WO2022160671A1 - 中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料及其制备方法、二次电池 - Google Patents
中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料及其制备方法、二次电池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022160671A1 WO2022160671A1 PCT/CN2021/113147 CN2021113147W WO2022160671A1 WO 2022160671 A1 WO2022160671 A1 WO 2022160671A1 CN 2021113147 W CN2021113147 W CN 2021113147W WO 2022160671 A1 WO2022160671 A1 WO 2022160671A1
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- antimony
- negative electrode
- hollow core
- carbon composite
- electrode material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the application belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and in particular relates to a hollow core-shell type antimony carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery.
- antimony in anode materials still relies on the exploration of low-cost antimony-based anode materials preparation methods.
- the volume expansion of antimony reaches 390%, which is easy to cause pulverization and shedding of electrode materials, which leads to the rapid decay of battery capacity.
- the preparation method of the present application adopts low cost of raw materials, is easy to obtain, and is simple to operate, does not rely on expensive equipment, and is suitable for industrialized large-scale production and application.
- the prepared hollow core-shell type antimony carbon composite material wherein the carbon-coated shell layer can improve the electrical conductivity of the composite material; the internal reserved space forms the hollow core-shell structural characteristics, and the space is reserved to accommodate the antimony active component during charging and discharging.
- the material does not show significant volume change as a whole, avoiding the pulverization of the electrode material due to repeated volume expansion and contraction during the repeated charge and discharge process, thereby greatly improving the cycle life of the material.
- the hollow core-shell antimony-carbon composite negative electrode material prepared in the present application not only achieves a very high utilization rate of antimony components, making the composite material high specific capacity, but also significantly prolongs the cycle life of the negative electrode.
- Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope image of the rod-shaped antimony oxide prepared in Example 1 of the present application;
- Example 4 is a transmission electron microscope image of the hollow core-shell antimony-carbon composite negative electrode material prepared in Example 2 of the present application;
- the term "and/or”, which describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B can indicate that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone Happening. where A and B can be singular or plural.
- the character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.
- At least one means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
- At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
- at least one (one) of a, b, or c or “at least one (one) of a, b, and c” can mean: a, b, c, a-b (that is, a and b), a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple, respectively.
- the weight of the relevant components mentioned in the description of the embodiment of the present invention can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also can represent the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. It is within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention that the content of the ingredients is scaled up or down.
- the mass in the description of the embodiment of the present invention may be a mass unit known in the chemical field, such as ⁇ g, mg, g, kg, etc.
- the preparation methods provided in the examples of the present application adopt low cost of raw materials, are easy to obtain, and are simple to operate, do not rely on expensive equipment, and are suitable for industrialized large-scale production and application.
- the carbon-coated shell layer can improve the electrical conductivity of the composite material; the reserved space inside the hollow core-shell has the structural characteristics, and a space is reserved to accommodate the antimony activity.
- the volume expansion of the components during the charging and discharging process prevents the material from showing significant volume changes as a whole, avoiding the pulverization of the electrode material due to repeated volume expansion and contraction during the repeated charging and discharging process, thereby greatly improving the cycle of the material. life.
- the hollow core-shell antimony-carbon composite negative electrode materials prepared in the examples of the present application not only achieve a very high utilization rate of antimony components, making the composite material high specific capacity, but also significantly prolong the cycle life of the negative electrode.
- the polymerizable monomer is selected from at least one of pyrrole and aniline. Both of these two polymerizable monomers are soluble in water and can be oxidatively polymerized. The antimonide contact is more uniform and uniform, and a uniform polymer coating layer is formed on the surface of the oxo antimonide through oxidative catalytic polymerization.
- the oxidizing agent is selected from at least one of ammonium sulfate and ferric chloride. These catalysts can promote the polymerization of polymerizable monomers such as pyrrole and aniline on the surface of the oxyantimonide to form a uniform polymer coating layer , thereby obtaining polymer-coated antimony oxides.
- the mass ratio of the oxidant to the polymerizable monomer is (1 ⁇ 3): 1. Under this ratio, the oxidant can sufficiently promote the polymerization of the polymerizable monomer in the solution system. A polymer coating of uniform thickness is formed on the surface of the compound. If the oxidant content is too small, the polymerization will be insufficient; if the oxidant content is too large, impurities will be introduced into the system, which will affect the product purity. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of oxidant to polymerizable monomer is 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, etc.
- the mass ratio of the antimony oxide compound to the polymerizable monomer is (90 ⁇ 96):(4 ⁇ 10).
- the mass ratio of the antimony oxide compound to the polymerizable monomer is preferably (90 to 96): (4 to 10).
- the mass ratio of antimonide oxide to polymerizable monomer is 90:10, 91:9, 93:7, 96:4, and the like.
- the concentration of the polymerizable monomer is 50-60 g/L (at normal temperature), and the polymerizable monomer solution of this concentration makes the antimony oxide group
- the contact between the surface of the compound and the polymerizable monomer is more balanced and uniform, which is conducive to the subsequent polymerization of the polymerizable monomer to form a uniform and stable polymer coating layer. If the polymerizable monomer concentration is too dilute or too high, the resulting polymer coating on the surface of the antimonide oxide will not be uniform.
- the step of obtaining an oxo antimonide compound includes: fully mixing elemental antimony powder with an aqueous solution of a catalyst, catalyzing the oxidation of crude elemental antimony powder by the catalyst to generate antimony oxide, and separating to obtain antimony oxide.
- the oxidation reaction may be carried out at room temperature.
- the antimony oxide generated by catalytic oxidation is in the form of fibers or rods, and may also be in other forms. Since the coating of the antimony oxide in the examples of the present application is carried out by a solution method, the polymer and the surface of the antimony oxide are in equal contact in the solution system. Therefore, the irregularity of the shape of the antimony oxide will not affect the polymer Cover evenly.
- the mass ratio of the elemental antimony powder to the catalyst is (3-5): (60-70), and the ratio can fully catalyze the oxidation of the elemental antimony powder.
- 4 g of elemental antimony powder is subjected to catalytic oxidation reaction with 70 ml of ethylenediamine.
- the elemental antimony powder in order to further regulate the shape of the generated antimony oxide, can be mixed with an aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and a catalyst and subjected to an oxidation reaction, wherein the polyvinylpyrrolidone plays a structural guiding role and promotes the formation of a rod-like structure. , thereby obtaining rod-shaped antimony oxide.
- the hollow core-shell type antimony carbon composite negative electrode material in the embodiment of the present application can be prepared by the above method.
- a hollow core-shell type antimony carbon composite negative electrode material the preparation of which comprises the steps:
- the rod-shaped antimony oxide (2 g) prepared in the previous step was dispersed in deionized water (200 mL) to obtain a milky white suspension, followed by the addition of an appropriate proportion of pyrrole (0.2 g, 10% by mass of antimony oxide).
- Sufficient ammonium persulfate solution (about 10 mL of a 0.5 mol/L solution) was slowly added with vigorous stirring.
- the milky white suspension gradually turned gray or even black due to the polymerization of pyrrole on the surface of antimony oxide into a black polymer.
- the hydrophobicity of polypyrrole caused the black suspension to settle rapidly.
- the supernatant was poured out, and the black precipitate at the bottom was filtered, washed and dried to obtain rod-shaped polypyrrole-coated antimony oxide.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:获取氧族锑化物,将所述氧族锑化物与可聚合单体分散在水中,添加氧化剂进行聚合反应,得到聚合物包覆的氧族锑化物;对所述聚合物包覆的氧族锑化物进行热还原处理,得到中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料。
- 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧族锑化物选自:氧化锑和/或硫化锑;和/或,所述可聚合单体选自:吡咯、苯胺中的至少一种;和/或,所述氧化剂选自:硫酸铵、三氯化铁中的至少一种。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧族锑化物与所述可聚合单体的质量比为(90~96):(4~10);和/或,所述氧化剂与所述可聚合单体的质量比为(1~3):1;和/或,将所述氧族锑化物与可聚合单体分散在水中后,所述可聚合单体的浓度为50~60g/L;和/或,所述中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料的大小为0.5~20微米。
- 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述热还原处理的条件包括:在温度为400~500℃的混合氢气氛围下,对所述聚合物包覆的氧族锑化物热还原6~20小时;和/或,所述获取氧族锑化物的步骤包括:将单质锑粉与催化剂的水溶液混合并进行氧化处理,分离得到氧化锑。
- 如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合氢气氛围中,氢气与惰性气氛的体积比为(5~10):(90~95);所述惰性气氛选自:氮气、氩气、氦气中的至少一种。
- 如权利要求4或5任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂选自乙二胺;和/或,所述单质锑粉的粒径大于30目;和/或,所述单质锑粉与所述催化剂的质量比为(3~5):(60~70)。
- 一种中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料,其特征在于,所述中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料包括:碳壳层和生长在所述碳壳层内的锑单质,且所述锑单质未填满所述碳壳层。
- 如权利要求7所述的中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料,其特征在于,所述中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料中,所述锑单质的质量百分含量为90%~96%;和/或,所述中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料的大小为0.5~20微米。
- 一种二次电池,其特征在于,所述二次电池的负极包含有如权利要求1~6任一所述方法制备的中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料,或者包含有如权利要求7~8任一所述的中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料。
- 如权利要求9所述的二次电池,其特征在于,所述二次电池的正极为纳金属。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110124229.6 | 2021-01-29 | ||
| CN202110124229.6A CN112886014A (zh) | 2021-01-29 | 2021-01-29 | 中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料及其制备方法、二次电池 |
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| WO2022160671A1 true WO2022160671A1 (zh) | 2022-08-04 |
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| WO (1) | WO2022160671A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115377396A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 江苏智纬电子科技有限公司 | 一种核売结构的钠离子电池负极材料及其制备方法 |
| WO2025050459A1 (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2025-03-13 | 埃登达新能源电池材料科技(广州)有限公司 | 一种含锑负极活性材料及其制备方法、锂离子电池 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886014A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-01 | 南方科技大学 | 中空核壳型锑碳复合负极材料及其制备方法、二次电池 |
| CN113517427B (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-10-14 | 暨南大学 | 一种碳包覆锑/三硫化二锑复合材料的制备方法及应用 |
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| CN109326768B (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-04-13 | 深圳大学 | 一种钠离子电池负极及制备方法与钠离子电池 |
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2021
- 2021-01-29 CN CN202110124229.6A patent/CN112886014A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-18 WO PCT/CN2021/113147 patent/WO2022160671A1/zh not_active Ceased
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115377396A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 江苏智纬电子科技有限公司 | 一种核売结构的钠离子电池负极材料及其制备方法 |
| WO2025050459A1 (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2025-03-13 | 埃登达新能源电池材料科技(广州)有限公司 | 一种含锑负极活性材料及其制备方法、锂离子电池 |
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