WO2022172884A1 - Usine de plante et procédé de production de plantes cultivées - Google Patents

Usine de plante et procédé de production de plantes cultivées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022172884A1
WO2022172884A1 PCT/JP2022/004656 JP2022004656W WO2022172884A1 WO 2022172884 A1 WO2022172884 A1 WO 2022172884A1 JP 2022004656 W JP2022004656 W JP 2022004656W WO 2022172884 A1 WO2022172884 A1 WO 2022172884A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cultivation
space
plant
plant factory
liquid fertilizer
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2022/004656
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
透 沼上
基 小川
肇 浪原
謙治 中村
優育 永田
Original Assignee
株式会社A-Plus
エスペックミック株式会社
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Priority claimed from JP2022009792A external-priority patent/JP2022122261A/ja
Application filed by 株式会社A-Plus, エスペックミック株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社A-Plus
Publication of WO2022172884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022172884A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/04—Hydroponic culture on conveyors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for creating plant factories and cultivated plants.
  • Patent Document 1 While sequentially transporting cultivation trays (the name in Patent Document 1) in one direction, plants are cultivated through a process in which the cultivation trays are conveyed in a conveying section from the start end region to the end region of the cultivation garter.
  • a production line within a plant factory is disclosed in which pathways are formed.
  • the roots of the plants held in the cultivation tray hang downward from the cultivation tray and extend along the inner surface of the cultivation garter.
  • the nutrient solution naturally flows down in the cultivation garter. With this configuration, the plants are cultivated while being sequentially conveyed on one cultivation garter.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a plant factory and a method for producing cultivated plants that can suppress bacterial contamination.
  • the first disclosure is a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside, and a communication part ( A plurality of cultivation units (40) having at least a working space (20) isolated from the outside and a cultivation tray (41) holding liquid fertilizer, in which plants are planted. and a transport mechanism (80) for transporting the cultivation unit (40) between the cultivation space (10) and the work space (20), wherein the cultivation space (10) is provided with the communication part ( Other than 30), there is no part that allows goods and people to enter and exit from the outside, and the door (31) is in a state other than that the transport mechanism (80) passes through. Then, it is a plant factory (1) in a closed state.
  • a second disclosure is the plant factory (1) according to the first disclosure, wherein at least one of the cultivation space (10) and the working space (20) is a liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41).
  • a plant factory (1) characterized by having a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (70, 120) for exchanging or supplying
  • a third disclosure is the plant factory (1) according to the second disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (70, 120) discharges the entire amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) and then supplies the entire amount.
  • a plant factory (1) characterized by:
  • a fourth disclosure is the plant factory (1) according to the second disclosure or the third disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (70, 120) comprises liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) and A plant factory (1) characterized by changing the amount according to the growth phase of the plant.
  • a fifth disclosure is a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside, a working space (20) isolated from the outside, and a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside and connected to the working space (20).
  • a plurality of cultivation units (40) having at least connection spaces (200, 300) connected to each other and cultivation trays (41) for holding liquid fertilizer, in which plants are planted; 10), a conveying mechanism (80) for conveying between the connection space (200, 300) and the work space (20), and a communication state and a disconnection state of the connection between the cultivation space (10) and the connection space.
  • a cultivation space side communication part (201, 301, 305) having a cultivation space side door (202, 302, 306) that can be freely switched between the work space (20) and the connection space (200, 300) a work space side communication part (203, 303, 307) having a work space side door (204, 304, 308) that allows the connection with the cultivation space to be switched between a communication state and a cutoff state; (10) and the connection spaces (200, 300) are connected to the outside in addition to the cultivation space side communication portions (201, 301, 305) and the work space side communication portions (203, 303, 307).
  • cultivation space side door (202, 302, 306) and the work space side door (204, 304, 308) are connected to the transport mechanism.
  • Plant factories (1B, 1C) are closed except when (80) passes through.
  • a sixth disclosure is the plant factory (1C) according to the fifth disclosure, wherein the cultivation space side communication portions (301, 305) and the work space side communication portions (303, 307) are provided at a plurality of locations.
  • a plant factory (1C) characterized by:
  • a seventh disclosure is the plant factory (1B, 1C) according to the fifth disclosure or the sixth disclosure, wherein a cleaning device (210) for maintaining the connection space (200, 300) in a clean state is provided.
  • a plant factory (1B, 1C) characterized by:
  • An eighth disclosure is the plant factory (1C) according to any one of the fifth disclosure to the seventh disclosure, wherein the connection space (300) includes a mid-cultivation working unit capable of performing work during the cultivation.
  • a plant factory (1C) characterized by comprising:
  • a ninth disclosure is the plant factory (1C) according to any one of the fifth disclosure to the eighth disclosure, wherein the connecting space (300) replaces liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41). or a plant factory (1C) characterized by having a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (310) for supplying.
  • a tenth disclosure is the plant factory (1C) according to the ninth disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (310) supplies the entire amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) after discharging the entire amount.
  • a plant factory (1C) characterized by
  • An eleventh disclosure is the plant factory (1C) according to the ninth or tenth disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism (310) changes the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41). , changing according to the growth phase of the plant.
  • a twelfth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the first disclosure to the eleventh disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) is used in the cultivation space ( 10) and a plant factory (1B, 1C) characterized in that supply and discharge are not performed while staying in the transport mechanism (80).
  • a thirteenth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the first disclosure to the twelfth disclosure, wherein the cultivation unit (40) includes the cultivation tray (41) and the A plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized by comprising a cultivation panel (42) that is combined with a cultivation tray (41) and holds a plant for each cultivation unit.
  • a fourteenth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to the thirteenth disclosure, wherein the work space (20) includes at least one of the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation panel (42), A plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized by having a cultivation unit handling mechanism (100) that replaces with a clean product.
  • a fifteenth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to the thirteenth disclosure or the fourteenth disclosure, wherein the work space (20) sows plant seeds on the cultivation panel (42).
  • a sixteenth disclosure is directed to the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to the fifteenth disclosure, wherein the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation panel (42) are used when the seeding mechanism (90) sows seeds.
  • a plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized in that at least one of them has a cultivation unit handling mechanism (100) for exchanging for or supplying a clean product.
  • a seventeenth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the thirteenth disclosure to the sixteenth disclosure, wherein the cultivation panel (42) includes cultivation holes (42a) for holding plants. are arranged at a high density, and a low-density cultivation panel in which the cultivation holes (42a) are arranged at a lower density than the high-density cultivation panel, and the work space (20)
  • the cultivation panel (42) includes cultivation holes (42a) for holding plants. are arranged at a high density, and a low-density cultivation panel in which the cultivation holes (42a) are arranged at a lower density than the high-density cultivation panel, and the work space (20)
  • a plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized by having a planting mechanism (110) for planting plants held in the high-density cultivation panel to the low-density cultivation panel.
  • An eighteenth disclosure is directed to the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to the seventeenth disclosure, wherein the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation panel (42) are used when the planting mechanism (110) replants.
  • a plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized by having a cultivation unit handling mechanism (100) for replacing at least one of the above with a clean product.
  • a nineteenth disclosure is a plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the first disclosure to the eighteenth disclosure, wherein only plants sown at the same time and having the same growing phase grow in the cultivation unit ( 40) comprising a control unit (150) that controls to be held in A plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) characterized by
  • a twentieth disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to the nineteenth disclosure, wherein the cultivation space (10) has a plurality of types of illumination (61, 62) with different spectral distributions, or has lighting that can switch between different lights to emit light, and the control unit (150) performs control to change the spectral distribution of the light irradiated to the cultivation unit (40) according to the growth phase.
  • the cultivation space (10) has a plurality of types of illumination (61, 62) with different spectral distributions, or has lighting that can switch between different lights to emit light
  • the control unit (150) performs control to change the spectral distribution of the light irradiated to the cultivation unit (40) according to the growth phase.
  • a 21st disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the 1st disclosure to the 20th disclosure, wherein the work space (20) includes a harvest from the cultivation unit (40).
  • a 22nd disclosure is the plant factory (1, 1B, 1C) according to any one of the 1st disclosure to the 21st disclosure, wherein the cultivation unit (40) after use is washed to make it a clean product.
  • the 23rd disclosure is a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside, and a communication part ( a working space (20) connected to the cultivation space (10) by 30) and isolated from the outside; a cultivation unit (40) in which plants are planted and having at least a cultivation tray (41); and the cultivation unit (40 ) between the cultivation space (10) and the work space (20), and the cultivation space (10) includes, in addition to the communication portion (30),
  • a twenty-fourth disclosure is a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside, a working space (20) isolated from the outside, and a cultivation space (10) isolated from the outside and connected to the working space (20).
  • a plurality of cultivation units (40) having at least connection spaces (200, 300) connected to each other and cultivation trays (41) for holding liquid fertilizer, in which plants are planted; 10), a transport mechanism (80) that transports between the connection space (200, 300) and the work space (20), and a connection between the cultivation space (10) and the connection space (200, 300)
  • Cultivation space side communication parts (201, 301, 305) having cultivation space side doors (202, 302, 306) that can be switched between a communication state and a cutoff state, the work space (20) and the connection space a work space side communication part (203, 303, 307) having a work space side door (204, 304, 308) that can switch the connection with (200, 300) between a communication state and a cutoff state;
  • a twenty-fifth disclosure is, in the method for producing a cultivated plant according to the twenty-fourth disclosure, performing at least part of an operation performed during cultivation in the connection space (300);
  • a twenty-sixth disclosure is a method for producing a cultivated plant according to the twenty-fourth disclosure or the twenty-fifth disclosure, wherein at least one of replacement and supply of liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) is performed in the connection space (300).
  • a method for creating a cultivated plant characterized by:
  • a twenty-seventh disclosure is a method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the twenty-third disclosure to the twenty-sixth disclosure, wherein the liquid fertilizer is replaced after the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) is completely discharged and then supplied. is performed during cultivation.
  • a twenty-eighth disclosure is the method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the twenty-third to the twenty-seventh disclosures, wherein the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray (41) is determined during the plant growth phase.
  • a twenty-ninth disclosure is a method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the twenty-third to the twenty-eighth disclosures, wherein the cultivation unit (40) comprises the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation tray (41). ) and a cultivation panel (42) for holding plants in each cultivation unit, wherein the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation panel (42) at least either at the start of cultivation or during cultivation. and replacing at least one of them with a clean product.
  • a thirtieth disclosure is a method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the twenty-third to twenty-ninth disclosures, wherein only plants sown at the same time and in the same growth phase are placed in the cultivation unit (40). is maintained.
  • a 31st disclosure is a method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the 23rd disclosure to the 30th disclosure, wherein the cultivation unit (40) comprises the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation tray (41). ) and a cultivation panel (42) for holding plants in each cultivation unit, and the cultivation panel (42) has cultivation holes (42a) for holding plants arranged at high density.
  • the cultivation unit (40) comprises the cultivation tray (41) and the cultivation tray (41). ) and a cultivation panel (42) for holding plants in each cultivation unit, and the cultivation panel (42) has cultivation holes (42a) for holding plants arranged at high density.
  • a high-density cultivation panel and a low-density cultivation panel arranged at a lower density than the high-density cultivation panel are prepared, and fixed planting for replanting the plants held in the high-density cultivation panel to the low-density cultivation panel. and performing a work.
  • a thirty-second disclosure is the method for producing a cultivated plant according to any one of the twenty-third disclosure to the thirty-first disclosure, wherein the spectral distribution of the light irradiated to the cultivation unit (40) is determined according to the growth phase of the plant. is changed by the method.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing members constituting a cultivation unit 40; 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cultivation unit 40.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a growing state of plants in the cultivation space 10.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the cultivation process of the plant in the plant factory of this embodiment performed under control of the control part 150.
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows a bacteriological examination result.
  • It is a figure which shows the structure of the plant factory of 3rd Embodiment.
  • It is a figure which shows the structure of the plant factory of 4th Embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a plant factory according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, and the size and shape of each part are exaggerated or omitted as appropriate to facilitate understanding. ing. Also, in the following description, specific numerical values, shapes, and the like are shown and described, but these can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below.
  • the plant factory 1 of this embodiment includes a cultivation space 10 and a work space 20, and cultivates edible lettuce, for example, as cultivated plants. More specifically, for example, leafy vegetables (ruffle lettuce, romaine lettuce, sachet, leaf lettuce, kale, Japanese mustard spinach, spinach, ice plant, salad greens, etc.), fruit vegetables (strawberries, tomatoes, etc.), root vegetables (hatsuka radish, carrots, etc.) , turnips, etc.).
  • Cultivation space 10 is a space in which plants to be cultivated are usually placed and grown, and is isolated from the outside.
  • isolation from the outside refers not only to being able to prevent the invasion of pests harmful to plant cultivation, but also to being managed so as not to easily bring in bacteria.
  • the cultivation space 10 includes a communication section 30 that allows goods and people to enter and exit the work space, which will be described later.
  • a door 31 is provided in the communicating portion 30, and is basically in a closed state except when a conveying mechanism (to be described later) passes through.
  • the cultivation space 10 is not provided with any parts other than the communication part 30 that allow goods and people to enter and exit from the outside.
  • an emergency door, a maintenance door, or the like which is normally not opened and closed and can sufficiently ensure isolation from the outside, may be provided.
  • the cultivation space 10 is managed so that no one enters, except when necessary for maintenance or the like. Therefore, no one enters the cultivation space 10 while the plants are being cultivated.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing members constituting the cultivation unit 40.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation unit 40.
  • the cultivation unit 40 has a cultivation tray 41 and a cultivation panel 42 .
  • the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 may be configured by, for example, a resin molded product, or may be configured by a metal press-molded product.
  • the cultivation tray 41 has a dish-like configuration with an upper opening, and can accommodate and hold liquid fertilizer.
  • the cultivation tray 41 has a sufficient depth such that the stored liquid fertilizer does not leak even during transportation by the transportation mechanism 80 described later.
  • the cultivation panel 42 is combined with the cultivation tray 41 so as to cover the opening of the cultivation tray 41, and holds plants for each cultivation unit.
  • the cultivation panel 42 is provided with a plurality of cultivation holes 42a, liquid fertilizer injection holes 42b, and liquid fertilizer discharge holes 42c.
  • the cultivation hole 42a is a bottomed hole capable of holding a plant P together with a urethane sponge (not shown), which will be described later. Although it is generally desirable that the cultivation holes 42a are evenly spaced from each other, this arrangement can be changed as appropriate.
  • the liquid manure injection hole 42b and the liquid manure discharge hole 42c of the present embodiment are arranged in the vicinity of diagonally opposite corners of the cultivation panel 42, respectively.
  • the positions of the liquid fertilizer injection hole 42b and the liquid fertilizer discharge hole 42c can be changed as appropriate.
  • the liquid fertilizer is discharged from the liquid fertilizer discharge hole 42c and injected from the liquid fertilizer injection hole 42b.
  • the cultivation panel 42 As the cultivation panel 42, a high-density cultivation panel in which cultivation holes 42a for holding plants are arranged at high density and a low-density cultivation panel in which cultivation holes 42a are arranged at a lower density than the high-density cultivation panel are prepared. It is Here, high density and low density refer to the number of cultivation holes 42a. The selection between the high-density cultivation panel and the low-density cultivation panel and the specific number of cultivation holes 42a can be appropriately changed according to the growth stage and the growth conditions of the plant to be cultivated. Note that FIG. 2 shows a low-density cultivation panel.
  • the present embodiment two types of cultivation panels, a high-density cultivation panel and a low-density cultivation panel, are prepared, but three or more types of arrangement densities of the cultivation holes 42a may be prepared, or only one type may be used. good.
  • the step of fixed planting which will be described later, can be omitted.
  • the overall shape of the cultivation unit 40 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, but this shape may be a substantially cylindrical shape and can be changed as appropriate.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the growth state of plants in the cultivation space 10.
  • cultivation units 40 are arranged on a plurality of shelves 50 as shown in FIG.
  • the cultivation space 10 is provided with a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 for exchanging the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 .
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 is provided in the cultivation space 10, the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 arranged in the work space 20, which will be described later, may be omitted.
  • the work space 20 is arranged so as to communicate with the cultivation space 10 via the communicating portion 30, and the connection with the cultivation space 10 can be switched between a communicating state and a blocked state.
  • the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 may be kept in communication with each other.
  • the working space 20 is isolated from the outside, ensuring a sufficiently high degree of cleanliness.
  • the cleanliness of the cultivation space 10 is at a higher level than the cleanliness of the working space 20.
  • a transport mechanism 80 that transports the cultivation unit 40 between the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 is provided in the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 .
  • the transport mechanism 80 is controlled by the control unit 150 to take out the cultivation unit 40 from the shelf 50 in the cultivation space 10 and perform the intended work in the work space 20. Transport to location.
  • the transport mechanism 80 is controlled by the control section 150 to transport the cultivation unit 40 from the working space 20 into the cultivation space 10 and return it to the predetermined shelf 50 .
  • Various conventionally known configurations capable of performing the above operations can be applied to the transport mechanism 80 .
  • it may be in the shape of a monorail, or in the shape of a forklift or a robot that runs independently.
  • the work space 20 is further provided with a sowing mechanism 90, a cultivation unit handling mechanism 100, a planting mechanism 110, a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120, a harvesting mechanism 130, a washing mechanism 140, and a control section 150. .
  • the seeding mechanism 90 is controlled by the control unit 150 to sow plant seeds on the cultivation panel 42 .
  • the cultivation panel 42 used for seeding is a high-density cultivation panel.
  • a cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 is provided near the seeding mechanism 90 .
  • the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 is controlled by the control unit 150 to supply clean cultivation trays 41 and cultivation panels 42 when the sowing mechanism 90 sows seeds.
  • the clean product refers to a clean cultivation tray 41 and cultivation panel 42 in which the number of bacteria that adversely affect cultivation is reduced, preferably bacteria are removed. It may be a sterilized or sterilized reusable product.
  • the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 is configured to supply clean cultivation trays 41 and cultivation panels 42 when the sowing mechanism 90 sows seeds.
  • the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 after use may be configured to be cleaned by a cleaning mechanism 140 described below and supplied with clean items (recycled items).
  • a planting mechanism 110 is arranged near the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100, and when the planting mechanism 110 replants, the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 are replaced with clean products.
  • the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 may have a configuration in which dedicated mechanisms are arranged respectively for seeding and fixed planting.
  • the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 may replace either one of the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 with a clean product or supply a clean product.
  • the planting mechanism 110 is controlled by the control unit 150 to perform a planting operation of transplanting the plants held in the high-density cultivation panel to the low-density cultivation panel.
  • the planting mechanism 110 is provided near the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100, and as described above, the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 replaces the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 with clean products at the time of planting. At this time, the clean cultivation panel 42 to be replaced is a low-density cultivation panel.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 is controlled by the controller 150 to exchange or supply the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 .
  • a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 is provided in the cultivation space 10
  • a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 is provided in the work space 20, so that liquid fertilizer exchange can be performed in both the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20. ing.
  • either the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 or the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 can be used, or both can be used in combination, depending on the space between the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 and the type of cultivated plant.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 in the cultivation space 10 may be omitted.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 is provided only in the work space 20, and when the cultivation tray 41 stays in the cultivation space 10 and the conveying mechanism 80, liquid fertilizer is not supplied or discharged.
  • the cleanliness of the space 10 can be further improved.
  • both the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 120 and the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 supply all the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 after all the liquid fertilizer is discharged.
  • the amount of germs remaining in the cultivation tray 41 can be minimized, and the cultivation tray 41 can be maintained in a clean state.
  • total discharge used herein does not mean that all water droplets are left, but refers to the discharge of the entire amount that can be discharged by normal handling such as suction.
  • the harvesting mechanism 130 is controlled by the control unit 150 to harvest plants that have completed growing from the cultivation unit 40 .
  • the cultivated plants harvested by the harvesting mechanism 130 are then packaged in a resin-made transparent bag or the like and shipped.
  • a transparent bag made of resin for packing and not to put corrugated cardboard or the like in the working space. This is because there is a high possibility that mites and dust are attached to cardboard or the like.
  • a packaging device that can perform the packaging work without manual work can be used.
  • the cleaning mechanism 140 is controlled by the control unit 150 to clean the cultivation unit 40 after use to make it a clean product. More specifically, the used cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 that have been replaced in the later-described fixed planting process are transported to the washing mechanism 140, and are washed and dried to obtain clean products. Also, the used cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 generated in the later-described harvesting process are conveyed to the cleaning mechanism 140, and are cleaned and dried to obtain clean products. The cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 are separated in the washing mechanism 140 and washed by a dedicated automatic washing machine. Drying takes place in a drying chamber.
  • the cleaning is not limited to cleaning using water or detergent, but may be cleaning in which disinfection, sterilization, or the like is further performed using chemicals, ultraviolet rays, or the like.
  • the cultivation tray 41 and cultivation panel 42 washed by the washing mechanism 140 are reused as clean items by the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 .
  • the washing process by the washing mechanism 140 is all mechanized and automatically performed, but for example, it is also possible to have an operator intervene in carrying it into the drying chamber.
  • control unit 150 controls the transport mechanism 80, the seeding mechanism 90, the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100, the planting mechanism 110, the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanisms 70 and 120, the harvesting mechanism 130, and the washing mechanism 140. Cultivation of plants in the plant factory 1 is controlled by overall control.
  • the control unit 150 is configured by, for example, a computer having a CPU, memory, and the like.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the plant cultivation process in the plant factory of this embodiment, which is performed under the control of the control unit 150.
  • FIG. 5 for each step (hereinafter simply indicated as S) indicating the process, the content of the process, the configuration mainly used in the process, the place where the process is performed, and the type of cultivation panel are shown. .
  • S the control unit 150.
  • the seeding mechanism 90 is used in the working space 20 to flood the urethane sponge.
  • This urethane sponge is to be fitted into the cultivation holes 42a. It should be noted that not only the urethane sponge used here, but also water-absorbing materials other than urethane sponge can be used as appropriate.
  • the seeding mechanism 90 is used in the work space 20 to seed the urethane sponge.
  • the above steps S10 and S20 are performed on another container holding the urethane sponge, but they may be performed on the cultivation panel 42 .
  • the seeding mechanism 90 is used in the work space 20 to put liquid fertilizer into the cultivation tray 41.
  • the seeding mechanism 90 is provided with the liquid fertilizer input function, but the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 may be provided with the liquid fertilizer input function, or the liquid fertilizer input mechanism may be provided separately.
  • the cultivation unit 40 is moved from the work space 20 to the cultivation space 10 using the transport mechanism 80, and the cultivation unit 40 is installed at a predetermined position on the shelf 50.
  • liquid fertilizer replacement mechanism 70 is used in cultivation space 10 to replace the entire amount of liquid fertilizer.
  • the control unit 150 controls the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 so as to change the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 according to the growing phase of the plant.
  • the plant can be grown with an appropriate composition and amount of liquid fertilizer according to the growth phase of the plant, and the growth can be advanced efficiently.
  • the liquid fertilizer replacement in S70 may be repeated multiple times after S80.
  • the cultivation unit 40 is taken out from the shelf 50 of the cultivation space 10 and moved to the position of the planting mechanism 110 in the work space 20.
  • planting is performed using the planting mechanism 110 and the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 in the work space 20.
  • the fixed planting performed here is performed by replacing the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42 with clean products by the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100, and the cultivation panel 42 used at this time is the high-density cultivation panel used so far. Changed to low density cultivation panel. Therefore, in the case of continuing to grow all the strains, the number of cultivation units 40 required for growing will increase at the stage of this fixed planting. Therefore, the number of strains that continue to grow may be reduced, or the number of cultivation units 40 may be increased by planting only strains that are growing well. When increasing the number of cultivation units 40 , new cultivation units 40 are supplied by the cultivation unit handling mechanism 100 .
  • the used cultivation unit 40 (the cultivation tray 41 and the cultivation panel 42) replaced in S100 is washed and dried in the work space 20.
  • the cultivation unit 40 is moved from the work space 20 to the cultivation space 10 using the transport mechanism 80, and the cultivation unit 40 is installed at a predetermined position on the shelf 50.
  • cultivation is continued in the cultivation space 10 for a predetermined period.
  • the entire amount of liquid fertilizer is replaced using the liquid fertilizer replacement mechanism 70 in the cultivation space 10, as in S70.
  • the control unit 150 controls the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 so as to change the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 according to the growing phase of the plant.
  • the plant can be grown with an appropriate composition and amount of liquid fertilizer according to the growth phase of the plant, and the growth can be advanced efficiently.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange in S130 may be repeated a plurality of times after S140. In this embodiment, in this S130 and the previous S70, the form in which the liquid fertilizer is exchanged in the cultivation space 10 was exemplified.
  • liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 can be used, or both can be used in combination, depending on the space between the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 and the type of cultivated plant. can.
  • cultivation is continued in the cultivation space 10 for a predetermined period.
  • the transport mechanism 80 is used to take out the cultivation unit 40 from the shelf 50 of the cultivation space 10 and move it to the position of the harvesting mechanism 130 in the work space 20.
  • the harvesting mechanism 130 is used in the work space 20 to harvest the plants that have been grown.
  • the control unit 150 controls the cultivation unit 40 to hold only plants that have been sown at the same time and are in the same growth phase. Therefore, it is possible to change the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer held in the cultivation tray 41 according to the plant growth phase, and the control unit 150 controls the composition and amount of the liquid fertilizer in the plant growth phase. , and the liquid-fertilizer exchange mechanism 70 (or the liquid-manure exchange mechanism 120) can execute this.
  • plants cultivated for a long period of time are not cultivated using the same cultivation garter, and the cultivation unit 40 can be easily replaced with a clean product, thereby suppressing the growth of bacteria.
  • the plants cultivated in the plant factory 1 of the present embodiment were subjected to a bacteriological test. Specifically, for 3 strains of romaine lettuce and 3 strains of ruffle lettuce, 20 g or more of specimens were collected from each strain, and the specimens were ground and placed in a petri dish, and the number of viable bacteria after 7 days was measured. inspected. The scissors used for the examination and the tray for storage were sterilized with hypochlorous acid. Specimens were stored in a refrigerator set at 5°C.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of the bacteriological examination. As shown in FIG. 6, the general viable cell counts are all very low values.
  • cultivation can be performed while effectively suppressing the growth of bacteria.
  • the liquid fertilizer can be changed according to the growth phase of the plant, cultivation can be performed more efficiently.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the growth state of plants in the cultivation space 10 of the second embodiment.
  • the plant factory of the second embodiment is the same as the plant factory 1 of the first embodiment, except that the lights 61 and 62 and the operation of the control unit 150 are partially different. Therefore, portions that perform the same functions as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are appropriately omitted.
  • the spectral distributions (spectral distributions) of the illumination lights emitted by the lights 61 and 62 are different.
  • the shelf 50 has a shelf portion provided with the lighting 61 and a shelf portion provided with the lighting 62 .
  • the illumination 61 emits illumination light having a spectral distribution suitable for growth in the initial growth stage (seedling raising process)
  • the illumination 62 emits illumination light in the growing stage (growing process) that has grown beyond the seedling raising process. It is configured to emit illumination light having a spectral distribution suitable for growth.
  • the control unit 150 of the second embodiment accommodates the cultivation unit 40 in the shelf portion provided with the lighting 61 when the plant cultivated in the cultivation unit 40 is in the seedling raising process, and the plant cultivated in the cultivation unit 40 is stored.
  • the transport mechanism 80 is controlled so that the cultivation unit 40 is accommodated in the shelf portion where the lighting 62 is provided.
  • the control unit 150 controls each parameter such as the amount of light and the irradiation time so as to irradiate the illumination light under optimum conditions according to the characteristics of the plant and the desired harvesting specifications. Thereby, plants can be grown under more optimal conditions.
  • a certain component for example, polyphenol, etc.
  • color enhancement stable coloring
  • two types of spectral distributions of illumination light are prepared for easy understanding. Not limited to this, more types of lighting with different spectral distributions may be prepared. For example, two types may be used in the seedling raising process, and two types may be used in the growing phase.
  • the spectral distribution of the light irradiated to the cultivation unit 40 is changed.
  • lighting that can switch and emit light with different spectral distributions is provided so that the spectral distribution of light irradiated to the cultivation unit 40 can be changed without changing the position where the cultivation unit 40 is accommodated.
  • a plurality of types of lights 61 and 62 with different spectral distributions are arranged so as to be able to irradiate the cultivation unit 40 at the same position, and the lights that emit light are switched to change the spectral distribution of the light that irradiates the cultivation unit 40.
  • the configuration is such that the spectral distribution of the light irradiated to the cultivation unit 40 can be changed. It is possible to contain a large amount of the component of, and to perform stable coloring.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the plant factory of the third embodiment.
  • the plant factory 1B of the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has a connection space 200 in place of the communication part 30 of the first embodiment, and the operation of the transport mechanism 80 passing through the connection space 200 is different. plant factory 1. Therefore, portions that perform the same functions as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are appropriately omitted.
  • the plant factory 1B of 3rd Embodiment is equipped with the connection space 200.
  • the connection space 200 is isolated from the outside, connected to the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 , and arranged between the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 .
  • the arrangement position of the connection space 200 is not limited to between the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 .
  • the connection space 200 and the cultivation space 10 can be communicated with each other through the cultivation space side communication portion 201 .
  • a cultivation space side door 202 is provided in the cultivation space side communication portion 201 .
  • the cultivation space side door 202 allows the connection between the cultivation space 10 and the connection space 200 to be freely switched between a communicating state and a blocked state.
  • connection space 200 and the work space 20 can be communicated with each other by a work space side communication section 203 .
  • a work space side door 204 is provided in the work space side communication portion 203 .
  • the work space side door 204 allows the connection between the work space 20 and the connection space 200 to be freely switched between a communicating state and a cutoff state.
  • the cultivation space 10 and the connection space 200 are not provided with a part that allows goods and people to enter and exit from the outside other than the cultivation space side communication part 201 and the work space side communication part 203 .
  • an emergency door, a maintenance door, or the like which is normally not opened and closed and can sufficiently ensure isolation from the outside, may be provided.
  • the transport mechanism 80 transports the cultivation unit 40 between the cultivation space 10 , the connection space 200 and the work space 20 .
  • the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 are directly connected.
  • the connection space 200 is provided so that the cultivation space 10 and the work space 20 are not directly connected.
  • the cultivation unit 40 passes through the work space 20
  • the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 are not opened.
  • the control unit 150 controls the opening/closing operation of the .
  • the cultivation space side door 202 is opened with the work space side door 204 closed, and the cultivation unit 40 moves from the cultivation space 10 into the connection space 200. invade.
  • the cultivation space side door 202 is closed when the cultivation unit 40 is completely inside the connection space 200 .
  • the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 are closed.
  • the work space side door 204 is opened while the cultivation space side door 202 remains closed, and the cultivation unit 40 is transported from the connection space 200 to the work space 20 .
  • the work space side door 204 is closed so that the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 are closed.
  • the work space side door 204 is opened while the cultivation space side door 202 is closed, and the cultivation unit 40 moves from the work space 20 into the connection space 200. invade.
  • the work space side door 204 is closed.
  • the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 are closed.
  • the cultivation space side door 202 is opened while the work space side door 204 remains closed, and the cultivation unit 40 is transported from the connection space 200 to the cultivation space 10 .
  • the cultivation space side door 202 is closed so that the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 are closed.
  • a cleaning device 210 is also provided in the connection space 200 .
  • the cleaning device 210 is a device for making the inside of the connection space 200 as clean as the cultivation space.
  • the cleaning device 210 can be, for example, a downflow air conditioner.
  • the cleaning device 210 is not limited to mere air conditioning, and may have more active cleaning functions such as ultraviolet irradiation and ozone generation, for example.
  • connection space 200 is provided to prevent both the cultivation space side door 202 and the work space side door 204 from being opened. It can be kept clean.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the plant factory of the fourth embodiment.
  • 1 C of plant factories of 4th Embodiment are the same as that of the plant factory 1B of 3rd Embodiment except that the structure of the connection space 300 is partially different from the connection space 200 of 3rd Embodiment. Therefore, portions that perform the same functions as those of the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are appropriately omitted.
  • the connection space 300 of the plant factory 1C of the fourth embodiment includes a liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 310 as a mid-cultivation working section that can perform work during the cultivation.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange operation performed by the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 310 of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanisms 70 and 120 of the first embodiment, except that the arrangement is in the connection space 300 .
  • Droplets of the liquid fertilizer may drip or scatter during the liquid fertilizer replacement work, and there is concern about contamination of the place where the liquid fertilizer is replaced.
  • the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 310 is provided in the connection space 300 provided with the cleaning device 210, and by exchanging the liquid fertilizer in the connection space 300, contamination of the place where the liquid fertilizer is exchanged can be suppressed. .
  • connection space 300 and the cultivation space 10 can be communicated with each other through communicating portions provided at a plurality of locations. More specifically, the connection space 300 and the cultivation space 10 can communicate with each other through the first cultivation space side communication portion 301 and the second cultivation space side communication portion 305 .
  • a first cultivation space side door 302 is provided in the first cultivation space side communication portion 301
  • a second cultivation space side door 306 is provided in the second cultivation space side communication portion 305 . Both the first cultivation space side door 302 and the second cultivation space side door 306 are capable of switching the connection between the cultivation space 10 and the connection space 300 between a communication state and a disconnection state.
  • connection space 300 and the work space 20 can be communicated with each other through communicating portions provided at a plurality of locations. More specifically, the connection space 300 and the work space 20 can communicate with each other through a first work space side communication portion 303 and a second work space side communication portion 307 .
  • a first work space side door 304 is provided in the first work space side communication portion 303
  • a second work space side door 308 is provided in the second work space side communication portion 307 . Both the first work space side door 304 and the second work space side door 308 can switch the connection between the work space 20 and the connection space 300 between a communication state and a cutoff state.
  • the cultivation space 10 and the connection space 300 are provided in addition to the first cultivation space side communication portion 301 and the second cultivation space side communication portion 305 and the first work space side communication portion 303 and the second work space side communication portion 307. , There is no part that allows goods and people to enter and exit from the outside. However, an emergency door, a maintenance door, or the like, which is normally not opened and closed and can sufficiently ensure isolation from the outside, may be provided.
  • Liquid fertilizer replacement is performed with both the first work space side door 304 and the second work space side door 308 closed.
  • the first cultivation space side door 302 is opened, and a predetermined number of cultivation units 40 are conveyed into the connection space 300 .
  • the first cultivation space side door 302 is closed.
  • the cultivation unit 40 carried into the connection space 300 undergoes necessary operations such as liquid fertilizer replacement and replenishment by the liquid fertilizer replacement mechanism 310 .
  • the second cultivation space side door 306 is opened and the cultivation units 40 are transported from the connection space 300 to the cultivation space 10 .
  • the second cultivation space side door 306 is closed.
  • the liquid fertilizer replacement work is performed in the connection space 300 provided with the cleaning device 210, contamination due to the liquid fertilizer replacement work can be suppressed, and the cultivation space 10 is further cleaned. can be maintained in good condition.
  • connection space 300 is provided with the liquid fertilizer exchange mechanism 310 as the mid-cultivation working section that can perform work performed during the cultivation.
  • the mid-cultivation work section provided in the connection space may perform work other than exchanging the liquid fertilizer.
  • a portion may be provided as a mid-cultivation working section for removing runners, treating lower leaves, correcting the positions of flower buds and fruits, and the like.
  • an automatic machine may be arranged, or part or all of the work performed in the mid-cultivation work section may be manually performed. Depending on the content of the work, manual work may be more efficient, and even in such cases, contamination of the cultivation space 10 can be prevented by performing the work in the connection space provided with the cleaning device 210. can.
  • a pressurized air conditioner that makes the pressure in the cultivation space 10 higher than the pressure in the work space 20 may be further provided. Further, when the connection space 200 (or 300) is provided, the pressure of the cultivation space 10 is higher than that of the connection space 200 (or 300), and the pressure of the connection space 200 (or 300) is higher than that of the working space 20. It should be high.
  • the conveying mechanism 80 demonstrated the example which conveys the cultivation unit 40 alone. It is good also as a conveyance mechanism which conveys not only this but several cultivation units 40 collectively, for example. Moreover, it is good also as a conveyance mechanism which collectively conveys the cultivation unit 40 with the shelf 50 as it is.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une usine de plante pouvant réduire la contamination bactérienne et un procédé de production de plantes cultivées.　Cette usine de plante (1) est au moins pourvue : d'un espace de culture (10) isolé de l'extérieur ; d'un espace de travail (20) qui est disposé en liaison avec l'espace de culture (10) ou disposé d'une manière commutable entre un état lié à l'espace de culture (10) et un état détaché de ce dernier, et qui est isolé de l'extérieur ; une pluralité d'unités de culture (40) qui sont pourvues au moins de plateaux de culture (41) maintenant un engrais liquide et dans lesquels des plantes sont plantées ; et un mécanisme de transport (80) qui transporte les unités de culture (40) entre l'espace de culture (10) et l'espace de travail (20).
PCT/JP2022/004656 2021-02-09 2022-02-07 Usine de plante et procédé de production de plantes cultivées WO2022172884A1 (fr)

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JP2021-018746 2021-02-09
JP2021018746 2021-02-09
JP2022-009792 2022-01-26
JP2022009792A JP2022122261A (ja) 2021-02-09 2022-01-26 植物工場、栽培植物の作成方法

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115997672A (zh) * 2022-12-29 2023-04-25 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种自动化植物工厂流水线及其自动化种植方法

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JPH0465055U (fr) * 1990-10-15 1992-06-04
JPH0530861A (ja) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-09 Motoda Electron Co Ltd 植物の栽培方法と栽培装置
JPH10215701A (ja) * 1996-12-04 1998-08-18 Kano Seisakusho:Kk 植物工場
JP2001095383A (ja) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-10 Cosmo Plant Kk 植物の栽培装置
JP2005065593A (ja) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-17 Kubota Corp 育苗施設
JP3203925U (ja) * 2015-01-14 2016-04-28 聚陽光能股▲分▼有限公司 光線出力制御装置
US20190021238A1 (en) * 2017-01-16 2019-01-24 Iron Ox, Inc. Method for automatically redistributing plants throughout an agricultural facility
JP2020010645A (ja) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-23 藤澤建機株式会社 栽培方法、栽培設備、及び栽培装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0465055U (fr) * 1990-10-15 1992-06-04
JPH0530861A (ja) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-09 Motoda Electron Co Ltd 植物の栽培方法と栽培装置
JPH10215701A (ja) * 1996-12-04 1998-08-18 Kano Seisakusho:Kk 植物工場
JP2001095383A (ja) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-10 Cosmo Plant Kk 植物の栽培装置
JP2005065593A (ja) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-17 Kubota Corp 育苗施設
JP3203925U (ja) * 2015-01-14 2016-04-28 聚陽光能股▲分▼有限公司 光線出力制御装置
US20190021238A1 (en) * 2017-01-16 2019-01-24 Iron Ox, Inc. Method for automatically redistributing plants throughout an agricultural facility
JP2020010645A (ja) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-23 藤澤建機株式会社 栽培方法、栽培設備、及び栽培装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115997672A (zh) * 2022-12-29 2023-04-25 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 一种自动化植物工厂流水线及其自动化种植方法

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