WO2022184177A1 - 一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2022184177A1
WO2022184177A1 PCT/CN2022/079388 CN2022079388W WO2022184177A1 WO 2022184177 A1 WO2022184177 A1 WO 2022184177A1 CN 2022079388 W CN2022079388 W CN 2022079388W WO 2022184177 A1 WO2022184177 A1 WO 2022184177A1
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alkenyl
substituted
alkyl
butyl
mmol
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PCT/CN2022/079388
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English (en)
French (fr)
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沈孝坤
刘辉鑫
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甫康(上海)健康科技有限责任公司
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Priority to AU2022230014A priority Critical patent/AU2022230014A1/en
Priority to CA3210814A priority patent/CA3210814A1/en
Priority to JP2023554041A priority patent/JP2024510431A/ja
Priority to EP22762638.9A priority patent/EP4303217A1/en
Priority to IL305455A priority patent/IL305455A/en
Priority to US18/279,933 priority patent/US20240083860A1/en
Priority to KR1020237033753A priority patent/KR20240018414A/ko
Publication of WO2022184177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022184177A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/53Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/62Compounds containing any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom, e.g. N-acylcarbamates
    • C07C271/64Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom, e.g. benzoylcarbamates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D237/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
    • C07D237/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D237/06Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D237/10Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D237/14Oxygen atoms
    • C07D237/16Two oxygen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D253/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D251/00
    • C07D253/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D251/00 not condensed with other rings
    • C07D253/061,2,4-Triazines
    • C07D253/0651,2,4-Triazines having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D253/071,2,4-Triazines having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms, or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D253/075Two hetero atoms, in positions 3 and 5

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of chemical medicine, and particularly relates to an aromatic compound, a preparation method and application thereof.
  • the thyroid is a butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck.
  • the thyroid releases hormones that control the body's basal metabolism, thyroid hormones, and thus control how our bodies use energy.
  • Thyroid hormones regulate important bodily functions including: breathing, heart rate, central and peripheral nervous system, weight, muscle strength, menstrual cycle, body temperature, cholesterol levels, and more.
  • Thyroid hormone receptor (THR) receptors belong to a superfamily of nuclear receptors whose expression can be induced by the thyroid hormone T3.
  • the main subtypes of thyroid hormone receptors, THR ⁇ -1, THR ⁇ -1 and THR ⁇ -2, are mainly responsible for mediating thyroid hormone action and are essential for human growth, development and metabolism.
  • THR ⁇ -1 is widely expressed in all tissues but is more prominent in the brain, thyroid, liver and kidney, while THR ⁇ -2 is mainly expressed in the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, retina, developing brain and inner ear. specific expression.
  • thyroid hormones affect nearly every organ system. Clinically, these effects manifest as alterations in lipid metabolism and effects on cardiovascular development. Thyroid hormones have beneficial effects such as lowering cholesterol, improving blood lipid profiles, and treating obesity. Thyroid hormone analogs can improve lipid profiles by reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol reuptake, stimulating reverse cholesterol transport, and reducing plasma triglycerides.
  • LDL low-density lipoprotein
  • HDL high-density lipoprotein
  • THR ⁇ -1 is the predominant thyroid hormone receptor isoform in the liver, if the normal activity of THR ⁇ -1 is inhibited by its mutants, it can be speculated that it causes metabolic abnormalities.
  • thyroid hormones also regulate apolipoprotein B.
  • Apolipoprotein B is the major protein component of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL).
  • NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • advanced fibrosis compared with patients with fully euthyroid
  • NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • NASH nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • advanced fibrosis 21.0% vs 10.6%
  • P ⁇ 0.01 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had significantly more patients with NASH and advanced fibrosis compared with patients with low thyroid function (NASH, 57.6% vs 48.8%; advanced fibrosis, 25.4% vs 17.9%; P ⁇ 0.01) .
  • Serum TSH levels in NASH patients were significantly higher than those in normal groups.
  • thyroid function tests confirmed the presence of several thyroid dysfunction in patients with chronic liver disease.
  • hypothyroidism was not associated with NASH and was associated with other known metabolic risk factors, ie, hypothyroidism was an independent risk factor for NASH.
  • the treatment strategy should include at least three aspects: That is, reducing or eliminating hepatic fat deposition; controlling and suppressing persistent hepatic inflammation/reducing hepatocyte death; preventing fibrosis progression or degrading already formed fibers/extracellular matrix to reverse the fibrotic process.
  • NAFLD/NASH is fundamentally a metabolic syndrome, closely related to fat metabolism disorders, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, etc. At the same time, these metabolic disturbances and fat deposition lead to inflammation; inflammation leads to liver cell death/apoptosis; and liver cell death/apoptosis naturally develops leading to fibrosis/cirrhosis.
  • the vast majority of drugs currently in phase III clinical trials reduce or eliminate fatty deposition/degeneration, control and suppress persistent inflammation/reduce liver cell death as pharmacological mechanisms.
  • MGL-3196 is a once-daily oral, liver-specific thyroid hormone receptor subtype (THR- ⁇ ) selective agonist.
  • Viking Therapeutics has also developed an oral small molecule agonist VK2809 (or MB07811) with selectivity for the thyroid hormone receptor beta subtype (THR-beta).
  • VK2809 or MB07811
  • TRR-beta thyroid hormone receptor beta subtype
  • the drug is currently undergoing Phase II clinical studies in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The results showed that LDL-C levels were significantly reduced by 20% or more in patients treated with VK2809. Treatment for 12 weeks significantly reduced LDL-C levels and improved liver fat content in NAFLD patients.
  • thyroid hormone receptor beta subtype TRR-beta
  • the reported THR- ⁇ agonists still have limitations, the most important thing is to improve the agonistic activity and subtype selectivity of the compounds, especially the selectivity for the THR- ⁇ subtype.
  • the compounds currently under development still have insufficient agonistic activity and selectivity. Only by breaking through the above bottlenecks can such compounds be expected to become breakthrough new therapies for the treatment of NASH and related liver diseases.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the structure of the existing thyroid hormone receptor THR- ⁇ selective agonist is relatively single defect, for this reason, the present invention provides a kind of aromatic compound, its preparation method and its application.
  • the agonist activity of this type of agonist on THR- ⁇ is significantly stronger than that of MGL-3196, a drug currently under clinical research, and the selection of THR- ⁇ subtypes is also significantly higher than that of MGL-3196.
  • some compounds showed good safety, tolerability, and reduced liver fat and liver protection in mice.
  • the present invention provides a kind of compound as shown in formula I or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and its structure is as follows:
  • A is O or CH 2 ;
  • X and Y are independently chlorine, bromine, iodine, "I isotopes 124 I or 131 I" or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, "one or more fluorine substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl", “one or more fluorine substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl", “one or more deuterium substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl” or “one or more deuterium substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl";
  • R 2 is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, "one or more fluorine substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl", “one or more fluorine substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl", “one or more fluorine substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl” deuterium substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl” or "one or more deuterium substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl".
  • A is O or CH 2 ;
  • X and Y are independently chlorine, bromine, iodine or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • M is R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, "one or more fluorine substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl", “one or more fluorine substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl", “one or more deuterium substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl” or “one or more deuterium substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl";
  • M is R 2 is "one or more fluorine-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl".
  • A is O; X and Y are independently chlorine, bromine or iodine; M is R 1 is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl or "one or more fluorine-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl".
  • X and Y are independently chlorine, bromine, iodine or CH3 .
  • R 1 is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl or "one or more fluoro-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl".
  • R 2 is "one or more fluoro-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl".
  • R 1 is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example Also for example
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group; for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; preferably isopropyl.
  • R 1 is "one or more fluorine-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups"
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups are C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups; for example, methyl , ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; the "one or more” is 1 or 3, preferably
  • R 1 is "one or more deuterium-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups"
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups are C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups; for example, methyl , ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; the "one or more” is 1 or 3, preferably
  • R 1 is "one or more fluorine-substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl"
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example
  • the "one or more” is one or three.
  • R 1 is "one or more deuterium-substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl"
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example
  • the "one or more” is one or three.
  • R 2 is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example Also for example
  • R 2 is "one or more fluorine-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl"
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl is C 1 -C 4 alkyl; for example, methyl , ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; the "one or more” is 1 or 3, preferably
  • R 2 is "one or more deuterium-substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl"
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl is C 1 -C 4 alkyl; for example, methyl , ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl);
  • the "one or more” is 1 or 3, preferably
  • R 2 is "one or more fluorine-substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl"
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example
  • the "one or more” is one or three.
  • R 2 is "one or more deuterium-substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl"
  • the C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is C 2 -C 4 alkenyl; for example
  • the "one or more” is one or three.
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group; for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl methyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; preferably methyl.
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group; for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl methyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; preferably methyl.
  • R 1 is
  • the compound shown in the formula I is any of the following compounds:
  • the described compound shown in formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be synthesized by a method similar to a known method in the chemical field, and its steps and conditions can refer to the steps and conditions of similar reactions in this area, In particular, the synthesis was carried out according to the description herein.
  • Starting materials are generally obtained from commercial sources, or can be readily prepared using methods well known to those skilled in the art (obtained via SciFinder, Reaxys online database).
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a compound represented by formula I, which comprises the following steps: in a solvent, in the presence of a base, the compound represented by formula II-a is subjected to the following ring-closing reaction to obtain The compound represented by formula I is enough; wherein, the definitions of M, X, Y and A are as described above, and R 6 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • the C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group; for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl Propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl; eg ethyl.
  • the present invention also provides a compound shown in formula II-a,
  • the compound shown in the formula II-a is any of the following compounds:
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a compound represented by formula II-a, which comprises the following steps: in a solvent, in the presence of an acid, diazotizing the compound represented by formula II-b with sodium nitrite is carried out. chemical reaction, and then react with cyanoacetylcarbamic acid to carry out the reaction shown in the following formula to obtain a compound shown in formula II-a; wherein, the definitions of M, A , X, Y, and R are as described above;
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising substance A and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers; the substance A is the aforementioned compound represented by formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable of salt.
  • the amount of the compound represented by formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be a therapeutically effective amount.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can be those excipients widely used in the field of pharmaceutical production. Excipients are mainly used to provide a safe, stable and functional pharmaceutical composition, and can also provide a method to enable the subject to dissolve the active ingredient at a desired rate after administration, or to promote the activity of the subject after the composition is administered. The ingredients are effectively absorbed.
  • the pharmaceutical excipients can be inert fillers, or provide some function, such as stabilizing the overall pH of the composition or preventing degradation of the active ingredients of the composition.
  • Described pharmaceutical adjuvants may include one or more of the following adjuvants: binders, suspending agents, emulsifiers, diluents, fillers, granulating agents, adhesives, disintegrating agents, lubricants, anti-sticking agents Agents, glidants, wetting agents, gelling agents, absorption delaying agents, dissolution inhibitors, enhancers, adsorbents, buffers, chelating agents, preservatives, colorants, flavors and sweeteners.
  • adjuvants may include one or more of the following adjuvants: binders, suspending agents, emulsifiers, diluents, fillers, granulating agents, adhesives, disintegrating agents, lubricants, anti-sticking agents Agents, glidants, wetting agents, gelling agents, absorption delaying agents, dissolution inhibitors, enhancers, adsorbents, buffers, chelating agents, preservatives, colorants, flavors and sweeten
  • compositions of the present invention can be prepared in light of the disclosure using any method known to those skilled in the art. For example, conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, emulsifying, attenuating, encapsulating, entrapping or lyophilizing processes.
  • the present invention also provides the use of a substance B in the preparation of a THR- ⁇ agonist, wherein the substance B is the above-mentioned compound represented by formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the agonist of THR- ⁇ can be used in mammalian organisms; it can also be used in vitro, mainly for experimental purposes, for example: as a standard sample or a control sample to provide comparison, or according to the art
  • a kit is prepared by conventional methods to provide rapid detection of the agonistic effect of THR- ⁇ .
  • the present invention also provides the use of a substance B in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases related to THR- ⁇ , wherein the substance B is the above-mentioned compound represented by formula I or its pharmacy an acceptable salt of the above, or a pharmaceutical composition as described above.
  • the disease is one or more of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, liver fibrosis, type 2 diabetes and primary hypercholesterolemia.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable means that salts, solvents, excipients, etc. are generally non-toxic, safe, and suitable for patient use.
  • patient is preferably a mammal, more preferably a human.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refers to salts of compounds of the present invention prepared with relatively non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acids or bases.
  • base addition salts can be obtained by contacting the prototype of such compounds with a sufficient amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable base in a suitable inert solvent.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts include, but are not limited to, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, bismuth, ammonium, diethanolamine.
  • acid addition salts can be obtained by contacting the prototype of such compounds with a sufficient amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid in a suitable inert solvent.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable acids include inorganic acids, including but not limited to: hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, carbonic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, sulfuric acid, and the like.
  • Described pharmaceutically acceptable acid includes organic acid, described organic acid includes but is not limited to: acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, isobutyric acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, benzoic acid, succinic acid, suberic acid , fumaric acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, phthalic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulfonic acid, isonicotinic acid, acid citric acid, oleic acid , tannic acid, pantothenic acid, hydrogen tartrate, ascorbic acid, gentisic acid, fumaric acid, gluc
  • variable eg R 1
  • the definition that appears at each position of the variable is independent of the definitions that appear at other positions, and their meanings are independent of each other and do not affect each other. Therefore, if a group is substituted with 1, 2 or 3 R 1 groups, that is, the group may be substituted with up to 3 R 1 groups, the definition of this position R 1 is the same as that of the remaining R 1 groups. Definitions are independent of each other. Additionally, combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
  • C1 - C6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group as defined below having a total of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
  • the total number of carbon atoms in the simplified notation does not include carbons that may be present in the substituents of the group.
  • treatment refers to therapeutic therapy.
  • treatment refers to: (1) ameliorating one or more biological manifestations of the disease or disorder, (2) interfering with (a) one or more points in the biological cascade leading to or causing the disorder or (b) ) one or more biological manifestations of the disorder, (3) amelioration of one or more symptoms, effects or side effects associated with the disorder, or one or more symptoms, effects or side effects associated with the disorder or its treatment, or (4) slowing the progression of the disorder or one or more biological manifestations of the disorder.
  • terapéuticaally effective amount refers to an amount of a compound that, when administered to a patient, is sufficient to effectively treat the disease or disorder described herein.
  • a “therapeutically effective amount” will vary depending on the compound, the condition and its severity, and the age of the patient to be treated, and can be adjusted as needed by those skilled in the art.
  • the reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available.
  • the invention provides a thyroid hormone receptor agonist, a preparation method and application thereof.
  • the agonist activity of this type of agonist on THR- ⁇ is significantly stronger than that of MGL-3196, a drug currently under clinical research, and the selection of THR- ⁇ subtypes is also significantly higher than that of MGL-3196. It has shown good safety, tolerability and reduction of liver fat in mice in animal experiments in NASH disease models, as well as potential efficacy in the treatment of NASH.
  • Fig. 1 is the animal body weight change curve of the 42-day administration of Effect Example 3;
  • Fig. 2 is effect embodiment 3 total cholesterol (TCHO) level
  • Fig. 3 is the low density lipoprotein (LDL) level of Effect Example 3;
  • Fig. 4 is the hepatocyte ballooning score of Effect Example 3.
  • Fig. 5 is the liver inflammation score of Effect Example 3.
  • FIG. 6 is the liver fibrosis (Ishak) score of Effect Example 3.
  • FIG. 6 is the liver fibrosis (Ishak) score of Effect Example 3.
  • FIG. 7 is the liver NAS score of effect example 3.
  • Fig. 8 is the change curve of animal body weight for 3 days after administration of Effect Example 4.
  • the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 mL ⁇ 3), and the organic phases were combined.
  • the organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (10 mL), then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered.
  • the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain crude 4-(2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenoxy)-2-(isopropenyl)phenol.
  • Step 4 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-isopropenylphenoxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step 5 2-(3,5-Dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-(isopropenyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5 -Tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-6-carbonitrile
  • Step 3 N-(3,5-Dichloro-4-((5-(2-fluoropropan-2-yl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl)oxy )phenyl)acetamide
  • N-(3,5-Dichloro-4-((5-(2-fluoropropan-2-yl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl)oxy)benzene yl)acetamide (1.0 g, 2.7 mmol) and 6N hydrochloric acid (24 mL) were added to ethanol (20 mL), heated to 70°C; stirred at 70°C for 2.5 h.
  • Step 5 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-((5-(2-fluoropropyl-2-yl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro) Pyridazin-3-yl)oxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)urethane
  • 6-(4-Amino-2,6-dichlorophenoxy)-4-(2-fluoropropan-2-yl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one 500 mg, 1.51 mmol was added to 4N hydrochloric acid
  • aqueous solution 22.5 mL
  • 0.26N aqueous sodium nitrite solution 7.5 mL was added dropwise, after the dropwise addition was completed, stirring was continued for 2 h; after the reaction was completed, the solution was filtered.
  • the filtrate was added dropwise to a mixed solution of ethyl cyanoacetylcarbamate (236 mg, 1.51 mmol), pyridine (9.2 mL), and water (30 mL); at 0 °C, stirred for 1.5 h; after the reaction was completed , filtered, and the filter cake was rinsed with water (10 mL) and petroleum ether (10 mL) respectively; the filter cake was dried under reduced pressure to give (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-((5).
  • Step 6 2-(3,5-Dichloro-4-((5-(2-fluoropropan-2-yl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl)oxy) Phenyl-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-6-carbonitrile
  • Step 4 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-(4-hydroxy-3-(isopropenyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5- Tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-6-carbonitrile
  • Step 3 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step 3 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-deuterated methylphenoxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step 3 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dimethyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-isopropenylphenoxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step 4 2-(3,5-Dibromo-4-(4-hydroxy-3-(isopropenyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5- Tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-6-carbonitrile
  • reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (300 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, and the organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (200 mL), and anhydrous sulfuric acid dried over magnesium; filtered, the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 10-95% (%B)) to obtain 2.84 g of product , the yield is 65%.
  • reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with dichloromethane (300 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (250 mL), and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate; filtered , the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 5-85% (%B)) to obtain 1.58 g of product with a yield of 60 %.
  • reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (300 mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, the organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (200 mL), and anhydrous sulfuric acid dried over magnesium; filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 10-95% (%B)) to obtain 2.55 g of product , the yield is 68%.
  • reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, extracted with dichloromethane (300 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (250 mL), and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate; filtered , the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 5-85% (%B)) to obtain 1.45 g of product with a yield of 65 %.
  • Step 3 (2-cyano-2-(2-(3,5-dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-allylphenoxy)phenyl)hydrazono)acetyl)carbamic acid ethyl ester
  • Step 4 2-(3,5-Dichloro-4-(4-hydroxy-3-(allyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5 -Tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine-6-carbonitrile
  • the reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (300 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, and the organic phases were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (200 mL), and anhydrous sulfuric acid dried over magnesium; filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 10-95% (%B)) to obtain 2.84 g of product , the yield is 65%.
  • reaction solution was poured into saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with dichloromethane (300 mL*2); the organic phases were combined, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (250 mL), and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate; filtered , the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure; the concentrate was purified by reverse-phase preparative liquid phase (mobile phase A: water, mobile phase B: acetonitrile, gradient: 5-85% (%B)) to obtain 1.58 g of product with a yield of 60 %. MS(ESI) m/z: 298.2 [M+H] + .
  • TR-LBD thyroid hormone ligand binding domain
  • Excitation wavelength 340nm filter (30nm bandwidth)
  • Emission wavelength 520nm filter (25nm bandwidth)
  • Emission wavelength 490nm or 495nm filter (10nm bandwidth) Lag time 100 ⁇ s Integration time 200 ⁇ s
  • Test compounds Thyroxine T3 (positive control), MGL3196 (positive compound), compounds of the examples of the present invention.
  • Test compounds Thyroxine T3 (positive control), MGL3196 (positive control), compounds of test examples.
  • C57BL/6J male mice were continuously fed with CDAA-HFD diet (choline-deficient L-amino acid high-fat diet) since 6 weeks of age, and the model was successfully established after 6 weeks (42 days).
  • CDAA-HFD diet choline-deficient L-amino acid high-fat diet
  • hepatic triglyceride secretion is impaired by VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein), and the mice have elevated serum ALT and AST, steatosis and inflammation within 3 weeks, and liver fibrosis occurs at 5-6 weeks.
  • the model developed cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and liver failure within 24 weeks.
  • CDAA-HFD diet can induce hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in the short term without the features of metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, which is of great reference significance for NASH disease research projects .
  • the CDAA-HFD model was used to simulate the pathological process and physiological state of NASH, and the therapeutic effect of the compound on early and mid-stage NASH was tested.
  • Grouping and dosing schedule groups number of animals Dose (mg/kg, mpk) way of administration Normal control group (regular feed) 12 PBS p.o.q.d,42days Model group (CDAA-HFD) 16 PBS p.o.q.d,42days fenofibrate group 12 100 p.o.q.d,42days MGL-3196 group 6 3.0 p.o.q.d,42days Compound 1 6 3.0 p.o.q.d,42days
  • Grouping was carried out from the 42nd day of successful modeling, and then 42 days of dosing was carried out according to the dosing schedule.
  • Drug preparation each administration group weighed an appropriate amount of sample powder, placed it in a 5mL centrifuge tube, added an appropriate amount of 0.5% MC, vortexed and mixed well, and prepared a solution of corresponding concentration, which is ready to use.
  • the state of the animal was observed and recorded during each administration; if the animal died, the animal was grossly dissected, and the internal organs were observed with the naked eye for abnormality and recorded.
  • the body weight of the animals was measured twice a week.
  • the body weight curve of the animals for 42 days of administration is shown in Figure 1 .
  • mice After weighing all mice at the corresponding time points, they were euthanized with elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide. Blood was collected by cardiac puncture, and the plasma was collected after centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 10 min, which was immediately placed on dry ice and stored at -80°C.
  • blood biochemical indicators were detected, including TCHO (total cholesterol), LDL (low density lipoprotein), etc.
  • liver was taken, the weight was measured, and a part of the liver (same position for each animal) was cut and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histopathological analysis (H-E staining and Sirius red staining): the degree of liver fat and inflammatory cell infiltration, Fibrosis and NAS score (NAS scoring system refers to Chinese Medical Association "Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease” (2010 revision), Ishak scoring system refers to Journal of Hepatology 47 (2007) 598–607, Grading and staging systems for inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases.)).
  • TCHO total cholesterol
  • LDL low density lipoprotein
  • Hepatocyte ballooning can indicate the severity of hepatic fat accumulation. As shown in Figure 4, Compound 1 can significantly reduce the hepatocyte ballooning variation value. Another major indicator of NASH is the degree of hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration. As shown in Fig. 5, compound 1 showed a good effect of inhibiting and reversing liver inflammation, suggesting that compound 1 has the potential to treat NASH.
  • liver fibrosis score is shown in Figure 6, and the NAS score is shown in Figure 7.
  • Compound 1 significantly improved the liver NAS score and the degree of fibrosis.
  • the lipid-lowering effect of compound 2 was tested by the same method as above. Compared with the normal diet group, the model group and the fenofibrate group, compound 2 significantly decreased, confirming that compound 2, as a THR-beta inhibitor, can effectively reduce liver fat. The same method as above was used to test the hepatocyte ballooning and inflammation scores of compound 2, and compound 2 also showed a good effect of inhibiting and reversing liver inflammation.
  • mice tolerated compound 1 well, and no obvious abnormality was found in body weight and clinical symptoms during the experiment. No abnormality was found in the results of hematology and blood biochemistry. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) > 300 mg/kg. The experimental results suggest that compound 1 has good safety.
  • CHO-hERG cells were cultured in a 175cm2 culture flask. When the cell density reached 60-80%, the culture medium was removed, washed with 7mL of PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline phosphate buffered saline), and then digested with 3mL of Detachin. After the digestion is complete, add 7 mL of culture medium to neutralize, then centrifuge, remove the supernatant, and add 5 mL of culture medium to resuspend to ensure that the cell density is 2-5 ⁇ 106/mL.
  • PBS Phosphate Buffered Saline phosphate buffered saline
  • Single-cell high-impedance sealing and whole-cell pattern formation are all done automatically by the Qpatch instrument. After acquiring the whole-cell recording pattern, the cells are clamped at -80 mV, before a 5-second +40 mV depolarizing stimulus is given. , given a pre-voltage of -50 mV for 50 ms, then repolarized to -50 mV for 5 seconds, and then returned to -80 mV. This voltage stimulation was applied every 15 seconds, and the extracellular fluid was recorded for 5 minutes after 2 minutes of recording, and then the administration process was started.
  • the highest tested concentration of compound 1 was 40.00 ⁇ M, with a total of 6 concentrations, which were 40.00, 13.33, 4.44, 1.48, 0.49, and 0.16 ⁇ M, respectively.
  • the DMSO content in the final test concentration did not exceed 0.2%, and this concentration of DMSO had no effect on the hERG potassium channel.
  • Compound concentrations were started from the lowest test concentration, each test concentration was administered for 2.5 minutes, and after all concentrations were administered consecutively, the positive control compound Cisapride was administered. At least 3 cells were tested for each concentration (n ⁇ 3).
  • the experimental data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 5.0 software.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用。本发明提供了一种如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。本发明化合物在NASH疾病模型的动物实验中展现了良好的安全性、耐受性和对小鼠肝脏脂肪的降低作用以及治疗NASH的潜在疗效。

Description

一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用
本申请要求申请日为2021年3月4日的中国专利申请2021102648447的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明属于化学医药技术领域,具体涉及一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
甲状腺是位于颈部基部的蝴蝶状器官。甲状腺释放控制人体基础新陈代谢的激素,即甲状腺激素,因而控制我们身体使用能量的方式。甲状腺激素调节重要的身体功能,包括:呼吸,心率,中枢和周围神经系统,体重,肌肉力量,月经周期,体温,胆固醇水平等等。
甲状腺激素受体(THR)受体属于可以被甲状腺激素T3诱导表达的核受体超级家族。甲状腺激素受体的主要亚型THRα-1,THRβ-1和THRβ-2主要负责介导甲状腺激素作用,对人体生长发育和新陈代谢至关重要。THRβ-1在所有组织中广泛表达,但在脑,甲状腺,肝脏和肾脏中比较突出,而THRβ-2主要在脑下垂体前叶,脑下丘,视网膜,发育中的脑和内耳中以组织特异性方式表达。
甲状腺激素的生理作用几乎影响到每个器官系统。临床上,这些影响表现为脂质代谢的改变和对心血管发育的效应。甲状腺激素具有降低胆固醇,改善血脂特征和治疗肥胖等有益作用。甲状腺激素类似物能够通过降低低密度脂蛋白(LDL)-胆固醇,增加高密度脂蛋白(HDL)胆固醇再摄取,刺激反向胆固醇转运和降低血浆甘油三酯等,改善脂质谱。
由于THRβ-1是肝脏中主要的甲状腺激素受体的同工型,如果THRβ-1的正常活性被其突变体抑制,可以推测其导致代谢异常。此外,甲状腺激素也调节载脂蛋白B。载脂蛋白B是极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)的主要蛋白质成分。一些研究结果表明,除了刺激脂质氧化途径外,甲状腺激素抑制脂质液滴作为脂质储存的途径,并促进脂质液滴作为VLDL的脂质体的部分分泌。
研究表明与甲状腺功能完全正常的患者相比,甲状腺功能低下的患者患有非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)和晚期纤维化的比例明显较高(NASH,52.4%vs 37.2%;晚期纤维化,21.0%vs 10.6%;P<0.01)。此外,与甲状腺功能低水平的患者相比,亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者的NASH和晚期纤维化患者明显增多(NASH,57.6%vs 48.8%;晚期纤维化,25.4%vs 17.9%;P<0.01)。NASH患者的血清促甲状腺激素水平明显高于正常组。另外,甲状腺功能检查证实慢性肝病患者存在着几种甲状腺功能异常。此外,甲状腺功能减退与NASH和与之相关与其它已知的代谢危险因素无关,即甲状腺功能减退是导致NASH的一个独立危险因素。
如果能将甲状腺激素过量的有害影响与对降低胆固醇和血脂的潜在有益作用分开,就有希望开发获得强效的新型药物。考虑到非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)和NASH大致三个阶段的发展历程:即脂肪沉积,肝炎-肝细胞死/凋亡,纤维化/肝硬化,其治疗策略应该包括至少三个方面:即降低或消 除肝脂肪沉积;控制和压制持续的肝区炎症/减少肝细胞死亡;阻止纤维化进展或降解已形成的纤维/细胞外基质以逆反纤维化过程。这三个方面中,又以降低或消除脂肪沉积,控制和压制持续的炎症/减少肝细胞死亡为重中之重。NAFLD/NASH从根本上讲是一个代谢综合症,与脂肪代谢紊乱,胰岛素抵抗/2型糖尿病等密切相关。同时,这些代谢紊乱和脂肪沉积导致炎症;炎症则导致肝细胞死/凋亡;而肝细胞死/凋亡自然发展导致纤维化/肝硬化。目前处于Ⅲ期临床试验阶段的药物绝大多数均以降低或消除脂肪沉积/变性,控制和压制持续的炎症/减少肝细胞死亡为药理作用机制。
综上,对THR-β靶标开发选择性的口服的小分子激动剂是一个非常有潜力的策略,在这方面国际上已经有两个先行者。其中,美国Madrigal制药公司旗下候选药物MGL-3196在经活检证实在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的患者中进行的II期临床试验获得了积极的结果。MGL-3196是一个每日口服一次的肝脏特异的甲状腺激素受体亚型(THR-β)选择性激动剂。在临床研究中,使用MRI-PDFF(一种非侵入性成像测试)测定的肝脏脂肪的百分比变化作为主要临床终点,显示了统计学上显著的积极结果,肝脏脂肪减少30%以上,且与肝脏活组织检验上NASH的改善之间存在高度的相关性。在MGL-3196治疗的患者中观察到ALT和AST具有统计学意义的显著降低,另外多个次要终点如LDL-C,甘油三酯,载脂蛋白B和脂蛋白a等也都表现出统计学上的显著改善。这些临床指标都与NASH患者的临床状况有关联。2019年该药已经进入了临床III期研究。
此外,Viking Therapeutics公司也开发了一个具有甲状腺激素受体β亚型(THR-β)选择性的口服小分子激动剂VK2809(或MB07811)。该药物目前正在原发性高胆固醇血症和非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者中进行临床II期研究。结果显示,接受VK2809治疗患者的LDL-C水平显著下降20%或更多。治疗12周可显著降低NAFLD患者的LDL-C水平,并改善其肝脏脂肪含量。
由于MGL-3196和VK2809降低脂肪沉积/变性的效果显著,业内预测甲状腺激素受体β亚型(THR-β)激动剂在治疗NAFLD/NASH及代谢综合症上极具潜力。
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000001
然而,目前已报道的THR-β激动剂仍有局限性,最重要的是提高化合物的激动活性和亚型选择性,特别是对THR-α亚型的选择性。目前在研的化合物依然存在激动活性和选择性上的不足。只有突破了上述瓶颈,这类化合物才有望成为治疗NASH及相关肝病的突破性新疗法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题为现有的甲状腺激素受体THR-β选择性的激动剂的结构较为单一的 缺陷,为此,本发明提供了一种芳香化合物、其制备方法及其应用。该类激动剂对THR-β的激动活性显著强于目前临床在研的药物MGL-3196,且对THR-α亚型的选择的也明显高于MGL-3196。在NASH疾病模型的动物实验中,某些化合物展现了良好的安全性、耐受性和对小鼠肝脏脂肪的降低作用及肝脏保护作用。
本发明提供了一种如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其结构如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000002
其中,A为O或CH 2
M为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000003
X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘、“I的同位素 124I或 131I”或C 1~C 6烷基;
R 1为氢、C 1~C 6烷基、C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”;
R 2为C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”。
在某一方案中,所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐里的某些取代基可进一步具有下述的定义,下文未涉及的取代基的定义如本发明任一方案所述(以下简称为“在某一方案中”):
其中,A为O或CH 2
X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘或C 1~C 6烷基;
M为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000004
R 1为氢、C 1~C 6烷基、C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”;
或者,M为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000005
R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
在某一方案中,其中,A为O;X和Y独立地为氯、溴或碘;M为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000006
R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
在某一方案中,其中,A为O,X和Y独立地为氯或溴;M为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000007
R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或“一个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
在某一方案中,X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘或CH 3
在某一方案中,R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
在某一方案中,R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
在某一方案中,当R 1为C 2~C 6烯基时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基;例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000009
还例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000010
在某一方案中,当R 1为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;优选为异丙基。
在某一方案中,当R 1为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000011
在某一方案中,当R 1为“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000012
在某一方案中,当R 1为“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基;例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000014
所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个。
在某一方案中,当R 1为“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基; 例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000016
所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个。
在某一方案中,当R 2为C 2~C 6烯基时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基;例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000018
还例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000019
在某一方案中,当R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000020
在某一方案中,当R 2为“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基);所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000021
在某一方案中,当R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基;例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000023
所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个。
在某一方案中,当R 2为“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为C 2~C 4烯基;例如
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000025
所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个。
在某一方案中,当X为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;优选为甲基。
在某一方案中,当Y为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;优选为甲基。
在某一方案中,R 1
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000026
在某一方案中,
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000029
在某一方案中,所述的如式I所示化合物为如下任一化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000032
本发明中,所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,可通过包括与化学领域公知方法相似的方法合成,其步骤和条件可参考本领域类似反应的步骤和条件,特别是根据本文说明进行合成。起始原料通常是来自商业来源,或可使用本领域技术人员公知的方法(通过SciFinder、Reaxys联机数据库得到)容易地制备。
本发明还提供了一种如式I所示化合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱存在下,将如式II-a所示的化合物进行如下所示的关环反应,得到如式I所示的化合物,即可;其中,M、X、Y和A的定义如前述所述,R 6为C 1-C 6烷基;
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000033
在某一方案中,当R 6为C 1-C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为C 1~C 4烷基;例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、伯丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;例如乙基。
本发明还提供了一种如式II-a所示化合物,
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000034
其中,M、A、X、Y和R 6的定义如前述所述。
在某一方案中,所述的如式II-a所示化合物为如下任一化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000036
本发明还提供了一种如式II-a所示的化合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在酸存在下,将如式II-b所示的化合物与亚硝酸钠进行重氮化反应,再与氰基乙酰氨基甲酸反应进行如下式所示的反应,得到如式II-a所示化合物;其中,M、A、X、Y、和R 6的定义如前述所述;
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000037
本发明提供了一种药物组合物,其包括物质A和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体;所述的物质A为如前所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。在所述的药物组合物中,所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用量可为治疗有效量。
所述的药学上可接受的载体(药用辅料)可为药物生产领域中广泛采用的那些辅料。辅料主要用于提供一个安全、稳定和功能性的药物组合物,还可以提供方法,使受试者接受给药后活性成分以所 期望速率溶出,或促进受试者接受组合物给药后活性成分得到有效吸收。所述的药用辅料可以是惰性填充剂,或者提供某种功能,例如稳定该组合物的整体pH值或防止组合物活性成分的降解。所述的药用辅料可以包括下列辅料中的一种或多种:粘合剂、助悬剂、乳化剂、稀释剂、填充剂、成粒剂、胶粘剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、抗粘着剂、助流剂、润湿剂、胶凝剂、吸收延迟剂、溶解抑制剂、增强剂、吸附剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂、防腐剂、着色剂、矫味剂和甜味剂。
本发明的药物组合物可根据公开的内容使用本领域技术人员已知的任何方法来制备。例如,常规混合、溶解、造粒、乳化、磨细、包封、包埋或冻干工艺。
本发明还提供了一种物质B在制备THR-β的激动剂中的应用,所述的物质B为如上所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或如上所述的药物组合物。
在所述的应用中,所述的THR-β的激动剂可用于哺乳动物生物体内;也可用于生物体外,主要作为实验用途,例如:作为标准样或对照样提供比对,或按照本领域常规方法制成试剂盒,为THR-β的激动效果提供快速检测。
本发明还提供了一种物质B在制备用于治疗和/或预防与THR-β的相关疾病的药物中的应用,所述的物质B为如上所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或如上所述的药物组合物。
所述疾病为非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肥胖、肝纤维化、2型糖尿病和原发性高胆固醇血症中的一种或多种。
除非另有说明,在本发明说明书和权利要求书中出现的以下术语具有下述含义:
术语“药学上可接受的”是指盐、溶剂、辅料等一般无毒、安全,并且适合于患者使用。所述的“患者”优选哺乳动物,更优选为人类。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指本发明化合物与相对无毒的、药学上可接受的酸或碱制备得到的盐。当本发明的化合物中含有相对酸性的功能团时,可以通过在合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的药学上可接受的碱与这类化合物的原型接触的方式获得碱加成盐。药学上可接受的碱加成盐包括但不限于:锂盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、铝盐、镁盐、锌盐、铋盐、铵盐、二乙醇胺盐。当本发明的化合物中含有相对碱性的官能团时,可以通过在合适的惰性溶剂中用足够量的药学上可接受的酸与这类化合物的原型接触的方式获得酸加成盐。所述的药学上可接受的酸包括无机酸,所述无机酸包括但不限于:盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、碳酸、磷酸、亚磷酸、硫酸等。所述的药学上可接受的酸包括有机酸,所述有机酸包括但不限于:乙酸、丙酸、草酸、异丁酸、马来酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、反丁烯二酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、异烟酸、酸式柠檬酸、油酸、单宁酸、泛酸、酒石酸氢、抗坏血酸、龙胆酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、糖酸、甲酸、乙磺酸、双羟萘酸(即4,4’-亚甲基-双(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸))、氨基酸(例如谷氨酸、精氨酸)等。当本发明的化合物中含有相对酸性和相对碱性的官能团时,可以被转换成碱加成盐或酸加成盐。具体可参见Berge et al.,"Pharmaceutical Salts",Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 66:1-19(1977)、或、Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use(P.Heinrich Stahl and Camille G.Wermuth,ed.,Wiley-VCH,2002)。
当任意变量(例如R 1)在化合物的定义中多次出现时,该变量每一位置出现的定义与其余位置出现的定义无关,它们的含义互相独立、互不影响。因此,若某基团被1个、2个或3个R 1基团取代,也就是说,该基团可能会被最多3个R 1取代,该位置R 1的定义与其余位置R 1的定义是互相独立的。另外,取代基及/或变量的组合只有在该组合产生稳定的化合物时才被允许。
在本文中定义的某些化学基团前面通过简化符号来表示该基团中存在的碳原子总数。例如,C 1-C 6烷基是指具有总共1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子的如下文所定义的烷基。简化符号中的碳原子总数不包括可能存在于所述基团的取代基中的碳。
术语“治疗”指治疗性疗法。涉及具体病症时,治疗指:(1)缓解疾病或者病症的一种或多种生物学表现,(2)干扰(a)导致或引起病症的生物级联中的一个或多个点或(b)病症的一种或多种生物学表现,(3)改善与病症相关的一种或多种症状、影响或副作用,或者与病症或其治疗相关的一种或多种症状、影响或副作用,或(4)减缓病症或者病症的一种或多种生物学表现发展。
术语“治疗有效量”是指在给予患者时,足以有效治疗本文所述的疾病或病症的化合物的量。“治疗有效量”将根据化合物、病症及其严重度、以及欲治疗患者的年龄而变化,可由本领域技术人员根据需要进行调整。
本领域技术人员可以理解,根据本领域中使用的惯例,本申请描述基团的结构式中所使用的
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000038
是指,相应的基团通过该位点与化合物中的其它片段、基团进行连接。
在不违背本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:
本发明提供了一种甲状腺激素受体激动剂、其制备方法及其应用。该类激动剂对THR-β的激动活性显著强于目前临床在研的药物MGL-3196,且对THR-α亚型的选择的也明显高于MGL-3196。在NASH疾病模型的动物实验中展现了良好的安全性、耐受性和对小鼠肝脏脂肪的降低作用以及治疗NASH的潜在疗效。
附图说明
图1为效果实施例3给药42天的动物体重变化曲线;
图2为效果实施例3总胆固醇(TCHO)水平;
图3为效果实施例3低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平;
图4为效果实施例3肝细胞气球样变评分;
图5为效果实施例3肝脏炎症评分;
图6为效果实施例3肝脏纤维化(Ishak)评分。
图7为效果实施例3肝脏NAS评分。
图8为效果实施例4给药3天动物体重变化曲线。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
实施例1:2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物1)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000039
步骤1:2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇
氮气保护下,向1,4-二氧六环(100mL)中加入2-溴苯-1,4-二醇(5.0g,26.5mmol)、碳酸钾(11.0g,79.4mol)水溶液(20mL)、异丙烯基硼酸频哪醇酯(6.67g,39.7mmol)、Pd(dppf)Cl 2(0.97g,1.32mmol)。将混合物加热升温至105℃,并在105℃搅拌5小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去1,4-二氧六环。向浓缩液中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤。有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10:1~5:1)得目标产品2.50g,收率63%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.80(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.66-6.64(m,2H),5.39(t,J=1.6Hz,1H),5.30(s,1H),5.14(s,1H),4.50(s,1H),2.09(s,3H).
步骤2:4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二氯-2-氟-5硝基苯(3.00g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物2.85g,收率59%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ8.29(s,2H),6.85(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),6.60(dd,J=8.8,3.2Hz,1H),5.46(s,1H),5.41(t,J=1.2Hz,1H),5.17(s,1H),2.08(s,3H)。
步骤3:4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(2.85g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙 酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.42g,收率93%。[M+H] +:310.1. 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.81(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.68-6.67(m,3H),6.59(dd,J=8.8,3.2Hz,1H),5.38(t,J=1.2Hz,1H),5.36(s,1H),5.15(s,1H),3.72(br s,2H),2.08(s,3H).
步骤4:(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(2.40g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.7g,收率73%。[M+H] +:477.2。
步骤5:2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)腙)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.70g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.05g,收率43%。[M-H]-:428.8.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.29(br s,1H),9.34(s,1H),7.78(s,2H),6.77(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.66(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),6.54(dd,J=8.8,3.2Hz,1H),5.10(s,2H),2.05(s,3H).
实施例2:2-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物2)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000040
步骤1:3,6-二氯-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪
将3,6-二氯哒嗪(17.6g,118mmol)、2-氟-2-甲基丙酸(25g,236mmol)加入至浓硫酸(17.4g,177mmol)和水(110mL)的混合溶液中,加热至40℃,搅拌5min;加入硝酸银(2g,11.8mmol),加热至62℃;滴加过二硫酸铵(45.8g,210mmol)和水(220mL)的混合溶液,升温至80℃反应1h。反应完毕后,反应液降温至0~15℃,滴加氨水(约80mL)调体系pH至9;加入异丙醚(200mL)萃取;萃取液用亚硫酸氢钠(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物通过 硅胶柱层析(洗脱剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)纯化,得3,6-二氯-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪(15.9g,收率64.9%)。MS(ESI)m/z:209.0[M+H] +
步骤2:3,5-二氯-4-((6-氯-5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯胺
将3,6-二氯-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪(7.8g,37.5mmol)、4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯酚(6.67g,27.5mmol)、碳酸钾(20.7g,150mmol)、CuI(4.27g,22.5mmol)加入至DMSO(78mL)中,加热升温至90℃;在90℃下搅拌17h。反应完毕后,降温至室温。向反应体系中加入水(500mL)和乙酸乙酯(500mL),静置分液;有机相用饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经硅胶柱层析纯化,得3,5-二氯-4-((6-氯-5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯胺粗品(12.5g)。MS(ESI)m/z:350.0[M+H] +
步骤3:N-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)乙酰胺
将3,5-二氯-4-((6-氯-5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯胺(12.4g,35.8mL)、乙酸钠(10.3g,125mmol)加入至冰乙酸(170mL)中,加热至100℃;在100℃下,搅拌16h。反应完毕后,反应液降温至室温,用1M氢氧化钠水溶液调体系pH值至8-9;加入乙酸乙酯(100mL)萃取,有机相用无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经硅胶柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1~2:1),得N-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)乙酰胺(2.28g,两步收率16.3%)。MS(ESI)m/z:373.1[M+H] +
步骤4 6-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮
将N-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)乙酰胺(1.0g,2.7mmol)、6N盐酸(24mL)加入至乙醇(20mL)中,加热至70℃;在70℃下搅拌2.5h。反应完毕后,将反应液降温至室温;过滤,用水淋洗滤饼,固体减压干燥,得6-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(749mg,收率:84%)。MS(ESI)m/z:331.1[M+H] +
步骤5(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙基-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
将6-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-4-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(500mg,1.51mmol)加入至4N盐酸水溶液(22.5mL)中,降温至0℃;滴加0.26N亚硝酸钠水溶液(7.5mL),滴加完毕后,继续搅拌2h;反应完毕后,过滤。在0℃下,滤液滴加至氰基乙酰氨基甲酸乙酯(236mg,1.51mmol)、吡啶(9.2mL)、水(30mL)的混合溶液中;在0℃下,搅拌1.5h;反应完毕后,过滤,滤饼分别用水(10mL)、石油醚(10mL)淋洗;滤饼减压干燥,得(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙基-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(218mg,收率29%)。MS(ESI)m/z:498.1[M+H] +
步骤6 2-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(4.8mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-((5-(2-氟丙基-2-基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-3-基)氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(254mg,0.5mmol)、乙酸钠(208mg,2.5mmol)。将混合物加热升温至120℃,并在120℃下搅拌2小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通 过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:水溶液=20%~95%),得产物55mg,收率24.2%。MS(ESI)m/z:452.0[M+H] +。H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.79(s,2H),7.50(s,1H),1.74(s,3H),1.68(s,3H).
实施例3 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(3-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-4-羟基苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物3)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000041
步骤1 4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,17.6mmol)、碳酸钠(6.66g,63mmol)、1,3-二氯-2-氟-5硝基苯(2.65g,12.6mmol)。将混合物加热至50℃,并在50℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物3.2g,收率70%。MS(ESI)m/z:361.0[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯酚(3.0g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.35g,收率85%。MS(ESI)m/z:331.1[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(3-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-4-羟基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)苯酚(2.30g,6.96mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.55g,收率72%。MS(ESI)m/z:497.4[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(3-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-4-羟基苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6- 腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(3-(2-氟丙烷-2-基)-4-羟基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.50g,5.03mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.02g,收率45%。MS(ESI)m/z:452.3[M+H] +1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.24(br s,1H),7.79(s,2H),7.08(d,1H),7.05(d,1H),6.83(dd,1H),1.70(d,3H),1.68(d,3H).
实施例4 2-(3,5-二碘-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物4)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000042
步骤1 4-(2,6-二碘-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二碘-2-氟-5硝基苯(5.62g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二碘-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物4.86g,收率65%。MS(ESI)m/z:524.1[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二碘苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二碘-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(4.38g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物3.72g,收率90%。MS(ESI)m/z:494.1[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二碘-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二碘苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(3.82g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol) 水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物3.47g,收率68%。MS(ESI)m/z:661.2[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二碘-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二碘-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(3.74g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.91g,收率55%。MS(ESI)m/z:615.1[M+H] +。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.10(br s,1H),9.50(s,1H),7.93(s,2H),7.15(m,2H),6.90(s,1H),5.10(d,2H),2.43(s,1H)。
实施例5 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物5)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000043
步骤1 4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-三氟甲基基苯-1,4-二醇(3.56g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二氯-2-氟-5硝基苯(3.00g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物3.32g,收率62%。MS(ESI)m/z:369.1[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚(3.08g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。 滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.55g,收率90%。MS(ESI)m/z:339.1[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚(2.62g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加乙基(2-氰乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.93g,收率75%。MS(ESI)m/z:506.3[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.70g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.3g,收率50%。MS(ESI)m/z:460.1[M+H] +1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.0(br s,1H),9.70(s,1H),7.80(s,2H),7.38(d,,1H),7.26(d,1H),6.84(d,1H)。
实施例6 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物6)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000044
步骤1 4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-氘代甲基苯-1,4-二醇(2.55g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二氯-2-氟-5硝基苯(3.00g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物2.95g,收率65%。MS(ESI)m/z:318.1[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚(2.66g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.24g,收率93%。MS(ESI)m/z:288.2[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-氘代甲基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚(2.22g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加乙基(2-氰乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.6g,收率75%。MS(ESI)m/z:455.3[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-氘代甲基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.70g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.04g,收率45%。MS(ESI)m/z:409.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.50(br s,1H),9.41(s,1H),7.84(s,2H),7.07(d,1H),6.99(s,1H),6.79(d,1H)。
实施例7 2-(3,5-二甲基-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物7)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000045
步骤1 4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二甲基-2-氟-5硝基苯2.42g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL), 用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二甲4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物2.99g,收率69.8%。MS(ESI)m/z:300.3[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(2.85g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.14g,收率95%。
MS(ESI)m/z:270.3[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二甲基-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(2.08g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.53g,收率75%。MS(ESI)m/z:437.5[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二甲基-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二甲基-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.47g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.05g,收率22%。MS(ESI)m/z:391.4[M+H] +1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.40(br s,1H),9.38(s,1H),7.50(s,2H),7.16(m,2H),6.91(s,1H),5.15(s,2H),2.30(s,3H),2.15(s,6H)。
实施例8 2-(3,5-二溴-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物8)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000046
步骤1 4-(2,6-二溴-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-异丙烯基苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二溴-2-氟-5硝基苯(4.28g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二溴-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物3.68g,收率60%。MS(ESI)m/z:430.1[M+H] +
步骤2 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二溴苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二溴-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(3.59g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物3.18g,收率95%。MS(ESI)m/z:400.1[M+H] +
步骤3(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二溴-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二溴苯氧基)-2-(异丙烯基)苯酚(3.09g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物3.24g,收率74%。MS(ESI)m/z:567.2[M+H] +
步骤4 2-(3,5-二溴-4-(4-羟基-3-(异丙烯基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二溴-4-(4-羟基-3-异丙烯基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(3.20g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制 备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.32g,收率45%。MS(ESI)m/z:521.1[M+H] +。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.35(br s,1H),9.45(s,1H),7.77(s,2H),7.14(m,2H),6.91(s,1H),5.10(s,2H),2.35(s,3H)。
实施例9 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物9)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000047
步骤1(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲醇
向四氢呋喃(80mL)中加入2-溴-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(2.83g,12.3mmol),降温至-70℃;向上述混合液中滴加正丁基锂(10mL,24.5mmol),保温搅拌20min;将4-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲醛(3.0g,14.7mmol)、四氢呋喃(20mL)混合液滴加至上述反应液中,在-70℃搅拌60min。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液(300mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(150mL*2)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:10-95%(%B)),得产物2.84g,收率65%。MS(ESI)m/z:336.3[M+H] +
步骤2 2-(4-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯
向二氯甲烷(40mL)中加入(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲醇(2.75g,7.74mmol)、三氟乙酸(10mL);室温下,滴加三乙基硅烷(20mL)至上述混合液中;室温反应过夜。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,二氯甲烷(300mL*2)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(250mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-85%(%B)),得产物1.58g,收率60%。MS(ESI)m/z:340.3[M+H] +
步骤3 4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚
将2-(4-甲氧基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(1.41g,4.15mmol)和吡啶盐酸盐(17.0g)于160℃搅拌16h。反应完毕后,降温至室温;加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)、水(200mL),搅拌30min;分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(100mL)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-75%(%B)),得产物945mg,收率70%。MS(ESI)m/z:326.3[M+H] +
步骤4 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(三氟甲基) 苯酚(2.73g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.30g,收率93%。MS(ESI)m/z:296.3[M+H] +
步骤5(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚(2.29g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.68g,收率75%。MS(ESI)m/z:463.4[M+H] +
步骤6 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(三氟甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.62g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.18g,收率50%。MS(ESI)m/z:417.4[M+H] +1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.95(br s,1H),9.50(s,1H),7.42(s,2H),7.32(d,1H),7.08(d,1H),6.76(d1H),3.96(s,2H),2.18(s,6H).
实施例10 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物10)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000048
步骤1(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-甲氧基-3-(氘代甲基)苯基)甲醇
向四氢呋喃(80mL)中加入2-溴-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(2.83g,12.3mmol),降温至-70℃;向上述混合液中滴加正丁基锂(10mL,24.5mmol),保温搅拌20min;将4-甲氧基-3-(氘代甲基)苯甲醛(2.25g,14.7mmol)、四氢呋喃(20mL)混合液滴加至上述反应液中,在-70℃搅拌60min。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液(300mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(150mL*2)萃取;合并有机相, 有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:10-95%(%B)),得产物2.55g,收率68%。MS(ESI)m/z:305.4[M+H] +
步骤2 2-(4-甲氧基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯
向二氯甲烷(40mL)中加入(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-甲氧基-3-(氘代甲基)苯基)甲醇(2.36g,7.74mmol)、三氟乙酸(10mL);室温下,滴加三乙基硅烷(20mL)至上述混合液中;室温反应过夜。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,二氯甲烷(300mL*2)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(250mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-85%(%B)),得产物1.45g,收率65%。MS(ESI)m/z:289.4[M+H] +
步骤3 4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚
将2-(4-甲氧基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(1.20g,4.15mmol)和吡啶盐酸盐(17.0g)于160℃搅拌16h。反应完毕后,降温至室温;加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)、水(200mL),搅拌30min;分液,水相用乙酸乙酯(100mL)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-75%(%B)),得产物910mg,收率80%。MS(ESI)m/z:275.3[M+H] +
步骤4 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚(2.3g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物1.95g,收率95%。MS(ESI)m/z:245.3[M+H] +
步骤5(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(氘代甲基)苯酚(1.90g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.42g,收率76%。MS(ESI)m/z:412.5[M+H] +
步骤6 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(氘代甲基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基 苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.33g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.1g,收率53%。MS(ESI)m/z:366.4[M+H] +1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.87(br s,1H),9.26(s,1H),7.42(s,2H),6.93(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),6.71(d,1H),3.96(s,2H),2.10(s,6H).
实施例11:2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物11)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000049
步骤1:4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚
向乙腈(50mL)中加入2-烯丙基苯-1,4-二醇(3.00g,20.0mmol)、碳酸钠(7.57g,71.4mmol)、1,3-二氯-2-氟-5硝基苯(3.00g,14.3mmol)。将混合物加热至48℃,并在48℃搅拌8小时。反应完全后,将反应液降温至室温,减压浓缩除去乙腈。向浓缩物中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(50mL),用10%HCl水溶液调pH至2~3。混合物用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚粗品。粗品经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20:1~15:1)得产物2.85g,收率59%。[M+H] +:340.0。
步骤2:4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯氧基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚(2.85g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.42g,收率93%。[M+H] +:310.1.
步骤3:(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-烯丙基苯氧基)苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二氯苯氧基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚(2.40g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰氨基甲酸乙 酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.7g,收率73%。[M+H] +:477.1。
步骤4:2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苯氧基)苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(3,5-二氯-4-(4-羟基-3-烯丙基苯氧基)苯基)腙)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.70g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.05g,收率43%。[M-H]-:431.0.
实施例12 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈(化合物12)
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000050
步骤1(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-烯丙氧基苯基)甲醇
向四氢呋喃(80mL)中加入2-溴-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(2.83g,12.3mmol),降温至-70℃;向上述混合液中滴加正丁基锂(10mL,24.5mmol),保温搅拌20min;将4-烯丙氧基-苯甲醛(3.0g,14.7mmol)、四氢呋喃(20mL)混合液滴加至上述反应液中,在-70℃搅拌60min。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液(300mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(150mL*2)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:10-95%(%B)),得产物2.84g,收率65%。MS(ESI)m/z:314.1[M+H] +
步骤2 2-(4-烯丙氧基)苄基-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯
向二氯甲烷(40mL)中加入(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苯基)(4-烯丙氧基苯基)甲醇(2.75g,7.74mmol)、三氟乙酸(10mL);室温下,滴加三乙基硅烷(20mL)至上述混合液中;室温反应过夜。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,二氯甲烷(300mL*2)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(250mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-85%(%B)),得产物1.58g,收率60%。MS(ESI)m/z:298.2[M+H] +
步骤3 4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚
将2-(4-烯丙氧基)苄基-1,3-二甲基-5-硝基苯(1.41g,4.15mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,加 入二乙基氯化铝(1.2eq),室温下搅拌3h;加水(5mL)淬灭,搅拌30min;分液,水相用二氯甲烷(100mL)萃取;合并有机相,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥;过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干;浓缩物经反相制备液相纯化(流动相A:水,流动相B:乙腈,梯度:5-75%(%B)),得产物945mg,收率70%。MS(ESI)m/z:298.2[M+H] +
步骤4 4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚
向反应瓶中加入四氢呋喃(20mL)、无水甲醇(20mL)、4-(2,6-二甲基-4-硝基苄基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯酚(2.73g,8.38mmol)、氯化铵(4.48g,83.8mmol)水溶液(20mL)、铁粉(2.82g,50.3mmol)。将混合物加热至70℃,并在70℃下搅拌3小时。反应完全后,反应液降温至室温。向反应液中加入水(50mL)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(30mL)、乙酸乙酯(50mL),搅拌10分钟后过滤。滤液用乙酸乙酯(20mL×3)萃取,合并有机相。有机相用饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤,然后无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤。滤液减压浓缩至干,得产物2.30g,收率93%。MS(ESI)m/z:268.2[M+H] +
步骤5(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯
向反应瓶中加入无水乙醇(30mL),6M盐酸水溶液(40mL),4-(4-氨基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-2-(烯丙基)苯酚(2.29g,7.74mmol)。将混合物降温至5℃,向混合物中滴加亚硝酸钠(534mg,7.74mmol)水溶液(3mL)。滴加完毕后,混合物在0~5℃继续搅拌30min。向反应液中滴加氰基乙酰基氨基甲酸乙酯(1.12g,7.74mmol)的吡啶(30mL)、水(40mL)溶液,混合物在5℃下搅拌2h。反应完全后,向反应液中加入水(30mL)。过滤,滤饼用水(10mL×3)淋洗。滤饼减压干燥,得产物2.68g,收率75%。MS(ESI)m/z:435.2[M+H] +
步骤6 2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,5-二氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-腈
向反应瓶中加入冰乙酸(30mL)、(2-氰基-2-(2-(4-(4-羟基-3-(烯丙基)苄基)-3,5-二甲基苯基)亚肼基)乙酰基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.62g,5.66mmol)、乙酸钠(928mg,11.3mmol)。将混合物加热升温至118℃,并在118℃下搅拌3小时。反应液降温至60℃,减压浓缩至干。浓缩物通过C18柱制备液相纯化(流动相:乙腈:0.1%碳酸氢铵水溶液=20%~80%),得产物1.18g,收率50%。MS(ESI)m/z:389.2[M+H] +。效果实施例
效果实施例1:TR-FRET(时间分辨荧光共振能量转移)甲状腺受体共激活试验
实验方法:
(1)通过向TR-FRET Coregulator Buffer C(购买于Thermofisher公司)中加入1M DTT(二硫苏糖醇),制备完整的TR-FRET Coregulator Buffer C,终浓度为5mM DTT。
(2)待测化合物,每孔加100nL,浓度为200X。如果是对照组,加100nL的DMSO。
(3)每孔中加入10μL的完整的TR-FRET Coregulator Buffer C。
(4)使用预冷的Complete TR-fret Coregulator Buffer C准备4X的TR-LBD(甲状腺激素配体结合域)。
(5)向实验板中加入5μL的4X的TR-LBD。使用完整的TR-FRET Coregulator Buffer C在室温下准备含有0.4μM的荧光酶-SRC2-2(购买于Thermofisher公司)(4倍)和8nM的Tb anti-GST(购买于Thermofisher公司)(4倍)的溶液。在实验板上加入5μL的4X肽/4X抗体溶液(购买于Thermofisher公司)。
(6)将384孔板在摇板机上轻轻混合,在室温下避光孵育2h。使用仪器设置,波长为520nm和495nm,具体参数设置如下:
激发波长 340nm滤光片(30nm带宽)
发射波长 520nm滤光片(25nm带宽)
发射波长 490nm或495nm滤光片(10nm带宽)
滞后时间 100μs
积分时间 200μs
受试化合物:甲状腺素T3(阳性对照)、MGL3196(阳性化合物),本发明实施例化合物。
实验结果:
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000051
结果显示,本发明中的化合物1和3对TRα和TRβ均显示出了激动活性,已经接近阳性对照T3,对TRβ的激动效应已经达到T3激动效应的90%以上。两个化合物对TRα和TRβ的EC50值和激动效应也均明显高于化合物MGL3196。
效果实施例2:基于HEK293/TRβ-luc细胞的荧光酶素功能性测试
(1)准备复合板,检测板的每孔加125nL的HEK293/TRβ-luc细胞。用计数法测定细胞密度,并用完整培养基稀释细胞悬液,细胞密度4×10 5/mL。
(2)将每孔25uL细胞分入含待测化合物的检测板中,在37℃和5%CO 2环境下孵育24h。
(3)每孔加入25uL的Steady-Glo(Promega公司)。
(4)以2000RPM离心2分钟以消除气泡。
(5)室温下孵育10分钟,用Envision(Envision 2105型号,PerkinElmer公司)读板。
受试化合物:甲状腺素T3(阳性对照)、MGL3196(阳性对照),受试实施例化合物。
实验结果:
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-000053
结果显示,本发明中的化合物1对TRα和TRβ均显示出了激动活性,EC50值明显高于化合物MGL3196,对TRβ细胞的选择性为TRα细胞的22.2倍,也显著高于MGL3196。
效果实施例3:NASH动物模型药效与安全性测试
C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,自6周龄开始,连续饲以CDAA-HFD饮食(胆碱缺乏性左旋氨基酸高脂饮食),6周后(42天)造模成功。该模型通过VLDL(极低密度脂蛋白)损害肝脏甘油三酸酯分泌,小鼠血清ALT和AST升高,在3周内出现脂肪变性和炎症,肝纤维化发生在5-6周。该模型在24周内发展为肝硬化、门静脉高压和肝功能衰竭。CDAA-HFD饮食可在短期内诱导肝脂肪变性和纤维化,且没有肥胖、高血糖症和高甘油三酯血症等代谢综合征的特征,对于NASH疾病研究项目而言具有很强的参考意义。本案中以此CDAA-HFD模型模拟NASH的病理过程和生理状态,测试化合物对于早中期NASH的治疗效果。
具体实施方案:
1.分组及给药方案:组别 动物数 剂量(mg/kg,mpk) 给药方式
正常对照组(常规饲料) 12 PBS p.o.q.d,42days
模型组(CDAA-HFD) 16 PBS p.o.q.d,42days
非诺贝特组 12 100 p.o.q.d,42days
MGL-3196组 6 3.0 p.o.q.d,42days
化合物1组 6 3.0 p.o.q.d,42days
注:p.o,口服(灌胃)给药;q.d每天一次。
自造模成功第42天起进行分组,然后按给药方案进行42天的给药。
药物配制:各给药组称取适量样品粉末,置于5mL离心管中,加入适量0.5%MC,涡旋震荡混匀,配制成相应浓度的溶液,现用现配。
每次给药时观察动物状态,并记录;如果动物发生死亡,对动物进行大体解剖,肉眼观察内脏有无异常,并记录。实验期间,每周测量2次动物体重。给药42天的动物体重曲线见图1。
2.病理学评分
在相应的时间点对所有小鼠进行称重后,用浓度升高的二氧化碳对其实施安乐死。心脏穿刺取血,7000转离心10min后取血浆,立即置于干冰上,转至-80℃贮存。后续进行血生化指标检测,包括TCHO(总胆固醇)、LDL(低密度脂蛋白)等。
取肝脏,测量重量,切取部分肝脏(每个动物的相同位置)固定在4%的多聚甲醛中,用于组织病理学分析(H-E染色和天狼星红染色):肝脏脂肪和炎症细胞浸润程度、纤维化和NAS评分(NAS 评分系统参考中华医学会《非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南》(2010年修订版),Ishak评分系统参考Journal of Hepatology 47(2007)598–607,Grading and staging systems for inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases.))。
3.统计分析
数据以平均值+SEM表示。组间差异的统计学分析采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA),然后用SPSS统计软件进行Dunnett检验,P值小于0.05表示两组数据间有统计学意义。在本案图表中,*表示P<0.05;**表示P<0.01;***表示P<0.001。
4.实验结果
4.1化合物1的降脂效果
TCHO(总胆固醇)如图2所示,LDL(低密度脂蛋白)如图3所示。化合物1对比正常饮食组、模型组和非诺贝特组均有显著性下降,证实了化合物1作为THR-beta抑制剂可有效降低肝脏脂肪。
4.2化合物1的肝细胞气球样变及炎症评分
肝细胞气球样变可以指示肝脏脂肪堆积的严重程度。如图4所示,化合物1可显著降低肝细胞气球样变分值。NASH的另一个主要指标为肝脏炎症细胞浸润程度。如图5所示,化合物1显示了良好的抑制和逆转肝脏炎症的效果,提示化合物1有治疗NASH的潜力。
4.3化合物1的纤维化及NAS评分
肝脏纤维化评分如图6所示,NAS评分如图7所示,化合物1显著改善了肝脏NAS评分及纤维化程度。
采用上述相同的方法测试化合物2的降脂效果,化合物2对比正常饮食组、模型组和非诺贝特组均有显著性下降,证实了化合物2作为THR-beta抑制剂可有效降低肝脏脂肪。采用上述相同的方法测试化合物2的肝细胞气球样变及炎症评分,化合物2也显示了良好的抑制和逆转肝脏炎症的效果。
效果实施例4:最大耐受剂量测试
C57BL/6J小鼠,24只,雌雄各半,单次经口灌胃给予30、100、300mg/kg的化合物1,溶媒为0.1%tween80+0.5%MC水溶液。给药后记录临床症状及体重,每天一次,连续3天。第4天实施安乐死,收集血液进行血液学、血生化检测。
体重结果如图8所示,小鼠对化合物1耐受性良好,实验期间体重及临床症状未见明显异常。血液学、血生化结果也未见异常。最大耐受量(MTD)>300mg/kg。该实验结果提示化合物1具有良好的安全性。
效果实施例5:hERG测试
采用全自动膜片钳QPatch技术,测试化合物1对CHO细胞hERG钾电流的抑制作用。
具体实施方案:
1.细胞准备
CHO-hERG细胞培养于175cm2培养瓶中,待细胞密度生长到60~80%,移走培养液,用7mL PBS(Phosphate Buffered Saline磷酸盐缓冲液)洗一遍,然后加入3mL Detachin消化。待消化 完全后加入7mL培养液中和,然后离心,吸走上清液,再加入5mL培养液重悬,以确保细胞密度为2~5×106/mL。
2.电生理记录过程
单细胞高阻抗封接和全细胞模式形成过程全部由Qpatch仪器自动完成,在获得全细胞记录模式后,细胞钳制在-80毫伏,在给予一个5秒的+40毫伏去极化刺激前,先给予一个50毫秒的-50毫伏前置电压,然后复极化到-50毫伏维持5秒,再回到-80毫伏。每15秒施加此电压刺激,记录2分钟后给予细胞外液记录5分钟,然后开始给药过程。化合物1最高测试浓度为40.00μM,共6个浓度,依次分别为40.00、13.33、4.44、1.48、0.49、0.16μM。最终测试浓度中的DMSO含量不超过0.2%,此浓度的DMSO对hERG钾通道没有影响。化合物浓度从最低测试浓度开始,每个测试浓度给予2.5分钟,连续给完所有浓度后,给予阳性对照化合物Cisapride。每个浓度至少测试3个细胞(n≥3)。
3.数据分析
实验数据由GraphPad Prism 5.0软件进行分析。
4.实验结果
化合物 最大测试浓度(μM) 最大浓度抑制率(%) IC50(μM)
Cisapride 3 98.9 0.023
化合物1 13.3 20.7 >13.3
注:化合物1在40μM浓度时细胞无法维持正常封接,该浓度下的数据未纳入统计。
结果显示,化合物1对CHO细胞hERG钾电流影响小,提示其存在心脏安全性问题可能性较小。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,其结构如下所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100001
    其中,A为O或CH 2
    M为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100002
    X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘、“I的同位素 124I或 131I”或C 1~C 6烷基;
    R 1为氢、C 1~C 6烷基、C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”;
    R 2为C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘或CH 3
    和/或,R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或”一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”;
    和/或,R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,当R 1为C 2~C 6烯基时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100004
    例如为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100005
    和/或,当R 1为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基,优选为异丙基;
    和/或,当R 1为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100007
    和/或,当R 1为“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100008
    和/或,当R 1为“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100010
    和/或,当R 1为“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100012
    所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个;
    和/或,当R 2为C 2~C 6烯基时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100014
    例如
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100015
    和/或,当R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100017
    和/或,当R 2为“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个,优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100018
    和/或,当R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100020
    所述的“一个 或多个”为1个或3个;
    和/或,当R 2为“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”时,所述的C 2~C 6烯基为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100022
    所述的“一个或多个”为1个或3个;
    和/或,当X为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;优选为甲基;
    和/或,当Y为C 1~C 6烷基时,所述的C 1~C 6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基;优选为甲基。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,其定义如下任一方案所述:
    方案1
    其中,A为O或CH 2
    X和Y独立地为氯、溴、碘或C 1~C 6烷基;
    M为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100023
    R 1为氢、C 1~C 6烷基、C 2~C 6烯基、“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”、“一个或多个氟取代的C 2~C 6烯基”、“一个或多个氘取代的C 1~C 6烷基”或“一个或多个氘取代的C 2~C 6烯基”;
    或者,M为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100024
    R 2为“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”;
    方案2
    其中,A为O;X和Y独立地为氯、溴或碘;M为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100025
    R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或“一个或多个氟取代的C 1~C 6烷基”;
    方案3
    其中,A为O,X和Y独立地为氯或溴;M为
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100026
    R 1为C 2~C 6烯基或“一个氟取代的C 1~C 6 烷基”。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R 1
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100027
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100028
    和/或,
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100029
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100030
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100031
    较佳地,所述的如式I所示化合物为如下任一化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100032
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100033
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100034
  6. 一种如式I所示化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱存在下,将如式II-a所示的化合物进行如下所示的关环反应,得到如式I所示的化合物,即可;其中,M、X、Y和A的定义如权利要求1-5中任一项所述,R 6为C 1-C 6烷基;
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100035
  7. 一种如式II-a所示化合物,其中,M、A、X和Y的定义如权利要求1-5中任一项所述;R 6的定义如权利要求6所述;
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100036
    较佳地,所述的如式II-a所示化合物为如下任一化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022079388-appb-100037
  8. 一种药物组合物,其特征在于,其包括物质A和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体;所述的物质A为如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
  9. 一种物质B在制备THR-β的激动剂中的应用,所述的物质B为如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或如权利要求8所述的药物组合物。
  10. 一种物质B在制备用于治疗和/或预防与THR-β的相关疾病的药物中的应用;所述的物质B为如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的如式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,或如权利要求8所述的药物组合物;较佳地,所述疾病为非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肥胖、肝纤维化、2型糖尿病和原发性高胆固醇血症中的一种或多种。
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