WO2022166498A1 - 一种p向调节结构及半球型摄像机 - Google Patents

一种p向调节结构及半球型摄像机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166498A1
WO2022166498A1 PCT/CN2021/143569 CN2021143569W WO2022166498A1 WO 2022166498 A1 WO2022166498 A1 WO 2022166498A1 CN 2021143569 W CN2021143569 W CN 2021143569W WO 2022166498 A1 WO2022166498 A1 WO 2022166498A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base
pin
upper cover
wire
cover assembly
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/143569
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
俞港
郑乐
Original Assignee
杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司
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Application filed by 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司
Priority to EP21924491.0A priority Critical patent/EP4239998A4/en
Publication of WO2022166498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166498A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/52—Elements optimising image sensor operation, e.g. for electromagnetic interference [EMI] protection or temperature control by heat transfer or cooling elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19617—Surveillance camera constructional details
    • G08B13/1963—Arrangements allowing camera rotation to change view, e.g. pivoting camera, pan-tilt and zoom [PTZ]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of cameras, and in particular, to a P-direction adjustment structure and a hemispherical camera.
  • the structures thereof are relatively complicated, and the method of adjusting the P-direction position of the lens assembly is complicated when the camera is set up.
  • the base is rotatably connected with the hidden wire box
  • the present disclosure further provides a dome-shaped camera, the dome-shaped camera including the P-direction adjustment structure according to the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the P-direction adjustment structure and the camera provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are simple in structure and easy to operate. As far as the P-direction locking operation is concerned, it is very simple. It only needs to close and fasten the upper cover normally, and there is no redundant operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the P direction, R direction, and T direction of a dome camera
  • Fig. 3 is the exploded schematic diagram of the hemispherical camera of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the hidden wire box
  • Fig. 7 is the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the base of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 11 is the enlarged schematic diagram of part C of Fig. 10;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic perspective view showing the manner in which the pin engages with the teeth
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the sealing structure of the upper cover and the base.
  • the angle adjustment of the dome camera includes adjustment in three directions.
  • the lens can be aimed at the area to be monitored through the angle adjustment mechanism in three directions.
  • the three-axis adjustment direction of the hemisphere is shown in the figure below.
  • P direction means: the rotation normal is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the installation surface.
  • the R direction refers to the rotation direction in which the rotation normal coincides with the lens axis.
  • the T direction refers to the rotation direction in which the rotation normal is perpendicular to the rotation normal of the P and R directions.
  • the P-direction adjustment structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure applied to a dome camera, includes: an upper cover assembly 2 , a pin 3 , a cylindrical base 5 and a cylindrical wire storage box 7 .
  • the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 are connected to each other in a relatively rotatable manner.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 is provided with a jack-up portion, which is used to drive the pin 3 to move from the release position to the lock position. In the lock position, the pin 3 locks the rotation of the base 5 relative to the wire storage box 7; in the release position , the pin 3 releases the lock, so that the P-direction adjustment can be performed.
  • the push-up portion on the upper cover assembly 2 drives the pin 3 to move from the release position to the locking position.
  • the P-direction adjustment structure includes: a lens assembly 1 , an upper cover assembly 2 , a pin 3 , an elastic assembly 34 , a base 5 , a damping member 6 , and a wire storage box 7 and platen 8.
  • the wire storage box 7 and the base 5 are arranged to be able to rotate relative to each other. That is to say, a rotation gap or a rotation play is provided between the wire storage box 7 and the base 5 .
  • the lens assembly 1 can rotate vertically and axially. That is, the lens assembly 1 can realize the rotation in the T direction and the R direction.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 mainly includes an upper cover 21 and a hemispherical transparent cover 22 .
  • the upper cover 21 and the transparent cover 22 are fixedly connected and cannot rotate relative to each other.
  • a first sealing ring 25 is arranged between the upper cover 21 and the transparent cover 22, and the upper cover 21 and the transparent cover 22 are directly pressed against each other or pressed by other parts to compress the first sealing ring 25 to achieve sealing.
  • the transparent cover 22 may be, for example, completely transparent, or may be a light-shielding transparent cover 22 with a light-shielding strip or a light-shielding portion (for example, only the middle portion is set to be transparent).
  • a light-shielding transparent cover 22 with a light-shielding strip or a light-shielding portion (for example, only the middle portion is set to be transparent).
  • the upper cover assembly 2 is provided with a jack-up portion for driving the pin 3 .
  • the jack may take any suitable shape and configuration and is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 is installed on the base; the upper cover assembly 2 is provided with a jacking portion, and the jacking portion can drive the pin 3 to switch between the release position and the locking position; wherein, when the pin 3 is switched to the locking position, the locking base 5 and the locking position The rotation degree of freedom of the wire storage box 7; when the pin 3 is switched to the release position, the lock is released.
  • the push-up portion is a driving boss 23 provided on the upper cover 21 .
  • the driving boss 23 is integrally formed with the upper cover 21 , or is fixedly arranged on the upper cover 21 or the upper cover assembly 2 in other ways.
  • the push-up portion on the upper cover assembly 2 drives the pin 3 to move from the release position to the locking position.
  • an elastic body is provided on the push-up portion or the driving boss 23 , and the elastic body contacts with the pin 3 .
  • the elastic body is, for example, a silicone plug 24 or a silicone cap disposed on the jacking portion or the driving boss 23 . Referring to FIG. 14 , the thin rod portion of the silicone plug 24 is inserted into the central hole on the driving boss 23 in an interference-fit manner, and the end of the silicone plug 24 is close to the flat surface of the driving boss 23 .
  • the pin 3 is arranged on the base 5 in a movable manner, and has an anti-drop structure to prevent the pin 3 from falling off from the base 5 .
  • the pin 3 In the locked position, the first end of the pin 3 is engaged with the locking structure on the wire storage box 7 , thereby preventing the rotation of the pin 3 relative to the wire storage box 7 . Furthermore, the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 are prevented from rotating relative to the wire storage box 7 . It can be understood that, after adjusting the P direction in place, the pin 3 needs to be in the locking position.
  • the first end of the pin 3 is disengaged from the locking structure on the wire hiding box 7, so that the rotation of the pin 3 relative to the wire hiding box 7 is no longer prevented, in other words, the pin 3 is allowed relative to the hiding wire.
  • Box 7 turns. In this case, the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 are allowed to rotate relative to the wire storage box 7 . It can be understood that when the P-direction adjustment is required, the pin 3 needs to be in the release position.
  • the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 can be assembled in any suitable manner, as long as the base 5 can be rotated relative to the wire storage box 7 .
  • the hidden box 7 is fixedly mounted to a mounting base such as a ceiling, a column, or the like.
  • the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 are assembled in the following manner. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11 , the locking screw 92 is punched on the base 5 through the pressing plate 8 , and the wire storage box 7 is sandwiched between the pressing plate 8 and the base 5 . Thereby, the assembly between the base 5 and the cable-hiding box 7 is realized. There is a gap in the up-down direction between the wire-hiding box 7 and the base 5, and a hole and a shaft are arranged in the middle part. It may be that the wire-hiding box 7 has a matching hole, and the base 5 has a matching shaft, or the wire-hiding box 7 has a matching shaft, and the base 5 has a matching hole. The relative rotation of the wire storage box 7 and the base 5 is realized or constrained by the cooperation of the holes and shafts.
  • a damping member 6 is arranged at the gap between the wire hiding box 7 and the base 5, which can generate a damping feeling when rotating.
  • the damping member 6 can adopt any suitable material, structure and shape.
  • two separate damping members 6 are provided, one damping member 6 is fixed relative to the wire storage box 7 , and the other damping member 6 is fixed relative to the base 5 .
  • only one damping member 6 is provided, and the damping member 6 is only provided between the wire hiding box 7 and the base 5 , not relative to the wire hiding box 7 and the base 5 . either fixed.
  • the base 5 is provided with a pin 3 that can move axially.
  • the base 5 is provided with a first through hole 51 .
  • the pin 3 is inserted into the first hole 51 . It can be understood that the pin 3 is arranged in the first through hole 51 in a clearance fit manner. The pin 3 is restricted by the anti-drop structure in the base 5 and cannot fall out.
  • the anti-fall structure is a snap spring 33 .
  • the retaining spring 33 is snapped into the annular groove at the end 32 of the pin 3 , thereby preventing the pin 3 from falling off from the base 5 .
  • the outer diameter of the retaining spring 33 is larger than the diameter of the rod portion of the pin 3 . That is to say, the outer diameters of the head 31 and the retaining spring 33 are larger than the diameter of the first through hole 51 .
  • the anti-dropping structure can also adopt any other suitable structures such as anti-dropping screws, split pins traversing the pins 3 and so on.
  • the pin 3 In the initial state (natural state), the pin 3 is in the released position.
  • elastic components 34 are provided.
  • the elastic component 34 is a compression spring.
  • the elastic component 34 is disposed between the head 31 of the pin 3 and the base 5 , that is, both ends of the elastic component 34 abut against the head 31 and the base 5 respectively.
  • the elastic component 34 pushes up the pin 3 so that the pin 3 is in the release position.
  • the gap value is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm per side.
  • the one-side clearance is set to 0.2mm.
  • the locking structures on the wire storage box 7 are specifically teeth 71 arranged in an annular array.
  • the end 32 is provided in the shape of a wedge block as shown in the figure, so as to cooperate with the one on the wire storage box 7 .
  • the locking is achieved by inserting and fitting the ends 32 between the adjacent teeth 71 .
  • the base 5 is prevented from rotating relative to the wire storage box 7 .
  • the teeth 71 are located at the radial edge positions of the wire box 7 .
  • the advantage of this is that the moment arm at the limit can be increased, so that the force acting on the teeth 71 by the same torsion force is smaller, and the reliability is improved.
  • the base 5 is directly exposed as part of the exterior appearance of the camera. Therefore, in the release state, the base 5 can be directly rotated to adjust the P direction.
  • the lens assembly 1 is directly mounted on the base 5 . Therefore, the base 5 is used as a heat dissipation member and is directly exposed, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency compared with the technical solution in which the heat dissipation member is arranged in the casing.
  • the lens assembly 1 and the base 5 are fixed by screws. After being fixed, the lens assembly 1 and the base 5 are relatively stationary, and can rotate relative to the wire storage box 7 together. Since the base 5 and the upper cover assembly 2 are relatively stationary, the lens assembly 1 is also relatively stationary relative to the transparent cover 22 . In other words, the lens assembly 1 is integral with respect to the transparent cover 22 in the P-direction rotation.
  • the upper cover 21 and the base 5 are fixed by screws. After being fixed, the lens assembly 1 , the base 5 and the upper cover 21 are relatively stationary.
  • the locking and loosening of the P direction is mainly completed by three parts: the wire storage box 7 , the base 5 and the upper cover assembly 2 .
  • the pin 3 on the base 5 is located directly below or directly above the teeth 71 of the wire hiding box 7 .
  • the elastic assembly 34 is in a natural state, the pin 3 is pushed up; the pin 3 and the teeth 71 are not in contact, and the wire storage box 7 and the base 5 can rotate relative to each other, which is a loose state at this time.
  • the boss of the upper cover assembly 2 must be inserted into the hole of the base 5 due to the foolproof positioning structure arranged between the upper cover assembly 2 and the base 5 .
  • the boss will push the pin 3 upward, and the pin 3 is inserted into the teeth 71 of the wire storage box 7 , thereby restricting the relative rotation of the wire storage box 7 and the base 5 .
  • the elastic body on the boss and the pin 3 are designed to set a certain amount of interference to ensure that the pin 3 and the tooth 71 can be in close contact, and avoid the gap between the pin 3 and the tooth 71 to cause shaking.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 and the base 5 form a sealed chamber, and the lens assembly 1 is arranged in the sealed chamber.
  • the PCB is also placed in a sealed chamber.
  • the sealed chamber can use static sealing and waterproofing, and the sealing and waterproofing method is reliable.
  • a second sealing ring 52 is arranged between the upper cover assembly 2 and the base 5, and the upper cover 21 and the base 5 are locked by screws to compress the silica gel to achieve sealing.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 and the base 5 are relatively fixed, forming a relatively static chamber, which can be statically sealed, has reliable sealing, and has a simple structure.
  • the base 5 is directly exposed, the PCB (not shown) and the lens assembly 1 are directly mounted on the base 5, and the base 5 is used as a heat sink and is directly exposed, compared with the technical solution in which the heat sink is arranged in the housing , greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the transparent cover 22 and the camera orienting component can rotate along with it, and remain relatively stationary with the lens.
  • This solution is especially suitable for a dome camera with a light-blocking transparent cover.
  • the base 5 can drive the lens assembly 1 and the cable hiding box 7 to rotate in the P direction, so that the lens assembly 1 is rotated to a preset angle, and the cable hiding box 7 and the base can rotate in the P direction.
  • the teeth 71 of the cable box 7 prevent the base 5 from rotating in the P direction, so that the lens assembly 1 is limited to a preset angle.
  • the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 have the same first axis, and the P-direction rotation refers to the horizontal rotation around the first axis.
  • the dome camera also includes a pin 3, and when the pin 3 is in contact with the tooth 71, the wire-hiding box 7 is in a tight connection with the base 5, and when the pin 3 and the tooth 71 are loosened, the wire-hiding box 7 and the base 5 are in a non-tightening connection. connect.
  • the pins 3 are in contact with the teeth 71 , so that the base 5 and the wire storage box 7 can be switched between a tightly connected state and a non-fastened connection state.
  • the pin 3 In the initial natural state, the pin 3 is in the released position.
  • elastic components 34 are provided.
  • the elastic component 34 is a compression spring.
  • the elastic component 34 is disposed between the head 31 of the pin 3 and the base 5 , that is, both ends of the elastic component 34 abut against the head 31 and the base 5 respectively. In the natural state, the elastic component 34 pushes up the pin 3 so that the pin 3 is in the release position.
  • the teeth 71 on the wire storage box 7 are arranged in an annular array.
  • the end 32 is provided in the shape of a wedge block as shown in the figure, so as to cooperate with the one on the wire storage box 7 .
  • the locking is achieved by inserting and fitting the ends 32 between the adjacent teeth 71 .
  • the base 5 is prevented from rotating relative to the wire storage box 7 .
  • the pin 3 penetrates the base 5 in a direction parallel to the first axis.
  • the edge of the upper cover assembly 2 includes a jacking portion, and the jacking portion extends toward the base 5.
  • the pin 3 is subjected to the pressure exerted by the jacking portion, so that the pin 3 and the teeth 71 are connected. touch.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 is installed on the base; the upper cover assembly 2 is provided with a jacking portion, and the jacking portion can drive the pin 3 to switch between the release position and the locking position; wherein, when the pin 3 is switched to the locking position, the locking base 5 and the locking position The rotation degree of freedom of the wire storage box 7; when the pin 3 is switched to the release position, the lock is released.
  • the push-up portion is a driving boss 23 provided on the upper cover 21 .
  • the driving boss 23 is integrally formed with the upper cover assembly 21 , or is fixedly disposed on the upper cover 21 or the upper cover assembly 2 in other ways.
  • the push-up portion on the upper cover assembly 2 drives the pin 3 to move from the release position to the locking position.
  • the dome camera further includes an elastic component, and the elastic component is sleeved with the pin 3, so that the pin 3 can move in a direction parallel to the first axis when the pin 3 is subjected to or not subjected to the pressure exerted by the jacking portion.
  • the base 5 is provided with a pin 3 that can move axially.
  • the base 5 is provided with a first through hole 51 .
  • the pin 3 is inserted into the first hole 51 .
  • the elastic component is sleeved with the pin 3, so that the pin 3 can move in a direction parallel to the first axis when the pin 3 is subjected to or not subjected to the pressure exerted by the jacking portion.
  • the elastic component 34 is a compression spring.
  • the elastic component 34 is disposed between the head 31 of the pin 3 and the base 5 , that is, both ends of the elastic component 34 abut against the head 31 and the base 5 respectively. In the natural state, the elastic component 34 pushes up the pin 3 so that the pin 3 is in the release position.
  • the gap value is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm per side.
  • the one-side clearance is set to 0.2mm.
  • the upper cover assembly 2 and the base 5 are locked and fastened with screws.
  • the lens assembly 1 can tilt and rotate.
  • a camera orientation component may be installed on the lens assembly 1, and specifically, a camera orientation component that rotates along with it is installed on the base 5, so that when the P direction adjustment is performed, the camera orientation component and the direction of the lens are adjusted at the same time.
  • camera directional components include microphones, speakers, and/or PIR human infrared sensing units.

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Abstract

本公开公开了一种P向调节结构及半球型摄像机。其中，P向调节结构应用于半球型摄像机，包括：上盖组件、销钉、底座和藏线盒；所述底座与所述藏线盒转动连接；所述上盖组件安装于所述底座；所述上盖组件设置有顶起部，所述顶起部可驱动所述销钉在释放位置和锁止位置切换；其中，所述销钉切换至所述锁止位置时，锁止所述底座与所述藏线盒的转动自由度；所述销钉切换至所述释放位置时，释放所述锁止。本公开的P向调节结构结构简单、操作方便，就P向锁紧操作而言，非常简单，只需正常合上并紧固上盖即可，没有冗余操作。

Description

一种P向调节结构及半球型摄像机
本申请要求于2021年02月07日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110168516.7发明名称为“一种半球型摄像机P向调节结构”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及摄像机领域，特别是涉及一种P向调节结构及半球型摄像机。
背景技术
目前，针对大多数半球型摄像机，其结构较为复杂，在对摄像机进行设置作业时，调节镜头组件的P向位置的方式较为繁琐。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种结构简单、操作容易的一种P向调节结构及半球型摄像机。
为实现上述目的，第一方面，本公开提供一种P向调节结构，该P向调节结构应用于半球型摄像机，包括：上盖组件、销钉、圆柱形的底座和圆柱形的藏线盒；
所述底座与所述藏线盒转动连接；
所述上盖组件安装于所述底座；所述上盖组件设置有顶起部，所述顶起部可驱动所述销钉在释放位置和锁止位置切换；
其中，所述销钉切换至所述锁止位置时，锁止所述底座与所述藏线盒的转动自由度；所述销钉切换至所述释放位置时，释放所述锁止。
第二方面，本公开还提供一种半球型摄像机，所述半球型摄像机包括如上述第一方面的P向调节结构。
本公开实施例的提供的P向调节结构及摄像机结构简单、操作方便，就P向锁紧操作而言，非常简单，只需正常合上并紧固上盖即可，没有冗余操作。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例和相关技术的技术方案，下面对实施例和相关技术中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出 创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。
图1是说明半球型摄像机的P向、R向、T向的示意图；
图2是本公开实施例中一种半球型摄像机的立体图；
图3是图2半球型摄像机的爆炸示意图；
图4是藏线盒的结构示意图；
图5是图4藏线盒中的A部局部放大视图，示出了齿结构；
图6是底座的示意性剖视图；
图7是图6底座中局部B的放大示意图；
图8是上盖组件一个视角的结构示意图；
图9是上盖组件另一个视角的结构示意图；
图10是底座和藏线盒的连接结构的立体图；
图11是图10的局部C的放大示意图；
图12是示出镜头组件安装方式的示意性立体图；
图13是示出上盖组件安装方式的示意性立体图；
图14是示出销钉与齿接合方式的示意性立体图；
图15是示出上盖与透明罩密封结构的示意图；
图16是示出上盖与底座密封结构的示意图。
附图标记说明：
1—镜头组件；
2—上盖组件；21—上盖；22—透明罩；23—驱动凸台；24—硅胶塞；25—第一密封圈；
3—销钉；31—头部；32—末端；33—卡簧；34—弹性组件；
5—底座；51—第一穿孔；52—第二密封圈；
6—阻尼件；
7—藏线盒；71—齿；
8—压板；
91—紧固螺钉；92—锁紧螺钉。
具体实施方式
在附图中，使用相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或 类似功能的元件。下面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行详细说明。
在本公开的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
如图1所示，半球摄像机的角度调节包括三个方向的调节。摄像机安装好后，可以通过三个方向的角度调节机构将镜头对准需要监控的区域。
半球的三轴调节方向如下图。
P向是指：旋转法线垂直于安装面的转动方向。
R向是指：旋转法线与镜头轴线重合的转动方向。
T向是指：旋转法线与P向、R向转动法线垂直的转动方向。
如图2、图3所示，本公开实施例的P向调节结构，应用于半球型摄像机，包括：上盖组件2、销钉3、圆柱形的底座5和圆柱形的藏线盒7。底座5和藏线盒7以能够相对转动的方式相互连接。上盖组件2上设置有顶起部，用于驱动销钉3使之从释放位置运动至锁止位置，在锁止位置，销钉3锁止底座5相对于藏线盒7的转动；在释放位置，销钉3释放锁止，从而能够进行P向调节。在上盖组件2安装至底座5时，上盖组件2上的顶起部驱动销钉3使之从释放位置运动至锁止位置。
具体地，如图2至图13所示，根据本公开实施例的P向调节结构包括：镜头组件1、上盖组件2、销钉3、弹性组件34、底座5、阻尼件6、藏线盒7和压板8。藏线盒7和底座5设置为能够相对转动。也就是说，藏线盒7和底座5之间设置有转动缝隙或转动游隙。
镜头组件1能够垂直和轴向旋转。也就是说，镜头组件1能够实现T向和R向的旋转。
如图15所示，上盖组件2主要包括上盖21和半球型透明罩22。上盖21和透明罩22固定连接，无法相对转动。上盖21和透明罩22之间设置有第一密封圈25，上盖21和透明罩22直接相互压紧或者通过其他零件压紧，使第一密封圈25压缩从而实现密封。
透明罩22例如可以是完全透明的，也可以是带有隔光条或遮光部的隔光透明罩22(例如仅仅中部设置为透明)。使用隔光透明罩22的半球，镜头P向调节时，透明罩22必须一起转动，并与其保持相对静止；否则，镜头会与透明罩22的隔光条干涉。
上盖组件2上设置有顶起部，用于驱动销钉3。顶起部可以采用任何适当的形状和结构，而不限于图示实施例。
上盖组件2安装于底座；上盖组件2设置有顶起部，顶起部可驱动销钉3在释放位置和锁止位置切换；其中，销钉3切换至锁止位置时，锁止底座5与藏线盒7的转动自由度；销钉3切换至释放位置时，释放该锁止。
在图示实施例中，顶起部为设置在上盖21上的驱动凸台23。驱动凸台23与上盖21一体成型，或者以其他方式固定设置在上盖21上或上盖组件2上。在上盖组件2安装至底座5时，上盖组件2上的顶起部驱动销钉3使之从释放位置运动至锁止位置。
驱动凸台23用于驱动销钉3，使之从释放位置运动至锁止位置。在锁止位置，销钉3锁止底座5相对于藏线盒7的转动；在释放位置，销钉3释放锁止。也就是说，驱动凸台23用于藏线盒7和底座5的相对角度锁死和释放。
在一些实施例中，顶起部或驱动凸台23上设有弹性体，通过弹性体与销钉3接触。弹性体例如为设置在顶起部或驱动凸台23上的硅胶塞24或硅胶帽。参见图14，硅胶塞24的细杆部以过盈配合的方式插入在驱动凸台23上的中心孔内，硅胶塞24的端头紧贴驱动凸台23的平坦表面。
销钉3以能够活动的方式设置在底座5上，且带有防脱结构防止销钉3从底座5脱落。
具体地，销钉3穿过底座5上的第一穿孔51。销钉3的第一端(图中的末端32)朝向(即对准)顶起部或驱动凸台23，第二端(头部31)朝向(即对准)设置在藏线盒7上的锁止结构。如前，销钉3能够在释放位置和锁止位置之间运动。
在锁止位置，销钉3的第一端与藏线盒7上的锁止结构接合，从而，阻止销钉3相对于藏线盒7转动。进而，阻止底座5、藏线盒7相对于藏线盒7转动。可以理解的是，在对进行P向调整到位后，需要使得销钉3处于锁止 位置。
在释放位置，销钉3的第一端与藏线盒7上的锁止结构脱开接合，从而，不再阻止销钉3相对于藏线盒7转动，换句话说，允许销钉3相对于藏线盒7转动。在此情况下，允许底座5、藏线盒7相对于藏线盒7转动。可以理解的是，在需要进行P向调整时，需要使得销钉3处于释放位置。
如图5至图7所示，销钉3的第二端为头部31，第一端为末端32。头部31为径向扩展部，其径向尺寸大于销钉3杆部的径向尺寸。末端32的尺寸与形状设置为适于与藏线盒7上的锁止结构相配合。例如，末端32设置为图示的楔块形状，以与藏线盒7上的呈环形阵列布置的齿71相配合。末端32还能够设置为圆锥形状，以与藏线盒7上的环形阵列布置的圆孔相配合。在一个备选实施例中，圆孔阵列中的圆孔设置为相互间隔开。在另一个备选实施例中，圆孔阵列中的圆孔设置为局部重叠，这样可以提供更精细的调节精度。
如前所述，底座5设置为能够相对于藏线盒7转动。且通过销钉3来控制底座5能否相对于藏线盒7转动，以进行P向调节。
底座5和藏线盒7能够以任何适当的方式进行装配，只要底座5能够相对于藏线盒7转动即可。在一些实施例中，藏线盒7固定安装至诸如天花板、立柱等安装基座。
在图示实施例中，底座5和藏线盒7以下述方式进行装配。参见图10和图11，锁紧螺钉92穿过压板8打在底座5上，并将藏线盒7夹在压板8和底座5之间。由此实现底座5和藏线盒7之间的装配。藏线盒7和底座5之间在上下方向上留有间隙，并且中间部位处有孔轴配合。可以是藏线盒7带有配合孔，而底座5带有配合轴，还可以是藏线盒7带有配合轴，而底座5带有配合孔。藏线盒7和底座5的相对转动是由孔轴配合实现或约束的。
在藏线盒7和底座5之间的间隙处设置有阻尼件6，可以产生转动时的阻尼感。阻尼件6可以采用任何适当的材质与结构、形状。例如，在图示实施例中，设置有两个分离的阻尼件6，一个阻尼件6相对于藏线盒7固定，另一个阻尼件6相对于底座5固定。在一个未图示的备选实施例中，仅仅设置一个阻尼件6，且该阻尼件6仅仅是设置在藏线盒7和底座5之间，而没有相对于藏线盒7和底座5中的任一个固定。
如图7所示，底座5上装有能够轴向活动的销钉3。具体地，底座5上设置有第一穿孔51。销钉3插入在第一穿孔51内。可以理解的是，销钉3以间隙配合的方式设置在第一穿孔51内。销钉3在底座5中通过防掉结构限制，无法掉出。
在图示实施例中，防掉结构是卡簧33。卡簧33卡接在销钉3末端32的环形槽内，由此防止销钉3从底座5脱落。卡簧33的外径大于销钉3杆部的直径。也就是说，头部31和卡簧33的外直径大于第一穿孔51的孔径。需要指出的是，防掉结构还可以采用防掉螺钉、横穿销钉3的开口销等任何其他适当结构。
在初始状态(自然状态)下，销钉3处于释放位置。为此，设置有弹性组件34。在图4实施例中，弹性组件34为压簧。具体地，弹性组件34设置在销钉3的头部31与底座5之间，也就是说，弹性组件34的两端分别抵靠头部31与底座5。在自然状态时，弹性组件34将销钉3顶起，从而使得销钉3处于释放位置。
为了避免销钉3在里面晃动影响锁紧效果，销钉3和底座5上的第一穿孔51之间的不能留有太大间隙。在一些实施例中，间隙值为单边0.1mm-0.3mm。例如，单边间隙设置为0.2mm。
如图5所示，在图示实施例中，藏线盒7上的锁止结构具体为呈环形阵列布置的齿71。相应地，末端32设置为图示的楔块形状，以与藏线盒7上的相配合。通过末端32插入配合在相邻的齿71之间，实现锁位。由此阻止底座5相对于藏线盒7转动。
在一个备选的实施例中，齿71位于藏线盒7的径向边缘位置处。这样的好处是可以增大限位时的力臂，使相同扭力作用在齿71上的力更小，提升可靠性。
在图示的实施例中，底座5直接外露，作为摄像机外观的一部分。从而，在释放状态下，可以直接转动底座5进行P向调节。
在图示实施例中，镜头组件1直接安装在底座5上。从而，底座5用作散热件，且直接外露，与散热件设置在外壳内的技术方案相比，大大提高了散热效率。
具体地，镜头组件1和底座5通过螺钉固定。固定后，镜头组件1和底座5相对静止，并且可以一起相对藏线盒7转动。由于底座5和上盖组件2相对静止，所以镜头组件1相对透明罩22也相对静止。换句话说，镜头组件1相对透明罩22在P向转动上是一体的。
上盖21和底座5通过螺钉固定。固定后，镜头组件1、底座5、上盖21相对静止。
P向锁紧和松开，主要由藏线盒7、底座5、上盖组件2三个部件完成。
上盖组件2和底座5通过紧固螺钉91打紧时，P向锁紧；松开紧固螺钉91，将上盖组件2松弛或卸下时，P向松开，允许进行P向调节。
底座5和藏线盒7装配完成后，底座5上的销钉3位于藏线盒7的齿71的正下方或正上方。在弹性组件34处于自然状态时，销钉3被顶起；销钉3和齿71不接触，藏线盒7和底座5可以相对转动，此时为松开状态。
上盖组件2和底座5通过螺钉打紧后，由于上盖组件2和底座5之间设置了防呆定位结构，使得上盖组件2的凸台必定会插入到底座5的孔中。凸台会将销钉3往上顶，销钉3插入藏线盒7的齿71内，从而限制藏线盒7和底座5的相对转动。凸台上的弹性体与销钉3设计上设置一定的干涉量，确保销钉3和齿71可以紧密接触，避免销钉3和齿71间有间隙从而导致晃动。
如图16所示，上盖组件2和底座5形成一个密封腔室，镜头组件1设置在该密封腔室内。PCB也置于在密封腔室内。该密封腔室可以使用静密封防水，密封防水方式可靠。上盖组件2和底座5之间设置有第二密封圈52，上盖21和底座5之间通过螺钉锁紧，使硅胶压缩从而实现密封。上盖组件2和底座5是相对固定的，形成一个相对静止的腔室，可以使用静密封、密封可靠、结构简单。
此外，如前，底座5直接外露，PCB(未图示)和镜头组件1直接安装在底座5上，底座5用作散热件，且直接外露，与散热件设置在外壳内的技术方案相比，大大提高了散热效率。
在本公开一可选实施例中，P向调节结构包括摄像机定向元器件，或者说在P向调节结构上安装有摄像机定向元器件。具体地，在底座5上安装有随之一起转动的摄像机定向元器件，从而，在进行P向调节时，同时调整摄像 机定向元器件与镜头的方向。例如，摄像机定向元器件包括麦克风、扬声器和/或PIR(人体红外线感应单元)等。
从而，在对镜头做P向角度调节时，透明罩22以及摄像机定向元器件可以跟着一起转动，并与镜头保持相对静止。此方案特别适用于隔光透明罩的半球型摄像机。
就P向锁紧操作而言，非常简单，只需正常合上并紧固上盖21即可，没有冗余操作。
本公开另外一方面的实施例提出了一种半球型摄像机，包括镜头组件1、上盖组件2、圆柱形的底座5和圆柱形的藏线盒7。上盖组件2包括半球型透明罩22，透明罩22罩设镜头组件1。底座5支撑镜头组件1和上盖组件2，圆柱形的藏线盒7，藏线盒7支撑底座5，藏线盒7中与底座5接触的表面设置有穿孔，用于接纳由底座5穿设出的镜头组件1的线缆，其中，藏线盒7的表面的周向边缘设置有齿，藏线盒7被限定为：在藏线盒7与底座5处于非紧固连接时，底座5能够带动镜头组件1与藏线盒7进行P向转动，以使得镜头组件1转动至预设角度，在藏线盒7与底座5处于紧固连接时，藏线盒7的齿阻止底座5进行P向转动，以使得镜头组件1被限定至预设角度。
上盖组件2包括半球型透明罩22，透明罩22罩设镜头组件1，例如可以是完全透明的，也可以是带有隔光条或遮光部的隔光透明罩22例如仅仅中部设置为透明。使用隔光透明罩22的半球，镜头P向调节时，透明罩22必须一起转动，并与其保持相对静止；否则，镜头会与透明罩22的隔光条干涉。
藏线盒7和底座5设置为能够相对转动。也就是说，藏线盒7和底座5之间设置有转动缝隙或转动游隙。藏线盒7与底座5接触的表面设置有穿孔，用于接纳由底座5穿设出的镜头组件1的线缆。在一个备选的实施例中，齿71位于藏线盒7的径向边缘位置处。这样的好处是可以增大限位时的力臂，使相同扭力作用在齿71上的力更小，提升可靠性。
在藏线盒7与底座5处于非紧固连接时，底座5能够带动镜头组件1与藏线盒7进行P向转动，以使得镜头组件1转动至预设角度，在藏线盒7与底座5处于紧固连接时，藏线盒7的齿71阻止底座5进行P向转动，以使得镜头组件1被限定至预设角度。
底座5和藏线盒7具有相同的第一轴线，P向转动指绕第一轴线的水平转动。
半球型摄像机还包括销钉3，在销钉3与齿71接触时，藏线盒7与底座5处于紧固连接，在销钉3与齿71松开时，藏线盒7与底座5处于非紧固连接。
如图7所示，销钉3与齿71接触，以使底座5和藏线盒7能够在紧固连接状态和非紧固连接状态下切换。在初始状态自然状态下，销钉3处于释放位置。为此，设置有弹性组件34。在图4实施例中，弹性组件34为压簧。具体地，弹性组件34设置在销钉3的头部31与底座5之间，也就是说，弹性组件34的两端分别抵靠头部31与底座5。在自然状态时，弹性组件34将销钉3顶起，从而使得销钉3处于释放位置。
为了避免销钉3在里面晃动影响锁紧效果，销钉3和底座5上的第一穿孔51之间的不能留有太大间隙。在一些实施例中，间隙值为单边0.1mm-0.3mm。例如，单边间隙设置为0.2mm。
如图5所示，在图示实施例中，藏线盒7上的齿71呈环形阵列布置。相应地，末端32设置为图示的楔块形状，以与藏线盒7上的相配合。通过末端32插入配合在相邻的齿71之间，实现锁位。由此阻止底座5相对于藏线盒7转动。
销钉3沿着与第一轴线平行的方向贯通底座5。
如图7所示，底座5上装有能够轴向活动的销钉3。具体地，底座5上设置有第一穿孔51。销钉3插入在第一穿孔51内。可以理解的是，销钉3以间隙配合的方式设置在第一穿孔51内。销钉3在底座5中通过防掉结构限制，无法掉出。
在图示实施例中，防掉结构是卡簧33。卡簧33卡接在销钉3末端32的环形槽内，由此防止销钉3从底座5脱落。卡簧33的外径大于销钉3杆部的直径。也就是说，头部31和卡簧33的外直径大于第一穿孔51的孔径。需要指出的是，防掉结构还可以采用防掉螺钉、横穿销钉3的开口销等任何其他适当结构。
在图示实施例中，底座5和藏线盒7以下述方式进行装配。参见图10和 图11，锁紧螺钉92穿过压板8打在底座5上，并将藏线盒7夹在压板8和底座5之间。由此实现底座5和藏线盒7之间的装配。藏线盒7和底座5之间在上下方向上留有间隙，并且中间部位处有孔轴配合。可以是藏线盒7带有配合孔，而底座5带有配合轴，还可以是藏线盒7带有配合轴，而底座5带有配合孔。藏线盒7和底座5的相对转动是由孔轴配合实现或约束的。
在上盖组件2与底座5处于非紧固连接时，销钉3与齿松开，在上盖组件2与底座5处于紧固连接时，销钉3与齿71接触。
上盖组件2的边缘包括顶起部，顶起部朝向底座5延伸，在上盖组件2与底座5处于紧固连接时，销钉3受到顶起部施加的压力，以使得销钉3与齿71接触。
上盖组件2上设置有顶起部，用于驱动销钉3。顶起部可以采用任何适当的形状和结构，而不限于图示实施例。
上盖组件2安装于底座；上盖组件2设置有顶起部，顶起部可驱动销钉3在释放位置和锁止位置切换；其中，销钉3切换至锁止位置时，锁止底座5与藏线盒7的转动自由度；销钉3切换至释放位置时，释放该锁止。
在图示实施例中，顶起部为设置在上盖21上的驱动凸台23。驱动凸台23与上盖组件21一体成型，或者以其他方式固定设置在上盖21上或上盖组件2上。在上盖组件2安装至底座5时，上盖组件2上的顶起部驱动销钉3使之从释放位置运动至锁止位置。
半球型摄像机还包括弹性组件，弹性组件套设销钉3，以使得销钉3能够在受到或不受到顶起部施加的压力时沿着与第一轴线平行的方向运动。
如图7所示，底座5上装有能够轴向活动的销钉3。具体地，底座5上设置有第一穿孔51。销钉3插入在第一穿孔51内。可以理解的是，销钉3以间隙配合的方式设置在第一穿孔51内。弹性组件套设销钉3，以使得销钉3能够在受到或不受到顶起部施加的压力时沿着与第一轴线平行的方向运动，在图示例中，弹性组件34为压簧。具体地，弹性组件34设置在销钉3的头部31与底座5之间，也就是说，弹性组件34的两端分别抵靠头部31与底座5。在自然状态时，弹性组件34将销钉3顶起，从而使得销钉3处于释放位置。
为了避免销钉3在里面晃动影响锁紧效果，销钉3和底座5上的第一穿 孔51之间的不能留有太大间隙。在一些实施例中，间隙值为单边0.1mm-0.3mm。例如，单边间隙设置为0.2mm。
上盖组件2与底座5利用螺钉锁紧紧固。
如图9所示，上盖组件2和底座5通过紧固螺钉91锁紧时，P向锁紧；松开紧固螺钉91，将上盖组件2松弛或卸下时，P向松开，允许进行P向调节。
镜头组件1能够俯仰转动。
镜头组件1上可以安装有摄像机定向元器件，具体地，在底座5上安装有随之一起转动的摄像机定向元器件，从而，在进行P向调节时，同时调整摄像机定向元器件与镜头的方向。例如，摄像机定向元器件包括麦克风、扬声器和/或PIR人体红外线感应单元等。
从而，在对镜头做P向角度调节时，透明罩22以及摄像机定向元器件可以跟着一起转动，并与镜头保持相对静止。最后需要指出的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种P向调节结构，应用于半球型摄像机，包括：上盖组件(2)、销钉(3)、圆柱形的底座(5)和圆柱形的藏线盒(7)；
    所述底座(5)与所述藏线盒(7)转动连接；
    所述上盖组件(2)安装于所述底座(5)；所述上盖组件(2)设置有顶起部，所述顶起部可驱动所述销钉(3)在释放位置和锁止位置切换；
    其中，所述销钉(3)切换至所述锁止位置时，锁止所述底座(5)与所述藏线盒(7)的转动自由度；所述销钉(3)切换至所述释放位置时，释放所述锁止。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述销钉(3)穿过所述底座(5)上的第一穿孔(51)；所述销钉(3)的第一端朝向所述顶起部，所述销钉(3)的第二端朝向设置在所述藏线盒(7)上的锁止结构；所述顶起部作用于所述所述销钉(3)的第一端，使得所述销钉(3)的第二端与所述锁止结构接合。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述销钉(3)的第一端为所述销钉(3)的头部(31)，所述销钉(3)的第二端为所述销钉(3)的末端(32)；
    在所述销钉(3)的临近所述末端(32)的轴向位置处，设置有卡簧(33)，所述头部(31)和卡簧(33)的外直径大于所述第一穿孔(51)的孔径。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的P向调节结构，其中，在所述销钉(3)的头部(31)与所述底座(5)之间设置有弹性组件(34)；
    所述弹性组件(34)的两端分别抵靠所述头部(31)与所述底座(5)，所述弹性组件(34)在自然状态下，使得所述销钉(3)处于释放位置。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述销钉(3)与所述第一穿孔(51)之间的单侧间隙设置在0.1mm-0.3mm的范围内。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述藏线盒(7)上的锁止结构为呈环形阵列布置的齿(71)，且所述齿(71)设置于所述藏线盒(7)的径向边缘位置处。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述底座(5)直接外露；
    所述上盖组件(2)和底座(5)形成一个密封腔室。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述上盖组件(2)上设置的顶起部为驱动凸台(23)。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的P向调节结构，其中，在所述驱动凸台(23)上设置有弹性体，所述驱动凸台(23)通过所述弹性体与所述销钉(3)接触。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的P向调节结构，其中，所述藏线盒(7)和底座(5)之间在上下方向上留有间隙，并且中间部位处形成孔轴配合。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的P向调节结构，其中，在所述藏线盒(7)和底座(5)之间设置有阻尼件(6)。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的P向调节结构，其中，在所述底座(5)上安装有随之一起转动的摄像机定向元器件，所述摄像机定向元器件用于在进行P向调节时，同步调整其与半球型摄像机镜头的方向。
  13. 一种半球型摄像机，包括权利要求1至12任一项所述的P向调节结构。
  14. 一种半球型摄像机，包括：
    镜头组件(1)；
    上盖组件(2)，包括半球型透明罩(22)，所述透明罩(22)罩设所述镜头组件(1)；
    圆柱形的底座(5)，所述底座(5)支撑所述镜头组件(1)和所述上盖组件(2)；
    圆柱形的藏线盒(7)，所述藏线盒(7)支撑所述底座(5)，所述藏线盒(7)中与所述底座(5)接触的表面设置有穿孔，用于接纳由所述底座(5)穿设出的所述镜头组件(1)的线缆；
    其中，所述藏线盒(7)的所述表面的周向边缘设置有齿(71)，所述藏线盒(7)被限定为：
    在所述藏线盒(7)与所述底座(5)处于非紧固连接时，所述底座(5)能够带动所述镜头组件(1)与所述藏线盒(7)进行P向转动，以使得所述镜头组件(1)转动至预设角度；
    在所述藏线盒(7)与所述底座(5)处于紧固连接时，所述藏线盒(7) 的所述齿(71)阻止所述底座(5)进行P向转动，以使得所述镜头组件(1)被限定至所述预设角度。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的半球型摄像机，其中，
    所述底座(5)和所述藏线盒(7)具有相同的第一轴线；
    所述P向转动指绕所述第一轴线的水平转动。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的半球型摄像机，其中，
    所述半球型摄像机还包括销钉(3)；
    在所述销钉(3)与所述齿(71)接触时，所述藏线盒(7)与所述底座(5)处于紧固连接；
    在所述销钉(3)与所述齿(71)松开时，所述藏线盒(7)与所述底座(5)处于非紧固连接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的半球型摄像机，其中，所述销钉(3)沿着与所述第一轴线平行的方向贯通所述底座(5)。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的半球型摄像机，其中，
    在所述上盖组件(2)与所述底座(5)处于非紧固连接时，所述销钉(3)与所述齿(71)松开；
    在所述上盖组件(2)与所述底座(5)处于紧固连接时，所述销钉(3)与所述齿(71)接触。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的半球型摄像机，其中，
    所述上盖组件(2)的边缘包括顶起部，所述顶起部朝向所述底座(5)延伸；
    在所述上盖组件(2)与所述底座(5)处于紧固连接时，所述销钉(3)受到所述顶起部施加的压力，以使得所述销钉(3)与所述齿(71)接触。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的半球型摄像机，其中，所述半球型摄像机还包括弹性组件(34)，所述弹性组件(34)套设所述销钉(3)，以使得所述销钉(3)能够在受到或不受到所述顶起部施加的压力时沿着与所述第一轴线平行的方向运动。
  21. 如权利要求19所述的半球型摄像机，其中，所述上盖组件(2)与所述底座(5)利用螺钉锁紧紧固。
  22. 如权利要求14至21中任一项所述的半球型摄像机，其中，所述镜头组件(1)能够俯仰转动。
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