WO2022184195A1 - Arbeitszylinder und verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Arbeitszylinder und verfahren zu dessen herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022184195A1 WO2022184195A1 PCT/DE2022/000015 DE2022000015W WO2022184195A1 WO 2022184195 A1 WO2022184195 A1 WO 2022184195A1 DE 2022000015 W DE2022000015 W DE 2022000015W WO 2022184195 A1 WO2022184195 A1 WO 2022184195A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder tube
- cylinder
- closure part
- working
- adaptation body
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007819 coupling partner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1438—Cylinder to end cap assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2215/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another
- F15B2215/30—Constructional details thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a working cylinder, in particular a hydraulic working cylinder, and a method for its manufacture
- Working cylinders as such are known from the prior art.
- the working cylinders have a cylinder tube and locking parts.
- the thread of the cylinder tube and locking parts is usually produced by a machining process.
- Both screwed cylinders and cylinders with screwing of only one closure part and MAG welding of the other closure part are provided in high quality according to the state of the art and have proven to be high-quality and reliable products.
- the manufacturing disadvantage here is that the material thickness, i.e. the tube wall thickness, must be increased for the thread to be introduced subtractively, especially for the cylinder tube, because the thread inevitably weakens the cylinder tube.
- this then results in a pipe wall thickness that is considerably oversized to absorb the forces during operation, in particular the forces due to the operating pressure of the fluid. this leads to
- confirmation copy disadvantageous to increased material consumption and increased final weight of the working cylinder. Furthermore, it is expensive in terms of production to machine the comparatively long cylinder tubes. Furthermore, it is difficult in terms of manufacturing technology to match the threads of the closure parts and the cylinder tube so that in the case of a desired special angular position of the closure parts to one another or to the cylinder tube, a suitable tightening torque is applied when screwing.
- the object of the invention is to provide a working cylinder that is highly reliable, can be produced inexpensively and can be dismantled. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to show a method for producing such a working cylinder.
- the working cylinder according to the invention has as basic elements a cylinder and a piston unit and is characterized in particular by a special section kupplungsab.
- the cylinder of the working cylinder according to the invention has a cylinder tube, a closure part and a further closure part.
- the cylinder tube has two opposite cylinder tube ends with one cylinder tube end and another cylinder tube end.
- the closure part is arranged on the end of the cylinder tube and the further closure part is arranged on the further end of the cylinder tube.
- the cylinder tube end and the further cylinder tube end are summarized below, also as the cylinder tube ends, and the closure part and the further closure part, also summarized as called the locking parts.
- the cylinder tube and the closure parts arranged thereon form a cylinder interior.
- the piston unit forms at least one working space in the cylinder interior.
- the piston unit is preferably designed as an assembly of piston and piston rod, the piston rod slidingly passing through one of the closure parts, which is then present as a guide closure part.
- the piston unit can also be present, for example, as a plunger piston or as a piston unit of a synchronous cylinder.
- the working cylinder according to the invention is also characterized by a coupling section designed in a special way.
- the coupling section has the closure part, the cylinder tube end and a hollow-cylindrical adaptation body.
- the closure part has an external thread and the adapter body has an internal thread.
- the external thread and the internal thread are designed to correspond to one another and are in engagement with one another in an intended final assembly state. Here they form a common thread section. This is designed to detachably couple the closure part and the adaptation body.
- the coupling section is characterized in that the cylinder tube end is integrally connected to the adaptation body at an adaptation body end on the cylinder tube side by means of a circumferential annular weld seam.
- the ring weld seam forms a pressure medium-tight sealing plane.
- the adaptation body thus practically forms a longitudinal continuation of the cylinder tube, with the inside diameter and the outside diameter of the adaptation body matching but also being able to deviate from one another.
- the working cylinder according to the invention has in particular the advantages described below.
- the adapter sleeve can be machined much more cost-effectively. This applies in particular to cutting the internal thread.
- the length of the adaptation body can generally be designed to be significantly smaller than its diameter.
- the adaptation body is preferably made from a tubular material, which is available as so-called rod goods.
- the cutting to length, the clamping processes and the handling can be carried out much faster than with a comparatively much longer cylinder tube.
- processing machines with significantly smaller processing spaces can be used, which are correspondingly less expensive and also require less installation space due to their smaller design.
- the angular position of the closure parts can be adjusted freely and precisely.
- the setting of the angular position is not related to the tightening torque when screwing.
- the angular position can be freely selected.
- the angular position can be precisely adjusted in a particularly simple manner because possible elastic torsional deformations of the cylinder tube, as in the case of screw assembly of a screw working cylinder, do not occur and do not have to be taken into account.
- the adapter sleeve can be mounted with optimized tightening torque. Since the angular position of the adapter sleeve to the locking part does not have to be taken into account, the screw connection can be carried out with the exact tightening torque required in each case. As a result, a cost-effective metallic seal is also possible, in particular.
- the wall thickness of the adaptation body is advantageously not tied to the wall thickness of the cylinder tube.
- the wall thickness of the cylinder tube can be chosen to be weaker because the cylinder tube is not weakened in its wall cross section by the thread as in the case of a screw working cylinder according to the prior art.
- the wall thickness of the adaptation body can be chosen to be larger relative to the wall thickness of the cylinder tube in order to be able to reliably absorb the loads in the threaded area.
- the pairing of materials for the welding is no longer necessarily determined by the material of the closure part. Rather, a material pairing with the material of the cylinder tube can be optimized by selecting a suitable material for the adaptation body.
- the material of the adaptation body can advantageously be optimized, since it is not restricted to the material of the cylinder tube. Rather, a material that is more suitable for machining can be selected.
- Comparatively expensive material for the cylinder tube is advantageously saved, since its length is reduced by the length of the adaptation body.
- Another significant advantage of the working cylinder according to the invention in contrast to a welding working cylinder, is that it can be dismantled and can therefore be maintained and repaired. It is also advantageous here that even after reassembly, the angular position of the closure parts to one another is essentially same tightening torque can be provided again, since the angular position between the adapter body and the cylinder tube is maintained due to the permanent welded connection.
- the working cylinder according to the invention combines the advantages of a screw coupling with those of a laser welding coupling or, to put it another way, the advantages of a welding working cylinder with those of a screwing working cylinder.
- the closure parts of the working cylinder each have a laterally arranged pressure medium connection.
- the working cylinder according to the invention provides an advantageous solution for this, since after the adaptation body has been installed, the cylinder tube with the further closure part can be aligned so that it can rotate freely about its main longitudinal axis and can be welded to the adaptation body in this angular position.
- the ring weld seam is designed as a laser weld seam.
- a welded connection is provided with only a low energy per unit area.
- the pre-assembly consisting of the locking part and the adapter body heats up so that seals or guides that have already been installed are not damaged.
- the ring weld seam has a ring weld seam depth which has a ratio of 1.1 to 2.5 to a cylinder tube wall thickness.
- the annular weld seam has an inclination with respect to the transverse plane, which is orthogonal to the main longitudinal axis. This achieves a depth of the annular weld seam that exceeds the thickness of the cylinder tube wall, with 1.1 times to 2.5 times the thickness of the cylinder tube wall depending on the angle of inclination.
- a larger connection surface and thus greater strength of the materially bonded connection between the adapter body and the cylinder tube is hereby provided in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the ring weld seam has a ring weld seam center axis which has a ring weld seam inclination angle alpha of 20 to 70 degrees with respect to a main longitudinal axis of the cylinder pipe.
- the ring weld center axis of the cross-section V-shaped ring weld is inclined relative to the transverse plane and encloses the ring weld inclination angle alpha of 20 to 70 degrees. It has been found that an inclination in this area achieves an additional increase in strength on the one hand, in that the components of the multiaxial stress on the weld seam due to tensile stresses and buckling stresses are advantageously divided by the inclination and, on the other hand, there is a sufficiently low energy per unit area to avoid an undesired excessive to avoid heating up during welding.
- the thickness of the wall of the adaptation body is greater than the thickness of the wall of the cylinder tube.
- the adaptation body has a gripping section, which engages radially over the cylinder tube at the end of the cylinder tube.
- a geometry of the adaptation body and the cylinder tube is understood in which, viewed in the eccentric direction, a section of the adaptation body is arranged radially above the cylinder tube.
- the overlap can be designed in such a way that a section of the adaptation body lies over the cylinder tube like an enclosing ring.
- the adapter body and the cylinder tube to each have an inclined flank, with the flank of the adapter body lying radially above the flank of the cylinder tube.
- an elastic widening of the cylinder tube caused by the pressure of the pressure means is limited by the overhang.
- the coupling between the adapter body and the cylinder tube in addition to the material connection, advantageously has an additional form-fitting force transmission component and thus relieves the annular weld seam.
- the end of the adaptation body on the closure part side has a tapered wall section.
- the tapered wall section has an axial annular surface and the closure part has an axial mating annular surface, the axial annular surface and the axial mating annular surface being in positive pressure contact with one another in a coupled state and forming a circumferential pressure contact surface.
- the pressure contact surface forms a sealing plane.
- the sealing plane prevents a pressure medium from escaping from the working space at the coupling between the adapter body and the closure part.
- the form-fitting pressure contact is brought about by the generation of an axial force due to the screwing of the adapter body and locking part.
- a surface pressure in the area of the pressure contact surface provides a deformation of the adaptation body and the closure part, which occurs both with and without pressure being applied by a pressure medium within an elasticity limit.
- pressurization here includes the entire range of values from any minimum pressure up to a maximum permissible pressure of the pressure means. Even at the maximum pressure, a sufficient axial force remains on the sealing pressure contact surface, so that the function of the working cylinder is retained.
- the axial annular surface and the axial mating annular surface are preferably arranged in a planar plane which is essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis.
- a particularly suitable material pairing of the adaptation body and closure part with suitable moduli of elasticity is selected, deviating from the material of the cylinder tube, and secondly, the deformation of the wall narrowing section and the corresponding closure part section is controlled via a tightening torque that is independent of an angular position can be adjusted exactly to the desired degree within the elastic limits.
- the working cylinder has a further coupling section.
- This has the further closure part, the further end of the cylinder tube and a further hollow-cylindrical adaptation body and is designed analogously to the described coupling section.
- the further closure part has a further external thread and the further adaptation body has a further internal thread corresponding to the further external thread, so that the further external thread and the further internal thread form a further common threaded section which is designed to make the further closure part and the further adaptation body detachable to pair.
- the further end of the cylinder tube with the further adaptation body is attached to a further end of the adaptation body on the side of the cylinder tube by means of a further Circumferential annular weld seam and the additional annular weld seam forms an additional pressure medium-tight sealing level.
- the working cylinder has the special coupling according to the invention to both closure parts.
- This development is advantageous in special cases when the coupling for both locking parts is to be detachable, or when special components such as position sensors are to be arranged on the cylinder tube, in which a defined angular position is to be achieved both in relation to the first locking part, referred to here as the locking part , As well as to the second closure part, referred to here as another closure part, is to be adjusted.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a working cylinder according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention includes the following method steps: a) Screwing the adaptation body onto the closure part b) Applying a torque to the adaptation body and providing a subassembly consisting of the closure part and the adaptation body c) Positioning the cylinder tube with its cylinder tube end on the cylinder tube side Adaptation body end d) Production of the circumferential ring weld.
- the screwing movement is continued by applying a torque that can be defined by the user.
- a torque that can be defined by the user.
- a desired elastic deformation of the pressure contact areas of the closure part and the adapter body can be set.
- step c) the cylinder tube is brought into the desired position relative to the adapter body.
- the length of the adapter body is preferably such that the closure part protrudes axially, so that the cylinder tube can be pushed onto this axial protrusion and is thus centered.
- step d the circumferential ring weld is produced.
- this is a laser weld seam.
- the cylinder barrel and subassembly are held in a fixed relative position.
- step d the coupling section is completed. If a coupling section according to the invention is not also produced as a further coupling section in a special development at the opposite end of the cylinder to the further closure part, the working cylinder is also closed according to method step d). Further work steps such as painting can then be carried out.
- this has a method step c1) after method step c). c1) Alignment of the cylinder tube in an angular position about the main longitudinal axis relative to the sub-assembly.
- step c1) the alignment of the cylinder tube takes place in addition to the other degrees of freedom in the rotational degree of freedom of torsion about the central main longitudinal axis of the working cylinder. This adjusts the angular position of the cylinder tube relative to the closure part. This is based on the fact that, as a rule, the further closure part is already coupled to the cylinder tube by welding. In this way, the angular position of the closure parts relative to one another can be defined at the same time.
- FIG. 1 cut sectional view of a working cylinder with two kupplungsab
- Fig. 4 Enlarged detail of a coupling section with overlap section and inclined ring weld explained in more detail.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a working cylinder according to the invention in a sectional view.
- the exemplary embodiment is a differential working cylinder.
- the working cylinder also has a further coupling section 7b.
- the working cylinder is composed of the cylinder 1 and the piston unit 2.
- the cylinder tube 3 has the opposite cylinder tube ends 5a and 5b.
- the interior 6 is formed together with the closure parts 4a and 4b.
- the at least one working space 6.1 here as the main working space, is formed between the piston of the piston unit 2 and the closure part 4a, which is present here as a bottom closure part.
- the piston unit 2 is in the retracted position, so that the working space 6.1 is closed.
- Opposite is the maximum open piston rod space (no reference number) as a further working space, which is delimited by the further closure part 4b as a guide closure part.
- the working chamber 6.1 is supplied with hydraulic fluid via the pressure medium connection 12a and the piston rod chamber via the further pressure medium connection 12b.
- the coupling section 7a includes the closure part 4a, the adapter body 8a and the cylinder tube end 5a.
- the closure part 4a has an external thread 9a and the adapter body 8a has an internal thread 10b.
- the threads 9a and 10a are of corresponding design and engage with one another.
- the adapter body 8a is detachably coupled to the closure part 4a by screwing.
- the cylinder tube 3 is connected with its cylinder tube end 5a to the adapter body 8a by means of the annular weld seam 11b in a cohesive manner.
- the further coupling section 7b with the further closure part 4b, the further adapter body 8b, the further threads 9b and 10b and the further annular weld seam 11b on the further cylinder tube end 5b corresponds in its structure and in its function to the coupling section 7a.
- the sections describing the coupling section 7a therefore also apply in a corresponding manner to the further coupling section 7b.
- the working cylinder is detachable at both ends due to the two coupling portions 7a and 7b.
- FIG. 2 shows the area of the coupling section 7a as a detail in an enlarged section.
- the coupling area between the adapter body 8a and the closure part is further detailed by FIG. 3, so that FIGS. 2 and 3 are explained together.
- the adapter body 8a has a tapered wall section 8a.4. This has the axial annular surface 8a.5 in the direction of the closure part 4a and the axial mating annular surface 4a.1 opposite the closure part 4a in the direction of the adapter body 8a. Both annular surfaces 8a.5 and 4a.1 together form the pressure contact surface 13. This is subjected to an axial force by means of the screw connection through the external thread 9a and the internal thread 10a, which causes an elastic deformation of the adapter body 8a and the closure part 4a in the area around the pressure contact surface 13 .
- the adapter body 8a overlaps at its end 8a.1 on the cylinder tube side by means of an overlapping section 8a.2 the cylinder tube 3 at its cylinder end 5a.
- the ring weld seam 11a is inclined and encloses a ring weld seam inclination angle a with its ring weld center axis 15 relative to the main longitudinal axis 14 of the working cylinder, which angle is 30 degrees in the exemplary embodiment. Due to the overlap, the adapter body 8a, which is also made with a greater material strength than the cylinder tube 3, also supports the coupling by means of the annular weld seam 11a and, in particular, reliably absorbs buckling forces when the pressure medium is pressurized during operation of the working cylinder.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280014733.3A CN116848330A (zh) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-02-23 | 工作缸与工作缸的制造方法 |
US18/548,940 US20240151250A1 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-02-23 | Working cylinder and method for the production thereof |
EP22711864.3A EP4301990A1 (de) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-02-23 | Arbeitszylinder und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
JP2023548278A JP2024512877A (ja) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-02-23 | 作動シリンダ及びその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021001107.4A DE102021001107A1 (de) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Arbeitszylinder und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DEDE102021001107.4 | 2021-03-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022184195A1 true WO2022184195A1 (de) | 2022-09-09 |
Family
ID=80930355
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2022/000015 WO2022184195A1 (de) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-02-23 | Arbeitszylinder und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240151250A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4301990A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2024512877A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116848330A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021001107A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022184195A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202019004568U1 (de) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-02-10 | Bümach Engineering International B.V. | Arbeitszylinder |
DE202022002445U1 (de) | 2022-11-14 | 2024-02-15 | Bümach Engineering lnternational B.V. | Arbeitszylinder |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58182002U (ja) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-05 | 日立建機株式会社 | 油圧シリンダの溶接構造 |
BE1011346A3 (nl) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-07-06 | Dhollander Jan Jozef Prudence | Verbeterde hydraulische cilinder. |
WO2013124729A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Cifa Spa | Tubular body made of composite material and corresponding method for making said tubular body |
CN104847892A (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-19 | 无锡市威特机械有限公司 | 一种挤压机油缸活塞杆和油缸新型结构 |
DE112018004418T5 (de) * | 2017-10-05 | 2020-05-20 | Kyb Corporation | Druck-feste Vorrichtung und Fluid-Druck-Zylinder |
DE202019004569U1 (de) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-02-10 | Bümach Engineering International B.V. | Arbeitszylinder |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2511126C2 (de) | 1975-03-14 | 1982-09-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Aus wenigstens zwei miteinander verschweißten Teilen bestehendes Gerät |
JP6098880B2 (ja) | 2013-05-07 | 2017-03-22 | Smc株式会社 | 流体圧シリンダ |
-
2021
- 2021-03-02 DE DE102021001107.4A patent/DE102021001107A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-23 JP JP2023548278A patent/JP2024512877A/ja active Pending
- 2022-02-23 CN CN202280014733.3A patent/CN116848330A/zh active Pending
- 2022-02-23 EP EP22711864.3A patent/EP4301990A1/de active Pending
- 2022-02-23 US US18/548,940 patent/US20240151250A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-23 WO PCT/DE2022/000015 patent/WO2022184195A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58182002U (ja) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-05 | 日立建機株式会社 | 油圧シリンダの溶接構造 |
BE1011346A3 (nl) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-07-06 | Dhollander Jan Jozef Prudence | Verbeterde hydraulische cilinder. |
WO2013124729A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Cifa Spa | Tubular body made of composite material and corresponding method for making said tubular body |
CN104847892A (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-19 | 无锡市威特机械有限公司 | 一种挤压机油缸活塞杆和油缸新型结构 |
DE112018004418T5 (de) * | 2017-10-05 | 2020-05-20 | Kyb Corporation | Druck-feste Vorrichtung und Fluid-Druck-Zylinder |
DE202019004569U1 (de) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-02-10 | Bümach Engineering International B.V. | Arbeitszylinder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2024512877A (ja) | 2024-03-21 |
DE102021001107A1 (de) | 2022-09-08 |
US20240151250A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
EP4301990A1 (de) | 2024-01-10 |
CN116848330A (zh) | 2023-10-03 |
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