WO2022160273A1 - 电化学装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

电化学装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160273A1
WO2022160273A1 PCT/CN2021/074465 CN2021074465W WO2022160273A1 WO 2022160273 A1 WO2022160273 A1 WO 2022160273A1 CN 2021074465 W CN2021074465 W CN 2021074465W WO 2022160273 A1 WO2022160273 A1 WO 2022160273A1
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Prior art keywords
area
electrode assembly
insulating tape
bonding
electrochemical device
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PCT/CN2021/074465
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈腾腾
马聪
邓道林
陈文�
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/074465 priority Critical patent/WO2022160273A1/zh
Priority to CN202180003657.1A priority patent/CN114270621B/zh
Publication of WO2022160273A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160273A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/595—Tapes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, and in particular, to an electrochemical device and an electronic device.
  • a battery of an electronic device generally includes a case and an electrode assembly inside the case, and the case protects the electrode assembly.
  • the housing and the electrode assembly can be bonded by insulating tape.
  • the insulating tape may tear the electrode assembly, resulting in an internal short circuit of the electrode assembly.
  • the top seal may be broken. and other risks, affecting the safety of electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device and electronic equipment, which can improve the connection reliability between the electrode assembly and the casing, reduce the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly, improve the drop resistance, and improve the electrical Energy density of chemical devices.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides an electrochemical device, the electrochemical device comprising: a casing, an electrode assembly and an insulating tape; at least part of the electrode assembly is located in the casing; the insulating tape is located between the casing and the electrode assembly, and insulating
  • the tape includes a first surface bonded with the electrode assembly and a second surface bonded with the casing; the first surface includes a first bonding area, and the second surface includes a second bonding area; wherein, the first bonding area
  • the area A and the area B of the second bonding area satisfy: 0.08 ⁇ B/A ⁇ 0.95, and the bonding strength of the second bonding area is P2, and the first bonding area includes the first area with the bonding strength P1, 0.2 ⁇ P2 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P2.
  • the first bonding area has a first outer edge
  • the second bonding area has a second outer edge; the orthographic projection of the second outer edge on the first surface is located in the first area.
  • the distance between the orthographic projection of the second outer edge on the first surface and the first outer edge is a, and the width of the first surface is W2, where 0.05 ⁇ W2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ W2 .
  • the first bonding area further includes a second area with a bonding strength of P3, 0.2 ⁇ P3 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P3.
  • the orthographic projection of the second bonding area on the first surface covers the second area.
  • the first region has a first inner edge, and the distance between the first inner edge and the first outer edge is b, where 0.2 ⁇ b ⁇ a ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ b. In another possible design, 0.3 ⁇ b ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ b.
  • the second region has a third outer edge that coincides with the first inner edge.
  • the orthographic projection of the geometric center of the second bonding area on the first surface coincides with the geometric center of the first bonding area.
  • the ratios of the distances extending from the geometric centers of the first bonding area and the second bonding area to the first outer edge and the distance extending to the second outer edge respectively in the same direction are the same.
  • the electrode assembly has a third surface bonded with the insulating tape, the length of the third surface is L1, and the width of the third surface is W1; along the width direction of the electrochemical device, the first bonding area is It has a first axis, the third surface has a second axis, and the distance between the orthographic projection of the first axis on the third surface and the second axis is D, where D ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ L1.
  • the first bonding area has a third axis
  • the third surface has a fourth axis
  • the third axis is between the orthographic projection of the third surface and the fourth axis
  • the distance is E, E ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ W1.
  • the length of the first bonding area is L2, and the width of the first bonding area is W2; wherein, 0.4 ⁇ L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ L1, 0.4 ⁇ W1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ W1.
  • the first bonding area covers the orthographic projection of the second bonding area on the third surface.
  • the insulating tape includes a first glue material, a base material and a second glue material which are stacked in sequence, the first glue material is bonded to the electrode assembly, and the second glue material is bonded to the casing.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the electrochemical device described above.
  • the external force can be transmitted from the casing to the second bonding area of the insulating tape, and from the second bonding area to the second bonding area.
  • a bonding area is transferred from the first bonding area to the electrode assembly. Since the area of the first bonding area is larger than that of the second bonding area, the unit area between the first bonding area and the electrode assembly can be reduced.
  • the peeling force received thereby reduces the risk of tearing the electrode assembly by the insulating tape under the action of external force, improves the connection reliability between the electrode assembly and the insulating tape, and further improves the safety of the electrode assembly.
  • the volume and weight of the insulating tape are also reduced, thereby reducing Helps improve the energy density of electrochemical devices.
  • the first bonding area includes a first area whose bonding strength is lower than that of the second bonding area, that is, the bonding reliability between the first area and the electrode assembly is higher than that of the second bonding area. Bonding reliability with the case is low.
  • the first region with the smaller bonding strength P1 can be disengaged from the electrode assembly when the electrochemical device is dropped.
  • Adhesion so as to absorb the energy transferred to the electrode assembly during the drop process, thereby reducing the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly by the insulating tape during the drop process, preventing short circuit inside the electrode assembly, and further improving the service life and reliability of the electrochemical device .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a casing, an electrode assembly, and an insulating tape in a first embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of insulating tape in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the casing, the electrode assembly, and the insulating tape in the second embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 4 is the top view of insulating tape in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the insulating tape in the third embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the casing, the electrode assembly, and the insulating tape in the fourth embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the casing, the electrode assembly, and the insulating tape in the fifth embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the casing, the electrode assembly, and the insulating tape in the sixth embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the casing, the electrode assembly, and the insulating tape in the seventh embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of an electrochemical device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrochemical device includes a casing 1 and an electrode assembly 2 .
  • the casing 1 has a accommodating cavity, and at least part of the electrode assembly 2 is located in the accommodating cavity. , the casing 1 is used to protect the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the electrode assembly 2 may include a first pole piece, a second pole piece and a separator. In the first pole piece and the second pole piece, one is the positive pole and the other is the negative pole.
  • the separator is used to separate the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the separator can be supported by a thermoplastic resin, such as polyethylene. Or polypropylene, the separator is used to insulate the first and second pole pieces.
  • the electrochemical device further includes an insulating tape 3 , the insulating tape 3 is located between the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2 , and the insulating tape 3 includes an adhesive tape 3 attached to the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the body 1 is connected to prevent the electrode assembly 2 from moving in the accommodating cavity of the casing 1 during the working process of the electrochemical device, and the insulating tape 3 can also prevent the electrode assembly 2 from being short-circuited with the casing 1, so that the electrochemical device can operate normally. Work.
  • the insulating tape 3 can also prevent the electrode assembly 2 from being short-circuited with the casing 1, so that the electrochemical device can operate normally. Work.
  • the insulating tape 3 will tear the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the area of the first bonding area 31 is larger than that of the second bonding area 32 , that is, the area of the surface of the insulating tape 3 that is bonded to the casing 1 is smaller than that of the electrode
  • the area of the surface to which component 2 is bonded Specifically, the area A of the first bonding area 31 and the area B of the second bonding area 32 satisfy: 0.08 ⁇ B/A ⁇ 0.95, for example, B/A may be 0.15, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.8 etc.
  • the casing 1 of the electrochemical device When the casing 1 of the electrochemical device is subjected to an external force (for example, the casing 1 is subjected to an external force during the drop test), the external force can be transmitted from the casing 1 to the second bonding area 32 of the insulating tape 3, and the second adhesive
  • the contact area 32 is transferred to the first bonding area 31 and from the first bonding area 31 to the electrode assembly 2. Since the area of the first bonding area 31 is larger than that of the second bonding area 32, the first bonding area 31 can be reduced.
  • the peeling force per unit area between the bonding area 31 and the electrode assembly 2 reduces the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3, improves the connection reliability between the electrode assembly 2 and the insulating tape 3, and further The safety of the electrode assembly 2 is improved.
  • the area of the second bonding area 32 of the insulating tape 3 connected to the housing 1 is small, on the premise of ensuring the reliability of the connection between the insulating tape 3 and the housing 1, the Small in size and weight, thereby helping to increase the energy density of electrochemical devices.
  • B/A is too large (for example, greater than 0.95)
  • the weight and volume are too large, reducing the energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the bonding strength of the second bonding region 32 is P2
  • the first bonding region 31 includes a first region 311 with bonding strength P1, where P1 ⁇ P2.
  • P1 may be 0.3 ⁇ P2, 0.5 ⁇ P2, 0.6 ⁇ P2, 0.8 ⁇ P2, 0.9 ⁇ P2, and so on.
  • the bonding strength P1 of the first region 311 and the bonding strength P2 of the second bonding region 32 are similar.
  • the bonding between the region 311 and the electrode assembly 2 cannot be broken, so that the tensile force transmitted by the insulating tape 3 to the electrode assembly 2 cannot be effectively absorbed, resulting in a higher risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3;
  • P1 and P2 When the ratio is too small, compared with the bonding strength P2 of the second bonding area 32, the bonding strength of the first area 311 is too small, so that the first area 311 and the electrode can be caused to be caused by a small external force.
  • connection between the components 2 is broken, which affects the service life and reliability of the electrochemical device. Therefore, when 0.2 ⁇ P2 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P2, the bonding strength P1 of the first region 311 and the bonding strength P2 of the second bonding region 32 are moderate, which can improve the connection between the insulating tape 3 and the casing 1 It is reliable and can reduce the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3 .
  • the bonding strength of the insulating tape 3 is related to factors such as the quality and size of the electrochemical device, and it is necessary to satisfy the requirement that the electrochemical device does not move relatively between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 during the drop process, and the insulating tape 3 3 will not tear the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2.
  • the bond strength P2 of the second bond region 32 is in the range of 2 MPa to 20 MPa.
  • the first bonding area 31 has a first outer edge 315
  • the second bonding area 32 has a second outer edge 321
  • the second outer edge 321 is on the first surface
  • the orthographic projection is located within the first region 311 .
  • the external force transmitted from the edge of the second bonding area 32 can be completely transmitted to the first area 311 through the insulating tape 3 , when the external force is too large, the bonding between the first region 311 and the electrode assembly 2 can be disconnected, thereby reducing the risk of the insulating tape 3 tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 under the action of external force, and reducing the short circuit of the electrode assembly 2. risk.
  • the distance between the orthographic projection of the second outer edge 321 on the first surface and the first outer edge 315 is a, and the width of the first bonding area 31 is W2, wherein, 0.05 ⁇ W2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ W2. That is, the orthographic projection of the second outer edge 321 on the first surface is misaligned with the first outer edge 315 .
  • the above-mentioned dislocation may exist on one side of the four sides of the insulating tape 3 (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ), or the above-mentioned dislocation may exist on the opposite sides (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 ), or four sides may exist. All of the above-mentioned dislocations exist (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the insulating tape 3 has a high connection with the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2 reliability, and can improve the energy density of electrochemical devices.
  • group 1 has the structure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, which exists on one side of the width direction of the insulating tape 3
  • group 2 has the structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the above-mentioned dislocation exists on both sides of the width direction of the insulating tape 3
  • the group 3 and the group 4 have the structure shown in FIG.
  • the above-mentioned dislocations exist all around; the shape and size of the first bonding area 31 and the second bonding area 32 of the base group are the same.
  • the area A of the first bonding area and the area B of the second bonding area of the present application satisfy the following requirements: 0.08 ⁇ B/A ⁇ 0.95, 0.2 ⁇ P2 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P2 insulating tape After 3, the electrochemical device has a high pass rate in the drop test, and when 0.05 ⁇ W2 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.35 ⁇ W2, 0.4 ⁇ P2 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P2, the pass rate is higher ( ⁇ 90% ).
  • the first bonding area 31 includes a first area 311 and a second area 312, and the bonding strength of the first area 311 is P1, and the second area 312 The bond strength is P3, where P1 ⁇ P3.
  • the external force can be transmitted from the casing 1 to the second bonding area 32 of the insulating tape 3, and the second adhesive
  • the bonding area 32 is transferred to the first bonding area 31, and is transferred from the first bonding area 31 to the electrode assembly 2. Since the first bonding area 31 has the first area 311 and the second area 312, the bonding strength P3 is relatively high.
  • the large second area 312 can improve the connection reliability between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2, thereby reducing the risk of the top seal breaking due to the movement of the electrode assembly 2 when the electrochemical device is dropped, and improving the service life of the electrochemical device.
  • the first region 311 with the smaller bonding strength P1 can release the adhesion with the electrode assembly 2 when the electrochemical device is dropped, so as to absorb the energy transmitted to the electrode assembly 2 during the drop process, thereby reducing the drop
  • the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3 during the process prevents a short circuit inside the electrode assembly 2 and further improves the service life and reliability of the electrochemical device.
  • 0.2 ⁇ P3 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P3, and P1 may specifically be 0.5 ⁇ P3, 0.6 ⁇ P3, 0.8 ⁇ P3, 0.9 ⁇ P3, and the like.
  • the bonding strength P3 of the second region 312 is too small compared with the bonding strength P1 of the first region 311 , resulting in the bonding between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the bonding reliability between them is low, which causes the electrode assembly 2 to move within the casing 1 . Therefore, when 0.2 ⁇ P3 ⁇ P1 ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ P3, the bonding strength P1 of the first region 311 and the bonding strength P3 of the second region 312 are moderate, which can improve the connection reliability between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 , and can reduce the risk of tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3 .
  • the bonding strength of the insulating tape 3 is related to factors such as the quality and size of the electrochemical device, and it is necessary to satisfy the requirement that the electrochemical device does not move relatively between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 during the drop process, and the insulating tape 3 3 will not tear the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2.
  • the bond strength P3 of the second region 312 ranges from 2 MPa to 20 MPa.
  • the bonding strength P2 of the second bonding area 32 and the bonding strength P3 of the second bonding area 312 in the first bonding area 31 may be the same or different, and neither There is a strict size relationship, as long as both are greater than the bonding strength P1 of the first region 311 .
  • the orthographic projection of the second bonding area 32 on the first surface covers the second area 312 , as shown in FIGS. 6-9 .
  • the distance between the orthographic projection of the second outer edge 321 on the first surface and the first outer edge 315 is a
  • the first region 311 has a first inner edge 311a
  • the distance between the first inner edge 311a and the first outer edge 315 is b
  • 0.2 ⁇ b ⁇ a ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ b a may specifically be 0.3 ⁇ b, 0.4 ⁇ b, 0.5 ⁇ b, 0.6 ⁇ b, 0.7 ⁇ b, and the like.
  • the ratio between a and b is too small, the distance between the first outer edge 315 and the second outer edge 321 is too small, thus causing the first bonding area 31 of the insulating tape 3 to stick to the second
  • the area difference between the contact areas 32 is small, so that the volume and weight of the insulating tape 3 cannot be effectively reduced, and the energy density of the electrochemical device can be reduced.
  • the ratio between a and b is too large, the external force acting on the edge of the second bonding area 32 cannot be well transmitted to the first area 311 of the first bonding area 31 , thus causing the electrochemical device to be subjected to external force.
  • the bonding between the first region 311 and the electrode assembly 2 cannot be broken, so that the external force cannot be effectively absorbed, resulting in the insulating tape 3 tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the distance between the first outer edge 315 and the first inner edge 311a is moderate, which can prevent the insulating tape 3 from tearing the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2 and improve the performance of the electrochemical device. Energy Density.
  • the group 5 and the group 6 have the structure shown in FIG.
  • the number of repetitions of the lithium-ion battery at each position is set to 20 times, and the pass rate is required to be no less than 80% (that is, at least 16 lithium-ion batteries do not fail when dropped) to be qualified, and the drop condition is six sides and four corners.
  • the length L1 of the electrode assembly 2 of the selected rectangular lithium ion battery is 87 mm, the width W1 is 64 mm, the length L2 of the first bonding area 31 is 60 mm, and the width W2 is 42 mm.
  • the electrochemical device has a high pass rate in the drop test. rate, and when 0.3 ⁇ b ⁇ a ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ b, the pass rate is higher ( ⁇ 90%).
  • the orthographic projection of the second bonding area 32 on the first surface 31 at least covers the second area 312, as shown in FIGS. 6-9; the second bonding area 32 has a second outer edge 321, and the second area 312 has a second outer edge 321. There are three outer edges 312a, and the orthographic projection of the second outer edge 321 on the first surface surrounds the third outer edge 312a.
  • the casing 1 of the electrochemical device when the casing 1 of the electrochemical device is subjected to an external force (for example, the casing 1 is subjected to an external force during the drop test), since the orthographic projection of the second bonding area 32 on the first surface at least covers the second area 312, therefore, the external force of the second bonding area 32 can be transmitted to the second area 312, and the bonding strength of the second area 312 is relatively large.
  • the risk of bond breaking is low, and the external force at the edge of the second bonding area 32 can also be transmitted to the first area 311.
  • the bonding between a region 311 and the electrode assembly 2 can be broken, so as to absorb the energy of external force and reduce the risk of tearing the electrode assembly 2 by the insulating tape 3 .
  • the width of the first bonding area 31 is W2
  • the first inner edge 311 a of the first area 311 is connected to the first outer edge 311 a of the first bonding area 31 .
  • the distance between the edges 315 is b, 0.1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.45 ⁇ W2.
  • b may specifically be 0.15 ⁇ W2, 0.2 ⁇ W2, 0.3 ⁇ W2, 0.4 ⁇ W2, or the like.
  • the ratio between b and W2 is too small, it means that the size of the first region 311 with smaller bonding strength in the first bonding region 31 is too small, and the size of the second region 312 with higher bonding strength is too small.
  • the size is too large, so that under the action of external force, the area where the connection between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 is disconnected is small, resulting in the inability to effectively absorb the external force, which in turn causes the insulating tape 3 to tear the aluminum foil of the electrode assembly 2; b;
  • the ratio between W2 and W2 is too large, it means that the size of the first region 311 with smaller bonding strength in the first bonding region 31 is too large, and the size of the second region 312 with higher bonding strength is too small, so that the As a result, the reliability of the connection between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 is reduced, and under the action of an external force, the electrode assembly 2 is caused to move relative to the casing 1, thereby reducing the reliability of the electro
  • the group 7 had the structure shown in FIG. 6, and the above-mentioned dislocations existed around the insulating tape 3;
  • the number of repeated experiments of the battery in each position is 20 times, and the pass rate is required to be no less than 80% (that is, at least 16 lithium-ion batteries do not fail when dropped) to be qualified, and the drop condition is six sides and four corners.
  • the length L1 of the electrode assembly 2 of the selected rectangular lithium ion battery is 87 mm
  • the width W1 is 64 mm
  • the length L2 of the first bonding area 31 is 60 mm
  • the width W2 is 42 mm.
  • the strength P1 was 2.4 MPa
  • the bonding strength P2 of the second bonding area was 8 MPa
  • the bonding strength P3 of the second area was 8 MPa.
  • the orthographic projection of the geometric center of the second bonding area 32 on the first surface coincides with the geometric center of the first bonding area 31 , and the geometric center of the second bonding area 31
  • the ratio of the distance extending to the first outer edge 315 and the distance extending to the second outer edge 321 in the same direction as the geometric center of the second bonding area 32 is the same.
  • the insulating tape 3 is bonded to the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2 . Afterwards, the force of the first bonding area 31 and the second bonding area 32 is relatively uniform, which improves the structural strength of the insulating tape 3 .
  • the second The orthographic projection of the bonding area 32 on the first surface is located in the middle of the first bonding area 31 , so that the uniformity of the force transmitted from the second bonding area 32 to the first bonding area 31 can be further improved, and the insulating tape 3 the structural strength and the adhesive strength between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2.
  • the length of the third surface 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is L1, and along the width direction of the electrochemical device, the first bonding area 31 has a first axis 313, and the third surface 21 has a first axis 313.
  • the distance between the two axes 211 and the orthographic projection of the first axis 313 on the third surface 21 and the second axis 211 is D, where D ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ L1.
  • D can be 0.05L1, 0.06L1, etc.
  • the first axis 313 and the second axis 211 are both axes extending along the width direction of the electrochemical device, and in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the first bonding area 31 is relative to the first The axis 313 is symmetrical, and the third surface 21 is symmetrical with respect to the second axis 211 .
  • the width of the third surface 21 of the electrode assembly 2 is W1
  • the first bonding area 31 of the insulating tape 3 has a third axis 314
  • the third surface 21 has a fourth axis 212 , wherein the third axis 314 and the fourth axis 212 are both axes extending along the length direction of the electrochemical device, and in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the first adhesive along the width direction of the electrochemical device, the first adhesive
  • the zone 31 is symmetrical with respect to the third axis 314 and the third surface 21 is symmetrical with respect to the fourth axis 212 .
  • the distance between the orthographic projection of the third axis 314 on the bonding surface 21 and the fourth axis 212 is E, where E ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ W1.
  • E can be 0.05W1, 0.06W1, etc.
  • the weight of the electrode assembly 2 is not uniform everywhere, and the connection reliability between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 is affected by the gravity of the electrode assembly 2. Therefore, when the weight of the electrode assembly 2 is not uniform , the influence of the gravity of the electrode assembly 2 on the connection reliability between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2 can be reduced by changing the position of the insulating tape 3 on the bonding surface 21 .
  • the electrode assembly 2 has a third surface 21 bonded to the insulating tape 3 .
  • the length of the third surface 21 is L1 and the width is W1; the insulating tape 3 is used for
  • the length of the first surface 31 bonded with the electrode assembly 2 is L2 and the width is W2; wherein, 0.4 ⁇ L1 ⁇ L2 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ L1, 0.4 ⁇ W1 ⁇ W2 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ W1.
  • L2 can be 0.4 ⁇ L1, 0.5 ⁇ L1, 0.7 ⁇ L1, 0.8 ⁇ L1, etc.
  • W2 can be 0.4 ⁇ W1, 0.6 ⁇ W1, 0.7 ⁇ W1, 0.8 ⁇ W1, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 2 has a third surface 21 that is bonded to the insulating tape 3 , that is, the third surface 21 of the electrode assembly 2 and the first bonding surface of the insulating tape 3
  • the bonding area 31 is bonded, wherein the first bonding area 31 covers the orthographic projection of the second bonding area 32 on the third surface 21 .
  • the external force transmitted from the second bonding area 32 can be completely transferred to the first bonding area through the insulating tape 3 .
  • the bonding area 31 is transmitted to the third surface 21 of the electrode assembly 2, reducing the risk of the insulating tape 3 breaking under the action of external force, improving the structural strength and service life of the insulating tape 3, thereby improving the relationship between the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2.
  • the reliability of the connection between the electrodes reduces the risk of short circuit of the electrode assembly 2 .
  • the insulating tape 3 may be a split structure.
  • the adhesive material 33 and the second adhesive material 34 for bonding with the housing 1 and the first adhesive area 31 is located on the first adhesive material 33 , and the second adhesive area 32 is located on the second adhesive material 34 .
  • the first glue material 33 and the second glue material 34 are both double-sided adhesive tapes, so that one surface of the first glue material 33 and the second glue material 34 is bonded, and the other surface is used for bonding with the electrode assemblies 2 and 34 respectively.
  • the casing 1 is glued.
  • the insulating tape 3 of the split structure has the advantages of simple structure and convenient processing, and can facilitate the realization that the first bonding area 31 and the second bonding area 32 of the insulating tape 3 have different bonding strengths.
  • the insulating tape 3 includes a first glue material 33 , a base material 35 and a second glue material 34 that are stacked in sequence, wherein the base material 35 is located on the first Between and connecting an adhesive material 33 and a second adhesive material 34 , the first adhesive material 33 is used for bonding with the electrode assembly 2 , that is, the first adhesive area 31 is disposed on the first adhesive material 33 , the second adhesive material 34 is used for bonding with the casing 1 , that is, the second adhesive area 32 is disposed on the second adhesive material 34 .
  • the area of the first glue material 33 is larger than that of the second glue material 34
  • the size of the base material 35 is the same as the area of the first glue material 33 with a larger area
  • the first glue material 33 has the same area.
  • the first glue material 33 and the base material 35 may be bonded, and the second glue material 34 and the base material 35 may also be bonded.
  • the base material 35 of the insulating tape 3 can support the first adhesive material 33 and the second adhesive material 34 , thereby improving the structural strength of the insulating tape 3 , thereby reducing the insulating tape 3 under the action of external force.
  • the risk of damage is improved, and the reliability of the connection between the casing 1 and the electrode assembly 2 is improved.
  • the insulating tape 3 of the split structure has the advantages of simple structure and convenient processing, and can facilitate the realization that the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 of the insulating tape 3 have different bonding strengths.
  • the first adhesive material 33 can also be a split structure, that is
  • the first glue material 33 may include at least two glue material monomers, and the bonding strengths of the two glue material monomers are P1 and P3 respectively, so that the bonding strengths of the first region 311 and the second region 312 are respectively P1 and P3.
  • the external force acting on the insulating tape 3 can be prevented from being transmitted between the first area 311 and the second area 312, thereby reducing the transmission to the second area 312.
  • the external force of the second region 312 leads to the risk of disconnection of the bonding between the second region 312 and the electrode assembly 2, which improves the connection reliability between the insulating tape 3 and the electrode assembly 2, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the electrochemical device .
  • the first region 311 and the second region 312 are located in different adhesive materials, it is also convenient to realize that the two have different bonding strengths, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the insulating tape 3 .
  • the shapes of the first bonding area 31 and the second bonding area 32 are selected from the group consisting of square, rectangle, trapezoid, octagon, circle, and ellipse. any of the.
  • the electrochemical devices in the embodiments of the present application can be used in various fields, and as long as the devices that can be powered by the electrochemical devices can be used, the electrochemical devices in the embodiments of the present application can be used.
  • the electrochemical device can be used in components such as electrochemical device packages and electronic devices for electric vehicles, and the electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablet computers, desktop computers, laptop computers, handheld computers, notebook computers, and super mobile personal computers.
  • UMPC ultra-mobile personal computer
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • augmented reality augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • wearable equipment wearable equipment
  • in-vehicle equipment smart home equipment and/or smart city equipment
  • power tools energy storage devices
  • electric tricycles electric vehicles, etc.
  • the specific types of the electronic devices are not specified in the embodiments of the present application. Special restrictions.
  • the electronic device may include components such as a casing, a screen, a circuit board, and an electrochemical device, wherein the screen, the circuit board, and the electrochemical device are all mounted on the casing, and the electrochemical device is described in any of the above embodiments.
  • Electrochemical device may include components such as a casing, a screen, a circuit board, and an electrochemical device, wherein the screen, the circuit board, and the electrochemical device are all mounted on the casing, and the electrochemical device is described in any of the above embodiments. Electrochemical device.

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Abstract

本申请涉及电化学装置及电子设备，电化学装置包括：壳体、电极组件和绝缘胶带，电极组件至少部分位于壳体内；绝缘胶带位于壳体与电极组件之间，且绝缘胶带包括与电极组件粘接的第一表面和与壳体粘接的第二表面；第一表面的面积大于第二表面的面积，第二表面的粘结强度为P2，第一表面包括粘结强度为P1的第一区域，P1＜P2。由于第一表面的面积大于第二表面的面积，减小第一表面与电极组件所受到的压强，在保证绝缘胶带与壳体之间连接可靠性的前提下，使得该绝缘胶带的体积和重量较小，提高电化学装置的能量密度。当P1＜P2时，降低跌落过程中绝缘胶带将电极组件的铝箔撕裂的风险，防止电极组件内部发生短路，提高电化学装置的使用寿命和可靠性。

Description

电化学装置及电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电化学装置及电子设备。
背景技术
随着电子设备的发展，要求电子设备的电池具有更大的容量，以满足电子设备的续航要求。电子设备的电池通常包括壳体和位于壳体内部的电极组件，该壳体对电极组件起到保护作用。其中，该壳体和电极组件可以通过绝缘胶带粘接，电子设备跌落时，可能导致绝缘胶带将电极组件撕裂，从而出现电极组件内部短路，当绝缘胶带粘接不良时，可能出现顶封冲破等风险，影响电子设备的安全性。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电化学装置及电子设备，该电化学装置能够提高电极组件与壳体之间的连接可靠性，降低电极组件的铝箔被撕裂的风险，提升抗跌落能力，并提高电化学装置的能量密度。
本申请第一方面提供了一种电化学装置，该电化学装置包括：壳体、电极组件和绝缘胶带；电极组件的至少部分位于壳体内；绝缘胶带位于壳体与电极组件之间，且绝缘胶带包括与电极组件粘接的第一表面和与壳体粘接的第二表面；第一表面包括第一粘接区，第二表面包括第二粘接区；其中，第一粘接区的面积A与第二粘接区的面积B满足：0.08≤B/A≤0.95，且第二粘接区的粘结强度为P2，第一粘接区包括粘结强度为P1的第一区域，0.2×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2。
在另一种可能的设计中，0.4×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2。
在一种可能的设计中，第一粘接区具有第一外边缘，第二粘接区具有第二外边缘；第二外边缘在第一表面的正投影位于第一区域内。
在一种可能的设计中，第二外边缘在第一表面的正投影与第一外边缘之间的距离为a，第一表面的宽度为W2，其中，0.05×W2≤a≤0.4×W2。在另一种可能的设计中，0.05×W2≤a≤0.35×W2。
在一种可能的设计中，第一粘接区还包括粘结强度为P3的第二区域，0.2×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3。在另一种可能的设计中，0.3×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3。
在一种可能的设计中，第二粘接区在第一表面的正投影覆盖第二区域。
在一种可能的设计中，第一区域具有第一内边缘，第一内边缘与第一外边缘之间的距离为b，其中，0.2×b≤a≤0.8×b。在另一种可能的设计中，0.3×b≤a≤0.7×b。
在一种可能的设计中，0.1×W2≤b≤0.45×W2。在另一种可能的设计中，0.1×W2≤b≤0.4×W2。
在一种可能的设计中，第二区域具有第三外边缘，第三外边缘与第一内边缘重合。
在一种可能的设计中，第二粘接区的几何中心在第一表面的正投影与第一粘接区的几何中心重合。
在一种可能的设计中，从第一粘接区和第二粘接区的几何中心沿相同方向分别延伸至第一外边缘的距离与延伸至第二外边缘的距离的比值相同。
在一种可能的设计中，电极组件具有与绝缘胶带粘接的第三表面，第三表面的长度为L1，第三表面的宽度为W1；沿电化学装置的宽度方向，第一粘接区具有第一轴线，第三表面具有第二轴线，第一轴线在第三表面的正投影与第二轴线之间的距离为D，D≤0.1×L1。
在一种可能的设计中，沿电化学装置的长度方向，第一粘接区具有第三轴线，第三表面具有第四轴线，第三轴线在第三表面的正投影与第四轴线之间的距离为E，E≤0.1×W1。
在一种可能的设计中，第一粘接区的长度为L2，第一粘接区的宽度为W2；其中，0.4×L1≤L2≤0.8×L1，0.4×W1≤W2≤0.8×W1。
在一种可能的设计中，第一粘接区覆盖第二粘接区在第三表面上的正投影。
在一种可能的设计中，绝缘胶带包括依次层叠设置的第一胶材、基材和第二胶材，第一胶材与电极组件粘接，第二胶材与壳体粘接。
本申请第二方面提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括以上所述的电化学装置。
当该电化学装置的壳体受外力(例如在跌落测试过程中壳体受外力)时，该外力能够从壳体传递至绝缘胶带的第二粘接区，从第二粘接区传递到第一粘接区，并从第一粘接区传递至电极组件，由于第一粘接区的面积大于第二粘接区的面积，从而能够减小第一粘接区与电极组件之间单位面积所受到的剥离力，进而降低在外力作用下绝缘胶带将电极组件撕裂的风险，提高电极组件与绝缘胶带之间的连接可靠性，进而提高电极组件的安全性。同时，当该绝缘胶带的与壳体连接的第二表面的面积较小时，在保证绝缘胶带与壳体之间连接可靠性的前提下，还使得该绝缘胶带的体积和重量较小，从而有助于提高电化学装置的能量密度。
同时，当P1＜P2时，该第一粘接区包括粘结强度小于第二粘接区的第一区域，即该第一区域与电极组件之间的粘接可靠性比第二粘接区与壳体之间的粘接可靠性低。当该电化学装置的壳体受外力(例如在跌落测试过程中壳体受外力)时，该粘结强度P1较小的第一区域在电化学装置跌落时能够脱开与电极组件之间的粘连，从而能够吸收跌落过程中传递到电极组件的能量，进而降低跌落过程中绝缘胶带将电极组件的铝箔撕裂的风险，防止电极组件内部发生短路，进一步提高电化学装置的使用寿命和可靠性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图2为图1中绝缘胶带的俯视图；
图3为本申请第二实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图4为图3中绝缘胶带的俯视图；
图5为本申请第三实施例中的绝缘胶带的俯视图；
图6为本申请第四实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图7为本申请第五实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图8为本申请第六实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图9为本申请第七实施例中的壳体、电极组件、绝缘胶带的连接结构示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例所提供电化学装置的侧视图；
图11为本申请另一实施例所提供电化学装置的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1-壳体；
2-电极组件；
21-第三表面；
211-第二轴线；
212-第四轴线；
3-绝缘胶带；
31-第一粘接区；
311-第一区域；
311a-第一内边缘；
312-第二区域；
312a-第三外边缘；
313-第一轴线；
314-第三轴线；
315-第一外边缘；
316-间隙；
32-第二粘接区；
321-第二外边缘；
33-第一胶材；
34-第二胶材；
35-基材。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非 旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
本申请实施例提供一种电化学装置，如图1～9所示，该电化学装置包括壳体1和电极组件2，壳体1具有容纳腔，电极组件2的至少部分位于该容纳腔内，该壳体1用于保护电极组件2。其中，电极组件2可以包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜。第一极片与第二极片中，一者为正极，另一者为负极，隔离膜用于隔开第一极片和第二极片该，隔离膜可以通过热塑性树脂支撑，例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯，该隔离膜用于使第一极片和第二极片绝缘。
该电化学装置在跌落测试时，容易发生顶封冲破、电极组件2的铝箔撕裂等风险，从而导致电极组件2发生短路，导致电化学装置损坏。为了解决该技术问题，如图1～9所示，该电化学装置还包括绝缘胶带3，该绝缘胶带3位于壳体1与电极组件2之间，且该绝缘胶带3包括与电极组件2粘接的第一表面和与壳体1粘接的第二表面，第一表面包括第一粘接区31，第二表面包括第二粘接区32，即该电极组件2通过绝缘胶带3与壳体1连接，从而防止电化学装置工作过程中电极组件2在壳体1的容纳腔内发生窜动，且该绝缘胶带3还能够防止电极组件2与壳体1短路，使得电化学装置能够正常工作。同时，在跌落测试过程中，在外力的作用下，还存在绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔扯破的风险。
本实施例中，如图1～9所示，第一粘接区31的面积大于第二粘接区32的面积，即该绝缘胶带3的与壳体1粘接的表面的面积小于与电极组件2粘接的表面的面积。具体地，所述第一粘接区31的面积A与第二粘接区32的面积B满足：0.08≤B/A≤0.95，例如，B/A具体可以为0.15、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.8等。
当该电化学装置的壳体1受外力(例如在跌落测试过程中壳体1受外力)时，该外力能够从壳体1传递至绝缘胶带3的第二粘接区32，从第二粘接区32传递到第一粘接区31，并从第一粘接区31传递至电极组件2，由于第一粘接区31的面积大于第二粘接区32的面积，从而能够减小第一粘接区31与电极组件2之间单位面积所受到的剥离力，降低绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔扯破的风险，提高电极组件2与绝缘胶带3之间的连接可靠性，进而提高电极组件2的安全性。同时，当该绝缘胶带3的与壳体1连接的第二粘接区32的面积较小时，在保证绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间连接可靠性的前提下，还使得该绝缘胶带3的体积和重量较小，从而有助于提高电化学装置的能量密度。
本实施例中，当B/A过大(例如大于0.95)时，表示第一粘接区31的面积A与第二粘接区32的面积B较接近，导致无法有效减小第一粘接区31的边缘处与电极组件2之间单位面积所受到的剥离力，从而导致绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔扯破的风险较高，降低电极组件2的安全性；并且导致绝缘胶带3的重量和体积过大，降低电化学装置的能量密度。当B/A过小(例如小于0.08)时，即第二粘接区32的面积B过小，导致绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间单位面积所受到的剥离力较大，连接可靠性降低。
同时，第二粘接区32的粘结强度为P2，第一粘接区31包括粘结强度为P1的第一区域311，其中，P1＜P2。
具体地，0.2×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2，例如，P1具体可以为0.3×P2、0.5×P2、0.6×P2、0.8×P2、0.9×P2等。
本实施例中，P1与P2之间的比值过大时，第一区域311的粘结强度P1与第二粘接区32的粘结强度P2相近，在电化学装置跌落过程中，该第一区域311 与电极组件2之间的粘接无法断开，从而无法有效吸收绝缘胶带3传递到电极组件2的拉力，导致绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂的风险较高；P1与P2之间的比值过小时，与第二粘接区32的粘结强度P2相比，第一区域311的粘结强度过小，导致在较小的外力作用下即可导致第一区域311与电极组件2之间的连接断开，影响电化学装置的使用寿命和可靠性。因此，当0.2×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2时，第一区域311的粘结强度P1与第二粘接区32的粘结强度P2适中，能够提高绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间的连接可靠性，并能够降低绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕破的风险。
其中，该绝缘胶带3的粘结强度与电化学装置的质量和尺寸等因素有关，需要满足电化学装置在跌落过程中绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间不会发生相对窜动，且绝缘胶带3也不会撕裂电极组件2的铝箔。通常，第二粘接区32的粘结强度P2的范围为2MPa至20MPa。
具体地，如图1～9所示，该第一粘接区31具有第一外边缘315，第二粘接区32具有第二外边缘321，且该第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影位于第一区域311内。
本实施例中，当第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影位于第一区域311内时，使得从第二粘接区32边缘传递的外力能够完全经绝缘胶带3传递到第一区域311，当外力过大时，第一区域311与电极组件2之间的粘接能够断开，从而降低绝缘胶带3在外力作用下将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂的风险，降低电极组件2短路的风险。
更具体地，如图1-5所示，第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影与第一外边缘315之间的距离为a，第一粘接区31的宽度为W2，其中，0.05×W2≤a≤0.4×W2。即第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影与第一外边缘315错位。其中，绝缘胶带3的四侧中可一侧存在上述错位(如图1和图2所示)，亦可相对的两侧存在上述错位(如图3和图4所示)，亦可四侧均存在上述错位(如图5示)。
本实施例中，当a过大时，表示第二粘接区32的面积B与第一粘接区31的面积A之间的差值过大，即相较于第一粘接区31，第二粘接区32的面积B过小，即该绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间粘接面的面积过小，导致作用于绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间单位面积的剥离力过大，从而导致绝缘胶带3与壳体1之间的连接可靠性过小；当a过小时，表示第二粘接区32的面积B与第一粘接区31的面积A之间的差值过小，即第一粘接区31超出第二粘接区32边缘的面积过小，导致从第二粘接区32的边缘传递至第一粘接区边缘的应力作用面积过小，即绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31的边缘与电极组件2之间单位面积的剥离力过大，从而导致绝缘胶带3易扯破电极组件2的铝箔，同时，还导致该绝缘胶带3的体积过大，降低电化学装置的能量密度。因此，当0.05×W2≤a≤0.4×W2时，第一粘接区31与第二粘接区32的面积适中，从而使得绝缘胶带3与壳体1和电极组件2均具有较高的连接可靠性，并能够提高电化学装置的能量密度。
以最大投影面为矩形的锂离子电池为例进行跌落试验，进行跌落通过率的对比，其中，组1具有图1和图2所示的结构，其在绝缘胶带3的宽度方向的一侧存在上述错位；组2具有图3和图4所示的结构，其在绝缘胶带3的宽度方向的两侧存在上述错位；组3和组4具有图5所示的结构，其在绝缘胶带3的四周均存在上述错位；base组的第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32的形状和尺寸均相同。设置锂离子电池在每个位置的重复实验次数为20次，要求通过率不小于80％(即至少16个锂离子电池跌落时不失效)为合格，跌落工况：组1为单个侧面跌落，组2为相对的两个侧面跌落，组3-4和base组为六面四角。其中所选择的矩形锂离子电池的电极组件2的长度L1为87mm、宽度W1为64mm，第一粘接区31的长度L2为60mm、宽度W2为42mm；组1-4中绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31仅具有第一区域311。试验结果如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000002
根据上表的试验结果可知：设置本申请第一粘接区的面积A与第二粘接区的面积B满足：0.08≤B/A≤0.95、0.2×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2的绝缘胶带3后，使得电化学装置在跌落测试时均具有较高的通过率，且当0.05×W2≤a≤0.35×W2、0.4×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2时，通过率更高(≥90％)。
在一种具体实施例中，如图6～9所示，该第一粘接区31包括第一区域311和第二区域312，且第一区域311的粘结强度为P1，第二区域312的粘结强度为P3，其中，P1＜P3。
当该电化学装置的壳体1受外力(例如在跌落测试过程中壳体1受外力)时，该外力能够从壳体1传递至绝缘胶带3的第二粘接区32，从第二粘接区32传递到第一粘接区31，并从第一粘接区31传递至电极组件2，由于第一粘接区31具有第一区域311和第二区域312，该粘结强度P3较大的第二区域312能够提高绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性，从而降低电化学装置跌落时电极组件2发生窜动导致顶封冲破的风险，提高电化学装置的使用寿命和可靠性；该粘结强度P1较小的第一区域311在电化学装置跌落时能够脱开与电极组件2之间的粘连，从而能够吸收跌落过程中传递到电极组件2的能量，进而降低跌落过程中绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂的风险，防止电极组件2内部发生短路，进一步提高电化学装置的使用寿命和可靠性。
具体地，0.2×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3，P1具体可以为0.5×P3、0.6×P3、0.8×P3、0.9×P3等。
本实施例中，P1与P3之间的比值过大时，与第一区域311的粘结强度P1相比，第二区域312的粘结强度P3过小，导致绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的粘接可靠性较低，从而导致电极组件2在壳体1内发生窜动。因此，当0.2×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3时，第一区域311的粘结强度P1和第二区域312的粘结强度P3适中，能够提高绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性，并能够降低绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕破的风险。
其中，该绝缘胶带3的粘结强度与电化学装置的质量和尺寸等因素有关，需要满足电化学装置在跌落过程中绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间不会发生相对窜动，且绝缘胶带3也不会撕裂电极组件2的铝箔。通常，第二区域312的粘结强度P3的范围为2MPa至20MPa。
需要说明的是，该绝缘胶带3中，上述第二粘接区32的粘结强度P2与第 一粘接区31中第二区域312的粘结强度P3可以相同也可以不同，二者也没有严格的大小关系，只要二者均大于第一区域311的粘结强度P1即可。
在一种具体实施例中，第二粘接区32在第一表面的正投影覆盖第二区域312，如图6～9所示。
在一种具体实施例中，如图6～9所示，第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影与第一外边缘315之间的距离为a，第一区域311具有第一内边缘311a，第一内边缘311a与第一外边缘315之间的距离为b，其中，0.2×b≤a≤0.8×b。例如，a具体可以为0.3×b、0.4×b、0.5×b、0.6×b、0.7×b等。
本实施例中，a与b之间的比值过小时，第一外边缘315与第二外边缘321之间的距离过小，从而导致该绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31与第二粘接区32之间的面积差较小，从而无法有效减小该绝缘胶带3的体积和重量，降低电化学装置的能量密度。a与b之间的比值过大时，作用于第二粘接区32边缘处的外力无法很好地传递到第一粘接区31的第一区域311，进而导致该电化学装置受外力时第一区域311与电极组件2之间的粘接无法断开，从而无法有效吸收外力，导致绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂。当0.2×b≤a≤0.8×b时，第一外边缘315与第一内边缘311a之间的距离适中，能够在防止绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂的同时提高电化学装置的能量密度。
以最大投影面为矩形的锂离子电池为例进行跌落试验，进行跌落通过率的对比，其中，组5和组6具有图6所示的结构，其在绝缘胶带3的四周均存在上述错位；设置锂离子电池在每个位置的重复实验次数为20次，要求通过率不小于80％(即至少16个锂离子电池跌落时不失效)为合格，跌落工况为六面四角。其中所选择的矩形锂离子电池的电极组件2的长度L1为87mm、宽度W1为64mm，第一粘接区31的长度L2为60mm、宽度W2为42mm。试验结果如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000004
根据上表的试验结果可知：设置本申请0.2×b≤a≤0.8×b、0.2×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3的绝缘胶带3后，使得电化学装置在跌落测试时均具有较高的通过率，且当0.3×b≤a≤0.7×b时，通过率更高(≥90％)。
对于第二粘接区32在第一表面31的正投影至少覆盖第二区域312，如图6～9所示；该第二粘接区32具有第二外边缘321，第二区域312具有第三外边缘312a，且第二外边缘321在第一表面的正投影包围第三外边缘312a。
本实施例中，当该电化学装置的壳体1受外力(例如在跌落测试过程中壳体1受外力)时，由于第二粘接区32在第一表面的正投影至少覆盖第二区域312，因此，第二粘接区32的外力能够传递到第二区域312，且该第二区域312的粘结强度较大，在该外力作用下，第二区域312与电极组件2之间的粘接断开的风险较低，且该第二粘接区32边缘处的外力还能够传递到第一区域311，由于该第一区域311的粘结强度较小，在该外力作用下，第一区域311与电极组件2之间的粘接能够断开，从而吸收外力的能量，降低绝缘胶带3撕裂电极组件2的风险。
在一种具体实施例中，如图6～9所示，该第一粘接区31的宽度为W2，且第一区域311的第一内边缘311a与第一粘接区31的第一外边缘315之间的距离为b，0.1×W2≤b≤0.45×W2。例如，b具体可以为0.15×W2、0.2×W2、0.3×W2、0.4×W2等。
本实施例中，b与W2之间的比值过小时，表示在第一粘接区31中粘结强度较小的第一区域311的尺寸过小，粘结强度较大的第二区域312的尺寸过大，从而导致在外力作用下，该绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的连接断开的区域较小，导致无法有效吸收外力，进而导致绝缘胶带3撕裂电极组件2的铝箔；b与W2之间的比值过大时，表示在第一粘接区31中粘结强度较小的第一区域311的尺寸过大，粘结强度较大的第二区域312的尺寸过小，从而导致该绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性下降，在外力作用下，导致电极组件2相对于壳体1窜动，降低电化学装置的可靠性。当0.1×W2≤b≤0.45×W2时，第一区域311和第二区域312的尺寸适中，能够在防止电极组件2窜动的同时防止绝缘胶带3将电极组件2的铝箔撕裂。
以最大投影面为矩形的锂离子电池为例进行跌落试验，进行跌落通过率的对比，其中，组7具有图6所示的结构，其在绝缘胶带3的四周均存在上述错位；设置锂离子电池在每个位置的重复实验次数为20次，要求通过率不小于80％(即至少16个锂离子电池跌落时不失效)为合格，跌落工况为六面四角。其中所选择的矩形锂离子电池的电极组件2的长度L1为87mm、宽度W1为64mm，第一粘接区31的长度L2为60mm、宽度W2为42mm，绝缘胶带3中第一区域的粘结强度P1为2.4MPa，第二粘接区的粘接强度P2为8MPa，第二区域的粘结强度P3为8MPa。试验结果如下表所示：
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021074465-appb-000006
根据上表的试验结果可知：设置本申请0.1×W2≤b≤0.45×W2的绝缘胶带3后，使得电化学装置在跌落测试时均具有较高的通过率，且当0.1×W2≤b≤0.4×W2时，通过率更高(≥90％)。
以上各实施例中，如图1～9所示，第二粘接区32的几何中心在第一表面的正投影与第一粘接区31的几何中心重合，且从第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32的几何中心沿相同方向分别延伸至所述第一外边缘315的距离与延伸至第二外边缘321的距离的比值相同。
本实施例中，由于第二粘接区32的几何中心在第一表面的正投影与第一粘接区31的几何中心重合，从而使得该绝缘胶带3与壳体1和电极组件2粘接后，第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32的受力较均匀，提高绝缘胶带3的结构强度。同时，由于从第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32的几何中心沿相同方向分别延伸至第一外边缘315的距离与延伸至第二外边缘321的距离的比值相同，则第二粘接区32在第一表面的正投影位于第一粘接区31的中部，从而能够进一步提高从第二粘接区32传递到第一粘接区31的力的均匀性，提高绝缘胶带3的结构强度以及绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的粘接强度。
具体地，如图10所示，该电极组件2的第三表面21的长度为L1，且沿电化学装置的宽度方向，第一粘接区31具有第一轴线313，第三表面21具有第二轴线211，第一轴线313在第三表面21的正投影与第二轴线211之间的距离为D，其中，D≤0.1×L1。例如，D可以为0.05L1、0.06L1等。该第一轴线313和第二轴线211均为沿电化学装置的宽度方向延伸的轴线，且在如图10所示的实施例中，沿长度方向，第一粘接区31相对于该第一轴线313对称，且第三表面 21相对于该第二轴线211对称。另外，该电极组件2的第三表面21的宽度为W1，沿电化学装置的长度方向，该绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31具有第三轴线314，第三表面21具有第四轴线212，其中，该第三轴线314和第四轴线212均为沿电化学装置的长度方向延伸的轴线，且在如图10所示的实施例中，沿电化学装置的宽度方向，第一粘接区31相对于该第三轴线314对称，且第三表面21相对于该第四轴线212对称。本实施例中，该第三轴线314在粘接表面21的正投影与第四轴线212之间的距离为E，其中，E≤0.1×W1。例如，E可以为0.05W1、0.06W1等。
本实施例中，该电极组件2在各处的重量并不均匀，而绝缘胶带3与电极组件2的连接可靠性受到电极组件2的重力的影响，因此，当电极组件2的重量不均匀时，能够通过改变绝缘胶带3在粘接表面21的位置来降低电极组件2的重力对绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间连接可靠性的影响。
以上各实施例中，如图10所示，该电极组件2具有与绝缘胶带3粘接的第三表面21，该第三表面21的长度为L1，宽度为W1；上述绝缘胶带3的用于与电极组件2粘接的第一表面31的长度为L2，宽度为W2；其中，0.4×L1≤L2≤0.8×L1，0.4×W1≤W2≤0.8×W1。例如，L2具体可以为0.4×L1、0.5×L1、0.7×L1、0.8×L1等，W2具体可以为0.4×W1、0.6×W1、0.7×W1、0.8×W1等。
在一种具体实施例中，如图1～4所示，电极组件2具有与绝缘胶带3粘接的第三表面21，即该电极组件2的第三表面21与绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31粘接，其中，第一粘接区31覆盖第二粘接区32在第三表面21的正投影。
本实施例中，当第一粘接区31覆盖第二粘接区32在第三表面21的正投影时，使得从第二粘接区32传递的外力能够完全经绝缘胶带3传递到第一粘接区31，从而传递到电极组件2的第三表面21，降低绝缘胶带3在外力作用下断裂的风险，提高绝缘胶带3的结构强度和使用寿命，从而提高壳体1与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性，降低电极组件2短路的风险。
在第一种具体实施例中，该绝缘胶带3具体可以为分体式结构，如图6和图8所示的实施例中，该绝缘胶带3至少包括用于与电极组件2粘接的第一胶材33和用于与壳体1粘接的第二胶材34，且上述第一粘接区31位于第一胶材33，第二粘接区32位于第二胶材34。
其中，该第一胶材33和第二胶材34均为双面胶，从而使得第一胶材33和第二胶材34的一个表面粘接，另一个表面分别用于与电极组件2和壳体1粘接。本实施例中，该分体式结构的绝缘胶带3具有结构简单，加工方便的优点，且能够便于实现绝缘胶带3的第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32具有不同的粘结强度。
在另一种具体实施例中，如图7和图9所示，该绝缘胶带3包括依次层叠设置的第一胶材33、基材35和第二胶材34，其中，基材35位于第一胶材33和第二胶材34之间，并与二者连接，该第一胶材33用于与电极组件2粘接，即上述第一粘接区31设置于该第一胶材33，第二胶材34用于与壳体1粘接，即上述第二粘接区32设置于该第二胶材34。
其中，如图7和图9所示，该第一胶材33的面积大于第二胶材34的面积，该基材35的尺寸与面积较大的第一胶材33的面积相同，该第一胶材33与基材35之间可以为粘接，第二胶材34与基材35之间也可以为粘接。
本实施例中，该绝缘胶带3的基材35能够对第一胶材33和第二胶材34起到支撑作用，从而提高该绝缘胶带3的结构强度，进而降低在外力作用下绝缘胶带3损坏的风险，提高壳体1与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性。同时，该分体式结构的绝缘胶带3具有结构简单，加工方便的优点，且能够便于实现绝缘胶带3的第一表面31和第二表面32具有不同的粘结强度。
同时，以上两个实施例中，当绝缘胶带3的第一表面31包括粘结强度不同的第一区域311和第二区域312时，使得该第一胶材33还可以为分体式结构，即第一胶材33可以包括至少两个胶材单体，且两个胶材单体的粘结强度分别为P1和P3，从而使得第一区域311和第二区域312的粘结强度分别为P1和P3。
更具体地，如图8和图9所示，该绝缘胶带3中第一粘接区31的第一区域311与第二区域312之间具有间隙316，即第二区域312的第三外边缘312a与第一区域311的第一内边缘311a之间具有间隙316，即形成该第一胶材33的两个胶材单体之间具有间隙316。
本实施例中，当第一区域311与第二区域312之间具有间隙316时，能够防止作用于绝缘胶带3的外力在第一区域311与第二区域312之间传递，从而降低传递至第二区域312的外力导致第二区域312与电极组件2之间的粘接断开的风险，提高绝缘胶带3与电极组件2之间的连接可靠性，从而提高电化学装置的可靠性和使用寿命。同时，当第一区域311与第二区域312位于不同的胶材时，还能够便于实现二者具有不同的粘结强度，降低绝缘胶带3的加工难度。
以上各实施例中，如图11所示，该绝缘胶带3中，第一粘接区31和第二粘接区32的形状选自方形、矩形、梯形、八边形、圆形、椭圆形中的任一种。
本申请实施例中的电化学装置可以用于多种领域，只要能够采用电化学装置供电的设备，均可采用本申请实施例中的电化学装置。例如，该电化学装置可以用于电动车的电化学装置包和电子装置等部件，电子装置可以为手机、平板电脑、桌面型计算机、膝上型计算机、手持计算机、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本，以及蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)设备、可穿戴式设备、车载设备、智能家居设备和/或智慧城市设备、电动工具、储能装置电动三轮车、电动汽车等，本申请实施例对该电子装置的具体类型不作特殊限制。
具体地，该电子设备可以包括外壳、屏幕、电路板和电化学装置等部件，其中，屏幕、电路板和电化学装置均安装于外壳，该电化学装置为以上任一实施例中所述的电化学装置。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置包括：
    壳体；
    电极组件，所述电极组件的至少部分位于所述壳体内；以及
    绝缘胶带，所述绝缘胶带位于所述壳体与所述电极组件之间，且所述绝缘胶带包括与所述电极组件粘接的第一表面和与所述壳体粘接的第二表面；所述第一表面包括第一粘接区，所述第二表面包括第二粘接区；
    其中，所述第一粘接区的面积A与所述第二粘接区的面积B满足：0.08≤B/A≤0.95，且所述第二粘接区的粘结强度为P2，所述第一粘接区包括粘结强度为P1的第一区域，0.2×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一粘接区具有第一外边缘，所述第二粘接区具有第二外边缘；
    所述第二外边缘在所述第一表面的正投影位于所述第一区域内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第二外边缘在所述第一表面的正投影与所述第一外边缘之间的距离为a，所述第一表面的宽度为W2，其中，0.05×W2≤a≤0.4×W2。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一粘接区还包括粘结强度为P3的第二区域，0.2×P3≤P1≤0.9×P3。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第二粘接区在所述第一表面的正投影覆盖所述第二区域。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一区域具有第一内边缘，所述第一内边缘与所述第一外边缘之间的距离为b，其中，0.2×b≤a≤0.8×b。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，0.1×W2≤b≤0.45×W2。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第二区域具有第三外边缘，所述第三外边缘与所述第一内边缘重合。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，满足以下条件的至少一者：
    a)0.4×P2≤P1≤0.9×P2；
    b)0.05×W2≤a≤0.35×W2；
    c)0.3×b≤a≤0.7×b；
    d)0.1×W2≤b≤0.4×W2。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电极组件具有与所述绝缘胶带粘接的第三表面，所述第一粘接区覆盖所述第二粘接区在所述第三表面上的正投影。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘胶带包括依次层叠设置的第一胶材、基材和第二胶材，所述第一胶材与所述电极组件粘接，所述第二胶材与所述壳体粘接。
  12. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括权利要求1～11中任一项所述的电化学装置。
PCT/CN2021/074465 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 电化学装置及电子设备 WO2022160273A1 (zh)

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