WO2022170492A1 - 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022170492A1
WO2022170492A1 PCT/CN2021/076288 CN2021076288W WO2022170492A1 WO 2022170492 A1 WO2022170492 A1 WO 2022170492A1 CN 2021076288 W CN2021076288 W CN 2021076288W WO 2022170492 A1 WO2022170492 A1 WO 2022170492A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
lamination
along
battery cells
electrode terminals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/076288
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡如来
姜利文
骆福平
朱婷婷
方伍梅
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180065822.6A priority Critical patent/CN116325341A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/076288 priority patent/WO2022170492A1/zh
Priority to EP21925165.9A priority patent/EP4120463A4/en
Publication of WO2022170492A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170492A1/zh
Priority to US18/149,167 priority patent/US20230148174A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/51—Connection only in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
    • H01M50/522—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H01M50/557—Plate-shaped terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery, an electrical device, and a method and equipment for preparing a battery.
  • Chemical cells, electrochemical cells, electrochemical cells or electrochemical cells refer to a type of device that converts the chemical energy of positive and negative active materials into electrical energy through redox reactions. Different from ordinary redox reactions, the oxidation and reduction reactions are carried out separately, the oxidation is at the negative electrode, the reduction is at the positive electrode, and the gain and loss of electrons are carried out through an external circuit, so a current is formed. This is an essential feature of all batteries. After long-term research and development, chemical batteries have ushered in a wide variety of applications. Huge installations as large as a building can hold, as small as millimeters of type. The development of modern electronic technology has put forward high requirements for chemical batteries. Every breakthrough in chemical battery technology has brought about a revolutionary development of electronic devices. Many electrochemical scientists in the world have concentrated their research and development interests in the field of chemical batteries used as power for electric vehicles.
  • lithium-ion battery As a kind of chemical battery, lithium-ion battery has the advantages of small size, high energy density, high power density, many cycles of use and long storage time. It has been used in some electronic equipment, electric vehicles, electric toys and electric equipment. Widely used, for example, lithium-ion batteries are currently widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric planes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy planes and electric tools, and so on.
  • the electrical connection structure between the battery cells usually adopts a relatively rigid structure.
  • the high confluence parts are welded and connected.
  • the confluence parts are independently manufactured structural parts, and the electrode terminals of the battery cells need to be welded at least twice to complete the electrical connection. This risk affects the electrical conductivity between battery cells.
  • the present application proposes a battery, an electrical device, a method and equipment for preparing a battery, so as to simplify the electrical connection structure between battery cells.
  • a battery comprising:
  • the two electrode terminals are configured to be at least partially stacked and fixedly connected between the two end faces to realize the electrical connection of the two battery cells.
  • the battery cells can be electrically connected to each other by laying flat.
  • the two electrode terminals are fixedly connected in a partially stacked manner, eliminating the need for confluence components, simplifying the electrical connection structure between battery cells, reducing various risks brought about by arranging confluence components, and ensuring that the battery cells are connected.
  • the reliability of the electrical conductivity reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery and improves the production efficiency of the battery.
  • the electrode terminals include:
  • a lamination part used for realizing the lamination arrangement of the two electrode terminals
  • the extension part is used for connecting with the lamination part, and the extension part protrudes from the end face by a preset length.
  • the two parts are configured with different functions, the lamination part is used for fixed connection, and the extension part is used to electrically connect the lamination part with the internal components of the battery cell, thereby facilitating the design and manufacture of the electrode terminal , and also facilitate the electrical connection between the electrode terminals.
  • the ratio of the predetermined length to the length of the laminated portion along the first direction is 0.25-1.
  • the lamination part will be very close to the end face of the battery cell, which is inconvenient for the fixed connection between the lamination parts. If the length of the extension part is too long, the electrode terminal will easily occupy too much between the end faces of the battery cell. space. By limiting the ratio of the length of the extension portion to the length of the laminated portion, the fixed connection between the laminated portions is facilitated, and it is also avoided that the electrode terminals occupy too much space between the end faces of the battery cells, thereby further optimizing the electrical power of the battery cells. connection structure.
  • the electrode terminal further includes a connecting portion for connecting the laminated portion and the extending portion, so that the laminated portion and the extending portion are arranged in a dislocation along the thickness direction.
  • the extension parts are arranged staggered along the thickness direction and have different heights, which facilitates the stacked arrangement of the electrode terminals, and avoids each other to form a stacked relationship when the electrode terminals approach each other.
  • the electrode terminal is usually made by stamping, and the lamination part, the connection part and the extension part can be made in one piece, which is convenient for manufacture.
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part and the extension part is not more than 1/2 of the thickness of the electrode terminal.
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part and the extension part is greater than half the thickness of the electrode terminal, the lamination parts of the two electrode terminals will be separated from each other in a natural state, which is not conducive to the fixed connection.
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part and the extension part is equal to or less than 1/2 of the thickness of the electrode terminal, and all lamination parts can be in contact.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion is a straight line or an arc shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting part can be various, as long as the lamination part and the extension part can be dislocated along the thickness direction, the straight or arc shape is within the applicable range, and the connecting strength can meet the design requirements.
  • the electrode terminal is in the shape of a flat plate, and the two electrode terminals of the two battery cells arranged opposite to each other along the first direction are arranged staggered along the thickness direction.
  • the electrode terminals of each battery cell By arranging the two electrode terminals of each battery cell at different positions on the end face, the electrode terminals will avoid each other when they approach each other to form a stacked relationship, and the electrode terminals do not need to be punched out of special shapes, which can simplify the design of the electrode terminals. Structure.
  • the lamination part includes a first lamination part and a second lamination part separated from each other along a second direction, the second direction and the thickness direction being perpendicular to each other.
  • the diversity of the lamination parts can be increased, and the types of fixed connection structures between the lamination parts can be expanded.
  • the ratio of the gap between the first lamination part and the second lamination part to the width of the lamination part is 0-1/3.
  • the first lamination part and the second lamination part may be adjacent or not. When they are not adjacent, there is a gap between the first lamination part and the second lamination part. If the gap is greater than 1/1 of the width of the lamination part 3. After the lamination parts are fixed and connected, they are easily separated by external force. By limiting the width of the gap, the stability of the connection structure between the lamination parts is ensured.
  • the first lamination part and the second lamination part are arranged in a staggered manner in the thickness direction.
  • the two fixedly connected lamination parts can not only limit each other in the thickness direction, but also limit each other in the width direction, which improves the stability of the connection structure between the lamination parts .
  • the dislocation distance between the first lamination part and the second lamination part is not less than the thickness of the electrode terminal.
  • the two lamination parts will interfere and cannot be overlapped.
  • the dislocation distance between the first lamination part and the second lamination part is equal to or greater than the thickness of the electrode terminal, and both lamination parts can be overlapped in a staggered manner.
  • the two adjacent lamination parts are configured to realize the lamination arrangement of the two electrode terminals in a mutually fitting manner.
  • connection strength between the lamination parts can be improved, especially when the battery cells are vibrated, the lamination parts are not easily separated, which ensures the reliability of the electrical connection between the battery cells.
  • one of the adjacent two of the stacks includes an insertion portion, and the other includes a receiving portion, the receiving portion is configured to receive the insertion portion so that the adjacent two of the stacks parts fit into each other.
  • the structures of the insertion portion and the accommodating portion are easy to manufacture and form, and can be fitted very conveniently.
  • the laminated portion is configured to be bent toward the end face along the first direction to form the insertion portion and the receiving portion.
  • the laminated portion is bent toward the end face of the battery cell, and the laminated portion can be formed into a hook shape, which can be hooked in addition to being superimposed, so as to further improve the connection strength between the laminated portions.
  • the laminated part further includes a main body part for connecting the extension part and the insertion part, the main body part and the insertion part are oppositely disposed along the thickness direction and have a gap to form the the accommodating part.
  • the fitting structure formed in this way is easy to manufacture and form, and the accommodating part has a larger space, which enhances the strength of the fitting structure.
  • an electrical device comprising the battery described in the first aspect above, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy for the device.
  • a method for preparing a battery comprising:
  • each of the battery cells is provided with a plate-shaped electrode terminal on the end face along the first direction, and two of the battery cells are arranged along the first direction There are two electrode terminals between the two oppositely arranged end faces;
  • two of the electrode terminals are configured to be at least partially stacked between the two end faces and fixedly connected to realize the electrical connection of the two battery cells.
  • a device for preparing a battery comprising:
  • a battery cell preparation module for preparing a plurality of battery cells each of the battery cells is provided with a plate-shaped electrode terminal on the end face along the first direction, and two of the battery cells are arranged along the first direction There are two electrode terminals between the two oppositely arranged end faces;
  • An assembly module for electrically connecting a plurality of battery cells, along the thickness direction of the electrode terminals, two of the electrode terminals are configured to be at least partially stacked between the two end faces and fixedly connected to realize two the electrical connection of the battery cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a series state of a plurality of battery cells according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic front view of a series state of a plurality of battery cells according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of part A shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connection state of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic front view of a connection state of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of an electrode terminal of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a connection state of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective view of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a connection state of electrode terminals of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 shows an exploded schematic view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a partial enlarged view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 14 (rotated 90 degrees);
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of a vehicle using the battery of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for preparing a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • the batteries mentioned in the art can be divided into disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries according to whether they are rechargeable.
  • Primary batteries are commonly known as “disposable” batteries and primary batteries, because after their power is exhausted, they cannot be recharged and can only be discarded.
  • Rechargeable batteries are also called secondary batteries or secondary batteries and accumulators.
  • the material and process of rechargeable batteries are different from those of disposable batteries. The advantage is that they can be recycled many times after charging, and the output current load capacity of rechargeable batteries is higher than that of most disposable batteries.
  • Common types of rechargeable batteries are: lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of light weight, large capacity (1.5 times to 2 times the capacity of nickel-hydrogen batteries of the same weight), no memory effect, etc., and have a very low self-discharge rate, so even if the price is relatively high, it is still available. universal application. Lithium-ion batteries are also used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries used for this purpose have relatively low capacity, but have larger output, charging current, and some have longer lifespan, but the cost is higher .
  • the batteries described in the embodiments of the present application refer to rechargeable batteries.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application may include battery modules or battery packs, and the like.
  • the battery cell includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, an electrolyte and a separator, and is the basic structural unit that constitutes a battery module and a battery pack. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft pack battery cells.
  • Lithium-ion battery cells mainly rely on the movement of lithium ions between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to work.
  • Lithium-ion cells use an intercalated lithium compound as an electrode material.
  • the common cathode materials used for lithium ion batteries are: lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ), lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ) and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ).
  • a separator is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to form a thin film structure with three layers of materials.
  • the thin film structure is generally formed into an electrode assembly of a desired shape by winding or stacking.
  • a thin film structure of three layers of materials in a cylindrical battery cell is rolled into a cylindrical shaped electrode assembly, while a thin film structure in a prismatic battery cell is rolled or stacked into an electrode assembly having a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • Battery cells can be connected together in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the application of batteries includes three levels: battery cells, battery modules and battery packs.
  • the battery module is formed by electrically connecting a certain number of battery cells together and putting them into a frame in order to protect the battery cells from external shock, heat, vibration, etc.
  • the battery pack is the final state of the battery system loaded into an electric vehicle.
  • Most current battery packs are made by assembling various control and protection systems such as a battery management system (BMS), thermal management components, etc. on one or more battery modules.
  • BMS battery management system
  • thermal management components etc.
  • the layer of the battery module can be omitted, that is, the battery pack is directly formed from the battery cells. This improvement makes the weight energy density and volume energy density of the battery system increase while the number of components is significantly reduced.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs.
  • the electrical connection structure is relatively complex and the risks are many
  • the present application realizes two battery cells by directly and fixedly connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells.
  • the electrical connection between the battery cells simplifies the electrical connection structure and reduces the various risks brought by the arrangement of the bus components.
  • a battery 10 includes:
  • the two electrode terminals 2053 are configured to be at least partially stacked and fixedly connected between the two end faces to realize the electrical connection of the two battery cells 2 .
  • the first direction X is the axial direction after the battery cells 2 are fixed in the battery 10 , or the length direction after the battery cells 2 are fixed in the battery 10 .
  • the battery cells 2 can be in prismatic shape, cylindrical shape, etc.
  • the electrode terminals 2053 in this embodiment are suitable for these different shapes of battery cells 2 .
  • the cross section of the electrode terminal 2053 is rectangular, and the cross section has a large aspect ratio, so the electrode terminal 2053 is in the shape of a plate.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 take a row of battery cells 2 as an example.
  • the terminal 20531 and the second electrode terminal 20532, the first electrode terminal 20531 and the second electrode terminal 20532 are partially stacked and connected along the thickness direction Z, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the connection method can be welding, such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding, or other suitable welding methods.
  • the electrical connection between the two battery cells 2 can be realized without the need to arrange a busbar between the two.
  • the battery cells 2 can be electrically connected to each other in a horizontal manner, and a plurality of battery cells can be accommodated in the height direction according to the interior installation space of the vehicle 2.
  • the two electrode terminals 2 are fixedly connected by a partial stacking method, which eliminates the need for confluence components, simplifies the electrical connection structure between the battery cells 2, reduces various risks caused by the arrangement of the confluence components, and ensures that the battery cells are
  • the reliability of the electrical conductivity between 2 reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery 10 and improves the production efficiency of the battery 10 .
  • electrode terminals 2053 include:
  • the stacking part 2056 is used to realize the stacking arrangement of the two electrode terminals 2053;
  • the extension part 2055 is used for connecting with the lamination part 2056, and the extension part 2055 protrudes from the end face by a predetermined length.
  • the two electrode terminals 2053 are stacked and fixedly connected along the thickness direction Z, and are stacked and fixed by the stacking part 2056 , and the extension part 2055 is connected to the stacking part 2056 , and it can be seen from FIG. 4 that , the extension portion 2055 protrudes from the end face of the battery cell 2 by a predetermined length.
  • the two parts are configured with different functions
  • the lamination part 2056 is used for fixed connection
  • the extension part 2055 is used to electrically connect the lamination part 2056 with the internal components of the battery cell 2, thereby facilitating the Design and manufacture of the electrode terminals 2053 also facilitates electrical connection between the electrode terminals 2053 .
  • the ratio of the predetermined length along the first direction X to the length of the lamination portion 2056 is 0.25-1.
  • the extension portion 2055 protrudes from the end face by a predetermined length B
  • B is the boundary line from the end face of the battery cell 2 to the boundary line between the extension portion 2055 and the connecting portion 2061 (described below) along the first direction X
  • the length of the lamination part 2056 is C
  • C is the distance from the boundary line between the connecting part 2061 and the lamination part 2056 to the end face of the lamination part 2056 along the first direction X.
  • the distance between B and C is The ratio is 0.25-1, which facilitates the fixed connection between the laminated parts 2056 and also prevents the electrode terminals 2053 from occupying too much space between the end faces of the battery cells 2 .
  • the lamination part 2056 will be very close to the end face of the battery cell 2, which is inconvenient for the fixed connection between the lamination parts 2056; takes up too much space between the end faces.
  • the fixed connection between the stacking portions 2056 is facilitated, and the electrode terminals 2053 are prevented from occupying too much space between the end faces of the battery cells 2, which further optimizes the The electrical connection structure of the battery cell 2 .
  • the electrode terminal 2053 further includes a connecting part 2061 for connecting the laminated part 2056 and the extending part 2055, so that the laminated part 2056 and the extending part 2055 are arranged at a Z offset in the thickness direction.
  • the thicknesses of the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 are equal, and both are equal to the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 .
  • a connecting part 2061 is provided between the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 , the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 can be regarded as a parallel relationship, and the connection part 2061 connects one end of the lamination part 2056 The other end of the connecting extension portion 2055 is located at a different height, so that the lamination portion 2056 and the extension portion 2055 are arranged in a dislocation along the thickness direction Z.
  • the stacking part 2056 and the extending part 2055 are set to be dislocated along the thickness direction Z, that is, the two have different heights, which facilitates the stacking of the electrode terminals 2053.
  • the electrode terminal 2053 is usually made by stamping, and the lamination part 2056 , the connecting part 2061 , and the extension part 2055 can be made in one piece, which is convenient for manufacture.
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 is not greater than 1/2 the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 .
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 is D
  • D is the distance along the thickness direction Z from the lower surface of the extension part 2055 to the lower surface of the lamination part 2056 , or the distance along the thickness direction Z.
  • the distance from the upper surface of the extension part 2055 to the upper surface of the laminated part 2056 in the thickness direction Z, the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 is E
  • E is the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode terminal 2053 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the distance, in this embodiment, the ratio of D to E is 0-1/2, which ensures that the lamination parts 2056 can be in contact and fixedly connected.
  • the dislocation distance between the stacked portion 2056 and the extension portion 2055 is greater than half the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053, the stacked portions 2056 of the two electrode terminals 2053 will be separated from each other in a natural state, which is not conducive to fixed connection.
  • the dislocation distance between the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 is equal to or less than 1/2 of the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053, and the lamination part 2056 can be in contact with each other.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion 2061 is a straight line or an arc shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion 2061 is an arc shape, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion 2061 is a linear shape.
  • the thickness of the connection portion 2061 is equal to the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion 2061 can be various, as long as the lamination portion 2056 and the extension portion 2055 can be dislocated along the thickness direction Z, the straight or arc shape is within the applicable range, and the connecting strength can meet the design requirements. need.
  • the electrode terminal 2053 is in the shape of a flat plate, and the two electrode terminals 2053 of the two battery cells 2 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X are arranged offset along the thickness direction Z.
  • each electrode terminal 2053 can be regarded as still including the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055, but the lamination part 2056 and the extension part 2055 are no longer
  • the two electrode terminals 2053 are partially stacked by arranging the two electrode terminals 2053 at different positions on the end face of the battery cell 2 instead of dislocation.
  • the electrode terminals 2053 By arranging the two electrode terminals 2053 of each battery cell 2 at different positions on the end face, the electrode terminals 2053 avoid each other when they approach each other to form a stacked relationship, and the electrode terminals 2053 do not need to be punched out of special shapes.
  • the structure of the electrode terminal 2053 can be simplified. It should be noted that the flat electrode terminal 2053 will still include the tail portion 2060 (described in detail below).
  • the lamination portion 2056 includes a first lamination portion 2057 and a second lamination portion 2058 separated from each other along a second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z.
  • the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 are two independent parts, and the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 in FIGS. 8 and 9 are adjacent , that is, there is no gap between the two along the second direction Y, or the gap is very small; in FIG. 10 , the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 are not adjacent, that is, the second direction Y is between them. have larger gaps.
  • the diversity of the lamination parts 2056 can be increased, and the types of fixed connection structures between the lamination parts 2056 can be expanded.
  • the ratio of the gap 2059 of the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 to the width of the lamination part 2056 is 0-1/3.
  • the width of the gap 2059 is F
  • F is the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 along the second direction Y
  • the distance between two adjacent sides of the lamination part 2056 is G
  • G is the distance between the two sides of the lamination part 2056 along the second direction Y
  • the ratio of F to G in this embodiment is 0-1/3, to ensure the stability of the connection structure between the laminated parts 2056 .
  • the gap 2059 is larger than 1/3 of the width of the lamination part 2056, the lamination area between the lamination parts 2056 is small, and it is easy to be separated by external force after the fixed connection. By limiting the width of the gap 2059, the connection between the lamination parts 2056 is ensured structural stability.
  • the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 are arranged in a staggered manner along the thickness direction Z.
  • the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 can be regarded as being parallel to each other and located at different heights.
  • the two fixedly connected lamination parts 2056 can not only limit each other in the thickness direction Z, but also limit each other in the width direction (ie, the second direction Y), The stability of the connection structure between the laminated parts 2056 is improved.
  • the dislocation distance between the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 is not less than the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 .
  • the dislocation distance between the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 is H
  • H is the thickness direction Z from the upper surface of the first lamination part 2057 to the second lamination part 2057 .
  • the distance between the upper surfaces of the laminated portion 2058, the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 is E
  • E is the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode terminal 2053 along the thickness direction Z
  • H is equal to or greater than E in this embodiment , to ensure that the two lamination parts 2056 can be overlapped in a staggered manner.
  • the two lamination parts 2056 will interfere and cannot be overlapped.
  • the dislocation distance between the first lamination part 2057 and the second lamination part 2058 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the electrode terminal 2053 , and the two lamination parts 2056 can be stacked in a staggered manner.
  • the two adjacent lamination parts 2056 are configured to realize the lamination arrangement of the two electrode terminals 2053 in a mutually fitting manner.
  • the two lamination parts 2056 have both a superposition relationship and a fitting relationship, and also have various connection relationships.
  • connection strength between the lamination parts 2056 can be improved, especially when the battery cells 2 are vibrated, the lamination parts 2056 are not easily separated, which ensures the electrical connection between the battery cells 2. connection reliability.
  • one of the two adjacent laminations 2056 includes an insertion portion 20561 and the other includes a receiving portion 20562 configured to receive the insertion portion 20561 so that the adjacent two laminations 2056 are mutually Chimeric.
  • the two lamination parts 2056 each include an insertion part 20561 and an accommodating part 20562, and the insertion part 20561 of one lamination part 2056 is inserted into the accommodating part 20562 of the other lamination part 2056 to form a fitting relationship with each other.
  • protrusions and grooves in the thickness direction Z can be provided on the laminated portion 2056, and the protrusions and grooves are fitted with each other.
  • the structures of the insertion portion 20561 and the accommodating portion 20562 are easy to manufacture and mold, and can be fitted very conveniently.
  • the laminated portion 2056 is configured to be bent toward the end face along the first direction X to form the insertion portion 20561 and the receiving portion 20562 .
  • each lamination portion 2056 is bent toward the end face of the battery cell 2 where it is located, thereby forming an insertion portion 20561 and a receiving portion 20562 .
  • the lamination portion 2056 is bent toward the end face of the battery cell 2 , and the lamination portion 2056 can be formed into a hook shape, which can not only be stacked, but also can be hooked to further improve the connection strength between the lamination parts 2056 .
  • the lamination part 2056 further includes a main body part 20563 for connecting the extension part 2055 and the insertion part 20561 .
  • the main body portion 20563 and the insertion portion 20561 can be regarded as being parallel to each other and located at different heights.
  • the fitting structure formed in this way is easy to manufacture and form, and the space of the accommodating portion 20562 is also larger, which enhances the strength of the fitting structure.
  • the arrangement of the electrode terminals 2053 in the battery cell 2 is shown in FIG. 13 , FIG. 14 , and FIG. 15 .
  • the battery cell 2 includes:
  • the casing 201, the two ends of the casing 201 along the first direction X are provided with openings;
  • the electrode assembly 202, the electrode assembly 202 is arranged inside the casing 201;
  • Two electrode terminals 2053, the two electrode terminals 2053 are respectively disposed at both ends of the battery cell 2 along the first direction X;
  • Two connecting members 203 are arranged inside the casing 201 and are respectively arranged at both ends of the electrode assembly 202, for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 202 and the electrode terminal 2053;
  • Two end caps 2051 are respectively disposed at the opening of the casing 201 for sealing the casing 201 .
  • the end face of the battery cell 2 refers to the outer end face of the end cover 2051 .
  • the two electrode terminals 2053 both include a lamination part 2056 , an extension part 2055 and a tail part 2060 , wherein the lamination part 2056 is located outside the casing 201 , the extension 2055 passes through the end cap 2051 , and the tail 2060 is located inside the casing 201 for electrical connection with the connecting member 203 .
  • a mounting hole 2054 is provided in the middle of the end cover 2051 , the extension portion 2055 passes through the mounting hole 2054 , and a sealing member 2052 is provided at a position corresponding to the mounting hole 2054 for sealing between the extension portion 2055 and the mounting hole 2054 the gap, the seal 2052 can be made by a nano-injection molding process.
  • an electrical device is provided.
  • the device includes the battery 10 described in the first aspect above, and the battery 10 is used to provide electrical energy for the device.
  • the battery 10 described in the embodiments of the present application is suitable for various devices using the battery 10, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric aircraft toys, etc.
  • electric toys Tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembling power tools and railway power tools such as drills, grinders, wrenches, screwdrivers, hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and planers.
  • the battery 10 described in the embodiments of the present application is not only applicable to the above-described devices, but also applicable to all devices using the battery 10 . However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments are described by taking an electric vehicle as an example.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the battery 10 may be provided inside the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom or the front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operation power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may further include the controller 30 and the motor 40 .
  • the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 , for example, for starting, navigating, and running the vehicle 1 for working power requirements.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 in place of or partially in place of fuel or natural gas.
  • the battery cells 2 can be electrically connected to each other by laying flat. In the height direction, a plurality of battery cells 2 can be accommodated according to the internal installation space of the vehicle 1, and the internal installation space of the vehicle 1 can be fully utilized. The assembly of the vehicle 1 is facilitated, and the capacity of the battery 10 mounted on the vehicle 1 is improved at the same time.
  • a method for preparing a battery is provided, as shown in FIG. 17 , including:
  • Step S1 Provide a plurality of battery cells 2 arranged along the first direction X, each battery There are two electrode terminals 2053 between the two opposite end faces in the direction X;
  • Step S2 along the thickness direction Z of the electrode terminals 2053 , the two electrode terminals 2053 are configured to be at least partially stacked and fixedly connected between the two end faces to realize the electrical connection of the two battery cells 2 .
  • a device 3 for preparing a battery is provided, as shown in FIG. 18 , including:
  • the battery cell preparation module 301 is used to prepare a plurality of battery cells 2 .
  • the end face of each battery cell 2 along the first direction X is provided with a plate-shaped electrode terminal 2053 , and the two battery cells 2 are arranged along the first direction.
  • the assembly module 302 is used to electrically connect a plurality of battery cells 2.
  • the two electrode terminals 2053 are configured to be at least partially stacked and fixedly connected between the two end faces to realize two batteries. Electrical connection of cell 2.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备。该电池包括：多个沿第一方向设置的电池单体，每个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子，两个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子；其中，沿所述电极端子的厚度方向，两个所述电极端子被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体的电连接。通过将电池单体的电极端子直接固定连接，实现两个电池单体的电连接，简化了电池单体之间的电连接结构，减少了设置汇流部件所带来的多种风险。

Description

电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备。
背景技术
化学电池、电化电池、电化学电池或电化学池是指通过氧化还原反应，把正极、负极活性物质的化学能，转化为电能的一类装置。与普通氧化还原反应不同的是氧化和还原反应是分开进行的，氧化在负极，还原在正极，而电子得失是通过外部线路进行的，所以形成了电流。这是所有电池的本质特点。经过长期的研究、发展，化学电池迎来了品种繁多，应用广泛的局面。大到一座建筑方能容纳得下的巨大装置，小到以毫米计的类型。现代电子技术的发展，对化学电池提出了很高的要求。每一次化学电池技术的突破，都带来了电子设备革命性的发展。世界上很多电化学科学家，都把研发兴趣集中在做为电动汽车动力的化学电池领域。
锂离子电池作为化学电池的一种，具有体积小、能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多和存储时间长等优点，在一些电子设备、电动交通工具、电动玩具和电动设备上得到了广泛应用，例如，锂离子电池目前广泛地应用于手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具，等等。
随着锂离子电池技术的不断发展，对锂离子电池的性能提出了更高的要求，希望锂离子电池能够同时考虑多方面的设计因素，其中电池单体之间的电连接结构通常采用刚性较高的汇流部件焊接连接，汇流部件是独立制造的结构件，与电池单体的电极端子至少需要采用两次焊接才能完成电连接，这样的电连接结构比较复杂，设置汇流部件也会带来多种风险，影响电池单体之间的导电性能。
发明内容
本申请提出一种电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备，以简化电池单体之间的电连接结构。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种电池，包括：
多个沿第一方向设置的电池单体，每个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向的端面设置 有呈板状的电极端子，两个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子；
其中，沿所述电极端子的厚度方向，两个所述电极端子被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体的电连接。
通过将两个电池单体的端面沿第一方向相对设置，电池单体可以采用平放的方式相互进行电连接，在高度方向可以根据车辆的内部安装空间来容纳多个电池单体，充分利用车辆的内部安装空间。两个电极端子采用部分层叠的方式固定连接，省去了汇流部件，简化了电池单体之间的电连接结构，减少了设置汇流部件所带来的多种风险，保证了电池单体之间导电性能的可靠性，降低了电池的制造成本，提高了电池的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，所述电极端子包括：
层叠部，用于实现两个所述电极端子的层叠设置；
延伸部，用于与所述层叠部连接，所述延伸部从所述端面伸出预设长度。
通过将电极端子设置为两个部分，两个部分配置了不同的功能，层叠部用于固定连接，延伸部用于将层叠部与电池单体的内部组件电连接，从而方便设计和制造电极端子，也方便电极端子之间电连接。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第一方向所述预设长度与所述层叠部的长度的比值为0.25-1。
延伸部的长度如果太小，层叠部会非常靠近电池单体的端面，不方便层叠部之间固定连接，延伸部的长度如果太长，电极端子容易在电池单体的端面之间占据过多的空间。通过限制延伸部的长度和层叠部的长度的比值，方便了层叠部之间固定连接，也避免了电极端子在电池单体的端面之间占据过多的空间，进一步优化了电池单体的电连接结构。
在一些实施例中，所述电极端子还包括连接部，用于连接所述层叠部和所述延伸部，以使所述层叠部与所述延伸部沿所述厚度方向错位设置。
因为通常情况下电极端子在端面上的位置是相同的，如果将两个电池单体的端面相对设置则电极端子之间进行层叠设置必然会产生干涉，为了避免该干涉的发生，将层叠部与延伸部设置为沿厚度方向错位设置，具有不同的高度，方便了电极端子之间层叠设置，电极端子相互靠近时会相互避让构成层叠关系。电极端子通常是冲压制成的，层叠部、连接部、延伸部可以一体制成，方便制造。
在一些实施例中，所述层叠部与所述延伸部之间的错位距离不大于1/2所述电极端子的厚度。
如果层叠部与延伸部之间的错位距离大于1/2电极端子的厚度，两个电极端子的层叠部在自然状态下就会相互分离，不利于固定连接。层叠部与延伸部之间的错位距离等于或者小于1/2电极端子的厚度，层叠部均可以进行接触。
在一些实施例中，所述连接部的截面形状为直线形或弧线形。
连接部的截面形状可以有多种，只要能实现层叠部与延伸部沿厚度方向错位设置均可，直线形或弧线形均在适用的范围之内，连接强度均能够满足设计需求。
在一些实施例中，所述电极端子呈平直的板状，两个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个所述电极端子沿所述厚度方向错位设置。
通过将每一个电池单体的两个电极端子在端面上设置在不同的位置，使得电极端子相互靠近时会相互避让构成层叠关系，电极端子不需要再冲压出特殊形状，这样设计可以简化电极端子的结构。
在一些实施例中，所述层叠部包括沿第二方向相互分离的第一层叠部和第二层叠部，所述第二方向与所述厚度方向相互垂直。
通过设置第一层叠部和第二层叠部，可以增加层叠部的多样性，扩展层叠部之间固定连接结构的类型。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第二方向，所述第一层叠部和所述第二层叠部的间隙与所述层叠部的宽度的比值为0-1/3。
第一层叠部和第二层叠部可以是相邻的，也可以不相邻，不相邻时第一层叠部和第二层叠部之间具有间隙，该间隙如果大于层叠部的宽度的1/3，层叠部固定连接之后容易受外力影响分离，通过限制该间隙的宽度，保证了层叠部之间连接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述第一层叠部和所述第二层叠部沿所述厚度方向错位设置。
通过将第一层叠部和第二层叠部错位设置，两个固定连接的层叠部不仅能够在厚度方向相互限位，也可以在宽度方向相互限位，提高了层叠部之间连接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述第一层叠部与所述第二层叠部之间的错位距离不小于所述电极端子的厚度。
如果第一层叠部和第二层叠部之间的错位距离小于电极端子的厚度，两个层叠部会产生干涉，无法交错叠加。第一层叠部和第二层叠部之间的错位距离等于或者大于 电极端子的厚度，两个层叠部之间均可以交错叠加。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个所述层叠部被配置为以相互嵌合的方式实现两个所述电极端子的层叠设置。
通过设置可以相互嵌合的层叠部，可以提高层叠部之间的连接强度，特别是电池单体受到振动时，层叠部之间不容易分离，保证了电池单体之间电连接的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个所述层叠部中的一者包括插入部，另一者包括容纳部，所述容纳部被配置为接纳所述插入部以使相邻两个所述层叠部相互嵌合。
可以嵌合的结构有多种类型，插入部和容纳部的结构容易制造成型，能够非常方便地嵌合。
在一些实施例中，所述层叠部被配置为沿所述第一方向朝向所述端面弯折以形成所述插入部和所述容纳部。
层叠部朝向电池单体的端面弯折，层叠部可以形成钩状，除了可以叠加之外，还可以勾挂，进一步提高层叠部之间的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，所述层叠部还包括主体部，用于连接所述延伸部与所述插入部，所述主体部与所述插入部沿所述厚度方向相对设置且具有间隙以形成所述容纳部。
这样形成的嵌合结构，容易制造成型，容纳部空间也较大，增强了嵌合结构的强度。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种用电装置，该装置包括上文中第一方面所描述的电池，该电池用于为该装置提供电能。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种制备电池的方法，包括：
提供多个沿第一方向设置的电池单体，每个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子，两个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子；
沿所述电极端子的厚度方向，将两个所述电极端子被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体的电连接。
根据本申请的第四方面，提供了一种制备电池的设备，包括：
电池单体制备模块，用于制备多个电池单体，每个所述电池单体沿第一方向的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子，两个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子；
装配模块，用于电连接多个电池单体，沿所述电极端子的厚度方向，两个所述电 极端子被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体的电连接。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的立体示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的多个电池单体的串联状态立体示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的多个电池单体的串联状态主视示意图；
图4示出了图3中所示的A部放大视图；
图5示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的立体示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的连接状态立体示意图；
图7示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的连接状态主视示意图；
图8示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的立体示意图；
图9示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的连接状态立体示意图；
图10示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的立体示意图；
图11示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的立体示意图；
图12示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的电极端子的连接状态立体示意图；
图13示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解示意图；
图14示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的剖视示意图；
图15示出了图14中所示的电池单体的局部放大视图(旋转90度观察)；
图16示出了采用本申请的电池的车辆的一些实施例的结构示意图；
图17示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的制备电池的方法的流程示意图；
图18示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的制备电池的设备的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、车辆；10、电池；30、控制器；40、马达；2、电池单体；201、 壳体；202、电极组件；203、连接构件；204、贴胶；205、顶盖组件；2051、端盖；2052、密封件；2053、电极端子；20531、第一电极端子；20532、第二电极端子；2054、安装孔；2055、延伸部；2056、层叠部；20561、插入部；20562、容纳部；20563、主体部；2057、第一层叠部；2058、第二层叠部；2059、间隙；2060、尾部；2061、连接部；3、制备电池的设备；301、电池单体制备模块；302、装配模块。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合显示出根据本申请的多个实施例的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，应当可以理解的是，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中记载的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在不用花费创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都将属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”、“包含”、“有”、“具有”、“含有”、“含”等为开放式的用词。因此，“包括”、“包含”、“有”例如一个或多个步骤或元件的一种方法或装置，其具有一个或多个步骤或元件，但不限于仅具有这一个或多个元件。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸 连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
如上所述，应当强调，当在本说明书中使用术语“包括/包含”时，用于明确表明表示所述特征、整数、步骤或组件的存在，但不排除存在或添加一个或更多个其他特征、整数、步骤、部件或成组的特征、整数、步骤、部件。如本申请所用，单数形式“一个”、“一”和“该”也包括复数形式，除非上下文另有明确指示
本说明书中的用词“一”、“一个”可以表示一个，但也可与“至少一个”或“一个或多个”的含义一致。术语“约”一般表示提及的数值加上或减去10％，或更具体地是加上或减去5％。在权利要求书中使用的术语“或”，除非明确表示其仅指可替代的方案，否则其表示“和/或”的意思。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本领域中所提到的电池按是否可充电可以分为一次性电池和可充电电池。一次性电池(Primary Battery)俗称“用完即弃”电池及原电池，因为它们的电量耗尽后，无法再充电使用，只能丢弃。可充电电池又称二次电池(Secondary Battery)或二级电池、蓄电池。可充电电池的制作材料和工艺与一次性电池不同，其优点是在充电后可多次循环使用，可充电电池的输出电流负荷力要比大部分一次性电池高。目前常见的可充电电池的类型有：铅酸电池、镍氢电池和锂离子电池。锂离子电池具有重量轻、容量大(容量是同重量的镍氢电池的1.5倍～2倍)、无记忆效应等优点，且具有很低的自放电率，因而即使价格相对较高，仍然得到了普遍应用。锂离子电池也用于纯电动车及混合动力车，用于这种用途的锂离子电池容量相对略低，但有较大的输出、充电电流，也有的有较长的寿命，但成本较高。
本申请实施例中所描述的电池是指可充电电池。下文中将主要以锂离子电池为例来描述本申请的构思。应当理解的是，其他任意适当类型的可充电电池都是适用的。 本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池单体包括正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜，是组成电池模块和电池包的基本结构单元。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体。
锂离子电池单体主要依靠锂离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。锂离子电池单体使用一个嵌入的锂化合物作为一个电极材料。目前用作锂离子电池的正极材料主要常见的有：锂钴氧化物(LiCoO 2)、锰酸锂(LiMn 2O 4)、镍酸锂(LiNiO 2)及磷酸锂铁(LiFePO 4)。正极极片和负极极片之间设置有隔离膜以形成具有三层材料的薄膜结构。该薄膜结构一般通过卷绕或者叠置的方式制成所需形状的电极组件。例如，柱形电池单体中的三层材料的薄膜结构被卷绕成柱形形状的电极组件，而方形电池单体中的薄膜结构被卷绕或者叠置成具有大致长方体形状的电极组件。
多个电池单体可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。在一些诸如电动汽车等的大功率应用场合，电池的应用包括三个层次：电池单体、电池模块和电池包。电池模块是为了从外部冲击、热、振动等中保护电池单体，将一定数目的电池单体电连接在一起并放入一个框架中而形成的。电池包则是装入电动汽车的电池系统的最终状态。目前的大部分电池包是在一个或多个电池模块上装配电池管理系统(BMS)、热管理部件等各种控制和保护系统而制成的。随着技术的发展，电池模块这个层次可以被省略，也即，直接由电池单体形成电池包。这一改进使得电池系统的重量能量密度、体积能量密度得到提升的同时零部件数量显著下降。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模组或电池包。
针对现有电池单体之间通常采用刚性较高的汇流部件焊接连接，电连接结构比较复杂、风险多的问题，本申请通过将电池单体的电极端子直接固定连接，实现两个电池单体的电连接，简化了电池单体之间的电连接结构，减少了设置汇流部件所带来的多种风险。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图18对本申请的实施例进行详细描述。
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示，为本申请一实施例的一种电池10，包括：
多个沿第一方向X设置的电池单体2，每个电池单体2沿第一方向X的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子2053，两个电池单体2沿第一方向X相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个电极端子2053；
其中，沿电极端子的厚度方向Z，两个电极端子2053被配置为在两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个电池单体2的电连接。
本实施例中，第一方向X为电池单体2在电池10中固定之后的轴向，或者为电池单体2在电池10中固定之后的长度方向。
电池单体2可以是棱柱形状、圆柱形状等，本实施例中的电极端子2053适用于这些不同形状的电池单体2。电极端子2053的横截面为矩形，横截面具有较大的长宽比，所以电极端子2053呈板状。
图1、图2、图3中以一列电池单体2进行举例说明，两个电池单体2沿第一方向X相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个电极端子2053，分别为第一电极端子20531和第二电极端子20532，第一电极端子20531和第二电极端子20532沿着厚度方向Z部分层叠设置并固定连接，如图4所示。连接方式可以采用焊接，例如激光焊接、超声波焊接，或者其他适用的焊接方式等。二者之间不需要再设置汇流部件，就可以实现两个电池单体2的电连接。
通过将两个电池单体2的端面沿第一方向X相对设置，电池单体2可以采用平放的方式相互进行电连接，在高度方向可以根据车辆的内部安装空间来容纳多个电池单体2，充分利用车辆的内部安装空间。两个电极端子2采用部分层叠的方式固定连接，省去了汇流部件，简化了电池单体2之间的电连接结构，减少了设置汇流部件所带来的多种风险，保证了电池单体2之间导电性能的可靠性，降低了电池10的制造成本，提高了电池10的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，电极端子2053包括：
层叠部2056，用于实现两个电极端子2053的层叠设置；
延伸部2055，用于与层叠部2056连接，延伸部2055从端面伸出预设长度。
如图5、图6中所示，两个电极端子2053沿着厚度方向Z部分层叠设置并固定连接，是通过层叠部2056叠加固定的，延伸部2055与层叠部2056连接，再结合图4可知，延伸部2055从电池单体2的端面伸出预设长度。
通过将电极端子2053设置为两个部分，两个部分配置了不同的功能，层叠部2056用于固定连接，延伸部2055用于将层叠部2056与电池单体2的内部组件电连接，从而方便设计和制造电极端子2053，也方便电极端子2053之间电连接。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向X预设长度与层叠部2056的长度的比值为0.25-1。
如图4所示，延伸部2055从端面伸出预设长度为B，B为沿第一方向X的从电池 单体2的端面至延伸部2055与连接部2061(下文中描述)分界线之间的距离，层叠部2056的长度为C，C为沿第一方向X的从连接部2061与层叠部2056分界线至层叠部2056的端面之间的距离，在本实施例中B与C的比值为0.25-1，方便层叠部2056之间固定连接，也避免电极端子2053在电池单体2的端面之间占据过多的空间。
延伸部2055的长度如果太小，层叠部2056会非常靠近电池单体2的端面，不方便层叠部2056之间固定连接，延伸部2055的长度如果太长，电极端子2053容易在电池单体2的端面之间占据过多的空间。通过限制延伸部2055的长度和层叠部2056的长度的比值，方便了层叠部2056之间固定连接，也避免了电极端子2053在电池单体2的端面之间占据过多的空间，进一步优化了电池单体2的电连接结构。
在一些实施例中，电极端子2053还包括连接部2061，用于连接层叠部2056和延伸部2055，以使层叠部2056与延伸部2055沿厚度方向Z错位设置。通常情况下，层叠部2056和延伸部2055的厚度相等，均等于电极端子2053的厚度。
如图4、图5、图6所示，层叠部2056和延伸部2055之间设置了连接部2061，层叠部2056和延伸部2055可以看成是平行关系，连接部2061连接层叠部2056的一端与连接延伸部2055的另一端位于不同的高度，使得层叠部2056与延伸部2055沿厚度方向Z错位设置。
因为通常情况下电极端子2053在电池单体2的端面上的位置是相同的，如果将两个电池单体2的端面相对设置则电极端子2053之间进行层叠设置必然会产生干涉，为了避免该干涉的发生，将层叠部2056与延伸部2055设置为沿厚度方向Z错位设置，即二者具有不同的高度，方便了电极端子2053之间层叠设置，电极端子2053相互靠近时会相互避让构成层叠关系。电极端子2053通常是冲压制成的，层叠部2056、连接部2061、延伸部2055可以一体制成，方便制造。
在一些实施例中，层叠部2056与延伸部2055之间的错位距离不大于1/2电极端子2053的厚度。
如图4所示，层叠部2056与延伸部2055之间的错位距离为D，D为沿厚度方向Z的从延伸部2055的下表面至层叠部2056的下表面之间的距离，或者为沿厚度方向Z的从延伸部2055的上表面至层叠部2056的上表面之间的距离，电极端子2053的厚度为E，E为沿厚度方向Z的电极端子2053的上表面至下表面之间的距离，在本实施例中D与E的比值为0-1/2，保证层叠部2056之间可以接触并固定连接。
如果层叠部2056与延伸部2055之间的错位距离大于1/2电极端子2053的厚度， 两个电极端子2053的层叠部2056在自然状态下就会相互分离，不利于固定连接。层叠部2056与延伸部2055之间的错位距离等于或者小于1/2电极端子2053的厚度，层叠部2056均可以进行接触。
在一些实施例中，连接部2061的截面形状为直线形或弧线形。
如图4所示，连接部2061的截面形状为弧线形，如图5、图6所示，连接部2061的截面形状为直线形。连接部2061的厚度等于电极端子2053的厚度。
连接部2061的截面形状可以有多种，只要能实现层叠部2056与延伸部2055沿厚度方向Z错位设置均可，直线形或弧线形均在适用的范围之内，连接强度均能够满足设计需求。
在一些实施例中，电极端子2053呈平直的板状，两个电池单体2沿第一方向X相对设置的两个电极端子2053沿厚度方向Z错位设置。
如图7所示，第一电极端子20531和第二电极端子20532部分重叠设置，每一个电极端子2053可以看成是仍然包括层叠部2056和延伸部2055，但是层叠部2056和延伸部2055不再错位设置，而是通过将两个电极端子2053在电池单体2的端面上设置在不同的位置，使得两个电极端子2053部分层叠设置。
通过将每一个电池单体2的两个电极端子2053在端面上设置在不同的位置，使得电极端子2053相互靠近时会相互避让构成层叠关系，电极端子2053不需要再冲压出特殊形状，这样设计可以简化电极端子2053的结构。需要说明的是，平直的电极端子2053仍然会包括尾部2060(下文中具体描述)。
在一些实施例中，层叠部2056包括沿第二方向Y相互分离的第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058，第二方向Y与厚度方向Z相互垂直。
如图8、图9、图10所示，第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058是两个独立的部分，图8、图9中第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058是相邻的，即二者之间沿第二方向Y没有间隙，或者间隙非常小；图10中第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058是不相邻的，即二者之间沿第二方向Y具有较大的间隙。
通过设置第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058，可以增加层叠部2056的多样性，扩展层叠部2056之间固定连接结构的类型。
在一些实施例中，沿第二方向Y，第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058的间隙2059与层叠部2056的宽度的比值为0-1/3。
如图10所示，第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058之间具有间隙2059，该间隙 2059的宽度为F，F为沿第二方向Y的第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058的两个相邻侧面之间的距离，层叠部2056的宽度为G，G为沿第二方向Y的层叠部2056的两个侧面之间的距离，在本实施例中F与G的比值为0-1/3，保证层叠部2056之间连接结构的稳定性。
该间隙2059如果大于层叠部2056的宽度的1/3，层叠部2056之间层叠面积较小，固定连接之后容易受外力影响分离，通过限制该间隙2059的宽度，保证了层叠部2056之间连接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058沿厚度方向Z错位设置。
如图8、图9、图10所示，第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058可以看成是互相平行的，位于不同的高度。
通过将第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058错位设置，两个固定连接的层叠部2056不仅能够在厚度方向Z相互限位，也可以在宽度方向(即第二方向Y)相互限位，提高了层叠部2056之间连接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，第一层叠部2057与第二层叠部2058之间的错位距离不小于电极端子2053的厚度。
如图8、图9、图10所示，第一层叠部2057与第二层叠部2058之间的错位距离为H，H为沿厚度方向Z的从第一层叠部2057的上表面至第二层叠部2058的上表面之间的距离，电极端子2053的厚度为E，E为沿厚度方向Z的电极端子2053的上表面至下表面之间的距离，在本实施例中H等于或大于E，保证两个层叠部2056之间可以交错叠加。
如果第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058之间的错位距离小于电极端子2053的厚度，两个层叠部2056会产生干涉，无法交错叠加。第一层叠部2057和第二层叠部2058之间的错位距离等于或者大于电极端子2053的厚度，两个层叠部2056之间均可以交错叠加。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个层叠部2056被配置为以相互嵌合的方式实现两个电极端子2053的层叠设置。
如图11、图12所示，两个层叠部2056之间既具有叠加关系，又具有嵌合关系，同时具有多种连接关系。
通过设置可以相互嵌合的层叠部2056，可以提高层叠部2056之间的连接强度，特别是电池单体2受到振动时，层叠部2056之间不容易分离，保证了电池单体2之间 电连接的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个层叠部2056中的一者包括插入部20561，另一者包括容纳部20562，容纳部20562被配置为接纳插入部20561以使相邻两个层叠部2056相互嵌合。
如图11、图12所示，两个层叠部2056均包括插入部20561和容纳部20562，一个层叠部2056的插入部20561会插入另一个层叠部2056的容纳部20562，构成彼此嵌合关系。
可以嵌合的结构有多种类型，例如：可以在层叠部2056上设置沿厚度方向Z的凸起和凹槽，凸起和凹槽相互嵌合。插入部20561和容纳部20562的结构容易制造成型，能够非常方便地嵌合。
在一些实施例中，层叠部2056被配置为沿第一方向X朝向端面弯折以形成插入部20561和容纳部20562。
如图11、图12所示，每个层叠部2056均是朝向各自所在的电池单体2的端面弯折，从而形成插入部20561和容纳部20562。
层叠部2056朝向电池单体2的端面弯折，层叠部2056可以形成钩状，除了可以叠加之外，还可以勾挂，进一步提高层叠部2056之间的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，层叠部2056还包括主体部20563，用于连接延伸部2055与插入部20561，主体部20563与插入部20561沿厚度方向Z相对设置且具有间隙以形成容纳部20562。
如图11、图12所示，主体部20563和插入部20561可以看成是互相平行的，位于不同的高度。
这样形成的嵌合结构，容易制造成型，容纳部20562空间也较大，增强了嵌合结构的强度。
电极端子2053在电池单体2中的设置方式如图13、图14、图15所示，电池单体2包括：
壳体201，壳体201沿第一方向X的两端设置有开口；
电极组件202，电极组件202设置在壳体201的内部；
两个电极端子2053，两个电极端子2053分别设置在电池单体2沿第一方向X的两端；
两个连接构件203，两个连接构件203设置在壳体201的内部并且分别设置在电 极组件202的两端，用于电连接电极组件202和电极端子2053；
两个端盖2051，两个端盖2051分别设置在壳体201的开口，用于密封壳体201。
本申请实施例中，电池单体2的端面是指端盖2051的外侧端面。
如图14所示，两个电极端子2053的结构是相同的，在电池单体2的两端朝向不同，两个电极端子2053均包括层叠部2056、延伸部2055和尾部2060，其中，层叠部2056位于壳体201的外部，延伸部2055穿过端盖2051，尾部2060位于壳体201的内部，用于与连接构件203电连接。
如图15所示，端盖2051的中部设置有安装孔2054，延伸部2055穿过安装孔2054，对应安装孔2054的位置设置有密封件2052，用于密封延伸部2055与安装孔2054之间的间隙，密封件2052可以通过纳米注塑工艺制成。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供了一种用电装置，该装置包括上文中第一方面所描述的电池10，该电池10用于为该装置提供电能。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例描述的电池10适用于各种使用电池10的装置，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
本申请的实施例描述的电池10不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的装置，还可以适用于所有使用电池10的装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动汽车为例进行说明。
例如，如图16所示，为本实施例的一种车辆1的简易示意图。车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。如图16所示，车辆1的内部可以设置电池10，例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。并且车辆1还可以包括控制器30和马达40。控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
如图16所示，电池单体2可以采用平放的方式相互进行电连接，在高度方向可 以根据车辆1的内部安装空间来容纳多个电池单体2，充分利用车辆1的内部安装空间，方便车辆1组装，同时提高了车辆1搭载电池10的容量。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供了一种制备电池的方法，如图17所示，包括：
步骤S1：提供多个沿第一方向X设置的电池单体2，每个电池单体2沿第一方向X的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子2053，两个电池单体2沿第一方向X相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个电极端子2053；
步骤S2：沿电极端子2053的厚度方向Z，将两个电极端子2053被配置为在两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个电池单体2的电连接。
本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，提供了一种制备电池的设备3，如图18所示，包括：
电池单体制备模块301，用于制备多个电池单体2，每个电池单体2沿第一方向X的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子2053，两个电池单体2沿第一方向X相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个电极端子2053；
装配模块302，用于电连接多个电池单体2，沿电极端子2053的厚度方向Z，两个电极端子2053被配置为在两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个电池单体2的电连接。
本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    多个沿第一方向(X)设置的电池单体(2)，每个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子(2053)，两个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子(2053)；
    其中，沿所述电极端子(2053)的厚度方向(Z)，两个所述电极端子(2053)被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体(2)的电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电极端子(2053)包括：
    层叠部(2056)，用于实现两个所述电极端子(2053)的层叠设置；
    延伸部(2055)，用于与所述层叠部(2056)连接，所述延伸部(2055)从所述端面伸出预设长度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向(X)所述预设长度与所述层叠部(2056)的长度的比值为0.25-1。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电极端子(2053)还包括连接部(2061)，用于连接所述层叠部(2056)和所述延伸部(2055)，以使所述层叠部(2056)与所述延伸部(2055)沿所述厚度方向(Z)错位设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述层叠部(2056)与所述延伸部(2055)之间的错位距离不大于1/2所述电极端子(2053)的厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接部(2061)的截面形状为直线形或弧线形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电极端子(2053)呈平直的板状，两个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)相对设置的两个所述电极端子(2053)沿所述厚度方向(Z)错位设置。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，所述层叠部(2056)包括沿第二方向(Y)相互分离的第一层叠部(2057)和第二层叠部(2058)，所述第二方向(Y)与所述厚度方向(Z)相互垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述第二方向(Y)，所述第一层叠部(2057)和所述第二层叠部(2058)的间隙(2059)与所述层叠部(2056)的宽度的比值为0-1/3。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一层叠部(2057)和所述第二层叠部(2058)沿所述厚度方向(Z)错位设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一层叠部(2057)与所述第二层叠部(2058)之间的错位距离不小于所述电极端子(2053)的厚度。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，相邻两个所述层叠部(2056)被配置为以相互嵌合的方式实现两个所述电极端子(2053)的层叠设置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池，其特征在于，相邻两个所述层叠部(2056)中的一者包括插入部(20561)，另一者包括容纳部(20562)，所述容纳部(20562)被配置为接纳所述插入部(20561)以使相邻两个所述层叠部(2056)相互嵌合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池，其特征在于，所述层叠部(2056)被配置为沿所述第一方向(X)朝向所述端面弯折以形成所述插入部(20561)和所述容纳部(20562)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池，其特征在于，所述层叠部还包括主体部(20563)，用于连接所述延伸部(2055)与所述插入部(20561)，所述主体部(20563)与所述插入部(20561)沿所述厚度方向(Z)相对设置且具有间隙以形成所述容纳部(20562)。
  16. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  17. 一种制备电池的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供多个沿第一方向(X)设置的电池单体(2)，每个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子(2053)，两个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子(2053)；
    沿所述电极端子(2053)的厚度方向(Z)，将两个所述电极端子(2053)被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体(2)的电连接。
  18. 一种制备电池的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单体制备模块(301)，用于制备多个电池单体(2)，每个所述电池单体(2)沿第一方向(X)的端面设置有呈板状的电极端子(2053)，两个所述电池单体(2)沿所述第一方向(X)相对设置的两个端面之间具有两个所述电极端子(2053)；
    装配模块(302)，用于电连接多个电池单体(2)，沿所述电极端子(2053)的厚度方向(Z)，两个所述电极端子(2053)被配置为在所述两个端面之间至少部分层叠设置并固定连接以实现两个所述电池单体(2)的电连接。
PCT/CN2021/076288 2021-02-09 2021-02-09 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 WO2022170492A1 (zh)

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