WO2021134599A1 - 电池及电子装置 - Google Patents

电池及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021134599A1
WO2021134599A1 PCT/CN2019/130784 CN2019130784W WO2021134599A1 WO 2021134599 A1 WO2021134599 A1 WO 2021134599A1 CN 2019130784 W CN2019130784 W CN 2019130784W WO 2021134599 A1 WO2021134599 A1 WO 2021134599A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
empty foil
adhesive
pole piece
foil area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/130784
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张远杰
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to CN201980044481.7A priority Critical patent/CN112534607B/zh
Priority to EP19958380.8A priority patent/EP4071871A4/en
Priority to US16/956,692 priority patent/US11862805B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/130784 priority patent/WO2021134599A1/zh
Publication of WO2021134599A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134599A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/193—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/197—Sealing members characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/198—Sealing members characterised by the material characterised by physical properties, e.g. adhesiveness or hardness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electrochemical devices, and in particular to a battery and an electronic device using the battery.
  • batteries can be widely used in various devices, such as notebooks, mobile phones, drones, mobile power supplies, and automobiles.
  • the battery cell moves and collides in the packaging shell, and the empty foil in the outer ring of the battery cell is easily broken, which is easy to cause a short circuit problem.
  • the present application provides a battery capable of reducing the risk of short circuit and an electronic device using the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery including a packaging case and a battery cell.
  • the battery core is arranged in the packaging shell.
  • the battery cell includes a first pole piece, and the first pole piece includes a first empty foil area and a second empty foil area where no active material is provided on both sides.
  • the battery cell has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first empty foil area is provided on the first surface, and the second empty foil area is provided on the second surface.
  • the first surface and/or the second surface are bonded to the packaging shell through an adhesive.
  • the width of the cell is W
  • the width of the first empty foil area is W1
  • the width of the second empty foil area is W2, 0 ⁇ (W1+W2) /W ⁇ 40%.
  • the adhesive includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first surface is bonded to the packaging shell through the first adhesive layer, and the second The surface is bonded to the packaging shell through the second bonding layer.
  • the width of the first adhesive layer is W3, and the width of the second adhesive layer is W4, where 80% ⁇ W3/W ⁇ 100 %, 80% ⁇ W4/W ⁇ 100%.
  • the length of the cell in the length direction of the cell, is L, the length of the first adhesive layer is L1, and the length of the second adhesive layer is L2, where , 80% ⁇ L1/L ⁇ 100%, 80% ⁇ L2/L ⁇ 100%.
  • the first pole piece further includes a third empty foil area connected between the first empty foil area and the second empty foil area.
  • the bonding member includes a third bonding layer, and the third empty foil area is bonded to the packaging shell through the third bonding layer.
  • the first pole piece includes a first current collector and a first active material layer disposed on the first current collector.
  • the first active material layer is provided with a first groove exposing the first current collector.
  • the battery cell further includes a first tab, and the first tab is received in the first groove and is electrically connected to the first current collector.
  • the battery cell further includes a second pole piece and a second pole lug.
  • the second pole piece includes a second current collector and a second active material layer disposed on the second current collector.
  • the second active material layer is provided with a second groove exposing the second current collector, and the second tab is received in the second groove and is electrically connected to the second current collector.
  • the first pole piece is a cathode pole piece
  • the second pole piece is an anode pole piece
  • the adhesive member is an adhesive tape or a glue layer.
  • the adhesive force of the adhesive member is 100-1000 N/m, and the tensile fracture stress of the adhesive member is less than or equal to 4000 N/m.
  • the thickness of the adhesive member on the first surface and the thickness of the adhesive member on the second surface are both less than or equal to 200 um.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device using the above-mentioned battery.
  • the ratio of the width of the empty foil area in the width direction of the cell to the width of the cell is less than Or equal to 40%, which can reduce the possibility of debris generated in the empty foil area when impacted, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the battery cell shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the battery cell shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a functional module diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the first diaphragm 21 The first diaphragm 21
  • the first adhesive layer 31 is the first adhesive layer 31
  • the second adhesive layer 32 is the second adhesive layer 32
  • the first active material layer 236 is the first active material layer 236
  • the second active material layer 276 is the second active material layer 276
  • the third bonding layer 33 is the third bonding layer 33
  • the battery 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a packaging shell 10, a battery core 20 and an adhesive 30.
  • the battery core 20 is packaged in the packaging shell 10 and bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the adhesive 30.
  • the cell 20 is a flat cell formed by sequentially stacking and winding a first pole piece 23, a first diaphragm 21, a second pole piece 27, and a second diaphragm 25.
  • a first tab 50 is connected to the first pole piece 23, and a second tab 70 is connected to the second pole piece 27.
  • the first tab 50 and the second tab 70 protrude from the packaging shell 10.
  • the first pole piece 23 is a cathode pole piece
  • the second pole piece 27 is an anode pole piece.
  • the cell 20 includes a first surface 22, a second surface 24 opposite to the first surface 22, and two side surfaces 26 connecting the first surface 22 and the second surface 24.
  • the first surface 22 and the second surface 24 are bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the bonding member 30.
  • the bonding member 30 includes a first bonding layer 31 and a second bonding layer 32.
  • the first surface 22 is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the first adhesive layer 31, and the second surface 24 is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the second adhesive layer 32.
  • the bonding member 30 only covers one surface of the battery core 20, and the first surface 22 or the second surface 24 is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the bonding member 30 .
  • the first pole piece 23 includes a first current collector 235 and a first active material layer 236 disposed on two opposite surfaces of the first current collector 235.
  • the second pole piece 27 includes a second current collector 275 and a second active material layer 276 that completely covers the two opposite surfaces of the second current collector 275.
  • the materials of the first current collector 235 and the second current collector 275 can be selected from Ni, Ti, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Fe, Co, Cr, W, Mo, Al, Mg, K, Na, respectively. , Ca, Sr, Ba, Si, Ge, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, and at least one of their combinations (alloys).
  • the first current collector 235 is aluminum foil
  • the second current collector 275 is copper foil.
  • the first active material layer material 236 may be selected one or more of LiCo0 2, LiFeP0 4 and the like can be electrochemically deintercalating lithium ions from the active material.
  • the material of the second active material layer 276 can be selected from one or more of electrochemically active materials capable of intercalating lithium ions, such as graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, Li 4 Ti 5 0 12 and the like.
  • the material of the first diaphragm 21 and the second diaphragm may be selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • PVDF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • the first active material layer 236 is provided with a first groove 237 exposing the first current collector 235.
  • the first tab 50 is accommodated in the first groove 237 and is electrically connected to the first current collector 235 for deriving electrons from the first current collector 235.
  • the second active material layer 276 is provided with a second groove 277 exposing the second current collector 275.
  • the second tab 70 is accommodated in the second groove 277 and is electrically connected to the second current collector 275 for deriving electrons from the second current collector 275.
  • the first tab 50 and the second tab 70 are not flush to reduce the thickness of the battery core 20.
  • the material of the first tab 50 is Al
  • the material of the second tab 70 is selected from one or more of Ni and its alloys.
  • the first pole piece 23 includes an active material area 231 and an empty foil area connected to each other.
  • the active material area 231 includes a first current collector 235 and a first active material layer 236 disposed on the first current collector 235.
  • the empty foil area only includes the first current collector 235, and the first active material layer 236 is not provided on the two opposite surfaces thereof. Part of the active material area 231 and the empty foil area together constitute the outermost ring of the battery cell 20.
  • the empty foil zone includes a first empty foil zone 233, a second empty foil zone 234, and a third empty foil zone 232 located between the first empty foil zone 233 and the second empty foil zone 234.
  • the third empty foil area 232 connects the first empty foil area 233 and the second empty foil area 234.
  • the second empty foil area 234 is connected to the active material area 231.
  • the first empty foil area 233 is located on the first surface 22 and is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the first adhesive layer 31.
  • the first adhesive layer 31 partially or completely covers the first empty foil area 233.
  • the second empty foil area 234 is located on the second surface 24 and is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the second adhesive layer 32.
  • the second adhesive layer 32 partially or completely covers the second empty foil area 234.
  • the third empty foil area 232 is located on one side surface 26.
  • the width of the cell is W
  • the width of the first empty foil area 233 is W1
  • the width of the second empty foil area 234 is W1.
  • the width is W2, where 0 ⁇ (W1+W2)/W ⁇ 40%.
  • the width direction A is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tabs.
  • the width of the empty foil area in the cell width direction A is the same as that of the cell by optimizing the straight line length of the empty foil area where the outermost ring is bonded to the packaging shell 10
  • the width ratio is less than or equal to 40%, which can reduce the possibility of debris generated in the empty foil area when impacted, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit.
  • the first adhesive layer 31 partially or completely covers the first surface 22, and the second adhesive layer 32 partially or completely covers the second surface 24.
  • the width direction A of the cell the width of the first adhesive layer 31 is W3, and the width of the second adhesive layer 32 is W4, where 80% ⁇ W3/W ⁇ 100%, 80% % ⁇ W4/W ⁇ 100%.
  • the length direction B of the cell the length of the cell 20 is L, the length of the first adhesive layer 31 is L1, and the length of the second adhesive layer 32 is L2, where 80 % ⁇ L1/L ⁇ 100%, 80% ⁇ L2/L ⁇ 100%.
  • the length direction B is parallel to the extension direction of the tabs.
  • the first tab 50 and the second tab 70 are located on the top of the battery core 20.
  • the battery core 20 has two end faces in the length direction B.
  • the first tab 50 and the second tab 70 may be respectively located on different end faces of the battery core 20 or on one of the end faces at the same time.
  • the adhesive member 30 further includes a third adhesive layer 33.
  • the third empty foil area 232 is bonded to the packaging shell 10 through the third bonding layer 33.
  • the third adhesive layer 33 partially or completely covers the third empty foil area 232.
  • the adhesive member 30 is an adhesive layer or tape.
  • the adhesive of the adhesive layer or tape is pressure sensitive adhesive or hot melt adhesive.
  • the hot melt adhesive is selected from polyolefin hot melt adhesives, polyurethane hot melt adhesives, ethylene and its copolymer hot melt adhesives, polyester hot melt adhesives, polyamide hot melt adhesives, styrene and its blocks One or more of copolymer hot melt adhesives.
  • the adhesive force of the adhesive member 30 is 100-1000 N/m, and the tensile fracture stress of the adhesive member 30 is less than or equal to 4000 N/m.
  • the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 31, the second adhesive layer 32, and the third adhesive layer 33 are all less than or equal to 200 um.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device 200 using the battery 100.
  • the electronic device 200 may be any electronic device known in the art, for example, electronic equipment such as mobile phones and computers, and electric equipment such as electric tools and electric vehicles.
  • the battery cell 10 shown in FIG. 2 is used to obtain a battery composed of 10 after liquid injection, encapsulation, and formation.
  • the battery cell 10 shown in FIG. 2 is used to obtain a battery composed of 10 after liquid injection, encapsulation, and formation.
  • the battery cell 10 shown in FIG. 2 is used to obtain a battery composed of 10 after liquid injection, encapsulation, and formation.
  • a battery which includes a packaging case and a battery core encapsulated in the packaging case.
  • the outermost ring of the cell includes an empty foil area, the ratio of the width of the empty foil area in the width direction of the cell to the width of the cell is 50%, and the cell does not pass the adhesive to the
  • the packaging shells are bonded together.
  • the finished batteries provided in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to drop test and impact test.
  • the test conditions and test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the method of drop test is to put the battery into a special fixture and drop it from 1.5m. After falling, if the empty foil area of the cell is not torn, it will pass the drop test.
  • the method of heavy object impact test is to place a metal rod with a diameter of 15.8mm ⁇ 0.1mm horizontally on the center of the battery surface, and use a weight of 9.1kg ⁇ 0.1kg to freely fall from a height of 610mm ⁇ 25mm to hit the finished battery. The surface where the metal rod is placed. After the impact, if the battery does not catch fire or explode, it will pass the test.
  • both the drop test pass rate and the impact test pass rate of the battery provided in this application are relatively high.
  • the pass rate of the battery drop test and the pass rate of the impact test both increase; when (W1+W2)/W is greater than 40%, the battery drop test pass rate and impact The test pass rate is low; when (W1+W2)/W is less than 30%, as the ratio of (W1+W2)/W decreases, the drop test pass rate and impact test pass rate of the battery increase less .
  • W3/W ratio and/or W4/W ratio increase, the drop test pass rate and impact test pass rate of the battery also increase.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池（100），包括包装壳（10）及电芯（20）。所述电芯（20）设置于所述包装壳（10）内，所述电芯（20）包括第一极片（23），所述第一极片（23）包括两侧均未设置活性物质的第一空箔区（233）及第二空箔区（234），所述电芯（20）具有相对的第一表面（22）及第二表面（24），所述第一空箔区（233）设于所述第一表面（22），所述第二空箔区（234）设于所述第二表面（24）。其中，所述第一表面（22）及/或所述第二表面（24）通过粘接件（30）与所述包装壳（10）相粘接，在所述电芯（20）的宽度方向上，所述电芯（20）的宽度为W，所述第一空箔区（233）的宽度为W1，所述第二空箔区（234）的宽度为W2，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤40％。通过优化位于最外圈与所述包装壳（10）相粘接的空箔区的平面直线长度，可减少空箔区在受到冲击时产生碎屑的可能，进而减少短路风险。

Description

电池及电子装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电化学装置领域，尤其涉及一种电池及应用所述电池的电子装置。
背景技术
电池由于其能量密度高，可广泛应用于各种设备中，例如笔记本、手机、无人机、移动电源、汽车等。电池在跌落或受到外力撞击时，电芯在包装壳内移动碰撞，电芯外圈的空箔易破碎，易引起短路问题。
发明内容
基于以上现有技术的不足，本申请提供一种能够减少短路风险的电池及应用所述电池的电子装置。
本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括包装壳以及电芯。所述电芯设置于所述包装壳内。所述电芯包括第一极片，所述第一极片包括两侧均未设置活性物质的第一空箔区及第二空箔区。所述电芯具有相对的第一表面及第二表面，所述第一空箔区设于所述第一表面，所述第二空箔区设于所述第二表面。其中，所述第一表面及/或所述第二表面通过粘接件与所述包装壳相粘接。在所述电芯的宽度方向上，所述电芯的宽度为W，所述第一空箔区的宽度为W1，所述第二空箔区的宽度为W2，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤40％。
在一些实施例中，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤30％。
在一些实施例中，所述粘接件包括第一粘接层及第二粘接 层，所述第一表面通过所述第一粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接，所述第二表面通过所述第二粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接。
在一些实施例中，在所述电芯的宽度方向上，所述第一粘接层的宽度为W3，所述第二粘接层的宽度为W4，其中，80％≤W3/W≤100％，80％≤W4/W≤100％。
在一些实施例中，在所述电芯的长度方向上，所述电芯的长度为L，所述第一粘接层的长度为L1，所述第二粘接层的长度为L2，其中，80％≤L1/L≤100％，80％≤L2/L≤100％。
在一些实施例中，所述第一极片还包括第三空箔区，所述第三空箔区连接所述第一空箔区和所述第二空箔区之间。
在一些实施例中，所述粘接件包括第三粘接层，所述第三空箔区通过所述第三粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一极片包括第一集流体及设置于所述第一集流体上的第一活性物质层。所述第一活性物质层开设有露出所述第一集流体的第一凹槽。所述电芯还包括第一极耳，所述第一极耳容置于所述第一凹槽中且与所述第一集流体电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电芯还包括第二极片及第二极耳。所述第二极片包括第二集流体及设置于所述第二集流体上的第二活性物质层。所述第二活性物质层开设有露出所述第二集流体的第二凹槽，所述第二极耳容置于所述第二凹槽中且与所述第二集流体电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一极片为阴极极片，所述第二极片为阳极极片。
在一些实施例中，所述粘接件为胶带或胶层。
在一些实施例中，所述粘接件的粘接力为100～1000N/m，所述粘接件的拉伸断裂应力小于或等于4000N/m。
在一些实施例中，在所述电芯的厚度方向上，位于所述第一表面的粘接件的厚度及位于所述第二表面的粘接件的厚度均小于或等于200um。
本申请实施例还提供一种应用上述电池的电子装置。
本申请提供的电池，通过优化位于最外圈与所述包装壳相粘接的空箔区的平面直线长度，使在电芯宽度方向上的空箔区的宽度与电芯的宽度的比值小于或等于40％，可减少空箔区在受到冲击时产生碎屑的可能，进而减少短路风险。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施方式提供的电池的结构示意图。
图2为图1所示电芯的结构示意图。
图3为图1所示电芯的俯视图。
图4为图1所示电芯的仰视图。
图5为本申请一实施方式提供的电子装置的功能模块图。
主要元件符号说明
电池        100
电芯        20
粘接件      30
第一极片    23
第一隔膜    21
第二极片              27
第二隔膜              25
第一极耳              50
第二极耳              70
第一表面              22
第二表面              24
侧面                  26
第一粘接层            31
第二粘接层            32
第一集流体            235
第一活性物质层        236
第二集流体            275
第二活性物质层        276
第一凹槽              237
第二凹槽              277
活性物质区            231
第一空箔区            233
第二空箔区            234
第三空箔区            232
第三粘接层            33
电子装置              200
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅是本申请的一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本申请保护 的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“连接于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本申请实施方式中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施方式的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参阅图1及图2，本申请一实施方式提供的电池100，包括包装壳10、电芯20及粘接件30。所述电芯20封装于所述包装壳10中，并通过所述粘接件30与所述包装壳10粘接。所述电芯20为由第一极片23、第一隔膜21、第二极片27及第二隔膜25依次叠置并卷绕而成的扁平状电芯。所述第一极片23上连接有第一极耳50，所述第二极片27上连接有第二极耳70。所述第一极耳50及所述第二极耳70由所述包装壳10中伸出。本实施例中，所述第一极片23为阴极极片，所述第二极片27为阳极极片。
所述电芯20包括第一表面22、与所述第一表面22相对设置的第二表面24及连接所述第一表面22与所述第二表面24的两个侧面26。所述第一表面22及所述第二表面24通过所述粘接件30与所述包装壳10相粘接。所述粘接件30包括第一粘接层31及第二粘接层32。所述第一表面22通过所述第一粘接层31与所述包装壳10相粘接，所述第二表面24通过所述第二粘接层32与所述包装壳10相粘接。可选的，所述粘接件30仅覆盖所述电芯20的一个表面，所述第一表面22或 所述第二表面24通过所述粘接件30与所述包装壳10相粘接。
所述第一极片23包括第一集流体235和设置于所述第一集流体235相对两表面的第一活性物质层236。所述第二极片27包括第二集流体275和完全覆盖所述第二集流体275相对两表面的第二活性物质层276。所述第一集流体235和所述第二集流体275的材质可分别选自Ni、Ti、Cu、Ag、Au、Pt、Fe、Co、Cr、W、Mo、Al、Mg、K、Na、Ca、Sr、Ba、Si、Ge、Sb、Pb、In、Zn及其组合物(合金)中的至少一种。可选的，所述第一集流体235为铝箔，所述第二集流体275为铜箔。所述第一活性物质层236的材料可选自LiCo0 2、LiFeP0 4等可脱嵌锂离子的电化学活性物质中的一种或几种。所述第二活性物质层276的材料可选自石墨、软碳、硬碳、Li 4Ti 50 12等可嵌锂离子的电化学活性物质中的一种或几种。所述第一隔膜21及所述第二隔膜的材质可分别选自聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)、聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)、聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride，PVDF)、聚偏二氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物(polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer，PVDF-HFP)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate，PMMA)、聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol，PEG)中的一种或几种。
所述第一活性物质层236开设有露出所述第一集流体235的第一凹槽237。所述第一极耳50容置于所述第一凹槽237中并与所述第一集流体235电连接，用于导出所述第一集流体235的电子。所述第二活性物质层276开设有露出所述第二集流体275的第二凹槽277。所述第二极耳70容置于所述第二凹槽277中并与所述第二集流体275电连接，用于导出所述第二集流体275的电子。在所述卷绕式电芯20的厚度方向T上，所述第一极耳50与所述第二极耳70不平齐，以减小所述电芯 20的厚度。可选的，所述第一极耳50的材质为Al，所述第二极耳70的材质选自Ni及其合金中的一种或几种。
所述第一极片23包括相互连接的活性物质区231及空箔区。所述活性物质区231包括第一集流体235及设置于所述第一集流体235上的第一活性物质层236。所述空箔区仅包括第一集流体235，其相对的两表面均未设置所述第一活性物质层236。部分所述活性物质区231和所述空箔区共同构成所述电芯20的最外圈。所述空箔区包括第一空箔区233、第二空箔区234及位于所述第一空箔区233及所述第二空箔区234之间的第三空箔区232。所述第三空箔区232连接所述第一空箔区233和所述第二空箔区234。所述第二空箔区234与所述活性物质区231相连接。所述第一空箔区233位于所述第一表面22，并通过所述第一粘接层31与所述包装壳10粘接。所述第一粘接层31部分或完全覆盖所述第一空箔区233。所述第二空箔区234位于所述第二表面24，通过所述第二粘接层32与所述包装壳10粘接。所述第二粘接层32部分或完全覆盖所述第二空箔区234。所述第三空箔区232位于一个侧面26。
请参阅图2至图4，在所述电芯20宽度方向A上，所述电芯的宽度为W，所述第一空箔区233的宽度为W1，所述第二空箔区234的宽度为W2，其中，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤40％。其中，所述宽度方向A与所述极耳的延伸方向相垂直。
本实施方式提供的电池100，通过优化位于最外圈与所述包装壳10相粘接的空箔区的平面直线长度，使在电芯宽度方向A上的空箔区的宽度与电芯的宽度的比值小于或等于40％，可减少空箔区在受到冲击时产生碎屑的可能，进而减少短路风险。
可选的，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤30％。经测试，当(W1+W2)/W 的比值为30％时，所述电池100的抗跌落、抗冲击性能几乎达到最优。
所述第一粘接层31部分或全部覆盖所述第一表面22，所述第二粘接层32部分或全部覆盖所述第二表面24。在所述电芯的宽度方向A上，所述第一粘接层31的宽度为W3，所述第二粘接层32的宽度为W4，其中，80％≤W3/W≤100％，80％≤W4/W≤100％。在所述电芯的长度方向B上，所述电芯20的长度为L，所述第一粘接层31的长度为L1，所述第二粘接层32的长度为L2，其中，80％≤L1/L≤100％，80％≤L2/L≤100％。其中，所述长度方向B与所述极耳的延伸方向相平行。
所述第一极耳50及所述第二极耳70位于所述电芯20的顶部。电芯20在长度方向B上有两个端面。可选的，所述第一极耳50及所述第二极耳70可分别位于所述电芯20的不同端面或同时位于其中一个端面。
进一步地，所述粘接件30还包括第三粘接层33。所述第三空箔区232通过所述第三粘接层33与所述包装壳10相粘接。所述第三粘接层33部分或完全覆盖所述第三空箔区232。
所述粘接件30为胶层或胶带。所述胶层或胶带的胶为压敏胶或热熔胶。所述热熔胶选自聚烯烃类热熔胶、聚氨酯类热熔胶、乙烯及其共聚物类热熔胶、聚酯类热熔胶、聚酰胺类热熔胶、苯乙烯及其嵌段共聚物类热熔胶中的一种或几种。所述粘接件30的粘接力为100～1000N/m，所述粘接件30的拉伸断裂应力小于或等于4000N/m。可选的，所述第一粘接层31、所述第二粘接层32及所述第三粘接层33的厚度均小于或等于200um。
请参阅图5，本申请一实施方式提供应用所述电池100的电子装置200。所述电子装置200可以为现有已知的任何电子 装置，例如，手机、电脑等电子设备，电动工具、电动车辆等电动设备。
下面通过实施例及对比例对本申请提供的电池进行性能评估。
实施例1
采用如图2所示的电芯10经注液、封装、化成后得到10组成品电池。其中，所述第一空箔区233的宽度W1，所述第二空箔区234的宽度W2，及所述电芯20的宽度W满足(W1+W2)/W＝40％。所述第一粘接层31的宽度W3满足W3/W＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的宽度W4满足W4/W＝80％。所述第一粘接层31的长度L1及所述电芯20的长度L满足L1/L＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的长度L2满足L2/L＝80％。
实施例2
提供与实施例大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％，L1/L＝100％。
实施例3
提供与实施例1大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W4/W＝100％，L2/L＝100％。
实施例4
提供与实施例1大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％，W4/W＝100％，L1/L＝100％，L2/L＝100％。
实施例5
提供与实施例1大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，(W1+W2)/W＝30％，L1/L＝100％，L2/L＝100％。
实施例6
提供与实施例5大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％。
实施例7，
提供与实施例5大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W4/W＝100％。
实施例8
提供与实施例5大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％，W4/W＝100％。
实施例9
提供与实施例5大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，(W1+W2)/W＝15％。
实施例10
提供与实施例9大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％。
实施例11
提供与实施例9大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W4/W＝100％。
实施例12
提供与实施例9大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％，W4/W＝100％。
实施例13
提供与实施例5大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，(W1+W2)/W＝0。
实施例14
提供与实施例13大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％
实施例15
提供与实施例13大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W4/W＝100％
实施例16
提供与实施例13大致相同的成品电池，不同之处在于，W3/W＝100％，W4/W＝100％。
对比例1
采用如图2所示的电芯10经注液、封装、化成后得到10组成品电池。其中，所述第一空箔区233的宽度W1，所述第二空箔区234的宽度W2，及所述电芯20的宽度W满足(W1+W2)/W＝50％。所述第一粘接层31的宽度W3满足W3/W＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的宽度W4满足W4/W＝80％。所述第一粘接层31的长度L1及所述电芯20的长度L满足L1/L＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的长度L2满足L2/L＝80％。
对比例2
采用如图2所示的电芯10经注液、封装、化成后得到10组成品电池。其中，所述第一空箔区233的宽度W1，所述第二空箔区234的宽度W2，及所述电芯20的宽度W满足(W1+W2)/W＝60％。所述第一粘接层31的宽度W3满足W3/W＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的宽度W4满足W4/W＝80％。所述第一粘接层31的长度L1及所述电芯20的长度L满足L1/L＝80％，所述第二粘接层32的长度L2满足L2/L＝80％。
对比例3
提供一种电池，包括包装壳及封装于所述包装壳中的电芯。所述电芯的最外圈包括空箔区，所述空箔区在电芯宽度方向上的宽度与电芯的宽度的比值为50％，且所述电芯未通过粘接件与所述包装壳相粘接。
对实施例1-16及对比例1-3提供的成品电池进行跌落测试和冲击测试，测试条件及测试结果如表1。跌落测试的方法为，将电池装入专用夹具后，从1.5m处进行跌落。跌落后，若电 芯的空箔区未被撕裂，则通过跌落测试。重物冲击测试方法为，将直径为15.8mm±0.1mm的金属棒横放在电池表面的中心处，用质量为9.1kg±0.1kg的重物从610mm±25mm的高处自由落体撞击成品电池放有金属棒的表面。撞击后，若电池不起火，不爆炸，则通过测试。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019130784-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019130784-appb-000002
从表1可看出，本申请提供的电池的跌落测试通过率和冲击测试通过率均较高。随着(W1+W2)/W比值的减小，电池的跌落测试通过率和冲击测试通过率均有提高；当(W1+W2)/W大于40％时，电池的跌落测试通过率和冲击测试通过率均较低；当(W1+W2)/W小于30％时，随着(W1+W2)/W比值的减小，电池的跌落测试通过率和冲击测试通过率提高的幅度较小。随着W3/W比值及/或W4/W比值的增加，电池的跌落测试通过率和冲击测试通过率也有提高。
以上所揭露的仅为本申请较佳实施方式而已，当然不能以此来限定本申请之权利范围，因此依本申请权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本申请所涵盖的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    包装壳；以及
    电芯，设置于所述包装壳内，所述电芯包括第一极片，所述第一极片包括两侧均未设置活性物质的第一空箔区及第二空箔区，所述电芯具有相对的第一表面及第二表面，所述第一空箔区设于所述第一表面，所述第二空箔区设于所述第二表面；
    其中，所述第一表面及/或所述第二表面通过粘接件与所述包装壳相粘接，在所述电芯的宽度方向上，所述电芯的宽度为W，所述第一空箔区的宽度为W1，所述第二空箔区的宽度为W2，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤40％。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，0≤(W1+W2)/W≤30％。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述粘接件包括第一粘接层及第二粘接层，所述第一表面通过所述第一粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接，所述第二表面通过所述第二粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电芯的宽度方向上，所述第一粘接层的宽度为W3，所述第二粘接层的宽度为W4，其中，80％≤W3/W≤100％，80％≤W4/W≤100％。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电芯的长度方向上，所述电芯的长度为L，所述第一粘接层的长度为L1，所述第二粘接层的长度为L2，其中，80％≤L1/L≤100％，80％≤L2/L≤100％。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一极片还包括第三空箔区，所述第三空箔区连接于所述第一空箔区和 所述第二空箔区之间。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电池，其特征在于，所述粘接件包括第三粘接层，所述第三空箔区通过所述第三粘接层与所述包装壳相粘接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一极片包括第一集流体及设置于所述第一集流体上的第一活性物质层，所述第一活性物质层开设有露出所述第一集流体的第一凹槽，所述电芯还包括第一极耳，所述第一极耳容置于所述第一凹槽中且与所述第一集流体电连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电芯还包括第二极片及第二极耳，所述第二极片包括第二集流体及设置于所述第二集流体上的第二活性物质层，所述第二活性物质层开设有露出所述第二集流体的第二凹槽，所述第二极耳容置于所述第二凹槽中且与所述第二集流体电连接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一极片为阴极极片，所述第二极片为阳极极片。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述粘接件为胶带或胶层。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述粘接件的粘接力为100～1000N/m，所述粘接件的拉伸断裂应力小于或等于4000N/m。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电芯的厚度方向上，位于所述第一表面的粘接件的厚度及位于所述第二表面的粘接件的厚度均小于或等于200um。
  14. 一种电子装置，包括如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池。
PCT/CN2019/130784 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 电池及电子装置 WO2021134599A1 (zh)

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CN217485476U (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-09-23 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极片及电芯
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