WO2022173276A1 - 양극 활물질용 전구체 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
양극 활물질용 전구체 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022173276A1 WO2022173276A1 PCT/KR2022/002241 KR2022002241W WO2022173276A1 WO 2022173276 A1 WO2022173276 A1 WO 2022173276A1 KR 2022002241 W KR2022002241 W KR 2022002241W WO 2022173276 A1 WO2022173276 A1 WO 2022173276A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- precursor
- positive electrode
- transition metal
- electrode active
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 36
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 36
- -1 fatty acid nickel salt Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAVRWNUUOUXDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].[Mn+2].[Mn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O OAVRWNUUOUXDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018916 CoOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 101100513612 Microdochium nivale MnCO gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910018661 Ni(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011357 graphitized carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011564 manganese citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014872 manganese citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097206 manganese citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/45—Aggregated particles or particles with an intergrown morphology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a precursor for a positive electrode active material applied to a secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a precursor for a positive electrode active material having excellent reactivity with lithium during firing and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a lithium composite transition metal oxide containing two or more transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and aluminum is widely used as a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium composite transition metal oxide is a metal solution containing a transition metal element as a raw material, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic aqueous solution are added to a continuous reactor (CSTR) or batch (BATCH) reactor and a co-precipitation reaction is performed. to prepare a precursor in the form of a hydroxide, mix the precursor and a lithium raw material, and then calcinate.
- CSTR continuous reactor
- BATCH batch
- a continuous reactor is a method in which raw materials are input and co-precipitated while simultaneously discharging a precursor formed as particles. and the reaction proceeds, and then the precursor is discharged after the reaction is completed.
- the productivity of the precursor is high because the precursor is discharged at the same time as the reaction raw material is co-precipitated.
- There may be variations in residence time and reaction time in the reactor of the cathode active material precursors produced in the and accordingly, there is a problem in that the size and particle size distribution of the generated precursor particles are non-uniform. Therefore, in order to ensure uniformity of precursor quality, a method for preparing a precursor using a batch reactor is mainly used.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, by controlling the supply flow rate of the raw material during the preparation of the precursor, by controlling the surface density of the precursor particles for a cathode active material having excellent reactivity with the lithium raw material during firing
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a precursor.
- the present invention is a seed forming step of forming a precursor seed (seed) for a positive electrode active material by co-precipitation reaction while supplying a transition metal aqueous solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound to a reactor; and a particle growth step of growing precursor particles for a positive electrode active material by coprecipitating while supplying an aqueous transition metal solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound to the reaction solution in which the precursor seed for the positive electrode active material is formed, and in the particle growth step It provides a method for preparing a precursor for a positive electrode active material in which the supply rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex former is at least twice the supply rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex former in the seed forming step.
- the present invention provides a precursor for a positive electrode active material prepared by the above manufacturing method, and a positive electrode active material prepared by using the precursor for a positive electrode active material.
- the surface density and primary particle size of the precursor particles are increased by rapidly increasing the supply rate of the transition metal aqueous solution, which is a reaction raw material, to two or more times in the precursor particle growth step to increase the reaction rate. to prepare small precursor particles.
- the specific surface area is increased, thereby improving the reactivity with the lithium raw material in the firing step, thereby improving the firing uniformity and developing the crystal structure well. Accordingly, when the cathode active material prepared by using the precursor prepared according to the method of the present invention is applied to a secondary battery, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving capacity characteristics and high temperature cycle characteristics.
- precursor particles having excellent particle size uniformity can be manufactured, and the reaction time required to produce precursor particles having a desired particle size is shortened, thereby increasing productivity.
- the supply amount of the reaction raw material is increased, the growth rate of the precursor particles can be increased and the reaction time can be shortened.
- the particle size of the precursor particles finally produced is non-uniform by supplying the raw material for the reaction at a low supply rate at the beginning of the reaction in which the seed is formed, and increasing the supply rate of the raw material for the reaction after the seed is sufficiently formed. to prevent and improve productivity.
- Example 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the surface characteristics and particle size distribution of the precursor prepared in Example 1.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- Example 6 is a graph showing high-temperature lifespan characteristics of secondary batteries to which the positive active materials prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 are applied.
- the present inventors have a low surface density by rapidly increasing the supply rate of the reaction raw material at a specific point in time when the precursor is prepared, It was found that precursor particles having a high specific surface area can be prepared, and when such a precursor is used, the reactivity with lithium during firing can be improved, and the present invention has been completed.
- a transition metal aqueous solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound are supplied to a reactor and a co-precipitation reaction is performed to form a precursor seed for a positive electrode active material a seed forming step, and (2) co-precipitating the transition metal aqueous solution, ammonium cation complex forming agent, and basic compound to the reaction solution in which the precursor seed for the positive electrode active material is formed to grow the precursor particles for the positive electrode active material.
- the feed rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex forming agent in the (2) particle growth step is at least twice the feed rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex forming agent in the (1) seed forming step that is characterized by
- an aqueous transition metal solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound are supplied to a reactor, and a co-precipitation reaction is performed while stirring to form a precursor seed.
- the reactor is a batch reactor. This is because, when a precursor is prepared using a continuous reactor (CSTR), it is difficult to control the particle size of the precursor particles.
- CSTR continuous reactor
- the reactor may include a reaction mother liquor. Specifically, before supplying the reaction raw material, the transition metal aqueous solution, the ammonium cation complex forming agent, and the basic compound, the ammonium cation complex forming agent, the basic compound, and water are first added to the reactor to form a reaction mother liquid.
- the ammonium cation complexing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of NH 4 OH, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 , NH 4 Cl, CH 3 COONH 4 , and NH 4 CO 3 . and may be introduced into the reactor in the form of a solution in which the compound is dissolved in a solvent.
- a solvent water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent that can be uniformly mixed with water (specifically, alcohol, etc.) and water may be used.
- the basic compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH) 2 , and may be introduced into the reactor in the form of a solution in which the compound is dissolved in a solvent.
- a solvent water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent that can be uniformly mixed with water (specifically, alcohol, etc.) and water may be used.
- the reaction mother liquid may have a pH of 11.0 to 13.0, preferably 11.5 to 12.5.
- pH of the reaction mother liquid satisfies the above range, seed formation may be smoothly performed.
- an ammonium cation complexing agent a basic compound, and water to the reactor to form a reaction mother liquid, and then purging with nitrogen gas to remove oxygen in the reaction mother liquid.
- an aqueous transition metal solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound are supplied to the reactor, and a co-precipitation reaction is performed while stirring to form a precursor seed.
- the co-precipitation reaction proceeds to generate precursor nuclei in the form of primary particles (nucleation), and as the nuclei in the form of primary particles are aggregated 2 A seed in the form of tea particles is formed.
- the transition metal aqueous solution may include nickel, cobalt and manganese elements, and may be formed by mixing a nickel raw material, a cobalt raw material, and a manganese raw material with water.
- the nickel raw material is, Ni(OH) 2 , NiO, NiOOH, NiCO 3 ⁇ 2Ni(OH) 2 ⁇ 4H 2 O, NiC 2 O 2 ⁇ 2H 2 O, Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O, NiSO 4 , NiSO 4 ⁇ 6H 2 O, may be a fatty acid nickel salt or nickel halide, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the cobalt raw material may be Co(OH) 2 , CoOOH, Co(OCOCH 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O, Co(NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O or Co(SO 4 ) 2 .7H 2 O, etc. Any one of these or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the manganese raw material may include manganese oxides such as Mn 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , and Mn 3 O 4 ; manganese salts such as MnCO 3 , Mn(NO 3 ) 2 , MnSO 4 , manganese acetate, dicarboxylic acid manganese salts, manganese citrate and fatty acid manganese salts; It may be oxyhydroxide or manganese chloride, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- manganese oxides such as Mn 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , and Mn 3 O 4
- manganese salts such as MnCO 3 , Mn(NO 3 ) 2 , MnSO 4 , manganese acetate, dicarboxylic acid manganese salts, manganese citrate and fatty acid manganese salts
- It may be oxyhydroxide or manganese chloride, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used
- the transition metal aqueous solution may further include a doping element (M 1 ) in addition to nickel, cobalt and manganese.
- M 1 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, W, Mo, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta and Nb.
- a raw material containing the doping element M 1 may be selectively further added during the preparation of the transition metal aqueous solution.
- the raw material containing the doping element M 1 at least one selected from the group consisting of acetate, sulfate, sulfide, hydroxide, oxide or oxyhydroxide containing the doping element M 1 may be used.
- the transition metal aqueous solution has a nickel content of 30 mol% or more, preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 85 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, based on the total number of moles of the transition metal. As much as possible, a nickel raw material may be included. When the nickel content in the transition metal aqueous solution is 80 mol% or more, the capacity characteristics can be further improved.
- ammonium cation complexing agent and the basic compound may be the same as the ammonium cation complexing agent and the basic compound used in forming the reaction mother liquid.
- the seed forming step may be performed for 1 hour to 8 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours. If the seed formation time is too short, the seeds may not be sufficiently generated, resulting in decreased productivity and non-uniform particle size distribution of the precursor particles. In addition, if the seed formation time is too long, the reaction time required to grow the precursor particles to a desired particle size may be too long, which may decrease productivity, and some particles may grow during the seed formation process, resulting in non-uniform particle size distribution.
- the pH of the reaction solution may be 11.0 to 12.5, preferably 11.0 to 12.2, and the temperature of the reaction solution may be 40°C to 65°C, preferably 50°C to 65°C, more preferably It may be 50 °C to 60 °C.
- the pH of the reaction solution may be controlled by adjusting the input amount of the basic compound using a pH sensor or the like.
- the precursor particles for the positive electrode active material are grown by co-precipitation reaction while supplying an aqueous transition metal solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic compound to the reaction solution in which the precursor seeds are formed.
- the feed rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex forming agent is at least twice the feed rate in the seed forming step, preferably 2 to 10 times, more preferably 2 to 5 times, more Preferably, it is increased by 3 to 5 times.
- the supply rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the ammonium cation complex forming agent is increased by two or more times in the precursor particle growth step, the surface density and primary particle size of the precursor particles produced while the reaction rate increases due to the increase of the reaction raw material is reduced, thereby producing precursor particles with a large specific surface area.
- the rate of increase of the supply rate of the transition metal aqueous solution and the rate of increase of the supply rate of the ammonium cation complex forming agent are the same.
- the feed rate increase rate means a ratio of the feed rate in the grain growth step to the feed rate in the seed formation step. That is, the ratio of the feed rate of the transition metal aqueous solution in the particle growth step to the feed rate of the transition metal aqueous solution in the seed forming step, and the particle growth with respect to the feed rate of the ammonium cation complexing agent in the seed forming step
- the ratio of the feed rates of the ammonium cation complexing agent in the steps may be the same.
- the particle density increases and the specific surface area decreases, or the primary particle shape changes due to the change of the crystal growth conditions, resulting in a spherical particle shape.
- the brightness may be lowered.
- transition metal aqueous solution ammonium cation complexing agent, and basic compound input in the particle growth step are the same as those used in the seed forming step.
- the pH of the reaction solution may be 10.5 to 12.0, preferably 10.7 to 11.8, and the temperature of the reaction solution is 40° C. to 65° C., preferably 50° C. to 65° C., more preferably 50° C. to 60°C.
- the pH of the reaction solution may be controlled by adjusting the input amount of the basic compound using a pH sensor or the like.
- the reactor when the reactor is full in the particle growth step, the supply of the raw material is stopped and the stirring is stopped, the precursor particles in the reaction solution are settled, the supernatant is removed, and then the supply of the raw material is resumed to proceed with the reaction.
- the process of removing the supernatant in the reactor as described above, it is possible to sufficiently secure the reaction time required for the growth of the precursor particles, and it is possible to increase the production of the precursor.
- the above process may be repeated two or more times.
- the precursor particles for the positive electrode active material may be obtained by separating the precursor particles from the reaction solution, washing and drying the precursor particles.
- the precursor for a cathode active material according to the present invention is a precursor for a cathode active material prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention described above.
- the precursor for a cathode active material prepared according to the manufacturing method of the present invention has a lower surface density and a higher specific surface area than a conventional precursor for a cathode active material, and has a uniform particle size distribution.
- the precursor for a positive electrode active material according to the present invention has a BET specific surface area of 10m 2 /g to 20m 2 /g, preferably 10m 2 /g to 18m 2 /g, more preferably 10m 2 /g to 15m 2 /g.
- the precursor for a positive electrode active material according to the present invention may have a tap density of 1.8 to 2.2 g/cc, preferably 1.8 to 2.1 g/cc, and more preferably 1.9 to 2.1 g/cc.
- the precursor for a positive electrode active material according to the present invention may have (D90-D10)/D50 of 0.5 to 0.8, preferably 0.5 to 0.75.
- the reactivity with lithium or a doping element during firing is improved to improve firing quality, and thereby a positive electrode active material having excellent capacity characteristics and structural stability can be manufactured.
- the precursor for the positive electrode active material may be a hydroxide or oxyhydroxide containing nickel, cobalt and manganese, for example, a compound having a composition represented by the following [Formula 1] or [Formula 2].
- M 1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, W, Mo, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta and Nb, 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.1.
- the positive electrode active material precursor according to the present invention prepared as described above may be mixed with a lithium raw material and then fired to prepare a positive electrode active material.
- the lithium raw material may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound containing a lithium source, and preferably lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ), lithium hydroxide (LiOHH 2 O), LiNO 3 , CH 3 COOLi and Li 2 (COO) 2 At least one selected from the group consisting of may be used.
- the precursor and the lithium raw material may be mixed so that a molar ratio of transition metal (Me):lithium (Li) included in the precursor is 1:1 to 1:1.2, preferably 1:1 to 1:1.1.
- a molar ratio of transition metal (Me):lithium (Li) included in the precursor is 1:1 to 1:1.2, preferably 1:1 to 1:1.1.
- the lithium raw material is mixed below the above range, there is a risk that the capacity of the positive active material to be produced is lowered, and when the lithium raw material is mixed in excess of the above range, the particles are sintered during the firing process, making it difficult to manufacture the positive active material It may be difficult, and separation of the positive active material particles after capacity reduction and firing may occur.
- a material containing a doping element M 2 may be additionally mixed during the sintering.
- the doping element M 2 may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, W, Mo, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta and Nb, and the doping element M 2 containing raw material is doped It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of acetate, sulfate, sulfide, hydroxide, oxide, or oxyhydroxide containing element M 2 .
- the sintering may be performed at 700° C. to 800° C. for 5 hours to 20 hours, preferably at 700° C. to 780° C. for 5 to 15 hours, but is not limited thereto.
- the positive active material may be, for example, a lithium nickel cobalt manganese-based oxide represented by the following formula (3).
- M 2 may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, W, Mo, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, and Nb.
- 1+p represents the molar ratio of lithium in the lithium transition metal oxide, and may be 0 ⁇ p ⁇ 0.3, preferably 0 ⁇ p ⁇ 0.2.
- the x represents a molar ratio of nickel among all transition metals, and may be 0.80 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0, 0.85 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, or 0.90 ⁇ x ⁇ 1. When the nickel content satisfies the above range, excellent capacity characteristics can be realized.
- the y represents a molar ratio of cobalt among all transition metals, and may be 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.20, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.15, or 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.10.
- the z represents the molar ratio of manganese among all transition metals, and may be 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.20, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.15, or 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.10.
- the w represents the molar ratio of M 2 among all transition metals, and may be 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.1, or 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.05.
- the present invention provides a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery comprising the positive electrode active material prepared by the above-described method.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector and including the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, or carbon, nickel, titanium on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , silver or the like surface-treated may be used.
- the positive electrode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m, and may increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material by forming fine irregularities on the surface of the current collector.
- it may be used in various forms, such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam, a non-woven body.
- the positive active material layer may include a conductive material and a binder together with the positive active material.
- the positive active material may be included in an amount of 80 to 99% by weight, more specifically, 85 to 98% by weight based on the total weight of the positive active material layer.
- excellent capacity characteristics may be exhibited.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and in the configured battery, it can be used without any particular limitation as long as it does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity.
- the conductive material include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, and carbon fiber; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or a conductive polymer such as a polyphenylene derivative, and the like, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the conductive material may be included in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the positive active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between the positive active material particles and the adhesion between the positive active material and the current collector.
- Specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene and rubber (SBR), fluororubber, or various copolymers thereof, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the positive active material layer.
- the positive electrode may be manufactured according to a conventional positive electrode manufacturing method except for using the above positive electrode active material. Specifically, the positive electrode active material and, optionally, a positive electrode mixture prepared by dissolving or dispersing a binder and a conductive material in a solvent is coated on a positive electrode current collector, and then dried and rolled, or the positive electrode mixture is prepared separately It can be produced by casting on a support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling from this support on a positive electrode current collector.
- the solvent used for preparing the positive electrode mixture may be a solvent generally used in the art, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and acetone or water, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the amount of the solvent used is enough to dissolve or disperse the positive electrode active material, the conductive material and the binder in consideration of the application thickness of the slurry and the production yield, and to have a viscosity capable of exhibiting excellent thickness uniformity during application for the production of the positive electrode thereafter. do.
- the present invention can manufacture an electrochemical device including the positive electrode.
- the electrochemical device may specifically be a battery, a capacitor, or the like, and more specifically, may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery specifically includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode positioned to face the positive electrode, and a separator and an electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode is the same as described above, so detailed description is omitted, Hereinafter, only the remaining components will be described in detail.
- the lithium secondary battery may optionally further include a battery container for accommodating the electrode assembly of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator, and a sealing member for sealing the battery container.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and for example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper or stainless steel surface. Carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. surface-treated, aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a thickness of typically 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and similarly to the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to strengthen the bonding force of the negative electrode active material.
- it may be used in various forms such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam body, a nonwoven body, and the like.
- the anode active material layer optionally includes a binder and a conductive material together with the anode active material.
- anode active material a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium may be used.
- Specific examples include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, and amorphous carbon; metal compounds capable of alloying with lithium, such as Si, Al, Sn, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Mg, Ga, Cd, Si alloy, Sn alloy, or Al alloy; metal oxides capable of doping and dedoping lithium, such as SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ 2), SnO 2 , vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide; or a composite including the above-mentioned metallic compound and a carbonaceous material, such as a Si-C composite or a Sn-C composite, and the like, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- a metal lithium thin film may be used as the negative electrode active material.
- the anode active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt%
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and may be typically included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the anode active material layer.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polytetra fluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, and various copolymers thereof.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene polymer
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-
- the conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the anode active material, and may be included in an amount of 10 wt% or less, preferably 5 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the anode active material layer.
- a conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
- carbon black such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- carbon fluoride such as aluminum and nickel powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the negative electrode active material layer may be prepared by applying the negative electrode active material, and optionally a negative electrode mixture prepared by dissolving or dispersing a binder and a conductive material in a solvent, on the negative electrode current collector and drying, or the negative electrode mixture is separately prepared It can be prepared by casting on a support of a, and then laminating a film obtained by peeling from this support on a negative electrode current collector.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move, and if it is used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery, it can be used without any particular limitation, especially for the movement of ions in the electrolyte It is preferable to have a low resistance to and excellent electrolyte moisture content.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of a polyolefin-based polymer such as an ethylene homopolymer, a propylene homopolymer, an ethylene/butene copolymer, an ethylene/hexene copolymer, and an ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or these
- a laminated structure of two or more layers of may be used.
- a conventional porous nonwoven fabric for example, a nonwoven fabric made of high melting point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, etc. may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used, and may optionally be used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- examples of the electrolyte used in the present invention include organic liquid electrolytes, inorganic liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, and molten inorganic electrolytes, which can be used in the manufacture of lithium secondary batteries, and are limited to these. it's not going to be
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without any particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone
- ether-based solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene
- alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol
- nitriles such as R-CN (R is a linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon group having 2
- a carbonate-based solvent is preferable, and a cyclic carbonate (for example, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) having high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant capable of increasing the charge/discharge performance of the battery, and a low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compound ( For example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate) is more preferable.
- a cyclic carbonate for example, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.
- a low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compound for example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate
- the lithium salt may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2.
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 , etc. may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1 to 4.0M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is included in the above range, since the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, excellent electrolyte performance may be exhibited, and lithium ions may move effectively.
- the electrolyte may further include additives for the purpose of improving battery life characteristics, suppressing reduction in battery capacity, and improving battery discharge capacity.
- the lithium secondary battery as described above may be usefully used in portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- NiSO 4 , CoSO 4 , and MnSO 4 were dissolved in ion-exchanged water in an amount such that the molar ratio of nickel:cobalt:manganese was 92:4:4 to prepare a transition metal aqueous solution having a concentration of 2.28M.
- Distilled water in a batch reactor of 20L, ammonia water having a concentration of 15% by weight, and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 40% by weight were filled, and the temperature of the reactor was raised while stirring at 600rpm while purging the N 2 gas.
- Example 2 The same method as in Example 1, except that the supply rate of the aqueous transition metal solution was increased to 6000 ml/hr and the supply rate of the ammonia water was increased to 540 ml/hr in (S-3), and the total reaction time was 10 hours. to prepare a positive active material.
- NiSO 4 , CoSO 4 , and MnSO 4 were dissolved in ion-exchanged water in an amount such that the molar ratio of nickel:cobalt:manganese was 92:4:4 to prepare a transition metal aqueous solution having a concentration of 2.28M.
- Distilled water in a batch reactor of 20L, ammonia water having a concentration of 15% by weight, and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 40% by weight were filled, and the temperature of the reactor was raised while stirring at 600rpm while purging the N 2 gas.
- Example 1 except that in (S-3) of Example 1, the supply rate of the aqueous transition metal solution was increased to 1800 ml/hr and the supply rate of the ammonia water was increased to 162 ml/hr, and the total reaction time was 30 hours.
- a precursor for a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode active material were prepared in the same manner as described above.
- the average particle diameter (D50), BET specific surface area, and tap density of the precursors for the cathode active material prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were measured through the following methods.
- Average particle size D50 It was measured as a volume-based cumulative particle size distribution using a particle size distribution measuring device (Microtrac S3500, Microtrac).
- BET specific surface area The specific surface area was measured by the BET method by calculating from the amount of nitrogen gas adsorbed under liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) using BELSORP-mini II manufactured by BEL Japan.
- the surface of the precursor particles for the positive electrode active material and the precursor powder prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were measured by SEM.
- 1, 2 and 3 show SEM images of the precursors for the positive electrode active material prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, respectively.
- FIG. 4 is an SEM image showing the particle size distribution of the precursor particles collected in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are shown.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing the positive electrode active material, conductive material and PVDF binder prepared in Examples 1 and 2 with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in a weight ratio of 97.5: 1: 1.5 did.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the slurry was coated on an aluminum current collector using a doctor blade, dried and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by laminating a polyethylene separator and a lithium metal negative electrode on the positive electrode prepared as described above, and an electrolyte was injected to prepare a coin battery.
- an electrolyte a solution in which LiPF 6 was dissolved at a concentration of 1M in an organic solvent mixed with ethylene carbonate (EC): ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in a volume ratio of 3: 3: 4 was used.
- the coin battery prepared as described above was charged with a constant current at 25°C at a rate of 0.1C until the voltage became 4.25V, and then discharged at a constant current of 0.1C until the voltage reached 2.5V, then the charge capacity and discharge The dose was measured.
- the coin battery manufactured as described above was charged with a constant current at 25° C. at a rate of 0.2 C until the voltage became 4.25 V, then discharged at a constant current of 0.2 C until the voltage reached 2.5 V, and then the charging capacity and discharge capacity were measured.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a specific capacity-voltage profile at 0.1C/0.1C charging/discharging.
- the coin battery prepared in Experimental Example 3 was charged to 4.25V at a constant current of 0.33C at 45°C. Then, discharge was performed until it became 2.5V with a constant current of 0.33C. After repeating this cycle 30 times with the charging and discharging cycle as 1 cycle, the initial charge/discharge efficiency and capacity retention rate after 30 cycles of the lithium secondary batteries of Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were measured.
- the initial charge/discharge efficiency is a percentage of the ratio of the discharge capacity to the charge capacity after one cycle
- the capacity retention rate after 30 cycles is the percentage of the ratio of the discharge capacity after 30 cycles to the discharge capacity after one cycle.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
D50 [단위: ㎛] | BET [단위: m2/g] | 탭 밀도[단위: g/cc] | |
실시예 1 | 14.9 | 12.66 | 1.98 |
비교예 1 | 15.1 | 8.41 | 2.08 |
비교예 2 | 15.2 | 9.23 | 2.04 |
D10[㎛] | D50[㎛] | D90[㎛] | Span (D90-D10)/D50 | |
실시예 1 | 6.48 | 8.71 | 12.67 | 0.71 |
실시예 2 | 7.35 | 9.92 | 14.48 | 0.72 |
비교예 3 | 5.04 | 7.14 | 10.85 | 0.81 |
비교예 4 | 6.62 | 10.09 | 16.17 | 0.95 |
0.1C/0.1C 충/방전 [단위: mAh/g] |
0.2C/0.2C 충방전 [단위: mAh/g] |
|||
충전용량 | 방전용량 | 충전 용량 | 방전 용량 | |
실시예 1 | 240.9 | 226.4 | 241.0 | 219.9 |
비교예 1 | 239.9 | 222.6 | 240.3 | 215.4 |
비교예 2 | 240.2 | 223.7 | 239.9 | 216.4 |
초기 충방전 효율[%] | 30 사이클 후 용량 유지율[%] | |
실시예 1 | 94.5 | 95.4 |
비교예 1 | 92.4 | 94.0 |
비교예 2 | 93.1 | 94.2 |
Claims (14)
- 반응기에 전이금속 수용액, 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제 및 염기성 화합물을 공급하면서 공침 반응시켜 양극 활물질용 전구체 씨드(seed)를 형성하는 씨드 형성 단계; 및상기 양극 활물질용 전구체 씨드가 형성된 반응 용액에 전이금속 수용액, 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제 및 염기성 화합물을 공급하면서 공침 반응시켜 양극 활물질용 전구체 입자를 성장시키는 입자 성장 단계를 포함하고,상기 입자 성장 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도가 상기 씨드 형성 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도의 2배 이상인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 입자 성장 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도가 상기 씨드 형성 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도의 2배 내지 10배인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 입자 성장 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도가 상기 씨드 형성 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액 및 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도의 3배 내지 5배인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 씨드 형성 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액의 공급 속도에 대한 상기 입자 성장 단계에서의 전이금속 수용액의 공급 속도의 비와, 상기 씨드 형성 단계에서의 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도에 대한 상기 입자 성장 단계에서의 암모늄 양이온 착물 형성제의 공급 속도의 비가 동일한 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 씨드 형성 단계는 1시간 내지 8시간 동안 수행되는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전이금속 수용액은 니켈, 코발트 및 망간 원소를 포함하며, 전체 전이금속 원소 중 니켈을 30몰% 이상으로 포함하는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 전이금속 수용액은 전체 전이금속 원소 중 니켈을 80몰% 이상으로 포함하는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 씨드 형성 단계에서 상기 염기성 화합물은 반응 용액의 pH가 11.0 내지 12.5를 유지하도록 하는 양으로 투입되는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 입자 성장 단계에서 상기 염기성 화합물은 반응 용액의 pH가 10.5 내지 12.0을 유지하도록 하는 양으로 투입되는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 씨드 형성 단계 및 입자 성장 단계에서 반응 용액의 온도가 40℃ 내지 65℃인 양극 활물질용 전구체의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 1 내지 10 중 어느 한 항의 제조 방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질용 전구체.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질용 전구체는 BET 비표면적이 10m2/g 내지 20m2/g이고, 탭 밀도가 1.8 내지 2.2g/cc인 양극 활물질용 전구체.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질용 전구체는 (D90-D10)/D50이 0.5 내지 0.8인 양극 활물질용 전구체.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질용 전구체는 하기 [화학식 1] 또는 [화학식 2]로 표시되는 조성을 갖는 것인 양극 활물질용 전구체.[화학식 1][NiaCobMncM1 d](OH)2[화학식 2][NiaCobMncM1 d]O·OH상기 화학식 1 및 2에서,M1은 Al, W, Mo, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta 및 Nb으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나 이상이며, 0.8≤a<1, 0<b<0.2, 0<c<0.2 0≤d<0.1임.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280010946.9A CN116724004A (zh) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | 正极活性材料用前体及其制备方法 |
US18/276,366 US20240124323A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | Precursor For Positive Electrode Active Material And Method Of Preparing The Same |
EP22753036.7A EP4273101A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | Positive electrode active material precursor, and method for producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20210020103 | 2021-02-15 | ||
KR10-2021-0020103 | 2021-02-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022173276A1 true WO2022173276A1 (ko) | 2022-08-18 |
Family
ID=82838408
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2022/002241 WO2022173276A1 (ko) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | 양극 활물질용 전구체 및 그 제조 방법 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240124323A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP4273101A1 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR102653223B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN116724004A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2022173276A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116443948A (zh) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-07-18 | 南通金通储能动力新材料有限公司 | 一种具有低锂镍混排ncma四元正极材料前驱体及制备方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011105588A (ja) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-06-02 | Toda Kogyo Corp | ニッケル・コバルト・マンガン系化合物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、リチウム複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
KR20180091754A (ko) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체 및 양극 활물질의 제조방법 |
KR20200001082A (ko) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 전구체, 이의 제조방법, 이로부터 형성된 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 함유한 리튬이차전지 |
KR20200019571A (ko) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-02-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 전구체, 이의 제조방법, 이로부터 형성된 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 함유한 리튬이차전지 |
KR20210001449A (ko) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-06 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 2단계 공침 공정으로 제조된 양극활물질 전구체, 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극활물질, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20210020103A (ko) | 2018-09-30 | 2021-02-23 | 광동 오포 모바일 텔레커뮤니케이션즈 코포레이션 리미티드 | 데이터 처리 방법 및 장치, 전자 기기 및 저장 매체 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102199714B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-02 | 2021-01-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 함유한 리튬이차전지 |
-
2022
- 2022-02-15 EP EP22753036.7A patent/EP4273101A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-15 KR KR1020220019783A patent/KR102653223B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2022-02-15 US US18/276,366 patent/US20240124323A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-15 WO PCT/KR2022/002241 patent/WO2022173276A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2022-02-15 CN CN202280010946.9A patent/CN116724004A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011105588A (ja) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-06-02 | Toda Kogyo Corp | ニッケル・コバルト・マンガン系化合物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、リチウム複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
KR20180091754A (ko) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체 및 양극 활물질의 제조방법 |
KR20200001082A (ko) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 전구체, 이의 제조방법, 이로부터 형성된 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 함유한 리튬이차전지 |
KR20200019571A (ko) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-02-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 전구체, 이의 제조방법, 이로부터 형성된 리튬이차전지용 니켈계 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 함유한 리튬이차전지 |
KR20210020103A (ko) | 2018-09-30 | 2021-02-23 | 광동 오포 모바일 텔레커뮤니케이션즈 코포레이션 리미티드 | 데이터 처리 방법 및 장치, 전자 기기 및 저장 매체 |
KR20210001449A (ko) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-06 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 2단계 공침 공정으로 제조된 양극활물질 전구체, 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극활물질, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116443948A (zh) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-07-18 | 南通金通储能动力新材料有限公司 | 一种具有低锂镍混排ncma四元正极材料前驱体及制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20220117169A (ko) | 2022-08-23 |
KR102653223B1 (ko) | 2024-04-01 |
EP4273101A1 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
US20240124323A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
CN116724004A (zh) | 2023-09-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2019221497A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2017150945A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질의 전구체 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극활물질 | |
WO2016204563A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
WO2019103363A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019059552A2 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019078503A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019004602A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체의 제조 방법 | |
WO2019103461A2 (ko) | 양극활물질 전구체, 그 제조 방법, 이를 이용해 제조된 양극 활물질, 양극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2021187963A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체의 제조 방법, 양극 활물질 전구체, 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극 활물질, 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019059654A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2021154021A1 (ko) | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2018160023A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2019059647A2 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2020055198A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재의 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 리튬 이차전지용 양극재 | |
WO2019212321A1 (ko) | 양극 활물질의 세정 방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 활물질의 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 | |
WO2022154603A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2020111898A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체의 제조 방법 | |
WO2022139311A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2022092922A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2019194609A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조방법, 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2021066574A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 상기 양극 활물질의 제조 방법 | |
WO2022173276A1 (ko) | 양극 활물질용 전구체 및 그 제조 방법 | |
WO2018143783A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체 및 양극 활물질의 제조방법 | |
WO2022177352A1 (ko) | 양극 활물질용 전구체 및 그 제조 방법 | |
WO2020145638A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 상기 제조방법에 의해 제조된 양극 활물질 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22753036 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280010946.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18276366 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022753036 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20230731 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |