WO2022165644A1 - 发热组件及电子雾化装置 - Google Patents

发热组件及电子雾化装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022165644A1
WO2022165644A1 PCT/CN2021/074920 CN2021074920W WO2022165644A1 WO 2022165644 A1 WO2022165644 A1 WO 2022165644A1 CN 2021074920 W CN2021074920 W CN 2021074920W WO 2022165644 A1 WO2022165644 A1 WO 2022165644A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
heating
heating layer
heating element
layer
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PCT/CN2021/074920
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
段银祥
蒋金峰
朱明达
陈鹏
谢建声
杜靖
卜桂华
郑良福
熊玉明
吴振兴
范静波
Original Assignee
深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司
Priority to EP21923673.4A priority Critical patent/EP4289297A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074920 priority patent/WO2022165644A1/zh
Publication of WO2022165644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022165644A1/zh
Priority to US18/361,984 priority patent/US20230371600A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/51—Arrangement of sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/57—Temperature control

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of atomizers, and in particular, to a heating component and an electronic atomization device.
  • the ceramic atomizing cores of several electronic atomization devices with good taste are mostly printed with iron-nickel-chromium or iron-chromium-aluminum on a porous ceramic substrate. It has the characteristics of strong resistance to high temperature oxidation and solution corrosion.
  • the present application provides a heating component and an electronic atomization device to solve the technical problem that the metal layer of the ceramic atomizing core cannot achieve temperature control in the prior art.
  • the first technical solution provided by the present application is to provide a heating component, including: a ceramic substrate and a heating layer, the heating layer includes stainless steel and inorganic non-metals; the heating layer is used for heating mist
  • the substrate to be atomized forms an aerosol and has TCR temperature-sensitive properties, and the inorganic non-metal is used to adjust the TCR value of the heat-generating layer.
  • the stainless steel includes one or more of 316L stainless steel, 304 stainless steel and 430 stainless steel.
  • the inorganic non-metal includes one or more of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and SiC.
  • non-stainless steel metal is further included, and the non-stainless steel metal includes one or more of Mo, Ti, Zr, and Mg.
  • the glass phase includes one of SiO 2 -ZnO-BaO system, SiO 2 -CaO-ZnO system, SiO 2 -ZnO-R 2 O system and SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 system or more.
  • the heat-generating layer is composed of the stainless steel, the inorganic non-metallic material, the glass phase and the non-stainless steel metal, and the stainless steel accounts for 75-85% by weight of the heat-generating layer, and the inorganic
  • the non-metallic material accounts for 0.5-3% by weight of the heat-generating layer
  • the glass phase accounts for 11.5-21.5% by weight of the heat-generating layer
  • the non-stainless steel metal accounts for 0.5% by weight of the heat-generating layer. -3%.
  • the stainless steel is one or more of 316L stainless steel, 304 stainless steel and 430 stainless steel
  • the inorganic non-metal is one or more of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and SiC
  • the The non-stainless steel metal is one or more of Mo, Ti, Zr and Mg
  • the glass phase is SiO 2 -ZnO-BaO system, SiO 2 -CaO-ZnO system, SiO 2 -ZnO-R 2 O system and One or more of SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 systems.
  • the thickness of the heat generating layer is 100-120 ⁇ m.
  • the resistance of the heating layer is 0.6-0.8 ⁇ .
  • the second technical solution provided by the present application is to provide an electronic atomization device, which includes: a heating component, wherein the heating component is any one of the heating components described above.
  • the heating component in the present application includes a ceramic substrate and a heating layer, and the heating layer includes stainless steel and inorganic non-metals; the heating layer is used to heat the substrate to be atomized to form an aerosol and has a TCR temperature Sensitive properties, inorganic non-metals are used to adjust the TCR value of the heating layer.
  • the heating components have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high temperature stability, high temperature oxidation resistance and solution corrosion resistance; adding inorganic non-metallic materials to the stainless steel realizes the temperature control of the heating layer, thereby avoiding Miscellaneous gas and burnt smell appear during the atomization process, and the consistency of the fragrance is ensured, which is conducive to improving the user's experience.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electronic atomization device provided by the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating assembly provided by the present application.
  • 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the microscopic topography of the heating layer of the heating element provided by the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a heating component provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance of the heating element and the temperature in Experiment 7 provided by the present application.
  • first”, “second” and “third” in this application are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first”, “second”, “third” may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
  • "a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear%) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between components under a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic atomization device provided in the present application.
  • the electronic atomizer device includes an atomizer 1 and a power supply assembly 2 that are connected to each other.
  • the atomizer 1 includes a heating component 11 and a liquid reservoir 12; the liquid reservoir 12 is used to store the substrate to be atomized; the heating component 11 is used to heat and atomize the substrate to be atomized in the liquid reservoir, so as to form a form for the user to be atomized. Inhaled aerosols.
  • the atomizer 1 can specifically be used to atomize the substrate to be atomized and generate aerosols for use in different fields, such as medical treatment, electronic aerosolization devices, etc.; in a specific embodiment, the atomizer 1 can be used for In the electronic aerosolization device, it is used to atomize the substrate to be atomized and generate aerosol for suction by the smoker.
  • the atomizer 1 It can also be used in hair spray equipment to atomize hair spray for hair styling; or in medical equipment for treating upper and lower respiratory diseases to atomize medical drugs.
  • the power supply assembly 2 includes a battery 21, a controller 22 and an airflow sensor 23; the battery 21 is used to power the atomizer 1, so that the atomizer 1 can atomize the liquid substrate to form an aerosol; the controller 22 is used to control the atomizer 1 works; the airflow sensor 23 is used to detect the change of airflow in the electronic atomizer device to start the electronic atomizer device.
  • the atomizer 1 and the power supply assembly 2 may be integrally provided, or may be detachably connected, and are designed according to specific needs.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the heating assembly provided by the present application.
  • the heat generating component 11 includes a ceramic base 13 and a heat generating layer 14 .
  • the ceramic substrate 13 is porous ceramics, the ceramic substrate 13 contacts the substrate to be atomized from the liquid reservoir 12, and is guided to the heating layer 14 by capillary force, and the heating layer 14 heats and atomizes it to form an aerosol.
  • the heating layer 14 includes stainless steel and inorganic non-metals.
  • the heating layer 14 is used to heat and atomize the substrate to be atomized to form an aerosol and has TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance) temperature-sensitive properties.
  • the inorganic non-metals are used to adjust the TCR value of the heating layer 14 .
  • the heating layer 14 in this embodiment is made of stainless steel, so that the heating layer 14 has TCR temperature-sensitive characteristics, and the heating component 11 has the high temperature resistance, high temperature stability, It has the characteristics of strong resistance to high temperature oxidation and solution corrosion; further inorganic non-metallic materials are added to the heating layer 14 to realize the adjustment of the TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance) value of the heating layer 14, and the temperature sensing and Therefore, it can avoid miscellaneous gas and burnt smell during the atomization process, and improve the heat flux density and temperature field uniformity of the heating element 11, and improve the consistency of the fragrance, which is beneficial to improve the user's use experience.
  • the stainless steel includes one or more of 316L stainless steel, 304 stainless steel and 430 stainless steel, and can also be stainless steel of other grades.
  • the maximum temperature of heating and atomizing e-liquid is preferably controlled below 350 degrees, but the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR value) of the general stainless steel heating film is too high, and the temperature of the heating film is easy to exceed 350 degrees; this application can add inorganic non-metallic materials. solve this problem.
  • the inorganic non-metallic materials include one or more of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 and SiC, and can also be other inorganic non-metallic materials.
  • the resistance, temperature coefficient of resistance and corrosion resistance of the heat generating layer 14 are adjusted by adding a small amount of inorganic non-metallic materials to the heat generating layer 14 .
  • the stainless steel and inorganic non-metallic materials in the heating layer 14 can be selected as required, as long as the heating element 11 can be temperature controlled.
  • the heat-generating layer 14 is composed of stainless steel and inorganic non-metals, and the percentage of the inorganic non-metals in the total weight of the heat-generating layer 14 is 1%.
  • the heat generating layer 14 also includes a non-stainless steel metal, and the non-stainless steel metal includes one or more of Mo, Ti, Zr, and Mg.
  • the non-stainless steel metal includes one or more of Mo, Ti, Zr, and Mg.
  • the heating layer 14 is composed of stainless steel, non-stainless steel metal and inorganic non-metallic materials, and the percentage of inorganic non-metals in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 1%, and the percentage of non-stainless steel metals in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 0.5%.
  • the heating layers in conventional heating components are mostly iron-nickel-chromium or iron-chromium-aluminum series heating layers printed on a porous ceramic substrate.
  • heavy metal ions eg, nickel, chromium
  • the electrochemical stability of the heating layer 14 in the working environment of the electronic atomization device is improved, thereby greatly reducing the electrochemical stability.
  • the content of heavy metals in the substrate to be atomized and the aerosol can solve the pain point problem of potential safety hazards for users caused by the existing heating components.
  • the heating layer 14 is made by drying the resistance paste.
  • the resistance paste includes stainless steel powder, non-stainless steel metal, inorganic non-metallic, glass phase and organic vehicle, and the organic vehicle includes resin and solvent.
  • the organic carrier continues to volatilize, therefore, the heat generating layer 14 includes stainless steel powder, non-stainless steel metal, inorganic non-metallic and glass phases.
  • the difference between the heat generating layer 14 and the electronic paste is whether or not it contains an organic vehicle.
  • the weight percentage of the stainless steel powder in the total weight of the resistance paste is 60%-76.5%
  • the weight percentage of the glass phase in the total weight of the resistance paste is 9.2%-17.2%
  • the weight percentage of the inorganic non-metals in the total weight of the resistance paste is 9.2%-17.2%. It is 0.4-2.7%
  • the non-stainless steel metal accounts for 0.4-2.7% of the total weight of the resistance paste
  • the organic vehicle accounts for 10%-20% of the total weight of the resistance paste.
  • the glass phase is a SiO 2 -ZnO-BaO system, which can be better matched with the ceramic matrix 13 to prevent the resistance paste from generating stress during high-temperature sintering to damage the ceramic matrix 13 or cause microcracks in the heating layer 14 ;
  • the glass phase system is not limited to the SiO 2 -ZnO-BaO system, other systems SiO 2 -CaO-ZnO, SiO 2 -ZnO-R 2 O, SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 etc. can be realized, and the specific can be based on the ceramic matrix 13 And the sintering process of the resistance paste is selected.
  • Organic vehicles include resins and solvents.
  • Resins include ethyl cellulose
  • solvents include terpineol and butyl carbitol acetate systems
  • both terpineol and butyl carbitol acetate are good solvents for ethyl cellulose, terpineol and butyl carbitol acetate
  • the combination of esters can control the volatility and leveling properties of the resistor paste.
  • terpineol and butyl carbitol acetate can adjust the viscosity of the organic carrier. Appropriate viscosity can fully wet the metal and inorganic non-metallic materials and improve the resistance. The printability of the paste.
  • the resin can also be cellulose acetate butyrate, acrylic resin, polyvinyl butyral, etc.;
  • the solvent can also be butyl carbitol, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, triethylene glycol butyl ether, Alcohol ester 12, tributyl citrate, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, etc.; the specific material composition of resin and solvent can be selected according to needs.
  • the weight percentage of stainless steel in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 75%-85%
  • the weight percentage of the glass phase in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 11.5%-21.5%
  • the inorganic non-ferrous metals The weight percentage of the metal in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 0.5%-3%
  • the weight percentage of the non-stainless steel metal in the total weight of the heating layer 14 is 0.5-3%.
  • FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the microscopic topography of the heating layer of the heating component provided by the present application.
  • the screen plate specifications used for the resistance paste are 200 mesh, 80 ⁇ m yarn thickness, 100 ⁇ m emulsion thickness and 0.5 mm line width.
  • the heating layer 14 is obtained, and its microscopic morphology is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the thickness of the heating layer 14 is 100 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, and the resistance is 0.6 ⁇ -0.8 ⁇ .
  • spraying, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), etc., or a combination of multiple processes can be used to prepare the heat generating layer 14, and the specific process can be selected according to needs.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of the manufacturing method of the heating element provided by the present application.
  • the manufacturing method of the heating element 11 includes:
  • the ceramic powder is prepared, and the ceramic matrix 13 is made by processes such as screen printing and sintering.
  • a heat-generating layer is formed on the surface of the ceramic substrate.
  • the raw materials for forming the heating layer 14 are made into resistance paste; the resistance paste is screen printed on the surface of the porous ceramic base 13; the ceramic base 13 and the resistance paste are dried at 1000-1250° C. Sintering to form the heat generating layer 14 on the surface of the ceramic base 13 .
  • the stainless steel powder in the resistance paste accounts for 75% of the total weight of the resistance paste
  • the glass phase accounts for 12% of the total weight of the resistance paste
  • the inorganic non-metals account for 12% of the total weight of the resistance paste.
  • the weight percentage of the non-stainless steel metal in the total weight of the resistance paste is 0.5%
  • the weight percentage of the organic vehicle in the total weight of the resistance paste is 11.5%
  • the resin in the organic vehicle occupies the weight percentage of the total weight of the organic vehicle.
  • the weight percentage of the solvent in the total weight of the organic carrier is 95%
  • the thickness of the produced heat generating layer 14 is 100 ⁇ m
  • the resistance value is 0.6 ⁇ .
  • stainless steel powder adopts 361L stainless steel powder; glass phase adopts SiO 2 -ZnO-BaO system; inorganic non-metal adopts SiO 2 ; non-stainless steel metal adopts Mo and Mg; resin in organic carrier adopts ethyl cellulose, and solvent adopts pine oil Alcohol and butyl carbitol acetate system.
  • the weight percentage of ethyl cellulose in the total weight of the organic carrier is 5%
  • the weight percentage of terpineol in the total weight of the organic carrier is 60%
  • the mass percentage of butyl carbitol acetate in the total weight of the organic carrier is 35%.
  • the heating layer 14 of the heating component 11 needs to be provided with pins to be electrically connected to the battery 21, and the pins are coated with silver paste to prevent the pins from being corroded by the substrate to be atomized or the aerosol that has been atomized. Play a protective role; other metal coatings can also be used to protect the pins, which can be selected according to needs.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application is compared with the existing heating element No. 1, and the advantages and disadvantages of its performance are proved through experiments.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application for the experiment is composed of stainless steel, non-stainless steel metal, glass phase and inorganic non - metal; Mo and Mg are used for non-stainless steel metals; stainless steel accounts for 75% by weight of the heating layer, inorganic non-metallic materials account for 1% by weight of the heating layer, glass phase accounts for 12% by weight of the heating layer, and non-stainless steel metal accounts for the heating layer.
  • the weight percent of the layer is 0.5%.
  • the main component of the heating layer in the existing heating element No. 1 is nickel-chromium (T29), the nickel-chromium content is 85.6%, and the glass phase content is 14.4%.
  • the heating component 11 provided in this application is recorded as heating component No. 2.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 are tested under the above experimental conditions to determine the resistance change and whether it fails.
  • three parallel experiments were performed on the heating element 11 in the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 respectively; the experimental results are shown in Table 1.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 were tested under the above-mentioned experimental conditions to determine whether the resistance changes and whether it fails.
  • three parallel experiments were performed on the heating element 11 in the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 respectively; the experimental results are shown in Table 2.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 were tested under the above-mentioned experimental conditions, and the metal dissolution amount was compared.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 3.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 were tested under the above experimental conditions, and the metal dissolution amount was compared.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 4.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application and the existing heating element No. 1 were tested under the above experimental conditions to compare the heavy metal content in the flue gas.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 5.
  • the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the heating layer and the ceramic substrate in the heating element 11 provided in the present application, the existing heating element No. 1 and the existing heating element No. 3 were tested.
  • the main component of the heating layer of the heating element No. 3 is stainless steel.
  • the relationship between the resistance and temperature of the heating element No. 2 and the heating element No. 3 is shown in Figure 5 (please refer to Figure 5, which is the relationship between the resistance and temperature of the heating element in Experiment 7 provided by this application), and the calculation results are shown in Table 7 shown.
  • the heating element 11 provided by the present application has TCR performance compared with the existing heating element No. 1, and can realize the temperature control of the heating layer 14, thereby reducing impurities and coke.
  • the TCR value of the heating layer 14 can be effectively changed; the service life of the heating element 11 is prolonged; the heat flux density and temperature field uniformity of the heating layer 14 are improved; experience.
  • the heating component in this application includes a ceramic substrate and a heating layer, and the heating layer includes stainless steel and inorganic non-metallic materials; the heating layer is used to heat the substrate to be atomized to form an aerosol and has TCR temperature-sensitive properties, and the inorganic non-metallic layer is used to adjust the heating layer the TCR value.
  • the heating components have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high temperature stability, high temperature oxidation resistance and solution corrosion resistance; adding inorganic non-metallic materials to the stainless steel realizes the temperature control of the heating layer, thereby avoiding Miscellaneous gas and burnt smell appear during the atomization process, and the consistency of the fragrance is ensured, which is conducive to improving the user's experience.

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Abstract

一种发热组件（11）及电子雾化装置，发热组件（11）包括陶瓷基体（13）和发热层（14），发热层（14）包括不锈钢和无机非金属，发热层（14）用于加热待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR温敏特性，无机非金属用于调节发热层（14）的TCR值。通过使用不锈钢制成发热层（14），使发热组件（11）具有耐高温、高温稳定性高、抗高温氧化及溶液腐蚀能力强等特点；在不锈钢中添加无机非金属材料，调节发热层的电阻温度系数，实现对发热层（14）的温控，避免雾化过程中出现杂气和焦味，保证香味的一致性，有利于提高用户的使用体验感。

Description

发热组件及电子雾化装置 技术领域
本申请涉及雾化器技术领域，具体是涉及一种发热组件及电子雾化装置。
背景技术
市场上，口感较好的几款电子雾化装置的陶瓷雾化芯大多为在多孔陶瓷基体上印刷铁镍铬或铁铬铝，铁镍铬或铁铬铝具有耐高温、高温稳定性高、抗高温氧化及溶液腐蚀能力强等特点。
随着电子雾化装置的技术日趋成熟，消费者对口感的追求愈加凸显；而此类陶瓷雾化芯无法实现温控，雾化过程中会出现杂气、焦味及香味还原度差等现象，影响消费者的使用体验感。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种发热组件及电子雾化装置，以解决现有技术中陶瓷雾化芯的金属层无法实现温控的技术问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供的第一个技术方案为：提供一种发热组件，包括：陶瓷基体和发热层，所述发热层包括不锈钢和无机非金属；所述发热层用于加热雾化待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR温敏特性，所述无机非金属用于调节所述发热层的TCR值。
其中，所述不锈钢包括316L不锈钢、304不锈钢以及430不锈钢中的一种或多种。
其中，所述无机非金属包括SiO 2、Al 2O 3、ZrO 2以及SiC中的一种或多种。
其中，进一步包括非不锈钢金属，所述非不锈钢金属包括Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg的一种或多种。
其中，进一步包括玻璃相，所述玻璃相包括SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系、SiO 2-CaO-ZnO体系、SiO 2-ZnO-R 2O体系以及SiO 2-B 2O 3体系中的一种或多种。
其中，所述发热层由所述不锈钢、所述无机非金属材料、所述玻璃相以及所述非不锈钢金属组成，所述不锈钢占所述发热层的重量百分比为75-85％，所述无机非金属材料占所述发热层的重量百分比为0.5-3％，所述玻璃相占所述发热层的重量百分比为11.5-21.5％，所述非不锈钢金属占所述发热层的重量百分比为0.5-3％。
其中，所述不锈钢为316L不锈钢、304不锈钢以及430不锈钢中的一种或多种，所述无机非金属为SiO 2、Al 2O 3、ZrO 2以及SiC中的一种或多种，所述非不锈钢金属为Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg中的一种或多种，所述玻璃相为SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系、SiO 2-CaO-ZnO体系、SiO 2-ZnO-R 2O体系以及SiO 2-B 2O 3体系中的一种或多种。
其中，所述发热层的厚度为100-120μm。
其中，所述发热层的电阻为0.6-0.8Ω。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供的第二个技术方案为：提供一种电子雾化装置，包括：发热组件，所述发热组件为上述任意一项所述的发热组件。
本申请的有益效果：区别于现有技术，本申请中的发热组件包括陶瓷基体和发热层，发热层包括不锈钢和无机非金属；发热层用于加热待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR温敏特性，无机非金属用于调节发热层的TCR值。通过使用不锈钢制成发热层，使发热组件具有耐高温、高温稳定性高、抗高温氧化及溶液腐蚀能力强等特点；在不锈钢中添加无机非金属材料，实现对发热层的温控，进而避免雾化过程中出现杂气和焦味，且保证香味的一致性，有利于提高用户的使用体验感。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本申请提供的电子雾化装置的结构示意图；
图2是本申请提供的发热组件的结构示意图；
图3是本申请提供的发热组件的发热层的微观形貌的扫描电镜照片；
图4是本申请提供的发热组件的制作方法流程示意图；
图5是本申请提供的实验七中发热组件的电阻与温度的关系图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本申请作进一步的详细描述。特别指出的是，以下实施例仅用于说明本申请，但不对本申请的范围进行限定。同样的，以下实施例仅为本申请的部分实施例而非全部实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。本申请实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。本申请实施例中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或组件。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
请参阅图1，是本申请提供的电子雾化装置的结构示意图。
电子雾化装置可用于等液态基质的雾化。电子雾化装置包括相互连接的雾化器1和电源组件2。
雾化器1包括发热组件11和储液器12；储液器12用于存储待雾化基质；发热组件11用于将储液器中的待雾化基质加热雾化，以形成可供用户吸食的气溶胶。该雾化器1具体可用于雾化待雾化基质并产生气溶胶，以用于不同的领域，比如，医疗、电子气溶胶化装置等；在一具体实施例中，该雾化器1可用于电子气溶胶化装置，用于雾化待雾化基质并产生气溶胶，以供抽吸者抽吸，以下实施例均以此为例；当然，在其他实施例中，该雾化器1也可应用于喷发胶设备，以雾化用于头发定型的喷发胶；或者应用于治疗上下呼吸系统疾病的医用设备，以雾化医用药品。
电源组件2包括电池21、控制器22和气流传感器23；电池21用于为雾化器1供电，以使得雾化器1能够雾化液态基质形成气溶胶；控制器22用于控制雾化器1工作；气流传感器23用于检测电子雾化装置中气流变化以启动电子雾化装置。
雾化器1与电源组件2可以是一体设置，也可以是可拆卸连接，根据具体需要进行设计。
请参阅图2，是本申请提供的发热组件的结构示意图。
发热组件11包括陶瓷基体13和发热层14。陶瓷基体13为多孔陶瓷，陶瓷基体13接触到来自储液器12中的待雾化基质，利用毛细作用力将其导引至发热层14，发热层14对其进行加热雾化形成气溶胶。发热层14包括不锈钢和无机非金属，发热层14用于加热雾化待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR(电阻温度系数)温敏特性，无机非金属用于调节发热层14的TCR值。也就是说，本实施例中的发热层14由不锈钢材料制成，使发热层14具有TCR温敏特性，并使得发热组件11具备现有的陶瓷雾化芯的耐高温、高温稳定性高、抗高温氧化及溶液腐蚀能力强等特点；进一步在发热层14中添加无机非金属材料，实现对发热层14具有TCR(电阻温度系数)值的调节，可以实现对发热层14的温度感测和控制，进而避免雾化过程中出现杂气和焦味，且提高了发热组件11的热流密度和温度场均匀性，提升香味的一致性，有利于提高用户的使 用体验感。
其中，不锈钢包括316L不锈钢、304不锈钢以及430不锈钢中的一种或多种，也可以为其他牌号的不锈钢。加热雾化烟油的最高温度最好控制在350度以下，但一般的不锈钢发热膜电阻温度系数(TCR值)过高，发热膜的温度容易超过350度；本申请通过添加无机非金属材料可以解决这一问题。无机非金属材料包括SiO 2、Al 2O 3、ZrO 2以及SiC中的一种或多种，也可以为其他的无机非金属材料。通过在发热层14中添加少量的无机非金属材料来调节发热层14的电阻、电阻温度系数及抗腐蚀等性能。发热层14中的不锈钢和无机非金属材料可以根据需要进行选择，能够实现发热组件11能够温控即可。例如，发热层14由不锈钢和无机非金属组成，且无机非金属占发热层14总重量的百分比为1％。
进一步，发热层14还包括非不锈钢金属，非不锈钢金属包括Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg中的一种或多种。通过在发热层14中添加少量的Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg等金属，使得发热层14的致密性及均匀性好，有利于提高发热层14的抗腐蚀性能、耐高温强度及其使用寿命，且有利于增强发热层14与陶瓷基体13的结合力，从而大大提高了发热层14在电子雾化装置在工作环境中的电化学稳定性。例如，发热层14由不锈钢、非不锈钢金属和无机非金属材料组成，且无机非金属占发热层14总重量的百分比为1％，非不锈钢金属占发热层14总重量的百分比为0.5％。
目前常规的发热组件中的发热层多为在多孔陶瓷基体上印刷铁镍铬或铁铬铝系列的发热层。然而，使用此类合金发热层的电子雾化装置，待雾化基质及气溶胶成分中可能会被检测到重金属离子(如，镍、铬)。可以理解的是，本申请通过在发热层14中添加少量的Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg等金属，提高了发热层14在电子雾化装置在工作环境中的电化学稳定性，从而大大降低了待雾化基质及气溶胶中重金属的含量，可以解决现有的发热组件对使用者造成的安全隐患的痛点问题。
本申请中，发热层14由电阻浆料烘干制得。电阻浆料包括不锈钢粉、非不锈钢金属、无机非金属、玻璃相及有机载体，有机载体包括树脂和溶剂。电阻浆料烘干过程中，有机载体持续挥发，因此，发热层14 包括不锈钢粉、非不锈钢金属、无机非金属、玻璃相。发热层14与电子浆料的不同之处在于其是否含有有机载体。通过在发热层14中添加玻璃相，增强不锈钢与陶瓷基体13的匹配性，提高不锈钢发热层14的烧结稳定性，解决了不锈钢发热层14的烧结问题。
其中，不锈钢粉占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为60％-76.5％，玻璃相占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为9.2％-17.2％，无机非金属占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为0.4-2.7％，非不锈钢金属占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为0.4-2.7％，有机载体占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为10％-20％。
玻璃相为SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系，该玻璃相体系可以更好的与陶瓷基体13进行匹配，防止电阻浆料在高温烧结过程中产生应力而破坏陶瓷基体13或使发热层14产生微裂纹；玻璃相体系不限于SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系，其他体系SiO 2-CaO-ZnO、SiO 2-ZnO-R 2O、SiO 2-B 2O 3等均可实现，具体可根据陶瓷基体13及电阻浆料的烧结工艺进行选择。
有机载体包括树脂和溶剂。树脂包括乙基纤维素，溶剂包括松油醇和丁基卡必醇醋酸酯体系，松油醇和丁基卡必醇醋酸酯均为乙基纤维素的良溶剂，松油醇和丁基卡必醇醋酸酯搭配使用可以调控电阻浆料的挥发性和流平性，同时松油醇和丁基卡必醇醋酸酯可以调节有机载体的粘度，适当的粘度可以充分润湿金属和无机非金属材料，改善电阻浆料的印刷性。其中，乙基纤维素占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为3％-8％，松油醇占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为50％-70％，丁基卡必醇醋酸酯占有机载体总重量的质量百分比为27％-42％。其他实施方式中，树脂还可以是醋酸丁酸纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、聚乙烯缩丁醛等；溶剂还可以是丁基卡必醇、二乙二醇二丁醚、三乙二醇丁醚、醇酯十二、柠檬酸三丁酯、三丙二醇丁醚等；树脂和溶剂的具体材料组成可以根据需要进行选择。
将电阻浆料烘干制得的发热层14中不锈钢占发热层14总重量的重量百分比为75％-85％，玻璃相占发热层14总重量的重量百分比为11.5％-21.5％，无机非金属占发热层14总重量的重量百分比为0.5％-3％，非不锈钢金属占发热层14总重量的重量百分比为0.5-3％。
请参阅图3，是本申请提供的发热组件的发热层的微观形貌的扫描电镜照片。
本申请中，电阻浆料采用的网版规格为200目、80μm纱厚、100μm乳剂厚度及线宽0.5mm进行印刷，烘干，烧结后，得到发热层14，其微观形貌如图3所示；发热层14的厚度为100μm-200μm，电阻为0.6Ω-0.8Ω。在其他实施方式中，也可以采用喷涂、物理气相沉积工艺(PVD)、化学气相沉积工艺(CVD)等方式，也可以多种工艺搭配使用制备发热层14，具体工艺可以根据需要进行选择。
请参阅图4，是本申请提供的发热组件的制作方法流程示意图。
发热组件11的制作方法包括：
S01：获取陶瓷基体。
具体地，准备好陶瓷粉料，通过丝网印刷、烧结等工艺制成陶瓷基体13。
S02：在陶瓷基体表面形成发热层。
具体地，将用于形成发热层14的原材料制成电阻浆料；将电阻浆料通过丝网印刷在多孔陶瓷基体13的表面；将陶瓷基体13和电阻浆料在1000-1250℃进行烘干烧结以在陶瓷基体13表面形成发热层14。
在一实施方式中，电阻浆料中不锈钢粉占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为75％，玻璃相占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为12％，无机非金属占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为1％，非不锈钢金属占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为0.5％，有机载体占电阻浆料总重量的重量百分比为11.5％；有机载体中树脂占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为5％，溶剂占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为95％；制成的发热层14的厚度为100μm，电阻值为0.6Ω。
其中，不锈钢粉采用361L不锈钢粉；玻璃相采用SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系；无机非金属采用SiO 2；非不锈钢金属采用Mo、Mg；有机载体中的树脂采用乙基纤维素，溶剂采用松油醇和丁基卡必醇醋酸酯体系。乙基纤维素占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为5％，松油醇占有机载体总重量的重量百分比为60％，丁基卡必醇醋酸酯占有机载体总重量的质量百分比为35％。
可以理解的是，发热组件11的发热层14上需设置引脚以与电池21电连接，引脚上涂覆银浆，以防止引脚被待雾化基质或雾化好的气溶胶腐蚀，起到保护作用；也可以选用其他金属涂层来保护引脚，根据需要进行选择。
将本申请提供的发热组件11与现有的发热组件一号进行比较，通过实验证明其性能的优劣。其中，进行实验的本申请提供的发热组件11由不锈钢、非不锈钢金属、玻璃相和无机非金属组成；不锈钢采用361L不锈钢粉，玻璃相采用SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系，无机非金属采用SiC，非不锈钢金属采用Mo、Mg；不锈钢占发热层的重量百分比为75％，无机非金属材料占发热层的重量百分比为1％，玻璃相占发热层的重量百分比为12％，非不锈钢金属占发热层的重量百分比为0.5％。现有的发热组件一号中的发热层主要成分为镍铬(T29)，镍铬含量85.6％，玻璃相含量14.4％。为了方便统计，将本申请提供的发热组件11记为发热组件二号。
实验一：干烧循环寿命测试。
实验条件：恒功率6.5W、接通3S断开8S、循环50次。
将本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号在上述实验条件下进行测试，判断电阻变化及其是否失效。为了保证实验结果的准确性，对本申请中的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号分别进行三次平行实验；实验结果如表1所示。
表1 316L不锈钢发热层干烧寿命测试
Figure PCTCN2021074920-appb-000001
实验二：湿烧循环寿命测试。
实验条件：恒功率6.5W、接通3S断开8S、循环400次。
将本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号在上述实验条 件下进行测试，判断电阻变化及其是否失效。为了保证实验结果的准确性，对本申请中的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号分别进行三次平行实验；实验结果如表2所示。
表2 316L不锈钢发热层湿烧寿命测试
Figure PCTCN2021074920-appb-000002
实验三：4％乙酸中金属溶出测试。
实验条件：在4％乙酸中浸泡。
将本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号在上述实验条件下进行测试，比较金属溶出量，实验结果如表3所示。
表3 4％乙酸浸泡结果
发热组件 浸出Ni量(g/ml) 浸出Cr量(g/ml)
一号 16.2 1.1
二号 0.093 0.033
实验四：芒果57mg烟油中金属溶出测试。
实验条件：在芒果57mg烟油中浸泡。
将本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号在上述实验条件下进行测试，比较金属溶出量，实验结果如表4所示。
表4 芒果57mg烟油浸泡结果
发热组件 浸出Ni量(g/ml) 浸出Cr量(g/ml)
一号 3.0 1.0
二号 0.08 0.03
实验五：烟气中重金属含量。
实验条件：芒果57mg烟油、恒功率6.5W、抽3S停8S、抽吸100口。
将本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号在上述实验条件下进行测试，比较烟气中重金属含量，实验结果如表5所示。
表5 烟气中重金属含量
发热组件 烟气中含Ni量(g/100puffs) 烟气中含Cr量(g/100puffs)
一号 2.542 0.138
二号 未检测出 未检测出
实验六：膜基结合力。
对本申请提供的发热组件11中发热层14与陶瓷基体13的结合力和现有的发热组件一号中发热层与陶瓷基体的结合力进行测试，比较膜基结合力大小，实验结果如表6所示。
表6 膜基结合力测试结果
发热组件 推力值/gf
一号 1700
二号 2100
实验七：电阻温度系数测试。
对本申请提供的发热组件11和现有的发热组件一号和现有的发热组件三号中发热层与陶瓷基体的电阻温度系数(TCR)进行测试。其中，发热组件三号的发热层的主要成分为不锈钢。发热组件二号和发热组件三号的电阻与温度的关系如图5所示(请参阅图5，是本申请提供的实验七中发热组件的电阻与温度的关系图)，计算结果如表7所示。
表7 电阻温度系数(TCR)
发热组件 TCR(ppm/℃)
一号 无
二号 726
三号 1067
通过表1和表2的实验结果可知，本申请提供的的发热组件11(发热组件二号)的使用寿命高于现有的发热组件一号。通过表3、表4和表5的实验结果可知，本申请提供的发热组件11(发热组件二号)的金属离子溶出比现有的发热组件一号降低了两个数量级，且在烟气中无法检出重金属；本申请的发热组件11能够显著降低发热层14材料对使用者造成的安全隐患。通过表6的实验结果可知，本申请提供的发热组件11(发热组件二号)的膜基结合力要高于现有的发热组件一号，表明其物理抗震性能更为优异。通过表7的实验结果可知，本申请提供的发热组件11(发热组件二号)较现有的发热组件一号具有TCR性能，能够实现对其发热层14的温控，从而减少杂气及焦味；此外，通过添加无机非金属，可有效改变发热层14的TCR值；延长了发热组件11的使用寿命；提高了发热层14的热流密度和温度场均匀性；提升口感一致性及消费者体验感。
本申请中的发热组件包括陶瓷基体和发热层，发热层包括不锈钢和无机非金属材料；发热层用于加热待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR温敏特性，无机非金属用于调节发热层的TCR值。通过使用不锈钢制成发热层，使发热组件具有耐高温、高温稳定性高、抗高温氧化及溶液腐蚀能力强等特点；在不锈钢中添加无机非金属材料，实现对发热层的温控，进而避免雾化过程中出现杂气和焦味，且保证香味的一致性，有利于提高用户的使用体验感。
以上所述仅为本申请的部分实施例，并非因此限制本申请的保护范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效装置或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发热组件，用于电子雾化装置，其中，包括：
    陶瓷基体；
    发热层，包括不锈钢和无机非金属；所述发热层用于加热待雾化基质形成气溶胶且具有TCR温敏特性，所述无机非金属用于调节所述发热层的TCR值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发热组件，其中，所述不锈钢包括316L不锈钢、304不锈钢以及430不锈钢中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发热组件，其中，所述无机非金属包括SiO 2、Al 2O 3、ZrO 2以及SiC中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发热组件，其中，进一步包括非不锈钢金属，所述非不锈钢金属包括Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发热组件，其中，进一步包括玻璃相，所述玻璃相包括SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系、SiO 2-CaO-ZnO体系、SiO 2-ZnO-R 2O体系以及SiO 2-B 2O 3体系中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发热组件，其中，所述发热层由所述不锈钢、所述无机非金属材料、所述玻璃相以及所述非不锈钢金属组成，所述不锈钢占所述发热层的重量百分比为75-85％，所述无机非金属材料占所述发热层的重量百分比为0.5-3％，所述玻璃相占所述发热层的重量百分比为11.5-21.5％，所述非不锈钢金属占所述发热层的重量百分比为0.5-3％。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发热组件，其中，所述不锈钢为316L不锈钢、304不锈钢以及430不锈钢中的一种或多种，所述无机非金属为SiO 2、Al 2O 3、ZrO 2以及SiC中的一种或多种，所述非不锈钢金属为Mo、Ti、Zr、Mg中的一种或多种，所述玻璃相为SiO 2-ZnO-BaO体系、SiO 2-CaO-ZnO体系、SiO 2-ZnO-R 2O体系以及SiO 2-B 2O 3体系中的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发热组件，其中，所述发热层的厚度为 100-120μm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的发热组件，其中，所述发热层的电阻为0.6-0.8Ω。
  10. 一种电子雾化装置，其中，包括发热组件，所述发热组件为权利要求1-9任意一项所述的发热组件。
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