WO2022176968A1 - 空気処理装置 - Google Patents
空気処理装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022176968A1 WO2022176968A1 PCT/JP2022/006517 JP2022006517W WO2022176968A1 WO 2022176968 A1 WO2022176968 A1 WO 2022176968A1 JP 2022006517 W JP2022006517 W JP 2022006517W WO 2022176968 A1 WO2022176968 A1 WO 2022176968A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- water
- heat exchanger
- treatment device
- humidification element
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/117—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering
- F24F8/125—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering using wet filter elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
- B01D45/10—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators which are wetted
-
- B01J35/39—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
- F24F8/167—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/95—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2273/00—Operation of filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2273/30—Means for generating a circulation of a fluid in a filtration system, e.g. using a pump or a fan
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Definitions
- an air conditioner that includes a filter through which air flowing to a heat exchanger passes.
- minute substances of 1 ⁇ m or less (bacteria, viruses, allergens and particles) contained in air introduced from outdoors to indoors or air circulating from indoors to indoors and flowing to the heat exchanger , etc.) may not be sufficiently collected, and minute substances may be sent indoors.
- the air treatment device of the first aspect comprises a heat exchanger and a first collection member.
- the heat exchanger exchanges heat between the fluid flowing through the first flow path and the air flowing through the second flow path.
- the first collecting member is arranged upstream of the air flowing through the second flow path from the heat exchanger, and collects substances contained in the air flowing to the heat exchanger.
- the first collection member has a surface on which water flows or a surface on which water is retained.
- the minute substances contained in the outdoor or indoor air are collected by the first collecting member on the upstream side of the heat exchanger, thereby suppressing the minute substances from being sent indoors. be done.
- the air treatment device of the second aspect is the air treatment device of the first aspect, further comprising a third flow path.
- the third channel supplies water at a predetermined temperature to the first collection member.
- the air treatment device of the second aspect by supplying water at a predetermined temperature to the first collection member, the inactivation of minute substances collected by the first collection member is promoted.
- the air treatment device of the third aspect is the air treatment device of the first aspect or the second aspect, further comprising a fourth flow path.
- the fourth channel discharges water flowing on the surface of the first collection member or water retained on the surface of the first collection member.
- the first collecting member since the water containing the minute substances collected by the first collecting member is discharged, the first collecting member is kept clean.
- the air treatment device of the fourth aspect is the air treatment device of any one of the first to third aspects, further comprising a second collection member.
- the second collection member is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger in the flow of air flowing through the second flow path, and collects substances contained in the air flowing from the heat exchanger.
- the second collection member has a surface on which water flows or a surface on which water is retained.
- the minute substances contained in the outdoor or indoor air are collected downstream of the heat exchanger by the second collection member, thereby suppressing the minute substances from being sent indoors. be done.
- the air treatment device of the fifth aspect is the air treatment device of the fourth aspect, further comprising a fifth flow path.
- the fifth channel supplies water at a predetermined temperature to at least one of the first collection member and the second collection member.
- An air treatment device is the air treatment device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising a filter having a lower ventilation resistance than the first collection member.
- the filter collects minute substances that are difficult for the first collecting member to collect.
- the air treatment device is the air treatment device according to the sixth aspect, wherein the filter is disposed between the first collection member and the heat exchanger in the direction of air flow through the second flow path. placed.
- the filter collects minute substances that have passed through the first collection member.
- the air treatment device of the eighth aspect is the air treatment device of any one of the first to seventh aspects, and supplies the first collection member with water heat-exchanged with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle.
- the temperature of the air sent indoors is adjusted by supplying the first collection member with water that has been heat-exchanged with the refrigerant and cooled.
- An air treatment device is the air treatment device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein the first collection member is a flow path through which the air passing through the first collection member flows. , forming a sixth flow path that is not parallel to the direction of air flow through the second flow path.
- the air passing through the first collection member easily collides with the first collection member, the effect of the first collection member on collecting minute substances is enhanced.
- An air treatment device is the air treatment device according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein water flowing on the surface of the first collection member or water retained on the surface of the first collection member The water in which it is stored contains components that inactivate the substance.
- the first collection member is kept clean.
- An air treatment device is the air treatment device according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the first collection member contains a component that is difficult to dissolve in water and that inactivates substances. carry.
- the first collection member is kept clean.
- An air treatment device is the air treatment device according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein the first collection member generates a component that deactivates substances when irradiated with light. It supports a photocatalyst that
- the first collection member is kept clean.
- the air treatment device of the thirteenth aspect is the air treatment device of any one of the first to twelfth aspects, and the first collection member is configured to be replaceable.
- an appropriate first collection member can be used according to the type of substance to be collected.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 101.
- FIG. 3 is a top view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 102.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 102.
- FIG. Fig. 10 is a top view showing the internal structure of an indoor unit 102 in modification B;
- Fig. 11 is a side view showing the internal structure of an indoor unit 102 in modification B;
- Fig. 10 is a top view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 102 in modification C;
- Fig. 11 is a side view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 102 in modification C;
- It is a schematic diagram of the first humidification element 23 seen from the direction along the air flow path 42 in the modified example D.
- FIG. 10 is a top view showing the internal structure of an indoor unit 102 in modification B
- Fig. 11 is a side view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 102 in modification C
- It is a schematic diagram of the
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first water absorbing member 23a viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 8 in modification D;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second water absorbing member 23b viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 8 in modification D;
- 10 is a top view showing the internal structure of an air handling unit 202 in Modification J.
- FIG. 14 is a side view showing the internal structure of an air handling unit 202 in Modified Example J.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first water absorbing member 23a viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 8 in Modification N;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second water absorbing member 23b viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 8 in modification N;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first water absorbing member 23a or a second water absorbing member 23b viewed from the direction of arrow V in FIG. 8 in modification N; It is a figure showing the
- the air conditioner 101 has an indoor unit 102 installed inside a building and an outdoor unit 103 installed outdoors.
- the indoor unit 102 is installed, for example, in the space behind the ceiling of the target space.
- the target space is a space whose temperature is adjusted at least by the air conditioner 101 .
- the target space is, for example, an indoor space of a building.
- the indoor unit 102 and the outdoor unit 103 are connected to each other via a refrigerant pipe 104, thereby forming a refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 101.
- the air conditioner 101 has a vapor compression refrigeration cycle for performing cooling operation, heating operation, and the like in the target space.
- An air treatment device according to the present disclosure corresponds to the indoor unit 102 .
- the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner 101 mainly includes an indoor heat exchanger 21, a compressor 31, a four-way switching valve 32, an accumulator 33, an outdoor heat exchanger 34, an expansion It is composed of a valve 35 , a liquid-side shut-off valve 37 and a gas-side shut-off valve 38 .
- Air conditioner 101 further includes indoor fan 22 and outdoor fan 39 .
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the indoor fan 22 are provided inside the indoor unit 102 .
- the compressor 31, the four-way switching valve 32, the accumulator 33, the outdoor heat exchanger 34, the expansion valve 35, the liquid-side shutoff valve 37, the gas-side shutoff valve 38, and the outdoor fan 39 are provided inside the outdoor unit 103.
- the flow of refrigerant during cooling operation is indicated by solid arrows
- the flow of refrigerant during heating operation is indicated by dotted arrows.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 has heat transfer tubes and fins attached to the heat transfer tubes.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tubes and the air passing through the fins.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a heat absorber (evaporator) during cooling operation to cool the air passing through the fins.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a radiator (condenser) during heating operation and heats the air passing through the fins.
- the compressor 31 compresses gaseous refrigerant fed from the accumulator 33 .
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 31 is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 34 during cooling operation, and sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21 during heating operation.
- the four-way switching valve 32 is a mechanism for switching between the refrigerant circuit during cooling operation and the refrigerant circuit during heating operation.
- the accumulator 33 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 31 and performs gas-liquid separation of the refrigerant before being sucked into the compressor 31 .
- the outdoor heat exchanger 34 has heat transfer tubes and fins attached to the heat transfer tubes.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tubes and the air passing through the fins.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 34 functions as a radiator (condenser) during cooling operation, and functions as a heat absorber (evaporator) during heating operation.
- the expansion valve 35 is provided at a position through which the refrigerant discharged from the radiator passes before being sucked into the heat absorber.
- the expansion valve 35 reduces the pressure of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the radiator to a state where it can easily evaporate in the heat absorber.
- the liquid side stop valve 37 is provided between the expansion valve 35 and the refrigerant pipe 104 .
- the gas side shutoff valve 38 is provided between the four-way switching valve 32 and the refrigerant pipe 104 .
- the outdoor fan 39 discharges the air heat-exchanged in the outdoor heat exchanger 34 from the outdoor unit 103 .
- the outdoor fan 39 is driven by an outdoor fan motor 39a.
- the indoor unit 102 takes in the outdoor air OA and the indoor air RA, passes them through the first humidifying element 23 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 in this order, and supplies them to the target space as supply air SA.
- the outdoor air OA is the air that is introduced indoors from the outdoors.
- the indoor air RA is air that circulates from indoors to indoors.
- the supply air SA is air whose temperature has been adjusted at least by the air conditioner 101 .
- (2-1) Casing 16 The casing 16 is installed in the space behind the ceiling of the target space.
- the casing 16 has a cuboid shape.
- Indoor heat exchanger 21 , indoor fan 22 , first humidification element 23 and drain pan 24 are provided inside casing 16 .
- the casing 16 has a first opening 16a for taking in the outdoor air OA from the outdoors, a second opening 16b for taking in the indoor air RA from the target space, and a third opening 16c for supplying the supply air SA to the target space. and
- the third opening 16c of the casing 16 opens at the height position of the ceiling of the target space.
- an air flow path 42 is formed in the internal space of the casing 16 from the first opening 16a and the second opening 16b toward the third opening 16c. In the air flow path 42, the outdoor air OA taken in through the first opening 16a and the indoor air RA taken in through the second opening 16b join and flow toward the third opening 16c.
- An electric component box is provided inside the casing 16 .
- the electric component box houses a control section, which is a microcomputer for controlling each component of the indoor unit 102 .
- a control target of the control unit is, for example, an indoor fan motor 22a that drives the indoor fan 22 .
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 is arranged in the air flow path 42 inside the casing 16 .
- the air flowing through the air flow path 42 (second flow path) is the refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant flow path 41 (first flow path) inside the heat transfer tubes of the indoor heat exchanger 21 when passing through the indoor heat exchanger 21. heat is exchanged with In other words, the indoor heat exchanger 21 exchanges heat between the fluid flowing through the refrigerant channel 41 and the air flowing through the air channel 42 . Air flowing through the air flow path 42 is heated or cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the indoor fan 22 is arranged inside the casing 16 .
- the indoor fan 22 is arranged downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the flow of air flowing through the air flow path 42 .
- the indoor fan 22 is arranged near the third opening 16c.
- the indoor fan 22 is driven by an indoor fan motor 22a to take in the outdoor air OA and the indoor air RA into the casing 16 and supply the supply air SA to the target space. In other words, by driving the indoor fan 22 , an air flow that flows through the air flow path 42 is formed in the internal space of the casing 16 .
- the first humidification element 23 is arranged in the air flow path 42 inside the casing 16 .
- the first humidification element 23 is arranged on the upstream side of the flow of air flowing through the air flow path 42 relative to the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the first humidification element 23 has a structure in which a plurality of water absorbing members are combined.
- the water absorbing member is, for example, porous ceramics and non-woven fabric.
- the water absorbing member has a shape such as a lattice shape, a corrugated plate shape, or a honeycomb shape.
- the first humidification element 23 has water absorption, water retention and ventilation properties due to the gaps formed between the combined water absorption members and the porous structure of the water absorption members.
- the first humidification element 23 During operation of the air conditioner 101, water is supplied to the first humidification element 23 from a water supply source (not shown) through the first water supply flow path 43 (third flow path).
- the water supply source is, for example, a water tank installed inside or outside the indoor unit 102, or a water supply in the building.
- water is supplied from above to the first humidifying element 23 from the first water supply use channel 43, so that the water absorbing member of the first humidifying element 23 absorbs and holds the water.
- the water retained in the water absorbing member flows downward due to gravity and finally flows out of the first humidifying element 23 .
- the first humidification element 23 has a surface on which water flows or a surface on which water is retained.
- the air passing through the first humidification element 23 vaporizes the water held by the water absorbing member of the first humidification element 23 . Thereby, the air flowing through the air flow path 42 is humidified by passing through the first humidification element 23 .
- the air that has passed through the first humidification element 23 flows toward the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the outdoor air OA and the indoor air RA taken into the casing 16 merge.
- the merged air then passes through the first humidification element 23 .
- the air that has passed through the first humidification element 23 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 21 is supplied from the inside of the casing 16 to the target space as supply air SA.
- the supply air SA is air humidified by the first humidification element 23 and temperature-controlled by the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the first humidification element 23 collects the collection target substances contained in the air passing through the first humidification element 23 .
- the substance to be collected is a minute substance (corresponding to the “substance” in claim 1) that, when supplied to the target space together with the supply air SA, may adversely affect humans or animals in the target space. ).
- the size of the minute substance is, for example, 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the substances to be collected are, for example, infectious substances, allergens, and particulate matter. Infectious agents include pathogens. Pathogens are microorganisms (eg, bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi) and other substances, including non-living organisms (eg, prions), that can cause disease in humans or animals.
- Allergens are substances that cause allergic symptoms in humans, such as house dust and pollen.
- Particulate matter is fine particles of solids and liquids, such as soot, dust and exhaust gases.
- the substance to be collected contained in the air flowing through the air flow path 42 comes into contact with the water held by the water absorbing member of the first humidification element 23, and is collected by being mixed with the water held by the water absorbing member. be done.
- the substance to be collected collected by the first humidification element 23 is retained by the water absorbing member or flows out from the first humidifying element 23 together with the water flowing downward through the water absorbing member.
- Drain pan 24 As shown in FIG. 3, the drain pan 24 is arranged below the first humidification element 23 .
- the drain pan 24 is a container that receives water flowing out from the first humidification element 23 .
- Casing 16 may have an access opening for removing drain pan 24 from the interior of casing 16 . In this case, the inspection and cleaning of the first humidification element 23 and the drain pan 24 can be easily performed by removing the drain pan 24 from the inspection opening.
- the drain pan 24 may be arranged below both the first humidification element 23 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the drain pan 24 can further receive water that adheres to the indoor heat exchanger 21 and drops from the lower end of the indoor heat exchanger 21 during the cooling operation.
- a drain port 24a is formed in the lower portion of the drain pan 24 for discharging water accumulated in the drain pan 24.
- the drain port 24a is connected to a drain channel 44 (fourth channel) for sending water accumulated in the drain pan 24 to the outdoors or the like.
- the indoor unit 102 may have a pump for discharging the water accumulated in the drain pan 24 to the outdoors instead of the drain port 24a of the drain pan 24 or together with the drain port 24a.
- the first humidifying element 23 of the indoor unit 102 collects the substances to be collected contained in the outdoor air OA and the indoor air RA on the upstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the air flow path 42 . Since the collection target substance is collected by the first humidification element 23, the indoor unit 102 can suppress the supply air SA containing the collection target substance from being sent to the target space.
- the indoor unit 102 can suppress contamination of the indoor heat exchanger 21 , and can suppress a decrease in heat exchange efficiency due to adherence of the substance to be collected to the indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the indoor unit 102 can keep the first humidification element 23 clean by supplying the first humidification element 23 with clean water containing no substance to be collected.
- the indoor unit 102 of the embodiment may supply water of a predetermined temperature to the first humidification element 23 from the water supply source via the first water supply flow path 43 .
- the indoor unit 102 supplies water at a predetermined temperature to the first humidification element 23, thereby promoting deactivation of the substance to be collected that has been collected by the first humidification element 23.
- the temperature of the supply air SA that passes through the first humidification element 23 and is sent to the target space can be adjusted.
- water at a predetermined temperature is water at a temperature at which the growth of microorganisms is suppressed in the first humidification element 23 or at a temperature at which microorganisms are killed.
- the predetermined temperature is, for example, 45° C. or higher.
- the water at a predetermined temperature supplied to the first humidification element 23 is water heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerating cycle of the air conditioner 101, which is supplied from an external water supply source.
- the water of a predetermined temperature supplied to the first humidification element 23 is made by contacting the tap water with the refrigerant piping through which the refrigerant flows after passing through the radiator (condenser) and exchanging heat with the refrigerant. Heated water may be used.
- tap water that has been heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant immediately before passing through the expansion valve 35 is preferably used as water at a predetermined temperature.
- the indoor unit 102 cools the air passing through the first humidification element 23 by supplying cooling water to the first humidification element 23 during cooling operation of the air conditioner 101. good. Thereby, the heat load of the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 34 is reduced.
- the cooling water tap water that has been cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner 101 may be used.
- the indoor unit 102 supplies water at a predetermined temperature to the first humidification element 23 during the heating operation of the air conditioner 101, thereby heating the air passing through the first humidification element 23. You may Thereby, the heat load of the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 34 is reduced. In this case, tap water that is not heat-exchanged with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerating cycle of the air conditioner 101 or water supplied from a water heater or the like outside the indoor unit 102 is used as the water at the predetermined temperature. good too.
- the indoor unit 102 may further include a second humidification element 25 in addition to the first humidification element 23 .
- the second humidification element 25 is arranged in the air flow path 42 inside the casing 16 .
- the second humidification element 25 is arranged downstream of the air flow circulating in the air flow path 42 from the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the air flow circulating in the air flow path 42 from the indoor fan 22. placed upstream of
- the second humidification element 25 has a structure in which a plurality of water absorbing members are combined.
- the water absorbing member is, for example, porous ceramics and non-woven fabric.
- the water absorbing member has a shape such as a lattice shape, a corrugated plate shape, or a honeycomb shape.
- the second humidification element 25 has water absorption, water retention and ventilation properties due to the gaps formed between the combined water absorption members and the porous structure of the water absorption members.
- the second humidification element 25 may be the same member as the first humidification element 23 .
- the second humidification element 25 During operation of the air conditioner 101, water is supplied to the second humidification element 25 from a water supply source (not shown) through the second water supply flow path 45 (fifth flow path). As shown in FIG. 5, water is supplied from above to the second humidifying element 25 from the second water supply use channel 45, so that the water absorbing member of the second humidifying element 25 absorbs and holds the water. The water retained in the water absorbing member flows downward due to gravity and finally flows out of the second humidification element 25 .
- the second humidification element 25 has a surface on which water flows or a surface on which water is retained.
- the air passing through the second humidification element 25 evaporates the water retained by the water absorption member of the second humidification element 25 . Thereby, the air flowing through the air flow path 42 is humidified by passing through the second humidification element 25 . The air that has passed through the second humidification element 25 flows toward the third opening 16c.
- the drain pan 24 is arranged below the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25, as shown in FIG. Water flowing out from the water absorbing member of the second humidification element 25 is stored in the drain pan 24 .
- the second humidification element 25 collects substances to be collected contained in the air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the air flow path 42 .
- the second humidification element 25 collects the collection target substance that has not been collected by the first humidification element 23, so that the supply air SA containing the collection target substance is sent to the target space. is suppressed.
- the indoor unit 102 supplies water at a predetermined temperature to the second humidification element 25 via the second water supply flow path 45 for the second humidification element 25. good too.
- the indoor unit 102 supplies water of a predetermined temperature to the second humidification element 25, thereby adjusting the temperature of the supply air SA that passes through the second humidification element 25 and is sent to the target space. .
- the first water supply flow path 43 for the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25 and the second water supply flow path 45 may branch.
- both the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25 can be supplied with water of the same temperature.
- the first humidification element 23 and the second Water at a predetermined temperature may be supplied to at least one of the humidifying elements 25 .
- the temperatures of the first humidifying element 23 and the second humidifying element 25 are controlled by adjusting the temperature of the water supplied to the first humidifying element 23 and the second humidifying element 25 .
- the substance to be collected is a substance whose activity state changes depending on temperature, for example, microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses
- Inactivation means suppressing the propagation of microorganisms or killing microorganisms.
- propagation of microorganisms adhering to the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25 is suppressed, and the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25 are deodorized.
- the indoor unit 102 may further include a filter 26 having a lower ventilation resistance than the first humidification element 23 .
- the filter 26 is arranged in the air flow path 42 inside the casing 16 .
- the filter 26 is arranged between the first humidification element 23 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the direction of air flow through the air flow path 42 .
- Filter 26 collects foreign matter contained in the air that has passed through first humidification element 23 .
- the filter 26 may be arranged upstream of the flow of air flowing through the air flow path 42 from the first humidification element 23 .
- the indoor unit 102 may further include the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
- the filter 26 is positioned between the second humidifying element 25 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 or between the second humidifying element 25 and the indoor fan 22 in the direction of air flow through the air flow path 42. may be placed in
- the first humidification element 23 has a structure in which a plurality of water absorbing members are combined.
- the air that passes through the first humidification element 23 passes through a humidification channel 46 (sixth channel) that is a space between a plurality of combined water absorbing members.
- the first humidifying element 23 resembles a honeycomb structure in which a large number of cells are regularly arranged when viewed along the direction of air flow through the air channel 42. have a structure.
- Each cell in FIG. 8 represents the inlet or outlet of the humidification channel 46 .
- a first arrow D1 indicates the direction of air flow before passing through the first humidification element 23 and after passing through the first humidification element 23 .
- the first humidification element 23 when viewed along the direction of the first arrow D1, the first humidification element 23 has a configuration in which first water absorbing members 23a and second water absorbing members 23b are alternately arranged. is doing.
- the humidification flow path 46 corresponds to the space between the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b.
- the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b extend along the vertical direction.
- the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b are: Each is composed of one water absorbing element 23c.
- the water absorbing element 23c is a plate-like member having V-shaped uneven portions formed at predetermined intervals along a direction (vertical direction) intersecting the direction of the first arrow D1.
- solid lines represent protrusions and dotted lines represent recesses.
- a second arrow D2 indicates an example of air flow along the irregularities of the water absorbing element 23c of the first water absorbing member 23a.
- a second arrow D2' indicates an example of the flow of air along the irregularities of the water absorbing element 23c of the second water absorbing member 23b.
- the second arrows D2 and D2' are along the irregularities of the water absorbing element 23c and are not parallel to the first arrow D1.
- the water held in the water absorbing element 23c flows, for example, while falling downward from above.
- the water absorbing elements 23c When viewed along the first arrow D1, the water absorbing elements 23c that are adjacent to each other along the direction in which the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b are arranged have the V-shaped concave and convex portions facing each other. placed in opposite directions. Specifically, in the first water absorbing member 23a, as shown in FIG. 9, the water absorbing element 23c is arranged so that the V-shape of the uneven portion is oriented as it is. In addition, in the second water absorbing member 23b, as shown in FIG. 10, the water absorbing element 23c is arranged so that the V-shape of the concave and convex portion is in the upside down direction.
- part of the air that has flowed in from any of the cells shown in FIG. 8 flows upward along the first water absorbing member 23a, and the rest flows downward along the second water absorbing member 23b. .
- the air flowing through the humidifying flow path 46 repeats branching and joining inside the first humidifying element 23 .
- the air flowing through the air flow path 42 easily collides with the water absorption element 23c holding water when passing through the humidification flow path 46 of the first humidification element 23. Therefore, the air passing through the first humidification element 23 is easily humidified, and the effect of the first humidification element 23 for collecting substances to be collected is enhanced.
- This modification can also be applied to the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
- the water supplied to the first humidification element 23 may contain a component that inactivates the substance to be collected.
- the substances to be collected are bacteria
- the water supplied to the first humidification element 23 is water containing strong oxidizing substances having a bactericidal or antibacterial action, such as hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. good too.
- the water flowing on the surface of the first humidification element 23 or the water retained on the surface of the first humidification element 23 has the effect of promoting the inactivation of the substance to be collected.
- the water supplied to the first humidification element 23 contains a component that decomposes the substance to be collected, or the influence of the substance to be collected on humans or animals. It may be water containing a component that reduces the
- the water flowing on the surface of the first humidification element 23 or the water retained on the surface of the first humidification element 23 is inert to the substance to be collected adhering to the first humidification element 23. It has the effect of promoting conversion. This prevents the first humidification element 23 from being contaminated with the substance to be collected, so that the first humidification element 23 can be kept clean.
- This modification can also be applied to the water supplied to the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
- the water absorbing member of the first humidification element 23 may carry a substance that is difficult to dissolve in water and that inactivates the substance to be collected.
- the water absorbing member of the first humidifying element 23 may carry an inorganic antibacterial agent containing copper, silver, or the like, which does not readily dissolve in water even when in constant contact with water.
- the antibacterial agent suppresses the propagation of bacteria adhering to the first humidification element 23 and deodorizes the first humidification element 23 .
- the water absorbing member of the second humidification element 25 of Modification B and the filter 26 of Modification C may carry an antibacterial agent. As a result, the propagation of bacteria adhering to the second humidification element 25 and the filter 26 is suppressed, and the second humidification element 25 and the filter 26 are deodorized.
- the water absorption member of the first humidification element 23 may carry a hydrophilic photocatalyst.
- the indoor unit 102 further includes a light source that irradiates the first humidification element 23 with light.
- the light source irradiates the first humidification element 23 with visible light or ultraviolet light.
- the photocatalyst is activated by the light emitted from the light source, the water retained in the water absorption member of the first humidification element 23 is ionized to generate a component that deactivates the substance to be collected.
- the component that inactivates the substance to be collected is a strong oxidizing substance having a bactericidal or antibacterial action, such as hydroxyl radicals or hydrogen peroxide. In this case, the propagation of bacteria adhering to the first humidification element 23 is suppressed, and the first humidification element 23 is deodorized.
- the indoor unit 102 may further include a reflecting member that reflects light emitted from the light source.
- the light source does not directly irradiate the first humidification element 23 with light, but irradiates the reflective member with light.
- the light emitted from the light source and reflected by the reflecting member is applied to the first humidification element 23 to generate a component that inactivates the substance to be collected.
- a reflecting member is, for example, a mirror.
- the indoor unit 102 further includes a light source that irradiates the second humidifying element 25 and the filter 26 with light.
- the indoor unit 102 includes a reflecting member, at least one of the first humidifying element 23, the second humidifying element 25, and the filter 26 may be irradiated with light emitted from the light source and reflected by the reflecting member.
- the air conditioner 101 of the embodiment is a device provided with a vapor compression refrigeration cycle for performing cooling operation, heating operation, etc. in a target space.
- the air conditioner 101 may be a ventilator equipped with a total heat exchanger (corresponding to the "heat exchanger” in claim 1).
- the ventilation device corresponds to the air treatment device according to the present disclosure.
- the total heat exchanger consists of exhaust air discharged from the target space to the outdoors (corresponding to the "fluid flowing through the first flow path" in claim 1) and supply air supplied from the outdoors to the target space. (corresponding to "the air flowing through the second flow path” in claim 1), both heat and moisture can be returned from the exhaust air to the supply air.
- the first humidification element 23 of the embodiment may be installed in the air flow path through which the supply air flows.
- At least one of the second humidification element 25 of Modification B and the filter 26 of Modification C may be further installed in the air flow path through which the supply air flows.
- the air conditioner 101 which is a ventilation device, includes a first adsorption heat exchanger through which exhaust air discharged from the target space to the outdoors passes, and a second adsorption heat exchanger through which the supply air supplied from the outdoors to the target space passes.
- the adsorption heat exchanger is a so-called cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger with an adsorbent supported on its surface. Materials that can adsorb moisture in the air, such as zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, and organic polymer materials having hydrophilic functional groups, are used as the adsorbent.
- the air conditioner 101 which is a ventilator, may alternately switch between the flow path through which the discharged air flows and the flow path through which the supply air flows.
- the discharge air passes through the first adsorption heat exchanger and the feed air passes through the second adsorption heat exchanger, and the discharge air passes through the second adsorption heat exchanger and the feed air passes through the first adsorption heat exchanger. It may be possible to alternately switch between the state of passing through the heat exchanger.
- the first humidification element 23 of the embodiment may be installed in the air flow path through which the supply air flows.
- At least one of the second humidification element 25 of Modification B and the filter 26 of Modification C may be further installed in the air flow path through which the supply air flows.
- the air conditioner 101 which is a ventilation device, may further include a heat exchanger for adjusting the temperature of the supplied air.
- the heat exchanger for temperature control may be a heat exchanger that is mainly installed near the target space and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the supply air, or it is mainly installed at a location away from the target space. It may be a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the medium heat-exchanged with the refrigerant and the supply air.
- water at a predetermined temperature when the first humidifying element 23 is installed in the air flow path through which the supply air flows, water at a predetermined temperature may be supplied to the first humidifying element 23 as in the modified example A.
- water at a predetermined temperature when the second humidification element 25 is installed in the air flow path through which the supplied air flows, water at a predetermined temperature may be supplied to the second humidification element 25 as in the modification B.
- the water at a predetermined temperature is, for example, water that has been cooled by heat exchange with a refrigerant that circulates in a refrigeration cycle outside the ventilator.
- the air conditioner 101 may be a device that does not have a refrigerant circuit for realizing the cooling function and the heating function.
- the air conditioning apparatus 101 may be an air cleaning apparatus that removes foreign matter from the air in the target space and sends clean air to the same target space.
- the air conditioning apparatus 101 may be an air cleaning apparatus that removes foreign matter from the air in the target space and sends the clean air to a different target space.
- the air treatment device according to the present disclosure corresponds to the air conditioning device 101 .
- the air conditioner 101 takes indoor air, passes it through the first humidifying element 23 and the indoor heat exchanger 21 in this order, and supplies the air as supply air to the target space.
- An air treatment device may be an air handling unit 202 .
- the air handling unit 202 is a device that is installed in a relatively large-sized facility and that supplies indoor air from which foreign matter has been removed and whose temperature and humidity have been adjusted.
- the air handling unit 202 is installed indoors or outdoors.
- the air handling unit 202 of this modified example has the same basic configuration as the indoor unit 102 of the embodiment. The following description focuses on differences from the indoor unit 102 of the embodiment.
- the air handling unit 202 includes a first humidification element 23, a filter 26, an indoor heat exchanger 21, and a second humidification element 25.
- the first humidification element 23 collects the collection target substances contained in the outdoor air OA and the indoor air RA on the upstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the air flow path 42, as in the embodiment.
- the filter 26 collects foreign matter contained in the air that has passed through the first humidification element 23, as in the modification C.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 adjusts the temperature of the air flowing through the air flow path 42, as in the embodiment.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 circulates cold water or hot water as a fluid (corresponding to the "fluid flowing through the first flow path" in claim 1), and changes the temperature of the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 21 to adjust.
- the indoor heat exchanger 21 may have, for example, a cold water tube coil 21a through which cold water flows and a hot water tube coil 21b through which hot water flows. .
- the cold and hot water used as fluids may come from different water sources.
- Cold water tube coil 21 a is used to lower the temperature of the air passing through indoor heat exchanger 21 .
- the hot water pipe coil 21b is used to raise the temperature of the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 21. As shown in FIG. The flow path inside the cold water tube coil 21a and the hot water tube coil 21b corresponds to the refrigerant flow path 41 of the embodiment.
- the second humidification element 25 collects the collection target substances contained in the air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 21, as in the modification B.
- the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25 adjust the humidity of the air flowing through the air flow path 42 .
- the drain pan 24 is arranged below the first humidification element 23 and the second humidification element 25, as shown in FIG.
- the first water supply flow path 43 for the first humidification element 23 and the , and the second water supply flow path 45 for the second humidification element 25 may branch.
- water flowing through one common flow path 47 may be supplied to the cold water tube coil 21a.
- the water flowing through one common flow path 47 may be heated and supplied to the hot water tube coil 21b.
- the controller of the indoor unit 102 may control the amount of water supplied from the first water supply flow path 43 to the first humidification element 23 per unit time.
- the control unit of the indoor unit 102 performs control to increase the amount of water supplied to the first humidification element 23 as the amount of the substance to be collected contained in the air flowing through the air flow path 42 increases. good too.
- the amount of the target substance to be collected is, for example, the mass of the target substance to be collected contained in the air in the target space per unit volume.
- the amount of the substance to be collected is measured, for example, by a sensor installed in the target space. As the amount of water supplied to the first humidification element 23 increases, the water containing the substance to be collected that has been collected by the first humidification element 23 is more likely to flow out of the first humidification element 23. 23 can be kept clean.
- This modification can also be applied to the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
- the controller of the indoor unit 102 may control the amount of water supplied from the second water supply use channel 45 to the second humidification element 25 per unit time.
- the indoor unit 102 may include multiple humidifying elements with different specifications.
- the indoor unit 102 may include the first humidifying element 23 and the second humidifying element 25 with mutually different specifications.
- Humidification element specifications are, for example, the amount of water it can hold, the average time the water is held, and the temperature range it can be used in.
- Each humidifying element is supplied with water from the water supply flow path, similarly to the first humidifying element 23 of the embodiment.
- the indoor unit 102 is equipped with a plurality of humidifying elements with different specifications, so that a plurality of types of substances to be collected can be efficiently inactivated. For example, depending on the type of substance to be collected, by supplying water of different temperatures to each of the multiple humidifying elements, a specific type of substance to be collected can be efficiently inactivated by a specific humidifying element. can do.
- multiple humidification elements are arranged in the air flow path 42 inside the casing 16 .
- the positions of the plurality of humidifying elements are not limited.
- all of the plurality of humidifying elements may be arranged upstream or downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 21 with respect to the flow of air flowing through the air flow path 42 .
- some of the plurality of humidifying elements may be arranged on the upstream side of the flow of air flowing through the air flow path 42 relative to the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the rest may be arranged on the downstream side.
- the first humidification element 23 may be configured to be replaceable. Specifically, the indoor unit 102 may have a mechanism by which the first humidification element 23 can be easily removed or attached. In this case, maintenance work such as replacement and cleaning of the first humidification element 23 is facilitated.
- the indoor unit 102 can be provided with the first humidification element 23 having a configuration suitable for the type of substance to be collected.
- the first humidifying element 23 has a water absorbing element 23c as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the water absorbing element Appropriate intervals of the V-shaped concave-convex portions of 23c are different. Therefore, since the first humidification element 23 is configured to be replaceable, the indoor unit 102 can be provided with an appropriate first humidification element 23, so that the substance to be collected can be efficiently collected. .
- This modification can also be applied to the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
- each of the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b has a structure in which a plurality of water absorbing elements 23c are arranged along the first arrow D1. may have.
- solid lines represent protrusions and dotted lines represent recesses.
- the water absorbing elements 23c adjacent to each other along the first arrow D1 are arranged such that the V-shaped directions are opposite to each other.
- the second arrows D2 and D2' have a zigzag shape along the uneven portions of the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b. Therefore, the second arrows D2, D2' are not parallel to the first arrow D1.
- the plurality of water absorbing elements 23c arranged along the first arrow D1 may be used under different conditions.
- at least one of the amount, speed, and temperature of water flowing through each of the plurality of water absorbing elements 23c arranged along the first arrow D1 may differ from each other.
- the temperature and humidity that are most effective in inactivating the substance to be collected differ depending on the type of substance to be collected. Therefore, by varying at least one of the amount, speed, and temperature of water flowing through the water absorbing element 23c among the plurality of water absorbing elements 23c arranged along the first arrow D1, the first humidifying element 23 can efficiently inactivate multiple types of substances to be collected.
- the types of components that inactivate the substance to be collected, contained in the water flowing through the water absorbing elements 23c, may differ among the plurality of water absorbing elements 23c arranged along the first arrow D1.
- the component that is highly effective in inactivating the substance to be collected differs depending on the type of substance to be collected. Therefore, by differentiating the types of components contained in the water flowing through the water absorbing elements 23c that inactivate the substance to be collected among the plurality of water absorbing elements 23c arranged along the first arrow D1, , the first humidification element 23 can efficiently inactivate a plurality of types of substances to be collected.
- the concave and convex portions of the water absorbing elements 23c of the first water absorbing member 23a and the second water absorbing member 23b may not be V-shaped.
- the concave-convex portion of the water absorbing element 23c may have a linear shape extending along a direction not parallel to the first arrow D1.
- solid lines represent convex portions and dotted lines represent concave portions.
- the humidification channel 46 can be formed in a V-shape as in FIGS. can.
- This modification can also be applied to the second humidification element 25 of modification B.
Abstract
Description
空気調和装置101は、建物内に設置される室内機102と、屋外に設置される室外機103とを有する。室内機102は、例えば、対象空間の天井裏の空間に設置される。対象空間とは、空気調和装置101によって少なくとも温度が調節される空間である。対象空間は、例えば、建物の屋内の空間である。室内機102および室外機103は、冷媒配管104を介して互いに接続され、これにより、空気調和装置101の冷媒回路が構成される。空気調和装置101は、対象空間において冷房運転および暖房運転等を行うための、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルを備える。本開示に係る空気処理装置は、室内機102に相当する。
図2および図3に示されるように、室内機102は、ケーシング16と、室内熱交換器21と、室内ファン22と、第1加湿エレメント23と、ドレンパン24とを有する。室内機102は、室外空気OAおよび室内空気RAを取り入れて、第1加湿エレメント23および室内熱交換器21をこの順番で通過させて、供給空気SAとして対象空間に供給する。室外空気OAは、屋外から屋内に導入される空気である。室内空気RAは、屋内から屋内に循環する空気である。供給空気SAは、空気調和装置101によって少なくとも温度が調節された空気である。
ケーシング16は、対象空間の天井裏の空間に設置される。ケーシング16は、直方体の形状を有する。室内熱交換器21、室内ファン22、第1加湿エレメント23およびドレンパン24は、ケーシング16の内部に設けられる。
室内熱交換器21は、ケーシング16の内部の空気流路42に配置される。空気流路42(第2流路)を流れる空気は、室内熱交換器21を通過する際に、室内熱交換器21の伝熱管の内部の冷媒流路41(第1流路)を流れる冷媒と熱交換される。言い換えると、室内熱交換器21は、冷媒流路41を流通する流体と、空気流路42を流通する空気との間で熱交換を行う。空気流路42を流れる空気は、室内熱交換器21によって加熱または冷却される。
室内ファン22は、ケーシング16の内部に配置される。室内ファン22は、室内熱交換器21よりも、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの下流側に配置される。図2に示されるように、室内ファン22は、第3開口16cの近傍に配置される。室内ファン22は、室内ファンモータ22aによって駆動することで、室外空気OAおよび室内空気RAをケーシング16の内部に取り入れて、対象空間に供給空気SAを供給する。言い換えると、室内ファン22が駆動することによって、ケーシング16の内部空間に、空気流路42を流れる空気の流れが形成される。
第1加湿エレメント23は、ケーシング16の内部の空気流路42に配置される。第1加湿エレメント23は、室内熱交換器21よりも、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの上流側に配置される。
図3に示されるように、ドレンパン24は、第1加湿エレメント23の下方に配置される。ドレンパン24は、第1加湿エレメント23から流出した水を受ける容器である。ケーシング16は、ドレンパン24をケーシング16の内部から取り出すための点検用開口を有してもよい。この場合、ドレンパン24を点検用開口から取り出すことで、第1加湿エレメント23およびドレンパン24の点検および清掃を容易に行うことができる。
室内機102の第1加湿エレメント23は、室外空気OAおよび室内空気RAに含まれる捕集対象物質を、空気流路42において室内熱交換器21の上流側で捕集する。捕集対象物質が第1加湿エレメント23によって捕集されるので、室内機102は、捕集対象物質を含む供給空気SAが対象空間に送られることを抑制することができる。
(4-1)変形例A
実施形態の室内機102は、給水源から第1給水用流路43を介して、所定の温度の水を第1加湿エレメント23に供給してもよい。この場合、室内機102は、所定の温度の水を第1加湿エレメント23に供給することで、第1加湿エレメント23に捕集された捕集対象物質の不活性化を促進することができ、かつ、第1加湿エレメント23を通過して対象空間に送られる供給空気SAの温度を調整することができる。捕集対象物質が微生物である場合、所定の温度の水とは、第1加湿エレメント23において微生物の繁殖が抑制される温度、または、微生物が死滅する温度の水である。所定の温度は、例えば、45℃以上である。
図4および図5に示されるように、室内機102は、第1加湿エレメント23の他に、第2加湿エレメント25をさらに備えてもよい。第2加湿エレメント25は、ケーシング16の内部の空気流路42に配置される。第2加湿エレメント25は、室内熱交換器21よりも、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの下流側に配置され、かつ、室内ファン22よりも、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの上流側に配置される。
図6および図7に示されるように、室内機102は、第1加湿エレメント23よりも通風抵抗が小さいフィルター26をさらに備えてもよい。フィルター26は、ケーシング16の内部の空気流路42に配置される。フィルター26は、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの方向において、第1加湿エレメント23と室内熱交換器21との間に配置される。フィルター26は、第1加湿エレメント23を通過した空気に含まれる異物を捕集する。フィルター26は、第1加湿エレメント23よりも、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの上流側に配置されてもよい。
第1加湿エレメント23は、複数の吸水部材が組み合わされた構造を有する。第1加湿エレメント23を通過する空気は、組み合わされた複数の吸水部材の間の空間である加湿用流路46(第6流路)を通り抜ける。図8に示されるように、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れの方向に沿って見た場合、第1加湿エレメント23は、多数のセルが規則的に配置された、ハニカム構造に類似する構造を有している。図8の各セルは、加湿用流路46の入口または出口を表す。図9および図10では、空気流路42を流通する空気の流れが第1矢印D1で示され、加湿用流路46を流通する空気の流れの一例が第2矢印D2,D2´で示されている。第1矢印D1は、第1加湿エレメント23を通過する前、および、第1加湿エレメント23を通過した後の空気の流れの方向を示す。
第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水は、捕集対象物質を不活性化する成分を含んでもよい。例えば、捕集対象物質が細菌である場合、第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水は、ヒドロキシラジカルおよび過酸化水素等の、殺菌作用または抗菌作用を有する強酸化性物質を含む水であってもよい。この場合、第1加湿エレメント23の表面を流れる水、または、第1加湿エレメント23の表面に保持されている水は、捕集対象物質の不活性化を促進する効果を有する。捕集対象物質が粒子状物質等の非生物である場合、第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水は、捕集対象物質を分解する成分、または、ヒトあるいは動物に対する捕集対象物質の影響力を低減させる成分を含む水であってもよい。
第1加湿エレメント23の吸水部材は、水に溶出しにくく、かつ、捕集対象物質を不活性化する物質を担持してもよい。例えば、第1加湿エレメント23の吸水部材は、常時水と接触していても水に溶出しにくい、銅および銀等を含む無機系の抗菌剤を担持してもよい。例えば、捕集対象物質が細菌である場合、抗菌剤によって、第1加湿エレメント23に付着している細菌の繁殖が抑制され、第1加湿エレメント23が消臭される。
第1加湿エレメント23の吸水部材は、親水性の光触媒を担持してもよい。この場合、室内機102は、第1加湿エレメント23に光を照射する光源をさらに備える。光源は、第1加湿エレメント23に対して、可視光線または紫外線を照射する。光源から照射される光によって光触媒が活性化されることで、第1加湿エレメント23の吸水部材に保持されている水が電離して、捕集対象物質を不活性化する成分が生成される。捕集対象物質が細菌である場合、捕集対象物質を不活性化する成分とは、ヒドロキシラジカルまたは過酸化水素等の、殺菌作用または抗菌作用を有する強酸化性物質である。この場合、第1加湿エレメント23に付着している細菌の繁殖が抑制され、第1加湿エレメント23が消臭される。
実施形態の空気調和装置101は、対象空間において冷房運転および暖房運転等を行うための、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルを備える装置である。しかし、空気調和装置101は、全熱交換器(請求項1に記載の「熱交換器」に相当する。)を備える換気装置であってもよい。この場合、換気装置は、本開示に係る空気処理装置に相当する。全熱交換器は、対象空間から屋外に排出される排出空気(請求項1に記載の「第1流路を流通する流体」に相当する。)と、屋外から対象空間に供給される供給空気(請求項1に記載の「第2流路を流通する空気」に相当する。)との間で熱交換を行うことで、排出空気から供給空気に熱および湿気の両方を戻すことができる。この場合、供給空気が流れる空気流路に、実施形態の第1加湿エレメント23が設置されてもよい。供給空気が流れる空気流路に、変形例Bの第2加湿エレメント25、および、変形例Cのフィルター26の少なくとも1つがさらに設置されてもよい。
空気調和装置101は、冷房機能および暖房機能を実現するための冷媒回路を有さない機器であってもよい。例えば、空気調和装置101は、対象空間の空気から異物等を除去し、清浄な空気を同じ対象空間に送る空気清浄装置であってもよい。また、空気調和装置101は、対象空間の空気から異物等を除去し、清浄な空気を異なる対象空間に送る空気清浄装置であってもよい。この場合、本開示に係る空気処理装置は、空気調和装置101に相当する。空気調和装置101は、室内空気を取り入れて、第1加湿エレメント23および室内熱交換器21をこの順番で通過させて、供給空気として対象空間に供給する。
本開示に係る空気処理装置は、エアハンドリングユニット202であってもよい。エアハンドリングユニット202とは、比較的大型の設備に設置され、異物が除去されて温度および湿度が調整された空気を屋内に供給する装置である。エアハンドリングユニット202は、屋内または屋外に設置される。本変形例のエアハンドリングユニット202は、実施形態の室内機102と基本的な構成が同じである。以下、実施形態の室内機102との相違点を中心に説明する。
室内機102の制御部は、単位時間当たりに第1給水用流路43から第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水の量を制御してもよい。例えば、室内機102の制御部は、空気流路42を流通する空気に含まれる捕集対象物質の量が多いほど、第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水の量を増加させる制御を行ってもよい。捕集対象物質の量は、例えば、単位体積当たりの対象空間の空気に含まれる捕集対象物質の質量である。捕集対象物質の量は、例えば、対象空間に設置させるセンサによって測定される。第1加湿エレメント23に供給される水の量が多いほど、第1加湿エレメント23に捕集された捕集対象物質を含む水が第1加湿エレメント23から流出しやすくなるので、第1加湿エレメント23を清浄に保つことができる。
前出の変形例において、室内機102は、仕様が異なる複数の加湿エレメントを備えてもよい。例えば、変形例Bで説明したように、室内機102は、仕様が互いに異なる第1加湿エレメント23および第2加湿エレメント25を備えてもよい。加湿エレメントの仕様とは、例えば、保持できる水の量、水が保持される平均時間、および、使用可能な温度範囲である。それぞれの加湿エレメントは、実施形態の第1加湿エレメント23と同様に、給水用流路から水が供給される。
第1加湿エレメント23は、交換可能に構成されていてもよい。具体的には、室内機102は、第1加湿エレメント23を容易に取り外し、または、取り付けることができる機構を有してもよい。この場合、第1加湿エレメント23の交換および清掃等の保守作業が容易になる。
変形例Dにおいて、図13および図14に示されるように、第1吸水部材23aおよび第2吸水部材23bは、それぞれ、複数枚の吸水エレメント23cが第1矢印D1に沿って配置された構成を有していてもよい。図13および図14において、実線は凸部を表し、点線は凹部を表す。この場合、第1吸水部材23aおよび第2吸水部材23bのそれぞれにおいて、第1矢印D1に沿って互いに隣り合う吸水エレメント23cは、V字形状の向きが互いに反対方向になるように配置される。これにより、第2矢印D2,D2´は、第1吸水部材23aおよび第2吸水部材23bの凹凸部に沿うジグザグ形状となる。従って、第2矢印D2,D2´は、第1矢印D1と平行ではない。
以上、本開示の実施形態を説明したが、特許請求の範囲に記載された本開示の趣旨及び範囲から逸脱することなく、形態や詳細の多様な変更が可能なことが理解されるであろう。
23 :第1加湿エレメント(第1捕集部材)
25 :第2加湿エレメント(第2捕集部材)
26 :フィルター
41 :冷媒流路(第1流路)
42 :空気流路(第2流路)
43 :第1給水用流路(第3流路)
44 :排水用流路(第4流路)
45 :第2給水用流路(第5流路)
46 :加湿用流路(第6流路)
102 :室内機(空気処理装置)
202 :エアハンドリングユニット(空気処理装置)
Claims (13)
- 第1流路(41)を流通する流体と、第2流路(42)を流通する空気との間で熱交換を行う熱交換器(21)と、
前記熱交換器よりも、前記第2流路を流通する空気の流れの上流側に配置され、前記熱交換器へ流れる空気に含まれる物質を捕集する第1捕集部材(23)と、
を備え、
前記第1捕集部材は、水が流れている表面、または、水が保持されている表面を有する、
空気処理装置(102,202)。 - 所定の温度の水を前記第1捕集部材に供給する第3流路(43)をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材の表面を流れる水、または、前記第1捕集部材の表面に保持されている水を排出する第4流路(44)をさらに備える、
請求項1または2に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記熱交換器よりも、前記空気の流れの下流側に配置され、前記熱交換器から流れる空気に含まれる前記物質を捕集する第2捕集部材(25)をさらに備え、
前記第2捕集部材は、水が流れている表面、または、水が保持されている表面を有する、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材および前記第2捕集部材の少なくとも1つに所定の温度の水を供給する第5流路(45)をさらに備える、
請求項4に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材よりも通風抵抗が小さいフィルター(26)をさらに備える、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記フィルターは、前記空気の流れの方向において、前記第1捕集部材と前記熱交換器との間に配置される、
請求項6に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記空気処理装置は、冷凍サイクルを循環する冷媒と熱交換された水を前記第1捕集部材に供給する、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材は、前記第1捕集部材を通過する空気が流れる流路であって、前記空気の流れの方向に平行でない第6流路(46)を形成する、
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材の表面を流れる水、または、前記第1捕集部材の表面に保持されている水は、前記物質を不活性化する成分を含む、
請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材は、水に溶出しにくく、かつ、前記物質を不活性化する成分を担持する、
請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材は、光が照射されることで前記物質を不活性化する成分を生成する光触媒を担持する、
請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。 - 前記第1捕集部材は、交換可能に構成されている、
請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の空気処理装置。
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