶解せず、且つ、試料よりも屈折率の高い溶媒(ブロモナフタレン)を試料に滴下し、屈折率を測定した。
実施例及び比較例で調製された光カチオン硬化性組成物のペーストを7mmφ×1mmの孔を有する型にいれ、両面はポリエステルフィルムで圧接した。歯科用の光照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)で両面を30秒ずつ光照射し硬化させた後、型から取り出して、10mm角程度の黒いテープ(カーボンテープ)の粘着面に載せ、目視にて着色光の色調を確認した。
実施例及び比較例で調製された光カチオン硬化性組成物のペーストを7mmφ×1mmの貫通した孔を有する型にいれ、両面にポリエステルフィルムを圧接した。歯科用の光照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)で両面を30秒ずつ光照射し硬化させた後、硬化体を型から取り出した。該硬化体に対して、紫外光ランプ(スペクトロニクスコーポレーション社製、ハンディUVランプ)により紫外光(波長365nm)を照射した場合に、天然歯に比べて特定の発色があるかどうかを確認した。
実施例及び比較例で調製された光カチオン硬化性組成物のペーストを7mmφ×1mmの貫通した孔を有する型にいれ、両面にポリエステルフィルムを圧接した。歯科用の光照射器(トクソーパワーライト、株式会社トクヤマ製)で両面を30秒ずつ光照射し硬化させた後、型から取り出して、色差計(東京電色製、「TC-1800MKII」)を用いて、黒背景下で分光反射率を測定し、黄~赤色域(600-750nm)の反射率の最大値:SR1及び青色域(400-500nm)の反射率の最大値:SR2を求め、SR1をSR2で除することで分光反射率比を算出した。
なお、分光反射率比(SR1/SR2)が、0.8~2.0であると、黄~赤色系の着色光が、青色域の着色光よりも強く、天然歯牙に対して色調適合性の高い修復を行いやすくなる。
75質量部のKR-470及び25質量部のOXT-121からなるカチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、光酸発生剤として2.0質量部のDPIB、光増感剤として0.3質量部のCQ、電子供与性化合物として0.1質量部のTh3、無機球状フィラーとして150質量部のF1、フェノール系酸化防止剤として0.1質量部のHQME、0.1質量部のBHTを加え、赤色光下にて6時間撹拌して光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について上記方法で評価した。結果を表6に示す。
電子供与性化合物と無機球状フィラーの種類及び量を表6に示すとおりに変更した以外は、実施例16と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表6に示す。
カチオン重合性単量体に代えて、80質量部のUDMA及び20質量部の3Gからなるラジカル重合性単量体を用い、電子供与性化合物の配合量を0.5質量部とした以外は、実施例16と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表6に示す。
これに対して、電子供与性化合物としてチオフェン化合物を用いず、芳香族アミンを用いた比較例14の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、硬化体の表面硬度が低下していた。
電子供与性化合物としてチオフェン化合物を用いず、アントラセン化合物を用いた比較例15の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、紫外光により青色の蛍光が確認され、また分光反射率比が低いことから、色調適合性の高い修復が難しいことが分かった。
カチオン重合性単量体の代わりにラジカル重合性単量体を用いた比較例16の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、実施例と比較して、重合収縮率が大きい結果となった。
75質量部のKR-470及び25質量部のOXT-121からなるカチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、光酸発生剤として2.0質量部のDPIB、光増感剤として0.3質量部のCQ、電子供与性化合物(チオフェン化合物)として0.1質量部のTh3、有機無機複合フィラーとして200質量部のCF1、フェノール系酸化防止剤として0.1質量部のHQME、0.1質量部のBHTを加え、赤色光下にて6時間撹拌して光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表7に示す。
電子供与性化合物と有機無機複合フィラーの種類及び量を表7に示すとおりに変更した以外は、実施例25と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表7に示す。
75質量部のKR-470及び25質量部のOXT-121からなるカチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、光酸発生剤として2.0質量部のDPIB、光増感剤として0.3質量部のCQ、電子供与性化合物として0.5質量部のTh3(チオフェン化合物)、有機無機複合フィラーとして100質量部のCF1、無機球状フィラーとして100質量部のF1、フェノール系酸化防止剤として0.1質量部のHQME、0.1質量部のBHTを加え、赤色光下にて6時間撹拌して光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表7に示す。
有機無機複合フィラー、及び無機球状フィラーの量を表7のとおり変更した以外は、実施例32と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表7に示す。
カチオン重合性単量体に代えて、80質量部のUDMA及び20質量部の3Gからなるラジカル重合性単量体を用い、電子供与性化合物の配合量を0.5質量部とした以外は、実施例25と同様にして光カチオン硬化性組成物を調製した。得られた光カチオン硬化性組成物について、上記方法で評価した。結果を表7に示す。
これに対して、電子供与性化合物としてチオフェン化合物を用いず、芳香族アミンを用いた比較例17の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、硬化体の表面硬度が低下していた。
電子供与性化合物としてチオフェン化合物を用いず、アントラセン化合物を用いた比較例18の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、紫外光により青色の蛍光が確認され、また分光反射率比が低いことから、色調適合性の高い修復が難しいことが分かった。
カチオン重合性単量体の代わりにラジカル重合性単量体を用いた比較例19の光カチオン硬化性組成物は、実施例と比較して、重合収縮率が大きい結果となった。
Claims (16)
- (a)カチオン重合性単量体、
(b)光酸発生剤、
(c)光増感剤、及び
(d)チオフェン化合物
を含有することを特徴とする光カチオン硬化性組成物。 - アントラセン化合物及び/又は芳香族アミン化合物からなる電子供与性化合物の含有量が(d)チオフェン化合物:1質量部に対して0.2質量部以下である、請求項1に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記(d)チオフェン化合物が、チオフェン骨格上に1つ以上のπ共役系置換基を有する化合物である、請求項1又は2に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記π共役系置換基が1つ以上のベンゼン環またはチオフェン環である、請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記(a)カチオン重合性単量体が、エポキシ化合物およびオキセタン化合物から選ばれる少なくとも一種の化合物を含み、前記(b)光酸発生剤が、ヨードニウム塩であり、前記(c)光増感剤がカンファーキノンである、請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- フェノール系酸化防止剤を更に含む、請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 充填材を更に含む、請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記充填材が、(f1)平均一次粒子径が230nm以上1000nm以下の範囲内にあり、個数基準粒度分布において、前記平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合が90%以上である無機球状フィラーを含み、
前記(f1)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFaは、前記(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPよりも大きい、請求項8に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。 - 前記(f1)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFaと、前記カチオン重合性単量体(a)の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPとの差が0.001以上である、請求項9に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記充填材が、(cf)有機無機複合フィラーを含み、
前記(cf)有機無機複合フィラーが、
(m)有機樹脂マトリクスと、
(f2)平均一次粒子径が230nm以上1000nm以下の範囲内にあり、個数基準粒度分布において、前記平均一次粒子径の前後の5%の範囲に存在する粒子の全粒子数に対する割合が90%以上である無機球状フィラーとを含み、
前記(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbは、前記(m)有機樹脂マトリクスの25℃における屈折率nMよりも大きい、請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。 - 前記(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbと、前記(m)有機樹脂マトリクスの25℃における屈折率nMとの差が0.001以上である、請求項11に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbは、前記(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPよりも大きい、請求項11又は12に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 前記(f2)無機球状フィラーの25℃における屈折率nFbと、前記(a)カチオン重合性単量体の重合体の25℃における屈折率nPとの差が0.001以上である、請求項11~13のいずれかに記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- カチオン重合性単量体100質量部に対して、ラジカル重合性単量体を10~70質量部を含む、請求項1~14の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~15の何れか一項に記載の光カチオン硬化性組成物からなる歯科用硬化性組成物。
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